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  • Minimum vs Minimal vertex covers

    - by panicked
    I am studying for an exam and one of the sample questions is as follows: Vertex cover: a vertex cover in a graph is a set of vertices such that each edge has at least one of its two end points in this set. Minimum vertex cover: a MINIMUM vertex cover in a graph is a vertex cover that has the smallest number of vertices among all possible vertex covers. Minimal vertex cover a MINIMAL vertex cover in a graph is a vertex cover that does not contain another vertex cover (deleting any vertex from the set would create a set of vertices that is not a vertex cover) Question: A minimal vertex cover isn't always a minimum vertex cover. Demonstrate this with a simple example. Can anyone get their head around this? I am failing to see the distinction between the two. More importantly, I'm having a hard time visualizing it. I seriously hope he's not gonna ask odd questions like this one on the exam!

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  • lexers vs parsers

    - by Naveen
    Are lexers and parsers really that different in theory ? It seems fashionable to hate regular expressions: coding horror, another blog post. However, popular lexing based tools: pygments, geshi, or prettify, all use regular expressions. They seem to lex anything... When is lexing enough, when do you need EBNF ? Has anyone used the tokens produced by these lexers with bison or antlr parser generators?

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  • android mobile development performance vs extensibility

    - by mixm
    im developing a game in android, and i've been thinking about subdividing many of the elements of the game (e.g. game objects) into separate classes and sub-classes. but i know that method calls to these objects will cause some overhead. would it be better to improve performance or to improve extensibility?

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  • plist vs static array

    - by morticae
    Generally, I use static arrays and dictionaries for containing lookup tables in my classes. However, with the number of classes creeping quickly into the hundreds, I'm hesitant to continue using this pattern. Even if these static collections are initialized lazily, I've essentially got a bounded memory leak going on as someone uses my app. Most of these are arrays of strings so I can convert strings into NSInteger constants that can be used with switch statements, etc. I could just recreate the array/dictionary on every call, but many of these functions are used heavily and/or in tight loops. So I'm trying to come up with a pattern that is both performant and not persistent. If I store the information in a plist, does the iphoneOS do anything intelligent about caching those when loaded? Do you have another method that might be related?

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  • Biztalk vs API for databroker layer

    - by jdt199
    My company is about to undergo a large project in which our client wants a large customer portal with a cms, crm implementing. This will require interaction with data from multiple sources across our customers business, these sources include XML office backend systems, sql datbases, webservices etc. Our proposed solution would be to write an API in c# to provide a common interface with all these systems. This would be scalable for future and concurrent projects within the company. Our client expressed an interest in using Biztalk rather than a custom API for this integration, as they feel it is an enterprise solution that any of their suppliers could pick up and use, and it will be better supported. We feel that the configuration work using Biztalk would be rather heavy for all their custom business rules which are required and an interface for the new application to get data to and from Biztalk would still need to be written. Are we right to prefer a custom API solution above Biztalk? Would Biztalk be suitable as a databroker layer to provide an interface for the new Customer portal we are writing. We have not experience with using Biztalk before so any input would be appreciated.

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  • immutable strings vs std::string

    - by Caspin
    I've recent been reading about immutable strings, here and here as well some stuff about why D chose immutable strings. There seem to be many advantages. trivially thread safe more secure more memory efficient in most use cases. cheap substrings (tokenizing and slicing) Not to mention most new languages have immutable strings, D2.0, Java, C#, Python, Ruby, etc. Would C++ benefit from immutable strings? Is it possible to implement an immutable string class in c++ (or c++0x) that would have all of these advantages?

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  • Anonymous union definition/declaration in a macro GNU vs VS2008

    - by Alan_m
    I am attempting to alter an IAR specific header file for a lpc2138 so it can compile with Visual Studio 2008 (to enable compatible unit testing). My problem involves converting register definitions to be hardware independent (not at a memory address) The "IAR-safe macro" is: #define __IO_REG32_BIT(NAME, ADDRESS, ATTRIBUTE, BIT_STRUCT) \ volatile __no_init ATTRIBUTE union \ { \ unsigned long NAME; \ BIT_STRUCT NAME ## _bit; \ } @ ADDRESS //declaration //(where __gpio0_bits is a structure that names //each of the 32 bits as P0_0, P0_1, etc) __IO_REG32_BIT(IO0PIN,0xE0028000,__READ_WRITE,__gpio0_bits); //usage IO0PIN = 0x0xAA55AA55; IO0PIN_bit.P0_5 = 0; This is my comparable "hardware independent" code: #define __IO_REG32_BIT(NAME, BIT_STRUCT)\ volatile union \ { \ unsigned long NAME; \ BIT_STRUCT NAME##_bit; \ } NAME; //declaration __IO_REG32_BIT(IO0PIN,__gpio0_bits); //usage IO0PIN.IO0PIN = 0xAA55AA55; IO0PIN.IO0PIN_bit.P0_5 = 1; This compiles and works but quite obviously my "hardware independent" usage does not match the "IAR-safe" usage. How do I alter my macro so I can use IO0PIN the same way I do in IAR? I feel this is a simple anonymous union matter but multiple attempts and variants have proven unsuccessful. Maybe the IAR GNU compiler supports anonymous unions and vs2008 does not. Thank you.

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  • Load vs Get in Nhibernate

    - by Quintin Par
    The master page in my web application does authentication and loads up the user entity using a Get. After this whenever the user object is needed by the usercontrols or any other class I do a Load. Normally nhibernate is supposed to load the object from cache or return the persistent loaded object whenever Load of called. But this is not the behavior shown by my web application. NHprof always shows the sql whenever Load is called. How do I verify the correct behavior of Load? I use the S#arp architecture framework.

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  • Raudus vs ExtPascal

    - by user193655
    Delphi developers has several tools (several alternatives to ASP.NET) for building web applications. While No.1 framework is Intraweb, there is a lot of interest around ExtJS, that has 2 incarnations: 1) the opensource ExtPascal 2) the closedsource Raudus Now the products are different, Raudus never supports the latest ExtJS version (while ExtPascal does because as far as I read it "almost automatically updates itself to the latest ExJS version"), Raudus "seems" much RAD (much similar to Intraweb from the RAD point of view). Anyway why chose one or the other? Why Raudus since it is free cannot become Open Source?

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  • Entity Framework: Data Centric vs. Object Centric

    - by Eric J.
    I'm having a look at Entity Framework and everything I'm reading takes a data centric approach to explaining EF. By that I mean that the fundamental relationships of the system are first defined in the database and objects are generated that reflect those relationships. Examples Quickstart (Entity Framework) Using Entity Framework entities as business objects? The EF documentation implies that it's not necessary to start from the database layer, e.g. Developers can work with a consistent application object model that can be mapped to various storage schemas When designing a new system (simplified version), I tend to first create a class model, then generate business objects from the model, code business layer stuff that can't be generated, and then worry about persistence (or rather work with a DBA and let him worry about the most efficient persistence strategy). That object centric approach is well supported by ORM technologies such as (n)Hibernate. Is there a reasonable path to an object centric approach with EF? Will I be swimming upstream going that route? Any good starting points?

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  • XElement vs Dcitionary

    - by user135498
    Hi All, I need advice. I have application that imports 10,000 rows containing name & address from a text file into XElements that are subsequently added to a synchronized queue. When the import is complete the app spawns worker threads that process the XElements by deenqueuing them, making a database call, inserting the database output into the request document and inserting the processed document into an output queue. When all requests have been processed the output queue is written to disk as an XML doc. I used XElements for the requests because I needed the flexibility to add fields to the request during processing. i.e. Depending on the job type the app might require that it add phone number, date of birth or email address to a request based on a name/address match against a public record database. My questions is; The XElements seems to use quite a bit of memory and I know there is a lot of parsing as the document makes its way through the processing methods. I’m considering replacing the XElements with a Dictionary object but I’m skeptical the gain will be worth the effort. In essence it will accomplish the same thing. Thoughts?

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  • Scala - Enumeration vs. Case-Classes

    - by tzofia
    I've created akka actor called LogActor. The LogActors's receive method handling messages from other actors and logging them to the specified log level. I can distinguish between the different levels in 2 ways. The first one: import LogLevel._ object LogLevel extends Enumeration { type LogLevel = Value val Error, Warning, Info, Debug = Value } case class LogMessage(level : LogLevel, msg : String) The second: (EDIT) abstract class LogMessage(msg : String) case class LogMessageError(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) case class LogMessageWarning(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) case class LogMessageInfo(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) case class LogMessageDebug(msg : String) extends LogMessage(msg) Which way is more efficient? does it take less time to match case class or to match enum value? (I read this question but there isn't any answer referring to the runtime issue)

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  • What can we do to make Microsoft add IntelliTrace to VS 2010 Professional Edition?

    - by Ikaso
    Now that Microsoft has released VS 2010 I went to the product page here. To my amazement I found out that IntelliTrace(Historical Debugger) is supported only on the Ultimate Edition of VS 2010. This mean that you have to spend almost $4000 for renewal and almost $12000 for a new license. Does someone have any idea how can we change this decision? Especially make them add this feature to VS 2010 Professional Edition.

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  • How to implement web cache: internal fragmentation VS external fragmentation

    - by Summer_More_More_Tea
    Hi there: I come up with this question when play with Firefox web cache: in which approach does the browser cache a response in limited disk space(take my configuration as an example, 50MB is the upper bound)? I think two ways can be employed. One is cache the total response object one by one, but this is inefficient and will introduce external fragmentation, thus the total cache space may not be fully used. The second is take the total space(50MB) as a consecutive file, splitting it into fixed-length slots; incoming response objects will also be treated blocks of data with the same length as the slots. We can fill slots until the whole file is run out of, then some displacement algorithm can be used to swap out the old cached objects. The latter approach will of course bing in internal fragmentation, but in my opinion is easier to implement and maintain than the first strategy. But when I enter Firefox's Cache directory, I find it (maybe) use a different method: a lot of varied-length files reside in that directory and all those files are filled with undisplayable characters. I don't but really want to know what mechanism that a commercial browser, e.g. Firefoix, employed to implement web cache. Regards.

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  • KEY_ENTER vs '\n'?

    - by wrongusername
    When I'm using PDcurses and I try to have a while loop exit when the enter key is pressed with while(key != KEY_ENTER), the while loop never exits. However, when I try to have the same loop exit with while((char)key != '\n'), it exits successfully whenever I pressed enter. What's the difference?

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  • Oracle: '= ANY()' vs. 'IN ()'

    - by eidylon
    Hi all, I just stumbled upon something in ORACLE SQL (not sure if it's in others), that I am curious about. I am asking here as a wiki, since it's hard to try to search symbols in google... I just found that when checking a value against a set of values you can do WHERE x = ANY (a, b, c) As opposed to the usual WHERE x IN (a, b, c) So I'm curious, what is the reasoning for these two syntaxes? Is one standard and one some oddball Oracle syntax? Or are they both standard? And is there a preference of one over the other for performance reasons, or ? Just curious what anyone can tell me about that '= ANY' syntax. CheerZ!

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  • service.close() vs. service.abort() - WCF example

    - by Larry Watanabe
    In one of the WCF tutorials, I saw the followign sample code: Dim service as ...(a WCF service ) try .. service.close() catch ex as Exception() ... service.abort() end try Is this the correct way to ensure that resources (i.e. connections) are released even under error conditions? Thanks for the answers guys! I upvoted you all.

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  • Storing Templates and Object-Oriented vs Relational Databases

    - by syrion
    I'm designing some custom blog software, and have run into a conundrum regarding database design. The software requires that there be multiple content types, each of which will require different entry forms and presentation templates. My initial instinct is to create these content types as objects, then serialize them and store them in the database as JSON or YAML, with the entry forms and templates as simple strings attached to the "contentTypes" table. This seems cumbersome, however. Are there established best practices for dealing with this design? Is this a use case where I should consider an object database? If I should be using an object database, which should I consider? I am currently working in Python and would prefer a capable Python library, but can move to Java if need be.

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  • MS SQL Server BEGIN/END vs BEGIN TRANS/COMMIT/ROLLBACK

    - by Rich
    I have been trying to find info on the web about the differences between these statements, and it seems to me they are identical but I can't find confirmation of that or any kind of comparison between the two. What is the difference between doing this: BEGIN -- Some update, insert, set statements END and doing this BEGIN TRANS -- Some update, insert, set statements COMMIT TRANS ? Note that there is only the need to rollback in the case of some exception or timeout or other general failure, there would not be a conditional reason to rollback.

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