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• Is this a "valid" css image replacement technique?

  - by user278457

  I just came up with this, it seems to work in all modern browsers, I just tested it then on (IE8/compatibility, Chrome, Safari, Moz) HTML <img id="my_image" alt="my text" src="images/small_transparent.gif" /> CSS #my_image{ background-image:url('images/my_image.png'); width:100px; height:100px;} Pro's: image alt text is best-practice for accessibility/seo no extra HTML markup, and the css is pretty minimal too gets around the css on/images off issue where "text-indent" techniques hide text from low bandwidth users The biggest disadvantage that I can think of is the css off/images on situation, because you'll only send a transparent gif. I'd like to know, who uses images without stylesheets? some kind of mobile phone or something? I'm making some sites for clients in regional Australia (hundreds of km from the nearest city), where many users will be suffering from dial-up connections, and often outdated browsers too, so the "images off" issue is an important consideration. are there any other side effects with this technique that I haven't considered?

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• Best practice with respect to NPE and multiple expressions on single line

  - by JRL

  I'm wondering if it is an accepted practice or not to avoid multiple calls on the same line with respect to possible NPEs, and if so in what circumstances. For example: getThis().doThat(); vs Object o = getThis(); o.doThat(); The latter is more verbose, but if there is an NPE, you immediately know what is null. However, it also requires creating a name for the variable and more import statements. So my questions around this are: Is this problem something worth designing around? Is it better to go for the first or second possibility? Is the creation of a variable name something that would have an effect performance-wise? Is there a proposal to change the exception message to be able to determine what object is null in future versions of Java ?

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• Suggestions: Anti-Pattern counter-examples

  - by Tom W

  It doesn't seem that this exact question has been asked before, so I'll fire away: Most of us are familiar with the concept of an anti-pattern. However, avoiding implementation of anti-patterns can in principle swing too far the other way and cause problems itself. As an example, "Design by Committee" has a counter-example that I'd call "Design by Maverick" - wherein the design of an important feature is handed off to an individual to do what they think best, with the intention of reviewing their work later and deciding whether it should be finalised or go through another iteration. This takes much longer in practice as the rest of the team are occupied by other things, and can end up with a feature that's useful to nobody, particularly if the Maverick is not themselves an experienced end-user. Does anyone have any more examples of anti-pattern counter-examples?

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• Robust Large File Transfer with WCF

  - by Sharov

  I want to transfer big files (1GB) over unreliable transport channels. When connection is interrupted, I don't want start file transfering from the begining. I can partially store it in a temp table and store last readed position, so when connection is reestablished I can request continue uploading of file from this position. Is there any best-practice for such kind of things. I'm currently use chunking channel.

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• MongoDB query to return only embedded document

  - by Matt

  assume that i have a BlogPost model with zero-to-many embedded Comment documents. can i query for and have MongoDB return only Comment objects matching my query spec? eg, db.blog_posts.find({"comment.submitter": "some_name"}) returns only a list of comments. edit: an example: import pymongo connection = pymongo.Connection() db = connection['dvds'] db['dvds'].insert({'title': "The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy", 'episodes': [{'title': "Episode 1", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 2", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 3", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 4", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 5", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 6", 'desc': "..."}]}) episode = db['dvds'].find_one({'episodes.title': "Episode 1"}, fields=['episodes']) in this example, episode is: {u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'episodes': [{u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 1'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 2'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 3'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 4'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 5'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 6'}]} but i just want: {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 1'}

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• What is the proper way to code a read-while loop in Scala?

  - by ARKBAN

  What is the "proper" of writing the standard read-while loop in Scala? By proper I mean written in a Scala-like way as opposed to a Java-like way. Here is the code I have in Java: MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance( "MD5" ); InputStream input = new FileInputStream( "file" ); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int readLen; while( ( readLen = input.read( buffer ) ) != -1 ) md.update( buffer, 0, readLen ); return md.digest(); Here is the code I have in Scala: val md = MessageDigest.getInstance( hashInfo.algorithm ) val input = new FileInputStream( "file" ) val buffer = new Array[ Byte ]( 1024 ) var readLen = 0 while( readLen != -1 ) { readLen = input.read( buffer ) if( readLen != -1 ) md.update( buffer, 0, readLen ) } md.digest The Scala code is correct and works, but feels very un-Scala-ish. For one it is a literal translation of the Java code, taking advantage of none of the advantages of Scala. Further it is actually longer than the Java code! I really feel like I'm missing something, but I can't figure out what. I'm fairly new to Scala, and so I'm asking the question to avoid falling into the pitfall of writing Java-style code in Scala. I'm more interested in the Scala way to solve this kind of problem than in any specific helper method that might be provided by the Scala API to hash a file. (I apologize in advance for my ad hoc Scala adjectives throughout this question.)

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• What is the Proper approach for Constructing a PhysicalAddress object from Byte Array

  - by Paul Farry

  I'm trying to understand what the correct approach for a constructor that accepts a Byte Array with regard to how it stores it's data (specifically with PhysicalAddress) I have an array of 6 bytes (theAddress) that is constructed once. I have a source array of 18bytes (theAddresses) that is loaded from a TCP Connection. I then copy the 6bytes from theAddress+offset into theAddress and construct the PhysicalAddress from it. Problem is that the PhysicalAddress just stores the Reference to the array that was passed in. Therefore if you subsequently check the addresses they only ever point to the last address that was copied in. When I took a look inside the PhysicalAddress with reflector it's easy to see what's going on. public PhysicalAddress(byte[] address) { this.changed = true; this.address = address; } Now I know this can be solved by creating theAddress array on each pass, but I wanted to find out what really is the best practice for this. Should the constructor of an object that accepts a byte array create it's own private Variable for holding the data and copy it from the original Should it just hold the reference to what was passed in. Should I just created theAddress on each pass in the loop

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• C#.net Null and blank values

  - by Jonathan D

  What's the best way of writing robust code so that a variable can be checked for null and blank. e.g. string a; if((a != null) && (a.Length() > 0)) { //do some thing with a }

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• Javascript - Do I need to use 'var' when reassigning a variable defined in the function's parameters

  - by John Himmelman

  I've found many definitions of the 'var' statement but most of them are incomplete (usually from introductory guides/tutorials). Should I use 'var' if the variable & scope has been declared in the params list? someFunc = function(someVar) { // Is it considered good practice to use 'var', even if it is redundant? var someVar = cheese; };

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• In a PHP project, how do you organize and access your helper objects?

  - by Pekka

  How do you organize and manage your helper objects like the database engine, user notification, error handling and so on in a PHP based, object oriented project? Say I have a large PHP CMS. The CMS is organized in various classes. A few examples: the database object user management an API to create/modify/delete items a messaging object to display messages to the end user a context handler that takes you to the right page a navigation bar class that shows buttons a logging object possibly, custom error handling etc. I am dealing with the eternal question, how to best make these objects accessible to each part of the system that needs it. my first apporach, many years ago was to have a $application global that contained initialized instances of these classes. global $application; $application->messageHandler->addMessage("Item successfully inserted"); I then changed over to the Singleton pattern and a factory function: $mh =&factory("messageHandler"); $mh->addMessage("Item successfully inserted"); but I'm not happy with that either. Unit tests and encapsulation become more and more important to me, and in my understanding the logic behind globals/singletons destroys the basic idea of OOP. Then there is of course the possibility of giving each object a number of pointers to the helper objects it needs, probably the very cleanest, resource-saving and testing-friendly way but I have doubts about the maintainability of this in the long run. Most PHP frameworks I have looked into use either the singleton pattern, or functions that access the initialized objects. Both fine approaches, but as I said I'm happy with neither. I would like to broaden my horizon on what is possible here and what others have done. I am looking for examples, additional ideas and pointers towards resources that discuss this from a long-term, real-world perspective. Also, I'm interested to hear about specialized, niche or plain weird approaches to the issue. Bounty I am following the popular vote in awarding the bounty, the answer which is probably also going to give me the most. Thank you for all your answers!

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• What policies are standard for programmers?

  - by Shehket's Apprentice

  My office is about has proposed implementing some extremely strict (I would consider them draconian) policies regarding programmers, and our access due to security concerns (note, we have never had a security breach). While I can theoretically get used to them, I'd like to ask about what is considered good security policy for programmers, specifically in the area of access policies, and what is too much? Any answers to this question are greatly appreciated as they directly relate to my ability to write code, and I can't find anything so far on Google. Edit: Most of the security policies that concern me are about access to my machine and to the code. According to these proposed policies, I'd need management approval to access either, which means that I'd be forced to get management to unlock my computer anytime I leave my desk as my computer is always locked when I'm not at my desk.

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• Is there a standard practice for storing default application data?

  - by Rox Wen

  Our application includes a default set of data. The default data includes coefficients and other factors that are unlikely to ever change but still need to be update-able by the user. Currently, the original default data is stored as a populated class within the application. Data updates are stored to an external XML file. This design allows us to include a "reset" feature to restore the original default data. Our rationale for not storing defaults externally [e.g. XML file] was to minimize the risk of being altered. The overall volume of data doesn't warrant a database. Is there a standard practice for storing "default" application data?

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• Efficient storage/retrieval method for replayable comet style applications (Google Wave, Etherpad)

  - by Gareth Simpson

  I am considering a web application that would have the same kind of multi user, automatic saving, infinite undo / replay capabilities that you see in Google Wave and Etherpad (albeit on a drastically smaller scale and userbase). Before I go away and reinvent the wheel, is this something that has already been addressed as either a piece of technology or library, or even just a design pattern. I know this isn't necessarily the best Stack Overflow question as there is probably not a "right" answer, but my Google-fu has failed me and I'd just like a reading list! Ordinarily I would be developing under python/django but this is not a firm requirement just a preference :)

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• Good tools for keeping the content in test/staging/live environments synchronized

  - by David Stratton

  I'm looking for recommendations on automated folder synchronization tools to keep the content in our three environments synchronized automatically. Specifically, we have several applications where a user can upload content (via a File Upload page or a similar mechanism), such as images, pdf files, word documents, etc. In the past, we had the user doing this to our live server, and as a result, our test and staging servers had to be manually synchronized. Going forward, we will have them upload content to the staging server, and we would like some software to automatically copy the files off to the test and live servers EITHER on a scheduled basis OR as the files get uploaded. I was planning on writing my own component, and either set it up as a scheduled task, or use a FileSystemWatcher, but it occurred to me that this has probably already been done, and I might be better off with some sort of synchronization tool that already exists. On our web site, there are a limited number of folders that we want to keep synchronized. In these folders, it is an all or nothing - we want to make sure the folders are EXACT duplicates. This should make it fairly straightforward, and I would think that any software that can synchronize folders would be OK, except that we also would like the software to log changes. (This rules out simple BATCH files.) So I'm curious, if you have a similar environment, how did you solve the challenge of keeping everything synchronized. Are you aware of a tool that is reliable, and will meet our needs? If not, do you have a recommendation for something that will come close, or better yet, an open source solution where we can get the code and modify it as needed? (preferably .NET). Added Also, I DID google this first, but there are so many options, I am interested mostly in knowing what actually works well vs what they SAY works, which is why I'm asking here.

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• How do you deal with naming conventions for rails partials?

  - by DJTripleThreat

  For example, I might have an partial something like: <div> <%= f.label :some_field %><br/> <%= f.text_field :some_field %> </div> which works for edit AND new actions. I also will have one like: <div> <%=h some_field %> </div> for the show action. So you would think that all your partials go under one directory like shared or something. The problem that I see with this is that both of these would cause a conflict since they are essentially the same partial but for different actions so what I do is: <!-- for edit and new actions --> <%= render "shared_edit/some_partial" ... %> <!-- for show action --> <%= render "shared_show/some_partial" ... %> How do you handle this? Is a good idea or even possible to maybe combine all of these actions into one partial and render different parts by determining what the current action is?

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• What are possible designs for the DCI architecture?

  - by Gabriel Šcerbák

  What are possibles designs for implementation of the DCI (data, contexts, interactions) architecture in different OOP languages? I thought of Policy based design (Andrei Alexandrescu) for C++, DI and AOP for Java. However, I also thought about using State design pattern for representing roles and some sort of Template method for the interactions... What are the other possibilities?

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• paged list with checkboxes, keep the checkbox value browsing through the paging?

  - by Dejan.S

  Hi. I got a list of customers I thought I would list in a gridview or a repeater with customer html, it gone have paging. I'm gone have a checkbox for each customer in the list. Do you guys have any suggestions on how I should do to keep the checkbox value when I go to page 2-3-4 ect in the paging. I'm thinking a session to store the id of the checked customers. After I'm done setting the values they go to the database. Do you got any other ideas then the session I'm thinking of? thanks guys

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• Python's JSON module doesn't use __get__?

  - by Matt

  When I serialize a list of objects with a custom __get__ method, __get__ is not called and the raw (unprocessed by custom __get__) value from __set__ is used. How does Python's json module iterate over an item? Note: if I iterate over the list before serializing, the correct value returned by __get__ is used.

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• When to use CreateChildControls() vs. embedding in the ASPX

  - by Kelly French

  I'm developing a webpart for SharePoint 2007 and have seen several posts that advise to do all the creation of controls in the code-behind. I'm transitioning from Java J2EE development so I don't have the platform history of .Net/ASP/etc. In other places it shows how you can do the same thing by embedding the control definition into the asp page with tags My question is this: What is the rule governing where to implement controls? Has this rule changed recently, ASP vs ASP.Net or ASP.Net MVC maybe? Is this advice limited to SharePoint development?

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• What problems do you find with this view on domain-driven design?

  - by Bozho

  I just wrote a long (and messy) blogpost about my view on domain-driven design at present day, with frameworks like spring and hibernate massively in use. I'd ask you to spot any problems with my views on the matter - why this won't work, why it isn't giving the benefits of DDD, why it is not a good idea in general. The blogpost is here (I don't think I need to copy-paste it on SO - if you think I should, tell me). I know the question is subjective, but it is aimed at gathering the most predominant opinions. (I'm tagging Java, since the frameworks discussed are Java frameworks)

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• Git Submodule or fork

  - by Eric

  I have a private repo in github that is the complete source code to my cms. Now I have a few local customers that I want to use the same code base on but with different themes. Is it better to fork the original project out into a repo for each one. Or use a submodule and create a new repo for each customer? After each site is complete I would imagine the theme files wouldn't change much but would need to pull in changes from the main repo when bugs are discovered.

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• If you were developing shareware softwares for windows, would you target the .Net Framework or use n

  - by bohoo

  For the sake of the question, by 'shareware' I mean a software which is relatively small in size (up to few dozens of mb) and available for download and evaluation through a web site. I'm asking this question, because I don't understand something regarding the current state of windows commercial desktop development. It seems to me that: There is no reliable statistic regarding the extent of windows systems with .Net Framework installed. It makes no sense to force the end user to install the 20-60mb .Net for an application which may be smaller. Applications conforms to the term 'shareware' above have a big share on the win os market. Much of them don't need the capabilities of low level languages like c++, and therefore ideally they should be developed with a RAD enviroment. So, One would suppose there will be a blossom of RAD enviroments for native win code. But I know about only one - Delphi, and Delphi is so unpopular. How is that?

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• Import RSS feed into a Typo3 template

  - by Kaaviar

  Hi, I'm a total beginner with Typo3 and would like to show a RSS feed in a Typo3 template using typoscript. And I have no idea how to do this ! Is there any way to do this quite easily ? Calling an external PHP script maybe ? Thx !

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• What are Code Smells? What is the best way to correct them?

  - by Rob Cooper

  OK, so I know what a code smell is, and the Wikipedia Article is pretty clear in its definition: In computer programming, code smell is any symptom in the source code of a computer program that indicates something may be wrong. It generally indicates that the code should be refactored or the overall design should be reexamined. The term appears to have been coined by Kent Beck on WardsWiki. Usage of the term increased after it was featured in Refactoring. Improving the Design of Existing Code. I know it also provides a list of common code smells. But I thought it would be great if we could get clear list of not only what code smells there are, but also how to correct them. Some Rules Now, this is going to be a little subjective in that there are differences to languages, programming style etc. So lets lay down some ground rules: ** ONE SMELL PER ANSWER PLEASE! & ADVISE ON HOW TO CORRECT! ** See this answer for a good display of what this thread should be! DO NOT downmod if a smell doesn't apply to your language or development methodology We are all different. DO NOT just quickly smash in as many as you can think of Think about the smells you want to list and get a good idea down on how to work around. DO downmod answers that just look rushed For example "dupe code - remove dupe code". Let's makes it useful (e.g. Duplicate Code - Refactor into separate methods or even classes, use these links for help on these common.. etc. etc.). DO upmod answers that you would add yourself If you wish to expand, then answer with your thoughts linking to the original answer (if it's detailed) or comment if its a minor point. DO format your answers! Help others to be able to read it, use code snippets, headings and markup to make key points stand out!

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• Building a minimal plugin architecture in Python.

  - by dF

  I have an application, written in Python, which is used by a fairly technical audience (scientists). I'm looking for a good way to make the application extensible by the users, i.e. a scripting/plugin architecture. I am looking for something extremely lightweight. Most scripts, or plugins, are not going to be developed and distributed by a third-party and installed, but are going to be something whipped up by a user in a few minutes to automate a repeating task, add support for a file format, etc. So plugins should have the absolute minimum boilerplate code, and require no 'installation' other than copying to a folder (so something like setuptools entry points, or the Zope plugin architecture seems like too much.) Are there any systems like this already out there, or any projects that implement a similar scheme that I should look at for ideas / inspiration?

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