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• Few questions about a good projector on my PC and tv?

  - by jasondavis

  I have always wanted a projector for my tv, satelite, cable, and even PC in a spare bedroom. Well it's more of a home office that I spend most my time in and the catch here is it is a small room. Room is only the standard 8foot tall. Room is about 13 feet wide on the wall where I would like to mount the project and the wall where the screen would be for it. So only about 13 feet away from projector to screen. I would like to know... 1) From experience or knowledge what would be a good projector I could hook up to my satelite box and also my PC? Cheaper is better in this case but I would still like the best image for my buck and something reliable. There is no sunlight in the room either to worry about. 2) From that distance of about 12-13 feet away, how big of a clear picture could I expect? 3) What kind of cables would I need to purchase and run through my attic to my cable/satelite receiver box as well as my PC? 4) These cables in question 3 would most likely need to be a good 15-20feet in length to reach, would I need anything special for that to work at those distances?

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• RAID6 mdraid -> LVM -> EXT4 root with GRUB2?

  - by Rotonen

  2012-03-31 Debian Wheezy daily build in VirtualBox 4.1.2, 6 disk devices. My steps to reproduce so far: Setup one partition, using the entire disk, as a physical volume for RAID, per disk Setup a single RAID6 mdraid array out of all of those Use the resulting md0 as the only physical volume for the volume group Setup your logical volumes, filesystems and mount points as you wish Install your system Both / and /boot will be in this stack. I've chosen EXT4 as my filesystem for this setup. I can get as far as GRUB2 rescue console, which can see the mdraid, the volume group and the LVM logical volumes (all named appropriately on all levels) on it, but I cannot ls the filesystem contents of any of those and I cannot boot from them. As far as I can see from the documentation the version of GRUB2 shipped there should handle all of this gracefully. http://packages.debian.org/wheezy/grub-pc (1.99-17 at the time of writing.) It is loading the ext2, raid, raid6rec, dosmbr (this one is in the list of modules once per disk) and lvm modules according to the generated grub.cfg file. Also it is defining the list of modules to be loaded twice in the generated grub.cfg file and according to quick Googling around this seems to be the norm and OK for GRUB2. How to get further by getting GRUB2 to actually be able to read the content of the filesystems and boot the system? What am I wrong about in my assumptions of functionality here? EDIT (2012-04-01) My generated grub.cfg: http://pastie.org/3708436 It seems it first makes my /usr logical volume the root and that might be source of the failure? A grub-mkconfig bug? Or is it supposed to get access to stuff from /usr before / and /boot? /boot is on / for me - no separate boot logical volume.

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• Oracle Database Recovery Problem

  - by Palani

  I am very new to Oracle, and trying to restore a oracle 8i database on win 2000 server. I have one week old database backup (backup taken with exp command), and i want to restore it now. Now I am unable to login through sqlplus (got shutdown in progress error) I have a backup and i want to restore it, but oracle is not starting at all, and 'imp' command is failing. I started sqlplus / as sysdba and following is the log of what i am trying to do. Can some one guide me further. SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 143423516 bytes Fixed Size 75804 bytes Variable Size 58105856 bytes Database Buffers 85164032 bytes Redo Buffers 77824 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 143423516 bytes Fixed Size 75804 bytes Variable Size 58105856 bytes Database Buffers 85164032 bytes Redo Buffers 77824 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database open; alter database open * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open SQL> alter database open resetlogs; alter database open resetlogs * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01245: offline file 1 will be lost if RESETLOGS is done ORA-01110: data file 1: 'C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ABCD\SYSTEM01.DBF'

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• What is the ideal way to set up multiple FTP enabled web accounts on Fedora?

  - by Nicholas Flynt

  I'm setting up a test server for use as a web development platform, and I'd like to mimic as closely as I can a typical shared hosting setup. That is, I'd like my server to have multple user FTP accounts, each of which links to a directory containing the webroot of the site, and I'd like apache to be able to easily see and manupulate these files. I'll admit: I'm not as familiar with Fedora as I'd like, I run Ubuntu on my home box and SElinux is giving me some grief. My initial plan was to have each user FTP into their home directory, and put the web directory there as well, but SElinux throws a hissy fit when apache tries to access anything outside of its web directory, so that plan was a no go. Would it be wise to continue this route, and perhaps mount web directories in user home folders so that FTP could still be used to access them, even though apache saw them in var/www like it expects? Would it make more sense to set up custom FTP accounts and use a single FTP user on the server box? What's the general course of action on something like this? I'm using vsftpd right now to host web directories, which is why I'm liking the home directory approach (it's simple and secure) but of course there's bound to be a better way to go about it. Thanks. (I'll leave other things, like restricted DB access and such, to another post. I'm interested right now with just getting FTP and apache to play nice in a multi-user environment.) PS: For the record, an issue I ran into when doing all of this was that if apache isn't running as the same user as the FTP account is saving as, there are permissions errors when FTP creates files, requiring the remote user to chmod the files to fix it. A logical fix would be to run apache in a special group, put all web users in this group, and have FTP access default to giving this group read/write access to everything like apache would expect, but I never could figure out how to accomplish this. Bonus points and cake if you know a solution.

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• Raid-z unaccessible after putting one disk offline

  - by varesa

  I have installed FreeNAS on a test server, with 3x 1Tb drives. They are setup in raidz. I tried to offline one of the disks (from the FreeNAS web-ui), and the array became degraded, as I think it should. The problem is with the array becoming unaccessible after that. I thought a raid like that should be able to run fine with one of the disks missing. Atleast very soon after I offline'd and pulled out the disk, the iSCSI share disappeared from a ESXi host's datastores. I also ssh'd into the FreeNAS server, and tried just executing ls /mnt/raid (/mnt/raid/ being the mount point). The whole terminal froze, not accepting ^C or anything. # zpool status -v pool: raid state: DEGRADED status: One or more devices are faulted in response to IO failures. action: Make sure the affected devices are connected, then run 'zpool clear'. see: http://www.sun.com/msg/ZFS-8000-HC scrub: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM raid DEGRADED 1 30 0 raidz1 DEGRADED 4 56 0 gptid/c8c9e44c-08e1-11e2-9ba6-001b212a83ea ONLINE 3 60 0 gptid/c96f32d5-08e1-11e2-9ba6-001b212a83ea ONLINE 3 63 0 gptid/ca208205-08e1-11e2-9ba6-001b212a83ea OFFLINE 0 0 0 errors: Permanent errors have been detected in the following files: /mnt/raid/ raid/iscsivol:<0x0> raid/iscsivol:<0x1> Have I understood the workings of a raidz wrong, or is there something else going on? It would not be nice to have the same thing happen on a production system...

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• How to Install OS without DVD and USB boot

  - by Timothy James Reed

  I just purchased a used Dell F1D 1U rack mount server and would like to install Ubuntu or ESXi with Virtual Disks or anything for that matter. I'v read that Dell's have built in DRAC so you can access it remotely. There are 3 ethernet plugs in the back but I dont know which one to use. In the BIOS it says I can configure Remote access on [com1] or [com2] not sure if that is ethernet 1 & 2. I also set it up so to use a static IP adress. Thats as far as I have gone. Not sure what to do next. I'v Tried to do a PXE server with TFTP but get stuck at Error "cant locate file" or something like that. Not even sure I want to go that route anymore because of all the hassel of editing files. All my computers are OSX or Linux and the only Windows I have is via VMWare. What steps to i do now?

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• How can I take a one time full backup of a Windows Server without the need for a restore program?

  - by TheCleaner

  I have a Windows SBS server with about 500GB of data that I'm decommissioning but I'd like to take a final backup of the server and place it on an external USB drive. I already have multiple backups of the server on disk from the past but they are through Simpana Commvault. I'd like a backup that will simply copy the file structure, ACLs, timestamps, etc. as is to a NTFS volume on the external drive. This way if someone says "I need x file on the server you decommed" I can search the external drive real quick instead of firing up Commvault, cataloging, restore, etc. I know the built-in Windows backup is great, I just don't feel like running it for a restore job on this. I'd like an option where in the future it won't require a program to run a restore. Rather a simple mount of the drive will suffice. I believe I can use robocopy just fine, but I'm not sure if it will grab the Windows directory, system files, and full user profiles correctly even with the /ZB option. Options? Is Robocopy /E /ZB /COPYALL /DCOPY:DAT /MT:32 /R:5 /W:5 /LOG:copylog.log the way to go here?

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• Oracle: Getting ORA-01195 and ORA-01110 when attempting resetlogs

  - by MacAnthony

  I am trying to get our database to startup. When I login to sqlplus and do a startup, I get the message: Total System Global Area 534462464 bytes Fixed Size 2215064 bytes Variable Size 331350888 bytes Database Buffers 192937984 bytes Redo Buffers 7958528 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open So I do a shutdown, startup mount (which works fine) and then run: SQL> alter database recover using backup controlfile until cancel; alter database recover using backup controlfile until cancel * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-19909: datafile 1 belongs to an orphan incarnation ORA-01110: data file 1: '/<path>/system01.dbf' SQL> alter database open resetlogs; alter database open resetlogs * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01195: online backup of file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent ORA-01110: data file 1: '/<path>/system01.dbf' I know I've used instructions to get me past this error before, but I seem to be having trouble tracking it down. A bit of history: We wanted to refresh the data in this from another db so we attempted to do a expdb/impdb into this instance. The impdb did not complete correctly and got an end of file error message in it and hung (I still have the message in a log if it's important). Since the instance would start at this point, we decided to use the hotbackup process we have to restore the db. The hotbackups are from another server/instance. We went through the same process 2 weeks ago. At the point of recreating the control file is where we got to the issue above.

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• KVM and libvirt: How to configure a new disc device to an existing VM?

  - by initall

  I've got an Ubuntu 9.04 server running two VM's. In /etc/libvirt/qemu/machine1.xml two disk devices are defined like this: <devices> <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <source file='/vserver/machine1/disk0.qcow2'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> </disk> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <source file='/vserver/machine1/disk1.qcow2'/> <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/> </disk> I need more storage space in at least one of the devices and thought about adding a third hdc device by simply adding one with same style as above and re-organising my mount structure (The virtual sizes of the current qcow2 files are unfortunately limited.) My problem is that reloading libvirtd and restarting the VM do not result in a new visible device (checked with fdisk). I'm aware of extending an existing qcow2 file (converting to raw format, cat-ing/adding the new one, using smth. like gparted) - but only as a last resort. Hopefully it's something very simple I'm missing?

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• Sharing a folder with Nautilus and NTFS external drive gets errors

  - by TheLQ

  I am trying to share a folder in Lubuntu over a network that's on an external NTFS drive. Due to the system that I have (rotating backup disks) this is probably the second time that the drive would of been mounted. Its manually mounted with a simple (for example) mount /dev/sdb1 /media/BACKUP On an internal NTFS disk I have successfully setup a network share and can access it. However on the external disk I can't from any other Windows computer. When setting up the share Nautilus said that it needs to change the other's permissions to allow for other users to write. However afterwords its still blank. Changing it to Read and Write just changes back to blank. Chowning the entire /media folder recursively and trying didn't work. Running PCManFM as root and changing didn't work. Adding "public=yes" to smb.conf and restarting didn't work. I'm out of idea's on what to do. What's weird is that it worked just fine on an internal NTFS disk, so why not the external one? Any solutions need to be able to managed inside of a gui (preferably Nautilus) as the person managing the machine isn't as tech savvy. Thanks

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• unable to recover data from failed hdd

  - by Eslam Elyamany

  my hdd failing (or maybe totally dead) i've connected the hdd via USB but it doesn't appear in fdisk Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe9fb38fb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 206848 40959999 20376576 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 40962046 976771071 467904513 5 Extended Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda5 82913280 86910975 1998848 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 86913024 394113023 153600000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda7 40962048 82913279 20975616 83 Linux /dev/sda8 394122708 976768064 291322678+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Partition 8 does not start on physical sector boundary. no sdc appears here , BUT it's appears on /dev/ rootghost-lap:/home/ghost# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda2 /dev/sda5 /dev/sda8 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc6 /dev/sdc8 /dev/sda1 /dev/sda4 /dev/sda6 /dev/sda9 /dev/sdc /dev/sdc10 /dev/sdc5 /dev/sdc7 /dev/sdc9 also it appears in proc Code: rootghost-lap:/home/ghost# cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 488386584 sda 8 1 102400 sda1 8 2 20376576 sda2 8 4 1 sda4 8 5 1998848 sda5 8 6 153600000 sda6 8 8 291322678 sda8 8 9 20975616 sda9 11 0 1048575 sr0 11 1 99136 sr1 8 32 244198583 sdc 8 33 14651248 sdc1 8 34 1 sdc2 8 37 15380480 sdc5 8 38 4153344 sdc6 8 39 48829536 sdc7 8 40 48829536 sdc8 8 41 110374551 sdc9 8 42 1975963 sdc10 and dmesg : [10604.777168] end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1 [10604.817238] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [10604.817243] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Aborted Command [current] [10604.817248] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: No additional sense information [10604.817253] sd 26:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 06 00 ok now , let's see what i've tried testdisk to check for partitions -- failed dd to copy data from /dev/sdcX -- provide strange output size for example /dev/sdc1 is about 15G , the output for dd is 62G+ so i had to cancle it safecopy successfully made an image for partitons , but can't fix images, can't mount it, can't do any thing with it and some other tools i've tried and all failed , so any idea ?

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• Immediate logout after login with PAM, Kerberos, and LDAP

  - by Dylan Klomparens

  I've set up remote login on a computer using Kerberos and LDAP. I've also configured NFS to mount onto /home so that the user's home directory is the same wherever they login. Kerberos authentication seems to work fine. I can get a ticket using kinit user1 (assuming user1 is a remote user) and see the ticket with klist. I'm pretty sure LDAP is working because I see the proper output from getent passwd, which lists all the remote users. The contents of /home are present when I list the files. The problem is: when I try to login as a remote user the session is immediately ended. Why is it not letting me stay logged in? Here is the output from /var/log/messages after a login attempt: # /var/log/messages: Oct 9 10:57:53 tophat login[6472]: pam_krb5[6472]: authentication succeeds for 'user1' ([email protected]) Oct 9 10:57:53 tophat login[6472]: pam_krb5[6472]: pam_setcred (establish credential) called Oct 9 10:57:53 tophat login[6472]: pam_krb5[6472]: pam_setcred (delete credential) called EDIT: The distro is openSUSE. Here are the common-* files in /etc/pam.d:   # /etc/pam.d/common-account account required pam_unix.so   # /etc/pam.d/common-auth auth sufficient pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 auth required pam_unix.so nullok_secure try_first_pass   # /etc/pam.d/common-session session optional pam_umask.so umask=002 session sufficient pam_krb5.so minimum_uid=1000 session required pam_unix.so There doesn't appear to be a /var/log/auth.log file nor a /var/log/secure file.

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• Ubuntu hard disk getting SATA errors

  - by Henadzy

  I am getting "UNC" errors on a hard disk on Ubuntu 9.10. It slows down my system, applications have not been responding for a long time. But when I mount the filesystem on another computer, it works properly. disk: SAMSUNG HD161HJ (SATA) syslog: Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773839] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x1 SAct 0x1e SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773845] ata3.00: Ata error. fis:0x21 Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773861] ata3.00: cmd 60/08:08:3f:00:ad/00:00:10:00:00/40 tag 1 ncq 4096 in Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773864] res 51/40:24:67:c8:91/40:00:05:00:00/40 Emask 0x9 (media error) Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773871] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773877] ata3.00: error: { UNC } [...snip 3 similar repeats of last 4 lines; see revision history for full log...] Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773970] ata3: hard resetting link Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773974] ata3: nv: skipping hardreset on occupied port Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 886.240073] ata3: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 886.256277] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 886.256305] ata3: EH complete Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176088] ata3: EH in SWNCQ mode,QC:qc_active 0xF sactive 0xF Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176099] ata3: SWNCQ:qc_active 0xF defer_bits 0x0 last_issue_tag 0x3 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176102] dhfis 0xF dmafis 0x1 sdbfis 0x0 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176109] ata3: ATA_REG 0x51 ERR_REG 0x40 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176113] ata3: tag : dhfis dmafis sdbfis sacitve Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176120] ata3: tag 0x0: 1 1 0 1 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176126] ata3: tag 0x1: 1 0 0 1 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176131] ata3: tag 0x2: 1 0 0 1 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176136] ata3: tag 0x3: 1 0 0 1

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• copy large LVM volume(14TB) from one server to another

  - by bruce

  recently,I have to copy a very large LVM volume()rom server A to server B. Below is the filesystem of server A and server B - server A [root@AVDVD-Filer ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_avdvdfiler-lv_root 16T 14T 1.5T 91% / tmpfs 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /dev/shm /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 194M 23M 162M 13% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_avdvdfiler-test 2.3T 201M 2.1T 1% /test /dev/sr0 3.3G 3.3G 0 100% /mnt server B [root@localhost ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00 20G 2.5G 16G 14% / tmpfs 3.0G 0 3.0G 0% /dev/shm /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 194M 23M 162M 13% /boot /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 16T 133M 15T 1% /xiangao/lv1 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01 4.7T 190M 4.5T 1% /xiangao/lv2 I want to copy LVM volume /dev/mapper/vg_avdvdfiler-lv_root on server A to LVM volume /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 on server B . The server A and server B is in the same IP segment. IN the LVM volume on server A , there is all average 500M avi wmv mp4 etc. I tried mount /dev/mapper/vg_avdvdfiler-lv_root on server A to server B through NFS , then use cp command copy. It is clear I faild . Because the LVM volume is too big , I do not have good idea . I hope a good solution here. I'm a chinese, my english is very pool. sorry thanks everyone!

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• Heartbeat/DRBD failover didn't work as expected. How do I make the failover more robust?

  - by Quinn Murphy

  I had a scenario where a DRBD-heartbeat set up had a failed node but did not failover. What happened was the primary node had locked up, but didn't go down directly (it was inaccessible via ssh or with the nfs mount, but it could be pinged). The desired behavior would have been to detect this and failover to the secondary node, but it appears that since the primary didn't go full down (there is a dedicated network connection from server to server), heartbeat's detection mechanism didn't pick up on that and therefore didn't failover. Has anyone seen this? Is there something that I need to configure to have more robust cluster failover? DRBD seems to otherwise work fine (had to resync when I rebooted the old primary), but without good failover, it's use is limited. heartbeat 3.0.4 drbd84 RHEL 6.1 We are not using Pacemaker nfs03 is the primary server in this setup, and nfs01 is the secondary. ha.cf # Hearbeat Logging logfacility daemon udpport 694 ucast eth0 192.168.10.47 ucast eth0 192.168.10.42 # Cluster members node nfs01.openair.com node nfs03.openair.com # Hearbeat communication timing. # Sets the triggers and pulse time for swapping over. keepalive 1 warntime 10 deadtime 30 initdead 120 #fail back automatically auto_failback on and here is the haresources file: nfs03.openair.com IPaddr::192.168.10.50/255.255.255.0/eth0 drbddisk::data Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/data::ext4 nfs nfslock

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• Exchange 2007 - Mailbox Database Recovery

  - by Phrontiste

  Exchange 2007 edb Can we restore Exchange edb (First storage group\mailbox database.edb) to another exchange server ? Do I just copy the edb to the new exchange server and delete the first storage group\mailbox database.edb and replace it with this one ? How can I get all the mailboxes from that (old) mailbox database.edb ? I had a exchange 2007 server with 10 mailboxes, I have installed exchange on another machine and was thinking if I can do the above ? or is there any way I can get all the mailboxes from that edb (old mailbox database) and import them into the new one. I have deleted the old exchange install I had (these are test machines) What are the steps required to get the DB working on the new machine ? Also, I am confused about the recovery storage group ? I can mount a mailbox database in recovery storage group, but when I try to get mailbox out of it, it won't match any thing ? can someone please assist in understanding RSG and how to restore the OLD mailbox database. thanks and regards Phrontiste

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• Partitioning & Linux

  - by Zac

  Every tutorial on Linux-based partitioning schemes (or, just partitioning in general) will tell you that a PC can have either 4 primary partitions, or 3 primaries and 1 extended. They will all also tell you that Linux (in my case, Ubuntu) can be installed on either. It's also come to my attention that it is not too atypical for FHS directories, such as usr/, tmp/, etc/, home/ or var/ to be mounted separately on other partitions. Several questions I am unable to find the answers to, purely for my own edification: (1) By "PC", are we really talking about common PC disk types, like IDE or SATA? I guess I'm wondering why PC uses are limited to 4 primaries or 3 primaries + 1 extended (2) I'm choking on some basic OS concepts: it is said that a partition can be mounted by a file system or an OS. So I assume this means I can somehow instruct Ubuntu to mount to 1 partition, and then any part of, say, ReiserFS, to be mounted to another partition? How? (3)(a) What about creating swap partitions? Is there too much of a good thing with swap partitioning? If I have 4GB RAM over 320GB disk, what should my swap partition size be, and why? (3)(b) Are swap files the only way to create swap partitions? Wouldn't a Linux partitioning utility allow me to define a partition as being for virtual memory only? (4) Why are partitions limited to being "mounted" by just OSes and file systems? Why couldn't I write a program to take up its own, say, 512 MB partition, and then have it invoked or uses by an OS installed on another partition? Thanks for shedding any light here... not critical that I know this stuff, but it's got me thinking incessantly. And when I think incessantly, I...can't......sleep....

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• GVIM hangs when saving through GVFS' FTP

  - by Lie Ryan

  I loved Gnome's Nautilus and FTP integration and being able to mount a remote FTP directory as a regular bookmark/directory, and double clicking any remote files to open in any unmodified program. I also loved editing text files with GVim. However, if I double clicked file on Nautilus to open a text file in Gvim, then saving a file will take about 10 seconds and GVim will hang for that amount of time. The major irritant is that I cannot continue editing while the text editor is waiting for the write to finish, this delay interrupted my workflow and thought process and saving becomes a painful process. The other problem is that I don't think simply uploading a file should take that much time. I'm aware of GVim's internal FTP support, but they are not as well integrated with Nautilus's FTP. So a few question: Is there a way to make GVim or GVFS to save in background while I continue editing? Why is GVFS so slow? Is there any way to set GVFS to use a single persistent FTP connection instead of creating a new FTP connection each time? I'm on Gentoo Linux x86-64.

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• Advice: USB Monitoring Programming

  - by Kashif

  I need an advice about USB programming in linux. i have to design a USB monitoring program that 'll keep checking usb ports of a linux cent os. as soon as a usb or external hard disk is connected, this program will shoot an email to some specific person about detail of usb (as size, mount on, time). when usb is disconnected, it will again shoot an email to some person with same kind of information. mean while this program will also write logs in syslog/messages with name of programing for easy tracking. Now I want ask that what is best way to develop this program. as I'm new to this field so i know nothing about it? either i should use perl, bash scripting or some other language? I have no idea what is right way to adopt coz this program will keep running all the time to keep a check on usb ports. I know few commands in like lsusb, fdisk (to check attached usb) and df -h (to get detail of usb) but dont know how i can achieve using these commands that i am thinking. also one more thing that in future i also need to modify this program for ubuntu and Citrix XenServer and it should be same everywhere.

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• Using NFS for scalable PHP/MySQL web application

  - by Jeroen Moons

  Here's the situation: I have a PHP/MySQL web application that accepts user uploads (pdf files). From these pdf files' pages a preview image is made on the fly and presented to the web app's users. Some pdfs might be on the large side, most will be under 50 MB but some extreme cases could be as large as a few hundred MB. A little waiting for the preview image for large pdf files is acceptable but no more than a minute let's say. Everything is running on one server for now, but soon the app will hit the server's limit on both storage and processing power. My idea to solve the problem: To deal with this situation I had the idea of having one or more pdf processing servers as needed, and one or more file storage servers. These two types of servers are mounted to the server on which the actual app runs using NFS. The app could then use GearMan to delegate pdf processing tasks to these processing servers. The processing server can mount the storage server and read the file stored there, process it and write its output to that server. The servers I'm talking about will be amazon ec2 instances. The web app returns a link to the resulting pdf preview image on the storage server that was used which can then be used on the front end to show the image to the user. My question: I have zero experience with apps that use multiple servers, is this idea viable or is there a better way to do it? Is an NFS setup fast and reliable enough for this situation?

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• Migrating Linux user data to Windows profiles automatically

  - by scott ryan

  I have what seems to be an incredibly simple problem with a very simple solution but I'm having some trouble connecting dots. I have an aging server running Ubuntu Server which hosts roaming profiles. I am switching to a Windows Server 2012 DS shortly. Users used to be named firstinitial.lastname and we are switching to firstname.lastname. I need to transfer things like favorites, documents, etc. from the roaming Linux profile to the user's local Windows profile. So, the way I think it'd work is by using a login script. I think I'd use a script to mount the Linux server's /home for each user, then do copy to various paths (documents, pictures, etc.). But, how do I automate this for each user that logs in? I'm working with a nonprofit, so doing this by hand would probably be out of their budget. I'm open to suggestions, though. What I want is basically Windows Easy Migration, but I'm fairly certain that won't work under Wine... (Kidding, I promise). Thanks!

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• How to get data out of a Maxtor Shared Storage II that fails to boot?

  - by Jonik

  I've got a Maxtor Shared Storage II (RAID1 mode) which has developed some hardware failure, apparently: it fails to boot properly and is unreachable via network. When powering it on, it keeps making clunking/chirping disk noise and then sort of resets itself (with a flash of orange light in the usually-green LEDs); it then repeats this as if stuck in a loop. In fact, even the power button does nothing now – the only way I can affect the device at all is to plug in or pull out the power cord! (To be clear, I've come to regard this piece of garbage (which cost about 460 €) as my worst tech purchase ever. Even before this failure I had encountered many annoyances about the drive: 1) the software to manage it is rather crappy; 2) it is way noisier that what this type of device should be; 3) when your Mac comes out of sleep, Maxtor's "EasyManage" cannot re-mount the drive automatically.) Anyway, the question at hand is how to get my data out of it? As a very concrete first step, is there a way to open this thing without breaking the plastic casing into pieces? It is far from obvious to me how to get beyond this stage; it opens a little from one end but not from the other. If I somehow got the disks out, I could try mounting the disk(s) on one of the Macs or Linux boxes I have available (although I don't know yet if I'd need some adapters for that). (NB: for the purposes of this question, never mind any warranty or replacement issues – that's secondary to recovering the data.)

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• Execute encrypted files but don't let anybody read them.

  - by Stebi

  I want to provide a virtual machine image with an installed web application. The user should be able to boot the vm (don't login, just boot) and a webserver should start automatically. The point is I want to hide the (ruby) source code of the web application from everyone as there is no obfuscator for ruby. I thought I could use file system encryption to encrypt the directory with the sourcecode (or even a whole partition). But the webserver user must be able to read it automatically after booting. Nobody is allowed to login as the webserver user (or any other user) so no other can read the contents. My questions are now: Is this possible? Because I give away the whole vm everybody could mount its virtual discs and read them (except the encrypted one). Is it now possible to find the key the webserver user needs to decrypt the files and decrypt them manually? Or is it safe to give such a vm away? The problem is that everything needed to decrypt must be included somewhere in the vm else the webserver cannot start automatically. Maybe I'm completely wrong and you have another tip for me securing the source code.

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• Cannot open root device xvda1 or unknown-block(0,0)

  - by svoop

  I'm putting together a Dom0 and three DomU (all Gentoo) with kernel 3.5.7 and Xen 4.1.1. Each Dom has it's own md (md0 for Dom0, md1 for Dom1 etc). Dom0 works fine so far, however, I'm stuck trying to create DomUs. It appears the xvda1 device on DomU is not created or accessible: Parsing config file dom1 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_allocate: cmdline="root=/dev/xvda1 console=hvc0 root=/dev/xvda1 ro 3", features="(null)" domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_kernel_mem: called domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_boot_xen_init: ver 4.1, caps xen-3.0-x86_64 xen-3.0-x86_32p hvm-3.0-x86_32 hvm-3.0-x86_32p hvm-3.0-x86_64 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_parse_image: called domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_find_loader: trying multiboot-binary loader ... domainbuilder: detail: loader probe failed domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_find_loader: trying Linux bzImage loader ... domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_malloc : 10530 kB domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_do_gunzip: unzip ok, 0x2f7a4f -> 0xa48888 domainbuilder: detail: loader probe OK xc: detail: elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x1000000 memsz=0x558000 xc: detail: elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x1558000 memsz=0x690e8 xc: detail: elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x15c2000 memsz=0x127c0 xc: detail: elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x15d5000 memsz=0x533000 xc: detail: elf_parse_binary: memory: 0x1000000 -> 0x1b08000 xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: GUEST_OS = "linux" xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: GUEST_VERSION = "2.6" xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: XEN_VERSION = "xen-3.0" xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: VIRT_BASE = 0xffffffff80000000 xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: ENTRY = 0xffffffff815d5210 xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: HYPERCALL_PAGE = 0xffffffff81001000 xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: FEATURES = "!writable_page_tables|pae_pgdir_above_4gb" xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: PAE_MODE = "yes" xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: LOADER = "generic" xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: unknown xen elf note (0xd) xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: SUSPEND_CANCEL = 0x1 xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: HV_START_LOW = 0xffff800000000000 xc: detail: elf_xen_parse_note: PADDR_OFFSET = 0x0 xc: detail: elf_xen_addr_calc_check: addresses: xc: detail: virt_base = 0xffffffff80000000 xc: detail: elf_paddr_offset = 0x0 xc: detail: virt_offset = 0xffffffff80000000 xc: detail: virt_kstart = 0xffffffff81000000 xc: detail: virt_kend = 0xffffffff81b08000 xc: detail: virt_entry = 0xffffffff815d5210 xc: detail: p2m_base = 0xffffffffffffffff domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_parse_elf_kernel: xen-3.0-x86_64: 0xffffffff81000000 -> 0xffffffff81b08000 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_mem_init: mem 5000 MB, pages 0x138800 pages, 4k each domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_mem_init: 0x138800 pages domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_boot_mem_init: called domainbuilder: detail: x86_compat: guest xen-3.0-x86_64, address size 64 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_malloc : 10000 kB domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_build_image: called domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_alloc_segment: kernel : 0xffffffff81000000 -> 0xffffffff81b08000 (pfn 0x1000 + 0xb08 pages) domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x1000+0xb08 at 0x7fdec9b85000 xc: detail: elf_load_binary: phdr 0 at 0x0x7fdec9b85000 -> 0x0x7fdeca0dd000 xc: detail: elf_load_binary: phdr 1 at 0x0x7fdeca0dd000 -> 0x0x7fdeca1460e8 xc: detail: elf_load_binary: phdr 2 at 0x0x7fdeca147000 -> 0x0x7fdeca1597c0 xc: detail: elf_load_binary: phdr 3 at 0x0x7fdeca15a000 -> 0x0x7fdeca1cd000 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_alloc_segment: phys2mach : 0xffffffff81b08000 -> 0xffffffff824cc000 (pfn 0x1b08 + 0x9c4 pages) domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x1b08+0x9c4 at 0x7fdec91c1000 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_alloc_page : start info : 0xffffffff824cc000 (pfn 0x24cc) domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_alloc_page : xenstore : 0xffffffff824cd000 (pfn 0x24cd) domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_alloc_page : console : 0xffffffff824ce000 (pfn 0x24ce) domainbuilder: detail: nr_page_tables: 0x0000ffffffffffff/48: 0xffff000000000000 -> 0xffffffffffffffff, 1 table(s) domainbuilder: detail: nr_page_tables: 0x0000007fffffffff/39: 0xffffff8000000000 -> 0xffffffffffffffff, 1 table(s) domainbuilder: detail: nr_page_tables: 0x000000003fffffff/30: 0xffffffff80000000 -> 0xffffffffbfffffff, 1 table(s) domainbuilder: detail: nr_page_tables: 0x00000000001fffff/21: 0xffffffff80000000 -> 0xffffffff827fffff, 20 table(s) domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_alloc_segment: page tables : 0xffffffff824cf000 -> 0xffffffff824e6000 (pfn 0x24cf + 0x17 pages) domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x24cf+0x17 at 0x7fdece676000 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_alloc_page : boot stack : 0xffffffff824e6000 (pfn 0x24e6) domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_build_image : virt_alloc_end : 0xffffffff824e7000 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_build_image : virt_pgtab_end : 0xffffffff82800000 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_boot_image: called domainbuilder: detail: arch_setup_bootearly: doing nothing domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_compat_check: supported guest type: xen-3.0-x86_64 <= matches domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_compat_check: supported guest type: xen-3.0-x86_32p domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_compat_check: supported guest type: hvm-3.0-x86_32 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_compat_check: supported guest type: hvm-3.0-x86_32p domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_compat_check: supported guest type: hvm-3.0-x86_64 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_update_guest_p2m: dst 64bit, pages 0x138800 domainbuilder: detail: clear_page: pfn 0x24ce, mfn 0x37ddee domainbuilder: detail: clear_page: pfn 0x24cd, mfn 0x37ddef domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x24cc+0x1 at 0x7fdece675000 domainbuilder: detail: start_info_x86_64: called domainbuilder: detail: setup_hypercall_page: vaddr=0xffffffff81001000 pfn=0x1001 domainbuilder: detail: domain builder memory footprint domainbuilder: detail: allocated domainbuilder: detail: malloc : 20658 kB domainbuilder: detail: anon mmap : 0 bytes domainbuilder: detail: mapped domainbuilder: detail: file mmap : 0 bytes domainbuilder: detail: domU mmap : 21392 kB domainbuilder: detail: arch_setup_bootlate: shared_info: pfn 0x0, mfn 0xbaa6f domainbuilder: detail: shared_info_x86_64: called domainbuilder: detail: vcpu_x86_64: called domainbuilder: detail: vcpu_x86_64: cr3: pfn 0x24cf mfn 0x37dded domainbuilder: detail: launch_vm: called, ctxt=0x7fff224e4ea0 domainbuilder: detail: xc_dom_release: called Daemon running with PID 4639 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.5.7-gentoo (root@majordomo) (gcc version 4.5.4 (Gentoo 4.5.4 p1.0, pie-0.4.7) ) #1 SMP Tue Nov 20 10:49:51 CET 2012 [ 0.000000] Command line: root=/dev/xvda1 console=hvc0 root=/dev/xvda1 ro 3 [ 0.000000] ACPI in unprivileged domain disabled [ 0.000000] e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] Xen: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009ffff] usable [ 0.000000] Xen: [mem 0x00000000000a0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved [ 0.000000] Xen: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x0000000138ffffff] usable [ 0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active [ 0.000000] MPS support code is not built-in. [ 0.000000] Using acpi=off or acpi=noirq or pci=noacpi may have problem [ 0.000000] DMI not present or invalid. [ 0.000000] No AGP bridge found [ 0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0x139000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000 [ 0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0x100000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000 [ 0.000000] init_memory_mapping: [mem 0x00000000-0xffffffff] [ 0.000000] init_memory_mapping: [mem 0x100000000-0x138ffffff] [ 0.000000] NUMA turned off [ 0.000000] Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000138ffffff] [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x00000000-0x138ffffff] [ 0.000000] NODE_DATA [mem 0x1387fc000-0x1387fffff] [ 0.000000] Zone ranges: [ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x00010000-0x00ffffff] [ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x01000000-0xffffffff] [ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x100000000-0x138ffffff] [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x00010000-0x0009ffff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x00100000-0x138ffffff] [ 0.000000] SMP: Allowing 1 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs [ 0.000000] No local APIC present [ 0.000000] APIC: disable apic facility [ 0.000000] APIC: switched to apic NOOP [ 0.000000] e820: cannot find a gap in the 32bit address range [ 0.000000] e820: PCI devices with unassigned 32bit BARs may break! [ 0.000000] e820: [mem 0x139100000-0x1394fffff] available for PCI devices [ 0.000000] Booting paravirtualized kernel on Xen [ 0.000000] Xen version: 4.1.1 (preserve-AD) [ 0.000000] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:64 nr_cpumask_bits:64 nr_cpu_ids:1 nr_node_ids:1 [ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 26 pages/cpu @ffff880138400000 s75712 r8192 d22592 u2097152 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Node order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 1259871 [ 0.000000] Policy zone: Normal [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/xvda1 console=hvc0 root=/dev/xvda1 ro 3 [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.000000] __ex_table already sorted, skipping sort [ 0.000000] Checking aperture... [ 0.000000] No AGP bridge found [ 0.000000] Memory: 4943980k/5128192k available (3937k kernel code, 448k absent, 183764k reserved, 1951k data, 524k init) [ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=15, HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation. [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:4352 nr_irqs:256 16 [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25 [ 0.000000] console [tty0] enabled [ 0.000000] console [hvc0] enabled [ 0.000000] installing Xen timer for CPU 0 [ 0.000000] Detected 3411.602 MHz processor. [ 0.000999] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 6823.20 BogoMIPS (lpj=3411602) [ 0.000999] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.000999] Security Framework initialized [ 0.001355] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1048576 (order: 11, 8388608 bytes) [ 0.002974] Inode-cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes) [ 0.003441] Mount-cache hash table entries: 256 [ 0.003595] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.003599] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.003637] ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: Set to 'normal', was 'performance' [ 0.003637] ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: View and update with x86_energy_perf_policy(8) [ 0.003643] CPU: Physical Processor ID: 0 [ 0.003645] CPU: Processor Core ID: 0 [ 0.003702] SMP alternatives: switching to UP code [ 0.011791] Freeing SMP alternatives: 12k freed [ 0.011835] Performance Events: unsupported p6 CPU model 42 no PMU driver, software events only. [ 0.011886] Brought up 1 CPUs [ 0.011998] Grant tables using version 2 layout. [ 0.012009] Grant table initialized [ 0.012034] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.012328] PCI: setting up Xen PCI frontend stub [ 0.015089] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 [ 0.015158] ACPI: Interpreter disabled. [ 0.015180] xen/balloon: Initialising balloon driver. [ 0.015180] xen-balloon: Initialising balloon driver. [ 0.015180] vgaarb: loaded [ 0.016126] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.016314] PCI: System does not support PCI [ 0.016320] PCI: System does not support PCI [ 0.016435] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.016438] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.016440] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.016447] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.016475] Switching to clocksource xen [ 0.017434] pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled [ 0.017501] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.017864] IP route cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes) [ 0.019322] TCP established hash table entries: 524288 (order: 11, 8388608 bytes) [ 0.020376] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes) [ 0.020497] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 524288 bind 65536) [ 0.020500] TCP: reno registered [ 0.020525] UDP hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.020564] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.020624] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.020658] PCI-DMA: Using software bounce buffering for IO (SWIOTLB) [ 0.020662] software IO TLB [mem 0xfb632000-0xff631fff] (64MB) mapped at [ffff8800fb632000-ffff8800ff631fff] [ 0.020750] platform rtc_cmos: registered platform RTC device (no PNP device found) [ 0.021378] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages [ 0.023378] msgmni has been set to 9656 [ 0.023544] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 253) [ 0.023549] io scheduler noop registered [ 0.023551] io scheduler deadline registered [ 0.023580] io scheduler cfq registered (default) [ 0.023650] pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5 [ 0.023845] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled [ 0.024082] Non-volatile memory driver v1.3 [ 0.024085] Linux agpgart interface v0.103 [ 0.024207] Event-channel device installed. [ 0.024265] [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810 [ 0.024268] [drm:i915_init] *ERROR* drm/i915 can't work without intel_agp module! [ 0.025145] brd: module loaded [ 0.025565] loop: module loaded [ 0.045646] Initialising Xen virtual ethernet driver. [ 0.198264] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly. [ 0.199096] i8042: No controller found [ 0.199139] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice [ 0.259303] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0 [ 0.259353] rtc_cmos: probe of rtc_cmos failed with error -38 [ 0.259440] md: raid1 personality registered for level 1 [ 0.259542] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (16384 buckets, 65536 max) [ 0.259732] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team [ 0.259747] TCP: cubic registered [ 0.259886] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 0.260031] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team [ 0.260070] sit: IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver [ 0.260194] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 0.260213] Bridge firewalling registered [ 5.360075] XENBUS: Waiting for devices to initialise: 25s...20s...15s...10s...5s...0s...235s...230s...225s...220s...215s...210s...205s...200s...195s...190s...185s...180s...175s...170s...165s...160s...155s...150s...145s...140s...135s...130s...125s...120s...115s...110s...105s...100s...95s...90s...85s...80s...75s...70s...65s...60s...55s...50s...45s...40s...35s...30s...25s...20s...15s...10s...5s...0s... [ 270.360180] XENBUS: Timeout connecting to device: device/vbd/51713 (local state 3, remote state 1) [ 270.360273] md: Waiting for all devices to be available before autodetect [ 270.360277] md: If you don't use raid, use raid=noautodetect [ 270.360388] md: Autodetecting RAID arrays. [ 270.360392] md: Scanned 0 and added 0 devices. [ 270.360394] md: autorun ... [ 270.360395] md: ... autorun DONE. [ 270.360431] VFS: Cannot open root device "xvda1" or unknown-block(0,0): error -6 [ 270.360435] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions: [ 270.360440] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0) [ 270.360444] Pid: 1, comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 3.5.7-gentoo #1 [ 270.360446] Call Trace: [ 270.360454] [<ffffffff813d2205>] ? panic+0xbe/0x1c5 [ 270.360459] [<ffffffff813d2358>] ? printk+0x4c/0x51 [ 270.360464] [<ffffffff815d5fb7>] ? mount_block_root+0x24f/0x26d [ 270.360469] [<ffffffff815d62b6>] ? prepare_namespace+0x168/0x192 [ 270.360474] [<ffffffff815d5ca7>] ? kernel_init+0x1b0/0x1c2 [ 270.360477] [<ffffffff815d5500>] ? loglevel+0x34/0x34 [ 270.360482] [<ffffffff813d5a64>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10 [ 270.360486] [<ffffffff813d4038>] ? retint_restore_args+0x5/0x6 [ 270.360490] [<ffffffff813d5a60>] ? gs_change+0x13/0x13 The config: name = "dom1" bootloader = "/usr/bin/pygrub" root = "/dev/xvda1 ro" extra = "3" # runlevel memory = 5000 disk = [ 'phy:/dev/md1,xvda1,w' ] # vif = [ 'ip=..., vifname=veth1' ] # none for now Here are some details on the Dom0 kernel (grepping for "xen"): CONFIG_XEN=y CONFIG_XEN_DOM0=y CONFIG_XEN_PRIVILEGED_GUEST=y CONFIG_XEN_PVHVM=y CONFIG_XEN_MAX_DOMAIN_MEMORY=500 CONFIG_XEN_SAVE_RESTORE=y CONFIG_PCI_XEN=y CONFIG_XEN_PCIDEV_FRONTEND=y # CONFIG_XEN_BLKDEV_FRONTEND is not set CONFIG_XEN_BLKDEV_BACKEND=y # CONFIG_XEN_NETDEV_FRONTEND is not set CONFIG_XEN_NETDEV_BACKEND=y CONFIG_INPUT_XEN_KBDDEV_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_HVC_XEN=y CONFIG_HVC_XEN_FRONTEND=y # CONFIG_XEN_WDT is not set # CONFIG_XEN_FBDEV_FRONTEND is not set # Xen driver support CONFIG_XEN_BALLOON=y # CONFIG_XEN_SELFBALLOONING is not set CONFIG_XEN_SCRUB_PAGES=y CONFIG_XEN_DEV_EVTCHN=y CONFIG_XEN_BACKEND=y CONFIG_XENFS=y CONFIG_XEN_COMPAT_XENFS=y CONFIG_XEN_SYS_HYPERVISOR=y CONFIG_XEN_XENBUS_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV=m CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DEV_ALLOC=m CONFIG_SWIOTLB_XEN=y CONFIG_XEN_TMEM=y CONFIG_XEN_PCIDEV_BACKEND=m CONFIG_XEN_PRIVCMD=y CONFIG_XEN_ACPI_PROCESSOR=m And the DomU kernel (grepping for "xen"): CONFIG_XEN=y CONFIG_XEN_DOM0=y CONFIG_XEN_PRIVILEGED_GUEST=y CONFIG_XEN_PVHVM=y CONFIG_XEN_MAX_DOMAIN_MEMORY=500 CONFIG_XEN_SAVE_RESTORE=y CONFIG_PCI_XEN=y CONFIG_XEN_PCIDEV_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_XEN_BLKDEV_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_XEN_NETDEV_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_INPUT_XEN_KBDDEV_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_HVC_XEN=y CONFIG_HVC_XEN_FRONTEND=y # CONFIG_XEN_WDT is not set # CONFIG_XEN_FBDEV_FRONTEND is not set # Xen driver support CONFIG_XEN_BALLOON=y # CONFIG_XEN_SELFBALLOONING is not set CONFIG_XEN_SCRUB_PAGES=y CONFIG_XEN_DEV_EVTCHN=y # CONFIG_XEN_BACKEND is not set CONFIG_XENFS=y CONFIG_XEN_COMPAT_XENFS=y CONFIG_XEN_SYS_HYPERVISOR=y CONFIG_XEN_XENBUS_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_XEN_GNTDEV=m CONFIG_XEN_GRANT_DEV_ALLOC=m CONFIG_SWIOTLB_XEN=y CONFIG_XEN_TMEM=y CONFIG_XEN_PRIVCMD=y CONFIG_XEN_ACPI_PROCESSOR=m Any ideas what I'm doing wrong here? Thanks a lot!

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• WOL doesn't work if set to anything other than `a` but this setting makes it boot all the time

  - by Elton Carvalho

  I manage a small "cluster" of 4 Xeon machines with Intel boards in my lab. They are all plugged to a 5-port 3-Com switch with static IP addresses like 10.0.0.x. They are all running OpenSuse 11.4 and their /home/ is served by one of the machines (node00) via NFS. They are plugged to an UPS that can keep them on for ca. 15 minutes, but there are lots of electric shortages due to "unscheduled maintenace" that are longer than this. So they end up being powered down without notice. If I set the BIOS to turn them on after power shortages, the issue is that they all boot at the same time and, if node00 decides to run fsck in the /home/ partition, it does not finish booting before the others try to NFS mount their /home/. I am trying to make wake on lan work, so I can choose to boot the NFS clients only after the server has successfully booted. The problem is that when I run ethtool I get an output like this: Supports Wake-on: pumbag Wake-on: g Theoretically, it is set to wake on MagicPacket(tm), according to the manual. But sending the WOL packet using wol -i 10.0.0.255 $MACADDR does not wake up the box after I shut it down with halt. The ethernet link led blinks after I send the packet, so it appears to be getting to the machine. However, if I set it up with ethtool -s eth1 wol bag, the machine always wakes up right after halting, even if I don't send the Magic packet. This means that the device can wake up with LAN activity, but seems to be ignoring the magic packet. Setting wol ag does not wake the box with the MagicPacket. Does setting wol a mean that it should boot with any broadcast message? How can I diagnose the issue of the machine not waking up with the MagicPacket even though I am sending it and it's set up to wake up with it? Thanks in advance!

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