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• Why shouldn't I always use nullable types in C#.

  - by Matthew Vines

  I've been searching for some good guidance on this since the concept was introduced in .net 2.0. Why would I ever want to use non-nullable data types in c#? (A better question is why wouldn't I choose nullable types by default, and only use non-nullable types when that explicitly makes sense.) Is there a 'significant' performance hit to choosing a nullable data type over its non-nullable peer? I much prefer to check my values against null instead of Guid.empty, string.empty, DateTime.MinValue,<= 0, etc, and to work with nullable types in general. And the only reason I don't choose nullable types more often is the itchy feeling in the back of my head that makes me feel like it's more than backwards compatibility that forces that extra '?' character to explicitly allow a null value. Is there anybody out there that always (most always) chooses nullable types rather than non-nullable types? Thanks for your time,

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• How to setup matlab for parallel processing on Amazon EC2?

  - by JohnIdol

  I just setup a Extra Large Heavy Computation EC2 instance to throw it at my Genetic Algorithms problem, hoping to speed up things. This instance has 8 Intel Xeon processors (around 2.4Ghz each) and 7 Gigs of RAM. On my machine I have an Intel Core Duo, and matlab is able to work with my two cores just fine. On the EC2 instance though, matlab only is capable of detecting 1 out of 8 processors. Obviously the difference is that I have my 2 cores on a single processor, while the EC2 instance has 8 distinct processors. My question is, how do I get matlab to work with those 8 processors? I found this paper, but it seems related to setting up matlab with multiple EC2 instances, which is not my problem. Any help appreciated!

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• Linq join with COUNT

  - by shivesh

  I have 2 tables, Forums and Posts. I want to retrieve all Forums fields with a new extra field: count all post that belong to this forum. I have this for now: var v =(from forum in Forums join post in Posts on forum.ForumID equals post.Forum.ForumID select new { forum, //Need to retrieve all fields/columns from forum PostCount = //count all post that belong to this forum with a condition: count it only if post.Showit==1 } ).Distinct() The join must be Left join: if there are no post that belongs to some forum, the forums fields should be retrieved but PostCount field should be 0. The result set must be distinct (join gives me the full cross...or how it's called)

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• Does OpenRasta support Mono?

  - by Earlz

  Although Mono support is not a big deal for us, I figured OpenRasta supported it cause it has some commit messages about it.. Well, I tried to build it on Mono and got Ambiguous type references(after manually creating like 10 obj directories.) So I tried just using the prebuilt assemblies I had on hand and that gave me an Object Reference Not Set To Instance of an Object (the usual error I have with mono.. ) at OpenRasta.Diagnostics.DebuggerLoggingTraceListener.WriteAll (using xsp2) Is there official support for Mono or am I missing some sorta extra step for deployment?

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• Visual Studio - How to disable autoformat/correct while running macro?

  - by Sam

  When running a macro that changes the selected text, tags are automatically closed and the text formatted. How can I prevent that from happening? For example, wrapping text in a tag: DTE.ActiveDocument.Selection.Text = String.Format("<tag>{0}</tag>", DTE.ActiveDocument.Selection.Text) Ends up with two closing tags: <tag>Text</tag></tag> Even stranger, multiple lines fails: <li>One</li> <li>Two</li> <li>Three</li> An ends up as <ul> <li>One</li> <li>Two</li> <li>Three</li></li></ul> How can I prevent that? As can be seen by the last example, the formatting is wrong and there is an extra </li>

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• Specifying culture for http request/reponse

  - by Akash

  I have a ReSTful web service which needs to parse culture-sensitive data from the request. This data could either be in an XML body or part of the query string. Is there any acepted way of determining which culture the data is being sent in (and by extension the culture in which the response should be sent)? One option is simply to specify to the clients the culture in which all requests should be sent. A friendlier option seems to be to allow the client to specify the culture. I've considered: a) using the accept-language http header to encode this information. b) using the xml:lang attribute for XML POSTs, and an extra field for query strings (e.g. ...&culture=en-GB) http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-accept-lang-locales warns of limitations in using the accept-language header, but most of the warnings seem to center around requests originating from browsers. In my case the requests will come from other applications. All advice greatly appreciated!

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• Outputting a bar chart to an iPhone application?

  - by Moddy

  Right, I really want to output a Bar Graph to an Obj-C iPhone application - now I may be missing a vital SDK class or something; but right now my solution is to embed a WebView and inside that have a JQuery/Flot based graph - not totally ideal I know! Just wondering if anybody has any other creative solutions or whether a WebView/AJAX solution is the way to go? (For the record; my data source will be figures returned from an external source - i.e downloaded from the internet. So I was even toying with having a PHP Proxy/script do all the work on that, return the figures AND a graph to the application - but then I risk placing extra strain on the server!)

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• Matplotlib subplots_adjust hspace so titles and xlabels don't overlap ?

  - by Denis

  With say 3 rows of subplots in matplotlib, xlabels of one row can overlap the title of the next; one has to fiddle with pl.subplots_adjust( hspace ), annoying. Is there a recipe for hspace that prevents overlaps and works for any nrow ? """ matplotlib xlabels overlap titles ? """ import sys import numpy as np import pylab as pl nrow = 3 hspace = .4 # of plot height, titles and xlabels both fall within this ?? exec "\n".join( sys.argv[1:] ) # nrow= ... y = np.arange(10) pl.subplots_adjust( hspace=hspace ) for jrow in range( 1, nrow+1 ): pl.subplot( nrow, 1, jrow ) pl.plot( y**jrow ) pl.title( 5 * ("title %d " % jrow) ) pl.xlabel( 5 * ("xlabel %d " % jrow) ) pl.show() My versions: matplotlib 0.99.1.1, python 2.6.4, Mac osx 10.4.11, backend: Qt4Agg (TkAgg = Exception in Tkinter callback) (For many extra points, can anyone outline how matplotlib's packer / spacer works, along the lines of chapter 17 "the packer" in the Tcl/Tk book ?)

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• Automatic type conversion in Java?

  - by davr

  Is there a way to do automatic implicit type conversion in Java? For example, say I have two types, 'FooSet' and 'BarSet' which both are representations of a Set. It is easy to convert between the types, such that I have written two utility methods: /** Given a BarSet, returns a FooSet */ public FooSet barTOfoo(BarSet input) { /* ... */ } /** Given a FooSet, returns a BarSet */ public BarSet fooTObar(FooSet input) { /* ... */ } Now say there's a method like this that I want to call: public void doSomething(FooSet data) { /* .. */ } But all I have is a BarSet myBarSet...it means extra typing, like: doSomething(barTOfoo(myBarSet)); Is there a way to tell the compiler that certain types can automatically be cast to other types? I know this is possible in C++ with overloading, but I can't find a way in Java. I want to just be able to type: doSomething(myBarSet); And the compiler knows to automatically call barTOfoo()

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• Any way to remove IEs black border around submit button in active forms?

  - by Magnar

  I am implementing a design that uses custom styled submit-buttons. They are quite simply light grey buttons with a slightly darker outer border: input.button { background: #eee; border: 1px solid #ccc; } This looks just right in Firefox, Safari and Opera. The problem is with Internet Explorer, both 6 and 7. Since the form is the first one on the page, it's counted as the main form - and thus active from the get go. The first submit button in the active form receives a solid black border in IE, to mark it as the main action. If I turn off borders, then the black extra border in IE goes away too. I am looking for a way to keep my normal borders, but remove the outline.

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• Concrete Types or Interfaces for return types?

  - by SDReyes

  Today I came to a fundamental paradox of the object programming style, concrete types or interfaces. Whats the better election for a method's return type: a concrete type or an interface? In most cases, I tend to use concrete types as the return type for methods. because I believe that an concrete type is more flexible for further use and exposes more functionality. The dark side of this: Coupling. The angelic one: A concrete type contains per-se the interface you would going to return initially, and extra functionality. What's your thumb's rule? Is there any programming principle for this? BONUS: This is an example of what I mean http://stackoverflow.com/questions/491375/readonlycollection-or-ienumerable-for-exposing-member-collections

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• SQlite: Column format for unix timestamp; Integer types

  - by SF.

  Original problem: What is the right column format for a unix timestamp? The net is full of confusion: some posts claim SQLite has no unsigned types - either whatsoever, or with exception of the 64bit int type (but there are (counter-)examples that invoke UNSIGNED INTEGER). The data types page mentions it only in a bigint example. It also claims there is a 6-byte integer but doesn't give a name for it. Of course standard INTEGER being 4-byte signed signed stores unix timestamps as negative numbers. I've heard that some systems return 64-bit timestamps too. OTOH I'm not too fond of wasting 4 bytes to store 1 extra bit (top bit of timestamp), and even if I have to pick a bigger data format, I'd rather go for the 6-byte one. I've even seen a post that claims SQLite unix timestamp is of type REAL... Complete problem: Could someone please clarify that mess?

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• asp.net MVC should a View-Model Encapsulate Domain-Model?

  - by Myster

  Hi all I've see a lot of MVC examples where domain-objects are passed directly to views, this will work fine if your view is simple. The common alternative is to have a view-model which has all the same properties as your domain-model + any extra properties your view may need (such as 'confirmPassword'). Before doing too much reading and before discovering AutoMapper I started creating my own variant of view-model where the domain-object (or multiple domain objects) are simply properties of the view-model. Have I done a bad thing? What problems or benefits could be derived from this approach? Under what circumstances might this way of doing things work well?

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• Testing sample code in python modules

  - by Andrew Walker

  I'm in the process of writing a python module that includes some samples. These samples aren't unit-tests, and they are too long and complex to be doctests. I'm interested in best practices for automatically checking that these samples run. My current project layout is pretty standard, except that there is an extra top level makefile that has build, install, unittest, coverage and profile targets, that delegate responsibility to setup.py and nose as required. projectname/ Makefile README setup.py samples/ foo-sample foobar-sample projectname/ __init__.py foo.py bar.py tests/ test-foo.py test-bar.py I've considered adding a sampletest module, or adding nose.tools.istest decorators to the entry-point functions of the samples, but for a small number of samples, these solutions sound a bit ugly. This question is similar to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/301365/automatically-unit-test-example-code, but I assume python best practices will differ from C#

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• Upgrading Visual Studio 2010 RC to RTM

  - by Brant Bobby

  I have the RC build of VS2010 installed on my computer. Now that the RTM build is out, I want to upgrade. Aside from the main Visual Studio package and .NET Framework 4, what else should I remove before I install the RTM build in order to minimize potential breakage/conflicts? VS2010 installs a whole bunch of ancillary packages and I'm not sure which ones have been upgraded between RC and RTM. (Extra credit: I've got another machine that is still running Beta 2. Would the procedure be the same?)

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• Turning off auto indent when pasting text into vim

  - by Rimian

  Unfortunately, I am not an experienced vim user. But, I am making the effort to learn it. When I paste code into my document from the clipboard, I get extra spaces at the start of each new line: line line line I know you can turn off auto indent but mine doesn't seem to work because I have some other settings conflicting or something (which look pretty obvious in my .vimrc but don't seem to matter when I take them out). Can someone please show me the way to turn this off when I paste code but still have vim auto indent when I am writing code? Please see my .vimrc file: set expandtab set tabstop=2 set shiftwidth=2 set autoindent set smartindent set bg=dark set nowrap Many thanks

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• What is the performance hit of enabling sessions on Google App Engine?

  - by Spines

  What is the performance hit of enabling sessions on the Google App Engine? I just turned on <sessions-enabled>true</sessions-enabled> in my Google App Engine app and now my requests are consistently using 100 more ms of CPU time than before I enabled it. It also makes the user wait an additional 100ms for the server to respond on each request. This seems to be quite a significant cost, I'm not even calling getSession or using it in any way yet and it still adds this extra latency. Is there something I can do to speed this up?

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• List of objects to JSON to Html Table?

  - by DaveDev

  If I have a list of objects IEnumerable<MyType> myTypes; Is it possible for me to return this to the client as JSON return Json(myTypes); and if so, is it possible for me to convert this (now JSON format) list to a when it gets to the client? Is there any jQuery plugin to do this? The thing is, there's loads of other stuff I need to send as JSON also, so generating a table with a PartialView and embedding that into the JSON is a extra complexity that I'd like to avoid. Thanks.

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• Removing an Entity from an EntitySet during Iteration...

  - by Gregorius

  I've got this code... seems nice and elegant, but apparently the framework don't like it when i mess with a collection while iterating through it: foreach (KitGroup kg in ProductToTransfer.KitGroups) { // Remove kit groups that have been excluded by the user if (inKitGroupExclusions != null && inKitGroupExclusions.Contains(kg.KitGroupID)) ProductToTransfer.KitGroups.Remove(kg); else { // Loop through the kit items and do other stuff //... } } The error it throws when it iterates to the 2nd object in the collection is: "EntitySet was modified during enumeration" I know i could create a new collection of KitGroup objects (or even just IDs) that i want to remove, and then another loop afterwards to loop through these, and remove them from the collection, but this just seems like unnecessary extra code... can anybody suggest a more elegant way of achieving the same thing? Cheers Greg

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• Locating binding errors

  - by softengine

  I'm dealing with a large WPF application that is outputting a large number of binding errors. A typical error looks like this: System.Windows.Data Error: 4 : Cannot find source for binding with reference 'RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType='System.Windows.Controls.ItemsControl', AncestorLevel='1''. BindingExpression:Path=HorizontalContentAlignment; DataItem=null; target element is 'MenuItem' (Name=''); target property is 'HorizontalContentAlignment' (type 'HorizontalAlignment') Problem is I don't know where in the app this is coming from. Searching the entire solution for AncestorType={x:Type ItemsControl} doesn't necessary help since I still don't know which result is the culprit. I've tried setting PresentationTraceSources.DataBindingSource.Switch.Level = SourceLevels.All; but the extra information doesn't help locate the problematic bindings. File names and line numbers is really what I need. Is there anyway to get this information?

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• error executing aapt, all of the sudden

  - by pjv

  I know there are a lot of these topics around but none seem to help in my case, nor describe it exactly. The best similar one is aapt not found under the right path. My problem is that I can be using Eclipse for a whole evening programming, compiling and using my device, and then suddenly I get "error executing aapt" for my current project and ofcourse R.java isn't (properly) generated anymore. I then restart Eclipse and everything goes away. I'm seeing this once a day on average however. I've recently switched to amd64 and installed the latest Android-2.3 SDK and matching tools. I know that there is now a platform-tools folder that has an aapt version that should work SDK version independently. At first I had added this directory to my PATH, as instructed on the SDK website. I've also tried not adding it to my path and making a link platforms/android-9/tools so that every SDK version might use it's own old copy. Needless to say, platform-tools/aapt is there and has the right permissions, and I have been able to execute it on the command-line at any time. When I do write a faulty xml file or sorts, and appropriately get an error, I see an extra line that says "aapt: /lib32/libz.so.1: no version information available". I'm running a recent Gentoo linux system. I have everything installed to support x86 on amd64, but have re-emerged emul-linux-x86-baselibs and zlib just to be sure. The problem persists. I do see some pages that spell horror over some zlib bugs, but I'm not sure if that's related. I realize I'm not on the reference Ubuntu platform, but surely the difference cannot be that great? It might very well be a bug in aapt or the tools itself. Why would it suddenly stop working? I also experience that the ids in R.java were incorrect, namely that simple findViewById() code would give ClassCastExceptions because of mixed ids the one time, and then work perfectly without any changes bu only a "clean project", in the aftermath of a failing aapt. Finally, I've run a few commands on aapt, that don't seem to add any extra information: #ldd aapt ./aapt: /lib32/libz.so.1: no version information available (required by ./aapt) linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000) librt.so.1 => /lib32/librt.so.1 (0x4f864000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib32/libpthread.so.0 (0x4f849000) libz.so.1 => /lib32/libz.so.1 (0xf7707000) libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.4.4/32/libstdc++.so.6 (0x415e9000) libm.so.6 => /lib32/libm.so.6 (0x4f876000) libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib32/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x4fac6000) libc.so.6 => /lib32/libc.so.6 (0x4f5ed000) /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x4f5ca000) #file aapt aapt: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.15, not stripped Can anybody tell anything wrong with my configuration? Does it smell like a bug perhaps (otherwise let's report it (again))? Update 2010-01-06: I've gained some more knowledge. When I recently was trying to export a signed apk, I ran into another error message (full details from the Eclipse error view) regarding aapt I hadn't seen before. Note here too, that I can just restart Eclipse and can export apks again without problems, at least for a little while. I'm starting to think it is related to lack of memory on my system. The message "onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar" means "insufficient memory available". I have also been seeing insufficient memory errors in DDMS when I'm dumping HPROF files. Here is the error log (shortened): !ENTRY com.android.ide.eclipse.adt 4 0 2011-01-05 23:11:16.097 !MESSAGE Export Wizard Error !STACK 1 org.eclipse.core.runtime.CoreException: Failed to export application at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.project.ExportHelper.exportReleaseApk(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.wizards.export.ExportWizard.doExport(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.wizards.export.ExportWizard.access$0(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.wizards.export.ExportWizard$1.run(Unknown Source) at org.eclipse.jface.operation.ModalContext$ModalContextThread.run(ModalContext.java:121) Caused by: com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.build.AaptExecException: Error executing aapt. Please check aapt is present at /opt/android-sdk/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.6_r1/platform-tools/aapt at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.build.BuildHelper.executeAapt(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.build.BuildHelper.packageResources(Unknown Source) ... 5 more Caused by: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "/opt/android-sdk/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.6_r1/platform-tools/aapt": java.io.IOException: error=12, Onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar ... Caused by: java.io.IOException: java.io.IOException: error=12, Onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar ... !SUBENTRY 1 com.android.ide.eclipse.adt 4 0 2011-01-05 23:11:16.098 !MESSAGE Failed to export application !STACK 0 com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.build.AaptExecException: Error executing aapt. Please check aapt is present at /opt/android-sdk/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.6_r1/platform-tools/aapt at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.build.BuildHelper.executeAapt(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.build.BuildHelper.packageResources(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.project.ExportHelper.exportReleaseApk(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.wizards.export.ExportWizard.doExport(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.wizards.export.ExportWizard.access$0(Unknown Source) at com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.internal.wizards.export.ExportWizard$1.run(Unknown Source) at org.eclipse.jface.operation.ModalContext$ModalContextThread.run(ModalContext.java:121) Caused by: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "/opt/android-sdk/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.6_r1/platform-tools/aapt": java.io.IOException: error=12, Onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar ... Caused by: java.io.IOException: java.io.IOException: error=12, Onvoldoende geheugen beschikbaar

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• Establish draggable content constraints depending on position

  - by drukelly

  Asking all jQuery experts! How would I go about setting up constraints for a draggable element depending on its positioning? I have a basic example here. I thought it would be as simple as adding an option, containment. Ideally, I want it to drag within the following box: top: 0px left: 0px top: -263px left: -272px top: 0px left: -272px top: -263px left: 0px Is there a way to drag the element within the parameters above so you don't the extra white space? I appreciate the help!

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• How do I reduce the height of a TableView when it is constructed in IB?

  - by erotsppa

  I wanted to add a view to the bottom of my screen. The controller is a UITableViewController, how do I shrink the tableView and add a extra view at the bottom of the tableview? I've tried setting the frame of self.tableView in different places (viewDidLoad, viewWillAppear etc) but nothing happens. The tableView is created by IB and not programtically. I've tried added a footer to my table view but that's not what I want, because the footer actually scrolls up, I want a static non moving View at the bottom of the screen.

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• Adding text over existing PDFs using reportlab

  - by Shane

  I'm interested in filling out existing PDF forms programatically. All I really need to do is pull information from user input and then place the appropriate text over an existing PDF in the appropriate locations. I can already do this with reportlab by feeding the same sheet of paper into a printer, twice, but this just really rubs me the wrong way. I'm tempted to just personally reverse engineer each existing PDF and draw every line and character myself before adding the user-inputted text, but I wanted to check to see if there was an easy way to take an existing PDF and set it as a background for some extra text. I'd really prefer to use python as it's the only language I feel comfortable with. I also realize that I could just scan the document itself and use the resulting raster image as a background, but I would prefer the precision of vector graphics. It seems like ReportLab has a commercial product with this functionality, and the specific function I'm looking for is in it (copyPages) - but it seems like overkill to pay for a 4 figure product for a single, simple function for a nonprofit use.

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• Keyboard for programmers

  - by Robert Höglund

  I'm trying to improve my working environment and I'm still searching for that perfect keyboard that practically types bug-free code all by itself. At the moment I'm using a Logitech Wave for my Windows need and an Apple Wireless Keyboard (the one without a numeric keypad) when doing OS X stuff. I'm quite happy with the Logitech Wave but I would prefer one without all the extra multimedia buttons. What I like most about the Apple Wireless Keyboard is that it is very similar to the Macbook's keyboard which for me makes it easier to write code when on my Macbook. What kind of keyboard would you recommend for going all out writing code until your fingers bleed? I have remapped the Caps Lock key to Ctrl which after a while feels really good, until I have to sit at another computer or when someone at work is going to show me something on my computer. Are there other little keyboard tricks that you use to get a little bit more productive? I have looked into switching to Dvorak but I have decided it's not for me.

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