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• Difference in behaviour (GCC and Visual C++)

  - by Prasoon Saurav

  Consider the following code. #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> #include <iostream> struct XYZ { int X,Y,Z; }; std::vector<XYZ> A; int rec(int idx) { int i = A.size(); A.push_back(XYZ()); if (idx >= 5) return i; A[i].X = rec(idx+1); return i; } int main(){ A.clear(); rec(0); puts("FINISH!"); } I couldn't figure out the reason why the code gives a segmentation fault on Linux (IDE used: Code::Blocks) whereas on Windows (IDE used: Visual C++) it doesn't. When I used Valgrind just to check what actually the problem was, I got this output. I got Invalid write of size 4 at four different places. Then why didn't the code crash when I used Visual C++? Am I missing something?

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• Simple average calculation

  - by sasquatch90

  I'm trying to write program calculating average of given numbers stored in an array. Amount of numbers should be not more than 100, and user should input them until a !int variable is given : #include <iostream> #include <conio.h> using namespace std; double average(int tab[], int i){ int sum=0; for(int j=0; j<i; ++j){ sum+=tab[j]; } return (double)sum/i; } int main() { int tab[100]; int n=0; int number=0; do { if(n < 100){ cout << "Give " << n+1 << " number : "; cin >> number; tab[n]=number; number=0; ++n; } else{ break; } } while( !isdigit(number) ); cout << average(tab, n) << endl; getch(); return 0; } Why after giving char, it prints me 'Give n number:' for all empty cells of my array ? It should end and use only given numbers.

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• Variable length argument list - How to understand we retrieved the last argument?

  - by hkBattousai

  I have a Polynomial class which holds coefficients of a given polynomial. One of its overloaded constructors is supposed to receive these coefficients via variable argument list. template <class T> Polynomial<T>::Polynomial(T FirstCoefficient, ...) { va_list ArgumentPointer; va_start(ArgumentPointer, FirstCoefficient); T NextCoefficient = FirstCoefficient; std::vector<T> Coefficients; while (true) { Coefficients.push_back(NextCoefficient); NextCoefficient = va_arg(ArgumentPointer, T); if (/* did we retrieve all the arguments */) // How do I implement this? { break; } } m_Coefficients = Coefficients; } I know that we usually pass an extra parameter which tells the recipient method the total number of parameters, or we pass a sentimental ending parameter. But in order to keep thing short and clean, I don't prefer passing an extra parameter. Is there any way of doing this without modifying the method signature in the example?

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• How do you search a document for a string in c++?

  - by Jeff

  Here's my code so far: #include<iostream> #include<string> #include<fstream> using namespace std; int main() { int count = 0; string fileName; string keyWord; string word; cout << "Please make sure the document is in the same file as the program, thank you!" << endl << "Please input document name: " ; getline(cin, fileName); cout << endl; cout << "Please input the word you'd like to search for: " << endl; cin >> keyWord; cout << endl; ifstream infile(fileName.c_str()); while(infile.is_open()) { getline(cin,word); if(word == keyWord) { cout << word << endl; count++; } if(infile.eof()) { infile.close(); } } cout << count; } I'm not sure how to go to the next word, currently this infinite loops...any recommendation? Also...how do I tell it to print out the line that that word was on? Thanks in advance!

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• Multithreading using pthread in C++ with shared variables

  - by Saviour Self

  I'm new to threading (and C/C++ for that matter), and I'm attempting to use multiple threads to access shared variables. In the main, I've created a variable char inputarray[100]; Thread 1: This thread will be reading data from stdin in 2 byte bursts, and appending them to the inputarray. (input by feeding a file in) Thread 2: This thread will be reading data 1 byte at a time, performing a calculation, and putting its data into an output array. Thread 3: This thread will be outputting data from the output array in 2 byte bursts. (stdout) I've attempted the input part and got it working by passing a struct, but would like to do it without using a struct, but it has been giving me problems. If I can get input down, I'm sure I'll be able to use a similar strategy to complete output. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Below is a rough template for the input thread. #include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> using namespace std; void* input(void* arg) { char reading[3]; fread(reading,1,2,stdin); //append to char inputarray[]..??? } int main() { char inputarray[100]; pthread_t t1; pthread_create(&t1, NULL, &input, &inputarray); void *result; pthread_join(t1,&result); return 0; }

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• MFC/CCriticalSection: Simple lock situation hangs

  - by raph.amiard

  I have to program a simple threaded program with MFC/C++ for a uni assignment. I have a simple scenario in wich i have a worked thread which executes a function along the lines of : UINT createSchedules(LPVOID param) { genProgThreadVal* v = (genProgThreadVal*) param; // v->searcherLock is of type CcriticalSection* while(1) { if(v->searcherLock->Lock()) { //do the stuff, access shared object , exit clause etc.. v->searcherLock->Unlock(); } } PostMessage(v->hwnd, WM_USER_THREAD_FINISHED , 0,0); delete v; return 0; } In my main UI class, i have a CListControl that i want to be able to access the shared object (of type std::List). Hence the locking stuff. So this CList has an handler function looking like this : void Ccreationprogramme::OnLvnItemchangedList5(NMHDR *pNMHDR, LRESULT *pResult) { LPNMLISTVIEW pNMLV = reinterpret_cast<LPNMLISTVIEW>(pNMHDR); if((pNMLV->uChanged & LVIF_STATE) && (pNMLV->uNewState & LVNI_SELECTED)) { searcherLock.Lock(); // do the stuff on shared object searcherLock.Unlock(); // do some more stuff } *pResult = 0; } The searcherLock in both function is the same object. The worker thread function is passed a pointer to the CCriticalSection object, which is a member of my dialog class. Everything works but, as soon as i do click on my list, and so triggers the handler function, the whole program hangs indefinitely.I tried using a Cmutex. I tried using a CSingleLock wrapping over the critical section object, and none of this has worked. What am i missing ?

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• Function pointers to member functions

  - by Jacob

  There are several duplicates of this but nobody explains why I can use a member variable to store the pointer (in FOO) but when I try it with a local variable (in the commented portion of BAR), it's illegal. Could anybody explain this? #include <iostream> using namespace std; class FOO { public: int (FOO::*fptr)(int a, int b); int add_stuff(int a, int b) { return a+b; } void call_adder(int a, int b) { fptr = &FOO::add_stuff; cout<<(this->*fptr)(a,b)<<endl; } }; class BAR { public: int add_stuff(int a, int b) { return a+b; } void call_adder(int a, int b) { //int (BAR::*fptr)(int a, int b); //fptr = &BAR::add_stuff; //cout<<(*fptr)(a,b)<<endl; } }; int main() { FOO test; test.call_adder(10,20); return 0; }

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• Recursive templates: compilation error under g++

  - by Johannes

  Hi, I am trying to use templates recursively to define (at compile-time) a d-tuple of doubles. The code below compiles fine with Visual Studio 2010, but g++ fails and complains that it "cannot call constructor 'point<1::point' directly". Could anyone please shed some light on what is going on here? Many thanks, Jo #include <iostream> #include <utility> using namespace std; template <const int N> class point { private: pair<double, point<N-1> > coordPointPair; public: point() { coordPointPair.first = 0; coordPointPair.second.point<N-1>::point(); } }; template<> class point<1> { private: double coord; public: point() { coord= 0; } }; int main() { point<5> myPoint; return 0; }

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• Returning reference to object is not changing the address in c++

  - by ashish-sangwan

  I am trying to understand functions returning a reference. For that I have written a simple program: #include<iostream> using namespace std; class test { int i; friend test& func(); public: test(int j){i=j;} void show(){cout<<i<<endl;} }; test& func() { test temp(10); return temp; //// Address of temp=0xbfcb2874 } int main() { test obj1(50); // Address of obj1=0xbfcb28a0 func()=obj1; <= Problem:The address of obj1 is not changing obj1.show(); // // Address of obj1=0xbfcb28a0 return 0; } I ran the program using gdb and observed that the address of obj1 still remains same, but I expect it to get changed to 0xbfcb2874. I am not clear with the concept. Please help.

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• Difference in behaviour( gcc and MSVC++ )

  - by Prasoon Saurav

  Consider the following code. #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> #include <iostream> struct XYZ { int X,Y,Z; }; std::vector<XYZ> A; int rec(int idx) { int i = A.size(); A.push_back(XYZ()); if (idx >= 5) return i; A[i].X = rec(idx+1); return i; } int main(){ A.clear(); rec(0); puts("FINISH!"); } I couldn't figure out the reason why the code gives segmentation fault on Linux(IDE used: Code::Blocks) whereas on Windows(IDE used : MSVC++) it doesn't. When I used valgrind just to check what actually the problem was, I got this output. I got Invalid write of size 4 at four different places. Then why didn't the code crash when I used MSVC++? Am I missing something?

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• Retruning reference to object not changing the address in c++

  - by ashish-sangwan

  I am trying to understand function returning reference. For that i have written a simple program :- include using namespace std; class test { int i; friend test& func(); public: test(int j){i=j;} void show(){cout< }; test& func() { test temp(10); return temp; //// Address of temp=0xbfcb2874 } int main() { test obj1(50); // Address of obj1=0xbfcb28a0 func()=obj1; <= Problem:The address of obj1 is not changing obj1.show(); // // Address of obj1=0xbfcb28a0 return 0; } I run the program using gdb and observed that the address of obj1 still remains same but i expect it to get changed to 0xbfcb2874. I am not clear with the concept. Please help. Thanks in advance

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• Omit return type in C++0x

  - by Clinton

  I've recently found myself using the following macro with gcc 4.5 in C++0x mode: #define RETURN(x) -> decltype(x) { return x; } And writing functions like this: template <class T> auto f(T&& x) RETURN (( g(h(std::forward<T>(x))) )) I've been doing this to avoid the inconvenience having to effectively write the function body twice, and having keep changes in the body and the return type in sync (which in my opinion is a disaster waiting to happen). The problem is that this technique only works on one line functions. So when I have something like this (convoluted example): template <class T> auto f(T&& x) -> ... { auto y1 = f(x); auto y2 = h(y1, g1(x)); auto y3 = h(y1, g2(x)); if (y1) { ++y3; } return h2(y2, y3); } Then I have to put something horrible in the return type. Furthermore, whenever I update the function, I'll need to change the return type, and if I don't change it correctly, I'll get a compile error if I'm lucky, or a runtime bug in the worse case. Having to copy and paste changes to two locations and keep them in sync I feel is not good practice. And I can't think of a situation where I'd want an implicit cast on return instead of an explicit cast. Surely there is a way to ask the compiler to deduce this information. What is the point of the compiler keeping it a secret? I thought C++0x was designed so such duplication would not be required.

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• Segmentation fault on returning from main (very short and simple code, no arrays or pointers)

  - by Gábor Kovács

  I've been wondering why the following trivial code produces a segmentation fault when returning from main(): //Produces "Error while dumping state (probably corrupted stack); Segmentation fault" #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <vector> using namespace std; class Test { vector<int> numbers; }; int main() { Test a; ifstream infile; cout << "Last statement..." << endl; // this gets executed return 0; } Interestingly, 1) if only one of the two variables is declared, I don't get the error, 2) if I declare a vector variable instead of an object with a vector member, everything's fine, 3) if I declare an ofstream instead of an ifstream, again, everything works fine. Something appears to be wrong with this specific combination... Could this be a compiler bug? I use gcc version 3.4.4 with cygwin. Thanks for the tips in advance. Gábor

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• boost multi_index partial indexes

  - by Gokul

  Hi, I want to implement inside boost multi-index two sets of keys with same search criteria but different eviction criteria. Say i have two sets of data with same search condition, but one set needs a MRU(Most Recently Used) list of 100 and the other set requires a MRU of 200. Say the entry is like this class Student { int student_no; char sex; std::string address; }; The search criteria is student_no, but for sex='m', we need MRU of 200 and for sex='f', we need a MRU of 100. Now i have a solution where in i introduce a new ordered index to maintain ordering. For example the IndexSpecifierList will be something like this typedef multi_index_container< Student, indexed_by< ordered_unique< member<Student, int, &Student::student_no> >, ordered_unique< composite_key< member<Student, char, &Student::sex>, member<Student, int, &Student::sex_specific_student_counter> > > > > student_set Now everytime, i am inserting a new one, i have to take a equal_range for that using index 2 and remove the oldest one and if something is getting re-used, i have to update it by incrementing the counter. Is there a better solution to this kind of problem? Thanks, Gokul.

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• Guru of the Week 2 no match for the operator==

  - by Adam

  From Guru of the Week 2. We have the function: string FindAddr(const list<Employee> l, string name) { for( list<Employee>::const_iterator i = l.begin(); i != l.end(); i++) { if( *i == name ) // here will be compilation error { return (*i).addr; } } return ""; } I added dummy Employee class to that: class Employee { string n; public: string addr; Employee(string name) : n(name) {} Employee() {} string name() const { return n; } operator string() { return n; } }; And got compilation error: error: no match for ‘operator==’ in ‘i.std::_List_iterator<_Tp>::operator* [with _Tp = Employee]() == name’ It works only if add operator== to Employee. But, Herb Sutter wrote that: The Employee class isn't shown, but for this to work it must either have a conversion to string or a conversion ctor taking a string. But Employee has a conversion function and conversion constructor as well. GCC version 4.4.3. Compiled normally, g++ file.cpp without any flags. There should be implicit conversion and it should work, why it doesn't?

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• push(ing)_back objects pointers within a loop

  - by Jose Manuel Albornoz

  Consider the following: I have a class CDevices containing, amongst others, a string member class CDevice { public: CDevice(void); ~CDevice(void); // device name std::string Device_Name; etc... } and somewhere else in my code I define another class that contains a vector of pointers to CDevices class CDevice; class CServers { public: CServers(void); ~CServers(void); // Devices vector vector<CDevice*> Devices; etc... } The problem appears in the following lines in my main.c pDevice = new CDevice; pDevice->Device_Name = "de"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); pDevice->Device_Name = " revolotiunibus"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); pDevice->Device_Name = " orbium"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); pDevice->Device_Name = " coelestium"; Devices.push_back(pDevice); for(int i = 0; i < (int)Devices.size(); ++i) cout << "\nLoad name = " << Devices.at(i)->Device_Name << endl; The output I get is " coelestium" repeated four times: each time I push_back a new element into the vector all of the already existing elements take the value of the one which has just been added. I have also tried using iterators to recover each element in the vector with the same results. Could someone please tell me what's wrong here? Thankx

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• Hello world/Console Project in Visual Studio 2008 64 bit

  - by grobartn

  So I am trying to run console 64 bit Hello World program. I have Windows 7 Enterprise x64 bit version. I have installed Visual Studio 2008 and have added all of components needed for 64 bit. I want to create simple console application. It turns out to be a problem. I have simple standard hello world project. I have created it using New Project - Empty project. I added main.cpp that contains this: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { cout << "howdy\n"; } I added new configuration to the project by clicking on Config Manager and added x64 config. Compiled and it compiles. Tried running it and cmd.exe shoots up with following error: "The application has failed to start because its side-by-side configuration is in correct. Please see the application event log or use the command-line sxstrace.e xe tool for more detail. Press any key to continue . . . " Which set-up step if any I am missing. What am I doing wrong and how should I go about setting simple console hello world in 64 bit world. Thanks for any help

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• Boost threading/mutexs, why does this work?

  - by Flamewires

  Code: #include <iostream> #include "stdafx.h" #include <boost/thread.hpp> #include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp> using namespace std; boost::mutex mut; double results[10]; void doubler(int x) { //boost::mutex::scoped_lock lck(mut); results[x] = x*2; } int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { boost::thread_group thds; for (int x = 10; x>0; x--) { boost::thread *Thread = new boost::thread(&doubler, x); thds.add_thread(Thread); } thds.join_all(); for (int x = 0; x<10; x++) { cout << results[x] << endl; } return 0; } Output: 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Press any key to continue . . . So...my question is why does this work(as far as i can tell, i ran it about 20 times), producing the above output, even with the locking commented out? I thought the general idea was: in each thread: calculate 2*x copy results to CPU register(s) store calculation in correct part of array copy results back to main(shared) memory I would think that under all but perfect conditions this would result in some part of the results array having 0 values. Is it only copying the required double of the array to a cpu register? Or is it just too short of a calculation to get preempted before it writes the result back to ram? Thanks.

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• [C++] My First Go With Function Templates

  - by bobber205

  Thought it was pretty straight forward. But I get a "iterator not dereferencable" errro when running the below code. What's wrong? template<typename T> struct SumsTo : public std::binary_function<T, T, bool> { int myInt; SumsTo(int a) { myInt = a; } bool operator()(const T& l, const T& r) { cout << l << " + " << r; if ((l + r) == myInt) { cout << " does add to " << myInt; } else { cout << " DOES NOT add to " << myInt; } return true; } }; void main() { list<int> l1; l1.push_back(1); l1.push_back(2); l1.push_back(3); l1.push_back(4); list<int> l2; l2.push_back(9); l2.push_back(8); l2.push_back(7); l2.push_back(6); transform(l1.begin(), l1.end(), l2.begin(), l2.end(), SumsTo<int>(10) ); }

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• binary_search not working for a vector<string>

  - by VaioIsBorn

  #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; int main(void) { string temp; vector<string> encrypt, decrypt; int i,n, co=0; cin >> n; for(i=0;i<n;i++) { cin >> temp; encrypt.push_back(temp); } for(i=0;i<n;i++) { cin >> temp; decrypt.push_back(temp); } for(i=0;i<n;i++) { temp = encrypt[i]; if((binary_search(decrypt.begin(), decrypt.end(), temp)) == true) ++co; } cout << co << endl; return 0; } It reads two equal lists of strings and should print out how many of the words in the first list are also found in the second list, simple. Not giving me the expexted results and i think the problem is in binary_search. Can you tell me why ?

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• Can piping of screen to file change the result of a C++ code?

  - by Biga

  I am having this very weird behaviour with a C++ code: It gives me different results when running with and without piping the screen to a file (reproducible in cygwin and linux). I mean, if I get the same executable and run it like './run' or run it like './run out.log', I get different results! I use std::cout to output to screen, all lines ending with endl; I use ifstream for the input file; I use ofstream for output, all lines ending with endl. I am using g++ 4. Any idea what is going on? UPDATE: I have hard-coded the input data, so 'ifstream' is not used, and problem persists. UPDATE 2: That's getting interesting. I have output three variables that are computed initially, and that's what I get with and without piping direct to screen: 0 -0.02 0 piped: 0 -0.02 1.04083e-17 So there's a round-off difference with and without piping the output! Now, why piping would interefere with an internal computation of the code?

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• Path String Combination Question.

  - by Nano HE

  Hi. Please see my code below. ifstream myLibFile ("libs//%s" , line); // Compile failed here ??? I want to combine the path string and open the related file again. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main () { string line; ifstream myfile ("libs//Config.txt"); // There are several file names listed in the COnfig.txt file line by line. if (myfile.is_open()) { while (! myfile.eof() ) { getline (myfile,line); cout << line << endl; // Read details lib files based on the each line file name. string libFileLine; ifstream myLibFile ("libs//%s" , line); // Compile failed here ??? if (myLibFile.is_open()) { while (! myLibFile.eof() ) { print "success"; } myLibFile.close(); } } myfile.close(); } else cout << "Unable to open file"; return 0; }

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• Template trick to optimize out allocations

  - by anon

  I have: struct DoubleVec { std::vector<double> data; }; DoubleVec operator+(const DoubleVec& lhs, const DoubleVec& rhs) { DoubleVec ans(lhs.size()); for(int i = 0; i < lhs.size(); ++i) { ans[i] = lhs[i]] + rhs[i]; // assume lhs.size() == rhs.size() } return ans; } DoubleVec someFunc(DoubleVec a, DoubleVec b, DoubleVec c, DoubleVec d) { DoubleVec ans = a + b + c + d; } Now, in the above, the "a + b + c + d" will cause the creation of 3 temporary DoubleVec's -- is there a way to optimize this away with some type of template magic ... i.e. to optimize it down to something equivalent to: DoubleVec ans(a.size()); for(int i = 0; i < ans.size(); i++) ans[i] = a[i] + b[i] + c[i] + d[i]; You can assume all DoubleVec's have the same # of elements. The high level idea is to have do some type of templateied magic on "+", which "delays the computation" until the =, at which point it looks into itself, goes hmm ... I'm just adding thes numbers, and syntheizes a[i] + b[i] + c[i] + d[i] ... instead of all the temporaries. Thanks!

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• Suggestions on error handling of Win32 C++ code: AtlThrow vs. STL exceptions

  - by EmbeddedProg

  In writing Win32 C++ code, I'd appreciate some hints on how to handle errors of Win32 APIs. In particular, in case of a failure of a Win32 function call (e.g. MapViewOfFile), is it better to: use AtlThrowLastWin32 define a Win32Exception class derived from std::exception, with an added HRESULT data member to store the HRESULT corresponding to value returned by GetLastError? In this latter case, I could use the what() method to return a detailed error string (e.g. "MapViewOfFile call failed in MyClass::DoSomething() method."). What are the pros and cons of 1 vs. 2? Is there any other better option that I am missing? As a side note, if I'd like to localize the component I'm developing, how could I localize the exception what() string? I was thinking of building a table mapping the original English string returned by what() into a Unicode localized error string. Could anyone suggest a better approach? Thanks much for your insights and suggestions.

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• Can redirection of screen output to file change the result of a C++ code?

  - by Biga

  I am having this very weird behaviour with a C++ code: It gives me different results when running with and without redirecting the screen output to a file (reproducible in cygwin and linux). I mean, if I get the same executable and run it like ./run or run it like ./run >out.log, I get different results! I use std::cout to output to screen, all lines ending with endl; I use ifstream for the input file; I use ofstream for output, all lines ending with endl. I am using g++ 4. Any idea what is going on? UPDATE: I have hard-coded the input data, so 'ifstream' is not used, and problem persists. UPDATE 2: That's getting interesting. I have probed three variables that are computed initially, and that's what I get when using with and without redirecting the output to file redirected to file: 0 -0.02 0 direct to screen: 0 -0.02 1.04083e-17 So there's a round-off difference in the code variables with and without redirecting the output! Now, why redirecting would interefere with an internal computation of the code? UPDATE 3: If I redirect to /dev/null, I get the sam behaviour as outputing direct to screen, instead of redirecting to file.

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