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  • Problem with writing a hexadecimal string

    - by quilby
    Here is my code /* gcc -c -Wall -g main.c gcc -g -lm -o main main.o */ #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> void stringToHex(const char* string, char* hex) { int i = 0; for(i = 0; i < strlen(string)/2; i++) { printf("s%x", string[2*i]); //for debugging sprintf(&hex[i], "%x", string[2*i]); printf("h%x\n", hex[i]); //for debugging } } void writeHex(char* hex, int length, FILE* file, long position) { fseek(file, position, SEEK_SET); fwrite(hex, sizeof(char), length, file); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { FILE* pic = fopen("hi.bmp", "w+b"); const char* string = "f2"; char hex[strlen(string)/2]; stringToHex(string, hex); writeHex(hex, strlen(string)/2, pic, 0); fclose(pic); return 0; } I want it to save the hexadecimal number 0xf2 to a file (later I will have to write bigger/longer numbers though). The program prints out - s66h36 And when I use hexedit to view the file I see the number '36' in it. Why is my code not working? Thanks!

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  • When to release the model(representedObject) of the corresponding UIViewController.

    - by user313786
    Hi, In AppKit we have "representedObject" available through NSViewController, this representedObject is generally set to ModelController or the model which the NSViewController displays, this works great with bindings as you just set the new representedObject and model details are updated in the view, BUT in case of iPhone (UIKit, with NO Cocoa bindings available), there is no such representedObject in UIViewController so here are few things I am interested in knowing:- What is the best/recommended way of binding the model to the UIViewController?, preferably dont want to maintain lot of IBOutlets and calls setters to updated the changed model data for display in view. How/When should the related model of the UIViewController be released? When is the -[UIViewController dealloc] called, in the typical iPhone application. Am looking for architecting some classes so that the UIViewController coordinates between the view and the model, but at the same time, deallocs the model when ever not necessary. TIA.

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  • Designing a state machine in C++

    - by skyeagle
    I have a little problem that involves modelling a state machine. I have managed to do a little bit of knowledge engineering and 'reverse engineer' a set of primitive deterministic rules that determine state as well as state transitions. I would like to know what the best practises are regarding: How to rigorously test my states and state transitions to make sure that the system cannot end up in an undeetermined state. How to enforce state transition requirements (for example, it should be impossible to go directly from stateFoo to StateFooBar, i.e. to embue each state with 'knowlege' about the states it can transition to. Ideally, I would like to use clean, pattern based design, with templates wherever possible. I do need somewhere to start though and I would be grateful for any pointers (no pun intended), that are sent my way.

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  • Writing temporary data from R

    - by Shane
    I want to write some temporary data to disk in an R package, and I want to be sure that it can run on every OS without assuming the user has admin rights. Is there an existing R function that can provide a path to a temporary directory on all major OS's? Or a way to reference a user's home directory? Otherwise, I was thinking of trying this: Sys.getenv("temp") I presume that I can't expect people to have write access to their R locations, otherwise I could reference a path within the package directory: .find.package("package.name").

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  • writing header in csv python with DictWriter

    - by user248237
    assume I have a csv.DictReader object and I want to write it out as a csv file. How can I do this? I thought of the following: dr = csv.DictReader(open(f), delimiter='\t') # process my dr object # ... # write out object output = csv.DictWriter(open(f2, 'w'), delimiter='\t') for item in dr: output.writerow(item) Is that the best way? More importantly, how can I make it so a header is written out too, in this case the object "dr"s .fieldnames property? thanks.

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  • How to generate a Program template by generating an abstract class

    - by Byron-Lim Timothy Steffan
    i have the following problem. The 1st step is to implement a program, which follows a specific protocol on startup. Therefore, functions as onInit, onConfigRequest, etc. will be necessary. (These are triggered e.g. by incoming message on a TCP Port) My goal is to generate a class for example abstract one, which has abstract functions as onInit(), etc. A programmer should just inherit from this base class and should merely override these abstract functions of the base class. The rest as of the protocol e.g. should be simply handled in the background (using the code of the base class) and should not need to appear in the programmers code. What is the correct design strategy for such tasks? and how do I deal with, that the static main method is not inheritable? What are the key-tags for this problem? (I have problem searching for a solution since I lack clear statements on this problem) Goal is to create some sort of library/class, which - included in ones code - results in executables following the protocol. EDIT (new explanation): Okay let me try to explain more detailled: In this case programs should be clients within a client server architecture. We have a client server connection via TCP/IP. Each program needs to follow a specific protocol upon program start: As soon as my program starts and gets connected to the server it will receive an Init Message (TcpClient), when this happens it should trigger the function onInit(). (Should this be implemented by an event system?) After onInit() a acknowledgement message should be sent to the server. Afterwards there are some other steps as e.g. a config message from the server which triggers an onConfig and so on. Let's concentrate on the onInit function. The idea is, that onInit (and onConfig and so on) should be the only functions the programmer should edit while the overall protocol messaging is hidden for him. Therefore, I thought using an abstract class with the abstract methods onInit(), onConfig() in it should be the right thing. The static Main class I would like to hide, since within it e.g. there will be some part which connects to the tcp port, which reacts on the Init Message and which will call the onInit function. 2 problems here: 1. the static main class cant be inherited, isn it? 2. I cannot call abstract functions from the main class in the abstract master class. Let me give an Pseudo-example for my ideas: public abstract class MasterClass { static void Main(string[] args){ 1. open TCP connection 2. waiting for Init Message from server 3. onInit(); 4. Send Acknowledgement, that Init Routine has ended successfully 5. waiting for Config message from server 6..... } public abstract void onInit(); public abstract void onConfig(); } I hope you get the idea now! The programmer should afterwards inherit from this masterclass and merely need to edit the functions onInit and so on. Is this way possible? How? What else do you recommend for solving this? EDIT: The strategy ideo provided below is a good one! Check out my comment on that.

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  • Displaying an NSString on a Custom View

    - by ilovetacos
    I have an interface that has an NSTextField, NSButton, and an NSView. When I type something in the textfield and press the button, I want the text to be drawn in the NSView. So far I have everything connected and working, except for the view. How can I connect the text and the view so that every time I press the button, the text is drawn to the view?

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  • How to avoid having very large objects with Domain Driven Design

    - by Pablojim
    We are following Domain Driven Design for the implementation of a large website. However by putting the behaviour on the domain objects we are ending up with some very large classes. For example on our WebsiteUser object, we have many many methods - e.g. dealing with passwords, order history, refunds, customer segmentation. All of these methods are directly related to the user. Many of these methods delegate internally to other child object but this still results in some very large classes. I'm keen to avoid exposing lots of child objects e.g. user.getOrderHistory().getLatestOrder(). What other strategies can be used to avoid this problems?

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  • JavaScript Resource Management Design Pattern

    - by Adam
    As a web developer, a common problem I find myself tackling is waiting for something to load before doing something else. In particular, I often hide (using either display: none; or visibility: hidden; depending on the situation) elements while waiting for a background image or a CSS file to load. Consider this example from Last.FM. They overlay a semi-transparant PNG over each album art image so that it looks like it's inside a jewel-case. They let it load when it loads, so depending on your internet speed, you may see the art image by itself (without the overlay) temporarily. In this case, the album art looks fine without the jewel-case effect. But in similar situations, I have found that I don't want the user to see the site's design mangled as resources incrementally load. So, in rare cases I have hidden everything from the user until the whole kit and kaboodle has loaded. But this is often a pain to write out, and may force the user to wait for a pretty long time to see anything (besides "loading..." text). I can think of (and have used on occasion) some obvious solutions/compromises: Use some inline CSS so that as certain parts of the DOM load and render, they will immediately have the correct size/position/etc. Immediately render the navigation part of the site, so that if the user wanted to use the current page purely to get somewhere else, they don't have to wait for the rest to load. Load pixelated images first as placeholders for layout while lazy-loading higher quality images as replacements. Something quirky like using a cute animated gif to distract the user during a "loading..." phase. Show useful information as a reference while loading the full UI. (Something akin to Gmail Inbox Preview, etc.) (Sorry if my question was basically just asked and answered...) Despite all of these ideas, I still find myself hoping there are better ways of doing some of these things. So I guess what I'm looking for is some inspiration and/or any creative ways of dealing with this problem that you guys may have seen out in the wild.

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  • Is there a recommended way to use the Observer pattern in MVP using GWT?

    - by Tomislav Nakic-Alfirevic
    I am thinking about implementing a user interface according to the MVP pattern using GWT, but have doubts about how to proceed. These are (some of) my goals: - the presenter knows nothing about the UI technology (i.e. uses nothing from com.google.*) - the view knows nothing about the model or the presenter - the model knows nothing of the view or the presenter (...obviously) I would place an interface between the view and the presenter and use the Observer pattern to decouple the two: the view generates events and the presenter gets notified. What confuses me is that java.util.Observer and java.util.Observable are not supported in GWT. This suggests that what I'm doing is not the recommended way to do it, as far as GWT is concerned, which leads me to my questions: what is the recommended way to implement MVP using GWT, specifically with the above goals in mind? How would you do it?

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  • Is a "factory" method the right pattern?

    - by jdt141
    Hey all - So I'm working to improve an existing implementation. I have a number of polymorphic classes that are all composed into a higher level container class. The problem I'm dealing with at the moment is that the higher level container class, well, sucks. It looks something like this, which I really don't have a problem with (as the polymorphic classes in the container should be public). My real issue is the constructor... /* * class1 and class 2 derive from the same superclass */ class Container { public: boost::shared_ptr<ComposedClass1> class1; boost::shared_ptr<ComposedClass2> class2; private: ... } /* * Constructor - builds the objects that we need in this container. */ Container::Container(some params) { class1.reset(new ComposedClass1(...)); class2.reset(new ComposedClass2(...)); } What I really need is to make this container class more re-usable. By hard-coding up the member objects and instantiating them, it basically isn't and can only be used once. A factory is one way to build what I need (potentially by supplying a list of objects and their specific types to be created?) Other ways to get around this problem? Seems like someone should have solved it before... Thanks!

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  • Can the Singleton be replaced by Factory?

    - by lostiniceland
    Hello Everyone There are already quite some posts about the Singleton-Pattern around, but I would like to start another one on this topic since I would like to know if the Factory-Pattern would be the right approach to remove this "anti-pattern". In the past I used the singleton quite a lot, also did my fellow collegues since it is so easy to use. For example, the Eclipse IDE or better its workbench-model makes heavy usage of singletons as well. It was due to some posts about E4 (the next big Eclipse version) that made me start to rethink the singleton. The bottom line was that due to this singletons the dependecies in Eclipse 3.x are tightly coupled. Lets assume I want to get rid of all singletons completely and instead use factories. My thoughts were as follows: hide complexity less coupling I have control over how many instances are created (just store the reference I a private field of the factory) mock the factory for testing (with Dependency Injection) when it is behind an interface In some cases the factories can make more than one singleton obsolete (depending on business logic/component composition) Does this make sense? If not, please give good reasons for why you think so. An alternative solution is also appreciated. Thanks Marc

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  • vs10 not deploying all required files - then not over-writing updated files

    - by justSteve
    I'm in the habit of deploying to alternating folders (/inetpub/wwwroot/mySite & /inetpub/wwwroot/mySite2) so if something unexpected happens with the deploy i can quickly swap back to a previous version just by changing the path in IIS So i was deploying an MVC2 webapp to a empty folder figuring that VS would send up all the files it needs. Not even close. Initially, it didn't even upload a couple required nHibernate.dlls. Later, after manually copying files referenced in the thrown exceptions, i just copied all the files from the previous compile and then re-published over the top expecting VS to over-write the changed files. Failed that too. No reports of errors by VS....just failed to over-write a number of pre-existing (but changed/updated) files. Hard to believe these kinds of errors (and lack of feedback that errors were encountered) in a state of the art tool like VS. Clearly, I'm doing something wrong. I'm using VisualSVN for source control and connect to my colocated server via a VPN-based mapped network drive (so I can use FileSystem to publish). (both of which can complicate file properties) VS08 had more choices for which files it would send up - i found i needed to use the 'All files in source' on an initial deployment, the 'Replace Matching'. If I choose 'delete all existing...' I'd be back to square 1 and have to deploy with the 'All files in source project folder'. But VS10 doesn't have the 'All files in source project folder. I ended up manually copying the files - which seems not right in the extreme. Are these known issues others have to deal with? What's best practice for deploying a web-app? thx

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  • What is the best approach to binding commands in a ViewModel to elements in the View?

    - by Micah
    Anyone who has tried to implement RoutedCommands in WPF using M-V-VM has undoubtedly run into issues. Commands (non-UI commands that is) should be implemented in the ViewModel. For instance if I needed to save a CustomerViewModel then I would implement that as a command directly on my CustomerViewModel. However if I wanted to pop up a window to show the users addresses I would implement a ShowCustomerAddress command directly in the view since this a UI specific function. How do I define the command bindings in the viewmodel, and use them in the view?

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  • Sharing a connection string

    - by coure06
    hi, I am developing a class library (C#) that i will use it for my different projects (later). My class library dll will use the connection string /data context of the project which will reference my new dll. How can i do it? Lets say i have a class Library Project named "CLP", and a website project "WP". I can add reference to CLP.dll file but how i will pass a connection string/data context object to that dll? as CLP.dll will access db based on the connection string of the "WP". Not sure my problem is clear or not!

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  • logic of button to be disabled or not in mvc

    - by rod
    Hi All, Here's an excerpt from a book I'm reading about application design with MVC: Ideally, the view is so simple and logic-free as to need virtually no testing. Users (and developers before users) can reasonably test the view by simply looking at the pixels on the screen. Anything else beyond pure graphical rendering should ideally be taken out of the view and placed in the controller and model. This includes, for example, the logic that determines whether a certain button should be enabled or grayed out at some point. what does the bold statement mean to you? what would this look like? thanks, rod.

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  • Is It Incorrect to Make Domain Objects Aware of The Data Access Layer?

    - by Noah Goodrich
    I am currently working on rewriting an application to use Data Mappers that completely abstract the database from the Domain layer. However, I am now wondering which is the better approach to handling relationships between Domain objects: Call the necessary find() method from the related data mapper directly within the domain object Write the relationship logic into the native data mapper (which is what the examples tend to do in PoEAA) and then call the native data mapper function within the domain object. Either it seems to me that in order to preserve the 'Fat Model, Skinny Controller' mantra, the domain objects have to be aware of the data mappers (whether it be their own or that they have access to the other mappers in the system). Additionally it seems that Option 2 unnecessarily complicates the data access layer as it creates table access logic across multiple data mappers instead of confining it to a single data mapper. So, is it incorrect to make the domain objects aware of the related data mappers and to call data mapper functions directly from the domain objects? Update: These are the only two solutions that I can envision to handle the issue of relations between domain objects. Any example showing a better method would be welcome.

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  • Reducing the pain writing integration and system tests

    - by mdma
    I would like to make integration tests and system tests for my applications but producing good integration and system tests have often needed so much effort that I have not bothered. The few times I tried, I wrote custom, application-specific test harnesses, which felt like re-inventing the wheel each time. I wonder if this is the wrong approach. Is there a "standard" approach to integration and full system testing? EDIT: To clarify, it's automated tests, for desktop and web applications. Ideally a complete test suite that exercises the full functionality of the application.

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  • xforms: how to prevent xxforms:default value from over-writing user input

    - by Purni
    I have a dropdown to display status, which can be Enabled(true) or Disabled(false). Here is my xml instance. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <page> <file-name></file-name> <status></status> </page> By default, status should be true. So I have set it in binding as follows. <xforms:bind nodeset="./status" xxforms:default="true()" /> When user chooses Disabled in the dropdown, the status should get saved as false. Here is the xml that gets saved when I save the form. <page> <file-name>StatusDisabled.xml</file-name> <status>false</false> </page> When I open the form in edit mode, this is the xml I get in the XML inspector widget. <page> <file-name>StatusDisabled.xml</file-name> <status>true></status> </page> Status gets set to true because of xxforms:default, even though the xml is saved with a false value for status. How can I fix this? Here is the xhtml: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xforms="http://www.w3.org/2002/xforms" xmlns:xxforms="http://orbeon.org/oxf/xml/xforms"> <head> <title>XForms Default</title> <xforms:model> <xforms:instance id="instance"> <page> <name xmlns=""/> <status xmlns=""/> </page> </xforms:instance> <xforms:instance id="status-instance"> <items> <item label="Enabled" value="true" xmlns=""/> <item label="Disabled" value="false" xmlns=""/> </items> </xforms:instance> <xforms:bind nodeset="instance('instance')"> <xforms:bind nodeset="./status" xxforms:default="true()" /> </xforms:bind> </xforms:model> </head> <body> <p> <xforms:input ref="instance('instance')/name" incremental="true"> <xforms:label>Please enter your name:</xforms:label> </xforms:input> </p> <p> <xforms:select1 ref="instance('instance')/status" appearance="minimal" incremental="true"> <xforms:label>Please select status:</xforms:label> <xforms:itemset nodeset="instance('status-instance')/item"> <xforms:label ref="./@label"/> <xforms:value ref="./@value"/> </xforms:itemset> </xforms:select1> </p> </body> </html>

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  • Ruby: writing a network redirector

    - by Shyam
    Hi, I would like to research protocols such as HTTP. As I am learning Ruby, I would like to write a program that works as a "gateway". I would be connecting to it's port on for example 8080 and the program should forward my request to the real host and send back the answers. The idea of my design is something like this: class EchoProxy def run # run a listening socket on port 8080 myinfiniteloop end def myinfiniteloop # continually run this loop unless the app is terminated puts traffic end end Some pointers in the right direction would be great! Thank you for your comments, answers and feedback!

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  • Messaging pattern question

    - by Al Bundy
    Process A is calculating values for objects a1, a2, a3 etc. and is sending results to the middleware queue (RabbitMQ). Consumers read the queue and process these results further. Periodically process A has to send a snapshot of these values, so consumers could do some other calculations. Values for these objects might change independently. The queue might look like this a1, a1, a2, a1, a2, a2, a3... Consumers process each item in the queue. The snapshot has to contain all objects and consumers will process this message for all objects in one go. So the requirement is to have a queue like this: a1, a1, a3, a2, a2, [snapshot, a1, a2, a3], a3, a1 ... The problem is that these items are of different types: one type for objects like a1, a2 and other for a snapshot. This means that they should be processed in a diferent queues, but in that case there is a race condition: consumers might process objects before processing a snapshot. Is there any pattern to solve this (quite common) problem? We are using RabbitMQ for message queueing.

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  • Writing catch block with cleanup operations in Java ...

    - by kedarmhaswade
    I was not able to find any advise on catch blocks in Java that involve some cleanup operations which themselves could throw exceptions. The classic example is that of stream.close() which we usually call in the finally clause and if that throws an exception, we either ignore it by calling it in a try-catch block or declare it to be rethrown. But in general, how do I handle cases like: public void doIt() throws ApiException { //ApiException is my "higher level" exception try { doLower(); } catch(Exception le) { doCleanup(); //this throws exception too which I can't communicate to caller throw new ApiException(le); } } I could do: catch(Exception le) { try { doCleanup(); } catch(Exception e) { //ignore? //log? } throw new ApiException(le); //I must throw le } But that means I will have to do some log analysis to understand why cleanup failed. If I did: catch(Exception le) { try { doCleanup(); } catch(Exception e) { throw new ApiException(e); } It results in losing the le that got me here in the catch block in the fist place. What are some of the idioms people use here? Declare the lower level exceptions in throws clause? Ignore the exceptions during cleanup operation?

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