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• Handling missing/incomplete data in R

  - by doug

  As you would expect from a DSL aimed at data analysts, R handles missing/incomplete data very well, for instance: Many R functions have an 'na.rm' flag that you can set to 'T' to remove the NAs, but if you want to deal with this before the function call, then: to replace each 'NA' w/ 0: ifelse(is.na(vx), 0, vx) to remove each 'NA': vx = vx[!is.na(a)] to remove entire each row that contains 'NA' from a data frame: dfx = dfx[complete.cases(dfx),] All of these functions remove 'NA' or rows with an 'NA' in them. Sometimes this isn't quite what you want though--making an 'NA'-excised copy of the data frame might be necessary for the next step in the workflow but in subsequent steps you often want those rows back (e.g., to calculate a column-wise statistic for a column that has missing rows caused by a prior call to 'complete cases' yet that column has no 'NA' values in it). to be as clear as possible about what i'm looking for: python/numpy has a class, 'masked array', with a 'mask' method, which lets you conceal--but not remove--NAs during a function call. Is there an analogous function in R?

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• The ultimate .NET file and directory utility library?

  - by Serge van den Oever

  I find myself writing file and directory utility functions all the time, and I was wondering if there is good file and directory library that already implements a more extensive set than available by default in System.IO. The kind of functions I'm looking for is things like: public static void GetTemporaryDirectory() { string tempDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName()); Directory.CreateDirectory(tempDirectory); return tempDirectory; } public static void CreateEmptyFile(string filename) { File.Create(filename).Dispose(); } public static void CreateEmptyFile(string path, string filename) { File.Create(Path.Combine(path, filename)).Dispose(); } public static void CreateDirectory(string path) { Directory.CreateDirectory(path); } public static void CreateDirectory(string path, string childpath) { Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(path, childpath)); }

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• Learning to think in the Object Oriented Way

  - by SpikETidE

  Hi Everyone.... I am a programmer trying to learn to code in the object oriented paradigm... I mainly work with PHP and i thought of learning the zend framework... So, felt I need to learn to code in OO PHP.... The problem is, having done code using functions for quite a long time, i just can't get my head to think in the OO way.... Also felt that probably I am not the only one facing this problem since the beginning of time... So, how did you people learn object oriented programming... especially how did you succeed in "unlearning" to code using functions... and learn to see you code as objects...? Is there any good resource books or sites where one could find help...?? Thanks for sharing your knowledge and experiences...

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• (Pathinfo vs fnmatch part 2) Speed benchmark reversed on Windows and Mac

  - by zaf

  On a previous question the pathinfo and fnmatch functions were benchmarked and the answers all came out opposite to my benchmark results. You can read the different results with the benchmark code here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2693428/pathinfo-vs-fnmatch I couldn't work it out until I ran the same code on a machine running vista. The results then matched the other users. My main machine is a mac. So, my questions are: Why do we get these two different results? Could this apply to other functions?

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• Can you unregister a shutdown function?

  - by nickf

  Is it possible in PHP to unregister a function (or all functions) set up with register_shutdown_function()?

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• How to reference an anonymous JavaScript function?

  - by ProfK

  I'm trying to call a Page Method using a jQuery 'attached' event function, in which I like to use the closure to keep the event target local, as below, but page method calls declare several 'error' functions, and I would like to use one function for all of them. If, in the below code, I was handling an error and not success, how could I use my single, anonymous handler for all 3 error functions? $(":button").click(function () { var button = this; PageMethods.DoIt( function (a, b, c) { alert(button); }); }); This example passes an anonymous function for the success callback. There is only one of these. If I was passing an error callback, how could I use 'function (e, c, t)' for all 3 error callbacks?

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• How do I unwrap PLSQL?

  - by R van Rijn

  How do I unwrap PLSQL functions/procedures written in Oracle?

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• Calling a function that has 'Activity' as an argument.

  - by Andrew

  I have stripped down my functions for simplicity: public static int countLines(String fileName, Activity activity) throws IOException { BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(activity.getAssets().open(fileName))); return 3; } I am calling it from here: private CharSequence RandomRead() throws IOException { int numberLines = countLines("data.txt", ??????); return "Success" } In the call to countLines("data.txt", ??????), what do I put as the argument for the Activity? I've Googled all night and I can find no examples of an actual call to a function where Activity is an argument. (Lots of examples actually using 'activity', but no calls to the example functions). Thanks!

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• Making a jQuery plugin work on all objects

  - by Jon Winstanley

  I am using the jQuery physics plugin for a pet project I am working on. The plugin enables the moving of DOM objects in realistic ways using velocity, gravity, wind etc. However I want to use the plugin to calculate where objects are to be placed inside a canvas element, not DOM objects. How do I change the plugin script functions to work on any object with 'top' and 'left' properties rather than only working with DOM objects: Currently the script functions look like this: jQuery.fn.funname = function() { return this; };

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• JavaScript array to PHP array then process in PHP and return

  - by Constructor

  Example: javascript: var mycourses=new Array(); mycourses[0]="History"; mycourses[1]="Math"; mycourses[1][0]="Introduction to math"; mycourses[1][1]="Math 2"; mycourses[1][2]="Math 3"; PHP will then run these values through functions (please note values are mostly not strings as in the example above but rather numbers), the functions will return some text which will than be displayed in a form How should I go about doing this? p.s.: I found some similar stuff, but nothing quite like this... as far as I see I will have to use JSON (is there a way to code it from JS automatically - saw this for strings) and AJAX

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• SQL CLR and nullable datetime parameter

  - by toluca70

  I'm trying to write a SQLCLR function that takes a DateTime2 as input and returns another DateTime2. Based on this post I altered the parameter to be the C# type DateTime giving me the level of precision I require. However because the input can be null I would like it to be DateTime?; the return type as well. using System; using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server; namespace SqlServer.Functions { public class UserDefinedFunctions { [SqlFunction(DataAccess = DataAccessKind.None)] public static DateTime? GetLocalTimeFromGMT(DateTime? dateTime) { if (dateTime.HasValue) return DateTime.SpecifyKind(dateTime.Value, DateTimeKind.Utc).ToLocalTime(); else return (DateTime?)null; } } } The problem is I get the following error when I try to deploy: Error 1 Cannot find the type 'Nullable`1', because it does not exist or you do not have permission. SqlServer.Functions I'm using Sql Server 2008 and Visual Studio 2008.

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• Function Composition in C++

  - by Channel72

  There are a lot of impressive Boost libraries such as Boost.Lambda or Boost.Phoenix which go a long way towards making C++ into a truly functional language. But is there a straightforward way to create a composite function from any 2 or more arbitrary functions or functors? If I have: int f(int x) and int g(int x), I want to do something like f . g which would statically generate a new function object equivalent to f(g(x)). This seems to be possible through various techniques, such as those discussed here. Certainly, you can chain calls to boost::lambda::bind to create a composite functor. But is there anything in Boost which easily allows you to take any 2 or more functions or function objects and combine them to create a single composite functor, similar to how you would do it in a language like Haskell?

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• MVC without ORM is not real MVC?

  - by ajsie

  at the moment im integrating ORM (doctrine) into a MVC framework (codeigniter). then it hit me that this was the obvious way of setting up a MVC: the controller calls the models that are representing database tables. look at this picture: MVC + ORM then i wondered, how can a MVC without ORM be real MVC? cause then the models are not real objects, rather aggregations of different functions that perform CRUD, then returning the result to the controller. and there is no need for a state (object properties) i guess so the functions would be all static? correct me if im wrong on this one. i guess a lot of people are using models without ORM. please share your thoughts. how do your models look like?

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• Converting C source to C++

  - by Barry Kelly

  How would you go about converting a reasonably large (300K), fairly mature C codebase to C++? The kind of C I have in mind is split into files roughly corresponding to modules (i.e. less granular than a typical OO class-based decomposition), using internal linkage in lieu private functions and data, and external linkage for public functions and data. Global variables are used extensively for communication between the modules. There is a very extensive integration test suite available, but no unit (i.e. module) level tests. I have in mind a general strategy: Compile everything in C++'s C subset and get that working. Convert modules into huge classes, so that all the cross-references are scoped by a class name, but leaving all functions and data as static members, and get that working. Convert huge classes into instances with appropriate constructors and initialized cross-references; replace static member accesses with indirect accesses as appropriate; and get that working. Now, approach the project as an ill-factored OO application, and write unit tests where dependencies are tractable, and decompose into separate classes where they are not; the goal here would be to move from one working program to another at each transformation. Obviously, this would be quite a bit of work. Are there any case studies / war stories out there on this kind of translation? Alternative strategies? Other useful advice? Note 1: the program is a compiler, and probably millions of other programs rely on its behaviour not changing, so wholesale rewriting is pretty much not an option. Note 2: the source is nearly 20 years old, and has perhaps 30% code churn (lines modified + added / previous total lines) per year. It is heavily maintained and extended, in other words. Thus, one of the goals would be to increase mantainability. [For the sake of the question, assume that translation into C++ is mandatory, and that leaving it in C is not an option. The point of adding this condition is to weed out the "leave it in C" answers.]

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• Can pydoc/help hide the documentation for inherited class methods and attributes?

  - by EOL

  When declaring a class that inherits from a specific class: class C(dict): added_attribute = 0 the documentation for C lists all the methods of dict (either through help(C) or pydoc). Is there a way to hide the inherited methods from the automatically generated documentation (the documentation string can refer to the base class, for non-overwritten methods)? This would be useful: pydoc lists the functions defined in a module after its classes. Thus, when the classes have a very long documentation, a lot of less than useful information is printed before the new functions provided by the module are presented, which makes the documentation harder to exploit (you have to skip all the documentation for the inherited methods until you reach something specific to the module being documented).

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• How do you set page level, page-SPECIFIC javascript events using a ContentPlaceHolder?

  - by donde

  I previously asked how to include Javascript in my page when I split the page into a MasterPage and ContentPlaceHolder (.NET 2.0 app) The issue was I only wanted the javascript functions on THAT page so I couldn't just put them on the masterpage. Based on the answers, I will inlcude common fucntions through MasterPage and can put the page-specific function right on the content page. However, 1 question remains: Events. I have 2 Javascript functions that I wanted to load when the page loads ala the HTML below. How do you load javascript page events on the specific content page? Or in the case below, the OnKeyPress event? <body onkeypress="javascript:keypressed();" onload="javascript:setDivVisibility();">

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• MySQL: Get only count of result set.

  - by Varun

  I am using MVC with PHP/MySQL. Suppose I am using 10 functions with different queries for fetching details from the database. But at other times I may want to get only the count of the result that will be returned by the query. What is the standard way to handle such situation. Should I write 10 more functions which duplicate almost whole query and return only the count. Or Should I always return the count also with the result set Or I can pass a flag to indicate that the function should return count only, and then based on the flag I will dynamically generate the (select part of) query. Or Is there a better way?

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• iPhone noob - different method types?

  - by codemonkey

  My apologies in advance for what is probably a really dumb question. I'm familiar (or at least getting familiar) with instance and class methods in objective-c, but have also seen method implementations that look like this: #import "Utilities.h" #import "CHAPPAppDelegate.h" #import "AppState.h" @implementation Utilities CHAPPAppDelegate* GetAppDelegate() { return (CHAPPAppDelegate *)[UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate; } AppState* GetAppState() { return [GetAppDelegate() appState]; } @end What are these? While I'm sure this is documented somewhere, I don't know what term to use in searching for an explanation of what's being done here. I like the syntax methods like this let me use when calling them, but I'm not sure exactly what I'm doing, what the implications are, how to send parameters to these types of functions, etc? To clarify how I ended up in this position, I started using these methods in a "utilities" class of mine after reading some online blog describing the author's preference for declaring these functions this way. Now I can't seem to track down a more detailed explanation of what exactly the differences are, etc.

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• Fast parsing of PHP in C#

  - by Jessica Shea

  Hello there, I've got a requirement for parsing PHP files in C#. We essentially require some of the devs in another country to upload PHP files and once uploaded we need to check the php files and get a list of all the methods and classes/functions etc. I thought of using a regex but I can't workout if a function belongs to a class etc, so I was wondering if theres already something 'out there' that will parse out PHP files and spit out its functions (I'm trying to avoid writing a full blow AST implementation). Does anyone have any idea? I looked at Coco/R but I couldn't find a PHP grammar file. I'm using .NET 2.0 and C#.

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• Singletons and other design issues

  - by Ahmed Saleh

  I have worked using different languages like C++/Java and currently AS3. Most applications were computer vision, and small 2D computer games. Most companies that I have worked for, they use Singletons in a language like AS3, to retrieve elements or classes in an easy way. Their problem is basically they needs some variables or to call other functions from other classes. In a language like AS3, there is no private constructor, and they write a hacky code to prevent new instances. In Java and C++ I also faced the situation that I need to use other classe's members or to call their functions in different classes. The question is, is there a better or another design, to let other classes interact with each others without using singletons? I feel that composition is the answer, but I need more detailed solutions or design suggestions.

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• Why prefix sql function names?

  - by AaronLS

  What is a scenario that exemplifies a good reason to use prefixes, such as fn_GetName, on function names in SQL Server? It would seem that it would be unnecessary since usually the context of its usage would make it clear that it's a function. I have not used any other language that has ever needed prefixes on functions, and I can't think of a good scenario that would show why SQL is any different. My only thinking is that perhaps in older IDE's it was useful for grouping functions together when the database objects were all listed together, but modern IDE's already make it clear what is a function.

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• Visual Studio 2008 profiler analysis - missing time

  - by Scott Vercuski

  I ran the Visual Studio 2008 profiler against my ASP.NET application and came up with the following result set. CURRENT FUNCTION TIME (msec) ---------------------------------------------------|-------------- Data.GetItem(params) | 10,158.12 ---------------------------------------------------|-------------- Functions that were called by Data.GetItem(params) TIME (msec) ---------------------------------------------------|-------------- Model.GetSubItem(params) | 0.83 Model.GetSubItem2(params) | 0.77 Model.GetSubItem3(params) | 0.76 etc. The issue I'm facing is that the sum of the Functions called by Data.GetItem(params) do not sum up to the 10,158.12 msec total. This would lead me to believe that the bulk of the time is actually spent executing the code within that method. My question is ... does Visual Studio provide a way to analyze the method itself so I can see which sections of code are taking the longest? if it does not are there any recommended tools to do this? or should I start writing my own timing scripts? Thank you

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• Opinions regarding C++ programming practice

  - by Sagar

  I have a program that I am writing, not too big. Apart from the main function, it has about 15 other functions that called for various tasks at various times. The code works just fine all in one file, and as it is right now. However, I was wondering if anyone had any advice on whether it is smarter/more efficient/better programming to put those functions in a separate file different from where main is, or whether it even matters at all. If yes, why? If no, why not? I am not new at C++, but definitely not an expert either, so if you think this question is stupid, feel free to tell me so. Thanks for your time!

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• Is extending a singleton class wrong?

  - by Anwar Shaikh

  I am creating a logger for an application. I am using a third party logger library. In which logger is implemented as singleton. I extended that logger class because I want to add some more static functions. In these static functions I internally use the instance (which is single) of Logger(which i inherited). I neither creates instance of MyLogger nor re-implemented the getInstance() method of super class. But I am still getting warnings like destructor of MyLogger can not be created as parent class (Loggger) destructor is not accessible. I want to know, I am I doing something wrong? Inheriting the singleton is wrong or should be avoided??

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• Javascript: Passing large objects or strings between function considered a bad practice

  - by Mr. Smee

  Is it considered a bad practice to pass around a large string or object (lets say from an ajax response) between functions? Would it be beneficial in any way save the response in a variable and keep reusing that variable? So in the code it would be something like this: var response; $.post(url, function(resp){ response = resp; }) function doSomething() { // do something with the response here } vs $.post(url, function(resp){ doSomething(resp); }) function doSomething(resp) { // do something with the resp here } Assume resp is a large object or string and it can be passed around between multiple functions.

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