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• what is the pattern for modifying a collection in C#

  - by macias

  What is the pattern (best practice) for such problem -- modifying elements (values) in collection? Conditions: size of the collection is not changed (no element is deleted or added) modification is in-place In C++ it was easy and nice, I just iterated trough a collection and changed the elements. But in C# iterating (using enumerator) is read-only operation (speaking in terms of C++, only const_iterator is available). So, how to do this in C#? Example: having sequence of "1,2,3,4" modification is changing it to "1, 2, 8, 9" but not "1, 2, 3" or "1, 2, 3, 4, 5".

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• Magento Design Patterns

  - by JonB

  Magento, IMHO, represents a PHP system that is built on well thought-out coding principles - reuseable design patterns being one of them. In terms of an example of a PHP system, I think it can be considered pretty cutting edge and therefore worth considering from an architectural point of view. As I understand it, there are many design patterns that are available to the OOP developer. Seeing such patterns being put to use in an open-source system such as Magento allows a developer to view examples of such patterns in real use and in situ, rather than in examples that can sometimes be rather achedemic, and even a little misleading. As such, I am wondering what patterns, other than the ones I have listed below, Magento programmers have used when developing for Magento. As a note, I understand that some of these patterns are in place as a consequence of being built on the Zend Framework, MVC / Front Controller being a couple of them, The obvious ones are: Factory: $product = Mage::getModel('catalog/product'); Singleton: $category = Mage::getSingleton('catalog/session'); Registry: $currentCategory = Mage::registry('current_category');

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• Gracefully avoiding NullPointerException in Java

  - by Yuval A

  Consider this line: if (object.getAttribute("someAttr").equals("true")) { // .... Obviously this line is a potential bug, the attribute might be null and we will get a NullPointerException. So we need to refactor it to one of two choices: First option: if ("true".equals(object.getAttribute("someAttr"))) { // .... Second option: String attr = object.getAttribute("someAttr"); if (attr != null) { if (attr.equals("true")) { // .... The first option is awkward to read but more concise, while the second one is clear in intent, but verbose. Which option do you prefer in terms of readability?

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• What's the most "death-resistant" component on Android?

  - by Arhimed

  I'm looking for the most suitable class to be a dispatcher for AsyncTasks invoked from my Activities. I think it could be one of these: subclass of Application; subclass of Service; my own static stuff. As for me - it's simlier to implement the 3rd choice. But the question is will it be more "death-resistant" than Service or Application? Also it's very interesting what will live longer - Application or Service? My guess is the Application lives as long as the app (task in terms of Android) process lives. So basically I need to range those options by their "death-resistant" quality, because I'd like to rely on the most "static" thing.

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• SOAP - What's the point?

  - by DanSingerman

  I mean, really, what is the point of SOAP? Web services have been around for a while, and for a while it seemed that the terms 'SOAP' and 'Web service' were largely interchangeable. However SOAP always seemed unwieldy and massively overcomplicated to me. Then REST came along, and suddenly web services made sense. As Joel Spolsky says, give a programmer a REST URL, and they can start playing with the service right away, figuring it out. SOAP is obfuscated behind WSDLs and massively verbose XML, and despite being web based, you can't do anything as simple as access a SOAP service with a web browser. So the essence of my question is: Are there any good reasons to ever choose SOAP over REST? Are you working with SOAP now? Would it be better if the interface was REST? Am I wrong?

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• Passing HttpFileCollectionBase to the Business Layer - Bad?

  - by Terry_Brown

  hopefully there's an easy solution to this one. I have my MVC2 project which allows uploads of files on certain forms. I'm trying to keep my controllers lean, and handle the processing within the business layer of this sort of thing. That said, HttpFileCollectionBase is obviously in the System.Web assembly. Ideally I want to call to something like: UserService.SaveEvidenceFiles(MyUser user, HttpFileCollectionBase files); or something similar and have my business layer handle the logic of how and where these things are saved. But, it feels a little icky to have my models layer with a reference to System.Web in terms of separation of concerns etc. So, we have (that I'm aware of) a few options: the web project handling this, and my controllers getting fatter mapping the HttpFileCollectionBase to something my business layer likes passing the collection through, and accepting that I reference System.Web from my business project Would love some feedback here on best practice approaches to this sort of thing - even if not specifically within the context of the above.

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• Interpreted vs. Compiled vs. Late-Binding

  - by zubin71

  Python is compiled into an intermediate bytecode(pyc) and then executed. So, there is a compilation followed by interpretation. However, long-time Python users say that Python is a "late-binding" language and that it should`nt be referred to as an interpreted language. How would Python be different from another interpreted language? Could you tell me what "late-binding" means, in the Python context? Java is another language which first has source code compiled into bytecode and then interpreted into bytecode. Is Java an interpreted/compiled language? How is it different from Python in terms of compilation/execution? Java is said to not have, "late-binding". Does this have anything to do with Java programs being slighly faster than Python? Itd be great if you could also give me links to places where people have already discussed this; id love to read more on this. Thank you.

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• Is this a good way to identify the type of a javascript object?

  - by FK82

  Apparently neither instanceof nor typeof deliver in terms of correctly identifying the type of every javascript object. I have come up with this function and I'm looking for some feedback: function getType() { var input = arguments[0] ; var types = ["String","Array","Object","Function","HTML"] ; //!! of the top of my head for(var n=0; n < types.length; n++) { if( input.constructor.toString().indexOf( types[n] ) != -1) { document.write( types[n] ) ; } } } Thanks for reading!

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• Can Atom be used for things besides syndication feeds?

  - by greim

  Purely in terms of its conceptual model, is the purpose of Atom (and RSS) only to provide a time-sequential series of frequently-updated items, such as "most recent blog posts" or "last twenty SVN commits," or can Atom be legitimately used to represent static and/or non-time-sequential listings/indices? As an example, "index of files under this directory", "dog breeds" or "music genres". Even if there's a date associated with the items, like a file's last modified date, what if you don't necessarily want time to be the primary consideration when you represent that model to your users? The context for this is passing around (generating and consuming) lists of things in a REST-ful environment, hopefully using a well-understood format, where "date something was created/updated" is a pertinent detail, but not the primary consideration. I realize there's probably no right answer, but wanted to get some perspectives. Thanks.

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• Django: order by count of a ForeignKey field?

  - by AP257

  This is almost certainly a duplicate question, in which case apologies, but I've been searching for around half an hour on SO and can't find the answer here. I'm probably using the wrong search terms, sorry. I have a User model and a Submission model. Each Submission has a ForeignKey field called user_submitted for the User who uploaded it. class Submission(models.Model): uploaded_by = models.ForeignKey('User') class User(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=250 ) My question is pretty simple: how can I get a list of the three users with the most Submissions? I trued creating a num_submissions method on the User model: def num_submissions(self): num_submissions = Submission.objects.filter(uploaded_by=self).count() return num_submissions and then doing: top_users = User.objects.filter(problem_user=False).order_by('num_submissions')[:3] but this fails, as do all the other things I've tried. Can I actually do it using a smart database query? Or should I just do something more hacky in the views file?

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• What is the Software Development Lifecycle?

  - by j-t-s

  Our investor wants a SDLC. I've never written one before, and I don't have enough time to go and buy a book, or spend much time learning about them. From what I've been told about them, they consist of requirements (what needs to be done), and a list is done. Is this correct? Update: I have found this article which really helps to explain things in simple terms and very quickly. Not that I think an SDLC should be done quickly. In my case, I have no other option.

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• "derivative work" and the consumption of web services

  - by yodaj007

  From the Wowhead Terms of Service: "Intellectual Property Rights The Service and any necessary software used in connection with the Service ("Software") contain proprietary and confidential information that is protected by applicable intellectual property and other laws. You agree not to modify, rent, lease, loan, sell, distribute or create derivative works based on the Service or the Software, in whole or in part." Does this mean that I can't write a program to consume a web service being published by the writers of this TOS? I find it kind of scary that I even have to ask this question. The wikipedia article on "derivative works" isn't very conclusive.

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• What would be a good "CMS" for me to use?

  - by Tim Geerts

  Hey, I'm looking for some sort of CMS system to implement here in terms of "documentation" system. Now, I'm not to sure about which system(s) would suit my needs best, so I thought I'd come here and type up my requirements so you could help me in narrowing down all the different options. One important note to make is that I'm not looking at a system where I can store certain documents (word, pdf, whatever). Rather at a system where I can type the "documentation"-text in some sort of post (like a blog). Requirements: - Multilanguage support - Tagging - Decent search support (tags, groupings, categories) - Version-control of posts/articles - Possibility of exporting post(s) to a pdf file - Support for multi-user (usergroup X can only see those posts, usergroup Y can see others, etc...) I know, these are some strange requirements if they're all combined, and I reckon most of you would perhaps say that I'd have to develop something like this inhouse rather then finding a descent working product out there (open source if possible). None the less, I thought I'd at least ask the opinion of y'all. Regards, Tim

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• Database indexes and their Big-O notation

  - by miket2e

  I'm trying to understand the performance of database indexes in terms of Big-O notation. Without knowing much about it, I would guess that: Querying on a primary key or unique index will give you a O(1) lookup time. Querying on a non-unique index will also give a O(1) time, albeit maybe the '1' is slower than for the unique index (?) Querying on a column without an index will give a O(N) lookup time (full table scan). Is this generally correct ? Will querying on a primary key ever give worse performance than O(1) ? My specific concern is for SQLite, but I'd be interested in knowing to what extent this varies between different databases too.

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• What's the best software analogy you've heard?

  - by Mantorok

  Hi Quite frequently I have to explain things to Project Managers who sometimes want to know a little bit more about something, and sometimes I try and come up with some analogy that best explains it. Now, I can't really kick this off with a good analagy because mine usually suck, but I would be interested in yours, or some you've heard that have been used to simplify explanations. One analogy that does come up often is when explaining Interfaces (i.e. .Net) to which I usually explain in terms of a vehicle has a driver interface, and all vehicles must implement that interface so that anyone who can drive a vehicle will be able to utilise it. Any more? Would like to hear some, both serious and humourous. Please close if a duplicate.

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• Characteristics of an Initialization Vector

  - by Jamie Chapman

  I'm by no means a cryptography expert, I have been reading a few questions around Stack Overflow and on Wikipedia but nothing is really 'clear cut' in terms of defining an IV and it's usage. Points I have discovered: An IV is pre-pended to a plaintext message in order to strengthen the encryption The IV is truely random Each message has it's own unique IV Timestamps and cryptographic hashes are sometimes used instead of random values, but these are considered to be insecure as timestamps can be predicted One of the weaknesses of WEP (in 802.11) is the fact that the IV will reset after a specific amount of encryptions, thus repeating the IV I'm sure there are many other points to be made, what have I missed? (or misread!)

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• C: Pointers to any type?

  - by dragme

  I hear that C isn't so type-safe and I think that I could use that as an advantage for my current project. I'm designing an interpreter with the goal for the VM to be extremely fast, much faster than Ruby and Python, for example. Now I know that premature optimization "is the root of all evil" but this is rather a conceptual problem. I have to use some sort of struct to represent all values in my language (from number over string to list and map) Would the following be possible? struct Value { ValueType type; void* value; } I would store the actual values elsewhere, e.g: a separate array for strings and integers, value* would then point to some member in this table. I would always know the type of the value via the type variable, so there wouldn't be any problems with type errors. Now: Is this even possible in terms of syntax and typing?

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• How to create a "dependency graph" for IT assets

  - by p.marino

  One of my customers is trying to create an interactive "matrix" of interdependencies for the various applications used in their company (it's a travel&leisure company with around 2500 employees). The idea (still at the prototype stage) is to create a sort of Map, based on Visio or similar tool, which traces the communication and interdependencies between all the IT assets in the company, so that when someone asks for a change they can get an overview of the impacts. This was mentioned in a casual setting and it will not be my responsability to directly work on this, but I did contribute the little I know already in terms of vaguely related methodologies (Zachman Framework). I'd like to hear from the people in here if they know of methodologies, or tools, that may help this kind of effort, and if they have any specific experience to contribute. I'll digest the answers and send the result back to my customer, hoping this may be of some help with their task (which I consider a bit visionary and prone to all the pitfalls of any documentation project, but still well worth pursuing).

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• Flex: client / server messaging question (RPC or socket ?)

  - by Patrick

  hi, I'm building a Flex application, which is going to perform many server requests (let's say, that almost all interactions require an update from server). At the moment I'm using remote procedure calls for it. But I was wondering if using a socket would be better. In other terms, is maybe better to keep the connection alive rather then performing many calls in sequence ? For my demo app I only have 1 client. Is the number of clients connecting to the server a factor for this choice ? thanks

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• Task vs. process, is there really any difference?

  - by DASKAjA

  Hi there, I'm studying for my final exams in my CS major on the subject distributed systems and operating systems. I'm in the need for a good definition for the terms task, process and threads. So far I'm confident that a process is the representation of running (or suspended, but initiated) program with its own memory, program counter, registers, stack, etc (process control block). Processes can run threads which share memory, so that communication via shared memory is possible in contrast to processes which have to communicate via IPC. But what's the difference between tasks and process. I often read that they're interchangable and that the term task isn't used anymore. Is that really true?

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• Storage for large gridded datasets

  - by nullglob

  I am looking for a good storage format for large, gridded datasets. The application is meteorology, and we would prefer a format that is common within this field (to help exchange data with others). I don't need to deal with special data structures, and there should be a Fortran API. I am currently considering HDF5, GRIB2 and NetCDF4. How do these formats compare in terms of data compression? What are their main limitations? How steep is the learning curve? Are there any other storage formats worth investigating? I have not found a great deal of material outlining the differences and pros/cons of these formats (there is one relevant SO thread, and a presentation comparing GRIB and NetCDF).

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• Why are difference lists more efficient than regular concatenation?

  - by Craig Innes

  I am currently working my way through the Learn you a haskell book online, and have come to a chapter where the author is explaining that some list concatenations can be ineffiecient: For example ((((a ++ b) ++ c) ++ d) ++ e) ++ f Is supposedly inefficient. The solution the author comes up with is to use 'difference lists' defined as newtype DiffList a = DiffList {getDiffList :: [a] -> [a] } instance Monoid (DiffList a) where mempty = DiffList (\xs -> [] ++ xs) (DiffList f) `mappend` (DiffList g) = DiffList (\xs -> f (g xs)) I am struggling to understand why DiffList is more computationally efficient than a simple concatenation in some cases. Could someone explain to me in simple terms why the above example is so inefficient, and in what way the DiffList solves this problem?

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• How to design this simple database?

  - by Vafello

  I have 2 tables - one storing user information (id, username, password) and the second one storing information about events (id, name, description, date, username(represents the user who created the event)). I would like to implement 'favourite events' functionality. This would allow the user to store his favourite events and later display them in a list. I am not sure how to implement this in terms of design. I need a simple solution. Something like storing the IDs of favourite events in a field in the user table. I am using mysql and php. Can anyone point me to the right direction?

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• Count of memory copies in *nix systems between packet at NIC and user application?

  - by Michael_73

  Hi there, This is just a general question relating to some high-performance computing I've been wondering about. A certain low-latency messaging vendor speaks in its supporting documentation about using raw sockets to transfer the data directly from the network device to the user application and in so doing it speaks about reducing the messaging latency even further than it does anyway (in other admittedly carefully thought-out design decisions). My question is therefore to those that grok the networking stacks on Unix or Unix-like systems. How much difference are they likely to be able to realise using this method? Feel free to answer in terms of memory copies, numbers of whales rescued or areas the size of Wales ;) Their messaging is UDP-based, as I understand it, so there's no problem with establishing TCP connections etc. Any other points of interest on this topic would be gratefully thought about! Best wishes, Mike

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• CLI design and implementation?

  - by Majid

  I am developing a time management tool for my personal use. I prefer using keyboard over mouse, and on the interface have a general purpose text box which will act like a command line. I have just started thinking about what commands I need, what to use for the command names, how to pass in switches and parameters, and so forth. I wonder if some of you have come across a good read along these lines; something that describes the choices you have for designing a cli, and how those affect the complexity of the interpreter, and extendability of the commands. It makes no difference if the descriptions are language-specific or in general terms. However, my implementation will be with javascript. Thank you.

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