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  • Android - Autocomplete with contacts

    - by The Salt
    I've created an AutoCompleteTextView box that displays the names of all contacts, but after looking in the Android APIs, it seems my method is probably quite inefficient. Currently I am grabbing a cursor of the all the contacts, placing each name and each contact id into two different arrays, then passing the name array to the AutoCompleteTextView. When a user selects an item, I lookup which ID the contact selected in the second id array created above. Code below: private ContactNames mContactData; // Fill the autocomplete textbox Cursor contactsCursor = grabContacts(); mContactData = new ContactNames(contactsCursor); ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.contact_name, mContactData.namesArray); mNameText.setAdapter(adapter); private class ContactNames { private String[] namesArray; private long[] idsArray; private ContactNames(Cursor cur) { namesArray = new String[cur.getCount()]; idsArray = new long[cur.getCount()]; String name; Long contactid; // Get column id's int nameColumn = cur.getColumnIndex(People.NAME); int idColumn = cur.getColumnIndex(People._ID); int i=0; cur.moveToFirst(); // Check that there are actually any contacts returned by the cursor if (cur.getCount()>0){ do { // Get the field values name = cur.getString(nameColumn); contactid = Long.parseLong(cur.getString(idColumn)); // Do something with the values. namesArray[i] = name; idsArray[i] = contactid; i++; } while (cur.moveToNext()); } } private long search(String name){ // Lookup name in the contact list that we've put in an array int indexOfName = Arrays.binarySearch(namesArray, name); long contact = 0; if (indexOfName>=0) { contact = idsArray[indexOfName]; } return contact; } } private Cursor grabContacts(){ // Form an array specifying which columns to return. String[] projection = new String[] {People._ID, People.NAME}; // Get the base URI for the People table in the Contacts content provider. Uri contacts = People.CONTENT_URI; // Make the query. Cursor managedCursor = managedQuery(contacts, projection, null, null, People.NAME + " ASC"); // Put the results in ascending order by name startManagingCursor(managedCursor); return managedCursor; } There must be a better way of doing this - basically I'm struggling to see how I can find which item a user selected in an AutoCompleteTextView. Any ideas? Cheers.

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  • How to fix these compiler errors?

    - by Sandra Schlichting
    I have this source code from 2001 that I would like to compile. It gives this: $ make g++ -O99 -Wall -DLINUX -pedantic -c -o audio.o audio.cpp In file included from audio.cpp:7: audio.h:14: error: use of enum ‘mad_flow’ without previous declaration audio.h:15: error: use of enum ‘mad_flow’ without previous declaration audio.h:17: error: use of enum ‘mad_flow’ without previous declaration audio.cpp: In function ‘mad_flow audio::input(void*, mad_stream*)’: audio.cpp:19: error: new declaration ‘mad_flow audio::input(void*, mad_stream*)’ audio.h:14: error: ambiguates old declaration ‘int audio::input(void*, mad_stream*)’ audio.h:11: error: ‘size_t audio::stream::BufferPos’ is private audio.cpp:23: error: within this context audio.h:11: error: ‘size_t audio::stream::BufferSize’ is private audio.cpp:23: error: within this context audio.h:10: error: ‘char* audio::stream::Buffer’ is private audio.cpp:26: error: within this context audio.h:11: error: ‘size_t audio::stream::BufferSize’ is private audio.cpp:26: error: within this context audio.h:11: error: ‘size_t audio::stream::BufferPos’ is private audio.cpp:27: error: within this context audio.h:11: error: ‘size_t audio::stream::BufferSize’ is private audio.cpp:27: error: within this context audio.cpp: In function ‘mad_flow audio::output(void*, const mad_header*, mad_pcm*)’: audio.cpp:49: error: new declaration ‘mad_flow audio::output(void*, const mad_header*, mad_pcm*)’ audio.h:15: error: ambiguates old declaration ‘int audio::output(void*, const mad_header*, mad_pcm*)’ audio.cpp: In function ‘mad_flow audio::error(void*, mad_stream*, mad_frame*)’: audio.cpp:83: error: new declaration ‘mad_flow audio::error(void*, mad_stream*, mad_frame*)’ audio.h:17: error: ambiguates old declaration ‘int audio::error(void*, mad_stream*, mad_frame*)’ audio.cpp: In constructor ‘audio::stream::stream(const char*)’: audio.cpp:119: error: ‘input’ was not declared in this scope audio.cpp:122: error: ‘output’ was not declared in this scope audio.cpp:123: error: ‘error’ was not declared in this scope make: *** [audio.o] Error 1 audio.h contains #include <stdlib.h> #include "mad.h" namespace audio { class stream { private: char* Buffer; size_t BufferSize, BufferPos; struct mad_decoder Decoder; friend enum mad_flow input(void* Data, struct mad_stream* MadStream); friend enum mad_flow output(void* Data, const struct mad_header* Header, struct mad_pcm* PCM); friend enum mad_flow error(void* Data, struct mad_stream* MadStream, struct mad_frame* Frame); public: stream(const char* FileName); ~stream(); void play(); }; } I have tried to just insert enum mad_flow {}; but that just gave a new problem. Can anyone see how to fix this?

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  • flash.display.Loader blocks on load in release build

    - by Anders
    I'm loading a swf-file from my program written in as3 using the flash.display.Loader class. When I'm using the debug build configuration in FlashDevelop everything works fine. But when I'm using the release build configuration the program freezes for around two seconds efter the loader sends the progress events and before sending the complete event. This is my program: package { import flash.display.Loader; import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.ProgressEvent; import flash.net.URLRequest; import flash.system.LoaderContext; import flash.system.ApplicationDomain; import flash.text.TextField; public class Main extends Sprite { private var frameCounter:int; private var frameCounterField:TextField = new TextField; private var statusField:TextField = new TextField; function Main():void { if (stage) init(); else addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init); } private function init(e:Event = null):void { removeEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init); addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, frame); frameCounterField.text = "On frame " + frameCounter.toString(); addChild(frameCounterField); statusField.y = 40; statusField.width = 300; addChild(statusField); var context:LoaderContext = new LoaderContext(false, ApplicationDomain.currentDomain, null); var urlReq:URLRequest = new URLRequest("SomeFile.swf"); var loader:Loader = new Loader(); loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(ProgressEvent.PROGRESS, onProgress); loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onComplete); loader.load(urlReq, context); } private function frame(event:Event):void { frameCounterField.text = "On frame " + (++frameCounter).toString(); } private function onProgress(event:ProgressEvent):void { statusField.appendText("Progress on frame: " + frameCounter.toString() + " Loaded: " + event.bytesLoaded + " / " + event.bytesTotal + "\n"); } private function onComplete(event:Event):void { statusField.appendText("Completed on frame: " + frameCounter.toString() + "\n"); } } } In release I get the following output on the first frame: On frame 1 Progress on frame: 1 Loaded: 0 / 182468 Progress on frame: 1 Loaded: 65536 / 182468 Progress on frame: 1 Loaded: 131072 / 182468 Progress on frame: 1 Loaded: 182468 / 182468 After around two seconds where the program is frozen the line Completed on frame: 2 is added and the 'On frame X' counter starts ticking up. Debug build produces the same output but without the freeze. Not all swf-files I have tried loading triggers the problem. The size of the file doesn't seem to affect anything. I have tried compiling and running on another computer with the same result. What could cause this problem?

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  • Custom Control Not Playing Nice With PropertyGrid

    - by lumberjack4
    I have a class that is implementing a custom ToolStripItem. Everything seems to work great until I try to add the item to a ContextMenuStrip at design time. If I try to add my custom control straight from the ContextMenuStrip the PropertyGrid freezes up and will not let me modify my Checked or Text properties. But if I go into the ContextMenuStrip PropertyGrid and add my custom control through the Items(...) property, I can modify the custom control just fine within that dialog. I'm not sure if I'm missing an attribute somewhere of if its a problem with the underlying code. Here is a copy of the CustomToolStripItem class. As you can see, its a very simple class. [ToolStripItemDesignerAvailability(ToolStripItemDesignerAvailability.ContextMenuStrip)] public class CustomToolStripItem : ToolStripControlHost { #region Public Properties [Description("Gets or sets a value indicating whether the object is in the checked state")] [ReadOnly(false)] public bool Checked { get { return checkBox.Checked; } set { checkBox.Checked = value; } } [Description("Gets or sets the object's text")] [ReadOnly(false)] public override string Text { get { return checkBox.Text; } set { checkBox.Text = value; } } #endregion Public Properties #region Public Events public event EventHandler CheckedChanged; #endregion Public Events #region Constructors public CustomToolStripItem() : base(new FlowLayoutPanel()) { // Setup the FlowLayoutPanel. controlPanel = (FlowLayoutPanel)base.Control; controlPanel.BackColor = Color.Transparent; // Add the child controls. checkBox.AutoSize = true; controlPanel.Controls.Add(checkBox); ContextMenuStrip strip = new ContextMenuStrip(); } #endregion Constructors #region Protected Methods protected override void OnSubscribeControlEvents(Control control) { base.OnSubscribeControlEvents(control); checkBox.CheckedChanged += new EventHandler(CheckChanged); } protected override void OnUnsubscribeControlEvents(Control control) { base.OnUnsubscribeControlEvents(control); checkBox.CheckedChanged -= new EventHandler(CheckChanged); } #endregion Protected Methods #region Private Methods private void CheckChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Throw the CustomToolStripItem's CheckedChanged event EventHandler handler = CheckedChanged; if (handler != null) { handler(sender, e); } } #endregion Private Methods #region Private Fields private FlowLayoutPanel controlPanel; private CheckBox checkBox = new CheckBox(); #endregion Private Fields }

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  • Running Command via Java ProccesBuilder Different to Running the same in the Shell

    - by Tom Duckering
    I'm tearing my hair out trying to work out why the command I'm executing via Java using a ProcessBuilder & Process is not working. I run the "same" command at the Windows command line and it works as expected. It must be that they're not the same but I can't for the life of me work out why. The command is this: ccm start -nogui -m -q -n ccm_admin -r developer -d /path/to/db/databasename -s http://hostname:8400 -pw Passw0rd789$ The output is should be a single line string that I need to grab and set as an environment variable (hence the v. basic use of the BufferedReader). My Java code, which when it runs the command gets an application error, looks like this with entry point being startCCMAndGetCCMAddress(): private static String ccmAddress = ""; private static final String DATABASE_PATH = "/path/to/db/databasename"; private static final String SYNERGY_URL = "http://hostname:8400"; private static final String USERNAME = "ccm_admin"; private static final String PASSWORD = "Passw0rd789$"; private static final String USER_ROLE = "developer"; public static List<String> getCCMStartCommand() { List<String> command = new ArrayList<String>(); command.add("cmd.exe"); command.add("/C"); command.add("ccm"); command.add("start"); command.add("-nogui"); command.add("-m"); command.add("-q"); command.add("-n "+USERNAME); command.add("-r "+USER_ROLE); command.add("-d "+DATABASE_PATH); command.add("-s "+SYNERGY_URL); command.add("-pw "+PASSWORD); return command; } private static String startCCMAndGetCCMAddress() throws IOException, CCMCommandException { int processExitValue = 0; List<String> command = getCCMStartCommand(); System.err.println("Will run: "+command); ProcessBuilder procBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(command); procBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true); Process proc = procBuilder.start(); BufferedReader outputBr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream())); try { proc.waitFor(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { processExitValue = proc.exitValue(); } String outputLine = outputBr.readLine(); outputBr.close(); if (processExitValue != 0) { throw new CCMCommandException("Command failed with output: " + outputLine); } if (outputLine == null) { throw new CCMCommandException("Command returned zero but there was no output"); } return outputLine; } The output of the System.err.println(...) is: Will run: [cmd.exe, /C, ccm, start, -nogui, -m, -q, -n ccm_admin, -r developer, -d /path/to/db/databasename, -s http://hostname:8400, -pw Passw0rd789$]

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  • design of orm tool

    - by ifree
    Hello , I want to design a orm tool for my daily work, but I'm always worry about the mapping of foreign key. Here's part of my code: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Data; namespace OrmTool { [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property)] public class ColumnAttribute:Attribute { public string Name { get; set; } public SqlDbType DataType { get; set; } public bool IsPk { get; set; } } [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class,AllowMultiple=false,Inherited=false)] public class TableAttribute:Attribute { public string TableName { get; set; } public string Description { get; set; } } [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property)] public class ReferencesAttribute : ColumnAttribut { public Type Host { get; set; } public string HostPkName{get;set;} } } I want to use Attribute to get the metadata of Entity ,then mapping them,but i think it's really hard to get it done; public class DbUtility { private static readonly string CONNSTR = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["connstr"].ConnectionString; private static readonly Type TableType = typeof(TableAttribute); private static readonly Type ColumnType = typeof(ColumnAttribute); private static readonly Type ReferenceType = typeof(ReferencesAttribute); private static IList<TEntity> EntityListGenerator<TEntity>(string tableName,PropertyInfo[] props,params SqlParameter[] paras) { return null; } private static IList<TEntity> ResultList() { return null; } private static SqlCommand PrepareCommand(string sql,SqlConnection conn,params SqlParameter[] paras) { SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); cmd.CommandText = sql; cmd.Connection = conn; if (paras != null) cmd.Parameters.AddRange(paras); conn.Open(); return cmd; } } I don't know how to do the next step, if every Entity has it's own foreign key,how do I get the return result ? If the Entity like this: [Table(Name="ArtBook")] public class ArtBook{ [column(Name="id",IsPk=true,DataType=SqlDbType.Int)] public int Id{get;set;} [References(Name="ISBNId",DataType=SqlDataType.Int,Host=typeof(ISBN),HostPkName="Id")] public ISBN BookISBN{get;set;} public .....more properties. } public class ISBN{ public int Id{get;set;} public bool IsNative{get;set;} } If I read all ArtBooks from database and when I get a ReferencesAttribute how do I set the value of BookISBN?

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  • WPF ComboBox SelectedValue not updating from binding source.

    - by vg1890
    Here's my binding source object: Public Class MyListObject Private _mylist As New ObservableCollection(Of String) Private _selectedName As String Public Sub New(ByVal nameList As List(Of String), ByVal defaultName As String) For Each name In nameList _mylist.Add(name) Next _selectedName = defaultName End Sub Public ReadOnly Property MyList() As ObservableCollection(Of String) Get Return _mylist End Get End Property Public ReadOnly Property SelectedName() As String Get Return _selectedName End Get End Property End Class Here is my XAML: <Window x:Class="Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1" > <Window.Resources> <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="MyListObject" ObjectInstance="" /> </Window.Resources> <Grid> <ComboBox Height="23" Margin="24,91,53,0" Name="ComboBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" SelectedValue="{Binding Path=SelectedName, Source={StaticResource MyListObject}, Mode=OneWay}" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=MyList, Source={StaticResource MyListObject}, Mode=OneWay}" /> <Button Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="47,0,0,87" Name="btn_List1" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Width="75">List 1</Button> <Button Height="23" Margin="0,0,75,87" Name="btn_List2" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Width="75">List 2</Button> </Grid> </Window> Here's the code-behind: Class Window1 Private obj1 As MyListObject Private obj2 As MyListObject Private odp As ObjectDataProvider Public Sub New() InitializeComponent() Dim namelist1 As New List(Of String) namelist1.Add("Joe") namelist1.Add("Steve") obj1 = New MyListObject(namelist1, "Steve") . Dim namelist2 As New List(Of String) namelist2.Add("Bob") namelist2.Add("Tim") obj2 = New MyListObject(namelist2, "Tim") odp = DirectCast(Me.FindResource("MyListObject"), ObjectDataProvider) odp.ObjectInstance = obj1 End Sub Private Sub btn_List1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs) Handles btn_List1.Click odp.ObjectInstance = obj1 End Sub Private Sub btn_List2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs) Handles btn_List2.Click odp.ObjectInstance = obj2 End Sub End Class When the Window first loads, the bindings hook up fine. The ComboBox contains the names "Joe" and "Steve" and "Steve" is selected by default. However, when I click a button to switch the ObjectInstance to obj2, the ComboBox ItemsSource gets populated correctly in the dropdown, but the SelectedValue is set to Nothing instead of being equal to obj2.SelectedName. Thanks in advance!

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  • Spring JPA and persistence.xml

    - by bmw0128
    I'm trying to set up a Spring JPA Hibernate simple example WAR for deployment to Glassfish. I see some examples use a persistence.xml file, and other examples do not. Some examples use a dataSource, and some do not. So far my understanding is that a dataSource is not needed if I have: <persistence-unit name="educationPU" transaction-type="JTA"> <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider> <class>com.coe.jpa.StudentProfile</class> <properties> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/COE" /> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" /> <property name="show_sql" value="true" /> <property name="dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" /> </properties> </persistence-unit> I can deploy fine, but my EntityManager is not getting injected by Spring. My applicationContext.xml: <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="educationPU" /> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" /> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> <bean id="StudentProfileDAO" class="com.coe.jpa.StudentProfileDAO"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="studentService" class="com.coe.services.StudentService"> </bean> My class with the EntityManager: public class StudentService { private String saveMessage; private String showModal; private String modalHeader; private StudentProfile studentProfile; private String lastName; private String firstName; @PersistenceContext(unitName="educationPU") private EntityManager em; @Transactional public String save() { System.out.println("*** em: " + this.em); //em is null this.studentProfile= new StudentProfile(); this.saveMessage = "saved"; this.showModal = "true"; this.modalHeader= "Information Saved"; return "successs"; } My web.xml: <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> Are there any pieces I am missing to have Spring inject "em" in to StudentService?

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  • Java: why is declaration not sufficient in interface?

    - by HH
    Big class contains Format-interfcase and Format-class. The Format-class contains the methods and the interface has the values of the fields. I could have the fields in the class Format but the goal is with Interface. So do I just create dummy-vars to get the errors away, design issue or something ELSE? KEY: Declaration VS Initialisation Explain by the terms, why you have to init in interface. What is the logic behind it? To which kind of problems it leads the use of interface? Sample Code having the init-interface-problem import java.util.*; import java.io.*; public class FormatBig { private static class Format implements Format { private static long getSize(File f){return f.length();} private static long getTime(File f){return f.lastModified();} private static boolean isFile(File f){if(f.isFile()){return true;}} private static boolean isBinary(File f){return Match.isBinary(f);} private static char getType(File f){return Match.getTypes(f);} private static String getPath(File f){return getNoErrPath(f);} //Java API: isHidden, --- SYSTEM DEPENDED: toURI, toURL Format(File f) { // PUZZLE 0: would Stack<Object> be easier? size=getSize(f); time=getTime(f); isfile=isFile(f); isBinary=isBinary(f); type=getType(f); path=getPath(f); //PUZZLE 1: how can simplify the assignment? values.push(size); values.push(time); values.push(isfile); values.push(isBinary); values.push(type); values.push(path); } } public static String getNoErrPath(File f) { try{return f.getCanonicalPath(); }catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} } public static final interface Format { //ERR: IT REQUIRES "=" public long size; public long time; public boolean isFile=true; //ERROR goes away if I initialise wit DUMMY public boolean isBinary; public char type; public String path; Stack<Object> values=new Stack<Object>(); } public static void main(String[] args) { Format fm=new Format(new File(".")); for(Object o:values){System.out.println(o);} } }

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  • Java - How to make a set of JInternalFrame independant of each other?

    - by Amokrane
    Hello, I'm programming a short Paint program like and I'm trying to make an MDI architecture for it. To make that happen, I used JInternalFrame inside a JDesktopPane. Although I kind of obtain multiple frames, there are not really working properly. Basically, if I have 2 JInternalFrame I can draw only on the last one. The other one seems to be disabled. Here is a short video illustrating the problem. http://bit.ly/9ydiwM Here are some part of the code. Panneau.java public class Panneau extends JDesktopPane { /** La liste de fenêtres ouvertes */ private static ArrayList<Cadre> cadres; /** Le pannel comportant la liste des formes à dessiner*/ private Pannel pannel; /** La barre d'outils */ private ToolBox toolBox; public Panneau() { this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); // Initialisations des listes de cadres cadres = new ArrayList<Cadre>(); // En haut ToolBox toolBox = new ToolBox(); this.add(toolBox, BorderLayout.NORTH); **// Intialisation de la première internal frame Cadre cadre = new Cadre(); this.add(cadre, BorderLayout.CENTER);** cadres.add(cadre); // Ajout du pannel à gauche pannel = new Pannel(); this.add(pannel, BorderLayout.WEST); } /** * Crée une nouvelle fenêtre de dessin * */ **public void createNewInternalFrame() { Cadre cadre = new Cadre(); this.add(cadre, BorderLayout.CENTER); cadres.add(cadre); }** } public class Cadre extends JInternalFrame { /** Largeur par d'une fenêtre interne */ private int width; /** Hauteur d'une fenêtre interne */ private int height; /** Titre d'une fenêtre interne */ private String title; /** Toile associée à la fenêtre interne */ private Toile toile; public Cadre() { width = 400; height = 400; title = "Form"; toile = new Toile(); this.setTitle(title); this.setSize(width, height); this.setEnabled(true); this.setResizable(true); this.setAutoscrolls(true); this.setClosable(true); this.setIconifiable(true); this.setDoubleBuffered(true); this.setContentPane(toile); this.setVisible(true); this.pack(); } } Basically, Panneau is the main Window that contains all the differents parts of the GUI. I can create as much JInternalFrame that I want, using : Panneau.createNewInternalFrame(). Toile is basically where I draw my shapes. Any idea ? Thanks

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  • Entity Framework looking for wrong column

    - by m.edmondson
    I'm brand new to the Entity Framework and trying to learn all it can offer. I'm currently working my way through the MVC Music Store tutorial which includes the following code: public ActionResult Browse(string genre) { // Retrieve Genre and its Associated Albums from database var genreModel = storeDB.Genres.Include("Albums") .Single(g => g.Name == genre); return View(genreModel); } as I'm working in VB I converted it like so: Function Browse(ByVal genre As String) As ActionResult 'Retrieve Genre and its Associated Albums from database Dim genreModel = storeDB.Genres.Include("Albums"). _ Single(Function(g) g.Name = genre) Return(View(genreModel)) End Function The problem is I'm getting the following exception: Invalid column name 'GenreGenreId'. Which I know is true, but I can't for the life of my work out where it's getting 'GenreGenreId' from. Probably a basic question but I'll appreciate any help in the right direction. As per requested here is the source for my classes: Album.vb Public Class Album Private _title As String Private _genre As Genre Private _AlbumId As Int32 Private _GenreId As Int32 Private _ArtistId As Int32 Private _Price As Decimal Private _AlbumArtUrl As String Public Property Title As String Get Return _title End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _title = value End Set End Property Public Property AlbumId As Int16 Get Return _AlbumId End Get Set(ByVal value As Int16) _AlbumId = value End Set End Property Public Property GenreId As Int16 Get Return _GenreId End Get Set(ByVal value As Int16) _GenreId = value End Set End Property Public Property ArtistId As Int16 Get Return _ArtistId End Get Set(ByVal value As Int16) _ArtistId = value End Set End Property Public Property AlbumArtUrl As String Get Return _AlbumArtUrl End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _AlbumArtUrl = value End Set End Property Public Property Price As Decimal Get Return _Price End Get Set(ByVal value As Decimal) _Price = value End Set End Property Public Property Genre As Genre Get Return _genre End Get Set(ByVal value As Genre) _genre = value End Set End Property End Class Genre.vb Public Class Genre Dim _genreId As Int32 Dim _Name As String Dim _Description As String Dim _Albums As List(Of Album) Public Property GenreId As Int32 Get Return _genreId End Get Set(ByVal value As Int32) _genreId = value End Set End Property Public Property Name As String Get Return _Name End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _Name = value End Set End Property Public Property Description As String Get Return _Description End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _Description = value End Set End Property Public Property Albums As List(Of Album) Get Return _Albums End Get Set(ByVal value As List(Of Album)) _Albums = value End Set End Property End Class MusicStoreEntities.vb Imports System.Data.Entity Namespace MvcApplication1 Public Class MusicStoreEntities Inherits DbContext Public Property Albums As DbSet(Of Album) Public Property Genres As DbSet(Of Genre) End Class End Namespace

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  • Nhibernate: mapping two different properties between the same 2 entities

    - by Carlos Decas
    I have a Class A: public class ClassA { public int ID {get; private set;} public string Code {get; private set;} public ClassB B {get; private set;} public IList<ClassB> ListB {get; private set;} } And a ClassB: public class ClassB { public int ID {get; private set;} public string Code {get; private set;} public ClassA A {get; private set;} //some other attributes... } And the Mappings: public ClassAMap() { Table("ClassA"); Id(classA => classA .ID, "ID").GeneratedBy.Identity(); Map(classA => classA.Code, "Code").Unique().Not.Nullable(); //HERE IS THE PROBLEM: -------- References(classA => classA.B,"IDClassB").Cascade.SaveUpdate(); //----- HasMany(classA => classA.ListB).Table("ClassB").KeyColumn("IDClassA").AsBag().Not.LazyLoad().Inverse().Cascade.AllDeleteOrphan(); } ClassB Mappings: public ClassBMap() { Table("ClassB"); Id(classB => classB.ID).GeneratedBy.Identity(); References(classB => classB.A, "IDClassA").ForeignKey("ID").Cascade.SaveUpdate(); } The mappings for ListB in classA worked ok, because at first the was only ListB property and not B, when i had to map B i tried this: References(classA => classA.B,"IDClassB"); The mapping test failed because B wasn't saved, so i did this: References(classA => classA.B,"IDClassB").Cascade.SaveUpdate(); This time B was saved, but by saving B, classA was inserted two times, by A.B and by B.A. How can i solve this problem? Why does it work for the ListB property and not for the B property? Thanks

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  • Android - binding to service

    - by tommy
    Hi: I can't seem to get an activity to bind to a service in the same package. The activity looks like this: public class myApp extends TabActivity { static private String TAG = "myApp"; private myService mService = null; private ServiceConnection mServiceConn = new ServiceConnection(){ public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { Log.v(TAG, "Service: " + name + " connected"); mService = ((myService.myBinder)service).getService(); } public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { Log.v(TAG, "Service: " + name + " disconnected"); } }; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); doBind(); Log.i(TAG, "Started (UI Thread)"); // set content setContentView(R.layout.main); Resources res = getResources(); // Resource object to get Drawables TabHost tabHost = getTabHost(); // The activity TabHost ... add some tabs here.... tabHost.setCurrentTab(0); } private void doBind(){ Intent i = new Intent(this,myService.class); if( bindService(i, mServiceConn, 0 )){ Log.i(TAG, "Service bound"); } else { Log.e(TAG, "Service not bound"); } } } Then the service: public class myService extends Service { private String TAG = "myService"; private boolean mRunning = false; @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startid) { Log.i(TAG,"Service start"); mRunning = true; Log.d(TAG,"Finished onStartCommand"); return START_STICKY; } /* * Called on service stop */ @Override public void onDestroy(){ Log.i(TAG,"onDestroy"); mRunning = false; super.onDestroy(); } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mBinder; } boolean isRunning() { return mRunning; } /* * class for binding */ private final IBinder mBinder = new myBinder(); public class myBinder extends Binder { myService getService() { return myService.this; } } } bindService returns true, but onServiceConnection is never called (mService is always null, so I can't do something like mService.isRunning() ) The manifest entry for the service is just: <service android:name=".myService"></service> I was copying the code direct from the Android developers site, but I must have missed something.

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  • to write log files in two different files

    - by Sun
    my application run on customized client framework,the client framework used log4net to log their own log files. we are(our application) has to use the same log4net to log our log files in our own path(say our customized path). currently the our log files are created but log are not writing in that file.it is writting in the client framework log file. searched lot of sites the link http://stackoverflow.com/questions/308436/log4net-programmatcially-specify-multiple-loggers-with-multiple-file-appenders helped me to configure the log4net config programatically, still im log statemets are not written in my log file.the code used as below public class TraceLog { private string message = string.Empty; private static ILog ILogger = null; private static TraceLog instance = new TraceLog(); private TraceLog() { SetLevel("Log4net.MainForm", "ALL"); AddAppender("Log4net.MainForm", CreateFileAppender("FileAppender", "C:\\mylog.log")); } public static TraceLog Instance { get { return instance; } } public void Debug(string logMessage) { message = PrepareLog(logMessage); ILogger.Debug(message); } protected string PrepareLog(string logMessage) { string message = GetFileMethodLineNumberInfo(); message += logMessage; return message; } protected string GetFileMethodLineNumberInfo() { StackTrace stackTrace = new StackTrace(true); // The position 3 is relative to the index of the specified method StackFrame stackFrame = stackTrace.GetFrame(3); return (stackFrame.GetMethod().DeclaringType.Name + "/" + stackFrame.GetMethod().Name + "/" + stackFrame.GetFileLineNumber() + ":"); } private static void SetLevel(string loggerName, string levelName) { ILogger = LogManager.GetLogger(loggerName); log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Logger l = (log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Logger)ILogger.Logger; l.Level = l.Hierarchy.LevelMap[levelName]; } private static void AddAppender(string loggerName, IAppender appender) { ILogger = LogManager.GetLogger(loggerName); log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Logger l = (log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Logger)ILogger.Logger; l.AddAppender(appender); } private static IAppender CreateFileAppender(string name, string fileName) { FileAppender appender = new FileAppender(); appender.Name = name; appender.File = fileName; appender.AppendToFile = true; //PatternLayout layout = new PatternLayout(); //layout.ConversionPattern = "%d [%t] %-5p %c [%x] - %m%n"; //layout.ActivateOptions(); //appender.Layout = layout; appender.ActivateOptions(); return appender; } } } anyone pls help how to solve this

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  • Picture changing in vb6

    - by Dario Dias
    I was trying this script from a pdf file.I got stuck where the target image should change to exploding image if clicked but the target image does not change from the standing image.Please Help! Option Explicit Dim fiPlayersScore As Integer Dim fiNumberofMisses As Integer Dim fbTargetHit As Boolean Private Sub Form_Load() Randomize imgTarget.Enabled = False imgTarget.Visible = False cmdStop.Enabled = False lblGameOver.Visible = False lblGameOver.Enabled = False End Sub Private Sub cmdStart_Click() Dim lsUserResponse As String Dim lbResponse As Boolean lsUserResponse = InputBox("Enter a level from 1 to 3." & _ (Chr(13)) & "" & (Chr(13)) & "1 being the Easiest and 3 being the " & _ "Hardest.", "Level Select", "1") lbResponse = False If lsUserResponse = "1" Then Timer1.Interval = 1500 lbResponse = True ElseIf lsUserResponse = "2" Then Timer1.Interval = 1000 lbResponse = True ElseIf lsUserResponse = "3" Then Timer1.Interval = 750 lbResponse = True Else MsgBox ("Game Not Started.") lbResponse = False End If If lbResponse = True Then cmdStart.Enabled = False imgTarget.Picture = imgStanding.Picture frmMain.MousePointer = 5 fbTargetHit = False Load_Sounds cmdStop.Enabled = True fiPlayersScore = 0 fiNumberofMisses = 0 lblScore.Caption = fiPlayersScore lblMisses.Caption = fiNumberofMisses Timer1.Enabled = True lblGameOver.Visible = False lblGameOver.Enabled = False End If End Sub Private Sub cmdStop_Click() Unload_Sounds frmMain.MousePointer = vbNormal Timer1.Enabled = False imgTarget.Enabled = False imgTarget.Visible = False cmdStart.Enabled = True cmdStop.Enabled = False cmdStart.SetFocus lblGameOver.Visible = True lblGameOver.Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub Form_Click() MMControl1.Command = "Play" MMControl1.Command = "Prev" fiNumberofMisses = fiNumberofMisses + 1 lblMisses.Caption = fiNumberofMisses If CheckForLoose = True Then cmdStop_Click lblMisses.Caption = fiNumberofMisses Exit Sub End If End Sub Private Sub imgTarget_Click() MMControl2.Command = "Play" MMControl2.Command = "Prev" Timer1.Enabled = False imgTarget.Picture = imgExplode.Picture '**I AM STUCK HERE** pauseProgram fiPlayersScore = fiPlayersScore + 1 Timer1.Enabled = True If CheckForWin = True Then cmdStop_Click lblScore.Caption = fiPlayersScore Exit Sub End If lblScore.Caption = fiPlayersScore fbTargetHit = True imgStanding.Enabled = False imgTarget.Visible = False imgTarget.Enabled = False Timer1.Enabled = True End Sub Public Sub Load_Sounds() 'Set initial property values for blaster sound MMControl1.Notify = False MMControl1.Wait = True MMControl1.Shareable = False MMControl1.DeviceType = "WaveAudio" MMControl1.FileName = _ "C:\Temp\Sounds\Blaster_1.wav" 'Open the media device MMControl1.Command = "Open" 'Set initial property values for grunt sound MMControl2.Notify = False MMControl2.Wait = True MMControl2.Shareable = False MMControl2.DeviceType = "WaveAudio" MMControl2.FileName = _ "C:\Temp\Sounds\Pain_Grunt_4.wav" 'Open the media device MMControl2.Command = "Open" End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() Dim liRandomLeft As Integer Dim liRandomTop As Integer imgTarget.Visible = True If fbTargetHit = True Then fbTargetHit = False 'imgTarget.Picture = imgStanding.Picture End If liRandomLeft = (6120 * Rnd) liRandomTop = (4680 * Rnd) imgTarget.Left = liRandomLeft imgTarget.Top = liRandomTop imgTarget.Enabled = True imgTarget.Visible = True End Sub Public Function CheckForWin() As Boolean CheckForWin = False If fiPlayersScore = 5 Then CheckForWin = True lblGameOver.Caption = "You Win.Game Over" End If End Function Public Function CheckForLoose() As Boolean CheckForLoose = False If fiNumberofMisses = 5 Then CheckForLoose = True lblGameOver.Caption = "You Loose.Game Over" End If End Function Private Sub Form_QueryUnload(Cancel As Integer, _ UnloadMode As Integer) Unload_Sounds End Sub Public Sub Unload_Sounds() MMControl1.Command = "Close" MMControl2.Command = "Close" End Sub Public Sub pauseProgram() Dim currentTime Dim newTime currentTime = Second(Time) newTime = Second(Time) Do Until Abs(newTime - currentTime) = 1 newTime = Second(Time) Loop End Sub

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  • dialog.show() crashes my application, why?

    - by user1739462
    I'm new in adroid. I like to do things when the color reach a value. I like (for example) show the alert if r is bigger than 30, but the application go in crash. Thank for very simple answares. public class MainActivity extends Activity { private AlertDialog dialog; private AlertDialog.Builder builder; private BackgroundColors view; public class BackgroundColors extends SurfaceView implements Runnable { public int grand=0; public int step=0; private boolean flip=true; private Thread thread; private boolean running; private SurfaceHolder holder; public BackgroundColors(Context context) { super(context); } Inside this loop while running is true. is impossible to show dialogs ?? public void run() { int r = 0; while (running){ if (holder.getSurface().isValid()){ Canvas canvas = holder.lockCanvas(); if (r > 250) r = 0; r += 10; if (r>30 && flip){ flip=false; // ********************************* dialog.show(); // ********************************* // CRASH !! } try { Thread.sleep(300); } catch(InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } canvas.drawARGB(255, r, 255, 255); holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas); } } } public void start() { running = true; thread = new Thread(this); holder = this.getHolder(); thread.start(); } public void stop() { running = false; boolean retry = true; while (retry){ try { thread.join(); retry = false; } catch(InterruptedException e) { retry = true; } } } public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent e){ dialog.show(); return false; } protected void onSizeChanged(int xNew, int yNew, int xOld, int yOld){ super.onSizeChanged(xNew, yNew, xOld, yOld); grand = xNew; step =grand/15; } } public void onCreate(Bundle b) { super.onCreate(b); view = new BackgroundColors(this); this.setContentView(view); builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this); builder.setMessage("ciao"); builder.setPositiveButton("OK", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { Log.d("Basic", "It worked"); } }); dialog = builder.create(); } public void onPause(){ super.onPause(); view.stop(); } public void onResume(){ super.onResume(); view.start(); } }

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  • String.valueOf(int value) gives error [closed]

    - by Davidrd91
    I am trying to convert an int into a String so that I can put the String values into an SQLite Cursor. I've tried multiple syntax and methods but none seem to work for me. The Error occurs in MangaItemDB() while trying to convert any Int types aswell as the boolean. I've looked through several articles like this one but none works for me. Here's my code: public class MangaItem { private int _id; private String mangaName; private String mangaLink; private static String mangaAlpha; private static int mangaCount; private static int alphaCount; private boolean mangaComplete = false; public MangaItem MangaItemDB(int id, String mangaName, String mangaLink, String mangaAlpha, String mangaCount, String alphaCount, String mangaComplete) { MangaItem MangaItemDB = new MangaItem(); MangaItemDB._id = id; MangaItemDB.mangaName = mangaName; MangaItemDB.mangaLink = mangaLink; MangaItemDB.mangaAlpha = mangaAlpha; MangaItemDB.mangaCount = String.valueOf(int mangaCount); MangaItemDB.alphaCount = Integer.toString(getAlphaCount()); MangaItemDB.mangaComplete = String.valueOf(getMangaComplete()); return MangaItemDB; } public void incrementMangaCount() { mangaCount++; } public int getMangaCount() { return mangaCount; } public void incrementAlphaCount() { alphaCount++; } public int getAlphaCount() { return alphaCount; } public boolean setMangaComplete(boolean mangaComplete) { return true; } public boolean getMangaComplete() { return mangaComplete; } /** * @return the mangaName */ public String getMangaName() { return mangaName; } /** * @param mangaName the mangaName to set */ public void setMangaName(String mangaName) { this.mangaName = mangaName; } /** * @return the mangaLink */ public String getMangaLink() { return mangaLink; } /** * @param mangaLink the mangaLink to set */ public void setMangaLink(String mangaLink) { this.mangaLink = mangaLink; } /** * @return the mangaAlpha */ public String getMangaAlpha() { return mangaAlpha; } /** * @param mangaAlpha the mangaAlpha to set */ public void setMangaAlpha(String mangaAlpha) { this.mangaAlpha = mangaAlpha; } /** * @return the _id */ public int get_id() { return _id; } /** * @param _id the _id to set */ public void set_id(int _id) { this._id = _id; } } The lines : MangaItemDB.mangaCount = String.valueOf(mangaCount); MangaItemDB.alphaCount = Integer.toString(getAlphaCount()); MangaItemDB.mangaComplete = String.valueOf(getMangaComplete()); all give "Type mismatch: cannot convert from String to Int"

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  • Differences Between NHibernate and Entity Framework

    - by Ricardo Peres
    Introduction NHibernate and Entity Framework are two of the most popular O/RM frameworks on the .NET world. Although they share some functionality, there are some aspects on which they are quite different. This post will describe this differences and will hopefully help you get started with the one you know less. Mind you, this is a personal selection of features to compare, it is by no way an exhaustive list. History First, a bit of history. NHibernate is an open-source project that was first ported from Java’s venerable Hibernate framework, one of the first O/RM frameworks, but nowadays it is not tied to it, for example, it has .NET specific features, and has evolved in different ways from those of its Java counterpart. Current version is 3.3, with 3.4 on the horizon. It currently targets .NET 3.5, but can be used as well in .NET 4, it only makes no use of any of its specific functionality. You can find its home page at NHForge. Entity Framework 1 came out with .NET 3.5 and is now on its second major version, despite being version 4. Code First sits on top of it and but came separately and will also continue to be released out of line with major .NET distributions. It is currently on version 4.3.1 and version 5 will be released together with .NET Framework 4.5. All versions will target the current version of .NET, at the time of their release. Its home location is located at MSDN. Architecture In NHibernate, there is a separation between the Unit of Work and the configuration and model instances. You start off by creating a Configuration object, where you specify all global NHibernate settings such as the database and dialect to use, the batch sizes, the mappings, etc, then you build an ISessionFactory from it. The ISessionFactory holds model and metadata that is tied to a particular database and to the settings that came from the Configuration object, and, there will typically be only one instance of each in a process. Finally, you create instances of ISession from the ISessionFactory, which is the NHibernate representation of the Unit of Work and Identity Map. This is a lightweight object, it basically opens and closes a database connection as required and keeps track of the entities associated with it. ISession objects are cheap to create and dispose, because all of the model complexity is stored in the ISessionFactory and Configuration objects. As for Entity Framework, the ObjectContext/DbContext holds the configuration, model and acts as the Unit of Work, holding references to all of the known entity instances. This class is therefore not lightweight as its NHibernate counterpart and it is not uncommon to see examples where an instance is cached on a field. Mappings Both NHibernate and Entity Framework (Code First) support the use of POCOs to represent entities, no base classes are required (or even possible, in the case of NHibernate). As for mapping to and from the database, NHibernate supports three types of mappings: XML-based, which have the advantage of not tying the entity classes to a particular O/RM; the XML files can be deployed as files on the file system or as embedded resources in an assembly; Attribute-based, for keeping both the entities and database details on the same place at the expense of polluting the entity classes with NHibernate-specific attributes; Strongly-typed code-based, which allows dynamic creation of the model and strongly typing it, so that if, for example, a property name changes, the mapping will also be updated. Entity Framework can use: Attribute-based (although attributes cannot express all of the available possibilities – for example, cascading); Strongly-typed code mappings. Database Support With NHibernate you can use mostly any database you want, including: SQL Server; SQL Server Compact; SQL Server Azure; Oracle; DB2; PostgreSQL; MySQL; Sybase Adaptive Server/SQL Anywhere; Firebird; SQLLite; Informix; Any through OLE DB; Any through ODBC. Out of the box, Entity Framework only supports SQL Server, but a number of providers exist, both free and commercial, for some of the most used databases, such as Oracle and MySQL. See a list here. Inheritance Strategies Both NHibernate and Entity Framework support the three canonical inheritance strategies: Table Per Type Hierarchy (Single Table Inheritance), Table Per Type (Class Table Inheritance) and Table Per Concrete Type (Concrete Table Inheritance). Associations Regarding associations, both support one to one, one to many and many to many. However, NHibernate offers far more collection types: Bags of entities or values: unordered, possibly with duplicates; Lists of entities or values: ordered, indexed by a number column; Maps of entities or values: indexed by either an entity or any value; Sets of entities or values: unordered, no duplicates; Arrays of entities or values: indexed, immutable. Querying NHibernate exposes several querying APIs: LINQ is probably the most used nowadays, and really does not need to be introduced; Hibernate Query Language (HQL) is a database-agnostic, object-oriented SQL-alike language that exists since NHibernate’s creation and still offers the most advanced querying possibilities; well suited for dynamic queries, even if using string concatenation; Criteria API is an implementation of the Query Object pattern where you create a semi-abstract conceptual representation of the query you wish to execute by means of a class model; also a good choice for dynamic querying; Query Over offers a similar API to Criteria, but using strongly-typed LINQ expressions instead of strings; for this, although more refactor-friendlier that Criteria, it is also less suited for dynamic queries; SQL, including stored procedures, can also be used; Integration with Lucene.NET indexer is available. As for Entity Framework: LINQ to Entities is fully supported, and its implementation is considered very complete; it is the API of choice for most developers; Entity-SQL, HQL’s counterpart, is also an object-oriented, database-independent querying language that can be used for dynamic queries; SQL, of course, is also supported. Caching Both NHibernate and Entity Framework, of course, feature first-level cache. NHibernate also supports a second-level cache, that can be used among multiple ISessionFactorys, even in different processes/machines: Hashtable (in-memory); SysCache (uses ASP.NET as the cache provider); SysCache2 (same as above but with support for SQL Server SQL Dependencies); Prevalence; SharedCache; Memcached; Redis; NCache; Appfabric Caching. Out of the box, Entity Framework does not have any second-level cache mechanism, however, there are some public samples that show how we can add this. ID Generators NHibernate supports different ID generation strategies, coming from the database and otherwise: Identity (for SQL Server, MySQL, and databases who support identity columns); Sequence (for Oracle, PostgreSQL, and others who support sequences); Trigger-based; HiLo; Sequence HiLo (for databases that support sequences); Several GUID flavors, both in GUID as well as in string format; Increment (for single-user uses); Assigned (must know what you’re doing); Sequence-style (either uses an actual sequence or a single-column table); Table of ids; Pooled (similar to HiLo but stores high values in a table); Native (uses whatever mechanism the current database supports, identity or sequence). Entity Framework only supports: Identity generation; GUIDs; Assigned values. Properties NHibernate supports properties of entity types (one to one or many to one), collections (one to many or many to many) as well as scalars and enumerations. It offers a mechanism for having complex property types generated from the database, which even include support for querying. It also supports properties originated from SQL formulas. Entity Framework only supports scalars, entity types and collections. Enumerations support will come in the next version. Events and Interception NHibernate has a very rich event model, that exposes more than 20 events, either for synchronous pre-execution or asynchronous post-execution, including: Pre/Post-Load; Pre/Post-Delete; Pre/Post-Insert; Pre/Post-Update; Pre/Post-Flush. It also features interception of class instancing and SQL generation. As for Entity Framework, only two events exist: ObjectMaterialized (after loading an entity from the database); SavingChanges (before saving changes, which include deleting, inserting and updating). Tracking Changes For NHibernate as well as Entity Framework, all changes are tracked by their respective Unit of Work implementation. Entities can be attached and detached to it, Entity Framework does, however, also support self-tracking entities. Optimistic Concurrency Control NHibernate supports all of the imaginable scenarios: SQL Server’s ROWVERSION; Oracle’s ORA_ROWSCN; A column containing date and time; A column containing a version number; All/dirty columns comparison. Entity Framework is more focused on Entity Framework, so it only supports: SQL Server’s ROWVERSION; Comparing all/some columns. Batching NHibernate has full support for insertion batching, but only if the ID generator in use is not database-based (for example, it cannot be used with Identity), whereas Entity Framework has no batching at all. Cascading Both support cascading for collections and associations: when an entity is deleted, their conceptual children are also deleted. NHibernate also offers the possibility to set the foreign key column on children to NULL instead of removing them. Flushing Changes NHibernate’s ISession has a FlushMode property that can have the following values: Auto: changes are sent to the database when necessary, for example, if there are dirty instances of an entity type, and a query is performed against this entity type, or if the ISession is being disposed; Commit: changes are sent when committing the current transaction; Never: changes are only sent when explicitly calling Flush(). As for Entity Framework, changes have to be explicitly sent through a call to AcceptAllChanges()/SaveChanges(). Lazy Loading NHibernate supports lazy loading for Associated entities (one to one, many to one); Collections (one to many, many to many); Scalar properties (thing of BLOBs or CLOBs). Entity Framework only supports lazy loading for: Associated entities; Collections. Generating and Updating the Database Both NHibernate and Entity Framework Code First (with the Migrations API) allow creating the database model from the mapping and updating it if the mapping changes. Extensibility As you can guess, NHibernate is far more extensible than Entity Framework. Basically, everything can be extended, from ID generation, to LINQ to SQL transformation, HQL native SQL support, custom column types, custom association collections, SQL generation, supported databases, etc. With Entity Framework your options are more limited, at least, because practically no information exists as to what can be extended/changed. It features a provider model that can be extended to support any database. Integration With Other Microsoft APIs and Tools When it comes to integration with Microsoft technologies, it will come as no surprise that Entity Framework offers the best support. For example, the following technologies are fully supported: ASP.NET (through the EntityDataSource); ASP.NET Dynamic Data; WCF Data Services; WCF RIA Services; Visual Studio (through the integrated designer). Documentation This is another point where Entity Framework is superior: NHibernate lacks, for starters, an up to date API reference synchronized with its current version. It does have a community mailing list, blogs and wikis, although not much used. Entity Framework has a number of resources on MSDN and, of course, several forums and discussion groups exist. Conclusion Like I said, this is a personal list. I may come as a surprise to some that Entity Framework is so behind NHibernate in so many aspects, but it is true that NHibernate is much older and, due to its open-source nature, is not tied to product-specific timeframes and can thus evolve much more rapidly. I do like both, and I chose whichever is best for the job I have at hands. I am looking forward to the changes in EF5 which will add significant value to an already interesting product. So, what do you think? Did I forget anything important or is there anything else worth talking about? Looking forward for your comments!

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  • Minecraft Style Chunk building problem

    - by David Torrey
    I'm having some problems with speed in my chunk engine. I timed it out, and in its current state it takes a total ~5 seconds per chunk to fill each face's list. I have a check to see if each face of a block is visible and if it is not visible, it skips it and moves on. I'm using a dictionary (unordered map) because it makes sense memorywise to just not have an entry if there is no block. I've tracked my problem down to testing if there is an entry, and accessing an entry if it does exist. If I remove the tests to see if there is an entry in the dictionary for an adjacent block, or if the block type itself is seethrough, it runs within about 2-4 milliseconds. so here's my question: Is there a faster way to check for an entry in a dictionary than .ContainsKey()? As an aside, I tried TryGetValue() and it doesn't really help with the speed that much. If I remove the ContainsKey() and keep the test where it does the IsSeeThrough for each block, it halves the time, but it's still about 2-3 seconds. It only drops to 2-4ms if I remove BOTH checks. Here is my code: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using OpenTK; using OpenTK.Graphics.OpenGL; using System.Drawing; namespace Anabelle_Lee { public enum BlockEnum { air = 0, dirt = 1, } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential,Pack=1)] public struct Coordinates<T1> { public T1 x; public T1 y; public T1 z; public override string ToString() { return "(" + x + "," + y + "," + z + ") : " + typeof(T1); } } public struct Sides<T1> { public T1 left; public T1 right; public T1 top; public T1 bottom; public T1 front; public T1 back; } public class Block { public int blockType; public bool SeeThrough() { switch (blockType) { case 0: return true; } return false ; } public override string ToString() { return ((BlockEnum)(blockType)).ToString(); } } class Chunk { private Dictionary<Coordinates<byte>, Block> mChunkData; //stores the block data private Sides<List<Coordinates<byte>>> mVBOVertexBuffer; private Sides<int> mVBOHandle; //private bool mIsChanged; private const byte mCHUNKSIZE = 16; public Chunk() { } public void InitializeChunk() { //create VBO references #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine ("Initializing Chunk"); #endif mChunkData = new Dictionary<Coordinates<byte> , Block>(); //mIsChanged = true; GL.GenBuffers(1, out mVBOHandle.left); GL.GenBuffers(1, out mVBOHandle.right); GL.GenBuffers(1, out mVBOHandle.top); GL.GenBuffers(1, out mVBOHandle.bottom); GL.GenBuffers(1, out mVBOHandle.front); GL.GenBuffers(1, out mVBOHandle.back); //make new list of vertexes for each face mVBOVertexBuffer.top = new List<Coordinates<byte>>(); mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom = new List<Coordinates<byte>>(); mVBOVertexBuffer.left = new List<Coordinates<byte>>(); mVBOVertexBuffer.right = new List<Coordinates<byte>>(); mVBOVertexBuffer.front = new List<Coordinates<byte>>(); mVBOVertexBuffer.back = new List<Coordinates<byte>>(); #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Chunk Initialized"); #endif } public void GenerateChunk() { #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Generating Chunk"); #endif for (byte i = 0; i < mCHUNKSIZE; i++) { for (byte j = 0; j < mCHUNKSIZE; j++) { for (byte k = 0; k < mCHUNKSIZE; k++) { Random blockLoc = new Random(); Coordinates<byte> randChunk = new Coordinates<byte> { x = i, y = j, z = k }; mChunkData.Add(randChunk, new Block()); mChunkData[randChunk].blockType = blockLoc.Next(0, 1); } } } #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Chunk Generated"); #endif } public void DeleteChunk() { //delete VBO references #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Deleting Chunk"); #endif GL.DeleteBuffers(1, ref mVBOHandle.left); GL.DeleteBuffers(1, ref mVBOHandle.right); GL.DeleteBuffers(1, ref mVBOHandle.top); GL.DeleteBuffers(1, ref mVBOHandle.bottom); GL.DeleteBuffers(1, ref mVBOHandle.front); GL.DeleteBuffers(1, ref mVBOHandle.back); //clear all vertex buffers ClearPolyLists(); #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Chunk Deleted"); #endif } public void UpdateChunk() { #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Updating Chunk"); #endif ClearPolyLists(); //prepare buffers //for every entry in mChunkData map foreach(KeyValuePair<Coordinates<byte>,Block> feBlockData in mChunkData) { Coordinates<byte> checkBlock = new Coordinates<byte> { x = feBlockData.Key.x, y = feBlockData.Key.y, z = feBlockData.Key.z }; //check for polygonson the left side of the cube if (checkBlock.x > 0) { //check to see if there is a key for current x - 1. if not, add the vector if (!IsVisible(checkBlock.x - 1, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z)) { //add polygon AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.left); } } else { //polygon is far left and should be added AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.left); } //check for polygons on the right side of the cube if (checkBlock.x < mCHUNKSIZE - 1) { if (!IsVisible(checkBlock.x + 1, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z)) { //add poly AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.right); } } else { //poly for right add AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.right); } if (checkBlock.y > 0) { //check to see if there is a key for current x - 1. if not, add the vector if (!IsVisible(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y - 1, checkBlock.z)) { //add polygon AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.bottom); } } else { //polygon is far left and should be added AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.bottom); } //check for polygons on the right side of the cube if (checkBlock.y < mCHUNKSIZE - 1) { if (!IsVisible(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y + 1, checkBlock.z)) { //add poly AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.top); } } else { //poly for right add AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.top); } if (checkBlock.z > 0) { //check to see if there is a key for current x - 1. if not, add the vector if (!IsVisible(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z - 1)) { //add polygon AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.back); } } else { //polygon is far left and should be added AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.back); } //check for polygons on the right side of the cube if (checkBlock.z < mCHUNKSIZE - 1) { if (!IsVisible(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z + 1)) { //add poly AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.front); } } else { //poly for right add AddPoly(checkBlock.x, checkBlock.y, checkBlock.z, mVBOHandle.front); } } BuildBuffers(); #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Chunk Updated"); #endif } public void RenderChunk() { } public void LoadChunk() { #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Loading Chunk"); #endif #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Chunk Deleted"); #endif } public void SaveChunk() { #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Saving Chunk"); #endif #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Chunk Saved"); #endif } private bool IsVisible(int pX,int pY,int pZ) { Block testBlock; Coordinates<byte> checkBlock = new Coordinates<byte> { x = Convert.ToByte(pX), y = Convert.ToByte(pY), z = Convert.ToByte(pZ) }; if (mChunkData.TryGetValue(checkBlock,out testBlock )) //if data exists { if (testBlock.SeeThrough() == true) //if existing data is not seethrough { return true; } } return true; } private void AddPoly(byte pX, byte pY, byte pZ, int BufferSide) { //create temp array GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, BufferSide); if (BufferSide == mVBOHandle.front) { //front face mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); } else if (BufferSide == mVBOHandle.right) { //back face mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); } else if (BufferSide == mVBOHandle.top) { //left face mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); } else if (BufferSide == mVBOHandle.bottom) { //right face mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY) , z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); } else if (BufferSide == mVBOHandle.front) { //top face mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY + 1), z = (byte)(pZ) }); } else if (BufferSide == mVBOHandle.back) { //bottom face mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY), z = (byte)(pZ) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX + 1), y = (byte)(pY), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Add(new Coordinates<byte> { x = (byte)(pX) , y = (byte)(pY), z = (byte)(pZ + 1) }); } } private void BuildBuffers() { #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Building Chunk Buffers"); #endif GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mVBOHandle.front); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(Marshal.SizeOf(new Coordinates<byte>()) * mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Count), mVBOVertexBuffer.front.ToArray(), BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mVBOHandle.back); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(Marshal.SizeOf(new Coordinates<byte>()) * mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Count), mVBOVertexBuffer.back.ToArray(), BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mVBOHandle.left); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(Marshal.SizeOf(new Coordinates<byte>()) * mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Count), mVBOVertexBuffer.left.ToArray(), BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mVBOHandle.right); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(Marshal.SizeOf(new Coordinates<byte>()) * mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Count), mVBOVertexBuffer.right.ToArray(), BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mVBOHandle.top); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(Marshal.SizeOf(new Coordinates<byte>()) * mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Count), mVBOVertexBuffer.top.ToArray(), BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, mVBOHandle.bottom); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(Marshal.SizeOf(new Coordinates<byte>()) * mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Count), mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.ToArray(), BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer,0); #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Chunk Buffers Built"); #endif } private void ClearPolyLists() { #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Clearing Polygon Lists"); #endif mVBOVertexBuffer.top.Clear(); mVBOVertexBuffer.bottom.Clear(); mVBOVertexBuffer.left.Clear(); mVBOVertexBuffer.right.Clear(); mVBOVertexBuffer.front.Clear(); mVBOVertexBuffer.back.Clear(); #if DEBUG Console.WriteLine("Polygon Lists Cleared"); #endif } }//END CLASS }//END NAMESPACE

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  • Building a &ldquo;real&rdquo; extension for Expression Blend

    - by Timmy Kokke
    .Last time I showed you how to get started building extensions for Expression Blend. Lets build a useful extension this time and go a bit deeper into Blend. Source of project  => here Compiled dll => here (extract into /extensions folder of Expression Blend)   The Extension When working on large Xaml files in Blend it’s often hard to find a specific control in the "Objects and Timeline Pane”. An extension that searches the active document and presents all elements that satisfy the query would be helpful. When the user starts typing a search query a search will be performed and the results are shown in the list. After the user selects an item in the results list, the control in the "Objects and Timeline Pane” will be selected. Below is a sketch of what it is going to look like. The Solution Create a new WPF User Control project as shown in the earlier tutorial in the Configuring the extension project section, but name it AdvancedSearch this time. Delete the default UserControl1.Xaml to clear the solution (a new user control will be added later thought, but adding a user control is easier then renaming one). Create the main entry point of the addin by adding a new class to the solution and naming this  AdvancedSearchPackage. Add a reference to Microsoft.Expression.Extensibility and to System.ComponentModel.Composition . Implement the IPackage interface and add the Export attribute from the MEF to the definition. While you’re at it. Add references to Microsoft.Expression.DesignSurface, Microsoft.Expression.FrameWork and Microsoft.Expression.Markup. These will be used later. The Load method from the IPackage interface is going to create a ViewModel to bind to from the UI. Add another class to the solution and name this AdvancedSearchViewModel. This class needs to implement the INotifyPropertyChanged interface to enable notifications to the view.  Add a constructor to the class that takes an IServices interface as a parameter. Create a new instance of the AdvancedSearchViewModel in the load method in the AdvanceSearchPackage class. The AdvancedSearchPackage class should looks like this now:   using System.ComponentModel.Composition; using Microsoft.Expression.Extensibility;   namespace AdvancedSearch { [Export(typeof(IPackage))] public class AdvancedSearchPackage:IPackage {   public void Load(IServices services) { new AdvancedSearchViewModel(services); }   public void Unload() { } } }   Add a new UserControl to the project and name this AdvancedSearchView. The View will be created by the ViewModel, which will pass itself to the constructor of the view. Change the constructor of the View to take a AdvancedSearchViewModel object as a parameter. Add a private field to store the ViewModel and set this field in the constructor. Point the DataContext of the view to the ViewModel. The View will look something like this now:   namespace AdvancedSearch { public partial class AdvancedSearchView:UserControl { private readonly AdvancedSearchViewModel _advancedSearchViewModel;   public AdvancedSearchView(AdvancedSearchViewModel advancedSearchViewModel) { _advancedSearchViewModel = advancedSearchViewModel; InitializeComponent(); this.DataContext = _advancedSearchViewModel; } } }   The View is going to be created in the constructor of the ViewModel and stored in a read only property.   public FrameworkElement View { get; private set; }   public AdvancedSearchViewModel(IServices services) { _services = services; View = new AdvancedSearchView(this); } The last thing the solution needs before we’ll wire things up is a new class, PossibleNode. This class will be used later to store the search results. The solution should look like this now:   Adding UI to the UI The extension should build and run now, although nothing is showing up in Blend yet. To enable the user to perform a search query add a TextBox and a ListBox to the AdvancedSearchView.xaml file. I’ve set the rows of the grid too to make them look a little better. Add the TextChanged event to the TextBox and the SelectionChanged event to the ListBox, we’ll need those later on. <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="32" /> <RowDefinition Height="*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBox TextChanged="SearchQueryTextChanged" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Margin="4" Name="SearchQuery" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" /> <ListBox SelectionChanged="SearchResultSelectionChanged" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Margin="4" Name="SearchResult" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Grid.Row="1" /> </Grid>   This will create a user interface like: To make the View show up in Blend it has to be registered with the WindowService. The GetService<T> method is used to get services from Blend, which are your entry points into Blend.When writing extensions you will encounter this method very often. In this case we’re asking for an IWindowService interface. The IWindowService interface serves events for changing windows and themes, is used for adding or removing resources and is used for registering and unregistering Palettes. All panes in Blend are palettes and are registered thru the RegisterPalette method. The first parameter passed to this method is a string containing a unique ID for the palette. This ID can be used to get access to the palette later. The second parameter is the View. The third parameter is a title for the pane. This title is shown when the pane is visible. It is also shown in the window menu of Blend. The last parameter is a KeyBinding. I have chosen Ctrl+Shift+F to call the Advanced Search pane. This value is also shown in the window menu of Blend.   services.GetService<IWindowService>().RegisterPalette( "AdvancedSearch", viewModel.View, "Advanced Search", new KeyBinding { Key = Key.F, Modifiers = ModifierKeys.Control | ModifierKeys.Shift } );   You can compiler and run now. After Blend starts you can hit Ctrl+Shift+F or go the windows menu to call the advanced search extension. Searching for controls The search has to be cleared on every change of the active document. The DocumentServices fires an event every time a new document is opened, a document is closed or another document view is selected. Add the following line to the constructor of the ViewModel to handle the ActiveDocumentChanged event:   _services.GetService<IDocumentService>().ActiveDocumentChanged += ActiveDocumentChanged;   And implement the ActiveDocumentChanged method:   private void ActiveDocumentChanged(object sender, DocumentChangedEventArgs e) { }   To get to the contents of the document we first need to get access to the “Objects and Timeline” pane. This pane is registered in the PaletteRegistry in the same way as this extension has registered itself. The palettes are accessible thru an associative array. All you need to provide is the Identifier of the palette you want. The Id of the “Objects and Timeline” pane is “Designer_TimelinePane”. I’ve included a list of the other default panes at the bottom of this article. Each palette has a Content property which can be cast to the type of the pane.   var timelinePane = (TimelinePane)_services.GetService<IWindowService>() .PaletteRegistry["Designer_TimelinePane"] .Content;   Add a private field to the top of the AdvancedSearchViewModel class to store the active SceneViewModel. The SceneViewModel is needed to set the current selection and to get the little icons for the type of control.   private SceneViewModel _activeSceneViewModel;   When the active SceneViewModel changes, the ActiveSceneViewModel is stored in this field. The list of possible nodes is cleared and an PropertyChanged event is fired for this list to notify the UI to clear the list. This will make the eventhandler look like this: private void ActiveDocumentChanged(object sender, DocumentChangedEventArgs e) { var timelinePane = (TimelinePane)_services.GetService<IWindowService>() .PaletteRegistry["Designer_TimelinePane"].Content;   _activeSceneViewModel = timelinePane.ActiveSceneViewModel; PossibleNodes = new List<PossibleNode>(); InvokePropertyChanged("PossibleNodes"); } The PossibleNode class used to store information about the controls found by the search. It’s a dumb data class with only 3 properties, the name of the control, the SceneNode and a brush used for the little icon. The SceneNode is the base class for every possible object you can create in Blend, like Brushes, Controls, Annotations, ResourceDictionaries and VisualStates. The entire PossibleNode class looks like this:   using System.Windows.Media; using Microsoft.Expression.DesignSurface.ViewModel;   namespace AdvancedSearch { public class PossibleNode { public string Name { get; set; } public SceneNode SceneNode { get; set; } public DrawingBrush IconBrush { get; set; } } }   Add these two methods to the AdvancedSearchViewModel class:   public void Search(string searchText) { } public void SelectElement(PossibleNode node){ }   Both these methods are going to be called from the view. The Search method performs the search and updates the PossibleNodes list.  The controls in the active document can be accessed thru TimeLineItemsManager class. This class contains a read only collection of TimeLineItems. By using a Linq query the possible nodes are selected and placed in the PossibleNodes list.   var timelineItemManager = new TimelineItemManager(_activeSceneViewModel); PossibleNodes = new List<PossibleNode>( (from d in timelineItemManager.ItemList where d.DisplayName.ToLowerInvariant().StartsWith( searchText.ToLowerInvariant()) select new PossibleNode() { IconBrush = d.IconBrush, SceneNode = d.SceneNode, Name = d.DisplayName }).ToList() ); InvokePropertyChanged(InternalConst.PossibleNodes);   The Select method is pretty straight forward. It contains two lines.The first to clear the selection. Otherwise the selected element would be added to the current selection. The second line selects the nodes. It is given a new array with the node to be selected.   _activeSceneViewModel.ClearSelections(); _activeSceneViewModel.SelectNodes(new[] { node.SceneNode });   The last thing that needs to be done is to wire the whole thing to the View. The two event handlers just call the Search and SelectElement methods on the ViewModel.   private void SearchQueryTextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e) { _advancedSearchViewModel.Search(SearchQuery.Text); }   private void SearchResultSelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e) { if(e.AddedItems.Count>0) { _advancedSearchViewModel.SelectElement(e.AddedItems[0] as PossibleNode); } }   The Listbox has to be bound to the PossibleNodes list and a simple DataTemplate is added to show the selection. The IconWithOverlay control can be found in the Microsoft.Expression.DesignSurface.UserInterface.Timeline.UI namespace in the Microsoft.Expression.DesignSurface assembly. The ListBox should look something like:   <ListBox SelectionChanged="SearchResultSelectionChanged" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Margin="4" Name="SearchResult" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Grid.Row="1" ItemsSource="{Binding PossibleNodes}"> <ListBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <tlui:IconWithOverlay Margin="2,0,10,0" Width="12" Height="12" SourceBrush="{Binding Path=IconBrush, Mode=OneWay}" /> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}"/> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> </ListBox.ItemTemplate> </ListBox>   Compile and run. Inside Blend the extension could look something like below. What’s Next When you’ve got the extension running. Try placing breakpoints in the code and see what else is in there. There’s a lot to explore and build extension on. I personally would love an extension to search for resources. Last but not least, you can download the source of project here.  If you have any questions let me know. If you just want to use this extension, you can download the compiled dll here. Just extract the . zip into the /extensions folder of Expression Blend. Notes Target framework I ran into some issues when using the .NET Framework 4 Client Profile as a target framework. I got some strange error saying certain obvious namespaces could not be found, Microsoft.Expression in my case. If you run into something like this, try setting the target framework to .NET Framework 4 instead of the client version.   Identifiers of default panes Identifier Type Title Designer_TimelinePane TimelinePane Objects and Timeline Designer_ToolPane ToolPane Tools Designer_ProjectPane ProjectPane Projects Designer_DataPane DataPane Data Designer_ResourcePane ResourcePane Resources Designer_PropertyInspector PropertyInspector Properties Designer_TriggersPane TriggersPane Triggers Interaction_Skin SkinView States Designer_AssetPane AssetPane Assets Interaction_Parts PartsPane Parts Designer_ResultsPane ResultsPane Results

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  • How to simulate inner join on very large files in java (without running out of memory)

    - by Constantin
    I am trying to simulate SQL joins using java and very large text files (INNER, RIGHT OUTER and LEFT OUTER). The files have already been sorted using an external sort routine. The issue I have is I am trying to find the most efficient way to deal with the INNER join part of the algorithm. Right now I am using two Lists to store the lines that have the same key and iterate through the set of lines in the right file once for every line in the left file (provided the keys still match). In other words, the join key is not unique in each file so would need to account for the Cartesian product situations ... left_01, 1 left_02, 1 right_01, 1 right_02, 1 right_03, 1 left_01 joins to right_01 using key 1 left_01 joins to right_02 using key 1 left_01 joins to right_03 using key 1 left_02 joins to right_01 using key 1 left_02 joins to right_02 using key 1 left_02 joins to right_03 using key 1 My concern is one of memory. I will run out of memory if i use the approach below but still want the inner join part to work fairly quickly. What is the best approach to deal with the INNER join part keeping in mind that these files may potentially be huge public class Joiner { private void join(BufferedReader left, BufferedReader right, BufferedWriter output) throws Throwable { BufferedReader _left = left; BufferedReader _right = right; BufferedWriter _output = output; Record _leftRecord; Record _rightRecord; _leftRecord = read(_left); _rightRecord = read(_right); while( _leftRecord != null && _rightRecord != null ) { if( _leftRecord.getKey() < _rightRecord.getKey() ) { write(_output, _leftRecord, null); _leftRecord = read(_left); } else if( _leftRecord.getKey() > _rightRecord.getKey() ) { write(_output, null, _rightRecord); _rightRecord = read(_right); } else { List<Record> leftList = new ArrayList<Record>(); List<Record> rightList = new ArrayList<Record>(); _leftRecord = readRecords(leftList, _leftRecord, _left); _rightRecord = readRecords(rightList, _rightRecord, _right); for( Record equalKeyLeftRecord : leftList ){ for( Record equalKeyRightRecord : rightList ){ write(_output, equalKeyLeftRecord, equalKeyRightRecord); } } } } if( _leftRecord != null ) { write(_output, _leftRecord, null); _leftRecord = read(_left); while(_leftRecord != null) { write(_output, _leftRecord, null); _leftRecord = read(_left); } } else { if( _rightRecord != null ) { write(_output, null, _rightRecord); _rightRecord = read(_right); while(_rightRecord != null) { write(_output, null, _rightRecord); _rightRecord = read(_right); } } } _left.close(); _right.close(); _output.flush(); _output.close(); } private Record read(BufferedReader reader) throws Throwable { Record record = null; String data = reader.readLine(); if( data != null ) { record = new Record(data.split("\t")); } return record; } private Record readRecords(List<Record> list, Record record, BufferedReader reader) throws Throwable { int key = record.getKey(); list.add(record); record = read(reader); while( record != null && record.getKey() == key) { list.add(record); record = read(reader); } return record; } private void write(BufferedWriter writer, Record left, Record right) throws Throwable { String leftKey = (left == null ? "null" : Integer.toString(left.getKey())); String leftData = (left == null ? "null" : left.getData()); String rightKey = (right == null ? "null" : Integer.toString(right.getKey())); String rightData = (right == null ? "null" : right.getData()); writer.write("[" + leftKey + "][" + leftData + "][" + rightKey + "][" + rightData + "]\n"); } public static void main(String[] args) { try { BufferedReader leftReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("LEFT.DAT")); BufferedReader rightReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("RIGHT.DAT")); BufferedWriter output = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("OUTPUT.DAT")); Joiner joiner = new Joiner(); joiner.join(leftReader, rightReader, output); } catch (Throwable e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } After applying the ideas from the proposed answer, I changed the loop to this private void join(RandomAccessFile left, RandomAccessFile right, BufferedWriter output) throws Throwable { long _pointer = 0; RandomAccessFile _left = left; RandomAccessFile _right = right; BufferedWriter _output = output; Record _leftRecord; Record _rightRecord; _leftRecord = read(_left); _rightRecord = read(_right); while( _leftRecord != null && _rightRecord != null ) { if( _leftRecord.getKey() < _rightRecord.getKey() ) { write(_output, _leftRecord, null); _leftRecord = read(_left); } else if( _leftRecord.getKey() > _rightRecord.getKey() ) { write(_output, null, _rightRecord); _pointer = _right.getFilePointer(); _rightRecord = read(_right); } else { long _tempPointer = 0; int key = _leftRecord.getKey(); while( _leftRecord != null && _leftRecord.getKey() == key ) { _right.seek(_pointer); _rightRecord = read(_right); while( _rightRecord != null && _rightRecord.getKey() == key ) { write(_output, _leftRecord, _rightRecord ); _tempPointer = _right.getFilePointer(); _rightRecord = read(_right); } _leftRecord = read(_left); } _pointer = _tempPointer; } } if( _leftRecord != null ) { write(_output, _leftRecord, null); _leftRecord = read(_left); while(_leftRecord != null) { write(_output, _leftRecord, null); _leftRecord = read(_left); } } else { if( _rightRecord != null ) { write(_output, null, _rightRecord); _rightRecord = read(_right); while(_rightRecord != null) { write(_output, null, _rightRecord); _rightRecord = read(_right); } } } _left.close(); _right.close(); _output.flush(); _output.close(); } UPDATE While this approach worked, it was terribly slow and so I have modified this to create files as buffers and this works very well. Here is the update ... private long getMaxBufferedLines(File file) throws Throwable { long freeBytes = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() / 2; return (freeBytes / (file.length() / getLineCount(file))); } private void join(File left, File right, File output, JoinType joinType) throws Throwable { BufferedReader leftFile = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(left)); BufferedReader rightFile = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(right)); BufferedWriter outputFile = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(output)); long maxBufferedLines = getMaxBufferedLines(right); Record leftRecord; Record rightRecord; leftRecord = read(leftFile); rightRecord = read(rightFile); while( leftRecord != null && rightRecord != null ) { if( leftRecord.getKey().compareTo(rightRecord.getKey()) < 0) { if( joinType == JoinType.LeftOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.LeftExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin ) { write(outputFile, leftRecord, null); } leftRecord = read(leftFile); } else if( leftRecord.getKey().compareTo(rightRecord.getKey()) > 0 ) { if( joinType == JoinType.RightOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.RightExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin ) { write(outputFile, null, rightRecord); } rightRecord = read(rightFile); } else if( leftRecord.getKey().compareTo(rightRecord.getKey()) == 0 ) { String key = leftRecord.getKey(); List<File> rightRecordFileList = new ArrayList<File>(); List<Record> rightRecordList = new ArrayList<Record>(); rightRecordList.add(rightRecord); rightRecord = consume(key, rightFile, rightRecordList, rightRecordFileList, maxBufferedLines); while( leftRecord != null && leftRecord.getKey().compareTo(key) == 0 ) { processRightRecords(outputFile, leftRecord, rightRecordFileList, rightRecordList, joinType); leftRecord = read(leftFile); } // need a dispose for deleting files in list } else { throw new Exception("DATA IS NOT SORTED"); } } if( leftRecord != null ) { if( joinType == JoinType.LeftOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.LeftExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin ) { write(outputFile, leftRecord, null); } leftRecord = read(leftFile); while(leftRecord != null) { if( joinType == JoinType.LeftOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.LeftExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin ) { write(outputFile, leftRecord, null); } leftRecord = read(leftFile); } } else { if( rightRecord != null ) { if( joinType == JoinType.RightOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.RightExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin ) { write(outputFile, null, rightRecord); } rightRecord = read(rightFile); while(rightRecord != null) { if( joinType == JoinType.RightOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.RightExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullExclusiveJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin ) { write(outputFile, null, rightRecord); } rightRecord = read(rightFile); } } } leftFile.close(); rightFile.close(); outputFile.flush(); outputFile.close(); } public void processRightRecords(BufferedWriter outputFile, Record leftRecord, List<File> rightFiles, List<Record> rightRecords, JoinType joinType) throws Throwable { for(File rightFile : rightFiles) { BufferedReader rightReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(rightFile)); Record rightRecord = read(rightReader); while(rightRecord != null){ if( joinType == JoinType.LeftOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.RightOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.InnerJoin ) { write(outputFile, leftRecord, rightRecord); } rightRecord = read(rightReader); } rightReader.close(); } for(Record rightRecord : rightRecords) { if( joinType == JoinType.LeftOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.RightOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.FullOuterJoin || joinType == JoinType.InnerJoin ) { write(outputFile, leftRecord, rightRecord); } } } /** * consume all records having key (either to a single list or multiple files) each file will * store a buffer full of data. The right record returned represents the outside flow (key is * already positioned to next one or null) so we can't use this record in below while loop or * within this block in general when comparing current key. The trick is to keep consuming * from a List. When it becomes empty, re-fill it from the next file until all files have * been consumed (and the last node in the list is read). The next outside iteration will be * ready to be processed (either it will be null or it points to the next biggest key * @throws Throwable * */ private Record consume(String key, BufferedReader reader, List<Record> records, List<File> files, long bufferMaxRecordLines ) throws Throwable { boolean processComplete = false; Record record = records.get(records.size() - 1); while(!processComplete){ long recordCount = records.size(); if( record.getKey().compareTo(key) == 0 ){ record = read(reader); while( record != null && record.getKey().compareTo(key) == 0 && recordCount < bufferMaxRecordLines ) { records.add(record); recordCount++; record = read(reader); } } processComplete = true; // if record is null, we are done if( record != null ) { // if the key has changed, we are done if( record.getKey().compareTo(key) == 0 ) { // Same key means we have exhausted the buffer. // Dump entire buffer into a file. The list of file // pointers will keep track of the files ... processComplete = false; dumpBufferToFile(records, files); records.clear(); records.add(record); } } } return record; } /** * Dump all records in List of Record objects to a file. Then, add that * file to List of File objects * * NEED TO PLACE A LIMIT ON NUMBER OF FILE POINTERS (check size of file list) * * @param records * @param files * @throws Throwable */ private void dumpBufferToFile(List<Record> records, List<File> files) throws Throwable { String prefix = "joiner_" + files.size() + 1; String suffix = ".dat"; File file = File.createTempFile(prefix, suffix, new File("cache")); BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file)); for( Record record : records ) { writer.write( record.dump() ); } files.add(file); writer.flush(); writer.close(); }

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  • Branding Support for TopComponents

    - by Geertjan
    In yesterday's blog entry, you saw how a menu item can be created, in this case with the label "Brand", especially for Java classes that extend TopComponent: And, as you can see here, it's not about the name of the class, i.e., not because the class above is named "BlaTopComponent" because below the "Brand" men item is also available for the class named "Bla": Both the files BlaTopComponent.java and Bla.java have the "Brand" menu item available, because both extend the "org.openide.windows.TopComponent"  class, as shown yesterday. Now we continue by creating a new JPanel, with checkboxes for each part of a TopComponent that we consider to be brandable. In my case, this is the end result, at deployment, when the Brand menu item is clicked for the Bla class: When the user (who, in this case, is a developer) clicks OK, a constructor is created and the related client properties are added, depending on which of the checkboxes are clicked: public Bla() {     putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_SLIDING_DISABLED, false);     putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_UNDOCKING_DISABLED, true);     putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_MAXIMIZATION_DISABLED, false);     putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_CLOSING_DISABLED, true);     putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_DRAGGING_DISABLED, false); } At this point, no check is done to see whether a constructor already exists, nor whether the client properties are already available. That's for an upcoming blog entry! Right now, the constructor is always created, regardless of whether it already exists, and the client properties are always added. The key to all this is the 'actionPeformed' of the TopComponent, which was left empty yesterday. We start by creating a JDialog from the JPanel and we retrieve the selected state of the checkboxes defined in the JPanel: @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ev) {     String msg = dobj.getName() + " Branding";     final BrandTopComponentPanel brandTopComponentPanel = new BrandTopComponentPanel();     dd = new DialogDescriptor(brandTopComponentPanel, msg, true, new ActionListener() {         @Override         public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {             Object result = dd.getValue();             if (DialogDescriptor.OK_OPTION == result) {                 isClosing = brandTopComponentPanel.getClosingCheckBox().isSelected();                 isDragging = brandTopComponentPanel.getDraggingCheckBox().isSelected();                 isMaximization = brandTopComponentPanel.getMaximizationCheckBox().isSelected();                 isSliding = brandTopComponentPanel.getSlidingCheckBox().isSelected();                 isUndocking = brandTopComponentPanel.getUndockingCheckBox().isSelected();                 JavaSource javaSource = JavaSource.forFileObject(dobj.getPrimaryFile());                 try {                     javaSource.runUserActionTask(new ScanTask(javaSource), true);                 } catch (IOException ex) {                     Exceptions.printStackTrace(ex);                 }             }         }     });     DialogDisplayer.getDefault().createDialog(dd).setVisible(true); } Then we start a scan process, which introduces the branding. We're already doing a scan process for identifying whether a class is a TopComponent. So, let's combine those two scans, branching out based on which one we're doing: private class ScanTask implements Task<CompilationController> {     private BrandTopComponentAction action = null;     private JavaSource js = null;     private ScanTask(JavaSource js) {         this.js = js;     }     private ScanTask(BrandTopComponentAction action) {         this.action = action;     }     @Override     public void run(final CompilationController info) throws Exception {         info.toPhase(Phase.ELEMENTS_RESOLVED);         if (action != null) {             new EnableIfTopComponentScanner(info, action).scan(                     info.getCompilationUnit(), null);         } else {             introduceBranding();         }     }     private void introduceBranding() throws IOException {         CancellableTask task = new CancellableTask<WorkingCopy>() {             @Override             public void run(WorkingCopy workingCopy) throws IOException {                 workingCopy.toPhase(Phase.RESOLVED);                 CompilationUnitTree cut = workingCopy.getCompilationUnit();                 TreeMaker treeMaker = workingCopy.getTreeMaker();                 for (Tree typeDecl : cut.getTypeDecls()) {                     if (Tree.Kind.CLASS == typeDecl.getKind()) {                         ClassTree clazz = (ClassTree) typeDecl;                         ModifiersTree methodModifiers = treeMaker.Modifiers(Collections.<Modifier>singleton(Modifier.PUBLIC));                         MethodTree newMethod =                                 treeMaker.Method(methodModifiers,                                 "<init>",                                 treeMaker.PrimitiveType(TypeKind.VOID),                                 Collections.<TypeParameterTree>emptyList(),                                 Collections.EMPTY_LIST,                                 Collections.<ExpressionTree>emptyList(),                                 "{ putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_SLIDING_DISABLED, " + isSliding + ");\n"+                                 "  putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_UNDOCKING_DISABLED, " + isUndocking + ");\n"+                                 "  putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_MAXIMIZATION_DISABLED, " + isMaximization + ");\n"+                                 "  putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_CLOSING_DISABLED, " + isClosing + ");\n"+                                 "  putClientProperty(TopComponent.PROP_DRAGGING_DISABLED, " + isDragging + "); }\n",                                 null);                         ClassTree modifiedClazz = treeMaker.addClassMember(clazz, newMethod);                         workingCopy.rewrite(clazz, modifiedClazz);                     }                 }             }             @Override             public void cancel() {             }         };         ModificationResult result = js.runModificationTask(task);         result.commit();     } } private static class EnableIfTopComponentScanner extends TreePathScanner<Void, Void> {     private CompilationInfo info;     private final AbstractAction action;     public EnableIfTopComponentScanner(CompilationInfo info, AbstractAction action) {         this.info = info;         this.action = action;     }     @Override     public Void visitClass(ClassTree t, Void v) {         Element el = info.getTrees().getElement(getCurrentPath());         if (el != null) {             TypeElement te = (TypeElement) el;             if (te.getSuperclass().toString().equals("org.openide.windows.TopComponent")) {                 action.setEnabled(true);             } else {                 action.setEnabled(false);             }         }         return null;     } }

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  • apache Client Certificate Authentication errors: Certificate Verification: Error (18): self signed certificate

    - by decoy
    So I have been following instructions on setting up Client Certificate Authentication in Apache2 w/ mod_ssl. This is solely for the purpose of testing an application against CAA, not for any sort of production use. So far I've followed http://www.impetus.us/~rjmooney/projects/misc/clientcertauth.html for advice on generating my CA, server, and client encryption information. I've put all three of them into /etc/ssl/ca/private. I've setup the following additional directives in my default_ssl site file: <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ... SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/ca/private/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/ca/private/server.key SSLVerifyClient require SSLVerifyDepth 2 SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/ca/private SSLCACertificateFile /etc/ssl/ca/private/ca.crt <Location /> SSLRequireSSL SSLVerifyClient require SSLVerifyDepth 2 </Location> <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </FilesMatch> <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </Directory> ... </VirtualHost> </IfModule> I've install the p12 file into Chrome, but when I go to visit https://localhost, I get the following errors Chrome: Error 107 (net::ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR): SSL protocol error. Apache: Certificate Verification: Error (18): self signed certificate If I had to guess, one of my directives is not setup right to load and verify the p12 w/ my self created CA. But I can't for the life of me figure out what it is. Would anyone have more experience here who could point me in the right direction?

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  • What code smell best describes this code?

    - by Paul Stovell
    Suppose you have this code in a class: private DataContext _context; public Customer[] GetCustomers() { GetContext(); return _context.Customers.ToArray(); } public Order[] GetOrders() { GetContext(); return _context.Customers.ToArray(); } // For the sake of this example, a new DataContext is *required* // for every public method call private void GetContext() { if (_context != null) { _context.Dispose(); } _context = new DataContext(); } This code isn't thread-safe - if two calls to GetOrders/GetCustomers are made at the same time from different threads, they may end up using the same context, or the context could be disposed while being used. Even if this bug didn't exist, however, it still "smells" like bad code. A much better design would be for GetContext to always return a new instance of DataContext and to get rid of the private field, and to dispose of the instance when done. Changing from an inappropriate private field to a local variable feels like a better solution. I've looked over the code smell lists and can't find one that describes this. In the past I've thought of it as temporal coupling, but the Wikipedia description suggests that's not the term: Temporal coupling When two actions are bundled together into one module just because they happen to occur at the same time. This page discusses temporal coupling, but the example is the public API of a class, while my question is about the internal design. Does this smell have a name? Or is it simply "buggy code"?

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  • Understanding LINQ to SQL (11) Performance

    - by Dixin
    [LINQ via C# series] LINQ to SQL has a lot of great features like strong typing query compilation deferred execution declarative paradigm etc., which are very productive. Of course, these cannot be free, and one price is the performance. O/R mapping overhead Because LINQ to SQL is based on O/R mapping, one obvious overhead is, data changing usually requires data retrieving:private static void UpdateProductUnitPrice(int id, decimal unitPrice) { using (NorthwindDataContext database = new NorthwindDataContext()) { Product product = database.Products.Single(item => item.ProductID == id); // SELECT... product.UnitPrice = unitPrice; // UPDATE... database.SubmitChanges(); } } Before updating an entity, that entity has to be retrieved by an extra SELECT query. This is slower than direct data update via ADO.NET:private static void UpdateProductUnitPrice(int id, decimal unitPrice) { using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection( "Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Integrated Security=True")) using (SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand( @"UPDATE [dbo].[Products] SET [UnitPrice] = @UnitPrice WHERE [ProductID] = @ProductID", connection)) { command.Parameters.Add("@ProductID", SqlDbType.Int).Value = id; command.Parameters.Add("@UnitPrice", SqlDbType.Money).Value = unitPrice; connection.Open(); command.Transaction = connection.BeginTransaction(); command.ExecuteNonQuery(); // UPDATE... command.Transaction.Commit(); } } The above imperative code specifies the “how to do” details with better performance. For the same reason, some articles from Internet insist that, when updating data via LINQ to SQL, the above declarative code should be replaced by:private static void UpdateProductUnitPrice(int id, decimal unitPrice) { using (NorthwindDataContext database = new NorthwindDataContext()) { database.ExecuteCommand( "UPDATE [dbo].[Products] SET [UnitPrice] = {0} WHERE [ProductID] = {1}", id, unitPrice); } } Or just create a stored procedure:CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[UpdateProductUnitPrice] ( @ProductID INT, @UnitPrice MONEY ) AS BEGIN BEGIN TRANSACTION UPDATE [dbo].[Products] SET [UnitPrice] = @UnitPrice WHERE [ProductID] = @ProductID COMMIT TRANSACTION END and map it as a method of NorthwindDataContext (explained in this post):private static void UpdateProductUnitPrice(int id, decimal unitPrice) { using (NorthwindDataContext database = new NorthwindDataContext()) { database.UpdateProductUnitPrice(id, unitPrice); } } As a normal trade off for O/R mapping, a decision has to be made between performance overhead and programming productivity according to the case. In a developer’s perspective, if O/R mapping is chosen, I consistently choose the declarative LINQ code, unless this kind of overhead is unacceptable. Data retrieving overhead After talking about the O/R mapping specific issue. Now look into the LINQ to SQL specific issues, for example, performance in the data retrieving process. The previous post has explained that the SQL translating and executing is complex. Actually, the LINQ to SQL pipeline is similar to the compiler pipeline. It consists of about 15 steps to translate an C# expression tree to SQL statement, which can be categorized as: Convert: Invoke SqlProvider.BuildQuery() to convert the tree of Expression nodes into a tree of SqlNode nodes; Bind: Used visitor pattern to figure out the meanings of names according to the mapping info, like a property for a column, etc.; Flatten: Figure out the hierarchy of the query; Rewrite: for SQL Server 2000, if needed Reduce: Remove the unnecessary information from the tree. Parameterize Format: Generate the SQL statement string; Parameterize: Figure out the parameters, for example, a reference to a local variable should be a parameter in SQL; Materialize: Executes the reader and convert the result back into typed objects. So for each data retrieving, even for data retrieving which looks simple: private static Product[] RetrieveProducts(int productId) { using (NorthwindDataContext database = new NorthwindDataContext()) { return database.Products.Where(product => product.ProductID == productId) .ToArray(); } } LINQ to SQL goes through above steps to translate and execute the query. Fortunately, there is a built-in way to cache the translated query. Compiled query When such a LINQ to SQL query is executed repeatedly, The CompiledQuery can be used to translate query for one time, and execute for multiple times:internal static class CompiledQueries { private static readonly Func<NorthwindDataContext, int, Product[]> _retrieveProducts = CompiledQuery.Compile((NorthwindDataContext database, int productId) => database.Products.Where(product => product.ProductID == productId).ToArray()); internal static Product[] RetrieveProducts( this NorthwindDataContext database, int productId) { return _retrieveProducts(database, productId); } } The new version of RetrieveProducts() gets better performance, because only when _retrieveProducts is first time invoked, it internally invokes SqlProvider.Compile() to translate the query expression. And it also uses lock to make sure translating once in multi-threading scenarios. Static SQL / stored procedures without translating Another way to avoid the translating overhead is to use static SQL or stored procedures, just as the above examples. Because this is a functional programming series, this article not dive into. For the details, Scott Guthrie already has some excellent articles: LINQ to SQL (Part 6: Retrieving Data Using Stored Procedures) LINQ to SQL (Part 7: Updating our Database using Stored Procedures) LINQ to SQL (Part 8: Executing Custom SQL Expressions) Data changing overhead By looking into the data updating process, it also needs a lot of work: Begins transaction Processes the changes (ChangeProcessor) Walks through the objects to identify the changes Determines the order of the changes Executes the changings LINQ queries may be needed to execute the changings, like the first example in this article, an object needs to be retrieved before changed, then the above whole process of data retrieving will be went through If there is user customization, it will be executed, for example, a table’s INSERT / UPDATE / DELETE can be customized in the O/R designer It is important to keep these overhead in mind. Bulk deleting / updating Another thing to be aware is the bulk deleting:private static void DeleteProducts(int categoryId) { using (NorthwindDataContext database = new NorthwindDataContext()) { database.Products.DeleteAllOnSubmit( database.Products.Where(product => product.CategoryID == categoryId)); database.SubmitChanges(); } } The expected SQL should be like:BEGIN TRANSACTION exec sp_executesql N'DELETE FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[CategoryID] = @p0',N'@p0 int',@p0=9 COMMIT TRANSACTION Hoverer, as fore mentioned, the actual SQL is to retrieving the entities, and then delete them one by one:-- Retrieves the entities to be deleted: exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [t0].[ProductID], [t0].[ProductName], [t0].[SupplierID], [t0].[CategoryID], [t0].[QuantityPerUnit], [t0].[UnitPrice], [t0].[UnitsInStock], [t0].[UnitsOnOrder], [t0].[ReorderLevel], [t0].[Discontinued] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[CategoryID] = @p0',N'@p0 int',@p0=9 -- Deletes the retrieved entities one by one: BEGIN TRANSACTION exec sp_executesql N'DELETE FROM [dbo].[Products] WHERE ([ProductID] = @p0) AND ([ProductName] = @p1) AND ([SupplierID] IS NULL) AND ([CategoryID] = @p2) AND ([QuantityPerUnit] IS NULL) AND ([UnitPrice] = @p3) AND ([UnitsInStock] = @p4) AND ([UnitsOnOrder] = @p5) AND ([ReorderLevel] = @p6) AND (NOT ([Discontinued] = 1))',N'@p0 int,@p1 nvarchar(4000),@p2 int,@p3 money,@p4 smallint,@p5 smallint,@p6 smallint',@p0=78,@p1=N'Optimus Prime',@p2=9,@p3=$0.0000,@p4=0,@p5=0,@p6=0 exec sp_executesql N'DELETE FROM [dbo].[Products] WHERE ([ProductID] = @p0) AND ([ProductName] = @p1) AND ([SupplierID] IS NULL) AND ([CategoryID] = @p2) AND ([QuantityPerUnit] IS NULL) AND ([UnitPrice] = @p3) AND ([UnitsInStock] = @p4) AND ([UnitsOnOrder] = @p5) AND ([ReorderLevel] = @p6) AND (NOT ([Discontinued] = 1))',N'@p0 int,@p1 nvarchar(4000),@p2 int,@p3 money,@p4 smallint,@p5 smallint,@p6 smallint',@p0=79,@p1=N'Bumble Bee',@p2=9,@p3=$0.0000,@p4=0,@p5=0,@p6=0 -- ... COMMIT TRANSACTION And the same to the bulk updating. This is really not effective and need to be aware. Here is already some solutions from the Internet, like this one. The idea is wrap the above SELECT statement into a INNER JOIN:exec sp_executesql N'DELETE [dbo].[Products] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [j0] INNER JOIN ( SELECT [t0].[ProductID], [t0].[ProductName], [t0].[SupplierID], [t0].[CategoryID], [t0].[QuantityPerUnit], [t0].[UnitPrice], [t0].[UnitsInStock], [t0].[UnitsOnOrder], [t0].[ReorderLevel], [t0].[Discontinued] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[CategoryID] = @p0) AS [j1] ON ([j0].[ProductID] = [j1].[[Products])', -- The Primary Key N'@p0 int',@p0=9 Query plan overhead The last thing is about the SQL Server query plan. Before .NET 4.0, LINQ to SQL has an issue (not sure if it is a bug). LINQ to SQL internally uses ADO.NET, but it does not set the SqlParameter.Size for a variable-length argument, like argument of NVARCHAR type, etc. So for two queries with the same SQL but different argument length:using (NorthwindDataContext database = new NorthwindDataContext()) { database.Products.Where(product => product.ProductName == "A") .Select(product => product.ProductID).ToArray(); // The same SQL and argument type, different argument length. database.Products.Where(product => product.ProductName == "AA") .Select(product => product.ProductID).ToArray(); } Pay attention to the argument length in the translated SQL:exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [t0].[ProductID] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[ProductName] = @p0',N'@p0 nvarchar(1)',@p0=N'A' exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [t0].[ProductID] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[ProductName] = @p0',N'@p0 nvarchar(2)',@p0=N'AA' Here is the overhead: The first query’s query plan cache is not reused by the second one:SELECT sys.syscacheobjects.cacheobjtype, sys.dm_exec_cached_plans.usecounts, sys.syscacheobjects.[sql] FROM sys.syscacheobjects INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_cached_plans ON sys.syscacheobjects.bucketid = sys.dm_exec_cached_plans.bucketid; They actually use different query plans. Again, pay attention to the argument length in the [sql] column (@p0 nvarchar(2) / @p0 nvarchar(1)). Fortunately, in .NET 4.0 this is fixed:internal static class SqlTypeSystem { private abstract class ProviderBase : TypeSystemProvider { protected int? GetLargestDeclarableSize(SqlType declaredType) { SqlDbType sqlDbType = declaredType.SqlDbType; if (sqlDbType <= SqlDbType.Image) { switch (sqlDbType) { case SqlDbType.Binary: case SqlDbType.Image: return 8000; } return null; } if (sqlDbType == SqlDbType.NVarChar) { return 4000; // Max length for NVARCHAR. } if (sqlDbType != SqlDbType.VarChar) { return null; } return 8000; } } } In this above example, the translated SQL becomes:exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [t0].[ProductID] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[ProductName] = @p0',N'@p0 nvarchar(4000)',@p0=N'A' exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [t0].[ProductID] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t0] WHERE [t0].[ProductName] = @p0',N'@p0 nvarchar(4000)',@p0=N'AA' So that they reuses the same query plan cache: Now the [usecounts] column is 2.

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