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  • MongoDB query to return only embedded document

    - by Matt
    assume that i have a BlogPost model with zero-to-many embedded Comment documents. can i query for and have MongoDB return only Comment objects matching my query spec? eg, db.blog_posts.find({"comment.submitter": "some_name"}) returns only a list of comments. edit: an example: import pymongo connection = pymongo.Connection() db = connection['dvds'] db['dvds'].insert({'title': "The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy", 'episodes': [{'title': "Episode 1", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 2", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 3", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 4", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 5", 'desc': "..."}, {'title': "Episode 6", 'desc': "..."}]}) episode = db['dvds'].find_one({'episodes.title': "Episode 1"}, fields=['episodes']) in this example, episode is: {u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'episodes': [{u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 1'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 2'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 3'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 4'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 5'}, {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 6'}]} but i just want: {u'desc': u'...', u'title': u'Episode 1'}

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  • Name for build option (for "make install") specifying where to install web application

    - by Jakub Narebski
    I want to provide 'install' target for Makefile for web application. I'd like to be able to install it, for example like described below: $ make install \ xxxdir=/var/www/cgi-bin (similarly to how one would use 'bindir' for ordinary programs, and 'mandir' / 'infodir' for documentation). Is there any standard (similar to autotools 'bindir', 'sharedir', etc.) for the name of 'xxxdir' variable in above example? How do you think should such build configuration variable be named?

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  • How to allow for modular development while still running in same JVM?

    - by Marcus
    Our current app runs in a single JVM. We are now splitting up the app into separate logical services where each service runs in its own JVM. The split is being done to allow a single service to be modified and deployed without impacting the entire system. This reduces the need to QA the entire system - just need to QA the interaction with the service being changed. For interservice communication we use a combination of REST, an MQ system bus, and database views. What I don't like about this: REST means we have to marshal data to/from XML DB views couple the systems together which defeats the whole concept of separate services MQ / system bus is added complexity There is inevitably some code duplication between services You have set up n JBoss server configurations, we have to do n number of deployments, n number of set up scripts, etc, etc. Is there a better way to structure an internal application to allow modular development and deployment while allowing the app to run in a single JVM (and achieving the associated benefits)?

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  • Building a minimal plugin architecture in Python.

    - by dF
    I have an application, written in Python, which is used by a fairly technical audience (scientists). I'm looking for a good way to make the application extensible by the users, i.e. a scripting/plugin architecture. I am looking for something extremely lightweight. Most scripts, or plugins, are not going to be developed and distributed by a third-party and installed, but are going to be something whipped up by a user in a few minutes to automate a repeating task, add support for a file format, etc. So plugins should have the absolute minimum boilerplate code, and require no 'installation' other than copying to a folder (so something like setuptools entry points, or the Zope plugin architecture seems like too much.) Are there any systems like this already out there, or any projects that implement a similar scheme that I should look at for ideas / inspiration?

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  • How do you make life easier for yourself when developing a really large database

    - by Hannes de Jager
    I am busy developing 2 web based systems with MySql databases and the amount of tables/views/stored routines is really becoming a lot and it is more and more challenging to handle the complexity. Now in programming languages we have namespacing e.g. Java packages, C++ namespaces to partition the software, grouping it together to make things more understandable. Databases on the other hand have more of a flat structure (MySql at least) e.g. tables and stored procedures are on the same level. So one have to be more creative, creating naming conventions, perhaps use more than one database or using tools to visualize things. What methods do you use to ease the pain? To be effective while developing your databases? To not get lost in a sea of tables and fields and stored procs? Feel free to mention tools you use also, but try to restrict it to open source and preferably Linux solutions if thats OK. b.t.w How many tables would a database have to be considered large in terms of design?

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  • HMVC or PAC - how to handle shared abstractions/models?

    - by fig-gnuton
    In HMVC/PAC, what's the recommended way to code if two or more triads/agents share a common model/abstraction? Do you instantiate a new instance of that model wherever needed, and propogate a change in one to all the other instances via the controllers? Or do instantiate one model at some common upper level, and inject that instance wherever needed? (Or neither if I'm missing something fundamental about these patterns?)

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  • c# object initializer complexity. best practice

    - by Andrew Florko
    I was too excited when object initializer appeared in C#. MyClass a = new MyClass(); a.Field1 = Value1; a.Field2 = Value2; can be rewritten shorter: MyClass a = new MyClass { Field1 = Value1, Field2 = Value2 } Object initializer code is more obvious but when properties number come to dozen and some of the assignment deals with nullable values it's hard to debug where the "null reference error" is. Studio shows the whole object initializer as error point. Nowadays I use object initializer for straightforward assignment only for error-free properties. How do you use object initializer for complex assignment or it's a bad practice to use dozen of assigments at all? Thank you in advance!

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  • What is the best way to store site configuration data?

    - by DaveDev
    I have a question about storing site configuration data. We have a platform for web applications. The idea is that different clients can have their data hosted and displayed on their own site which sits on top of this platform. Each site has a configuration which determines which panels relevant to the client appear on which pages. The system was originally designed to keep all the configuration data for each site in a database. When the site is loaded all the configuration data is loaded into a SiteConfiguration object, and the clients panels are generated based on the content of this object. This works, but I find it very difficult to work with to apply change requests or add new sites because there is so much data to sift through and it's difficult maintain a mental model of the site and its configuration. Recently I've been tasked with developing a subset of some of the sites to be generated as PDF documents for printing. I decided to take a different approach to how I would define the configuration in that instead of storing configuration data in the database, I wrote XML files to contain the data. I find it much easier to work with because instead of reading meaningless rows of data which are related to other meaningless rows of data, I have meaningful documents with semantic, readable information with the relationships defined by visually understandable element nesting. So now with these 2 approaches to storing site configuration data, I'd like to get the opinions of people more experienced in dealing with this issue on dealing with these two approaches. What is the best way of storing site configuration data? Is there a better way than the two ways I outlined here? note: StackOverflow is telling me the question appears to be subjective and is likely to be closed. I'm not trying to be subjective. I'd like to know how best to approach this issue next time and if people with industry experience on this could provide some input.

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  • Fast read of certain bytes of multiple files in C/C++

    - by Alejandro Cámara
    I've been searching in the web about this question and although there are many similar questions about read/write in C/C++, I haven't found about this specific task. I want to be able to read from multiple files (256x256 files) only sizeof(double) bytes located in a certain position of each file. Right now my solution is, for each file: Open the file (read, binary mode): fstream fTest("current_file", ios_base::out | ios_base::binary); Seek the position I want to read: fTest.seekg(position*sizeof(test_value), ios_base::beg); Read the bytes: fTest.read((char *) &(output[i][j]), sizeof(test_value)); And close the file: fTest.close(); This takes about 350 ms to run inside a for{ for {} } structure with 256x256 iterations (one for each file). Q: Do you think there is a better way to implement this operation? How would you do it?

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  • Passing arguments and values from HTML to jQuery (events)

    - by Jaroslav Moravec
    What is the practice to pass arguments from HTML to jQuery events function. For example getting id of row from db: <tr class="jq_killMe" id="thisItemId-id"> ... </tr> and jQuery: $(".jq_killMe").click(function () { var tmp = $(this).attr('id).split("-"); var id = tmp[0] // ... } What's the best practise, if I want to pass more than one argument? Is it better not to use jQuery? For example: <tr onclick="killMe('id')"> ... </tr> I didn't find the answer on my question, I will be glad even for links. Thanks. Edit (pre solution) So you suggested two methods to do that: Add custom attributes to element (XHTML) Use attribute ID and parse it by regex Attribute data-* attributes in HTML5 Use hidden children elements I like first solution, but... I would like to (I have to (employer)) produce valid code. Here is a nice question and answers: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/994856/so-what-if-custom-html-attributes-arent-valid-xhtml And the second is not so pretty as the first, but valid. So the compromise is... The third is the solution for future, but here is a lot of CMS where we have to use XHTML or HTML4. (And HTML5 is the long process)

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  • Should I use IDisposable for purely managed resources?

    - by John Gietzen
    Here is the scenario: I have an object called a Transaction that needs to make sure that only one entity has permission to edit it at any given time. In order to facilitate a long-lived lock, I have the class generating a token object that can be used to make the edits. You would use it like this: var transaction = new Transaction(); using (var tlock = transaction.Lock()) { transaction.Update(data, tlock); } Now, I want the TransactionLock class to implement IDisposable so that its usage can be clear. But, I don't have any unmanaged resources to dispose. however, the TransctionLock object itself is a sort of "unmanaged resource" in the sense that the CLR doesn't know how to properly finalize it. All of this would be fine and dandy, I would just use IDisposable and be done with it. However, my issue comes when I try to do this in the finalizer: ~TransactionLock() { this.Dispose(false); } I want the finalizer to release the transaction from the lock, if possible. How, in the finalizer, do I detect if the parent transaction (this.transaction) has already been finalized? Is there a better pattern I should be using? The Transaction class looks something like this: public sealed class Transaction { private readonly object lockMutex = new object(); private TransactionLock currentLock; public TransactionLock Lock() { lock (this.lockMutex) { if (this.currentLock != null) throw new InvalidOperationException(/* ... */); this.currentLock = new TransactionLock(this); return this.currentLock; } } public void Update(object data, TransactionLock tlock) { lock (this.lockMutex) { this.ValidateLock(tlock); // ... } } internal void ValidateLock(TransactionLock tlock) { if (this.currentLock == null) throw new InvalidOperationException(/* ... */); if (this.currentLock != tlock) throw new InvalidOperationException(/* ... */); } internal void Unlock(TransactionLock tlock) { lock (this.lockMutex) { this.ValidateLock(tlock); this.currentLock = null; } } }

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  • Resetting Objects vs. Constructing New Objects

    - by byronh
    Is it considered better practice and/or more efficient to create a 'reset' function for a particular object that clears/defaults all the necessary member variables to allow for further operations, or to simply construct a new object from outside? I've seen both methods employed a lot, but I can't decide which one is better. Of course, for classes that represent database connections, you'd have to use a reset method rather than constructing a new one resulting in needless connecting/disconnecting, but I'm talking more in terms of abstraction classes. Can anyone give me some real-world examples of when to use each method? In my particular case I'm thinking mostly in terms of ORM or the Model in MVC. For example, if I would want to retrieve a bunch of database objects for display and modify them in one operation.

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  • Premature optimization is the root of all evil, but can it ever be too late?

    - by polygenelubricants
    "We should forget about small efficiencies, say about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil" So what is that 3% like? Can the avoidance of premature optimization ever be taken too extreme that it does more harm than good? Even if it's rare, has there been a case of a real measurable software engineering disaster due to complete negligence to optimize early in the process? Bonus question: is software engineering pretty much the only field that has such a counter intuitive principle regarding doing something earlier rather than later before things potentially become too big a problem to fix? Personal question: how do you justify something as premature optimization and not just a case of you being lazy/ignorant/dumb?

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  • What are Code Smells? What is the best way to correct them?

    - by Rob Cooper
    OK, so I know what a code smell is, and the Wikipedia Article is pretty clear in its definition: In computer programming, code smell is any symptom in the source code of a computer program that indicates something may be wrong. It generally indicates that the code should be refactored or the overall design should be reexamined. The term appears to have been coined by Kent Beck on WardsWiki. Usage of the term increased after it was featured in Refactoring. Improving the Design of Existing Code. I know it also provides a list of common code smells. But I thought it would be great if we could get clear list of not only what code smells there are, but also how to correct them. Some Rules Now, this is going to be a little subjective in that there are differences to languages, programming style etc. So lets lay down some ground rules: ** ONE SMELL PER ANSWER PLEASE! & ADVISE ON HOW TO CORRECT! ** See this answer for a good display of what this thread should be! DO NOT downmod if a smell doesn't apply to your language or development methodology We are all different. DO NOT just quickly smash in as many as you can think of Think about the smells you want to list and get a good idea down on how to work around. DO downmod answers that just look rushed For example "dupe code - remove dupe code". Let's makes it useful (e.g. Duplicate Code - Refactor into separate methods or even classes, use these links for help on these common.. etc. etc.). DO upmod answers that you would add yourself If you wish to expand, then answer with your thoughts linking to the original answer (if it's detailed) or comment if its a minor point. DO format your answers! Help others to be able to read it, use code snippets, headings and markup to make key points stand out!

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  • Is str.replace(..).replace(..) ad nauseam a standard idiom in Python?

    - by meeselet
    For instance, say I wanted a function to escape a string for use in HTML (as in Django's escape filter): def escape(string): """ Returns the given string with ampersands, quotes and angle brackets encoded. """ return string.replace('&', '&amp;').replace('<', '&lt;').replace('>', '&gt;').replace("'", '&#39;').replace('"', '&quot;') This works, but it gets ugly quickly and appears to have poor algorithmic performance (in this example, the string is repeatedly traversed 5 times). What would be better is something like this: def escape(string): """ Returns the given string with ampersands, quotes and angle brackets encoded. """ # Note that ampersands must be escaped first; the rest can be escaped in # any order. return replace_multi(string.replace('&', '&amp;'), {'<': '&lt;', '>': '&gt;', "'": '&#39;', '"': '&quot;'}) Does such a function exist, or is the standard Python idiom to use what I wrote before?

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  • Robust Large File Transfer with WCF

    - by Sharov
    I want to transfer big files (1GB) over unreliable transport channels. When connection is interrupted, I don't want start file transfering from the begining. I can partially store it in a temp table and store last readed position, so when connection is reestablished I can request continue uploading of file from this position. Is there any best-practice for such kind of things. I'm currently use chunking channel.

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  • Python's JSON module doesn't use __get__?

    - by Matt
    When I serialize a list of objects with a custom __get__ method, __get__ is not called and the raw (unprocessed by custom __get__) value from __set__ is used. How does Python's json module iterate over an item? Note: if I iterate over the list before serializing, the correct value returned by __get__ is used.

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  • WCF Best Practice for "Overloaded" methods

    - by Nate Bross
    What is the best practice for emulating overloaded methods over WCF? Typically I might write an interface like this interface IInterface { MyType ReadMyType(int id); IEnumerable<MyType> ReadMyType(String name); IEnumerable<MyType> ReadMyType(String name, int maxResults); } What would this interface look like after you converted it to WCF?

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  • What is the best way to identify which form has been submitted?

    - by Rupert
    Currently, when I design my forms, I like to keep the name of the submit button equal to the id of the form. Then, in my php, I just do if(isset($_POST['submitName'])) in order to check if a form has been submitted and which form has been submitted. Firstly, are there any security problems or design flaws with this method? One problem I have encountered is when I wish to overlay my forms with javascript in order to provide faster validation to the user. For example, whilst I obviously need to retain server side validation, it is more convenient for the user if an error message is displayed inline, upon blurring an input. Additionally, it would be good to provide entire form validation, upon clicking the submit button. Therefore, when the user clicks on the form's submit button, I am stopping the default action, doing my validation, and then attempting to renable the traditional submit functionality, if the validation passes. In order to do this, I am using the form.submit() method but, unfortunately, this doesn't send the submit button variable (as it should be as form.submit() can be called without any button being clicked). This means my PHP script fails to detect that the form has been submitted. What is the correct way to work around this? It seems like the standard solution is to add a hidden field into the form, upon passing validation, which has the name of form's id. Then when form.submit() is called, this is passed along in place of the submit button. However, this solution seems very ungraceful to me and so I am wondering whether I should: a) Use an alternative method to detect which form has been submitted which doesn't rely rely on passing the submit button. If so what alternative is there? Obviously, just having an extra hidden field from the start isn't any better. b) Use an alternative Javascript solution which allows me to retain my non-Javascript design. For example, is there an alternative to form.submit() which allows me to pass in extra data? c) Suck it up and just insert a hidden field using Javascript.

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  • Passing objects by reference or not in C#

    - by Piku
    Suppose I have a class like this: public class ThingManager { List<SomeClass> ItemList; public void AddToList (SomeClass Item) { ItemList.Add(Item); } public void ProcessListItems() { // go through list one item at a time, get item from list, // modify item according to class' purpose } } Assume "SomeClass" is a fairly large class containing methods and members that are quite complex (List<s and arrays, for example) and that there may be a large quantity of them, so not copying vast amounts of data around the program is important. Should the "AddToList" method have "ref" in it or not? And why? It's like trying to learn pointers in C all over again ;-) (which is probably why I am getting confused, I'm trying to relate these to pointers. In C it'd be "SomeClass *Item" and a list of "SomeClass *" variables)

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  • Is it OK to put link to SO questions in a program comments?

    - by WizardOfOdds
    In quite some codebase you can see comments stating things like: // Workaround for defect 'xxx', (See bug 1434594 on Sun's bugparade) So I've got a few questions, but they're all related. Is it OK to put link to SO questions in a program's comments: // We're now mapping from the "sorted-on column" to original indices. // // There's apparently no easy way to do this in Java, so we're // re-inventing a wheel. // // (see why here, in SO question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/951848) Do you do it? And what are the drawbacks in doing so? (see my first comment for a terrible drawback)

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  • Scrum metrics for quality

    - by zachary
    What is the best way to measure QA in scrum? We have members who typically test and they are measured against how many bugs they find. If they don't find any bugs then they are considered to be doing a bad job. However, it is my understanding that the developers and quality people are considered one in the same. I would think that they should be judged against the same metrics... not different metrics then the developers who may also be doing testing work... What is the best way to handle metrics for QA and should QA people have separate metrics from developers in scrum? Any documents or links someone can point me to in regards to this?

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