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  • When following SRP, how should I deal with validating and saving entities?

    - by Kristof Claes
    I've been reading Clean Code and various online articles about SOLID lately, and the more I read about it, the more I feel like I don't know anything. Let's say I'm building a web application using ASP.NET MVC 3. Let's say I have a UsersController with a Create action like this: public class UsersController : Controller { public ActionResult Create(CreateUserViewModel viewModel) { } } In that action method I want to save a user to the database if the data that was entered is valid. Now, according to the Single Responsibility Principle an object should have a single responsibility, and that responsibility should be entirely encapsulated by the class. All its services should be narrowly aligned with that responsibility. Since validation and saving to the database are two separate responsibilities, I guess I should create to separate class to handle them like this: public class UsersController : Controller { private ICreateUserValidator validator; private IUserService service; public UsersController(ICreateUserValidator validator, IUserService service) { this.validator = validator; this.service= service; } public ActionResult Create(CreateUserViewModel viewModel) { ValidationResult result = validator.IsValid(viewModel); if (result.IsValid) { service.CreateUser(viewModel); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } else { foreach (var errorMessage in result.ErrorMessages) { ModelState.AddModelError(String.Empty, errorMessage); } return View(viewModel); } } } That makes some sense to me, but I'm not at all sure that this is the right way to handle things like this. It is for example entirely possible to pass an invalid instance of CreateUserViewModel to the IUserService class. I know I could use the built in DataAnnotations, but what when they aren't enough? Image that my ICreateUserValidator checks the database to see if there already is another user with the same name... Another option is to let the IUserService take care of the validation like this: public class UserService : IUserService { private ICreateUserValidator validator; public UserService(ICreateUserValidator validator) { this.validator = validator; } public ValidationResult CreateUser(CreateUserViewModel viewModel) { var result = validator.IsValid(viewModel); if (result.IsValid) { // Save the user } return result; } } But I feel I'm violating the Single Responsibility Principle here. How should I deal with something like this?

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  • Liskov principle: violation by type-hinting

    - by Elias Van Ootegem
    According to the Liskov principle, a construction like the one below is invalid, as it strengthens a pre-condition. I know the example is pointless/nonsense, but when I last asked a question like this, and used a more elaborate code sample, it seemed to distract people too much from the actual question. //Data models abstract class Argument { protected $value = null; public function getValue() { return $this->value; } abstract public function setValue($val); } class Numeric extends Argument { public function setValue($val) { $this->value = $val + 0;//coerce to number return $this; } } //used here: abstract class Output { public function printValue(Argument $arg) { echo $this->format($arg); return $this; } abstract public function format(Argument $arg); } class OutputNumeric extends Output { public function format(Numeric $arg)//<-- VIOLATION! { $format = is_float($arg->getValue()) ? '%.3f' : '%d'; return sprintf($format, $arg->getValue()); } } My question is this: Why would this kind of "violation" be considered harmful? So much so that some languages, like the one I used in this example (PHP), don't even allow this? I'm not allowed to strengthen the type-hint of an abstract method but, by overriding the printValue method, I am allowed to write: class OutputNumeric extends Output { final public function printValue(Numeric $arg) { echo $this->format($arg); } public function format(Argument $arg) { $format = is_float($arg->getValue()) ? '%.3f' : '%d'; return sprintf($format, $arg->getValue()); } } But this would imply repeating myself for each and every child of Output, and makes my objects harder to reuse. I understand why the Liskov principle exists, don't get me wrong, but I find it somewhat difficult to fathom why the signature of an abstract method in an abstract class has to be adhered to so much stricter than a non-abstract method. Could someone explain to me why I'm not allowed to hind at a child class, in a child class? The way I see it, the child class OutputNumeric is a specific use-case of Output, and thus might need a specific instance of Argument, namely Numeric. Is it really so wrong of me to write code like this?

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  • Design: classes with same implementation but different method names

    - by Dror Helper
    I have multiple classes that have similar implementation for different named methods: class MyClassX { public int MyClassXIntMethod(){} public string MyClassXStringMethod(){} } class MyClassY { public int MyClassYIntMethod(){} public string MyClassYStringMethod(){} } the methods inside the classes have similar implementation but because the method's names are different (due to 3rd party constraints) i cannot use inheritance. I'm looking for an elegant solution that would be better than implementing the same functionality over and over again.

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  • Less than 50 Lines of Code to Create a Java Palette in NetBeans

    - by Geertjan
    Want to drag and drop Java code snippets into the palette, in the same way as can be done for HTML files? If so, create a new module and add a class with the content below and you're done. You'll be able to select a piece of Java code, drag it into the palette (Ctrl-Shift-8 to open it), where you'll be able to set a name, tooltip, and icons for the snippet, and then you'll be able to drag it out of the palette into any Java files you like. The palette content is persisted across restarts of the IDE. package org.netbeans.modules.javasourcefilepalette; import java.io.IOException; import javax.swing.Action; import org.netbeans.api.editor.mimelookup.MimeRegistration; import org.netbeans.spi.palette.DragAndDropHandler; import org.netbeans.spi.palette.PaletteActions; import org.netbeans.spi.palette.PaletteController; import org.netbeans.spi.palette.PaletteFactory; import org.openide.util.Exceptions; import org.openide.util.Lookup; import org.openide.util.datatransfer.ExTransferable; public class JavaSourceFileLayerPaletteFactory { private static PaletteController palette = null; @MimeRegistration(mimeType = "text/x-java", service = PaletteController.class) public static PaletteController createPalette() { try { if (null == palette) { return PaletteFactory.createPalette( //Folder: "JavaPalette", //Palette Actions: new PaletteActions() { @Override public Action[] getImportActions() {return null;} @Override public Action[] getCustomPaletteActions() {return null;} @Override public Action[] getCustomCategoryActions(Lookup lkp) {return null;} @Override public Action[] getCustomItemActions(Lookup lkp) {return null;} @Override public Action getPreferredAction(Lookup lkp) {return null;} }, //Palette Filter: null, //Drag and Drop Handler: new DragAndDropHandler(true) { @Override public void customize(ExTransferable et, Lookup lkp) {} }); } } catch (IOException ex) { Exceptions.printStackTrace(ex); } return null; } } In my layer file, I have this content: <folder name="JavaPalette"> <folder name="Snippets"/> </folder> That's all. Run the module. Open a Java source file and the palette will automatically open. Drag some code into the palette and a dialog will pop up asking for some details like display name and icons. Then the snippet will be in the palette and you'll be able to drag and drop it anywhere you like. Use the Palette Manager, which is automatically integrated, to add new categories and show/hide palette items. Related blog entry, for which the above is a big simplification: Drag/Drop Snippets into Palette .

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  • How do I make this rendering thread run together with the main one?

    - by funk
    I'm developing an Android game and need to show an animation of an exploding bomb. It's a spritesheet with 1 row and 13 different images. Each image should be displayed in sequence, 200 ms apart. There is one Thread running for the entire game: package com.android.testgame; import android.graphics.Canvas; public class GameLoopThread extends Thread { static final long FPS = 10; // 10 Frames per Second private final GameView view; private boolean running = false; public GameLoopThread(GameView view) { this.view = view; } public void setRunning(boolean run) { running = run; } @Override public void run() { long ticksPS = 1000 / FPS; long startTime; long sleepTime; while (running) { Canvas c = null; startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); try { c = view.getHolder().lockCanvas(); synchronized (view.getHolder()) { view.onDraw(c); } } finally { if (c != null) { view.getHolder().unlockCanvasAndPost(c); } } sleepTime = ticksPS - (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime); try { if (sleepTime > 0) { sleep(sleepTime); } else { sleep(10); } } catch (Exception e) {} } } } As far as I know I would have to create a second Thread for the bomb. package com.android.testgame; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Rect; public class Bomb { private final Bitmap bmp; private final int width; private final int height; private int currentFrame = 0; private static final int BMPROWS = 1; private static final int BMPCOLUMNS = 13; private int x = 0; private int y = 0; public Bomb(GameView gameView, Bitmap bmp) { this.width = bmp.getWidth() / BMPCOLUMNS; this.height = bmp.getHeight() / BMPROWS; this.bmp = bmp; x = 250; y = 250; } private void update() { currentFrame++; new BombThread().start(); } public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { update(); int srcX = currentFrame * width; int srcY = height; Rect src = new Rect(srcX, srcY, srcX + width, srcY + height); Rect dst = new Rect(x, y, x + width, y + height); canvas.drawBitmap(bmp, src, dst, null); } class BombThread extends Thread { @Override public void run() { try { sleep(200); } catch(InterruptedException e){ } } } } The Threads would then have to run simultaneously. How do I do this?

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  • libgdx arrays onTouch() method and delays for objects

    - by johnny-b
    i am trying to create random bullets but it is not working for some reason. also how can i make a delay so the bullets come every 30 seconds or 1 minute???? also the onTouch method does not work and it is not taking the bullet away???? shall i put the array in the GameRender class? thanks public class GameWorld { public static Ball ball; private Bullet bullet1; private ScrollHandler scroller; private Array<Bullet> bullets = new Array<Bullet>(); public GameWorld() { ball = new Ball(280, 273, 32, 32); bullet = new Bullet(-300, 200); scroller = new ScrollHandler(0); bullets.add(new Bullet(bullet.getX(), bullet.getY())); bullets = new Array<Bullet>(); Bullet bullet = null; float bulletX = 0.0f; float bulletY = 0.0f; for (int i=0; i < 10; i++) { bulletX = MathUtils.random(-10, 10); bulletY = MathUtils.random(-10, 10); bullet = new Bullet(bulletX, bulletY); bullets.add(bullet); } } public void update(float delta) { ball.update(delta); bullet.update(delta); scroller.update(delta); } public static Ball getBall() { return ball; } public ScrollHandler getScroller() { return scroller; } public Bullet getBullet1() { return bullet1; } } i also tried this and it is not working, i used this in the GameRender class Array<Bullet> enemies=new Array<Bullet>(); //in the constructor of the class enemies.add(new Bullet(bullet.getX(), bullet.getY())); // this throws an exception for some reason??? this is in the render method for(int i=0; i<bullet.size; i++) bullet.get(i).draw(batcher); //this i am using in any method that will allow me from the constructor to update to render for(int i=0; i<bullet.size; i++) bullet.get(i).update(delta); this is not taking the bullet out @Override public boolean touchDown(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) { for(int i=0; i<bullet.size; i++) if(bullet.get(i).getBounds().contains(screenX,screenY)) bullet.removeIndex(i--); return false; } thanks for the help anyone.

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  • How to implement smooth flocking

    - by Craig
    I'm working on a simple survival game, avoid the big guy and chase the the small guys to stay alive for as long as possible. I have taken the chase and evade example from MSDN create and drawn 20 mice on the screen. I want the small guys to flock when they arent evading. They are doing this, but it isnt as smooth as I would like it to be. How do i make the movement smoother? Its very jittery.# Below is what I have going at the moment, flocking code is within the IF statement, when it isnt set to evading. Any help would be greatly appreciated! :) namespace ChaseAndEvade { class MouseSprite { public enum MouseAiState { // evading the cat Evading, // the mouse can't see the "cat", and it's wandering around. Wander } // how fast can the mouse move? public float MaxMouseSpeed = 4.5f; // and how fast can it turn? public float MouseTurnSpeed = 0.20f; // MouseEvadeDistance controls the distance at which the mouse will flee from // cat. If the mouse is further than "MouseEvadeDistance" pixels away, he will // consider himself safe. public float MouseEvadeDistance = 100.0f; // this constant is similar to TankHysteresis. The value is larger than the // tank's hysteresis value because the mouse is faster than the tank: with a // higher velocity, small fluctuations are much more visible. public float MouseHysteresis = 60.0f; public Texture2D mouseTexture; public Vector2 mouseTextureCenter; public Vector2 mousePosition; public MouseAiState mouseState = MouseAiState.Wander; public float mouseOrientation; public Vector2 mouseWanderDirection; int separationImpact = 4; int cohesionImpact = 6; int alignmentImpact = 2; int sensorDistance = 50; public void UpdateMouse(Vector2 position, MouseSprite [] mice, int numberMice, int index) { Vector2 catPosition = position; int enemies = numberMice; // first, calculate how far away the mouse is from the cat, and use that // information to decide how to behave. If they are too close, the mouse // will switch to "active" mode - fleeing. if they are far apart, the mouse // will switch to "idle" mode, where it roams around the screen. // we use a hysteresis constant in the decision making process, as described // in the accompanying doc file. float distanceFromCat = Vector2.Distance(mousePosition, catPosition); // the cat is a safe distance away, so the mouse should idle: if (distanceFromCat > MouseEvadeDistance + MouseHysteresis) { mouseState = MouseAiState.Wander; } // the cat is too close; the mouse should run: else if (distanceFromCat < MouseEvadeDistance - MouseHysteresis) { mouseState = MouseAiState.Evading; } // if neither of those if blocks hit, we are in the "hysteresis" range, // and the mouse will continue doing whatever it is doing now. // the mouse will move at a different speed depending on what state it // is in. when idle it won't move at full speed, but when actively evading // it will move as fast as it can. this variable is used to track which // speed the mouse should be moving. float currentMouseSpeed; // the second step of the Update is to change the mouse's orientation based // on its current state. if (mouseState == MouseAiState.Evading) { // If the mouse is "active," it is trying to evade the cat. The evasion // behavior is accomplished by using the TurnToFace function to turn // towards a point on a straight line facing away from the cat. In other // words, if the cat is point A, and the mouse is point B, the "seek // point" is C. // C // B // A Vector2 seekPosition = 2 * mousePosition - catPosition; // Use the TurnToFace function, which we introduced in the AI Series 1: // Aiming sample, to turn the mouse towards the seekPosition. Now when // the mouse moves forward, it'll be trying to move in a straight line // away from the cat. mouseOrientation = ChaseAndEvadeGame.TurnToFace(mousePosition, seekPosition, mouseOrientation, MouseTurnSpeed); // set currentMouseSpeed to MaxMouseSpeed - the mouse should run as fast // as it can. currentMouseSpeed = MaxMouseSpeed; } else { // if the mouse isn't trying to evade the cat, it should just meander // around the screen. we'll use the Wander function, which the mouse and // tank share, to accomplish this. mouseWanderDirection and // mouseOrientation are passed by ref so that the wander function can // modify them. for more information on ref parameters, see // http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/14akc2c7(VS.80).aspx ChaseAndEvadeGame.Wander(mousePosition, ref mouseWanderDirection, ref mouseOrientation, MouseTurnSpeed); // if the mouse is wandering, it should only move at 25% of its maximum // speed. currentMouseSpeed = .25f * MaxMouseSpeed; Vector2 separate = Vector2.Zero; Vector2 moveCloser = Vector2.Zero; Vector2 moveAligned = Vector2.Zero; // What the AI does when it sees other AIs for (int j = 0; j < enemies; j++) { if (index != j) { // Calculate a vector towards another AI Vector2 separation = mice[index].mousePosition - mice[j].mousePosition; // Only react if other AI is within a certain distance if ((separation.Length() < this.sensorDistance) & (separation.Length()> 0) ) { moveAligned += mice[j].mouseWanderDirection; float distance = Math.Abs(separation.Length()); if (distance == 0) distance = 1; moveCloser += mice[j].mousePosition; separation.Normalize(); separate += separation / distance; } } } if (moveAligned.LengthSquared() != 0) { moveAligned.Normalize(); } if (moveCloser.LengthSquared() != 0) { moveCloser.Normalize(); } moveCloser /= enemies; mice[index].mousePosition += (separate * separationImpact) + (moveCloser * cohesionImpact) + (moveAligned * alignmentImpact); } // The final step is to move the mouse forward based on its current // orientation. First, we construct a "heading" vector from the orientation // angle. To do this, we'll use Cosine and Sine to tell us the x and y // components of the heading vector. See the accompanying doc for more // information. Vector2 heading = new Vector2( (float)Math.Cos(mouseOrientation), (float)Math.Sin(mouseOrientation)); // by multiplying the heading and speed, we can get a velocity vector. the // velocity vector is then added to the mouse's current position, moving him // forward. mousePosition += heading * currentMouseSpeed; } } }

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  • What layer to introduce human readable error messages?

    - by MrLane
    One of the things that I have never been happy with on any project I have worked on over the years and have really not been able to resolve myself is exactly at what tier in an application should human readable error information be retrieved for display to a user. A common approach that has worked well has been to return strongly typed/concrete "result objects" from the methods on the public surface of the business tier/API. A method on the interface may be: public ClearUserAccountsResult ClearUserAccounts(ClearUserAccountsParam param); And the result class implementation: public class ClearUserAccountsResult : IResult { public readonly List<Account> ClearedAccounts{get; set;} public readonly bool Success {get; set;} // Implements IResult public readonly string Message{get; set;} // Implements IResult, human readable // Constructor implemented here to set readonly properties... } This works great when the API needs to be exposed over WCF as the result object can be serialized. Again this is only done on the public surface of the API/business tier. The error message can also be looked up from the database, which means it can be changed and localized. However, it has always been suspect to me, this idea of returning human readable information from the business tier like this, partly because what constitutes the public surface of the API may change over time...and it may be the case that the API will need to be reused by other API components in the future that do not need the human readable string messages (and looking them up from a database would be an expensive waste). I am thinking a better approach is to keep the business objects free from such result objects and keep them simple and then retrieve human readable error strings somewhere closer to the UI layer or only in the UI itself, but I have two problems here: 1) The UI may be a remote client (Winforms/WPF/Silverlight) or an ASP.NET web application hosted on another server. In these cases the UI will have to fetch the error strings from the server. 2) Often there are multiple legitimate modes of failure. If the business tier becomes so vague and generic in the way it returns errors there may not be enough information exposed publicly to tell what the error actually was: i.e: if a method has 3 modes of legitimate failure but returns a boolean to indicate failure, you cannot work out what the appropriate message to display to the user should be. I have thought about using failure enums as a substitute, they can indicate a specific error that can be tested for and coded against. This is sometimes useful within the business tier itself as a way of passing via method returns the specifics of a failure rather than just a boolean, but it is not so good for serialization scenarios. Is there a well worn pattern for this? What do people think? Thanks.

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  • How do you handle objects that need custom behavior, and need to exist as an entity in the database?

    - by Scott Whitlock
    For a simple example, assume your application sends out notifications to users when various events happen. So in the database I might have the following tables: TABLE Event EventId uniqueidentifier EventName varchar TABLE User UserId uniqueidentifier Name varchar TABLE EventSubscription EventUserId EventId UserId The events themselves are generated by the program. So there are hard-coded points in the application where an event instance is generated, and it needs to notify all the subscribed users. So, the application itself doesn't edit the Event table, except during initial installation, and during an update where a new Event might be created. At some point, when an event is generated, the application needs to lookup the Event and get a list of Users. What's the best way to link the event in the source code to the event in the database? Option 1: Store the EventName in the program as a fixed constant, and look it up by name. Option 2: Store the EventId in the program as a static Guid, and look it up by ID. Extra Credit In other similar circumstances I may want to include custom behavior with the event type. That is, I'll want subclasses of my Event entity class with different behaviors, and when I lookup an event, I want it to return an instance of my subclass. For instance: class Event { public Guid Id { get; } public Guid EventName { get; } public ReadOnlyCollection<EventSubscription> EventSubscriptions { get; } public void NotifySubscribers() { foreach(var eventSubscription in EventSubscriptions) { eventSubscription.Notify(); } this.OnSubscribersNotified(); } public virtual void OnSubscribersNotified() {} } class WakingEvent : Event { private readonly IWaker waker; public WakingEvent(IWaker waker) { if(waker == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("waker"); this.waker = waker; } public override void OnSubscribersNotified() { this.waker.Wake(); base.OnSubscribersNotified(); } } So, that means I need to map WakingEvent to whatever key I'm using to look it up in the database. Let's say that's the EventId. Where do I store this relationship? Does it go in the event repository class? Should the WakingEvent know declare its own ID in a static member or method? ...and then, is this all backwards? If all events have a subclass, then instead of retrieving events by ID, should I be asking my repository for the WakingEvent like this: public T GetEvent<T>() where T : Event { ... // what goes here? ... } I can't be the first one to tackle this. What's the best practice?

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  • Nifty popup fails to register

    - by Snailer
    I'm new to Nifty GUI, so I'm following a tutorial here for making popups. For now, I'm just trying to get a very basic "test" popup to show, but I get multiple errors and none of them make much sense. To show a popup, I believe it is necessary to first have a Nifty Screen already showing, which I do. So here is the ScreenController for the working Nifty Screen: public class WorkingScreen extends AbstractAppState implements ScreenController { //Main is my jme SimpleApplication private Main app; private Nifty nifty; private Screen screen; public WorkingScreen() {} public void equip(String slotstr) { int slot = Integer.valueOf(slotstr); System.out.println("Equipping item in slot "+slot); //Here's where it STOPS working. app.getPlayer().registerPopupScreen(nifty); System.out.println("Registered new popup"); Element ele = nifty.createPopup(app.getPlayer().POPUP); System.out.println("popup is " +ele); nifty.showPopup(nifty.getCurrentScreen(), ele.getId(), null); } @Override public void initialize(AppStateManager stateManager, Application app) { super.initialize(stateManager, app); this.app = (Main)app; } @Override public void update(float tpf) { /** jME update loop! */ } public void bind(Nifty nifty, Screen screen) { this.nifty = nifty; this.screen = screen; } When I call equip(0) the system prints Equipping item in slot 0, then a lot of errors and none of the subsequent println()'s. Clearly it botches somewhere in Player.registerPopupScreen(Nifty nifty). Here's the method: public final String POPUP = "Test Popup"; public void registerPopupScreen(Nifty nifty) { System.out.println("Attempting new popup"); PopupBuilder b = new PopupBuilder(POPUP) {{ childLayoutCenter(); backgroundColor("#000a"); panel(new PanelBuilder() {{ id("List"); childLayoutCenter(); height(percentage(75)); width(percentage(50)); control(new ButtonBuilder("TestButton") {{ label("TestButton"); width("120px"); height("40px"); align(Align.Center); }}); }}); }}; System.out.println("PopupBuilder success."); b.registerPopup(nifty); System.out.println("Registerpopup success."); } Because that first println() doesn't show, it looks like this method isn't even called at all! Edit After removing all calls on the Player object, the popup works. It seems I'm not "allowed" to access the player from the ScreenController. Unfortunate, since I need information on the player for the popup. Is there a workaround?

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  • Create a kind of Interface c++ [migrated]

    - by Liuka
    I'm writing a little 2d rendering framework with managers for input and resources like textures and meshes (for 2d geometry models, like quads) and they are all contained in a class "engine" that interacts with them and with a directX class. So each class have some public methods like init or update. They are called by the engine class to render the resources, create them, but a lot of them should not be called by the user: //in pseudo c++ //the textures manager class class TManager { private: vector textures; .... public: init(); update(); renderTexture(); //called by the "engine class" loadtexture(); gettexture(); //called by the user } class Engine { private: Tmanager texManager; public: Init() { //initialize all the managers } Render(){...} Update(){...} Tmanager* GetTManager(){return &texManager;} //to get a pointer to the manager //if i want to create or get textures } In this way the user, calling Engine::GetTmanager will have access to all the public methods of Tmanager, including init update and rendertexture, that must be called only by Engine inside its init, render and update functions. So, is it a good idea to implement a user interface in the following way? //in pseudo c++ //the textures manager class class TManager { private: vector textures; .... public: init(); update(); renderTexture(); //called by the "engine class" friend class Tmanager_UserInterface; operator Tmanager_UserInterface*(){return reinterpret_cast<Tmanager_UserInterface*>(this)} } class Tmanager_UserInterface : private Tmanager { //delete constructor //in this class there will be only methods like: loadtexture(); gettexture(); } class Engine { private: Tmanager texManager; public: Init() Render() Update() Tmanager_UserInterface* GetTManager(){return texManager;} } //in main function //i need to load a texture //i always have access to Engine class engine-GetTmanger()-LoadTexture(...) //i can just access load and get texture; In this way i can implement several interface for each object, keeping visible only the functions i (and the user) will need. There are better ways to do the same?? Or is it just useless(i dont hide the "framework private functions" and the user will learn to dont call them)? Before i have used this method: class manager { public: //engine functions userfunction(); } class engine { private: manager m; public: init(){//call manager init function} manageruserfunciton() { //call manager::userfunction() } } in this way i have no access to the manager class but it's a bad way because if i add a new feature to the manager i need to add a new method in the engine class and it takes a lot of time. sorry for the bad english.

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  • Creating an object that is ready to be used & unset properties - with IoC

    - by GetFuzzy
    I have a question regarding the specifics of object creation and the usage of properties. A best practice is to put all the properties into a state such that the object is useful when its created. Object constructors help ensure that required dependencies are created. I've found myself following a pattern lately, and then questioning its appropriateness. The pattern looks like this... public class ThingProcesser { public List<Thing> CalculatedThings { get; set; } public ThingProcesser() { CalculatedThings = new List<Thing>(); } public double FindCertainThing() { CheckForException(); foreach (var thing in CalculatedThings) { //do some stuff with things... } } public double FindOtherThing() { CheckForException(); foreach (var thing in CalculatedThings) { //do some stuff with things... } } private void CheckForException() { if (CalculatedThings.Count < 2) throw new InvalidOperationException("Calculated things must have more than 2 items"); } } The list of items is not being changed, just looked through by the methods. There are several methods on the class, and to avoid having to pass the list of things to each function as a method parameter, I set it once on the class. While this works, does it violate the principle of least astonishment? Since starting to use IoC I find myself not sticking things into the constructor, to avoid having to use a factory pattern. For example, I can argue with myself and say well the ThingProcessor really needs a List to work, so the object should be constructed like this. public class ThingProcesser { public List<Thing> CalculatedThings { get; set; } public ThingProcesser(List<Thing> calculatedThings) { CalculatedThings = calculatedThings; } } However, if I did this, it would complicate things for IoC, and this scenario hardly seems appropriate for something like the factory pattern. So in summary, are there some good guidelines for when something should be part of the object state, vs. passed as a method parameter? When using IoC, is the factory pattern the best way to deal with objects that need created with state? If something has to be passed to multiple methods in a class, does that render it a good candidate to be part of the objects state?

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  • why client can not receive message from server (java) [migrated]

    - by user1745931
    I have just started learning java. I modified the client side code for a server/client communication program, by creating two threads for the client side, main thread for receiving user's input, and inputThread for receiving server's response. I am sure that server has sent the response to client, however, no response message is obtain at client. Here is my code. Can anyone help me to figure it out? Thanks package clientnio; import java.net.*; import java.nio.*; import java.io.*; import java.nio.channels.*; import java.util.Scanner; public class ClientNIO { public static int bufferLen = 50; public static SocketChannel client; public static ByteBuffer writeBuffer; public static ByteBuffer readBuffer; public static void main(String[] args) { writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(bufferLen); readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(bufferLen); try { SocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress("localhost",5505); System.out.println("Local address: "+ address); client=SocketChannel.open(address); client.configureBlocking(false); //readBuffer.flip(); new inputThread(readBuffer); /* String a="asdasdasdasddffasfas"; writeBuffer.put(a.getBytes()); writeBuffer.clear(); int d=client.write(writeBuffer); writeBuffer.flip(); */ while (true) { InputStream inStream = System.in; Scanner scan = new Scanner(inStream); if (scan.hasNext()==true) { String inputLine = scan.nextLine(); writeBuffer.put(inputLine.getBytes()); //writeBuffer.clear(); System.out.println(writeBuffer.remaining()); client.write(writeBuffer); System.out.println("Sending data: "+new String(writeBuffer.array())); writeBuffer.flip(); Thread.sleep(300); } } } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } } } class inputThread extends Thread { private ByteBuffer readBuffer; public inputThread(ByteBuffer readBuffer1) { System.out.println("Receiving thread starts."); this.readBuffer = readBuffer1; start(); } @Override public void run() { try { while (true) { readBuffer.flip(); int i=ClientNIO.client.read(readBuffer); if(i>0) { byte[] b=readBuffer.array(); System.out.println("Receiving data: "+new String(b)); //client.close(); //System.out.println("Connection closed."); //break; } Thread.sleep(100); } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } } }

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  • Multiple classes in a single .cs file - good or bad?

    - by Sergio
    Is it advisable to create multiple classes within a .cs file or should each .cs file have an individual class? For example: public class Items { public class Animal { } public class Person { } public class Object { } } Dodging the fact for a minute that this is a poor example of good architecture, is having more than a single class in a .cs file a code smell?

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  • Entity Framework 5, separating business logic from model - Repository?

    - by bnice7
    I am working on my first public-facing web application and I’m using MVC 4 for the presentation layer and EF 5 for the DAL. The database structure is locked, and there are moderate differences between how the user inputs data and how the database itself gets populated. I have done a ton of reading on the repository pattern (which I have never used) but most of my research is pushing me away from using it since it supposedly creates an unnecessary level of abstraction for the latest versions of EF since repositories and unit-of-work are already built-in. My initial approach is to simply create a separate set of classes for my business objects in the BLL that can act as an intermediary between my Controllers and the DAL. Here’s an example class: public class MyBuilding { public int Id { get; private set; } public string Name { get; set; } public string Notes { get; set; } private readonly Entities _context = new Entities(); // Is this thread safe? private static readonly int UserId = WebSecurity.GetCurrentUser().UserId; public IEnumerable<MyBuilding> GetList() { IEnumerable<MyBuilding> buildingList = from p in _context.BuildingInfo where p.Building.UserProfile.UserId == UserId select new MyBuilding {Id = p.BuildingId, Name = p.BuildingName, Notes = p.Building.Notes}; return buildingList; } public void Create() { var b = new Building {UserId = UserId, Notes = this.Notes}; _context.Building.Add(b); _context.SaveChanges(); // Set the building ID this.Id = b.BuildingId; // Seed 1-to-1 tables with reference the new building _context.BuildingInfo.Add(new BuildingInfo {Building = b}); _context.GeneralInfo.Add(new GeneralInfo {Building = b}); _context.LocationInfo.Add(new LocationInfo {Building = b}); _context.SaveChanges(); } public static MyBuilding Find(int id) { using (var context = new Entities()) // Is this OK to do in a static method? { var b = context.Building.FirstOrDefault(p => p.BuildingId == id && p.UserId == UserId); if (b == null) throw new Exception("Error: Building not found or user does not have access."); return new MyBuilding {Id = b.BuildingId, Name = b.BuildingInfo.BuildingName, Notes = b.Notes}; } } } My primary concern: Is the way I am instantiating my DbContext as a private property thread-safe, and is it safe to have a static method that instantiates a separate DbContext? Or am I approaching this all wrong? I am not opposed to learning up on the repository pattern if I am taking the total wrong approach here.

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  • Andengine. Put bullet to pool, when it leaves screen

    - by Ashot
    i'm creating a bullet with physics body. Bullet class (extends Sprite class) has die() method, which unregister physics connector, hide sprite and put it in pool public void die() { Log.d("bulletDie", "See you in hell!"); if (this.isVisible()) { this.setVisible(false); mPhysicsWorld.unregisterPhysicsConnector(physicsConnector); physicsConnector.setUpdatePosition(false); body.setActive(false); this.setIgnoreUpdate(true); bulletsPool.recyclePoolItem(this); } } in onUpdate method of PhysicsConnector i executes die method, when sprite leaves screen physicsConnector = new PhysicsConnector(this,body,true,false) { @Override public void onUpdate(final float pSecondsElapsed) { super.onUpdate(pSecondsElapsed); if (!camera.isRectangularShapeVisible(_bullet)) { Log.d("bulletDie","Dead?"); _bullet.die(); } } }; it works as i expected, but _bullet.die() executes TWICE. what i`m doing wrong and is it right way to hide sprites? here is full code of Bullet class (it is inner class of class that represents player) private class Bullet extends Sprite implements PhysicsConstants { private final Body body; private final PhysicsConnector physicsConnector; private final Bullet _bullet; private int id; public Bullet(float x, float y, ITextureRegion texture, VertexBufferObjectManager vertexBufferObjectManager) { super(x,y,texture,vertexBufferObjectManager); _bullet = this; id = bulletId++; body = PhysicsFactory.createCircleBody(mPhysicsWorld, this, BodyDef.BodyType.DynamicBody, bulletFixture); physicsConnector = new PhysicsConnector(this,body,true,false) { @Override public void onUpdate(final float pSecondsElapsed) { super.onUpdate(pSecondsElapsed); if (!camera.isRectangularShapeVisible(_bullet)) { Log.d("bulletDie","Dead?"); Log.d("bulletDie",id+""); _bullet.die(); } } }; mPhysicsWorld.registerPhysicsConnector(physicsConnector); $this.getParent().attachChild(this); } public void reset() { final float angle = canon.getRotation(); final float x = (float) ((Math.cos(MathUtils.degToRad(angle))*radius) + centerX) / PIXEL_TO_METER_RATIO_DEFAULT; final float y = (float) ((Math.sin(MathUtils.degToRad(angle))*radius) + centerY) / PIXEL_TO_METER_RATIO_DEFAULT; this.setVisible(true); this.setIgnoreUpdate(false); body.setActive(true); mPhysicsWorld.registerPhysicsConnector(physicsConnector); body.setTransform(new Vector2(x,y),0); } public Body getBody() { return body; } public void setLinearVelocity(Vector2 velocity) { body.setLinearVelocity(velocity); } public void die() { Log.d("bulletDie", "See you in hell!"); if (this.isVisible()) { this.setVisible(false); mPhysicsWorld.unregisterPhysicsConnector(physicsConnector); physicsConnector.setUpdatePosition(false); body.setActive(false); this.setIgnoreUpdate(true); bulletsPool.recyclePoolItem(this); } } }

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  • Is this a valid implementation of the repository pattern?

    - by user1578653
    I've been reading up about the repository pattern, with a view to implementing it in my own application. Almost all examples I've found on the internet use some kind of existing framework rather than showing how to implement it 'from scratch'. Here's my first thoughts of how I might implement it - I was wondering if anyone could advise me on whether this is correct? I have two tables, named CONTAINERS and BITS. Each CONTAINER can contain any number of BITs. I represent them as two classes: class Container{ private $bits; private $id; //...and a property for each column in the table... public function __construct(){ $this->bits = array(); } public function addBit($bit){ $this->bits[] = $bit; } //...getters and setters... } class Bit{ //some properties, methods etc... } Each class will have a property for each column in its respective table. I then have a couple of 'repositories' which handle things to do with saving/retrieving these objects from the database: //repository to control saving/retrieving Containers from the database class ContainerRepository{ //inject the bit repository for use later public function __construct($bitRepo){ $this->bitRepo = $bitRepo; } public function getById($id){ //talk directly to Oracle here to all column data into the object //get all the bits in the container $bits = $this->bitRepo->getByContainerId($id); foreach($bits as $bit){ $container->addBit($bit); } //return an instance of Container } public function persist($container){ //talk directly to Oracle here to save it to the database //if its ID is NULL, create a new container in database, otherwise update the existing one //use BitRepository to save each of the Bits inside the Container $bitRepo = $this->bitRepo; foreach($container->bits as $bit){ $bitRepo->persist($bit); } } } //repository to control saving/retrieving Bits from the database class BitRepository{ public function getById($id){} public function getByContainerId($containerId){} public function persist($bit){} } Therefore, the code I would use to get an instance of Container from the database would be: $bitRepo = new BitRepository(); $containerRepo = new ContainerRepository($bitRepo); $container = $containerRepo->getById($id); Or to create a new one and save to the database: $bitRepo = new BitRepository(); $containerRepo = new ContainerRepository($bitRepo); $container = new Container(); $container->setSomeProperty(1); $bit = new Bit(); $container->addBit($bit); $containerRepo->persist($container); Can someone advise me as to whether I have implemented this pattern correctly? Thanks!

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  • ??2???????·???·???????????????|Oracle Coherence|??????

    - by ???02
    ?????·???·??????????????????·???·???????????????????????????????????????????Oracle Coherence???????????????????????????????????????????????????????2???????put/get??????????·??????????????? RDBMS?????????·???????????????????????????????·???·???????????????????????????????????????(???3????????????????????????????????)????Coherence???????3????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????3:???????// ????????100????????????Filter filter = new EqualsFilter("getProductId", 100);// ????????????Set orders = orderCache.entrySet(filter); ????·??????????????·???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Java??????????Java?????·??????????????????????????????????(???4)???????????????????(???5)??????Coherence???????·??????????????MapEvent????????????????????????????????????????????????????4:???·???????// ????????????????????·???public class ProcessOrderListener implements MapListener {public void entryInserted(MapEvent event) { /* ????? */ }public void entryUpdated(MapEvent event) {}public void entryDeleted(MapEvent event) {}}???5:????????orderCache.addMapListener(new ProcessOrderListener()); ????????????????????????????????(????)????????????????????????????????????????????100??????????0.1???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Coherence????????????????????????????(???????)???????????·??????????Invocation?????????????(?4)?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Coherence??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·???·???????????·?????????????·????????????????123

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  • How to iptables forward ppp0 to eth0

    - by HPHPHP2012
    need your help with get it routing properly. I've server with eth0 (external interface) and eth1(internal interface). eth1 is merged into the bridge br0 (172.16.1.1) I've installed the pptp and successfully configured it, so I got ppp0 interface (192.168.91.1) and got my VPN clients successfully connected. So I need your help to manage how to allow my VPN clients use internet connection (eth0). Below my configuration files, any help is much appreciated! Thank you! P.S. VPN clients are Windows Xp, Windows 7, Mac OS X Lion, Ubuntu 12.04, iOS 5.x cat /etc/pptpd.conf #local server ip address localip 192.168.91.1 #remote addresses remoteip 192.168.91.11-254,192.168.91.10 #translating ip addresses on this interface bcrelay br0 cat /etc/ppp/pptpd-options name pptpd refuse-pap refuse-chap refuse-mschap require-mschap-v2 require-mppe-128 ms-dns 8.8.8.8 ms-dns 8.8.4.4 nodefaultroute lock nobsdcomp auth logfile /var/log/pptpd.log cat /etc/nat-up #!/bin/sh SERVER_IP="aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa" LOCAL_IP="172.16.1.1" #eth0 with public ip PUBLIC="eth0" #br0 is internal bridge on eth1 interface INTERNAL="br0" #vpn VPN="ppp0" #local LOCAL="lo" iptables -F iptables -X iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -t mangle -F iptables -t mangle -X iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -A INPUT -i $LOCAL -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW ! -i $PUBLIC -j ACCEPT ####CLEAR CONFIG#### #iptables -A FORWARD -i $PUBLIC -o $INTERNAL -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT #iptables -A FORWARD -i $PUBLIC -o $INTERNAL -j ACCEPT #iptables -A FORWARD -i $INTERNAL -o $PUBLIC -j ACCEPT #iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE ####THIS PART IS NOT HANDLING IT#### iptables -A FORWARD -i $PUBLIC -o $VPN -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i $PUBLIC -o $VPN -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -s 192.168.91.0/24 -o $PUBLIC -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.91.0/24 -o $PUBLIC -j MASQUERADE # VPN - PPTPD iptables -A INPUT -p gre -s 0/0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p gre -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 0/0 --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT #SSH iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2222 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 2222 -j ACCEPT #BLACKLIST BLOCKDB="/etc/ip.blocked" IPS=$(grep -Ev "^#" $BLOCKDB) for i in $IPS do iptables -A INPUT -s $i -j DROP iptables -A OUTPUT -d $i -j DROP done

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  • Cisco NAT vs Bridge vs BVI

    - by cjavapro
    The only devices on this particular LAN will all have public IP addresses. Also the public IP address will be configured directly on the machine,,, so we will not translate private/public IP addresses. If we use NAT,, we would have to translate the public IP on the WAN to the public IP on the LAN. The only security feature I expect on the gateway is an access list. I don't really know much about networking, so I am sorry if this question is generic.

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  • C# WCF Server retrieves 'List<T>' with 1 entry, but client doesn't receive it?! Please help Urgentl

    - by Neville
    Hi Everyone, I've been battling and trying to research this issue for over 2 days now with absolutely no luck. I am trying to retrieve a list of clients from the server (server using fluentNHibernate). The client object is as follow: [DataContract] //[KnownType(typeof(System.Collections.Generic.List<ContactPerson>))] //[KnownType(typeof(System.Collections.Generic.List<Address>))] //[KnownType(typeof(System.Collections.Generic.List<BatchRequest>))] //[KnownType(typeof(System.Collections.Generic.List<Discount>))] [KnownType(typeof(EClientType))] [KnownType(typeof(EComType))] public class Client { #region Properties [DataMember] public virtual int ClientID { get; set; } [DataMember] public virtual EClientType ClientType { get; set; } [DataMember] public virtual string RegisterID {get; set;} [DataMember] public virtual string HerdCode { get; set; } [DataMember] public virtual string CompanyName { get; set; } [DataMember] public virtual bool InvoicePerBatch { get; set; } [DataMember] public virtual EComType ResultsComType { get; set; } [DataMember] public virtual EComType InvoiceComType { get; set; } //[DataMember] //public virtual IList<ContactPerson> Contacts { get; set; } //[DataMember] //public virtual IList<Address> Addresses { get; set; } //[DataMember] //public virtual IList<BatchRequest> Batches { get; set; } //[DataMember] //public virtual IList<Discount> Discounts { get; set; } #endregion #region Overrides public override bool Equals(object obj) { var other = obj as Client; if (other == null) return false; return other.GetHashCode() == this.GetHashCode(); } public override int GetHashCode() { return ClientID.GetHashCode() | ClientType.GetHashCode() | RegisterID.GetHashCode() | HerdCode.GetHashCode() | CompanyName.GetHashCode() | InvoicePerBatch.GetHashCode() | ResultsComType.GetHashCode() | InvoiceComType.GetHashCode();// | Contacts.GetHashCode() | //Addresses.GetHashCode() | Batches.GetHashCode() | Discounts.GetHashCode(); } #endregion } As you can see, I have allready tried to remove the sub-lists, though even with this simplified version of the client I still run into the propblem. my fluent mapping is: public class ClientMap : ClassMap<Client> { public ClientMap() { Table("Clients"); Id(p => p.ClientID); Map(p => p.ClientType).CustomType<EClientType>(); ; Map(p => p.RegisterID); Map(p => p.HerdCode); Map(p => p.CompanyName); Map(p => p.InvoicePerBatch); Map(p => p.ResultsComType).CustomType<EComType>(); Map(p => p.InvoiceComType).CustomType<EComType>(); //HasMany<ContactPerson>(p => p.Contacts) // .KeyColumns.Add("ContactPersonID") // .Inverse() // .Cascade.All(); //HasMany<Address>(p => p.Addresses) // .KeyColumns.Add("AddressID") // .Inverse() // .Cascade.All(); //HasMany<BatchRequest>(p => p.Batches) // .KeyColumns.Add("BatchID") // .Inverse() // .Cascade.All(); //HasMany<Discount>(p => p.Discounts) // .KeyColumns.Add("DiscountID") // .Inverse() // .Cascade.All(); } The client method, seen below, connects to the server. The server retrieves the list, and everything looks right in the object, still, when it returns, the client doesn't receive anything (it receive a List object, but with nothing in it. Herewith the calling method: public List<s.Client> GetClientList() { try { s.DataServiceClient svcClient = new s.DataServiceClient(); svcClient.Open(); List<s.Client> clients = new List<s.Client>(); clients = svcClient.GetClientList().ToList<s.Client>(); svcClient.Close(); //when receiving focus from server, the clients object has a count of 0 return clients; } catch (Exception e) { MessageBox.Show(e.Message); } return null; } and the server method: public IList<Client> GetClientList() { var clients = new List<Client>(); try { using (var session = SessionHelper.OpenSession()) { clients = session.Linq<Client>().Where(p => p.ClientID > 0).ToList<Client>(); } } catch (Exception e) { EventLog.WriteEntry("eCOWS.Data", e.Message); } return clients; //returns a list with 1 client in it } the server method interface is: [UseNetDataContractSerializer] [OperationContract] IList<Client> GetClientList(); for final references, here is my client app.config entries: <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <netTcpBinding> <binding name="NetTcpBinding_IDataService" listenBacklog="10" maxConnections="10" transferMode="Buffered" transactionProtocol="OleTransactions" maxReceivedMessageSize="2147483647" maxBufferSize="2147483647" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:10:00"> <readerQuotas maxDepth="51200000" maxStringContentLength="51200000" maxArrayLength="51200000" maxBytesPerRead="51200000" maxNameTableCharCount="51200000" /> <security mode="Transport"/> </binding> </netTcpBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:9000/eCOWS/DataService" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="NetTcpBinding_IDataService" contract="eCowsDataService.IDataService" name="NetTcpBinding_IDataService" behaviorConfiguration="eCowsEndpointBehavior"> </endpoint> <endpoint address="MEX" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </client> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="eCowsEndpointBehavior"> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647"/> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel> and my server app.config: <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <netTcpBinding> <binding name="netTcpBinding" maxConnections="10" listenBacklog="10" transferMode="Buffered" transactionProtocol="OleTransactions" maxBufferSize="2147483647" maxReceivedMessageSize="2147483647" sendTimeout="00:10:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00"> <readerQuotas maxDepth="51200000" maxStringContentLength="51200000" maxArrayLength="51200000" maxBytesPerRead="51200000" maxNameTableCharCount="51200000" /> <security mode="Transport"/> </binding> </netTcpBinding> </bindings> <services> <service name="eCows.Data.Services.DataService" behaviorConfiguration="eCowsServiceBehavior"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:9001/eCOWS/" /> <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:9000/eCOWS/" /> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address="DataService" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="eCows.Data.Services.IDataService" behaviorConfiguration="eCowsEndpointBehaviour"> </endpoint> <endpoint address="MEX" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="eCowsEndpointBehaviour"> <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647" /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="eCowsServiceBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/> <serviceThrottling maxConcurrentCalls="10" maxConcurrentSessions="10"/> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" /> </behavior> <behavior name="MexBehaviour"> <serviceMetadata /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel> I use to run into "socket closed / network or timeout" errors, and the trace showed clearly that on the callback it was looking for a listening endpoint, but couldn't find one. Anyway, after adding the UseNetSerializer that error went away, yet now I'm just not getting anything. Oh PS. if I add all the commented out List items, I still retrieve an entry from the DB, but also still not receive anything on the client. if I remove the [UseNetDataContractSerializer] I get the following error(s) in the svclog : WARNING: Description Faulted System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServerSessionPreambleConnectionReader+ServerFramingDuplexSessionChannel WARNING: Description Faulted System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel ERROR: Initializing[eCows.Data.Models.Client#3]-failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: eCows.Data.Models.Client.Addresses, no session or session was closed ... ERROR: Could not find default endpoint element that references contract 'ILogbookManager' in the ServiceModel client configuration section. This might be because no configuration file was found for your application, or because no endpoint element matching this contract could be found in the client element. If I add a .Not.LazyLoad to the List mapping items, I'm back at not receiving errors, but also not receiving any client information.. Sigh! Please, if anyone can help with this I'd be extremely grateful. I'm probably just missing something small.. but... what is it :) hehe. Thanks in advance! Neville

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  • how to solve the error in GWT ?

    - by megala
    I created one GWT project in eclipse.It contained the following codings Program 1:Creategroup package com.crimson.creategroup; import javax.persistence.Basic; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import com.google.appengine.api.datastore.Key; import com.google.appengine.api.users.User; @Entity(name="CreateGroup") public class Creategroup { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Key key; @Basic private User author; @Basic private String groupname; @Basic private String groupid; @Basic private String groupdesc; @Basic private String emailper; public Key getKey() { return key; } public void setAuthor(User author) { this.author = author; } public User getAuthor() { return author; } public void setGroupname(String groupname) { this.groupname = groupname; } public String getGroupname() { return groupname; } public void setGroupid(String groupid) { this.groupid = groupid; } public String getGroupid() { return groupid; } public void setGroupdesc(String groupdesc) { this.groupdesc = groupdesc; } public String getGroupdesc() { return groupdesc; } public void setEmailper(String emailper) { this.emailper = emailper; } public String getEmailper() { return emailper; } public Creategroup(String groupname,String groupid,String groupdesc ,String emailper) { this.groupname = groupname; this.groupid = groupid; this.groupdesc = groupdesc; this.emailper=emailper; } } Program 2:Creategroupservlet package com.crimson.creategroup; import java.io.IOException; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.google.appengine.api.users.User; import com.google.appengine.api.users.UserService; import com.google.appengine.api.users.UserServiceFactory; import java.util.logging.Logger; public class Creategroupservlet extends HttpServlet{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Creategroupservlet.class.getName()); public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException { UserService userService = UserServiceFactory.getUserService(); User user = userService.getCurrentUser(); String groupname=req.getParameter("gname"); String groupid=req.getParameter("groupdesc"); String groupdesc=req.getParameter("gdesc"); String email=req.getParameter("eperm"); if (groupname == null) { System.out.println("Complete all the details"); } if (user != null) { log.info("Greeting posted by user " + user.getNickname() + "\n " + groupname+"\n" + groupid + "\n" + groupdesc + "\n" + email); final EntityManager em = EMF.get(); try { Creategroup group = new Creategroup(groupname,groupid,groupdesc,email); em.persist(group); } finally { em.close(); } } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("anonymous posts not permitted!"); } resp.sendRedirect("/group.jsp"); } } Program 3:EMF package com.crimson.creategroup; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory; import javax.persistence.Persistence; public class EMF { private static final EntityManagerFactory emfInstance = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("transactions-optional"); private EMF() { } public static EntityManager get() { return emfInstance.createEntityManager(); } } Program 4:index.jsp <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@ page import="com.google.appengine.api.users.User" %> <%@ page import="com.google.appengine.api.users.UserService" %> <%@ page import="com.google.appengine.api.users.UserServiceFactory" %> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="Group.css"> <title>Add Group into DataStore</title> </head> <body> <div id="nav"> <% UserService userService = UserServiceFactory.getUserService(); User user = userService.getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { response.sendRedirect("/group.jsp"); %> <% } else { %> <a href="<%= userService.createLoginURL(request.getRequestURI()) %>">Sign in</a> <% } %> </div> <h1>Create Group</h1> <table> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"> This demo uses secured resources, so you need to be logged into your Gmail account.</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html> program 5:group.jsp <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@ page import="java.util.List" %> <%@ page import="javax.persistence.EntityManager" %> <%@ page import="com.google.appengine.api.users.User" %> <%@ page import="com.google.appengine.api.users.UserService" %> <%@ page import="com.google.appengine.api.users.UserServiceFactory" %> <%@ page import="com.crimson.creategroup.Creategroup" %> <%@ page import="com.crimson.creategroup.EMF" %> <html> <body> <% UserService userService = UserServiceFactory.getUserService(); User user = userService.getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { %> <p>Hello, <%= user.getNickname() %>! (You can <a href="<%= userService.createLogoutURL(request.getRequestURI()) %>">sign out</a>.)</p> <% } else { response.sendRedirect("/index.jsp"); } %> <% final EntityManager em = EMF.get(); try { String query = "select from " + Creategroup.class.getName(); List<Creategroup> groups = (List<Creategroup>) em.createQuery(query).getResultList(); if (groups.isEmpty()) { %> <p>This table not having any group</p> <% } else { for (Creategroup g : groups) { %> <p><b><%= g.getAuthor().getNickname() %></b> wrote:</p> <blockquote><%= g. getGroupname() %></blockquote> <blockquote><%= g. getGroupid() %></blockquote> <blockquote><%= g. getGroupdesc() %></blockquote> <blockquote><%= g. getEmailper() %></blockquote> <% } } } finally { em.close(); } %> <form action="/sign" method="post"> <input type="text" name="Groupname" size="25"> <input type="text" name="Groupid" size="25"> <input type="text" name="Groupdesc" size="250"> <input type="text" name="Emaildesc" size="25"> <div><input type="submit" value="CREATE GROUP" /></div> </form> </body> </html> Program 6:Web.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd"> <web-app> <!-- Servlets --> <servlet> <servlet-name>Creategroupservlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.crimson.creategroup.Creategroupservlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Creategroupservlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>sign in</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- Default page to serve --> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app> Program 7:persistence.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0"> <persistence-unit name="transactions-optional"> <provider>org.datanucleus.store.appengine.jpa.DatastorePersistenceProvider</provider> <properties> <property name="datanucleus.NontransactionalRead" value="true"/> <property name="datanucleus.NontransactionalWrite" value="true"/> <property name="datanucleus.ConnectionURL" value="appengine"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence but is shows the following error Missing required argument 'module[s]' Google Web Toolkit 2.0.0 DevMode [-noserver] [-port port-number | "auto"] [-whitelist whitelist-string] [-blacklist blacklist-string] [-logdir directory] [-logLevel level] [-gen dir] [-codeServerPort port-number | "auto"] [-server servletContainerLauncher] [-startupUrl url] [-war dir] [-extra dir] [-workDir dir] module[s] How to solve this thanks in advance?

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  • Model value not being set on return from View to Controller

    - by sagesky36
    I have a boolean model variable who's value is supposed to be set to TRUE in order to perform a process on return back into the Controller. It works absolutely fine on my local machine, but not on the remote web server. Can somebody PLEASE inform me what I am missing? Below is the "proof of the pudding": The boolean value in quesion is "ShouldGeneratePdf"; MODEL: namespace PDFConverterModel.ViewModels { public partial class ViewModelTemplate_Guarantors { public ViewModelTemplate_Guarantors() { Templates = new List<PDFTemplate>(); Guarantors = new List<tGuarantor>(); } public int SelectedTemplateId { get; set; } public List<PDFTemplate> Templates { get; set; } public int SelectedGuarantorId { get; set; } public List<tGuarantor> Guarantors { get; set; } public string LoanId { get; set; } public string DepartmentId { get; set; } public bool isRepeat { get; set; } public string ddlDept { get; set; } public string SelectedDeptText { get; set; } public string LoanTypeId { get; set; } public string LoanType { get; set; } public string Error { get; set; } public string ErrorT { get; set; } public string ErrorG { get; set; } public bool ShowGeneratePDFBtn { get; set; } public bool ShouldGeneratePdf { get; set; } } } MasterPage: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>@ViewBag.Title</title> <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/Site.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/kendo/2012.2.913/kendo.common.min.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/kendo/2012.2.913/kendo.dataviz.min.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/kendo/2012.2.913/kendo.blueopal.min.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.7.1.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/modernizr-2.5.3.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/kendo/2012.2.913/kendo.all.min.js")"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/kendo/2012.2.913/kendo.aspnetmvc.min.js")"></script> </head> <body> <div class="page"> <header> <div id="title"> <h1>BHG :: PDF Service Generator</h1> </div> </header> <section id="main"> @RenderBody() </section> <footer> </footer> </div> </body> </html> View: @model PDFConverterModel.ViewModels.ViewModelTemplate_Guarantors @using (Html.BeginForm("ProcessForm", "Home", new AjaxOptions { HttpMethod = "POST" })) { <table style="width: 1000px"> @Html.HiddenFor(x => x.ShouldGeneratePdf) <tr> <td> <img alt="BHG Logo" src="~/Images/logo.gif" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> @(Html.Kendo().IntegerTextBox() .Placeholder("Enter Loan Id") .Name("LoanId") .Format("{0:#######}") .Value(Convert.ToInt32(Model.LoanId)) ) </td> </tr> <tr> <td>@Html.Label("Loan Type: ") @Html.DisplayFor(model => Model.LoanType) </td> <td> <label for="ddlDept">Department:</label> @(Html.Kendo().DropDownListFor(model => Model.ddlDept) .Name("ddlDept") .DataTextField("DepartmentName") .DataValueField("DepartmentID") .Events(e => e.Change("Refresh")) .DataSource(source => { source.Read(read => { read.Action("GetDepartments", "Home"); }); }) .Value(Model.ddlDept.ToString()) ) </td> </tr> @if (Model.ShowGeneratePDFBtn == true) { if (Model.ErrorT == string.Empty) { <tr> <td> <u><b>@Html.Label("Templates:")</b></u> </td> </tr> <tr> @for (int i = 0; i < Model.Templates.Count; i++) { <td> @Html.CheckBoxFor(model => Model.Templates[i].IsChecked) @Html.DisplayFor(model => Model.Templates[i].TemplateId) </td> } </tr> } else { <tr> <td> <b>@Html.DisplayFor(model => Model.ErrorT)</b> </td> </tr> } if (Model.ErrorG == string.Empty) { <tr> <td> <u><b>@Html.Label("Guarantors:")</b></u> </td> </tr> <tr> @for (int i = 0; i < Model.Guarantors.Count; i++) { <td> @Html.CheckBoxFor(model => Model.Guarantors[i].isChecked) @Html.DisplayFor(model => Model.Guarantors[i].GuarantorFirstName)&nbsp;@Html.DisplayFor(model => Model.Guarantors[i].GuarantorLastName) </td> } </tr> } else { <tr> <td> <b>@Html.DisplayFor(model => Model.ErrorG)</b> </td> </tr> } } <tr> <td> <input type="submit" name="submitbutton" id="btnRefresh" value='Refresh' /> </td> @if (Model.ShowGeneratePDFBtn == true) { <td> <input type="submit" name="submitbutton" id="btnGeneratePDF" value='Generate PDF' /> </td> } </tr> <tr> <td style="color: red; font: bold"> @Model.Error </td> </tr> </table> } <script type="text/javascript"> $('#btnRefresh').click(function () { Refresh(); }); function Refresh() { var LoanID = $("#LoanID").val(); if (parseInt(LoanID) != 0) { $('#ShouldGeneratePdf').val(false) document.forms[0].submit(); } else { alert("Please enter a LoanId"); } } //$(function () { // //DOM loaded // $('#btnGeneratePDF').click(function () { // DisableGeneratePDF(); // $('#ShouldGeneratePdf').val(true) // }); //}); //function DisableGeneratePDF() { // $('#btnGeneratePDF').attr("disabled", true); // $('#btnRefresh').attr("disabled", true); //} $('#btnGeneratePDF').click(function () { alert("inside click function"); DisableGeneratePDF(); $('#ShouldGeneratePdf').val(true) tof = $('#ShouldGeneratePdf').val(); alert("ShouldGeneratePdf set to " + tof); }); function DisableGeneratePDF() { alert("begin DisableGeneratePDF function"); $('#btnGeneratePDF').attr("disabled", true); $('#btnRefresh').attr("disabled", true); alert("end DisableGeneratePDF function"); } </script> Controller: [HttpPost] public ActionResult ProcessForm(string submitbutton, ViewModelTemplate_Guarantors model, FormCollection collection) if ((submitbutton == "Refresh") || (submitbutton == null) && (model.ShouldGeneratePdf == false)) { } else if ((submitbutton == "Generate PDF") || (model.ShouldGeneratePdf == true)) { } The "Alerts" in the script above come out to exactly what they should be on the remote server. The last alert shows that the value of the bool variable is "true". However, when I do page source views of the hidden variable, below is the result. The values of the hidden variable when the page loads and when the last alert button finishes are as follows: My local machine: The remote machine: As you can see, the value on my machine is set to true when the process executes. However, on the remote machine, it is set to false where it then doesn't excute. Why isn't the value in the model being returned as TRUE on the remote machine?

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  • Hibernate Exception, what wrong ? [[Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.InvalidMappingException

    - by user195970
    I use netbean 6.7.1 to write "hello world" witch hibernate, but I get some errors, plz help me, thank you very much. my exception init: deps-module-jar: deps-ear-jar: deps-jar: Copying 1 file to F:\Documents and Settings\My Dropbox\DropboxNetBeanProjects\loginspring\build\web\WEB-INF\classes compile-single: run-main: Oct 25, 2009 2:44:05 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit> INFO: Hibernate 3.2.5 Oct 25, 2009 2:44:05 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit> INFO: hibernate.properties not found Oct 25, 2009 2:44:05 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider INFO: Bytecode provider name : cglib Oct 25, 2009 2:44:05 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit> INFO: using JDK 1.4 java.sql.Timestamp handling Oct 25, 2009 2:44:05 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration configure INFO: configuring from resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml Oct 25, 2009 2:44:05 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration getConfigurationInputStream INFO: Configuration resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml Oct 25, 2009 2:44:06 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource INFO: Reading mappings from resource : hibernate/Tbluser.hbm.xml Oct 25, 2009 2:44:06 AM org.hibernate.util.XMLHelper$ErrorLogger error SEVERE: Error parsing XML: XML InputStream(1) Document is invalid: no grammar found. Oct 25, 2009 2:44:06 AM org.hibernate.util.XMLHelper$ErrorLogger error SEVERE: Error parsing XML: XML InputStream(1) Document root element "hibernate-mapping", must match DOCTYPE root "null". Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.InvalidMappingException: Could not parse mapping document from resource hibernate/Tbluser.hbm.xml at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.addResource(Configuration.java:569) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.parseMappingElement(Configuration.java:1587) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.parseSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1555) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:1534) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:1508) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:1428) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:1414) at hibernate.CreateTest.main(CreateTest.java:22) Caused by: org.hibernate.InvalidMappingException: Could not parse mapping document from invalid mapping at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.addInputStream(Configuration.java:502) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.addResource(Configuration.java:566) ... 7 more Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Document is invalid: no grammar found. at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:195) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:131) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:384) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:318) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:250) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:626) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3095) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:921) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:648) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:140) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:510) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:807) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:737) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:107) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1205) at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:522) at org.dom4j.io.SAXReader.read(SAXReader.java:465) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.addInputStream(Configuration.java:499) ... 8 more Java Result: 1 BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 1 second) hibernate.cfg.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration> Tbluser.hbm.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <!-- Generated Oct 25, 2009 2:37:30 AM by Hibernate Tools 3.2.1.GA --> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="hibernate.Tbluser" table="tbluser" catalog="hibernate"> <id name="userId" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="userID" /> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="username" type="string"> <column name="username" length="50" /> </property> <property name="password" type="string"> <column name="password" length="50" /> </property> <property name="email" type="string"> <column name="email" length="50" /> </property> <property name="phone" type="string"> <column name="phone" length="50" /> </property> <property name="groupId" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="groupID" /> </property> </class> </hibernate-mapping> Tbluser.java package hibernate; // Generated Oct 25, 2009 2:37:30 AM by Hibernate Tools 3.2.1.GA /** * Tbluser generated by hbm2java */ public class Tbluser implements java.io.Serializable { private Integer userId; private String username; private String password; private String email; private String phone; private Integer groupId; public Tbluser() { } public Tbluser(String username, String password, String email, String phone, Integer groupId) { this.username = username; this.password = password; this.email = email; this.phone = phone; this.groupId = groupId; } public Integer getUserId() { return this.userId; } public void setUserId(Integer userId) { this.userId = userId; } public String getUsername() { return this.username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return this.password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getEmail() { return this.email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getPhone() { return this.phone; } public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; } public Integer getGroupId() { return this.groupId; } public void setGroupId(Integer groupId) { this.groupId = groupId; } }

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  • InternalsVisibleTo attribute and security vulnerability

    - by Sergey Litvinov
    I found one issue with InternalsVisibleTo attribute usage. The idea of InternalsVisibleTo attribute to allow some other assemblies to use internal classes\methods of this assembly. To make it work you need sign your assemblies. So, if other assemblies isn't specified in main assembly and if they have incorrect public key, then they can't use Internal members. But the issue in Reflection Emit type generation. For example, we have CorpLibrary1 assembly and it has such class: public class TestApi { internal virtual void DoSomething() { Console.WriteLine("Base DoSomething"); } public void DoApiTest() { // some internal logic // ... // call internal method DoSomething(); } } This assembly is marked with such attribute to allow another CorpLibrary2 to make inheritor for that TestAPI and override behaviour of DoSomething method. [assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("CorpLibrary2, PublicKey=0024000004800000940000000602000000240000525341310004000001000100434D9C5E1F9055BF7970B0C106AAA447271ECE0F8FC56F6AF3A906353F0B848A8346DC13C42A6530B4ED2E6CB8A1E56278E664E61C0D633A6F58643A7B8448CB0B15E31218FB8FE17F63906D3BF7E20B9D1A9F7B1C8CD11877C0AF079D454C21F24D5A85A8765395E5CC5252F0BE85CFEB65896EC69FCC75201E09795AAA07D0")] The issue is that I'm able to override this internal DoSomething method and break class logic. My steps to do it: Generate new assembly in runtime via AssemblyBuilder Get AssemblyName from CorpLibrary1 and copy PublikKey to new assembly Generate new assembly that will inherit TestApi class As PublicKey and name of generated assembly is the same as in InternalsVisibleTo, then we can generate new DoSomething method that will override internal method in TestAPI assembly Then we have another assembly that isn't related to this CorpLibrary1 and can't use internal members. We have such test code in it: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var builder = new FakeBuilder(InjectBadCode, "DoSomething", true); TestApi fakeType = builder.CreateFake(); fakeType.DoApiTest(); // it will display: // Inject bad code // Base DoSomething Console.ReadLine(); } public static void InjectBadCode() { Console.WriteLine("Inject bad code"); } } And this FakeBuilder class has such code: /// /// Builder that will generate inheritor for specified assembly and will overload specified internal virtual method /// /// Target type public class FakeBuilder { private readonly Action _callback; private readonly Type _targetType; private readonly string _targetMethodName; private readonly string _slotName; private readonly bool _callBaseMethod; public FakeBuilder(Action callback, string targetMethodName, bool callBaseMethod) { int randomId = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks).Next(); _slotName = string.Format("FakeSlot_{0}", randomId); _callback = callback; _targetType = typeof(TFakeType); _targetMethodName = targetMethodName; _callBaseMethod = callBaseMethod; } public TFakeType CreateFake() { // as CorpLibrary1 can't use code from unreferences assemblies, we need to store this Action somewhere. // And Thread is not bad place for that. It's not the best place as it won't work in multithread application, but it's just a sample LocalDataStoreSlot slot = Thread.AllocateNamedDataSlot(_slotName); Thread.SetData(slot, _callback); // then we generate new assembly with the same nameand public key as target assembly trusts by InternalsVisibleTo attribute var newTypeName = _targetType.Name + "Fake"; var targetAssembly = Assembly.GetAssembly(_targetType); AssemblyName an = new AssemblyName(); an.Name = GetFakeAssemblyName(targetAssembly); // copying public key to new generated assembly var assemblyName = targetAssembly.GetName(); an.SetPublicKey(assemblyName.GetPublicKey()); an.SetPublicKeyToken(assemblyName.GetPublicKeyToken()); AssemblyBuilder assemblyBuilder = Thread.GetDomain().DefineDynamicAssembly(an, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave); ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder = assemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule(assemblyBuilder.GetName().Name, true); // create inheritor for specified type TypeBuilder typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(newTypeName, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class, _targetType); // LambdaExpression.CompileToMethod can be used only with static methods, so we need to create another method that will call our Inject method // we can do the same via ILGenerator, but expression trees are more easy to use MethodInfo methodInfo = CreateMethodInfo(moduleBuilder); MethodBuilder methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(_targetMethodName, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual); ILGenerator ilGenerator = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator(); // call our static method that will call inject method ilGenerator.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, methodInfo, null); // in case if we need, then we put call to base method if (_callBaseMethod) { var baseMethodInfo = _targetType.GetMethod(_targetMethodName, BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); // place this to stack ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); // call the base method ilGenerator.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, baseMethodInfo, new Type[0]); // return ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } // generate type, create it and return to caller Type cheatType = typeBuilder.CreateType(); object type = Activator.CreateInstance(cheatType); return (TFakeType)type; } /// /// Get name of assembly from InternalsVisibleTo AssemblyName /// private static string GetFakeAssemblyName(Assembly assembly) { var internalsVisibleAttr = assembly.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(InternalsVisibleToAttribute), true).FirstOrDefault() as InternalsVisibleToAttribute; if (internalsVisibleAttr == null) { throw new InvalidOperationException("Assembly hasn't InternalVisibleTo attribute"); } var ind = internalsVisibleAttr.AssemblyName.IndexOf(","); var name = internalsVisibleAttr.AssemblyName.Substring(0, ind); return name; } /// /// Generate such code: /// ((Action)Thread.GetData(Thread.GetNamedDataSlot(_slotName))).Invoke(); /// private LambdaExpression MakeStaticExpressionMethod() { var allocateMethod = typeof(Thread).GetMethod("GetNamedDataSlot", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); var getDataMethod = typeof(Thread).GetMethod("GetData", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); var call = Expression.Call(allocateMethod, Expression.Constant(_slotName)); var getCall = Expression.Call(getDataMethod, call); var convCall = Expression.Convert(getCall, typeof(Action)); var invokExpr = Expression.Invoke(convCall); var lambda = Expression.Lambda(invokExpr); return lambda; } /// /// Generate static class with one static function that will execute Action from Thread NamedDataSlot /// private MethodInfo CreateMethodInfo(ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder) { var methodName = "_StaticTestMethod_" + _slotName; var className = "_StaticClass_" + _slotName; TypeBuilder typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(className, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class); MethodBuilder methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(methodName, MethodAttributes.Static | MethodAttributes.Public); LambdaExpression expression = MakeStaticExpressionMethod(); expression.CompileToMethod(methodBuilder); var type = typeBuilder.CreateType(); return type.GetMethod(methodName, BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); } } remarks about sample: as we need to execute code from another assembly, CorpLibrary1 hasn't access to it, so we need to store this delegate somewhere. Just for testing I stored it in Thread NamedDataSlot. It won't work in multithreaded applications, but it's just a sample. I know that we use Reflection to get private\internal members of any class, but within reflection we can't override them. But this issue is allows anyone to override internal class\method if that assembly has InternalsVisibleTo attribute. I tested it on .Net 3.5\4 and it works for both of them. How does it possible to just copy PublicKey without private key and use it in runtime? The whole sample can be found there - https://github.com/sergey-litvinov/Tests_InternalsVisibleTo UPDATE1: That test code in Program and FakeBuilder classes hasn't access to key.sn file and that library isn't signed, so it hasn't public key at all. It just copying it from CorpLibrary1 by using Reflection.Emit

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