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• How to capture any key in X?

  - by cz-david

  Hi, I am building an application for which I need to periodically get information about users keyboard. It is going to be user idle detection application. I have a fairly simple solution to periodically check if the mouse has been moved. But I can't figure any reasonable non root way to detect if the keyboard has been pressed. I was thinking about registering a hook every timer timeout and on any key press to unregister it. So if there is no key press for a long time then my program will know if the user is idle. Anyway, I couldn't find any global hooks for any key, including modifiers. Is there an easy way to do this? Or would someone have a better way to detect keyboard idleness? Thanks, David Polák

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• Using key().id() on GAE Datastore and reverse geocoding

  - by Ivan Slaughter

  I have 6000 data of district, subdistrict. I need to represent this on dependent dropdown. The datamodel is for example; class Location(db.Model): location_name = db.StringProperty() location_parent = db.IntegerProperty() location_parent is reference to key() or id()? Still cannot decide which one is good. When i use key() as reference then using JSON to create jquery dependent drop down. My page loading/query and rendering time the dropdown is quite slow? Can i use key().id() as drop down option value to lighten up the page load? Any better solution for this parent/child reference for the drop down? For example: for the district record/entities the location-parent is null, for sub district record location_name will contain reference to parent district record. Other issue is to reverse geocoding the location to store or display geoPoint (lat,long)? Is google MAP API always find the exact lat,long of specific region boundaries or any error checking for the result?

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• Bad crypto error in .NET 4.0

  - by Andrey

  Today I moved my web application to .net 4.0 and Forms Auth just stopped working. After several hours of digging into my SqlMembershipProvider (simplified version of built-in SqlMembershipProvider), I found that HMACSHA256 hash is not consistent. This is the encryption method: internal string EncodePassword(string pass, int passwordFormat, string salt) { if (passwordFormat == 0) // MembershipPasswordFormat.Clear return pass; byte[] bIn = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(pass); byte[] bSalt = Convert.FromBase64String(salt); byte[] bAll = new byte[bSalt.Length + bIn.Length]; byte[] bRet = null; Buffer.BlockCopy(bSalt, 0, bAll, 0, bSalt.Length); Buffer.BlockCopy(bIn, 0, bAll, bSalt.Length, bIn.Length); if (passwordFormat == 1) { // MembershipPasswordFormat.Hashed HashAlgorithm s = HashAlgorithm.Create( Membership.HashAlgorithmType ); bRet = s.ComputeHash(bAll); } else { bRet = EncryptPassword( bAll ); } return Convert.ToBase64String(bRet); } Passing the same password and salt twice returns different results!!! It was working perfectly in .NET 3.5 Anyone aware of any breaking changes, or is it a known bug? UPDATE: When I specify SHA512 as hashing algorithm, everything works fine, so I do believe it's a bug in .NET 4.0 crypto Thanks! Andrey

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• Remove registry key during uninstall

  - by zacharyrsnow

  Hello there. I have a simple C# application that allows users to specify that it should be (or should not be) started with Windows; it does so by setting (or deleting) a registry key (namely, ...\Software\Microsoft\CurrentVersion\Run\MyApplicationHere). I am using a VS setup project to create the installer for this program. I don't want the installer to create this key; it should only be created when the user selects the option from within the program. Here is the issue: I would like the uninstaller to delete this key if it exists, preferably without resorting to any sort of hackery; if there is a simple "built-in" solution I would love to hear it. Thanks!

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• RSA example that do not use NoPadding

  - by Tom Brito

  Where can I find a RSA encrypt example that does not use "NoPadding"? --update Better: how to make this code run correctly without throw the "too much data for RSA block" exception? import java.math.BigInteger; import java.security.KeyFactory; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey; import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec; import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec; import javax.crypto.Cipher; /** * Basic RSA example. */ public class TestRSA { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { byte[] input = new byte[100]; Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/None/NoPadding", "BC"); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA", "BC"); // create the keys RSAPublicKeySpec pubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(new BigInteger("d46f473a2d746537de2056ae3092c451", 16), new BigInteger("11", 16)); RSAPrivateKeySpec privKeySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(new BigInteger( "d46f473a2d746537de2056ae3092c451", 16), new BigInteger("57791d5430d593164082036ad8b29fb1", 16)); RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(pubKeySpec); RSAPrivateKey privKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(privKeySpec); // encryption step cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey); byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(input); // decryption step cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privKey); byte[] plainText = cipher.doFinal(cipherText); } }

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• memcache redundancy changes key flag

  - by kobra

  Hi all, I am using memcache in my php application. I am trying to implement redundancy by setting memcache.redundancy = 3 in memcache.ini. When i initially set a key the value of flag is 0 (using telnet). But when I replace the value of the key the flag changes to 768. Do you have any idea why is this happening and how to keep the key flag 0. I am using memcache-3.0.4 on ubuntu and php 5.2.4. Thanks

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• Encrypting an id in an URL in ASP.NET MVC

  - by Chuck Conway

  I'm attempting to encode the encrypted id in the Url. Like this: http://www.calemadr.com/Membership/Welcome/9xCnCLIwzxzBuPEjqJFxC6XJdAZqQsIDqNrRUJoW6229IIeeL4eXl5n1cnYapg+N However, it either doesn't encode correctly and I get slashes '/' in the encryption or I receive and error from IIS: The request filtering module is configured to deny a request that contains a double escape sequence. I've tried different encodings, each fails: HttpUtility.HtmlEncode HttpUtility.UrlEncode HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode HttpUtility.UrlEncodeUnicode Update The problem was I when I encrypted a Guid and converted it to a base64 string it would contain unsafe url characters . Of course when I tried to navigate to a url containing unsafe characters IIS(7.5/ windows 7) would blow up. Url Encoding the base64 encrypted string would raise and error in IIS (The request filtering module is configured to deny a request that contains a double escape sequence.). I'm not sure how it detects double encoded strings but it did. After trying the above methods to encode the base64 encrypted string. I decided to remove the base64 encoding. However this leaves the encrypted text as a byte[]. I tried UrlEncoding the byte[], it's one of the overloads hanging off the httpUtility.Encode method. Again, while it was URL encoded, IIS did not like it and served up a "page not found." After digging around the net I came across a HexEncoding/Decoding class. Applying the Hex Encoding to the encrypted bytes did the trick. The output is url safe. On the other side, I haven't had any problems with decoding and decrypting the hex strings.

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• Key stroke time in Openmoko or any smart phones

  - by Adi

  Dear all, I am doing a project in which I am working on security issues related to smart phones. I want to develop an authentication scheme which is based on biometrics, Every human being have a unique key-hold time,digraph time error rate. Key-Hold Time : Time difference between pressing and releasing a key . Digraph Time : Time difference between releasing one and pressing next one. Error Rate : No of times backspace is pressed. I got these metrics from a paper "Keystroke-based User Identification on Smart Phones" by Saira Zahid1, Muhammad Shahzad1, Syed Ali Khayam1,2, Muddassar Farooq1. I was planning to get the datasets to test my algorithm from openmoko phone, but the phone is mis-behaving and I am finding trouble in generating these time data-sets. If anyone can help me or tell me a good source of data sets for the 3 metrics I defined, it will be a great help. Thanks Aditya

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• If attacker has original data and encrypted data, can they determine the passphrase?

  - by Brad Cupit

  If an attacker has several distinct items (for example: e-mail addresses) and knows the encrypted value of each item, can the attacker more easily determine the secret passphrase used to encrypt those items? Meaning, can they determine the passphrase without resorting to brute force? This question may sound strange, so let me provide a use-case: User signs up to a site with their e-mail address Server sends that e-mail address a confirmation URL (for example: https://my.app.com/confirmEmailAddress/bill%40yahoo.com) Attacker can guess the confirmation URL and therefore can sign up with someone else's e-mail address, and 'confirm' it without ever having to sign in to that person's e-mail account and see the confirmation URL. This is a problem. Instead of sending the e-mail address plain text in the URL, we'll send it encrypted by a secret passphrase. (I know the attacker could still intercept the e-mail sent by the server, since e-mail are plain text, but bear with me here.) If an attacker then signs up with multiple free e-mail accounts and sees multiple URLs, each with the corresponding encrypted e-mail address, could the attacker more easily determine the passphrase used for encryption? Alternative Solution I could instead send a random number or one-way hash of their e-mail address (plus random salt). This eliminates storing the secret passphrase, but it means I need to store that random number/hash in the database. The original approach above does not require storage in the database. I'm leaning towards the the one-way-hash-stored-in-the-db, but I still would like to know the answer: does having multiple unencrypted e-mail addresses and their encrypted counterparts make it easier to determine the passphrase used?

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• Help needed in grokking password hashes and salts

  - by javafueled

  I've read a number of SO questions on this topic, but grokking the applied practice of storing a salted hash of a password eludes me. Let's start with some ground rules: a password, "foobar12" (we are not discussing the strength of the password). a language, Java 1.6 for this discussion a database, postgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle Several options are available to storing the password, but I want to think about one (1): Store the password hashed with random salt in the DB, one column Found on SO and elsewhere is the automatic fail of plaintext, MD5/SHA1, and dual-columns. The latter have pros and cons MD5/SHA1 is simple. MessageDigest in Java provides MD5, SHA1 (through SHA512 in modern implementations, certainly 1.6). Additionally, most RDBMSs listed provide methods for MD5 encryption functions on inserts, updates, etc. The problems become evident once one groks "rainbow tables" and MD5 collisions (and I've grokked these concepts). Dual-column solutions rest on the idea that the salt does not need to be secret (grok it). However, a second column introduces a complexity that might not be a luxury if you have a legacy system with one (1) column for the password and the cost of updating the table and the code could be too high. But it is storing the password hashed with a random salt in single DB column that I need to understand better, with practical application. I like this solution for a couple of reasons: a salt is expected and considers legacy boundaries. Here's where I get lost: if the salt is random and hashed with the password, how can the system ever match the password? I have theory on this, and as I type I might be grokking the concept: Given a random salt of 128 bytes and a password of 8 bytes ('foobar12'), it could be programmatically possible to remove the part of the hash that was the salt, by hashing a random 128 byte salt and getting the substring of the original hash that is the hashed password. Then re hashing to match using the hash algorithm...??? So... any takers on helping. :) Am I close?

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• belongs_to with a custom class_name not producing proper foreign key in Rails 3

  - by Tony

  I am updating an application to Rails 3 and I am having trouble creating a custom foreign key. I have something like this: class Product < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :owner, :class_name => 'User' ... end class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :products ... end class ProductsController < ApplicationController before_filter :authenticate_user! def index @products = current_user.products end end The view: <%- @products.each do |p| -%> <%= p.created_at %><br /> <%- end -%> I get this error in my Rails log: Mysql::Error: Unknown column 'products.user_id' in 'where clause': SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` WHERE (`products`.user_id = 1) It should see the belongs_to :owner and look for a foreign key called owner_id. I even tried explicitly setting the foreign key and that does not work. I also checked lighthouse for a possible Rails 3 bug but no luck.

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• Identifying which value of a multi-row inserts fails foreign key constraint

  - by Jonathan

  I have a multi-row insert that looks something like: insert into table VALUES (1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9); Assume the first attribute (1, 4, 7) is a foreign key to another table and assume that this referenced table does not have the value '4'. A MySQLExeption is thrown with error code 1452. EXCEPTION: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (dbName/tableName, CONSTRAINT id FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES referencedTable (customer_id)) Is there a way to identify which value caused the error? I would love to give my user an error message that said something like: Error: '4' does not exist in the referenced table. I am using the .NET mysql connector to execute the insert. Thanks- Jonathan

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• Getting the primary key back from a SQL insert with SQLLite

  - by Paul Nathan

  Hi, I have a SQL table set that looks like this create table foo ( id int primary key asc, data datatype ); create table bar ( id int primary key asc, fk_foo int, foreign key(foo_int) references foo(id)); Now, I want to insert a record set. insert into table foo (data) values (stuff); But wait - to get Bar all patched up hunkydory I need the PK from Foo. I know this is a solved problem. What's the solution?

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• Password hashing, salt and storage of hashed values

  - by Jonathan Leffler

  Suppose you were at liberty to decide how hashed passwords were to be stored in a DBMS. Are there obvious weaknesses in a scheme like this one? To create the hash value stored in the DBMS, take: A value that is unique to the DBMS server instance as part of the salt, And the username as a second part of the salt, And create the concatenation of the salt with the actual password, And hash the whole string using the SHA-256 algorithm, And store the result in the DBMS. This would mean that anyone wanting to come up with a collision should have to do the work separately for each user name and each DBMS server instance separately. I'd plan to keep the actual hash mechanism somewhat flexible to allow for the use of the new NIST standard hash algorithm (SHA-3) that is still being worked on. The 'value that is unique to the DBMS server instance' need not be secret - though it wouldn't be divulged casually. The intention is to ensure that if someone uses the same password in different DBMS server instances, the recorded hashes would be different. Likewise, the user name would not be secret - just the password proper. Would there be any advantage to having the password first and the user name and 'unique value' second, or any other permutation of the three sources of data? Or what about interleaving the strings? Do I need to add (and record) a random salt value (per password) as well as the information above? (Advantage: the user can re-use a password and still, probably, get a different hash recorded in the database. Disadvantage: the salt has to be recorded. I suspect the advantage considerably outweighs the disadvantage.) There are quite a lot of related SO questions - this list is unlikely to be comprehensive: Encrypting/Hashing plain text passwords in database Secure hash and salt for PHP passwords The necessity of hiding the salt for a hash Clients-side MD5 hash with time salt Simple password encryption Salt generation and Open Source software I think that the answers to these questions support my algorithm (though if you simply use a random salt, then the 'unique value per server' and username components are less important).

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• Google Datastore low-level api query by key property

  - by Keyur

  I'm using the low-level google datastore api and I want to query by the key property and another property (let's call it category). I need to query based on a list of keys for which I'll use the IN operator. I know that the max. number of values you can provide for the IN clause is 30. I have 2 questions: Does the limit of 30 IN values apply to the key property as well? Do I need to create a composite index on {_key_ + category} or just on {category} for this query? Thanks, Keyur

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• Binding key/value pairs loaded from xml

  - by Hichem

  I want to load key/values configuration pairs stored in XML file. To bind a collection of data i know i need to use the ArrayList class, but the problem is that i want to be able to bind the loaded values using their corresponding keys and not by their indexes in the ArrayList object. For example i want to be able to do this : <mx:Text id="errorText" text="{Config.params['someKey']}" /> instead of : <mx:Text id="errorText" text="{Config.params[0]}" /> where Config.params is ArrayList (obviously i couldn't use ArrayList since it doesn't allow selecting a value by key) So the question is how to bind the key/value pairs loaded form XML. I don't want to go manually set variables, i want to bind them so when they are loaded the are set automatically. Did anyone had to do something like that ?

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• Java KeyListener in separate class

  - by Chris

  So I have my main class here, where basically creates a new jframe and adds a world object to it. The world object is basically where all drawing and keylistening would take place... public class Blobs extends JFrame{ public Blobs() { super("Blobs :) - By Chris Tanaka"); setVisible(true); setResizable(false); setSize(1000, 1000); setIgnoreRepaint(true); setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); add(new World()); } public static void main(String[] args) { new Blobs(); } } How exactly would you get key input from the world class? (So far I have my world class extending a jpanel and implementing a keylistener. In the constructor i addKeyListener(this). I also have these methods since they are auto implemented: public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_W) System.out.println("Hi"); } public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {} public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {} However this does not seem to work?

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• authentication question (security code generation logic)

  - by Stick it to THE MAN

  I have a security number generator device, small enough to go on a key-ring, which has a six digit LCD display and a button. After I have entered my account name and password on an online form, I press the button on the security device and enter the security code number which is displayed. I get a different number every time I press the button and the number generator has a serial number on the back which I had to input during the account set-up procedure. I would like to incorporate similar functionality in my website. As far as I understand, these are the main components: Generate a unique N digit aplha-numeric sequence during registration and assign to user (permanently) Allow user to generate an N (or M?) digit aplha-numeric sequence remotely For now, I dont care about the hardware side, I am only interested in knowing how I may choose a suitable algorithm that will allow the user to generate an N (or M?) long aplha-numeric sequence - presumably, using his unique ID as a seed Identify the user from the number generated in step 2 (which decryption method is the most robust to do this?) I have the following questions: Have I identified all the steps required in such an authentication system?, if not please point out what I have missed and why it is important What are the most robust encryption/decryption algorithms I can use for steps 1 through 3 (preferably using 64bits)?

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• getting a key out of a javascript hash

  - by mcintyre321

  I working with the latest draft of the twitter annotations api. An example bit of data looks like status { annotations : [ {myAnnotationType:{myKey:myValue}}, {someoneElsesAnnotationType:{theirKey:theirValue}}, ] } now i want to check a status to see if it has an annotation with myAnnotationType in it. If annotations was a hash instead of an array I could just write var ann = status.annotations.myAnnotationType. But its not so I wrote this instead: function getKeys(obj){ var keys = []; for (key in obj) { if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) { keys[keys.length] = key; } } return keys; } function getAnnotation(status, type){ for(var i=0;i<status.annotations.length;i++){ var keys = getKeys(status.annotations[i]); for(var j=0;j<keys.length;j++){ if(keys[j] == type){ return status.annotations[i]; } } } } var ann = getAnnotation(status, "myAnnotationType"); There must be a better way! Is there? PS I can't use jquery or anything as this is js to be used in a caja widget and the container doesn't support external libs

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• Surrogate key for date dimension?

  - by Navin

  There are 2 school of thoughts : Use surrogate key preferbly in the format of YYYYMMDD as this will always be sequential. Eliminate Date dimension surrogate key and use actual date instead. My Questions to experts on dimension modeling are : 1> Which design would you prefer and why ? 2> How should we handle unknown values in each of the cases, Can we simply place NULL in Fact table for unknown dates as Foreign Key can be NULL (if no why)? 3> If we need to partition fact table on date column ,how would we achieve that in case 1. I am inclined towards using actual date and using NULL to represent UNKNOWN dates in fact table , as date related validation on fact can be done without need to look in to dimension table.

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• PL/SQL bulk collect into associative array with sparse key

  - by Dan

  I want to execute a SQL query inside PL/SQL and populate the results into an associative array, where one of the columns in the SQL becomes the key in the associative array. For example, say I have a table Person with columns PERSON_ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY PERSON_NAME VARCHAR2(50) ...and values like: PERSON_ID | PERSON_NAME ------------------------ 6 | Alice 15 | Bob 1234 | Carol I want to bulk collect this table into a TABLE OF VARCHAR2(50) INDEX BY INTEGER such that the key 6 in this associative array has the value Alice and so on. Can this be done in PL/SQL? If so, how?

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• Can't send key to window with SendMessage

  - by user297313

  I'm writing a C program under Windows that should send an ENTER key to a dialog box to close it automatically. I retrieve the handle to the top level window I'm interested in (by means of EnumDesktopWindows()) and then try to send an ENTER key using SendMessage (note also that closing the window by sending WM_CLOSE works fine). None of the following works: SendMessage( hTargetWindow, WM_CHAR, VK_RETURN, 0 ); SendMessage( hTargetWindow, WM_CHAR, VK_RETURN, 1 ); SendMessage( hTargetWindow, WM_KEYDOWN, VK_RETURN, 1 ); SendMessage( hTargetWindow, WM_KEYUP, VK_RETURN, 1 ); SendMessage( hTargetWindow, WM_KEYDOWN, VK_RETURN, 1 ); SendMessage( hTargetWindow, WM_CHAR, VK_RETURN, 1 ); SendMessage( hTargetWindow, WM_KEYUP, VK_RETURN, 1 ); and so on... As a possibly simpler scenario, I also tried to send an ascii key to, say, notepad. How is this supposed to work? Thanks in advance

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• How Can I Reference Multiple Primary Keys For A Vector Type Primary Key

  - by AndreiC

  Hi, I have the following scenario: a table of projects and a table of persons, working on one or serveral projects. Also, I have a project id column (of type int), in the first table, which is a primary key there and I have a vector of project ids, as a column of type int, in my second table (persons), that references primary keys from the first table. What is the correct syntax for referencing multiple primary keys, from a vector foreign key. This is the way I am trying to create the table, but I am not sure what to place at the indicated line: CREATE TABLE Persons( Person_Id int, ..., ProjectsList int[], FOREIGN KEY (ProjectsList) REFERENCES Projects(Project_id) -- not sure what how to define the link here ); I hope my explanations are not over-complicated. Thank you in advance for helping!

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• Google Maps 'API key' problem

  - by Decbrad

  I finally got this google maps page working however, it seems that everybody except the client can see it? They're saying the following error message appears "This web site needs a different Google Maps API key. A new key can be generated at..." Here's the page: http://www.sportingemporium.com/google-map.htm When I sign-up for a new key Goggle gives me exactly the same one that I am already using! If anyone can shed any light on why I (and colleagues in many different countries) can see the map, but the client can't, it would be greatly appreiciated? Kind regards, Declan Bradley

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• In XAML is there way to bind key press and key release to specific commands?

  - by Ashley Davis

  In my application I have keys that bound to commands using the KeyBinding class. The command is executed when the key is pressed and released. I have a special case where I want to bind separate commands to the pressed action and to the released action. For example when the space key is pressed I want my app to run a command to enter a special mode. Then when the space key is released I want to run another command to exit that special mode. Currently I do this by manually handling the KeyUp and KeyDown events. Is there anyway to execute commands for pressed and released purely in XAML?

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