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• Ports do not open after rules appended in iptables

  - by user2699451

  I have a server that I am trying to setup for OpenVPN. I have followed all the steps, but I see that when I try to connect to it in Windows, it doesn't allow me, it just hangs on connecting, so I did a nmap scan and I see that port 1194 is not open so naturally I append the rule to open 1194 with: iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT followed by service iptables save and service iptables restart which all executed successfully. Then I try again, but it doesn't work and another nmap scan says that port 1194 is closed. Here is the iptables configuration: # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [27410:3091993] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [5042:376160] -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -j SNAT --to-source 41.185.26.238 -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT # Completed on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [23571:2869068] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [27558:3656524] :vl - [0:0] -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 5252 -m comment --comment "SSH Secure" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -$ -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m comment --comment "SSH" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -m comment --comment "HTTP" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8080 -m comment --comment "HTTPS" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -m comment --comment "HTTP Encrypted" -j ACCEP$ -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth0 -p gre -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i ppp+ -o eth0 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o ppp+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j A$ COMMIT # Completed on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 and my nmap scan from: localhost: nmap localhost Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 09:53 SAST Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1) Host is up (0.000011s latency). Other addresses for localhost (not scanned): 127.0.0.1 Not shown: 996 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 443/tcp open https 1723/tcp open pptp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.06 seconds remote pc: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 09:53 SAST Nmap scan report for rla04-nix1.wadns.net (41.185.26.238) Host is up (0.025s latency). Not shown: 858 filtered ports, 139 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 443/tcp open https 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 15.70 seconds So, I do not know what is causing this, any assistance will be appreciated! UPDATE AFTER FIRST ANSWER::: [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -j REJECT [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# service iptables save iptables: Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:[ OK ] [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# service iptables restart iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter nat [ OK ] iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ] [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# lsof -i :1194 -bash: lsof: command not found iptables -L -n Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5252 /* SSH Secure */ ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 8 state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 /* SSH */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 /* HTTP */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8080 /* HTTPS */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443 /* HTTP Encrypted */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:1723 ACCEPT 47 -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:1194 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED Chain vl (0 references) target prot opt source destination [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# nmap localhostt Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:13 SAST remote pc nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:11 SAST Nmap scan report for rla04-nix1.wadns.net (41.185.26.238) Host is up (0.020s latency). Not shown: 858 filtered ports, 139 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 443/tcp open https 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 4.18 seconds localhost nmap localhost Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:13 SAST Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1) Host is up (0.000011s latency). Other addresses for localhost (not scanned): 127.0.0.1 Not shown: 996 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 443/tcp open https 1723/tcp open pptp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.06 seconds UPDATE AFTER SCANNING UDP PORTS Sorry, I am noob, I am still learning, but here is the output for: nmap -sU [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:33 SAST Nmap scan report for [server address] ([server ip]) Host is up (0.021s latency). Not shown: 997 open|filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 53/udp closed domain 123/udp closed ntp 33459/udp closed unknown Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8.57 seconds btw, no changes have been made since post started (except for iptables changes)

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• VPN/AFP server for centralized TimeMachine backups

  - by Keith Johnson

  I am a sysadmin for a small group of about 7 people who prefer Apple machines for their work. These machines are currently either a) not backed up at all, or b) backed up using Retrospect(Which I'm not very fond of). I don't really have the budget for anything fancy, and I'd like to keep it as user friendly as possible. Ideally I am thinking of a VPN server they can connect to(to keep the traffic secure, and because they work from home frequently) along with an AFP server for use with TimeMachine. The goal would be to get better backup coverage, along with user-initiated restores and overall ease of use. Does this seem like a reasonable idea? Has anyone done this before? Are there any obvious problems I've overlooked?

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• SMTP error 503 when sending mail with Windows Mail & Mobile Me:

  - by Marty Pitt

  I've started getting an error on my windows machine when sending an email through Windows Mail, using Mobile Me: An unknown error has occurred. Subject 'Test' Server Error: 503 Server Response: 503 5.7.0 TLS already in use. Server: 'smtp.me.com' Windows Live Mail Error ID: 0x800CCC65 Protocol: SMTP Port: 587 Secure(SSL): Yes I've checked and double-checked my credentials, and outbound mail settings, and they're correct. I've deleted and re-added the account, and I get the same issue. I'm able to receive email fine. Note - this issue only affects one PC - my laptop has no issues. Any suggestions on what Error 503 means, or how I would fix this?

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• unwanted password prompt pops up on web server?

  - by Paul

  my web server randomly asks for a password as though basic authentication is turned on. It's an IIS 7 web server and you have to specifically install basic authentication in the roles section. It isn't installed. The message that pops up is "Warning: This server is requesting that your username and password be sent in an insecure manner (basic authentication without a secure connection)" I cannot reproduce the problem but a number of customers have reported the problem and it only seems to appear to a small number of customers. It pops up when they visit the homepage, nothing is generated by the IIS logs to indicate a password box is being served (e.g. no 401 errors etc) Can anyone offer any advice? Thanks

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• Window Servers 2003 Security After Support Lifecycle

  - by Daniel Fukuda

  Hello, I wanted to ask if let's say that Microsoft has stopped supporting Windows Server 2003 now so there is no any security updates and I use that system for Domain Controller (Windows XP/7 Professional Clients) and File Server only + I'm using ESET NOD23 AntiVirus. Will my system be secure? I'm asking because I don't surf internet on that system nor I will install/open any programs/documents and that server is connected to router without any open ports. "On July 14, 2015, all Windows 2003 support, including security updates and security-related hotfixes, will be terminated."

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• How to connect to a PEAP GTC wifi network with Android 2.2 on a nexus one?

  - by Glen

  Hi, I recently updated my nexus one to 2.2. Now I can't connect to my uni's wifi. They use PEAP with GTC. I had it working fine on 2.1. Also it works fine on my Ubuntu laptop. I have entered my uni number (user name) in the identity box. I have entered my password in the password box. I have emailed the certificated that works on Ubuntu to my self and installed it on the nexus one. I have enabled secure credentials. What am I doing wrong? Thanks, Glen.

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• Why is autologon in Windows 7 a security risk

  - by Phenom

  If I set my Windows 7 account to automatically logon so I don't have to type a password, and I don't have to click my username on the logon screen, I heard it's a security risk. From Windows 7 Auto Login: Although I don’t personally recommend this, there are some people out there who don’t want to bother with using a password to protect their Windows user account. Of course, using a password in Windows isn’t required, only suggested. But even if you don’t fill one in, you still have to click your user icon to start the login process. An easier way - although again much less secure - is to enable auto-logins for your Windows PC. This is possible in Windows 7, as it was in prior versions, but it takes a little finagling to do so. (And for good reason, darn it.) What is risky about it besides people being able to logon locally? Does it make it easier for hackers to logon remoately?

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• How do I force .htaccess authorization to occur over ssl?

  - by kenja

  I'm trying to force a particular directory to require only allowed IPs and a valid username/password through basic authorization. To ensure that the username/password are sent in encrypted form, I want the directory to also force SSL use. Here is what I have in my .htaccess file: # Force HTTPS-Connection RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443$ RewriteRule (.*) https://www.mywebsite.com%{REQUEST_URI} [R,L] ## password begin ## AuthName "Restricted Access" AuthUserFile /var/www/admin/.htpasswd AuthType Basic Require valid-user Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 79.1.231.151 62.123.134.83 Satisfy All Unfortunately, when I access that directory using http protocol, it is asking for the password before it redirects the page to the secure version. This means the password is sent unencrypted. What am I doing wrong? Is there a way to do this?

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• Why does a browser dialog come up when an xmlhttprequest sends the wrong / no auth?

  - by Kyle

  How come the major browsers all bring up a login dialog when an xmlhttprequest does auth wrong or doesn't send it? I mean isn't this poor UI? Now a days it seems like a lot of people try http auth in jQuery, because theoretically it is quite easy - until the user fails to enter the correct data and is presented with the browsers dialog, which gets in their way, and they might have no idea what to do with it or why it's there? I don't know too much about these low level browser specifications but can someone bring this up with the RFC or webkit/gecko developers? jQuery digest auth could be powerful and user friendly if this was fixed. ** It seems like apache could also fix the problem on their side by not sending the header, but whichever one is the most secure way of doing this would be nice.

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• windows 7 file permission problem

  - by user20989

  i download one zip folder and extract it in windows 7. after extracting it shows file names with green color. now when i try to open any file, it give error access denied. even i set the permission on that file for full control, same error is coming. if i extract same folder in windows vista or xp no error. actually attribute of file is AE and when i right click on file and then select properties-- general-- advance -- encrypt contents to secure data is selected. if uncheck this option i can't apply it again gives error permission denied. Thanks

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• How can I round money values to the nearest $5.00 interval?

  - by Frank Developer

  I have an Informix-SQL based Pawnshop app which calculates an estimate of how much money should be loaned to a customer, based on the weight and purity of gold. The minimum the pawnshop lends is $5.00. The pawnshop employee will typically lend amounts which either ends with a 5 or 0. examples: 10, 15, 20, 100, 110, 125, etc. They do this so as to not run into shortage problems with $1.00 bills. So, if for example my system calculates the loan should be: $12.49, then round it to $10, $12.50 to $15.00, $13.00 to $15.00, $17.50 to $20.00, and so on!..The employee can always override the rounded amount if necessary. Is it possible to accomplish this within the instructions section of a perform screen or would I have to write a cfunc and call it from within perform?.. Are there any C library functions which perform interval rounding of money values?.. On another note, I think the U.S. Government should discontinue the use of pennies so that businesses can round amounts to the nearest nickel, it would save so much time and weight in our pockets!

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• How to make TimeMachine back up contents of any path or mounted volume

  - by Olfan

  I keep different types of data in different encrypted sparsebundle images (say, one for each client) which automatically mount upon login but can't be opened by anybody other than myself. So, after login I have a number of virtual volumes in /Volumes/ which keeps my client data both secure and organized. How do I include data inside these virtual Volumes in TimeMachine's backups, or data residing in any path on any partition/volume? I found a promising solution description at blog.eurocomp.info involving editing the com.apple.TimeMachine.plist but all I can get TimeMachine to do is backing up the sparsebundle files themselves. I want it to back up the files inside the mounted image, though - something like adding /Volumes/Client_abc/ to TimeMachine's search path. Please do not redirect my to this previous question as it doesn't solve the problem at all. Please also refrain from telling me why you think I should not want this answer as that will not solve anything either. Please lastly don't say "it can't be done" unless you can technically prove that claim.

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• Does anybody wish to help a poor researcher publish a paper?

  - by Mihai Todor

  I don't know if this is a good place to beg for help, but here it goes: basically, I need to run a secure recommender system simulation (C++ console application) in order to meet tonight's deadline, and the faculty's server grid decided to go offline. I could really use something like 10+ (actually, about 16 would be required to meet the deadline) virtual instances of some Linux that has GMP installed... Ideally, they should all have the same specs, because a part of the simulation will represent performance benchmarks. If my question is inappropriate in any way, I kindly ask the administrators to remove it.

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• CentOS PAM+LDAP login and host attribute

  - by pianisteg

  My system is CentOS 6.3, openldap is configured well, PAM authorization works fine. But after turning pam_check_host_attr to yes, all LDAP-auths fail with message "Access denied for this host". hostname on the server returns correct value, the same value is listed in user's profile. "pam_check_host_attr no" works fine and allows everyone with correct uid/password a piece of /var/log/secure: Sep 26 05:33:01 ldap sshd[1588]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=my-host user=my-username Sep 26 05:33:01 ldap sshd[1588]: Failed password for my-username from 77.AA.BB.CC port 58528 ssh2 Sep 26 05:33:01 ldap sshd[1589]: fatal: Access denied for user my-username by PAM account configuration Another two servers (CentOS 5.7 Debian) authorizes on this LDAP server correctly. Even with pam_check_host_attr yes! I didn't edit /etc/security/access.conf, it is empty, only default comments. I don't know what to do! How to fix this?

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• How does one guarantee a remote client the same local IP address every time when connecting to a VPN?

  - by Joe Carroll

  I need to configure a VPN for secure remote access to a PACS serving DICOM radiological images. The DICOM standard requires that any clients accessing the PACS must be using a fixed IP address that is pre-registered in PACS. I haven't implemented this solution before and would appreciate any guidance. I believe it should be possible to use RADIUS on the server to authenticate users connecting to the VPN and with it assign each user their own specific local subnet IP address, which would be registered with the PACS. The server runs Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise Edition SP2 and the VPN device is a FortiGate 60C. The What would be the best and/or simplest way to set this up?

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• fail2ban and denyhosts constantly ban me on Ubuntu

  - by Trey Parkman

  I just got an Ubuntu instance on Linode. To secure the SSH on it, I installed fail2ban (using apt-get), but then had a problem: fail2ban kept banning my IP (for limited durations, thankfully) even though I was entering the correct password. So I removed fail2ban and installed denyhosts instead. Same problem, but more severe: It seems like every time I SSH in, my IP gets banned. I remove it from /etc/hosts.deny, restart denyhosts and log in again, and my IP gets banned again. The only explanation I can think of is that I've been SSH-ing in as root (yes, yes, I know); maybe something is set somewhere that blocks anyone who SSH-es in as root, even if they log in successfully? This seems bizarre to me. Any ideas? (Whitelisting my IP is a temporary fix. I don't want to only be able to log on from one IP.)

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• Different file locations for http v https on IIS?

  - by Jeremy Morgan

  We have a server running IIS and have some folders running under https, but most are open. The problem I'm having is when someone is directed from a page in the secure section of the site, the relative link brings up https. For example: link to /pictures goes to http://www.mysite.com/pictures But if someone is on a secured part of the site https://www.mysite.com/shoppingcart And then clicks back to /pictures, they get https://www.mysite.com/pictures so the pictures directory is shown under https. My problem is, they get a 404 not found message when this happens. I could not find anything in the settings that would indicate that secured connections are pulling files from anywhere different than non-secured. If I type http or https on the main page of the site both come up fine. But if I try to add the https:// in a folder level, I get a 404. Any ideas why this might be happening?

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• FTP in DMZ, TCP Ports for LDAP Auth

  - by sam

  szenario: (outside)---(ASA5510)---(inside) -Windows2008 DC .....................(dmz) ..........-Win2008 FTP Server Which Ports do I need to open from DMZ-Inside that FTP Users can authentificated on the Inside DC? I have allready opend 389 (Ldap), 636 (secure Ldap) and 53 (dns). But the ftp Client stucks allways after processing the credentials and the FTP Server gives you an eventlog "logon error". the error messages indicates that there could be an issue with closed ports. if I turn the ACL to "IP", that means all ports are open, everything is working fine.

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• I'm receiving an SSL error in various browsers, but I can't find non-SSL content

  - by Scott Vercuski

  I'm receiving an error with my SSL connection. Using google chrome I see the following error: Your connection is encrypted with 128-bit encryption ... however this page includes other resources which are not secure I've scoured the source code, scripts and rendered code in the browser but cannot find where an http:// call is made. I've also used Fiddler2 to examine the traffic and everything is coming across via HTTPS. Has anyone run into this issue before and if so how did you go about finding the culprit. The website is running ASP.NET MVC3 in C#. The page in question is a simple payment page. The only external call is the google analytics tracking code. The page appears to load correctly, all images and scripts are in place.

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• Where is the best location to keep shared-developer website files in the linux hierarchy?

  - by Tchalvak

  I just started hosting files for a website on my server, and I'm not sure where is an appropriate place to keep them. At the moment, I have them in /var/www/name.of.virtualhost.site/www/. That's obviously not secure because anything below the final public /www/ folder is also available since the /var/www/ contents are already being served up. For example, /var/www/name.of.virtualhost.site/docs/site_policies.txt is accessible via something like defaultsite.com/name.of.virtualhost.site/docs/site_policies.txt. So where is a good place to store the files that make up a website? (when it's a site that only I'm developing, I can obviously just stick them in /home/my_username/sites/name.of.virtualhost.site/, but that doesn't work well when I want other developers to be working on the site's files as well) I'm running a LAMP stack, not that I expect it to matter.

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• inverse relation to multiple inheriting classes in django

  - by Ofri Raviv

  Here are my schematic models: class Law(models.Model): ... class Bill(models.Model): ... # data for a proposed law, or change of an existing law class PrivateBill(Bill): ... # data for a Bill that was initiated by a parliament member class GovernmentBill(Bill): ... # data for a Bill that was initiated by the government It is possible and likely that in the future I (or maybe someone else) would want to add more Bill types. Every Bill should point to a Law (indicating what law this bill is going to change) and my question is: What is the best way to implement this? If I add the ForeignKey(Law) to Bill, I'll have a relation from every Bill to Law, but a Law would only have an inverse relation to Bills (bill_set), and not a different inverse relation to each type of bill. Of course I'll be able to filter each type of bill to get only the ones pointing to a specific Law, but this is something I think I'll need to use often, so I think having privatebill_set, governmentbill_set etc would make the code more readable. Another possible solution is to add the foreign key to each of the inheriting classes (this would give me a privatebill_set, governmentbill_set, futurebill_set), but that seems hairy because I would be relying on future programmers to remember to add that relation. How would you solve this?

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• SQL Server Files Local or NAS or SAN?

  - by Jedi Master Spooky

  I have to install a new Server with SQL Server 2008, What do you recommend, One server with Raid 10 or the Files in a NAS? What about iSCSI should I use it? What about SAN? The server has 4Gb of RAM and that database file is about 2GB. To make my self clear today the server has no RAID, I have to implement some kind of strategy so if something happend I can have my files safe, so What should I choose Local Files, NAS, SAN? What option has the most performance, what is the more secure?

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• Database/Web Server and SQL Server Setup - Security?

  - by Jess

  This seems really basic, but I couldn't find an answer already ... we are looking to deploy a website to an IIS server, and a database to a separate server. We aren't sure how to best secure this for access by internal users and internet. The IIS Server is not connected to the domain, and neither is the database at the moment. Should it be? Also, if we use SQL Server authentication instead of Windows Authentication, should we just hard-code the user/password into our internal apps?

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• Unable to find valid certification path to requested target while CAS authentication

  - by Dmitriy Sukharev

  I'm trying to configure CAS authentication. It requires both CAS and client application to use HTTPS protocol. Unfortunately we should use self-signed certificate (with CN that doesn't have anything in common with our server). Also the server is behind firewall and we have only two ports (ssh and https) visible. As far as there're several application that should be visible externally, we use Apache for ajp reverse proxying requests to these applications. Secure connections are managed by Apache, and all Tomcat are not configured to work with SSL. But I obtained exception while authentication, therefore desided to set keystore in CATALINA_OPTS: export CATALINA_OPTS="-Djavax.net.ssl.keyStore=/path/to/tomcat/ssl/cert.pfx -Djavax.net.ssl.keyStoreType=PKCS12 -Djavax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword=password -Djavax.net.ssl.keyAlias=alias -Djavax.net.debug=ssl" cert.pfx was obtained from certificate and key that are used by Apache HTTP Server: $ openssl pkcs12 -export -out /path/to/tomcat/ssl/cert.pfx -inkey /path/to/apache2/ssl/server-key.pem -in /path/to/apache2/ssl/server-cert.pem When I try to authenticate a user I obtain the following exception: Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:174) ~[na:1.6.0_32] at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:238) ~[na:1.6.0_32] at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:318) ~[na:1.6.0_32] Meanwhile I can see in catalina.out that Tomcat see certificate in cert.pfx and it's the same as the one that is used while authentication: 09:11:38.886 [http-bio-8080-exec-2] DEBUG o.j.c.c.v.Cas20ProxyTicketValidator - Constructing validation url: https://external-ip/cas/proxyValidate?pgtUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fexternal-ip%2Fclient%2Fj_spring_cas_security_proxyreceptor&ticket=ST-17-PN26WtdsZqNmpUBS59RC-cas&service=https%3A%2F%2Fexternal-ip%2Fclient%2Fj_spring_cas_security_check 09:11:38.886 [http-bio-8080-exec-2] DEBUG o.j.c.c.v.Cas20ProxyTicketValidator - Retrieving response from server. keyStore is : /path/to/tomcat/ssl/cert.pfx keyStore type is : PKCS12 keyStore provider is : init keystore init keymanager of type SunX509 *** found key for : 1 chain [0] = [ [ Version: V1 Subject: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country Signature Algorithm: SHA1withRSA, OID = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5 Key: Sun RSA public key, 1024 bits modulus: 13??a lot of digits here??19 public exponent: ????7 Validity: [From: Tue Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2012, To: Wed Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2013] Issuer: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country SerialNumber: [ d??????? ????????] ] Algorithm: [SHA1withRSA] Signature: 0000: 65 Signature is here 0070: 96 . ] *** trustStore is: /jdk-home-folder/jre/lib/security/cacerts Here is a lot of trusted CAs. Here is nothing related to our certicate or our (not trusted) CA. ... 09:11:39.731 [http-bio-8080-exec-4] DEBUG o.j.c.c.v.Cas20ProxyTicketValidator - Retrieving response from server. Allow unsafe renegotiation: false Allow legacy hello messages: true Is initial handshake: true Is secure renegotiation: false %% No cached client session *** ClientHello, TLSv1 RandomCookie: GMT: 1347433643 bytes = { 63, 239, 180, 32, 103, 140, 83, 7, 109, 149, 177, 80, 223, 79, 243, 244, 60, 191, 124, 139, 108, 5, 122, 238, 146, 1, 54, 218 } Session ID: {} Cipher Suites: [SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5, SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV] Compression Methods: { 0 } *** http-bio-8080-exec-4, WRITE: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 75 http-bio-8080-exec-4, WRITE: SSLv2 client hello message, length = 101 http-bio-8080-exec-4, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 81 *** ServerHello, TLSv1 RandomCookie: GMT: 1347433643 bytes = { 145, 237, 232, 63, 240, 104, 234, 201, 148, 235, 12, 222, 60, 75, 174, 0, 103, 38, 196, 181, 27, 226, 243, 61, 34, 7, 107, 72 } Session ID: {79, 202, 117, 79, 130, 216, 168, 38, 68, 29, 182, 82, 16, 25, 251, 66, 93, 108, 49, 133, 92, 108, 198, 23, 120, 120, 135, 151, 15, 13, 199, 87} Cipher Suite: SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA Compression Method: 0 Extension renegotiation_info, renegotiated_connection: <empty> *** %% Created: [Session-2, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA] ** SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA http-bio-8080-exec-4, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 609 *** Certificate chain chain [0] = [ [ Version: V1 Subject: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country Signature Algorithm: SHA1withRSA, OID = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5 Key: Sun RSA public key, 1024 bits modulus: 13??a lot of digits here??19 public exponent: ????7 Validity: [From: Tue Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2012, To: Wed Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2013] Issuer: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country SerialNumber: [ d??????? ????????] ] Algorithm: [SHA1withRSA] Signature: 0000: 65 Signature is here 0070: 96 . ] *** http-bio-8080-exec-4, SEND TLSv1 ALERT: fatal, description = certificate_unknown http-bio-8080-exec-4, WRITE: TLSv1 Alert, length = 2 http-bio-8080-exec-4, called closeSocket() http-bio-8080-exec-4, handling exception: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target I tried to convert our pem certificate to der format and imported it to trustedKeyStore (cacerts) (without private key), but it didn't change anything. But I'm not confident that I did it rigth. Also I must inform you that I don't know passphrase for our servier-key.pem file, and probably it differs from password for keystore created by me. OS: CentOS 6.2 Architecture: x64 Tomcat version: 7 Apache HTTP Server version: 2.4 Is there any way to make Tomcat accepts our certificate?

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• Implementing a form of port knocking + Phone Factor = 2 Factor auth for RDP?

  - by jshin47

  I have been looking into how to secure a publicly-available RDP endpoint and want to implement our two-factor authentication RADIUS server, PhoneFactor. I would like to implement the following process: User opens up web app in browser In web app, user enters username + password, initiates RADIUS auth Phone factor calls user to complete auth Once user is authenticated, port 3389 is opened on user's IP on pfSense firewall. After some amount of time, firewall rule is removed for that IP I would like to know the following: Is this a typical setup? If it is a bad idea, please explain why. If it is possible, are there any packages that assist with this? Specifically, the third step, where the appropriate firewall rule would need to be added... Edit: I am aware of TS Web Gateway, but I want the users to be able to use the traditional RDP client...

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