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  • What are the pros and cons of a non-fixed-interval update loop?

    - by akonsu
    I am studying various approaches to implementing a game loop and I have found this article. In the article the author implements a loop which, if the processing falls behind in time, skips frame renderings and just updates the game in a loop (the last variant called "Constant Game Speed independent of Variable FPS"). I do not understand why it is acceptable to call update_game() in a loop without making sure the update function is called at a particular interval. I do not see any value in doing this. I would think that in my game I want to be sure the game is updated periodically with a known period. So maybe it is worthwhile to have two threads, one would call update periodically, and the other one would redraw the game, also periodically? Would this be a good and practical approach? Of course I would need to synchronise the threads.

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  • How does Against The Wall create an infinite wall?

    - by Zolani13
    There is a game called Against The Wall, developed by Michael P. Consoli. It's a fantastic game, as I've always been stumped at how the game creates an infinitely spanning wall. In the game, you can fall forever, and the wall will keep spanning. I can fall as long as I like, and still be able to climb back to where I was before. The game is developed in Unity. How can a game do this without crashing, or creating some kind of memory overload?

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  • How to implement a component based system for items in a web game.

    - by Landstander
    Reading several other questions and answers on using a component based system to define items I want to use one for the items and spells in a web game written in PHP. I'm just stuck on the implementation. I'm going to use a DB schema suggested in this series (part 5 describes the schema); http://t-machine.org/index.php/2007/09/03/entity-systems-are-the-future-of-mmog-development-part-1/ This means I'll have an items table with generic item properties, a table listing all of the components for an item and finally records in each component table used to make up the item. Assuming I can select the first two together in a single query, I'm still going to do N queries for each component type. I'm kind of fine with this because I can cache the data into memcache and check there first before doing any queries. I'll need to build up the items on every request they are used in so the implementation needs to be on the lean side even if they're pulled from memcache. But right there is where I feel confident about implementing a component system for my items ends. I figure I'd need to bring attributes and behaviors into the container from each component it uses. I'm just not sure how to do that effectively and not end up writing a lot of specialized code to deal with each component. For example an AttackComponent might need to know how to filter targets inside of a battle context and also maybe provide an attack behavior. That same item might also have a UsableComponent which allows the item to be used and apply some effect onto a different set of targets filtered differently from the same battle context. Then not every part of an item is an active part, an AttributeBonusComponent might need to only kick in when the item is in an equipped state or when displaying the item details page. Ultimately, how should I bring all of the components together into the container so when I use an item as a weapon I get the correct list of targets? Know when a weapon can also be used as an item? Or to apply the bonuses the item provides to a character object? I feel like I've gone too far down the rabbit hole and I can't grasp onto the simple solution in front of me. (If that makes any sense at all.) Likewise if I were to implement the best answer from here I feel like I'd have a lot of the same questions. How to model multiple "uses" (e.g. weapon) for usable-inventory/object/items (e.g. katana) within a relational database.

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  • Ask The Readers: How Do You Find Your Next Game?

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Once upon a time the only place for new video game information was down at the arcade. These days there’s a news source and niche for everyone and every kind of game; where and how do you find your next video game conquest? Word of mouth? App recommendations? Critical reviews? This week we’re interested in lining ourselves up for a little summer fun: tell us all about your tips, tricks, and techniques for finding the real gems in the pile of games that comes out every year. Sound off in the comments and then check back in on Friday for the What You Said roundup. HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It? HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me? HTG Explains: How Windows 8′s Secure Boot Feature Works & What It Means for Linux

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  • best way of rendering more 3D models in three.js that not slow down page?

    - by GDevLearner
    I am in the way of creating a 3D web game using threeJS library. This is a multi-player game that players are 3D human models in game, and I need to add a human 3D model for each player that enters the game. Additionally, I want to animate the humans while they walking, but the problem, here is that adding a 3D model and animating that for each player will slow down the game or maybe cause the browser to crash. question: what is the better way of showing and animating the player's models that will not slow down the game?

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  • Getting problem in collision detection in Java Game

    - by chetans
    Hi I am developing Spaceship Game in which i am getting problem in collision detection of moving images Game has a spaceship and number of asteroids(obstacles) i want to detect the collision between them How can i do this?`package Game; import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.MediaTracker; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; public class ThreadInApplet extends Applet implements KeyListener { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; Image[] asteroidImage; Image spaceshipImage; int[] XPosObst,YPosObst; int numberOfObstacles=0,XPosOfSpaceship,YPosOfSpaceship; int spaceButtnCntr=0,noOfObstaclesLevel=20; boolean gameStart=false,collideUp=false,collideDown=false,collideLeft=false,collideRight=false; private Image offScreenImage; private Dimension offScreenSize,d; private Graphics offScreenGraphics; int speedObstacles=1; String spaceshipImagePath="images/spaceship.png",obstacleImagepath="images/asteroid.png"; String buttonToStart="Press Space to start"; public void init() { try { asteroidImage=new Image[noOfObstaclesLevel]; XPosObst=new int[noOfObstaclesLevel]; YPosObst=new int[noOfObstaclesLevel]; XPosOfSpaceship=getWidth()/2-35; YPosOfSpaceship=getHeight()-100; spaceshipImage=getImage(new URL(getCodeBase(),spaceshipImagePath)); for(int i=0;i<noOfObstaclesLevel;i++) { asteroidImage[i]=getImage(new URL(getCodeBase(),obstacleImagepath)); XPosObst[i]=(int) (Math.random()*700); YPosObst[i]=0; } MediaTracker tracker = new MediaTracker (this); for(int i=0;i<noOfObstaclesLevel;i++) { tracker.addImage (asteroidImage[i], 0); } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } setBackground(Color.black); addKeyListener(this); } public void paint(Graphics g) { g.setColor(Color.white); if(gameStart==false) { g.drawString(buttonToStart, (getWidth()/2)-60, getHeight()/2); } g.drawString("HEADfitted Solutions Pvt.Ltd.", (getWidth()/2)-80, getHeight()-20); for(int n=0;n<numberOfObstacles;n++) { if(n>0) g.drawImage(asteroidImage[n],XPosObst[n],YPosObst[n],this); } g.drawImage(spaceshipImage,XPosOfSpaceship,YPosOfSpaceship,this); } @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") public void update(Graphics g) { d = size(); if((offScreenImage == null) || (d.width != offScreenSize.width) || (d.height != offScreenSize.height)) { offScreenImage = createImage(d.width, d.height); offScreenSize = d; offScreenGraphics = offScreenImage.getGraphics(); } offScreenGraphics.clearRect(0, 0, d.width, d.height); paint(offScreenGraphics); g.drawImage(offScreenImage, 0, 0, null); } public void keyReleased(KeyEvent arg0){} public void keyTyped(KeyEvent arg0) {} Thread mainThread=new Thread() { synchronized public void run () { try { //System.out.println("in main thread"); if (gameStart==true) { moveObstacles.start(); if(collide()==false) { createObsThread.start(); } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }; Thread createObsThread=new Thread() { synchronized public void run () { if (spaceButtnCntr==1) { if (collide()==false) { for(int g=0;g<noOfObstaclesLevel;g++) { try { sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } numberOfObstacles++; } } } } }; Thread moveObstacles=new Thread() // Moving Obstacle images downwards after every 10 ms { synchronized public void run () { while(YPosObst[19]!=600) { if (collide()==false) { //createObsThread.start(); for(int l=0;l } repaint(); try { sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }; public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { if(e.getKeyCode()==32) { gameStart=true; spaceButtnCntr++; if (spaceButtnCntr==1) { mainThread.start(); } } if(gameStart==true) { if(e.getKeyCode()==37 && collideLeft==false)//Spaceship movement left { new Thread () { synchronized public void run () { XPosOfSpaceship-=10; repaint(); } }.start(); } if(e.getKeyCode()==38 && collideUp==false)//Spaceship movement up { new Thread () { synchronized public void run () { YPosOfSpaceship-=10; repaint(); } }.start(); } if(e.getKeyCode()==39 && collideRight==false)//Spaceship movement right { new Thread () { synchronized public void run () { XPosOfSpaceship+=10; repaint(); } }.start(); } if(e.getKeyCode()==40 && collideDown==false)//Spaceship movement down { new Thread () { synchronized public void run () { YPosOfSpaceship+=10; repaint(); } }.start(); } } } /*public boolean collide() { int x0, y0, w0, h0, x2, y2, w2, h2; x0=XPosOfSpaceship; y0=YPosOfSpaceship; h0=spaceshipImage.getHeight(null); w0=spaceshipImage.getWidth(null); for(int i=0;i<20;i++) { x2=XPosObst[i]; y2=YPosObst[i]; h2=asteroidImage[i].getHeight(null); w2=asteroidImage[i].getWidth(null); if ((x0 > (x2 + w2)) || ((x0 + w0) < x2)) return false; System.out.println(x2+" "+y2+" "+h2+" "+w2); if ((y0 > (y2 + h2)) || ((y0 + h0) < y2)) return false; } return true; }*/ public boolean collide() { int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4; //coordinates of obstacles int a1,b1,a2,b2,a3,b3,a4,b4; //coordinates of spaceship a1 =XPosOfSpaceship; b1=YPosOfSpaceship; a2=a1+spaceshipImage.getWidth(this); b2=b1; a3=a1; b3=b1+spaceshipImage.getHeight(this); a4=a2; b4=b3; for(int a=0;a if(x1>=a1 && x1<=a2 && x1<=b3 && x1>=b1) return (true); if(x2>=a1 && x2<=a2 && x2<=b3 && x2>=b1) return(true); //********checking asteroid touch spaceship from up direction******** if(y3==b1 && x4>=a1 && x4<=a2) { collideUp = true; return(true); } if(y3==b1 && x3>=a1 && x3<=a2) { collideUp = true; return(true); } //********checking asteroid touch spaceship from left direction****** if(x2==a1 && y4>=b1 && y4<=b3) { collideLeft=true; return(true); } if(x2==a1 && y2>=b1 && y2<=b3) { collideLeft=true; return(true); } //********checking asteroid touch spaceship from right direction***** if(x1==a2 && y3>=b2 && y3<=b4) { collideRight=true; return(true); } if(x1==a2 && y1>=b2 && y1<=b4) { collideRight=true; return(true); } //********checking asteroid touch spaceship from down direction***** if(y1==b3 && x2>=a3 && x2<=a4) { collideDown=true; return(true); } if(y1==b3 && x1>=a3 && x1<=a4) { collideDown=true; return(true); } else { collideUp=false; collideDown=false; collideLeft=false; collideRight=false; } } return(false); } } `

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  • game state singleton cocos2d, initWithEncoder always returns null

    - by taber
    Hi, I'm trying to write a basic test "game state" singleton in cocos2d, but for some reason upon loading the app, initWithCoder is never called. Any help would be much appreciated, thanks. Here's my singleton GameState.h: #import "cocos2d.h" @interface GameState : NSObject <NSCoding> { NSInteger level, score; Boolean seenInstructions; } @property (readwrite) NSInteger level; @property (readwrite) NSInteger score; @property (readwrite) Boolean seenInstructions; +(GameState *) sharedState; +(void) loadState; +(void) saveState; @end ... and GameState.m: #import "GameState.h" #import "Constants.h" @implementation GameState static GameState *sharedState = nil; @synthesize level, score, seenInstructions; -(void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } -(id)init { if(!(self = [super init])) return nil; level = 1; score = 0; seenInstructions = NO; return self; } +(void)loadState { @synchronized([GameState class]) { NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; NSString *saveFile = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kSaveFileName]; Boolean saveFileExists = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:saveFile]; if(!sharedState) { sharedState = [GameState sharedState]; } if(saveFileExists == YES) { [sharedState release]; sharedState = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:saveFile] retain]; } // at this point, sharedState is null, saveFileExists is 1 if(sharedState == nil) { // this always occurs CCLOG(@"Couldn't load game state, so initialized with defaults"); sharedState = [self sharedState]; } } } +(void)saveState { NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; NSString *saveFile = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:kSaveFileName]; [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:[GameState sharedState] toFile:saveFile]; } +(GameState *)sharedState { @synchronized([GameState class]) { if(!sharedState) { [[GameState alloc] init]; } return sharedState; } return nil; } +(id)alloc { @synchronized([GameState class]) { NSAssert(sharedState == nil, @"Attempted to allocate a second instance of a singleton."); sharedState = [super alloc]; return sharedState; } return nil; } +(id)allocWithZone:(NSZone *)zone { @synchronized([GameState class]) { if(!sharedState) { sharedState = [super allocWithZone:zone]; return sharedState; } } return nil; } ... -(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder { [coder encodeInt:level forKey:@"level"]; [coder encodeInt:score forKey:@"score"]; [coder encodeBool:seenInstructions forKey:@"seenInstructions"]; } -(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder { CCLOG(@"initWithCoder called"); self = [super init]; if(self != nil) { CCLOG(@"initWithCoder self exists"); level = [coder decodeIntForKey:@"level"]; score = [coder decodeIntForKey:@"score"]; seenInstructions = [coder decodeBoolForKey:@"seenInstructions"]; } return self; } @end ... I'm saving the state on app exit, like this: - (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application { [GameState saveState]; [[CCDirector sharedDirector] end]; } ... and loading the state when the app finishes loading, like this: - (BOOL) application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { ... [GameState loadState]; ... } I've tried moving around where I call loadState too, for example in my main CCScene, but that didn't seem to work either. Thanks again in advance.

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  • Need help with a memory management problem in my game model

    - by user309030
    Hi, I'm a beginner level programmer trying to make a game app for the iphone and I've encountered a possible issue with the memory management (exc_bad_access) of my program so far. I've searched and read dozens of articles regarding memory management (including apple's docs) but I still can't figure out what exactly is wrong with my codes. So I would really appreciate it if someone can help clear up the mess I made for myself. //in the .h file @property(nonatomic,retain) NSMutableArray *fencePoleArray; @property(nonatomic,retain) NSMutableArray *fencePoleImageArray; @property(nonatomic,retain) NSMutableArray *fenceImageArray; //in the .m file - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; self.gameState = gameStatePaused; fencePoleArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; fencePoleImageArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; fenceImageArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; mainField = CGRectMake(10, 35, 310, 340); .......... [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.05 target:self selector:@selector(gameLoop) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; } So basically, the player touches the screen to set up the fences/poles -(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { if(.......) { ....... } else { UITouch *touch = [[event allTouches] anyObject]; currentTapLoc = [touch locationInView:touch.view]; NSLog(@"%i, %i", (int)currentTapLoc.x, (int)currentTapLoc.y); if(CGRectContainsPoint(mainField, currentTapLoc)) { if([self checkFence]) { onFencePole++; //this 3 set functions adds their respective objects into the 3 NSMutableArrays using addObject: [self setFencePole]; [self setFenceImage]; [self setFencePoleImage]; ....... } } else { ....... } } } } The setFence function (setFenceImage and setFencePoleImage is similar to this) -(void)setFencePole { Fence *fencePole; if (!elecFence) { fencePole = [[Fence alloc] initFence:onFencePole fenceType:1 fencePos:currentTapLoc]; } else { fencePole = [[Fence alloc] initFence:onFencePole fenceType:2 fencePos:currentTapLoc]; } [fencePoleArray addObject:fencePole]; [fencePole release]; and whenever I press a button in the game, endOpenState is called to clear away all the extra images(fence/poles) on the screen and also to remove all existing objects in the 3 NSMutableArray. Point is to remove all the objects in the NSMutableArrays but keep the array itself so it can be reused later. -(void)endOpenState { ........ int xMax = [fencePoleArray count]; int yMax = [fenceImageArray count]; for (int x = 0; x < xMax; x++) { [[fencePoleImageArray objectAtIndex:x] removeFromSuperview]; } for (int y = 0; y < yMax; y++) { [[fenceImageArray objectAtIndex:y] removeFromSuperview]; } [fencePoleArray removeAllObjects]; [fencePoleImageArray removeAllObjects]; [fenceImageArray removeAllObjects]; ........ } The crash happens here at the checkFence function. -(BOOL)checkFence { if (onFencePole == 0) { return YES; } else if (onFencePole >= 1 && onFencePole < currentMaxFencePole - 1) { CGPoint tempPoint1 = currentTapLoc; CGPoint tempPoint2 = [[fencePoleArray objectAtIndex:onFencePole-1] returnPos]; // the crash happens at this line if ([self checkDistance:tempPoint1 point2:tempPoint2]) { return YES; } else { return NO; } } else if (onFencePole == currentMaxFencePole - 1) { ...... } else { return NO; } } So the problem here is, everything works fine until checkFence is called the 2nd time after endOpenState is called. So its like tap_screen - tap_screen - press_button_to_call_endOpenState - tap screen - tap_screen - crash What I'm thinking of is that fencePoleArray got messed up when I used [fencePoleArray removeAllObjects] because it doesn't crash when I comment it out. It would really be great if someone can explain to me what went wrong. And thanks in advance.

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  • Emulating old-school sprite flickering (theory and concept)

    - by Jeffrey Kern
    I'm trying to develop an oldschool NES-style video game, with sprite flickering and graphical slowdown. I've been thinking of what type of logic I should use to enable such effects. I have to consider the following restrictions if I want to go old-school NES style: No more than 64 sprites on the screen at a time No more than 8 sprites per scanline, or for each line on the Y axis If there is too much action going on the screen, the system freezes the image for a frame to let the processor catch up with the action From what I've read up, if there were more than 64 sprites on the screen, the developer would only draw high-priority sprites while ignoring low-priority ones. They could also alternate, drawing each even numbered sprite on opposite frames from odd numbered ones. The scanline issue is interesting. From my testing, it is impossible to get good speed on the XBOX 360 XNA framework by drawing sprites pixel-by-pixel, like the NES did. This is why in old-school games, if there were too many sprites on a single line, some would appear if they were cut in half. For all purposes for this project, I'm making scanlines be 8 pixels tall, and grouping the sprites together per scanline by their Y positioning. So, dumbed down I need to come up with a solution that.... 64 sprites on screen at once 8 sprites per 'scanline' Can draw sprites based on priority Can alternate between sprites per frame Emulate slowdown Here is my current theory First and foremost, a fundamental idea I came up with is addressing sprite priority. Assuming values between 0-255 (0 being low), I can assign sprites priority levels, for instance: 0 to 63 being low 63 to 127 being medium 128 to 191 being high 192 to 255 being maximum Within my data files, I can assign each sprite to be a certain priority. When the parent object is created, the sprite would randomly get assigned a number between its designated range. I would then draw sprites in order from high to low, with the end goal of drawing every sprite. Now, when a sprite gets drawn in a frame, I would then randomly generate it a new priority value within its initial priority level. However, if a sprite doesn't get drawn in a frame, I could add 32 to its current priority. For example, if the system can only draw sprites down to a priority level of 135, a sprite with an initial priority of 45 could then be drawn after 3 frames of not being drawn (45+32+32+32=141) This would, in theory, allow sprites to alternate frames, allow priority levels, and limit sprites to 64 per screen. Now, the interesting question is how do I limit sprites to only 8 per scanline? I'm thinking that if I'm sorting the sprites high-priority to low-priority, iterate through the loop until I've hit 64 sprites drawn. However, I shouldn't just take the first 64 sprites in the list. Before drawing each sprite, I could check to see how many sprites were drawn in it's respective scanline via counter variables . For example: Y-values between 0 to 7 belong to Scanline 0, scanlineCount[0] = 0 Y-values between 8 to 15 belong to Scanline 1, scanlineCount[1] = 0 etc. I could reset the values per scanline for every frame drawn. While going down the sprite list, add 1 to the scanline's respective counter if a sprite gets drawn in that scanline. If it equals 8, don't draw that sprite and go to the sprite with the next lowest priority. SLOWDOWN The last thing I need to do is emulate slowdown. My initial idea was that if I'm drawing 64 sprites per frame and there's still more sprites that need to be drawn, I could pause the rendering by 16ms or so. However, in the NES games I've played, sometimes there's slowdown if there's not any sprite flickering going on whereas the game moves beautifully even if there is some sprite flickering. Perhaps give a value to each object that uses sprites on the screen (like the priority values above), and if the combined values of all objects w/ sprites surpass a threshold, introduce the sprite flickering? IN CONCLUSION... Does everything I wrote actually sound legitimate and could work, or is it a pipe dream? What improvements can you all possibly think with this game programming theory of mine?

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  • A* (A-star) implementation in AS3

    - by Bryan Hare
    Hey, I am putting together a project for a class that requires me to put AI in a top down Tactical Strategy game in Flash AS3. I decided that I would use a node based path finding approach because the game is based on a circular movement scheme. When a player moves a unit he essentially draws a series of line segments that connect that a player unit will follow along. I am trying to put together a similar operation for the AI units in our game by creating a list of nodes to traverse to a target node. Hence my use of Astar (the resulting path can be used to create this line). Here is my Algorithm function findShortestPath (startN:node, goalN:node) { var openSet:Array = new Array(); var closedSet:Array = new Array(); var pathFound:Boolean = false; startN.g_score = 0; startN.h_score = distFunction(startN,goalN); startN.f_score = startN.h_score; startN.fromNode = null; openSet.push (startN); var i:int = 0 for(i= 0; i< nodeArray.length; i++) { for(var j:int =0; j<nodeArray[0].length; j++) { if(!nodeArray[i][j].isPathable) { closedSet.push(nodeArray[i][j]); } } } while (openSet.length != 0) { var cNode:node = openSet.shift(); if (cNode == goalN) { resolvePath (cNode); return true; } closedSet.push (cNode); for (i= 0; i < cNode.dirArray.length; i++) { var neighborNode:node = cNode.nodeArray[cNode.dirArray[i]]; if (!(closedSet.indexOf(neighborNode) == -1)) { continue; } neighborNode.fromNode = cNode; var tenativeg_score:Number = cNode.gscore + distFunction(neighborNode.fromNode,neighborNode); if (openSet.indexOf(neighborNode) == -1) { neighborNode.g_score = neighborNode.fromNode.g_score + distFunction(neighborNode,cNode); if (cNode.dirArray[i] >= 4) { neighborNode.g_score -= 4; } neighborNode.h_score=distFunction(neighborNode,goalN); neighborNode.f_score=neighborNode.g_score+neighborNode.h_score; insertIntoPQ (neighborNode, openSet); //trace(" F Score of neighbor: " + neighborNode.f_score + " H score of Neighbor: " + neighborNode.h_score + " G_score or neighbor: " +neighborNode.g_score); } else if (tenativeg_score <= neighborNode.g_score) { neighborNode.fromNode=cNode; neighborNode.g_score=cNode.g_score+distFunction(neighborNode,cNode); if (cNode.dirArray[i]>=4) { neighborNode.g_score-=4; } neighborNode.f_score=neighborNode.g_score+neighborNode.h_score; openSet.splice (openSet.indexOf(neighborNode),1); //trace(" F Score of neighbor: " + neighborNode.f_score + " H score of Neighbor: " + neighborNode.h_score + " G_score or neighbor: " +neighborNode.g_score); insertIntoPQ (neighborNode, openSet); } } } trace ("fail"); return false; } Right now this function creates paths that are often not optimal or wholly inaccurate given the target and this generally happens when I have nodes that are not path able, and I am not quite sure what I am doing wrong right now. If someone could help me correct this I would appreciate it greatly. Some Notes My OpenSet is essentially a Priority Queue, so thats how I sort my nodes by cost. Here is that function function insertIntoPQ (iNode:node, pq:Array) { var inserted:Boolean=true; var iterater:int=0; while (inserted) { if (iterater==pq.length) { pq.push (iNode); inserted=false; } else if (pq[iterater].f_score >= iNode.f_score) { pq.splice (iterater,0,iNode); inserted=false; } ++iterater; } } Thanks!

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  • Astar implementation in AS3

    - by Bryan Hare
    Hey, I am putting together a project for a class that requires me to put AI in a top down Tactical Strategy game in Flash AS3. I decided that I would use a node based path finding approach because the game is based on a circular movement scheme. When a player moves a unit he essentially draws a series of line segments that connect that a player unit will follow along. I am trying to put together a similar operation for the AI units in our game by creating a list of nodes to traverse to a target node. Hence my use of Astar (the resulting path can be used to create this line). Here is my Algorithm function findShortestPath (startN:node, goalN:node) { var openSet:Array = new Array(); var closedSet:Array = new Array(); var pathFound:Boolean = false; startN.g_score = 0; startN.h_score = distFunction(startN,goalN); startN.f_score = startN.h_score; startN.fromNode = null; openSet.push (startN); var i:int = 0 for(i= 0; i< nodeArray.length; i++) { for(var j:int =0; j<nodeArray[0].length; j++) { if(!nodeArray[i][j].isPathable) { closedSet.push(nodeArray[i][j]); } } } while (openSet.length != 0) { var cNode:node = openSet.shift(); if (cNode == goalN) { resolvePath (cNode); return true; } closedSet.push (cNode); for (i= 0; i < cNode.dirArray.length; i++) { var neighborNode:node = cNode.nodeArray[cNode.dirArray[i]]; if (!(closedSet.indexOf(neighborNode) == -1)) { continue; } neighborNode.fromNode = cNode; var tenativeg_score:Number = cNode.gscore + distFunction(neighborNode.fromNode,neighborNode); if (openSet.indexOf(neighborNode) == -1) { neighborNode.g_score = neighborNode.fromNode.g_score + distFunction(neighborNode,cNode); if (cNode.dirArray[i] >= 4) { neighborNode.g_score -= 4; } neighborNode.h_score=distFunction(neighborNode,goalN); neighborNode.f_score=neighborNode.g_score+neighborNode.h_score; insertIntoPQ (neighborNode, openSet); //trace(" F Score of neighbor: " + neighborNode.f_score + " H score of Neighbor: " + neighborNode.h_score + " G_score or neighbor: " +neighborNode.g_score); } else if (tenativeg_score <= neighborNode.g_score) { neighborNode.fromNode=cNode; neighborNode.g_score=cNode.g_score+distFunction(neighborNode,cNode); if (cNode.dirArray[i]>=4) { neighborNode.g_score-=4; } neighborNode.f_score=neighborNode.g_score+neighborNode.h_score; openSet.splice (openSet.indexOf(neighborNode),1); //trace(" F Score of neighbor: " + neighborNode.f_score + " H score of Neighbor: " + neighborNode.h_score + " G_score or neighbor: " +neighborNode.g_score); insertIntoPQ (neighborNode, openSet); } } } trace ("fail"); return false; } Right now this function creates paths that are often not optimal or wholly inaccurate given the target and this generally happens when I have nodes that are not path able, and I am not quite sure what I am doing wrong right now. If someone could help me correct this I would appreciate it greatly. Some Notes My OpenSet is essentially a Priority Queue, so thats how I sort my nodes by cost. Here is that function function insertIntoPQ (iNode:node, pq:Array) { var inserted:Boolean=true; var iterater:int=0; while (inserted) { if (iterater==pq.length) { pq.push (iNode); inserted=false; } else if (pq[iterater].f_score >= iNode.f_score) { pq.splice (iterater,0,iNode); inserted=false; } ++iterater; } } Thanks!

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  • flex 4: swfloader - how to mute game completly

    - by ufk
    Hiya. Ive read some answers here regarding muting swfloader volume but none of the examples would work in flex 4. I tried doinf the following: this._swfGame.source=url; this._swfGame.soundTransform = new SoundTransform(0.0); this would shut down the volume of the preloader, but when the game starts the volume is back to normal. i tried adding the following to the previous code: this._swfGame.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE,this._configSwf); private function _configSwf(event:Event):void { this._swfGame.removeEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, _configSwf); var soundTransform:SoundTransform = new SoundTransform(0.0); // TODO: set proper volume this._swfGame.soundTransform = soundTransform; } but i got the same results. any ideas? thanks!

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  • updating score in card game

    - by Confused
    I am a total beginner with python. I need help updating the score of a card game. The scoring works as follows: Player A or B has a pair: score += 1 Player A asks Player B (vice versa) for a card and that player has it: score += 1 Player B doesn't have it, Player A has to draw a card. If there is pair after draw: score += 2 I have the logic down but I don't really know how to connect it together. I tried manually adding the scores in my functions, but it get's messy and complicated :( I assume I would have to make a new function for the score and call them in my other functions? I would appreciate the guidance, Thank-you!

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  • How do I consistently re-size my game window and elements?

    - by Milo
    In my 2D game, I have a flow layout. Inside the flow layout are tables. I have a slider that lets the user make the tables larger or smaller. This makes the background larger or smaller too. Everything should scale proportionally which means the background should stay at the same position when I make things larger, and it almost does. When the scrollbar is at 0, it does exactly this. As the scrollbar gets further down problems arise. I'll toggle the slider maybe 3 times and on the fourth time, the background jumps a little lower on the Y axis. In order to be efficient, I only start rendering the background near the parent of the flow layout. Here it is: void LobbyTableManager::renderBG( GraphicsContext* g, agui::Rectangle& absRect, agui::Rectangle& childRect ) { int cx, cy, cw, ch; g->getClippingRect(cx,cy,cw,ch); g->setClippingRect(absRect.getX(),absRect.getY(),absRect.getWidth(),absRect.getHeight()); float scale = 0.35f; int w = m_bgSprite->getWidth() * getTableScale() * scale; int h = m_bgSprite->getHeight() * getTableScale() * scale; int numX = ceil(absRect.getWidth() / (float)w) + 2; int numY = ceil(absRect.getHeight() / (float)h) + 2; float offsetX = m_activeTables[0]->getLocation().getX() - w; float offsetY = m_activeTables[0]->getLocation().getY() - h; int startY = childRect.getY(); if(moo) { std::cout << "S=" << startY << ","; } int numAttempts = 0; while(startY + h < absRect.getY() && numAttempts < 1000) { startY += h; if(moo) { std::cout << startY << ","; } numAttempts++; } if(moo) { std::cout << "\n"; moo = false; } g->holdDrawing(); for(int i = 0; i < numX; ++i) { for(int j = 0; j < numY; ++j) { g->drawScaledSprite(m_bgSprite,0,0,m_bgSprite->getWidth(),m_bgSprite->getHeight(), absRect.getX() + (i * w) + (offsetX),absRect.getY() + (j * h) + startY,w,h,0); } } g->unholdDrawing(); g->setClippingRect(cx,cy,cw,ch); } The numeric problem seems to be in the value of startY. I outputted startY figuring out its value: As you can see here, this is me only zooming in, pay attention to the final number before the next s=. You'll notice that, what should happen is, the numbers should be linear, ex: -40, -38, -36, -34, -32, -30, etc. As you'll notice, the start numbers linearly correlate ex: 62k, 64k, 66k, 68k, 70k etc.. but the end result is wrong every third or 4th time. Here is most of the resize code: void LobbyTableManager::setTableScale( float scale ) { scale += 0.3f; scale *= 2.0f; agui::Gui* gotGui = getGui(); float scrollRel = m_vScroll->getRelativeValue(); setScale(scale); rescaleTables(); resizeFlow(); if(gotGui) { gotGui->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(false); } updateScrollBars(); float newVal = scrollRel * m_vScroll->getMaxValue(); if((int)(newVal + 0.5f) > (int)newVal) { newVal++; } m_vScroll->setValue(newVal); static int x = 0; x++; moo = true; //std::cout << m_vScroll->getValue() << std::endl; if(gotGui) { gotGui->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(true); } if(gotGui) { gotGui->_widgetLocationChanged(); } } void LobbyTableManager::valueChanged( agui::VScrollBar* source,int val ) { if(getGui()) { getGui()->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(false); } m_flow->setLocation(0,-val); if(getGui()) { getGui()->toggleWidgetLocationChanged(true); getGui()->_widgetLocationChanged(); } }

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  • Complicated idea - how to create car racing for my RPG game's players

    - by Donator
    So, I want to create car racing for my RPG game's players. Player can create race and choose how many participants can participate in race. After race is being created, other people can join it. When the maximum participants are collected, race begins. My idea, when the last participant joins, then instantly choose the winner (who's car is the best, that person wins), but how can I do it? If I choose to pick the winner after the last participant joins, then I have to put many queries in one page (select data from table, then delete the race, then select players' cars' statistics and pick the winner and then again, using mysql, send message to everyone). But this idea is really not optimal and it will lag cruelly for that last person. Maybe you have any ideas how I can avoid lag and make it more optimal. Thank you very much.

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  • GraphicsDevice is null in my XNA Windows Game project

    - by indyK1ng
    Hello All, I have just started trying to make a simple game with XNA 3.1 to help myself learn C# and XNA. I have run into a bit of an interesting problem, however. In all of the tutorials, one is supposed to pass GraphicsDevice when instantiating a new spriteBatch object like this: spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); One might even do this: GraphicsDevice objGraphics = new graphics.GraphicsDevice; spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(objGraphics); where graphics is the GraphicsDeviceManager. However, no matter which version I try, I always get an ArgumentNullException when I try to pass the GraphicsDevice object to spriteBatch's constructor. Almost every tutorial I have found gives the first one and only one mentioned the second option. Has anyone else run into a similar error or know what could be causing this? I am working in Windows 7 x64 with Visual Studio 2008.

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  • iPhone game audio and background music

    - by Boon
    Have a few questions related to adding sounds to my game, specifically intro music (for splash), background music (loop) and button event sounds. Hope you can share your knowledge on this. 1) Should I use compressed sounds or uncompressed sounds? Or perhaps a combination of the two? Are there any limitations on the iPhone hardware that I should be aware of -- for example, the ability to play multiple compressed sounds? 2) What's the best audio format for my purpose? 3) For background music, I am thinking of using AVAudioPlayer. For button event sounds, I am thinking of using AudioServicesPlaySystemSound, what do you think? 4) Any other issues I should be aware of? Thank you!

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  • How to permanently change a variable in a Python game loop

    - by Wehrdo
    I have a game loop like this: #The velocity of the object velocity_x = 0.09 velocity_y = 0.03 #If the location of the object is over 5, bounce off. if loc_x > 5: velocity_x = (velocity_x * -1) if loc_y > 5: velocity_y = (velocity_y * -1) #Every frame set the object's position to the old position plus the velocity obj.setPosition([(loc_x + velocity_x),(loc_y + velocity_y),0]) Basically, my problem is that in the if loops, I change the variable from its original value to the inverse of its old value. But because I declare the variable's value at the beginning of the script, the velocity variables don't stay on what I change it to. I need a way to change the variable's value permanently. Thank you!

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  • summer experiment: GWT & python for a trading game- arch question

    - by sadhu_
    Hi, As a summer learning experiment, I'm thinking of coding up a web front end for a trading game i wrote in python, that generates share prices and random snippets of text. I am sort of struggling with how this should work on the back-end though. I'd rather have my GWT client page interact with the python share price generator, than to try and re-code it in java. I suppose i could use an sqlite db, and then use jdbc to pick up the prices, but i was wondering if there is a better way, for me to be able to poll some python script either from my client page, or from the serverside java code ? I found this python wrapper, but i'm not sure how i could use it though: http://code.google.com/apis/visualization/documentation/dev/gviz_api_lib.html Thanks.

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  • How to implement image map type interface for a game board in Java 6

    - by Billy
    My group project at school is to implement a style of monopoly in which students can buy courses and land on various squares and move around the board. This is not a regular square board so we were wondering if anyone had any ideas on how we would implement an image map or something like it to create many clickable regions not in a perfect square. I have attached the image of the game board. Just a way to start is needed, not lots of code or anything as we all know java pretty well. If anyone has any ideas that would be great. Image of board is here. http://imgur.com/fH5WC.png

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  • Actionscript 3.0 platformer game

    - by Jez
    I have an flash game with the following code (http://pastie.org/9248528) When I run it, the player just falls and doesn't stop when he hits a platform. I tried debugging it and I had an error with moveCharacter's timer, but I don't know if that is the main problem. I put the player inside the wall and debugged it using breakpoints and it didn't detect that the player was inside the wall, skipping moving it to outside of the wall. If anyone has any ideas on what is wrong with my code then that would be great thanks!

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  • Free service that allows storing game data online?

    - by StackedCrooked
    I have created a small game in Java and I would like to add the ability for a player to publish his highscores online. I'm willing to write the server software myself (it's easy these days with Ruby Mongrel, or even C++). All I just need to have some sort hosting. One solution that immediately comes to mind is Amazon EC2. But that's kind of expensive for my needs. Since the requirements are very minimal (I don't even need a website, just a web service) I think there may be a cheaper solution out there. Does anyone know of a free or cheap provider for this kind of thing?

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  • How to have game audio loop at a certain point

    - by Essential
    I have a storm in my game, and so I've made an ambient audio file which slowly grows into a storm and rain fades in, which then becomes a loopable storm audio file. Here is how I've done it: // Play intro clip and merge into main loop var introTime = stormIntro.length; AudioSource.PlayClipAtPoint( stormIntro, Vector3.zero, 0.7 ); Invoke( "StormMusic", introTime ); The way I'm currently trying to do it is get the length of the storm_intro audio clip, play the clip, and then invoke storm_loop to begin after the length of the intro has completed. This kinda works, but not really because there's occasionally a gap between the two. So how can I do it so the transition is seamless?

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  • Finding the longest road in a Settlers of Catan game algorithmically

    - by Jay
    I'm writing a Settlers of Catan clone for a class. One of the extra credit features is automatically determining which player has the longest road. I've thought about it, and it seems like some slight variation on depth-first search could work, but I'm having trouble figuring out what to do with cycle detection, how to handle the joining of a player's two initial road networks, and a few other minutiae. How could I do this algorithmically? For those unfamiliar with the game, I'll try to describe the problem concisely and abstractly: I need to find the longest possible path in an undirected cyclic graph.

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  • Google Chrome hardware acceleration making game run slow

    - by powerc9000
    So I have been working on a game in HTML5 canvas and noticed that the games lags and performs much slower when hardware acceleration is turned on in Google Chrome then when it is turned off. You can try for yourself here From doing some profiling I see that the problem lies in drawImage. More specifically drawing one canvas onto another. I do a lot of this. Hardware Acceleration on. Hardware Acceleration off. Is there something fundamental I am missing with one canvas to another? Why would the difference be that profound?

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