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  • @OneToMany association joining on the wrong field

    - by april26
    I have 2 tables, devices which contains a list of devices and dev_tags, which contains a list of asset tags for these devices. The tables join on dev_serial_num, which is the primary key of neither table. The devices are unique on their ip_address field and they have a primary key identified by dev_id. The devices "age out" after 2 weeks. Therefore, the same piece of hardware can show up more than once in devices. I mention that to explain why there is a OneToMany relationship between dev_tags and devices where it seems that this should be a OneToOne relationship. So I have my 2 entities @Entity @Table(name = "dev_tags") public class DevTags implements Serializable { private Integer tagId; private String devTagId; private String devSerialNum; private List<Devices> devices; @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "tag_id") public Integer getTagId() { return tagId; } public void setTagId(Integer tagId) { this.tagId = tagId; } @Column(name="dev_tag_id") public String getDevTagId() { return devTagId; } public void setDevTagId(String devTagId) { this.devTagId = devTagId; } @Column(name="dev_serial_num") public String getDevSerialNum() { return devSerialNum; } public void setDevSerialNum(String devSerialNum) { this.devSerialNum = devSerialNum; } @OneToMany(mappedBy="devSerialNum") public List<Devices> getDevices() { return devices; } public void setDevices(List<Devices> devices) { this.devices = devices; } } and this one public class Devices implements java.io.Serializable { private Integer devId; private Integer officeId; private String devSerialNum; private String devPlatform; private String devName; private OfficeView officeView; private DevTags devTag; public Devices() { } @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = IDENTITY) @Column(name = "dev_id", unique = true, nullable = false) public Integer getDevId() { return this.devId; } public void setDevId(Integer devId) { this.devId = devId; } @Column(name = "office_id", nullable = false, insertable=false, updatable=false) public Integer getOfficeId() { return this.officeId; } public void setOfficeId(Integer officeId) { this.officeId = officeId; } @Column(name = "dev_serial_num", nullable = false, length = 64, insertable=false, updatable=false) @NotNull @Length(max = 64) public String getDevSerialNum() { return this.devSerialNum; } public void setDevSerialNum(String devSerialNum) { this.devSerialNum = devSerialNum; } @Column(name = "dev_platform", nullable = false, length = 64) @NotNull @Length(max = 64) public String getDevPlatform() { return this.devPlatform; } public void setDevPlatform(String devPlatform) { this.devPlatform = devPlatform; } @Column(name = "dev_name") public String getDevName() { return devName; } public void setDevName(String devName) { this.devName = devName; } @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "office_id") public OfficeView getOfficeView() { return officeView; } public void setOfficeView(OfficeView officeView) { this.officeView = officeView; } @ManyToOne() @JoinColumn(name="dev_serial_num") public DevTags getDevTag() { return devTag; } public void setDevTag(DevTags devTag) { this.devTag = devTag; } } I messed around a lot with @JoinColumn(name=) and the mappedBy attribute of @OneToMany and I just cannot get this right. I finally got the darn thing to compile, but the query is still trying to join devices.dev_serial_num to dev_tags.tag_id, the @Id for this entity. Here is the transcript from the console: 13:12:16,970 INFO [STDOUT] Hibernate: select devices0_.office_id as office5_2_, devices0_.dev_id as dev1_2_, devices0_.dev_id as dev1_156_1_, devices0_.dev_name as dev2_156_1_, devices0_.dev_platform as dev3_156_1_, devices0_.dev_serial_num as dev4_156_1_, devices0_.office_id as office5_156_1_, devtags1_.tag_id as tag1_157_0_, devtags1_.comment as comment157_0_, devtags1_.dev_serial_num as dev3_157_0_, devtags1_.dev_tag_id as dev4_157_0_ from ond.devices devices0_ left outer join ond.dev_tags devtags1_ on devices0_.dev_serial_num=devtags1_.tag_id where devices0_.office_id=? 13:12:16,970 INFO [IntegerType] could not read column value from result set: dev4_156_1_; Invalid value for getInt() - 'FDO1129Y2U4' 13:12:16,970 WARN [JDBCExceptionReporter] SQL Error: 0, SQLState: S1009 13:12:16,970 ERROR [JDBCExceptionReporter] Invalid value for getInt() - 'FDO1129Y2U4' That value for getInt() 'FD01129Y2U4' is a serial number, definitely not an Int! What am I missing/misunderstanding here? Can I join 2 tables on any fields I want or does at least one have to be a primary key?

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  • COM port read - Thread remains alive after timeout occurs

    - by Sna
    Hello to all. I have a dll which includes a function called ReadPort that reads data from serial COM port, written in c/c++. This function is called within an extra thread from another WINAPI function using the _beginthreadex. When COM port has data to be read, the worker thread returns the data, ends normaly, the calling thread closes the worker's thread handle and the dll works fine. However, if ReadPort is called without data pending on the COM port, when timeout occurs then WaitForSingleObject returns WAIT_TIMEOUT but the worker thread never ends. As a result, virtual memory grows at about 1 MB every time, physical memory grows some KBs and the application that calls the dll becomes unstable. I also tryied to use TerminateThread() but i got the same results. I have to admit that although i have enough developing experience, i am not familiar with c/c++. I did a lot of research before posting but unfortunately i didn't manage to solve my problem. Does anyone have a clue on how could i solve this problem? However, I really want to stick to this kind of solution. Also, i want to mention that i think i can't use any global variables to use some kind of extra events, because each dll's functions may be called many times for every COM port. I post some parts of my code below: The Worker Thread: unsigned int __stdcall ReadPort(void* readstr){ DWORD dwError; int rres;DWORD dwCommModemStatus, dwBytesTransferred; int ret; char szBuff[64] = ""; ReadParams* params = (ReadParams*)readstr; ret = SetCommMask(params->param2, EV_RXCHAR | EV_CTS | EV_DSR | EV_RLSD | EV_RING); if (ret == 0) { _endthreadex(0); return -1; } ret = WaitCommEvent(params->param2, &dwCommModemStatus, 0); if (ret == 0) { _endthreadex(0); return -2; } ret = SetCommMask(params->param2, EV_RXCHAR | EV_CTS | EV_DSR | EV_RLSD| EV_RING); if (ret == 0) { _endthreadex(0); return -3; } if (dwCommModemStatus & EV_RXCHAR||dwCommModemStatus & EV_RLSD) { rres = ReadFile(params->param2, szBuff, 64, &dwBytesTransferred,NULL); if (rres == 0) { switch (dwError = GetLastError()) { case ERROR_HANDLE_EOF: _endthreadex(0); return -4; } _endthreadex(0); return -5; } else { strcpy(params->param1,szBuff); _endthreadex(0); return 0; } } else { _endthreadex(0); return 0; } _endthreadex(0); return 0;} The Calling Thread: int WINAPI StartReadThread(HANDLE porthandle, HWND windowhandle){ HANDLE hThread; unsigned threadID; ReadParams readstr; DWORD ret, ret2; readstr.param2 = porthandle; hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0, ReadPort, &readstr, 0, &threadID ); ret = WaitForSingleObject(hThread, 500); if (ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0) { CloseHandle(hThread); if (readstr.param1 != NULL) // Send message to GUI return 0; } else if (ret == WAIT_TIMEOUT) { ret2 = CloseHandle(hThread); return -1; } else { ret2 = CloseHandle(hThread); if (ret2 == 0) return -2; }} Thank you in advance, Sna.

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  • How and where to implement basic authentication in Kibana 3

    - by Jabb
    I have put my elasticsearch server behind a Apache reverse proxy that provides basic authentication. Authenticating to Apache directly from the browser works fine. However, when I use Kibana 3 to access the server, I receive authentication errors. Obviously because no auth headers are sent along with Kibana's Ajax calls. I added the below to elastic-angular-client.js in the Kibana vendor directory to implement authentication quick and dirty. But for some reason it does not work. $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic ' + Base64Encode('user:Password'); What is the best approach and place to implement basic authentication in Kibana? /*! elastic.js - v1.1.1 - 2013-05-24 * https://github.com/fullscale/elastic.js * Copyright (c) 2013 FullScale Labs, LLC; Licensed MIT */ /*jshint browser:true */ /*global angular:true */ 'use strict'; /* Angular.js service wrapping the elastic.js API. This module can simply be injected into your angular controllers. */ angular.module('elasticjs.service', []) .factory('ejsResource', ['$http', function ($http) { return function (config) { var // use existing ejs object if it exists ejs = window.ejs || {}, /* results are returned as a promise */ promiseThen = function (httpPromise, successcb, errorcb) { return httpPromise.then(function (response) { (successcb || angular.noop)(response.data); return response.data; }, function (response) { (errorcb || angular.noop)(response.data); return response.data; }); }; // check if we have a config object // if not, we have the server url so // we convert it to a config object if (config !== Object(config)) { config = {server: config}; } // set url to empty string if it was not specified if (config.server == null) { config.server = ''; } /* implement the elastic.js client interface for angular */ ejs.client = { server: function (s) { if (s == null) { return config.server; } config.server = s; return this; }, post: function (path, data, successcb, errorcb) { $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic ' + Base64Encode('user:Password'); console.log($http.defaults.headers); path = config.server + path; var reqConfig = {url: path, data: data, method: 'POST'}; return promiseThen($http(angular.extend(reqConfig, config)), successcb, errorcb); }, get: function (path, data, successcb, errorcb) { $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic ' + Base64Encode('user:Password'); path = config.server + path; // no body on get request, data will be request params var reqConfig = {url: path, params: data, method: 'GET'}; return promiseThen($http(angular.extend(reqConfig, config)), successcb, errorcb); }, put: function (path, data, successcb, errorcb) { $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic ' + Base64Encode('user:Password'); path = config.server + path; var reqConfig = {url: path, data: data, method: 'PUT'}; return promiseThen($http(angular.extend(reqConfig, config)), successcb, errorcb); }, del: function (path, data, successcb, errorcb) { $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic ' + Base64Encode('user:Password'); path = config.server + path; var reqConfig = {url: path, data: data, method: 'DELETE'}; return promiseThen($http(angular.extend(reqConfig, config)), successcb, errorcb); }, head: function (path, data, successcb, errorcb) { $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic ' + Base64Encode('user:Password'); path = config.server + path; // no body on HEAD request, data will be request params var reqConfig = {url: path, params: data, method: 'HEAD'}; return $http(angular.extend(reqConfig, config)) .then(function (response) { (successcb || angular.noop)(response.headers()); return response.headers(); }, function (response) { (errorcb || angular.noop)(undefined); return undefined; }); } }; return ejs; }; }]); UPDATE 1: I implemented Matts suggestion. However, the server returns a weird response. It seems that the authorization header is not working. Could it have to do with the fact, that I am running Kibana on port 81 and elasticsearch on 8181? OPTIONS /solar_vendor/_search HTTP/1.1 Host: 46.252.46.173:8181 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: de-de,de;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Origin: http://46.252.46.173:81 Access-Control-Request-Method: POST Access-Control-Request-Headers: authorization,content-type Connection: keep-alive Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-cache This is the response HTTP/1.1 401 Authorization Required Date: Fri, 08 Nov 2013 23:47:02 GMT WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Username/Password" Vary: Accept-Encoding Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Length: 346 Connection: close Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 UPDATE 2: Updated all instances with the modified headers in these Kibana files root@localhost:/var/www/kibana# grep -r 'ejsResource(' . ./src/app/controllers/dash.js: $scope.ejs = ejsResource({server: config.elasticsearch, headers: {'Access-Control-Request-Headers': 'Accept, Origin, Authorization', 'Authorization': 'Basic XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX=='}}); ./src/app/services/querySrv.js: var ejs = ejsResource({server: config.elasticsearch, headers: {'Access-Control-Request-Headers': 'Accept, Origin, Authorization', 'Authorization': 'Basic XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX=='}}); ./src/app/services/filterSrv.js: var ejs = ejsResource({server: config.elasticsearch, headers: {'Access-Control-Request-Headers': 'Accept, Origin, Authorization', 'Authorization': 'Basic XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX=='}}); ./src/app/services/dashboard.js: var ejs = ejsResource({server: config.elasticsearch, headers: {'Access-Control-Request-Headers': 'Accept, Origin, Authorization', 'Authorization': 'Basic XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX=='}}); And modified my vhost conf for the reverse proxy like this <VirtualHost *:8181> ProxyRequests Off ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:9200/ ProxyPassReverse / https://127.0.0.1:9200/ <Location /> Order deny,allow Allow from all AuthType Basic AuthName “Username/Password” AuthUserFile /var/www/cake2.2.4/.htpasswd Require valid-user Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Methods "GET, POST, DELETE, OPTIONS, PUT" Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Headers "Content-Type, X-Requested-With, X-HTTP-Method-Override, Origin, Accept, Authorization" Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Credentials "true" Header always set Cache-Control "max-age=0" Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Origin * </Location> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log </VirtualHost> Apache sends back the new response headers but the request header still seems to be wrong somewhere. Authentication just doesn't work. Request Headers OPTIONS /solar_vendor/_search HTTP/1.1 Host: 46.252.26.173:8181 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: de-de,de;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Origin: http://46.252.26.173:81 Access-Control-Request-Method: POST Access-Control-Request-Headers: authorization,content-type Connection: keep-alive Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-cache Response Headers HTTP/1.1 401 Authorization Required Date: Sat, 09 Nov 2013 08:48:48 GMT Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, POST, DELETE, OPTIONS, PUT Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type, X-Requested-With, X-HTTP-Method-Override, Origin, Accept, Authorization Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true Cache-Control: max-age=0 Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Username/Password" Vary: Accept-Encoding Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Length: 346 Connection: close Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 SOLUTION: After doing some more research, I found out that this is definitely a configuration issue with regard to CORS. There are quite a few posts available regarding that topic but it appears that in order to solve my problem, it would be necessary to to make some very granular configurations on apache and also make sure that the right stuff is sent from the browser. So I reconsidered the strategy and found a much simpler solution. Just modify the vhost reverse proxy config to move the elastisearch server AND kibana on the same http port. This also adds even better security to Kibana. This is what I did: <VirtualHost *:8181> ProxyRequests Off ProxyPass /bigdatadesk/ http://127.0.0.1:81/bigdatadesk/src/ ProxyPassReverse /bigdatadesk/ http://127.0.0.1:81/bigdatadesk/src/ ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:9200/ ProxyPassReverse / https://127.0.0.1:9200/ <Location /> Order deny,allow Allow from all AuthType Basic AuthName “Username/Password” AuthUserFile /var/www/.htpasswd Require valid-user </Location> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log </VirtualHost>

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  • XMLPULLPARSEREXCEPTION...in KSOAP2

    - by aka47
    iam using KSOAP2 for web services. my client is BlackBerry Phone and Server is KeyRingLabs.com. i am using php page for connection...i have taken this code form a Forum.and modified it according to my requirements...but I am having XMLPULLPARSER EXCEPTION...can any body help??? here is my code.... import net.rim.device.api.ui.; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.; import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.; import net.rim.device.api.system.; import java.util.; import org.ksoap2.; import org.ksoap2.serialization.; import org.ksoap2.transport.; import java.io.IOException; import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.SoapFault; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransport; import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException; final class StockQuoteDemo extends UiApplication { public static void main (String[] args) { StockQuoteDemo theApp = new StockQuoteDemo (); theApp.enterEventDispatcher (); } public StockQuoteDemo () { pushScreen (new StockQuoteScreen ()); //doSOAP(); } final class StockQuoteScreen extends MainScreen { public static final String action = "http://keyringlabs.com/Login"; public static final String namespaceRoot = "bbpointofsale.com"; //public static final String webroot = "http://192.168.1.2/bbpointofsale.com/"; public static final String webroot = "http://192.168.0.35/"; //public static final String webroot = "http://www.bbpointofsale.com"; public String errorMessage; public String key; public String transactionID; private HttpTransport transport; private SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope; public StockQuoteScreen () { //transport = new HttpTransport(webroot + "bb/service/index.php"); transport = new HttpTransport(webroot+"Disk/rashid11/index4.php"); transport.debug = true; envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER12); key = null; envelope.encodingStyle = SoapSerializationEnvelope.XSD1999; ProcessLogin("[email protected]","123456"); //Dialog.alert("GEN 1"); //Dialog.alert("Warr Gai Vai!!!"); } public boolean onClose () { Dialog.alert ("Goodbye!"); System.exit (0); return true; } public boolean ProcessLogin(String email, String password) { System.err.println("Starting The Process"); errorMessage = ""; String namespace = "urn:" + namespaceRoot + ":login"; //System.err.println("LINK:"+namespace); // SoapObject message = new SoapObject(namespace, "login"); SoapObject message = new SoapObject(namespaceRoot, "login"); message.addProperty("email", email); message.addProperty("password", password); envelope.bodyOut = message; // System.err.println("KSOAP:"+ envelope.toString()); //String soapAction = namespace + "#login"; String soapAction = "http://bbpointofsale.com/login"; // System.err.println("Action : "+soapAction); try { //transport.setXmlVersionTag(""); transport.call(soapAction, envelope); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("error: "+e.getMessage()); errorMessage = e.getMessage(); System.out.println("response1: "+transport.responseDump); return false; } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { e.printStackTrace(); errorMessage = e.getMessage(); System.out.println("request2: "+transport.requestDump); System.out.println("response2: "+transport.responseDump); return false; } try { SoapObject result = (SoapObject) ((SoapObject)envelope.getResponse()).getProperty(0); key = hackToGetResponse("serviceToken", result.toString()); if (key.length() > 0) { System.out.println("KEY:" + key); return true; } else { } } catch (SoapFault e) { errorMessage = e.getMessage(); System.out.println("response3: "+transport.responseDump); return false; } catch (Exception e) { errorMessage = e.getMessage(); System.err.println("response4: "+transport.responseDump); return false; } return false; } public String hackToGetResponse(String key, String response) { System.out.println("hackToGetResponse:" + response); String start = "anyType{key=" + key + "; value="; String end = "; }"; if (response.indexOf(start) == -1 || response.indexOf(end) == -1) return ""; System.out.println("hackToGetResponse:" + "response.substring(0, " + response.indexOf(start) + ").substring(0, " + response.indexOf(end) + ");"); response = response.substring(response.indexOf(start) + start.length()); response = response.substring(0, response.indexOf(end)); if (response.indexOf("anyType{}") != -1) return ""; return response; } } } //******************PHP FILE************************ $server = new SoapServer(null, array('uri' = "urn:keyringlabs.com")); //$server = new SoapServer(null, array('uri' = "urn: bbpointofsale.com")); $server-addFunction("login"); //$email='[email protected]'; //$pass='123456'; function login($email, $pass) { if (strlen($email) == 0) { return Array('serviceToken' => ''); } elseif (strlen($pass) == 0) { return Array('serviceToken' => ''); } else { $objMerchant = Merchant::LoadByEmailPassword($email, $pass); if ($objMerchant == null || $objMerchant->Id &lt==1) { return Array('serviceToken' => ''); } else { $key = uniqid(); $objSess = new Merchantsessions(); $objSess->MerchantID = $objMerchant->Id; $objSess->ServiceToken = $key; $objSess->Save(); } } $result = Array('serviceToken' => $key); //print $result; return $result; } ? ///**************************************** is there any need of an XML page or something..to run it perfectly...please help thank you for your time!

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  • PHP session not working with JQuery Ajax?

    - by Bolt_Head
    Update, Solved: After all this I found out that I was calling an old version of my code in the update ajax. 'boardControl.php' instead of 'boardUpdate.php' These are the kinds of mistakes that make programing fun. I'm writing a browser gomoku game. I have the ajax statement that allows the player to play a piece. $(document).ready(function() { $("td").live('click',function(){ var value = $(this).attr('id'); $.get('includes/boardControl.php',{play: value, bid: bid}); }); }); value = board square location bid = board ID Before creating a user login for player identification, the server side php had a temporary solution. It would rotate the piece state for the squares when clicked instead of knowing what player to create them for. After creating login stuff I set a session variable for the player's ID. I was hoping to read the session ID from the php during the ajax request and figure out what player they are from there. session_start(); ... $playerId = $_SESSION['char']; $Query=("SELECT p1, p2 FROM board WHERE bid=$bid"); $Result=mysql_query($Query); $p1 = mysql_result($Result,0,"p1"); $p2 = mysql_result($Result,0,"p2"); $newPiece = 0; //*default no player if($playerId == $p1) $newPiece = 1; if($playerId == $p2) $newPiece = 2; For some reason when I run the full web app, the pieces still cycle though, even after I deleted the code to make them cycle. Furthermore, after logging in If i manually load the php page in the browser, it modifies the database correctly (where it only plays pieces belonging to that player) and outputs the correct results. It seems to me that the session is not being carried over when used with Ajax. Yet Google searches tell me that, sessions do work with Ajax. Update: I'm trying to provide more information. Logging in works correctly. My ID is recognized and I printed it out next to the board to ensure that I was retrieving it correctly. The ajax request does update the board. The values passed are correct and confirmed with firebug's console. However instead of placing pieces only for the player they belong to it cycles though the piece states (0,1,2). When manually browsing to boardUpdate.php and putting in the same values sent from the Ajax the results seen in the echo'ed response indicates that the corresponding piece is played each time as intended. Same results on my laptop after fresh load of firefox. Manually browsing to boardUpdate.php without logging in before hand leave the board unchanged (as intended when no user is found in the session). I've double checked the that session_start() is on the php files and double checked the session ID variables. Hope this extra information helps, i'm running out of ideas what to tell you. Should I load up the full code? Update 2: After checking the Ajax responce in fire-bug I realized that the 'play' request does not get a result, and the board is not updated till the next 'update'. I'm still looking into this but I'll post it here for you guys too. boardUpdate.php Notable places are: Refresh Board(line6) Place Piece(line20) function boardUpdate($turnCount) (line63) <?php session_start(); require '../../omok/dbConnect.php'; //*** Refresh Board *** if(isset($_GET['update'])) { $bid = $_GET['bid']; $Query=("SELECT turn FROM board WHERE bid=$bid"); $Result=mysql_query($Query); $turnCount=mysql_result($Result,0,"turn"); if($_GET['turnCount'] < $turnCount) //** Turn increased { boardUpdate($turnCount); } } //*** Place Piece *** if(isset($_GET['play'])) // turn order? player detect? { $squareID = $_GET['play']; $bid = $_GET['bid']; $Query=("SELECT turn, boardstate FROM board WHERE bid=$bid"); $Result=mysql_query($Query); $turnCount=mysql_result($Result,0,"turn"); $boardState=mysql_result($Result,0,"boardstate"); $turnCount++; $playerId = $_SESSION['char']; $Query=("SELECT p1, p2 FROM board WHERE bid=$bid"); $Result=mysql_query($Query); $p1 = mysql_result($Result,0,"p1"); $p2 = mysql_result($Result,0,"p2"); $newPiece = 0; //*default no player if($playerId == $p1) $newPiece = 1; if($playerId == $p2) $newPiece = 2; // if($newPiece != 0) // { $oldPiece = getBoardSpot($squareID, $bid); $oldLetter = $boardState{floor($squareID/3)}; $slot = $squareID%3; //***function updateCode($old, $new, $current, $slot)*** $newLetter = updateCode($oldPiece, $newPiece, $oldLetter, $slot); $newLetter = value2Letter($newLetter); $newBoard = substr_replace($boardState, $newLetter, floor($squareID/3), 1); //** Update Query for boardstate & turn $Query=("UPDATE board SET boardState = '$newBoard', turn = '$turnCount' WHERE bid = '$bid'"); mysql_query($Query); // } boardUpdate($turnCount); } function boardUpdate($turnCount) { $json = '{"turnCount":"'.$turnCount.'",'; //** turnCount ** $bid = $_GET['bid']; $Query=("SELECT boardstate FROM board WHERE bid='$bid'"); $Result=mysql_query($Query); $Board=mysql_result($Result,0,"boardstate"); $json.= '"boardState":"'.$Board.'"'; //** boardState ** $json.= '}'; echo $json; } function letter2Value($input) { if(ord($input) >= 48 && ord($input) <= 57) return ord($input) - 48; else return ord($input) - 87; } function value2Letter($input) { if($input >= 10) return chr($input += 87); else return chr($input += 48); } //*** UPDATE CODE *** updates an letter with a new peice change and returns result letter. //***** $old : peice value before update //***** $new : peice value after update //***** $current : letterValue of code before update. //***** $slot : which of the 3 sqaures the change needs to take place in. function updateCode($old, $new, $current, $slot) { if($slot == 0) {// echo $current,"+((",$new,"-",$old,")*9)"; return letter2Value($current)+(($new-$old)*9); } else if($slot == 1) {// echo $current,"+((",$new,"-",$old,")*3)"; return letter2Value($current)+(($new-$old)*3); } else //slot == 2 {// echo $current,"+((",$new,"-",$old,")"; return letter2Value($current)+($new-$old); } }//updateCode() //**** GETBOARDSPOT *** Returns the peice value at defined location on the board. //****** 0 is first sqaure increment +1 in reading order (0-254). function getBoardSpot($squareID, $bid) { $Query=("SELECT boardstate FROM board WHERE bid='$bid'"); $Result=mysql_query($Query); $Board=mysql_result($Result,0,"boardstate"); if($squareID %3 == 2) //**3rd spot** { if( letter2Value($Board{floor($squareID/3)} ) % 3 == 0) return 0; else if( letter2Value($Board{floor($squareID/3)} ) % 3 == 1) return 1; else return 2; } else if($squareID %3 == 0) //**1st spot** { if(letter2Value($Board{floor($squareID/3)} ) <= 8) return 0; else if(letter2Value($Board{floor($squareID/3)} ) >= 18) return 2; else return 1; } else //**2nd spot** { return floor(letter2Value($Board{floor($squareID/3)}))/3%3; } }//end getBoardSpot() ?> Please help, I'd be glad to provide more information if needed. Thanks in advance =)

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  • Font serialization in vb.net

    - by jovany
    Hello all, as the title says , I need to serialize my font. I have tried the following approach unfortunately to no avail. This is what I have and what happens; I have a drawing application and certain variables and properties need to be serialized. (So , Xml.Serialization has been used.) Now this has already been done in a huge portion and I've created some other attributes which needed to be serialized and it works. There is one base class and classes such as drawablestar, drawableeclipse ,etc. all inherit from this class. As does my drawabletextboxclass. The base class is Serializable as can be seen in the sample below. It looks like this... Imports System.Xml.Serialization <Serializable()> _ Public MustInherit Class Drawable ' Drawing characteristics. 'Font characteristics <XmlIgnore()> Public FontFamily As String <XmlIgnore()> Public FontSize As Integer <XmlIgnore()> Public FontType As Integer <XmlIgnore()> Public ForeColor As Color <XmlIgnore()> Public FillColor As Color <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public LineWidth As Integer = 0 <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public X1 As Integer <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public Y1 As Integer <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public X2 As Integer <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public Y2 As Integer ' attributes for size textbox <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public widthLabel As Integer <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public heightLabel As Integer '<XmlTextAttribute()> Public FontFamily As String '<XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public FontSize As Integer 'this should actually not be here.. <XmlAttributeAttribute()> Public s_InsertLabel As String ' Indicates whether we should draw as selected. <XmlIgnore()> Public IsSelected As Boolean = False ' Constructors. Public Sub New() ForeColor = Color.Black FillColor = Color.White 'FontFamily = "Impact" 'FontSize = 12 End Sub Friend WriteOnly Property _Label() As String Set(ByVal Value As String) s_InsertLabel = Value End Set End Property Public Sub New(ByVal fore_color As Color, ByVal fill_color As Color, Optional ByVal line_width As Integer = 0) LineWidth = line_width ForeColor = fore_color FillColor = fill_color ' FontFamily = Font_Family ' FontSize = Font_Size End Sub ' Property procedures to serialize and ' deserialize ForeColor and FillColor. <XmlAttributeAttribute("ForeColor")> _ Public Property ForeColorArgb() As Integer Get Return ForeColor.ToArgb() End Get Set(ByVal Value As Integer) ForeColor = Color.FromArgb(Value) End Set End Property <XmlAttributeAttribute("BackColor")> _ Public Property FillColorArgb() As Integer Get Return FillColor.ToArgb() End Get Set(ByVal Value As Integer) FillColor = Color.FromArgb(Value) End Set End Property 'Property procedures to serialize and 'deserialize Font <XmlAttributeAttribute("InsertLabel")> _ Public Property InsertLabel_() As String Get Return s_InsertLabel End Get Set(ByVal value As String) s_InsertLabel = value End Set End Property <XmlAttributeAttribute("FontSize")> _ Public Property FontSizeGet() As Integer Get Return FontSize End Get Set(ByVal value As Integer) FontSize = value End Set End Property <XmlAttributeAttribute("FontFamily")> _ Public Property FontFamilyGet() As String Get Return FontFamily End Get Set(ByVal value As String) FontFamily = value End Set End Property <XmlAttributeAttribute("FontType")> _ Public Property FontType_() As Integer Get Return FontType End Get Set(ByVal value As Integer) FontType = value End Set End Property #Region "Methods to override" Public MustOverride Sub Draw(ByVal gr As Graphics) ' Return the object's bounding rectangle. Public MustOverride Function GetBounds() As Rectangle ...... ........ ..... End Class [/code] My textbox class which looks like this , is the one that needs to save it's font. Imports System.Math Imports System.Xml.Serialization Imports System.Windows.Forms <Serializable()> _ Public Class DrawableTextBox Inherits Drawable Private i_StringLength As Integer Private i_StringWidth As Integer Private drawFont As Font = New Font(FontFamily, 12, FontStyle.Regular) Private brsTextColor As Brush = Brushes.Black Private s_insertLabelTextbox As String = "label" ' Constructors. Public Sub New() End Sub Public Sub New(ByVal objCanvas As PictureBox, ByVal fore_color As Color, ByVal fill_color As Color, Optional ByVal line_width As Integer = 0, Optional ByVal new_x1 As Integer = 0, Optional ByVal new_y1 As Integer = 0, Optional ByVal new_x2 As Integer = 1, Optional ByVal new_y2 As Integer = 1) MyBase.New(fore_color, fill_color, line_width) Dim objGraphics As Graphics = objCanvas.CreateGraphics() X1 = new_x1 Y1 = new_y1 'Only rectangles ,circles and stars can resize for now b_Movement b_Movement = True Dim frm As New frmTextbox frm.MyFont = drawFont frm.ShowDialog() If frm.DialogResult = DialogResult.OK Then FontFamily = frm.MyFont.FontFamily.Name FontSize = frm.MyFont.Size FontType = frm.MyFont.Style 'drawFont = frm.MyFont drawFont = New Font(FontFamily, FontSize) drawFont = FontAttributes() brsTextColor = New SolidBrush(frm.txtLabel.ForeColor) s_InsertLabel = frm.txtLabel.Text i_StringLength = s_InsertLabel.Length 'gefixtf Dim objSizeF As SizeF = objGraphics.MeasureString(s_InsertLabel, drawFont, New PointF(X2 - X1, Y2 - Y1), New StringFormat(StringFormatFlags.NoClip)) Dim objPoint As Point = objCanvas.PointToClient(New Point(X1 + objSizeF.Width, Y1 + objSizeF.Height)) widthLabel = objSizeF.Width heightLabel = objSizeF.Height X2 = X1 + widthLabel Y2 = Y1 + heightLabel Else Throw New ApplicationException() End If End Sub ' Draw the object on this Graphics surface. Public Overrides Sub Draw(ByVal gr As System.Drawing.Graphics) ' Make a Rectangle representing this rectangle. Dim rectString As Rectangle rectString = New Rectangle(X1, Y1, widthLabel, heightLabel) rectString = GetBounds() ' See if we're selected. If IsSelected Then gr.DrawString(s_InsertLabel, drawFont, brsTextColor, X1, Y1) 'gr.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, rect) ' Pens.Transparent gr.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, rectString) ' Draw grab handles. DrawGrabHandle(gr, X1, Y1) DrawGrabHandle(gr, X1, Y2) DrawGrabHandle(gr, X2, Y2) DrawGrabHandle(gr, X2, Y1) Else gr.DrawString(s_InsertLabel, drawFont, brsTextColor, X1, Y1) 'gr.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, rect) ' Pens.Transparent gr.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black, rectString) End If End Sub 'get fontattributes Public Function FontAttributes() As Font Return New Font(FontFamily, 12, FontStyle.Regular) End Function ' Return the object's bounding rectangle. Public Overrides Function GetBounds() As System.Drawing.Rectangle Return New Rectangle( _ Min(X1, X1), _ Min(Y1, Y1), _ Abs(widthLabel), _ Abs(heightLabel)) End Function ' Return True if this point is on the object. Public Overrides Function IsAt(ByVal x As Integer, ByVal y As Integer) As Boolean Return (x >= Min(X1, X2)) AndAlso _ (x <= Max(X1, X2)) AndAlso _ (y >= Min(Y1, Y2)) AndAlso _ (y <= Max(Y1, Y2)) End Function ' Move the second point. Public Overrides Sub NewPoint(ByVal x As Integer, ByVal y As Integer) X2 = x Y2 = y End Sub ' Return True if the object is empty (e.g. a zero-length line). Public Overrides Function IsEmpty() As Boolean Return (X1 = X2) AndAlso (Y1 = Y2) End Function End Class The coordinates ( X1 ,X2,Y1, Y2 ) are needed to draw a circle , rectangle etc. ( in the other classes ).This all works. If I load my saved file it shows me the correct location and correct size of drawn objects. If I open my xml file I can see all values are correctly saved ( including my FontFamily ). Also the color which can be adjusted is saved and then properly displayed when I load a previously saved drawing. Of course because the coordinates work, if I insert a textField ,the location where it is being displayed is correct. However here comes the problem , my fontSize and fontfamily don't work. As you can see I created them in the base class, However this does not work. Is my approach completely off? What can I do ? Before saving img14.imageshack.us/i/beforeos.jpg/ After loading the Font jumps back to Sans serif and size 12. I could really use some help here.. Edit: I've been using the sample from this website http://www.vb-helper.com/howto_net_drawing_framework.html

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  • Is it possible to pass a structure of delegates from managed to native?

    - by Veiva
    I am writing a wrapper for the game programming library "Allegro" and its less stable 4.9 branch. Now, I have done good insofar, except for when it comes to wrapping a structure of function pointers. Basically, I can't change the original code, despite having access to it, because that would require me to fork it in some manner. I need to know how I can somehow pass a structure of delegates from managed to native without causing an AccessViolationException that has occurred so far. Now, for the code. Here is the Allegro definition of the structure: typedef struct ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE { AL_METHOD(ALLEGRO_FILE*, fi_fopen, (const char *path, const char *mode)); AL_METHOD(void, fi_fclose, (ALLEGRO_FILE *handle)); AL_METHOD(size_t, fi_fread, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, void *ptr, size_t size)); AL_METHOD(size_t, fi_fwrite, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, const void *ptr, size_t size)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_fflush, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(int64_t, fi_ftell, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_fseek, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, int64_t offset, int whence)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_feof, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_ferror, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(int, fi_fungetc, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, int c)); AL_METHOD(off_t, fi_fsize, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); } ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE; My simple attempt at wrapping it: public delegate IntPtr AllegroInternalOpenFileDelegate(string path, string mode); public delegate void AllegroInternalCloseFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate int AllegroInternalReadFileDelegate(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size); public delegate int AllegroInternalWriteFileDelegate(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size); public delegate bool AllegroInternalFlushFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate long AllegroInternalTellFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate bool AllegroInternalSeekFileDelegate(IntPtr file, long offset, int where); public delegate bool AllegroInternalIsEndOfFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate bool AllegroInternalIsErrorFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate int AllegroInternalUngetCharFileDelegate(IntPtr file, int c); public delegate long AllegroInternalFileSizeDelegate(IntPtr file); [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 0)] public struct AllegroInternalFileInterface { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalOpenFileDelegate fi_fopen; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalCloseFileDelegate fi_fclose; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalReadFileDelegate fi_fread; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalWriteFileDelegate fi_fwrite; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalFlushFileDelegate fi_fflush; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalTellFileDelegate fi_ftell; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalSeekFileDelegate fi_fseek; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalIsEndOfFileDelegate fi_feof; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalIsErrorFileDelegate fi_ferror; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalUngetCharFileDelegate fi_fungetc; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalFileSizeDelegate fi_fsize; } I have a simple auxiliary wrapper that turns an ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE into an ALLEGRO_FILE, like so: #define ALLEGRO_NO_MAGIC_MAIN #include <allegro5/allegro5.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <assert.h> __declspec(dllexport) ALLEGRO_FILE * al_aux_create_file(ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE * fi) { ALLEGRO_FILE * file; assert(fi && "`fi' null"); file = (ALLEGRO_FILE *)malloc(sizeof(ALLEGRO_FILE)); if (!file) return NULL; file->vtable = (ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE *)malloc(sizeof(ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE)); if (!(file->vtable)) { free(file); return NULL; } memcpy(file->vtable, fi, sizeof(ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE)); return file; } __declspec(dllexport) void al_aux_destroy_file(ALLEGRO_FILE * f) { assert(f && "`f' null"); assert(f->vtable && "`f->vtable' null"); free(f->vtable); free(f); } Lastly, I have a class that accepts a Stream and provides the proper methods to interact with the stream. Just to make sure, here it is: /// <summary> /// A semi-opaque data type that allows one to load fonts, etc from a stream. /// </summary> public class AllegroFile : AllegroResource, IDisposable { AllegroInternalFileInterface fileInterface; Stream fileStream; /// <summary> /// Gets the file interface. /// </summary> internal AllegroInternalFileInterface FileInterface { get { return fileInterface; } } /// <summary> /// Constructs an Allegro file from the stream provided. /// </summary> /// <param name="stream">The stream to use.</param> public AllegroFile(Stream stream) { fileStream = stream; fileInterface = new AllegroInternalFileInterface(); fileInterface.fi_fopen = Open; fileInterface.fi_fclose = Close; fileInterface.fi_fread = Read; fileInterface.fi_fwrite = Write; fileInterface.fi_fflush = Flush; fileInterface.fi_ftell = GetPosition; fileInterface.fi_fseek = Seek; fileInterface.fi_feof = GetIsEndOfFile; fileInterface.fi_ferror = GetIsError; fileInterface.fi_fungetc = UngetCharacter; fileInterface.fi_fsize = GetLength; Resource = AllegroFunctions.al_aux_create_file(ref fileInterface); if (!IsValid) throw new AllegroException("Unable to create file"); } /// <summary> /// Disposes of all resources. /// </summary> ~AllegroFile() { Dispose(); } /// <summary> /// Disposes of all resources used. /// </summary> public void Dispose() { if (IsValid) { Resource = IntPtr.Zero; // Should call AllegroFunctions.al_aux_destroy_file fileStream.Dispose(); } } IntPtr Open(string path, string mode) { return IntPtr.Zero; } void Close(IntPtr file) { fileStream.Close(); } int Read(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size) { byte[] d = new byte[size]; int read = fileStream.Read(d, 0, size); Marshal.Copy(d, 0, data, size); return read; } int Write(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size) { byte[] d = new byte[size]; Marshal.Copy(data, d, 0, size); fileStream.Write(d, 0, size); return size; } bool Flush(IntPtr file) { fileStream.Flush(); return true; } long GetPosition(IntPtr file) { return fileStream.Position; } bool Seek(IntPtr file, long offset, int whence) { SeekOrigin origin = SeekOrigin.Begin; if (whence == 1) origin = SeekOrigin.Current; else if (whence == 2) origin = SeekOrigin.End; fileStream.Seek(offset, origin); return true; } bool GetIsEndOfFile(IntPtr file) { return fileStream.Position == fileStream.Length; } bool GetIsError(IntPtr file) { return false; } int UngetCharacter(IntPtr file, int character) { return -1; } long GetLength(IntPtr file) { return fileStream.Length; } } Now, when I do something like this: AllegroFile file = new AllegroFile(new FileStream("Test.bmp", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite)); bitmap.SaveToFile(file, ".bmp"); ...I get an AccessViolationException. I think I understand why (the garbage collector can relocate structs and classes whenever), but I'd think that the method stub that is created by the framework would take this into consideration and route the calls to the valid classes. However, it seems obviously so that I'm wrong. So basically, is there any way I can successfully wrap that structure? (And I'm sorry for all the code! Hope it's not too much...)

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  • NoSQL with RavenDB and ASP.NET MVC - Part 1

    - by shiju
     A while back, I have blogged NoSQL with MongoDB, NoRM and ASP.NET MVC Part 1 and Part 2 on how to use MongoDB with an ASP.NET MVC application. The NoSQL movement is getting big attention and RavenDB is the latest addition to the NoSQL and document database world. RavenDB is an Open Source (with a commercial option) document database for the .NET/Windows platform developed  by Ayende Rahien.  Raven stores schema-less JSON documents, allow you to define indexes using Linq queries and focus on low latency and high performance. RavenDB is .NET focused document database which comes with a fully functional .NET client API  and supports LINQ. RavenDB comes with two components, a server and a client API. RavenDB is a REST based system, so you can write your own HTTP cleint API. As a .NET developer, RavenDB is becoming my favorite document database. Unlike other document databases, RavenDB is supports transactions using System.Transactions. Also it's supports both embedded and server mode of database. You can access RavenDB site at http://ravendb.netA demo App with ASP.NET MVCLet's create a simple demo app with RavenDB and ASP.NET MVC. To work with RavenDB, do the following steps. Go to http://ravendb.net/download and download the latest build.Unzip the downloaded file.Go to the /Server directory and run the RavenDB.exe. This will start the RavenDB server listening on localhost:8080You can change the port of RavenDB  by modifying the "Raven/Port" appSetting value in the RavenDB.exe.config file.When running the RavenDB, it will automatically create a database in the /Data directory. You can change the directory name data by modifying "Raven/DataDirt" appSetting value in the RavenDB.exe.config file.RavenDB provides a browser based admin tool. When the Raven server is running, You can be access the browser based admin tool and view and edit documents and index using your browser admin tool. The web admin tool available at http://localhost:8080The below is the some screen shots of web admin tool     Working with ASP.NET MVC  To working with RavenDB in our demo ASP.NET MVC application, do the following steps Step 1 - Add reference to Raven Cleint API In our ASP.NET MVC application, Add a reference to the Raven.Client.Lightweight.dll from the Client directory. Step 2 - Create DocumentStoreThe document store would be created once per application. Let's create a DocumentStore on application start-up in the Global.asax.cs. documentStore = new DocumentStore { Url = "http://localhost:8080/" }; documentStore.Initialise(); The above code will create a Raven DB document store and will be listening the server locahost at port 8080    Step 3 - Create DocumentSession on BeginRequest   Let's create a DocumentSession on BeginRequest event in the Global.asax.cs. We are using the document session for every unit of work. In our demo app, every HTTP request would be a single Unit of Work (UoW). BeginRequest += (sender, args) =>   HttpContext.Current.Items[RavenSessionKey] = documentStore.OpenSession(); Step 4 - Destroy the DocumentSession on EndRequest  EndRequest += (o, eventArgs) => {     var disposable = HttpContext.Current.Items[RavenSessionKey] as IDisposable;     if (disposable != null)         disposable.Dispose(); };  At the end of HTTP request, we are destroying the DocumentSession  object.The below  code block shown all the code in the Global.asax.cs  private const string RavenSessionKey = "RavenMVC.Session"; private static DocumentStore documentStore;   protected void Application_Start() { //Create a DocumentStore in Application_Start //DocumentStore should be created once per application and stored as a singleton. documentStore = new DocumentStore { Url = "http://localhost:8080/" }; documentStore.Initialise(); AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); //DI using Unity 2.0 ConfigureUnity(); }   public MvcApplication() { //Create a DocumentSession on BeginRequest   //create a document session for every unit of work BeginRequest += (sender, args) =>     HttpContext.Current.Items[RavenSessionKey] = documentStore.OpenSession(); //Destroy the DocumentSession on EndRequest EndRequest += (o, eventArgs) => { var disposable = HttpContext.Current.Items[RavenSessionKey] as IDisposable; if (disposable != null) disposable.Dispose(); }; }   //Getting the current DocumentSession public static IDocumentSession CurrentSession {   get { return (IDocumentSession)HttpContext.Current.Items[RavenSessionKey]; } }  We have setup all necessary code in the Global.asax.cs for working with RavenDB. For our demo app, Let’s write a domain class  public class Category {       public string Id { get; set; }       [Required(ErrorMessage = "Name Required")]     [StringLength(25, ErrorMessage = "Must be less than 25 characters")]     public string Name { get; set;}     public string Description { get; set; }   } We have created simple domain entity Category. Let's create repository class for performing CRUD operations against our domain entity Category.  public interface ICategoryRepository {     Category Load(string id);     IEnumerable<Category> GetCategories();     void Save(Category category);     void Delete(string id);       }    public class CategoryRepository : ICategoryRepository {     private IDocumentSession session;     public CategoryRepository()     {             session = MvcApplication.CurrentSession;     }     //Load category based on Id     public Category Load(string id)     {         return session.Load<Category>(id);     }     //Get all categories     public IEnumerable<Category> GetCategories()     {         var categories= session.LuceneQuery<Category>()                 .WaitForNonStaleResults()             .ToArray();         return categories;       }     //Insert/Update category     public void Save(Category category)     {         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(category.Id))         {             //insert new record             session.Store(category);         }         else         {             //edit record             var categoryToEdit = Load(category.Id);             categoryToEdit.Name = category.Name;             categoryToEdit.Description = category.Description;         }         //save the document session         session.SaveChanges();     }     //delete a category     public void Delete(string id)     {         var category = Load(id);         session.Delete<Category>(category);         session.SaveChanges();     }        } For every CRUD operations, we are taking the current document session object from HttpContext object. session = MvcApplication.CurrentSession; We are calling the static method CurrentSession from the Global.asax.cs public static IDocumentSession CurrentSession {     get { return (IDocumentSession)HttpContext.Current.Items[RavenSessionKey]; } }  Retrieve Entities  The Load method get the single Category object based on the Id. RavenDB is working based on the REST principles and the Id would be like categories/1. The Id would be created by automatically when a new object is inserted to the document store. The REST uri categories/1 represents a single category object with Id representation of 1.   public Category Load(string id) {    return session.Load<Category>(id); } The GetCategories method returns all the categories calling the session.LuceneQuery method. RavenDB is using a lucen query syntax for querying. I will explain more details about querying and indexing in my future posts.   public IEnumerable<Category> GetCategories() {     var categories= session.LuceneQuery<Category>()             .WaitForNonStaleResults()         .ToArray();     return categories;   } Insert/Update entityFor insert/Update a Category entity, we have created Save method in repository class. If  the Id property of Category is null, we call Store method of Documentsession for insert a new record. For editing a existing record, we load the Category object and assign the values to the loaded Category object. The session.SaveChanges() will save the changes to document store.  //Insert/Update category public void Save(Category category) {     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(category.Id))     {         //insert new record         session.Store(category);     }     else     {         //edit record         var categoryToEdit = Load(category.Id);         categoryToEdit.Name = category.Name;         categoryToEdit.Description = category.Description;     }     //save the document session     session.SaveChanges(); }  Delete Entity  In the Delete method, we call the document session's delete method and call the SaveChanges method to reflect changes in the document store.  public void Delete(string id) {     var category = Load(id);     session.Delete<Category>(category);     session.SaveChanges(); }  Let’s create ASP.NET MVC controller and controller actions for handling CRUD operations for the domain class Category  public class CategoryController : Controller { private ICategoryRepository categoyRepository; //DI enabled constructor public CategoryController(ICategoryRepository categoyRepository) {     this.categoyRepository = categoyRepository; } public ActionResult Index() {         var categories = categoyRepository.GetCategories();     if (categories == null)         return RedirectToAction("Create");     return View(categories); }   [HttpGet] public ActionResult Edit(string id) {     var category = categoyRepository.Load(id);         return View("Save",category); } // GET: /Category/Create [HttpGet] public ActionResult Create() {     var category = new Category();     return View("Save", category); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Save(Category category) {     if (!ModelState.IsValid)     {         return View("Save", category);     }           categoyRepository.Save(category);         return RedirectToAction("Index");     }        [HttpPost] public ActionResult Delete(string id) {     categoyRepository.Delete(id);     var categories = categoyRepository.GetCategories();     return PartialView("CategoryList", categories);      }        }  RavenDB is an awesome document database and I hope that it will be the winner in .NET space of document database world.  The source code of demo application available at http://ravenmvc.codeplex.com/

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  • Coding With Windows Azure IaaS

    - by Hisham El-bereky
    This post will focus on some advanced programming topics concerned with IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) which provided as windows azure virtual machine (with its related resources like virtual disk and virtual network), you know that windows azure started as PaaS cloud platform but regarding to some business cases which need to have full control over their virtual machine, so windows azure directed toward providing IaaS. Sometimes you will need to manage your cloud IaaS through code may be for these reasons: Working on hyper-cloud system by providing bursting connector to windows azure virtual machines Providing multi-tenant system which consume windows azure virtual machine Automated process on your on-premises or cloud service which need to utilize some virtual resources We are going to implement the following basic operation using C# code: List images Create virtual machine List virtual machines Restart virtual machine Delete virtual machine Before going to implement the above operations we need to prepare client side and windows azure subscription to communicate correctly by providing management certificate (x.509 v3 certificates) which permit client access to resources in your Windows Azure subscription, whilst requests made using the Windows Azure Service Management REST API require authentication against a certificate that you provide to Windows Azure More info about setting management certificate located here. And to install .cer on other client machine you will need the .pfx file, or if not exist by exporting .cer as .pfx Note: You will need to install .net 4.5 on your machine to try the code So let start This post built on the post sent by Michael Washam "Advanced Windows Azure IaaS – Demo Code", so I'm here to declare some points and to add new operation which is not exist in Michael's demo The basic C# class object used here as client to azure REST API for IaaS service is HttpClient (Provides a base class for sending HTTP requests and receiving HTTP responses from a resource identified by a URI) this object must be initialized with the required data like certificate, headers and content if required. Also I'd like to refer here that the code is based on using Asynchronous programming with calls to azure which enhance the performance and gives us the ability to work with complex calls which depends on more than one sub-call to achieve some operation The following code explain how to get certificate and initializing HttpClient object with required data like headers and content HttpClient GetHttpClient() { X509Store certificateStore = null; X509Certificate2 certificate = null; try { certificateStore = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser); certificateStore.Open(OpenFlags.ReadOnly); string thumbprint = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["CertThumbprint"]; var certificates = certificateStore.Certificates.Find(X509FindType.FindByThumbprint, thumbprint, false); if (certificates.Count > 0) { certificate = certificates[0]; } } finally { if (certificateStore != null) certificateStore.Close(); }   WebRequestHandler handler = new WebRequestHandler(); if (certificate!= null) { handler.ClientCertificates.Add(certificate); HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(handler); //And to set required headers lik x-ms-version httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("x-ms-version", "2012-03-01"); httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/xml")); return httpClient; } return null; }  Let us keep the object httpClient as reference object used to call windows azure REST API IaaS service. For each request operation we need to define: Request URI HTTP Method Headers Content body (1) List images The List OS Images operation retrieves a list of the OS images from the image repository Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/images] Replace <subscription-id> with your windows Id HTTP Method GET (HTTP 1.1) Headers x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Body None.  C# Code List<String> imageList = new List<String>(); //replace _subscriptionid with your WA subscription String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/images", _subscriptionid);  HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); Stream responseStream = await http.GetStreamAsync(uri);  if (responseStream != null) {      XDocument xml = XDocument.Load(responseStream);      var images = xml.Root.Descendants(ns + "OSImage").Where(i => i.Element(ns + "OS").Value == "Windows");      foreach (var image in images)      {      string img = image.Element(ns + "Name").Value;      imageList.Add(img);      } } More information about the REST call (Request/Response) located here on this link http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/jj157191.aspx (2) Create Virtual Machine Creating virtual machine required service and deployment to be created first, so creating VM should be done through three steps incase hosted service and deployment is not created yet Create hosted service, a container for service deployments in Windows Azure. A subscription may have zero or more hosted services Create deployment, a service that is running on Windows Azure. A deployment may be running in either the staging or production deployment environment. It may be managed either by referencing its deployment ID, or by referencing the deployment environment in which it's running. Create virtual machine, the previous two steps info required here in this step I suggest here to use the same name for service, deployment and service to make it easy to manage virtual machines Note: A name for the hosted service that is unique within Windows Azure. This name is the DNS prefix name and can be used to access the hosted service. For example: http://ServiceName.cloudapp.net// 2.1 Create service Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/hostedservices HTTP Method POST (HTTP 1.1) Header x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Content-Type: application/xml Body More details about request body (and other information) are located here http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/gg441304.aspx C# code The following method show how to create hosted service async public Task<String> NewAzureCloudService(String ServiceName, String Location, String AffinityGroup, String subscriptionid) { String requestID = String.Empty;   String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices", subscriptionid); HttpClient http = GetHttpClient();   System.Text.ASCIIEncoding ae = new System.Text.ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] svcNameBytes = ae.GetBytes(ServiceName);   String locationEl = String.Empty; String locationVal = String.Empty;   if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(Location) == false) { locationEl = "Location"; locationVal = Location; } else { locationEl = "AffinityGroup"; locationVal = AffinityGroup; }   XElement srcTree = new XElement("CreateHostedService", new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "i", ns1), new XElement("ServiceName", ServiceName), new XElement("Label", Convert.ToBase64String(svcNameBytes)), new XElement(locationEl, locationVal) ); ApplyNamespace(srcTree, ns);   XDocument CSXML = new XDocument(srcTree); HttpContent content = new StringContent(CSXML.ToString()); content.Headers.ContentType = new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/xml");   HttpResponseMessage responseMsg = await http.PostAsync(uri, content); if (responseMsg != null) { requestID = responseMsg.Headers.GetValues("x-ms-request-id").FirstOrDefault(); } return requestID; } 2.2 Create Deployment Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/hostedservices/<service-name>/deploymentslots/<deployment-slot-name> <deployment-slot-name> with staging or production, depending on where you wish to deploy your service package <service-name> provided as input from the previous step HTTP Method POST (HTTP 1.1) Header x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Content-Type: application/xml Body More details about request body (and other information) are located here http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/ee460813.aspx C# code The following method show how to create hosted service deployment async public Task<String> NewAzureVMDeployment(String ServiceName, String VMName, String VNETName, XDocument VMXML, XDocument DNSXML) { String requestID = String.Empty;     String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices/{1}/deployments", _subscriptionid, ServiceName); HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); XElement srcTree = new XElement("Deployment", new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "i", ns1), new XElement("Name", ServiceName), new XElement("DeploymentSlot", "Production"), new XElement("Label", ServiceName), new XElement("RoleList", null) );   if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(VNETName) == false) { srcTree.Add(new XElement("VirtualNetworkName", VNETName)); }   if(DNSXML != null) { srcTree.Add(new XElement("DNS", new XElement("DNSServers", DNSXML))); }   XDocument deploymentXML = new XDocument(srcTree); ApplyNamespace(srcTree, ns);   deploymentXML.Descendants(ns + "RoleList").FirstOrDefault().Add(VMXML.Root);     String fixedXML = deploymentXML.ToString().Replace(" xmlns=\"\"", ""); HttpContent content = new StringContent(fixedXML); content.Headers.ContentType = new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/xml");   HttpResponseMessage responseMsg = await http.PostAsync(uri, content); if (responseMsg != null) { requestID = responseMsg.Headers.GetValues("x-ms-request-id").FirstOrDefault(); }   return requestID; } 2.3 Create Virtual Machine Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/hostedservices/<cloudservice-name>/deployments/<deployment-name>/roles <cloudservice-name> and <deployment-name> are provided as input from the previous steps Http Method POST (HTTP 1.1) Header x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Content-Type: application/xml Body More details about request body (and other information) located here http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/jj157186.aspx C# code async public Task<String> NewAzureVM(String ServiceName, String VMName, XDocument VMXML) { String requestID = String.Empty;   String deployment = await GetAzureDeploymentName(ServiceName);   String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices/{1}/deployments/{2}/roles", _subscriptionid, ServiceName, deployment);   HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); HttpContent content = new StringContent(VMXML.ToString()); content.Headers.ContentType = new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/xml"); HttpResponseMessage responseMsg = await http.PostAsync(uri, content); if (responseMsg != null) { requestID = responseMsg.Headers.GetValues("x-ms-request-id").FirstOrDefault(); } return requestID; } (3) List Virtual Machines To list virtual machine hosted on windows azure subscription we have to loop over all hosted services to get its hosted virtual machines To do that we need to execute the following operations: listing hosted services listing hosted service Virtual machine 3.1 Listing Hosted Services Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/hostedservices HTTP Method GET (HTTP 1.1) Headers x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Body None. More info about this HTTP request located here on this link http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/ee460781.aspx C# Code async private Task<List<XDocument>> GetAzureServices(String subscriptionid) { String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices ", subscriptionid); List<XDocument> services = new List<XDocument>();   HttpClient http = GetHttpClient();   Stream responseStream = await http.GetStreamAsync(uri);   if (responseStream != null) { XDocument xml = XDocument.Load(responseStream); var svcs = xml.Root.Descendants(ns + "HostedService"); foreach (XElement r in svcs) { XDocument vm = new XDocument(r); services.Add(vm); } }   return services; }  3.2 Listing Hosted Service Virtual Machines Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/hostedservices/<service-name>/deployments/<deployment-name>/roles/<role-name> HTTP Method GET (HTTP 1.1) Headers x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Body None. More info about this HTTP request here http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/jj157193.aspx C# Code async public Task<XDocument> GetAzureVM(String ServiceName, String VMName, String subscriptionid) { String deployment = await GetAzureDeploymentName(ServiceName); XDocument vmXML = new XDocument();   String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices/{1}/deployments/{2}/roles/{3}", subscriptionid, ServiceName, deployment, VMName);   HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); Stream responseStream = await http.GetStreamAsync(uri); if (responseStream != null) { vmXML = XDocument.Load(responseStream); }   return vmXML; }  So the final method which can be used to list all virtual machines is: async public Task<XDocument> GetAzureVMs() { List<XDocument> services = await GetAzureServices(); XDocument vms = new XDocument(); vms.Add(new XElement("VirtualMachines")); ApplyNamespace(vms.Root, ns); foreach (var svc in services) { string ServiceName = svc.Root.Element(ns + "ServiceName").Value;   String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices/{1}/deploymentslots/{2}", _subscriptionid, ServiceName, "Production");   try { HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); Stream responseStream = await http.GetStreamAsync(uri);   if (responseStream != null) { XDocument xml = XDocument.Load(responseStream); var roles = xml.Root.Descendants(ns + "RoleInstance"); foreach (XElement r in roles) { XElement svcnameel = new XElement("ServiceName", ServiceName); ApplyNamespace(svcnameel, ns); r.Add(svcnameel); // not part of the roleinstance vms.Root.Add(r); } } } catch (HttpRequestException http) { // no vms with cloud service } } return vms; }  (4) Restart Virtual Machine Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/hostedservices/<service-name>/deployments/<deployment-name>/roles/<role-name>/Operations HTTP Method POST (HTTP 1.1) Headers x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Content-Type: application/xml Body <RestartRoleOperation xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <OperationType>RestartRoleOperation</OperationType> </RestartRoleOperation>  More details about this http request here http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/jj157197.aspx  C# Code async public Task<String> RebootVM(String ServiceName, String RoleName) { String requestID = String.Empty;   String deployment = await GetAzureDeploymentName(ServiceName); String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices/{1}/deployments/{2}/roleInstances/{3}/Operations", _subscriptionid, ServiceName, deployment, RoleName);   HttpClient http = GetHttpClient();   XElement srcTree = new XElement("RestartRoleOperation", new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "i", ns1), new XElement("OperationType", "RestartRoleOperation") ); ApplyNamespace(srcTree, ns);   XDocument CSXML = new XDocument(srcTree); HttpContent content = new StringContent(CSXML.ToString()); content.Headers.ContentType = new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/xml");   HttpResponseMessage responseMsg = await http.PostAsync(uri, content); if (responseMsg != null) { requestID = responseMsg.Headers.GetValues("x-ms-request-id").FirstOrDefault(); } return requestID; }  (5) Delete Virtual Machine You can delete your hosted virtual machine by deleting its deployment, but I prefer to delete its hosted service also, so you can easily manage your virtual machines from code 5.1 Delete Deployment Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/< subscription-id >/services/hostedservices/< service-name >/deployments/<Deployment-Name> HTTP Method DELETE (HTTP 1.1) Headers x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Body None. C# code async public Task<HttpResponseMessage> DeleteDeployment( string deploymentName) { string xml = string.Empty; String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices/{1}/deployments/{2}", _subscriptionid, deploymentName, deploymentName); HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); HttpResponseMessage responseMessage = await http.DeleteAsync(uri); return responseMessage; }  5.2 Delete Hosted Service Request URI https://management.core.windows.net/<subscription-id>/services/hostedservices/<service-name> HTTP Method DELETE (HTTP 1.1) Headers x-ms-version: 2012-03-01 Body None. C# code async public Task<HttpResponseMessage> DeleteService(string serviceName) { string xml = string.Empty; String uri = String.Format("https://management.core.windows.net/{0}/services/hostedservices/{1}", _subscriptionid, serviceName); Log.Info("Windows Azure URI (http DELETE verb): " + uri, typeof(VMManager)); HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); HttpResponseMessage responseMessage = await http.DeleteAsync(uri); return responseMessage; }  And the following is the method which can used to delete both of deployment and service async public Task<string> DeleteVM(string vmName) { string responseString = string.Empty;   // as a convention here in this post, a unified name used for service, deployment and VM instance to make it easy to manage VMs HttpClient http = GetHttpClient(); HttpResponseMessage responseMessage = await DeleteDeployment(vmName);   if (responseMessage != null) {   string requestID = responseMessage.Headers.GetValues("x-ms-request-id").FirstOrDefault(); OperationResult result = await PollGetOperationStatus(requestID, 5, 120); if (result.Status == OperationStatus.Succeeded) { responseString = result.Message; HttpResponseMessage sResponseMessage = await DeleteService(vmName); if (sResponseMessage != null) { OperationResult sResult = await PollGetOperationStatus(requestID, 5, 120); responseString += sResult.Message; } } else { responseString = result.Message; } } return responseString; }  Note: This article is subject to be updated Hisham  References Advanced Windows Azure IaaS – Demo Code Windows Azure Service Management REST API Reference Introduction to the Azure Platform Representational state transfer Asynchronous Programming with Async and Await (C# and Visual Basic) HttpClient Class

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  • When is a SQL function not a function?

    - by Rob Farley
    Should SQL Server even have functions? (Oh yeah – this is a T-SQL Tuesday post, hosted this month by Brad Schulz) Functions serve an important part of programming, in almost any language. A function is a piece of code that is designed to return something, as opposed to a piece of code which isn’t designed to return anything (which is known as a procedure). SQL Server is no different. You can call stored procedures, even from within other stored procedures, and you can call functions and use these in other queries. Stored procedures might query something, and therefore ‘return data’, but a function in SQL is considered to have the type of the thing returned, and can be used accordingly in queries. Consider the internal GETDATE() function. SELECT GETDATE(), SomeDatetimeColumn FROM dbo.SomeTable; There’s no logical difference between the field that is being returned by the function and the field that’s being returned by the table column. Both are the datetime field – if you didn’t have inside knowledge, you wouldn’t necessarily be able to tell which was which. And so as developers, we find ourselves wanting to create functions that return all kinds of things – functions which look up values based on codes, functions which do string manipulation, and so on. But it’s rubbish. Ok, it’s not all rubbish, but it mostly is. And this isn’t even considering the SARGability impact. It’s far more significant than that. (When I say the SARGability aspect, I mean “because you’re unlikely to have an index on the result of some function that’s applied to a column, so try to invert the function and query the column in an unchanged manner”) I’m going to consider the three main types of user-defined functions in SQL Server: Scalar Inline Table-Valued Multi-statement Table-Valued I could also look at user-defined CLR functions, including aggregate functions, but not today. I figure that most people don’t tend to get around to doing CLR functions, and I’m going to focus on the T-SQL-based user-defined functions. Most people split these types of function up into two types. So do I. Except that most people pick them based on ‘scalar or table-valued’. I’d rather go with ‘inline or not’. If it’s not inline, it’s rubbish. It really is. Let’s start by considering the two kinds of table-valued function, and compare them. These functions are going to return the sales for a particular salesperson in a particular year, from the AdventureWorks database. CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_inline(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS TABLE AS  RETURN (     SELECT e.LoginID as EmployeeLogin, o.OrderDate, o.SalesOrderID     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101') ) ; GO CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_multi(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS @results TABLE (     EmployeeLogin nvarchar(512),     OrderDate datetime,     SalesOrderID int     ) AS BEGIN     INSERT @results (EmployeeLogin, OrderDate, SalesOrderID)     SELECT e.LoginID, o.OrderDate, o.SalesOrderID     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101')     ;     RETURN END ; GO You’ll notice that I’m being nice and responsible with the use of the DATEADD function, so that I have SARGability on the OrderDate filter. Regular readers will be hoping I’ll show what’s going on in the execution plans here. Here I’ve run two SELECT * queries with the “Show Actual Execution Plan” option turned on. Notice that the ‘Query cost’ of the multi-statement version is just 2% of the ‘Batch cost’. But also notice there’s trickery going on. And it’s nothing to do with that extra index that I have on the OrderDate column. Trickery. Look at it – clearly, the first plan is showing us what’s going on inside the function, but the second one isn’t. The second one is blindly running the function, and then scanning the results. There’s a Sequence operator which is calling the TVF operator, and then calling a Table Scan to get the results of that function for the SELECT operator. But surely it still has to do all the work that the first one is doing... To see what’s actually going on, let’s look at the Estimated plan. Now, we see the same plans (almost) that we saw in the Actuals, but we have an extra one – the one that was used for the TVF. Here’s where we see the inner workings of it. You’ll probably recognise the right-hand side of the TVF’s plan as looking very similar to the first plan – but it’s now being called by a stack of other operators, including an INSERT statement to be able to populate the table variable that the multi-statement TVF requires. And the cost of the TVF is 57% of the batch! But it gets worse. Let’s consider what happens if we don’t need all the columns. We’ll leave out the EmployeeLogin column. Here, we see that the inline function call has been simplified down. It doesn’t need the Employee table. The join is redundant and has been eliminated from the plan, making it even cheaper. But the multi-statement plan runs the whole thing as before, only removing the extra column when the Table Scan is performed. A multi-statement function is a lot more powerful than an inline one. An inline function can only be the result of a single sub-query. It’s essentially the same as a parameterised view, because views demonstrate this same behaviour of extracting the definition of the view and using it in the outer query. A multi-statement function is clearly more powerful because it can contain far more complex logic. But a multi-statement function isn’t really a function at all. It’s a stored procedure. It’s wrapped up like a function, but behaves like a stored procedure. It would be completely unreasonable to expect that a stored procedure could be simplified down to recognise that not all the columns might be needed, but yet this is part of the pain associated with this procedural function situation. The biggest clue that a multi-statement function is more like a stored procedure than a function is the “BEGIN” and “END” statements that surround the code. If you try to create a multi-statement function without these statements, you’ll get an error – they are very much required. When I used to present on this kind of thing, I even used to call it “The Dangers of BEGIN and END”, and yes, I’ve written about this type of thing before in a similarly-named post over at my old blog. Now how about scalar functions... Suppose we wanted a scalar function to return the count of these. CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_scalar(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS int AS BEGIN     RETURN (         SELECT COUNT(*)         FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o         LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e         ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID         WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid         AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')         AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101')     ); END ; GO Notice the evil words? They’re required. Try to remove them, you just get an error. That’s right – any scalar function is procedural, despite the fact that you wrap up a sub-query inside that RETURN statement. It’s as ugly as anything. Hopefully this will change in future versions. Let’s have a look at how this is reflected in an execution plan. Here’s a query, its Actual plan, and its Estimated plan: SELECT e.LoginID, y.year, dbo.FetchSales_scalar(p.SalesPersonID, y.year) AS NumSales FROM (VALUES (2001),(2002),(2003),(2004)) AS y (year) CROSS JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS p LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e ON e.EmployeeID = p.SalesPersonID; We see here that the cost of the scalar function is about twice that of the outer query. Nicely, the query optimizer has worked out that it doesn’t need the Employee table, but that’s a bit of a red herring here. There’s actually something way more significant going on. If I look at the properties of that UDF operator, it tells me that the Estimated Subtree Cost is 0.337999. If I just run the query SELECT dbo.FetchSales_scalar(281,2003); we see that the UDF cost is still unchanged. You see, this 0.0337999 is the cost of running the scalar function ONCE. But when we ran that query with the CROSS JOIN in it, we returned quite a few rows. 68 in fact. Could’ve been a lot more, if we’d had more salespeople or more years. And so we come to the biggest problem. This procedure (I don’t want to call it a function) is getting called 68 times – each one between twice as expensive as the outer query. And because it’s calling it in a separate context, there is even more overhead that I haven’t considered here. The cheek of it, to say that the Compute Scalar operator here costs 0%! I know a number of IT projects that could’ve used that kind of costing method, but that’s another story that I’m not going to go into here. Let’s look at a better way. Suppose our scalar function had been implemented as an inline one. Then it could have been expanded out like a sub-query. It could’ve run something like this: SELECT e.LoginID, y.year, (SELECT COUNT(*)     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = p.SalesPersonID     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,y.year-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,y.year-2000+1,'20000101')     ) AS NumSales FROM (VALUES (2001),(2002),(2003),(2004)) AS y (year) CROSS JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS p LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e ON e.EmployeeID = p.SalesPersonID; Don’t worry too much about the Scan of the SalesOrderHeader underneath a Nested Loop. If you remember from plenty of other posts on the matter, execution plans don’t push the data through. That Scan only runs once. The Index Spool sucks the data out of it and populates a structure that is used to feed the Stream Aggregate. The Index Spool operator gets called 68 times, but the Scan only once (the Number of Executions property demonstrates this). Here, the Query Optimizer has a full picture of what’s being asked, and can make the appropriate decision about how it accesses the data. It can simplify it down properly. To get this kind of behaviour from a function, we need it to be inline. But without inline scalar functions, we need to make our function be table-valued. Luckily, that’s ok. CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_inline2(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS table AS RETURN (SELECT COUNT(*) as NumSales     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101') ); GO But we can’t use this as a scalar. Instead, we need to use it with the APPLY operator. SELECT e.LoginID, y.year, n.NumSales FROM (VALUES (2001),(2002),(2003),(2004)) AS y (year) CROSS JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS p LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e ON e.EmployeeID = p.SalesPersonID OUTER APPLY dbo.FetchSales_inline2(p.SalesPersonID, y.year) AS n; And now, we get the plan that we want for this query. All we’ve done is tell the function that it’s returning a table instead of a single value, and removed the BEGIN and END statements. We’ve had to name the column being returned, but what we’ve gained is an actual inline simplifiable function. And if we wanted it to return multiple columns, it could do that too. I really consider this function to be superior to the scalar function in every way. It does need to be handled differently in the outer query, but in many ways it’s a more elegant method there too. The function calls can be put amongst the FROM clause, where they can then be used in the WHERE or GROUP BY clauses without fear of calling the function multiple times (another horrible side effect of functions). So please. If you see BEGIN and END in a function, remember it’s not really a function, it’s a procedure. And then fix it. @rob_farley

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  • Developing custom MBeans to manage J2EE Applications (Part III)

    - by philippe Le Mouel
    This is the third and final part in a series of blogs, that demonstrate how to add management capability to your own application using JMX MBeans. In Part I we saw: How to implement a custom MBean to manage configuration associated with an application. How to package the resulting code and configuration as part of the application's ear file. How to register MBeans upon application startup, and unregistered them upon application stop (or undeployment). How to use generic JMX clients such as JConsole to browse and edit our application's MBean. In Part II we saw: How to add localized descriptions to our MBean, MBean attributes, MBean operations and MBean operation parameters. How to specify meaningful name to our MBean operation parameters. We also touched on future enhancements that will simplify how we can implement localized MBeans. In this third and last part, we will re-write our MBean to simplify how we added localized descriptions. To do so we will take advantage of the functionality we already described in part II and that is now part of WebLogic 10.3.3.0. We will show how to take advantage of WebLogic's localization support to localize our MBeans based on the client's Locale independently of the server's Locale. Each client will see MBean descriptions localized based on his/her own Locale. We will show how to achieve this using JConsole, and also using a sample programmatic JMX Java client. The complete code sample and associated build files for part III are available as a zip file. The code has been tested against WebLogic Server 10.3.3.0 and JDK6. To build and deploy our sample application, please follow the instruction provided in Part I, as they also apply to part III's code and associated zip file. Providing custom descriptions take II In part II we localized our MBean descriptions by extending the StandardMBean class and overriding its many getDescription methods. WebLogic 10.3.3.0 similarly to JDK 7 can automatically localize MBean descriptions as long as those are specified according to the following conventions: Descriptions resource bundle keys are named according to: MBean description: <MBeanInterfaceClass>.mbean MBean attribute description: <MBeanInterfaceClass>.attribute.<AttributeName> MBean operation description: <MBeanInterfaceClass>.operation.<OperationName> MBean operation parameter description: <MBeanInterfaceClass>.operation.<OperationName>.<ParameterName> MBean constructor description: <MBeanInterfaceClass>.constructor.<ConstructorName> MBean constructor parameter description: <MBeanInterfaceClass>.constructor.<ConstructorName>.<ParameterName> We also purposely named our resource bundle class MBeanDescriptions and included it as part of the same package as our MBean. We already followed the above conventions when creating our resource bundle in part II, and our default resource bundle class with English descriptions looks like: package blog.wls.jmx.appmbean; import java.util.ListResourceBundle; public class MBeanDescriptions extends ListResourceBundle { protected Object[][] getContents() { return new Object[][] { {"PropertyConfigMXBean.mbean", "MBean used to manage persistent application properties"}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.attribute.Properties", "Properties associated with the running application"}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty", "Create a new property, or change the value of an existing property"}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty.key", "Name that identify the property to set."}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty.value", "Value for the property being set"}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.getProperty", "Get the value for an existing property"}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.getProperty.key", "Name that identify the property to be retrieved"} }; } } We have now also added a resource bundle with French localized descriptions: package blog.wls.jmx.appmbean; import java.util.ListResourceBundle; public class MBeanDescriptions_fr extends ListResourceBundle { protected Object[][] getContents() { return new Object[][] { {"PropertyConfigMXBean.mbean", "Manage proprietes sauvegarde dans un fichier disque."}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.attribute.Properties", "Proprietes associee avec l'application en cour d'execution"}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty", "Construit une nouvelle proprietee, ou change la valeur d'une proprietee existante."}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty.key", "Nom de la propriete dont la valeur est change."}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty.value", "Nouvelle valeur"}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.getProperty", "Retourne la valeur d'une propriete existante."}, {"PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.getProperty.key", "Nom de la propriete a retrouver."} }; } } So now we can just remove the many getDescriptions methods from our MBean code, and have a much cleaner: package blog.wls.jmx.appmbean; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Map; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Properties; import javax.management.MBeanServer; import javax.management.ObjectName; import javax.management.MBeanRegistration; import javax.management.StandardMBean; import javax.management.MBeanOperationInfo; import javax.management.MBeanParameterInfo; public class PropertyConfig extends StandardMBean implements PropertyConfigMXBean, MBeanRegistration { private String relativePath_ = null; private Properties props_ = null; private File resource_ = null; private static Map operationsParamNames_ = null; static { operationsParamNames_ = new HashMap(); operationsParamNames_.put("setProperty", new String[] {"key", "value"}); operationsParamNames_.put("getProperty", new String[] {"key"}); } public PropertyConfig(String relativePath) throws Exception { super(PropertyConfigMXBean.class , true); props_ = new Properties(); relativePath_ = relativePath; } public String setProperty(String key, String value) throws IOException { String oldValue = null; if (value == null) { oldValue = String.class.cast(props_.remove(key)); } else { oldValue = String.class.cast(props_.setProperty(key, value)); } save(); return oldValue; } public String getProperty(String key) { return props_.getProperty(key); } public Map getProperties() { return (Map) props_; } private void load() throws IOException { InputStream is = new FileInputStream(resource_); try { props_.load(is); } finally { is.close(); } } private void save() throws IOException { OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(resource_); try { props_.store(os, null); } finally { os.close(); } } public ObjectName preRegister(MBeanServer server, ObjectName name) throws Exception { // MBean must be registered from an application thread // to have access to the application ClassLoader ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); URL resourceUrl = cl.getResource(relativePath_); resource_ = new File(resourceUrl.toURI()); load(); return name; } public void postRegister(Boolean registrationDone) { } public void preDeregister() throws Exception {} public void postDeregister() {} protected String getParameterName(MBeanOperationInfo op, MBeanParameterInfo param, int sequence) { return operationsParamNames_.get(op.getName())[sequence]; } } The only reason we are still extending the StandardMBean class, is to override the default values for our operations parameters name. If this isn't a concern, then one could just write the following code: package blog.wls.jmx.appmbean; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Properties; import javax.management.MBeanServer; import javax.management.ObjectName; import javax.management.MBeanRegistration; import javax.management.StandardMBean; import javax.management.MBeanOperationInfo; import javax.management.MBeanParameterInfo; public class PropertyConfig implements PropertyConfigMXBean, MBeanRegistration { private String relativePath_ = null; private Properties props_ = null; private File resource_ = null; public PropertyConfig(String relativePath) throws Exception { props_ = new Properties(); relativePath_ = relativePath; } public String setProperty(String key, String value) throws IOException { String oldValue = null; if (value == null) { oldValue = String.class.cast(props_.remove(key)); } else { oldValue = String.class.cast(props_.setProperty(key, value)); } save(); return oldValue; } public String getProperty(String key) { return props_.getProperty(key); } public Map getProperties() { return (Map) props_; } private void load() throws IOException { InputStream is = new FileInputStream(resource_); try { props_.load(is); } finally { is.close(); } } private void save() throws IOException { OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(resource_); try { props_.store(os, null); } finally { os.close(); } } public ObjectName preRegister(MBeanServer server, ObjectName name) throws Exception { // MBean must be registered from an application thread // to have access to the application ClassLoader ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); URL resourceUrl = cl.getResource(relativePath_); resource_ = new File(resourceUrl.toURI()); load(); return name; } public void postRegister(Boolean registrationDone) { } public void preDeregister() throws Exception {} public void postDeregister() {} } Note: The above would also require changing the operations parameters name in the resource bundle classes. For instance: PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty.key would become: PropertyConfigMXBean.operation.setProperty.p0 Client based localization When accessing our MBean using JConsole started with the following command line: jconsole -J-Djava.class.path=$JAVA_HOME/lib/jconsole.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar: $WL_HOME/server/lib/wljmxclient.jar -J-Djmx.remote.protocol.provider.pkgs=weblogic.management.remote -debug We see that our MBean descriptions are localized according to the WebLogic's server Locale. English in this case: Note: Consult Part I for information on how to use JConsole to browse/edit our MBean. Now if we specify the client's Locale as part of the JConsole command line as follow: jconsole -J-Djava.class.path=$JAVA_HOME/lib/jconsole.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar: $WL_HOME/server/lib/wljmxclient.jar -J-Djmx.remote.protocol.provider.pkgs=weblogic.management.remote -J-Dweblogic.management.remote.locale=fr-FR -debug We see that our MBean descriptions are now localized according to the specified client's Locale. French in this case: We use the weblogic.management.remote.locale system property to specify the Locale that should be associated with the cient's JMX connections. The value is composed of the client's language code and its country code separated by the - character. The country code is not required, and can be omitted. For instance: -Dweblogic.management.remote.locale=fr We can also specify the client's Locale using a programmatic client as demonstrated below: package blog.wls.jmx.appmbean.client; import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection; import javax.management.ObjectName; import javax.management.MBeanInfo; import javax.management.remote.JMXConnector; import javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL; import javax.management.remote.JMXConnectorFactory; import java.util.Hashtable; import java.util.Set; import java.util.Locale; public class JMXClient { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { JMXConnector jmxCon = null; try { JMXServiceURL serviceUrl = new JMXServiceURL( "service:jmx:iiop://127.0.0.1:7001/jndi/weblogic.management.mbeanservers.runtime"); System.out.println("Connecting to: " + serviceUrl); // properties associated with the connection Hashtable env = new Hashtable(); env.put(JMXConnectorFactory.PROTOCOL_PROVIDER_PACKAGES, "weblogic.management.remote"); String[] credentials = new String[2]; credentials[0] = "weblogic"; credentials[1] = "weblogic"; env.put(JMXConnector.CREDENTIALS, credentials); // specifies the client's Locale env.put("weblogic.management.remote.locale", Locale.FRENCH); jmxCon = JMXConnectorFactory.newJMXConnector(serviceUrl, env); jmxCon.connect(); MBeanServerConnection con = jmxCon.getMBeanServerConnection(); Set mbeans = con.queryNames( new ObjectName( "blog.wls.jmx.appmbean:name=myAppProperties,type=PropertyConfig,*"), null); for (ObjectName mbeanName : mbeans) { System.out.println("\n\nMBEAN: " + mbeanName); MBeanInfo minfo = con.getMBeanInfo(mbeanName); System.out.println("MBean Description: "+minfo.getDescription()); System.out.println("\n"); } } finally { // release the connection if (jmxCon != null) jmxCon.close(); } } } The above client code is part of the zip file associated with this blog, and can be run using the provided client.sh script. The resulting output is shown below: $ ./client.sh Connecting to: service:jmx:iiop://127.0.0.1:7001/jndi/weblogic.management.mbeanservers.runtime MBEAN: blog.wls.jmx.appmbean:type=PropertyConfig,name=myAppProperties MBean Description: Manage proprietes sauvegarde dans un fichier disque. $ Miscellaneous Using Description annotation to specify MBean descriptions Earlier we have seen how to name our MBean descriptions resource keys, so that WebLogic 10.3.3.0 automatically uses them to localize our MBean. In some cases we might want to implicitly specify the resource key, and resource bundle. For instance when operations are overloaded, and the operation name is no longer sufficient to uniquely identify a single operation. In this case we can use the Description annotation provided by WebLogic as follow: import weblogic.management.utils.Description; @Description(resourceKey="myapp.resources.TestMXBean.description", resourceBundleBaseName="myapp.resources.MBeanResources") public interface TestMXBean { @Description(resourceKey="myapp.resources.TestMXBean.threshold.description", resourceBundleBaseName="myapp.resources.MBeanResources" ) public int getthreshold(); @Description(resourceKey="myapp.resources.TestMXBean.reset.description", resourceBundleBaseName="myapp.resources.MBeanResources") public int reset( @Description(resourceKey="myapp.resources.TestMXBean.reset.id.description", resourceBundleBaseName="myapp.resources.MBeanResources", displayNameKey= "myapp.resources.TestMXBean.reset.id.displayName.description") int id); } The Description annotation should be applied to the MBean interface. It can be used to specify MBean, MBean attributes, MBean operations, and MBean operation parameters descriptions as demonstrated above. Retrieving the Locale associated with a JMX operation from the MBean code There are several cases where it is necessary to retrieve the Locale associated with a JMX call from the MBean implementation. For instance this can be useful when localizing exception messages. This can be done as follow: import weblogic.management.mbeanservers.JMXContextUtil; ...... // some MBean method implementation public String setProperty(String key, String value) throws IOException { Locale callersLocale = JMXContextUtil.getLocale(); // use callersLocale to localize Exception messages or // potentially some return values such a Date .... } Conclusion With this last part we conclude our three part series on how to write MBeans to manage J2EE applications. We are far from having exhausted this particular topic, but we have gone a long way and are now capable to take advantage of the latest functionality provided by WebLogic's application server to write user friendly MBeans.

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  • Creating a new instance, C#

    - by Dave Voyles
    This sounds like a very n00b question, but bear with me here: I'm trying to access the position of my bat (paddle) in my pong game and use it in my ball class. I'm doing this because I want a particle effect to go off at the point of contact where the ball hits the bat. Each time the ball hits the bat, I receive an error stating that I haven't created an instance of the bat. I understand that I have to (or can use a static class), but I'm not sure of how to do so in this example. I've included both my Bat and Ball classes. namespace Pong { #region Using Statements using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; #endregion public class Ball { #region Fields private readonly Random rand; private readonly Texture2D texture; private readonly SoundEffect warp; private double direction; private bool isVisible; private float moveSpeed; private Vector2 position; private Vector2 resetPos; private Rectangle size; private float speed; private bool isResetting; private bool collided; private Vector2 oldPos; private ParticleEngine particleEngine; private ContentManager contentManager; private SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private bool hasHitBat; private AIBat aiBat; private Bat bat; #endregion #region Constructors and Destructors /// <summary> /// Constructor for the ball /// </summary> public Ball(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 ScreenSize) { moveSpeed = 15f; speed = 0; texture = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/balls/redBall"); direction = 0; size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); resetPos = new Vector2(ScreenSize.X / 2, ScreenSize.Y / 2); position = resetPos; rand = new Random(); isVisible = true; hasHitBat = false; // Everything to do with particles List<Texture2D> textures = new List<Texture2D>(); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/circle")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/star")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/diamond")); particleEngine = new ParticleEngine(textures, new Vector2()); } #endregion #region Public Methods and Operators /// <summary> /// Checks for the collision between the bat and the ball. Sends ball in the appropriate /// direction /// </summary> public void BatHit(int block) { if (direction > Math.PI * 1.5f || direction < Math.PI * 0.5f) { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(aiBat.Position.X, aiBat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(200); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(195); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(165); break; } } else { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(bat.Position.X, bat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(310); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(345); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(0); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(15); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(50); break; } } if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("hit"); } /// <summary> /// JEP - added method to slow down ball after powerup deactivates /// </summary> public void DecreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed -= 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Draws the ball on the screen /// </summary> public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { if (isVisible) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(texture, size, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Draws sprites for particles when contact is made particleEngine.Draw(spriteBatch); } } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current direction of the ball /// </summary> public double GetDirection() { return direction; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the ball /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current size of the ball (for the powerups) /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Grows the size of the ball when the GrowBall powerup is used. /// </summary> public void GrowBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width * 2, texture.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Was used to increased the speed of the ball after each point is scored. /// No longer used, but am considering implementing again. /// </summary> public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal size after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalBallSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal speed after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSpeed() { moveSpeed += 15f; } /// <summary> /// Checks to see if ball went out of bounds, and triggers warp sfx /// </summary> public void OutOfBounds() { // Checks if the player is still alive or not if (isResetting) { AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("warp"); { // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = false; AudioManager.Instance.Dispose(); } } } /// <summary> /// Speed for the ball when Speedball powerup is activated /// </summary> public void PowerupSpeed() { moveSpeed += 20.0f; } /// <summary> /// Check for where to reset the ball after each point is scored /// </summary> public void Reset(bool left) { if (left) { direction = 0; } else { direction = Math.PI; } // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = true; position = resetPos; // Resets the ball to the center of the screen isVisible = true; speed = 15f; // Returns the ball back to the default speed, in case the speedBall was active if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } } /// <summary> /// Shrinks the ball when the ShrinkBall powerup is activated /// </summary> public void ShrinkBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width / 2, texture.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Stops the ball each time it is reset. Ex: Between points / rounds /// </summary> public void Stop() { isVisible = true; speed = 0; } /// <summary> /// Updates position of the ball /// </summary> public void UpdatePosition() { size.X = (int)position.X; size.Y = (int)position.Y; oldPos.X = position.X; oldPos.Y = position.Y; position.X += speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y += speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); bool collided = CheckWallHit(); particleEngine.Update(); // Stops the issue where ball was oscillating on the ceiling or floor if (collided) { position.X = oldPos.X + speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y = oldPos.Y + speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); } } #endregion #region Methods /// <summary> /// Checks for collision with the ceiling or floor. 2*Math.pi = 360 degrees /// </summary> private bool CheckWallHit() { while (direction > 2 * Math.PI) { direction -= 2 * Math.PI; return true; } while (direction < 0) { direction += 2 * Math.PI; return true; } if (position.Y <= 0 || (position.Y > resetPos.Y * 2 - size.Height)) { direction = 2 * Math.PI - direction; return true; } return true; } #endregion } } namespace Pong { using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using System; public class Bat { public Vector2 Position; public float moveSpeed; public Rectangle size; private int points; private int yHeight; private Texture2D leftBat; public float turbo; public float recharge; public float interval; public bool isTurbo; /// <summary> /// Constructor for the bat /// </summary> public Bat(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 screenSize, bool side) { moveSpeed = 7f; turbo = 15f; recharge = 100f; points = 0; interval = 5f; leftBat = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/bats/batGrey"); size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); // True means left bat, false means right bat. if (side) Position = new Vector2(30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); else Position = new Vector2(screenSize.X - 30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); yHeight = (int)screenSize.Y; } public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += .5f; } /// <summary> /// The speed of the bat when Turbo is activated /// </summary> public void Turbo() { moveSpeed += 8.0f; } /// <summary> /// Returns the speed of the bat back to normal after Turbo is deactivated /// </summary> public void DisableTurbo() { moveSpeed = 7.0f; isTurbo = false; } /// <summary> /// Returns the bat to the nrmal size after the Grow/Shrink powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); } /// <summary> /// Checks for the size of the bat /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Adds point to the player or the AI after scoring. Currently Disabled. /// </summary> public void IncrementPoints() { points++; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the number of points at the moment /// </summary> public int GetPoints() { return points; } /// <summary> /// Sets thedefault starting position for the bats /// </summary> /// <param name="position"></param> public void SetPosition(Vector2 position) { if (position.Y < 0) { position.Y = 0; } if (position.Y > yHeight - size.Height) { position.Y = yHeight - size.Height; } this.Position = position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the bat /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return Position; } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving up the screen /// </summary> public void MoveUp() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, -moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving down the screen /// </summary> public void MoveDown() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Updates the position of the AI bat, in order to track the ball /// </summary> /// <param name="ball"></param> public virtual void UpdatePosition(Ball ball) { size.X = (int)Position.X; size.Y = (int)Position.Y; } /// <summary> /// Resets the bat to the center location after a new game starts /// </summary> public void ResetPosition() { SetPosition(new Vector2(GetPosition().X, yHeight / 2 - size.Height)); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Growbat powerup /// </summary> public void GrowBat() { // Doubles the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width * 2, leftBat.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Shrinkbat powerup /// </summary> public void ShrinkBat() { // 1/2 the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width / 2, leftBat.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Draws the bats /// </summary> public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(leftBat, size, Color.White); } } }

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  • Render To Texture Using OpenGL is not working but normal rendering works just fine

    - by Franky Rivera
    things I initialize at the beginning of the program I realize not all of these pertain to my issue I just copy and pasted what I had //overall initialized //things openGL related I initialize earlier on in the project glClearColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); glClearDepth( 1.0f ); glEnable(GL_ALPHA_TEST); glEnable( GL_STENCIL_TEST ); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc( GL_LEQUAL ); glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); glFrontFace( GL_CCW ); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glHint( GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST ); //we also initialize our shader programs //(i added some shader program functions for definitions) //this enum list is else where in code //i figured it would help show you guys more about my //shader compile creation function right under this enum list VVVVVV /*enum eSHADER_ATTRIB_LOCATION { VERTEX_ATTRIB = 0, NORMAL_ATTRIB = 2, COLOR_ATTRIB, COLOR2_ATTRIB, FOG_COORD, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB0 = 8, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB1, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB2, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB3, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB4, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB5, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB6, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB7 }; */ //if we fail making our shader leave if( !testShader.CreateShader( "SimpleShader.vp", "SimpleShader.fp", 3, VERTEX_ATTRIB, "vVertexPos", NORMAL_ATTRIB, "vNormal", TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB0, "vTexCoord" ) ) return false; if( !testScreenShader.CreateShader( "ScreenShader.vp", "ScreenShader.fp", 3, VERTEX_ATTRIB, "vVertexPos", NORMAL_ATTRIB, "vNormal", TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB0, "vTexCoord" ) ) return false; SHADER PROGRAM FUNCTIONS bool CShaderProgram::CreateShader( const char* szVertexShaderName, const char* szFragmentShaderName, ... ) { //here are our handles for the openGL shaders int iGLVertexShaderHandle = -1, iGLFragmentShaderHandle = -1; //get our shader data char *vData = 0, *fData = 0; int vLength = 0, fLength = 0; LoadShaderFile( szVertexShaderName, &vData, &vLength ); LoadShaderFile( szFragmentShaderName, &fData, &fLength ); //data if( !vData ) return false; //data if( !fData ) { delete[] vData; return false; } //create both our shader objects iGLVertexShaderHandle = glCreateShader( GL_VERTEX_SHADER ); iGLFragmentShaderHandle = glCreateShader( GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER ); //well we got this far so we have dynamic data to clean up //load vertex shader glShaderSource( iGLVertexShaderHandle, 1, (const char**)(&vData), &vLength ); //load fragment shader glShaderSource( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, 1, (const char**)(&fData), &fLength ); //we are done with our data delete it delete[] vData; delete[] fData; //compile them both glCompileShader( iGLVertexShaderHandle ); //get shader status int iShaderOk; glGetShaderiv( iGLVertexShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iShaderOk ); if( iShaderOk == GL_FALSE ) { char* buffer; //get what happend with our shader glGetShaderiv( iGLVertexShaderHandle, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &iShaderOk ); buffer = new char[iShaderOk]; glGetShaderInfoLog( iGLVertexShaderHandle, iShaderOk, NULL, buffer ); //sprintf_s( buffer, "Failure Our Object For %s was not created", szFileName ); MessageBoxA( NULL, buffer, szVertexShaderName, MB_OK ); //delete our dynamic data free( buffer ); glDeleteShader(iGLVertexShaderHandle); return false; } glCompileShader( iGLFragmentShaderHandle ); //get shader status glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iShaderOk ); if( iShaderOk == GL_FALSE ) { char* buffer; //get what happend with our shader glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &iShaderOk ); buffer = new char[iShaderOk]; glGetShaderInfoLog( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, iShaderOk, NULL, buffer ); //sprintf_s( buffer, "Failure Our Object For %s was not created", szFileName ); MessageBoxA( NULL, buffer, szFragmentShaderName, MB_OK ); //delete our dynamic data free( buffer ); glDeleteShader(iGLFragmentShaderHandle); return false; } //lets check to see if the fragment shader compiled int iCompiled = 0; glGetShaderiv( iGLVertexShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iCompiled ); if( !iCompiled ) { //this shader did not compile leave return false; } //lets check to see if the fragment shader compiled glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iCompiled ); if( !iCompiled ) { char* buffer; //get what happend with our shader glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &iShaderOk ); buffer = new char[iShaderOk]; glGetShaderInfoLog( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, iShaderOk, NULL, buffer ); //sprintf_s( buffer, "Failure Our Object For %s was not created", szFileName ); MessageBoxA( NULL, buffer, szFragmentShaderName, MB_OK ); //delete our dynamic data free( buffer ); glDeleteShader(iGLFragmentShaderHandle); return false; } //make our new shader program m_iShaderProgramHandle = glCreateProgram(); glAttachShader( m_iShaderProgramHandle, iGLVertexShaderHandle ); glAttachShader( m_iShaderProgramHandle, iGLFragmentShaderHandle ); glLinkProgram( m_iShaderProgramHandle ); int iLinked = 0; glGetProgramiv( m_iShaderProgramHandle, GL_LINK_STATUS, &iLinked ); if( !iLinked ) { //we didn't link return false; } //NOW LETS CREATE ALL OUR HANDLES TO OUR PROPER LIKING //start from this parameter va_list parseList; va_start( parseList, szFragmentShaderName ); //read in number of variables if any unsigned uiNum = 0; uiNum = va_arg( parseList, unsigned ); //for loop through our attribute pairs int enumType = 0; for( unsigned x = 0; x < uiNum; ++x ) { //specify our attribute locations enumType = va_arg( parseList, int ); char* name = va_arg( parseList, char* ); glBindAttribLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, enumType, name ); } //end our list parsing va_end( parseList ); //relink specify //we have custom specified our attribute locations glLinkProgram( m_iShaderProgramHandle ); //fill our handles InitializeHandles( ); //everything went great return true; } void CShaderProgram::InitializeHandles( void ) { m_uihMVP = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mMVP" ); m_uihWorld = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mWorld" ); m_uihView = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mView" ); m_uihProjection = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mProjection" ); ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //texture handles m_uihDiffuseMap = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "diffuseMap" ); if( m_uihDiffuseMap != -1 ) { //store what texture index this handle will be in the shader glUniform1i( m_uihDiffuseMap, RM_DIFFUSE+GL_TEXTURE0 ); (0)+ } m_uihNormalMap = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "normalMap" ); if( m_uihNormalMap != -1 ) { //store what texture index this handle will be in the shader glUniform1i( m_uihNormalMap, RM_NORMAL+GL_TEXTURE0 ); (1)+ } } void CShaderProgram::SetDiffuseMap( const unsigned& uihDiffuseMap ) { (0)+ glActiveTexture( RM_DIFFUSE+GL_TEXTURE0 ); glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, uihDiffuseMap ); } void CShaderProgram::SetNormalMap( const unsigned& uihNormalMap ) { (1)+ glActiveTexture( RM_NORMAL+GL_TEXTURE0 ); glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, uihNormalMap ); } //MY 2 TEST SHADERS also my math order is correct it pertains to my matrix ordering in my math library once again i've tested the basic rendering. rendering to the screen works fine ----------------------------------------SIMPLE SHADER------------------------------------- //vertex shader looks like this #version 330 in vec3 vVertexPos; in vec3 vNormal; in vec2 vTexCoord; uniform mat4 mWorld; // Model Matrix uniform mat4 mView; // Camera View Matrix uniform mat4 mProjection;// Camera Projection Matrix out vec2 vTexCoordVary; // Texture coord to the fragment program out vec3 vNormalColor; void main( void ) { //pass the texture coordinate vTexCoordVary = vTexCoord; vNormalColor = vNormal; //calculate our model view projection matrix mat4 mMVP = (( mWorld * mView ) * mProjection ); //result our position gl_Position = vec4( vVertexPos, 1 ) * mMVP; } //fragment shader looks like this #version 330 in vec2 vTexCoordVary; in vec3 vNormalColor; uniform sampler2D diffuseMap; uniform sampler2D normalMap; out vec4 fragColor[2]; void main( void ) { //CORRECT fragColor[0] = texture( normalMap, vTexCoordVary ); fragColor[1] = vec4( vNormalColor, 1.0 ); }; ----------------------------------------SCREEN SHADER------------------------------------- //vertext shader looks like this #version 330 in vec3 vVertexPos; // This is the position of the vertex coming in in vec2 vTexCoord; // This is the texture coordinate.... out vec2 vTexCoordVary; // Texture coord to the fragment program void main( void ) { vTexCoordVary = vTexCoord; //set our position gl_Position = vec4( vVertexPos.xyz, 1.0f ); } //fragment shader looks like this #version 330 in vec2 vTexCoordVary; // Incoming "varying" texture coordinate uniform sampler2D diffuseMap;//the tile detail texture uniform sampler2D normalMap; //the normal map from earlier out vec4 vTheColorOfThePixel; void main( void ) { //CORRECT vTheColorOfThePixel = texture( normalMap, vTexCoordVary ); }; .Class RenderTarget Main Functions //here is my render targets create function bool CRenderTarget::Create( const unsigned uiNumTextures, unsigned uiWidth, unsigned uiHeight, int iInternalFormat, bool bDepthWanted ) { if( uiNumTextures <= 0 ) return false; //generate our variables glGenFramebuffers(1, &m_uifboHandle); // Initialize FBO glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_uifboHandle); m_uiNumTextures = uiNumTextures; if( bDepthWanted ) m_uiNumTextures += 1; m_uiTextureHandle = new unsigned int[uiNumTextures]; glGenTextures( uiNumTextures, m_uiTextureHandle ); for( unsigned x = 0; x < uiNumTextures-1; ++x ) { glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[x]); // Reserve space for our 2D render target glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, iInternalFormat, uiWidth, uiHeight, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL); glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + x, GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[x], 0); } //if we need one for depth testing if( bDepthWanted ) { glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1], 0); glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1], 0);*/ // Must attach texture to framebuffer. Has Stencil and depth glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1]); glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, /*GL_DEPTH_STENCIL*/GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, TEXTURE_WIDTH, TEXTURE_HEIGHT ); glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1]); glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1]); } glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0); //everything went fine return true; } void CRenderTarget::Bind( const int& iTargetAttachmentLoc, const unsigned& uiWhichTexture, const bool bBindFrameBuffer ) { if( bBindFrameBuffer ) glBindFramebuffer( GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_uifboHandle ); if( uiWhichTexture < m_uiNumTextures ) glFramebufferTexture(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + iTargetAttachmentLoc, m_uiTextureHandle[uiWhichTexture], 0); } void CRenderTarget::UnBind( void ) { //default our binding glBindFramebuffer( GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0 ); } //this is all in a test project so here's my straight forward rendering function for testing this render function does basic rendering steps keep in mind i have already tested my textures i have already tested my box thats being rendered all basic rendering works fine its just when i try to render to a texture then display it in a render surface that it does not work. Also I have tested my render surface it is bound exactly to the screen coordinate space void TestRenderSteps( void ) { //Clear the color and the depth glClearColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT ); //bind the shader program glUseProgram( testShader.m_iShaderProgramHandle ); //1) grab the vertex buffer related to our rendering glBindBuffer( GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionNormalTexBuffer().GetBufferHandle() ); //2) how our stream will be split here ( 4 bytes position, ..ext ) CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionNormalTexBuffer().MapVertexStride(); //3) set the index buffer if needed glBindBuffer( GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, CIndexBuffer::GetInstance()->GetBufferHandle() ); //send the needed information into the shader testShader.SetWorldMatrix( boxPosition ); testShader.SetViewMatrix( Static_Camera.GetView( ) ); testShader.SetProjectionMatrix( Static_Camera.GetProjection( ) ); testShader.SetDiffuseMap( iTextureID ); testShader.SetNormalMap( iTextureID2 ); GLenum buffers[] = { GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1 }; glDrawBuffers(2, buffers); //bind to our render target //RM_DIFFUSE, RM_NORMAL are enums (0 && 1) renderTarget.Bind( RM_DIFFUSE, 1, true ); renderTarget.Bind( RM_NORMAL, 1, false); //false because buffer is already bound //i clear here just to clear the texture to make it a default value of white //by doing this i can see if what im rendering to my screen is just drawing to the screen //or if its my render target defaulted glClearColor( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT ); //i have this box object which i draw testBox.Draw(); //the draw call looks like this //my normal rendering works just fine so i know this draw is fine // glDrawElementsBaseVertex( m_sides[x].GetPrimitiveType(), // m_sides[x].GetPrimitiveCount() * 3, // GL_UNSIGNED_INT, // BUFFER_OFFSET(sizeof(unsigned int) * m_sides[x].GetStartIndex()), // m_sides[x].GetStartVertex( ) ); //we unbind the target back to default renderTarget.UnBind(); //i stop mapping my vertex format CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionNormalTexBuffer().UnMapVertexStride(); //i go back to default in using no shader program glUseProgram( 0 ); //now that everything is drawn to the textures //lets draw our screen surface and pass it our 2 filled out textures //NOW RENDER THE TEXTURES WE COLLECTED TO THE SCREEN QUAD //bind the shader program glUseProgram( testScreenShader.m_iShaderProgramHandle ); //1) grab the vertex buffer related to our rendering glBindBuffer( GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionTexBuffer().GetBufferHandle() ); //2) how our stream will be split here CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionTexBuffer().MapVertexStride(); //3) set the index buffer if needed glBindBuffer( GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, CIndexBuffer::GetInstance()->GetBufferHandle() ); //pass our 2 filled out textures (in the shader im just using the diffuse //i wanted to see if i was rendering anything before i started getting into other techniques testScreenShader.SetDiffuseMap( renderTarget.GetTextureHandle(0) ); //SetDiffuseMap definitions in shader program class testScreenShader.SetNormalMap( renderTarget.GetTextureHandle(1) ); //SetNormalMap definitions in shader program class //DO the draw call drawing our screen rectangle glDrawElementsBaseVertex( m_ScreenRect.GetPrimitiveType(), m_ScreenRect.GetPrimitiveCount() * 3, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, BUFFER_OFFSET(sizeof(unsigned int) * m_ScreenRect.GetStartIndex()), m_ScreenRect.GetStartVertex( ) );*/ //unbind our vertex mapping CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionTexBuffer().UnMapVertexStride(); //default to no shader program glUseProgram( 0 ); } Last words: 1) I can render my box just fine 2) i can render my screen rect just fine 3) I cannot render my box into a texture then display it into my screen rect 4) This entire project is just a test project I made to test different rendering practices. So excuse any "ugly-ish" unclean code. This was made just on a fly run through when I was trying new test cases.

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  • Cannot see the variable In my own JQuery plugin's function.

    - by qinHaiXiang
    I am writing one of my own JQuery plugin. And I got some strange which make me confused. I am using JQuery UI datepicker with my plugin. ;(function($){ var newMW = 1, mwZIndex = 0; // IgtoMW contructor Igtomw = function(elem , options){ var activePanel, lastPanel, daysWithRecords, sliding; // used to check the animation below is executed to the end. // used to access the plugin's default configuration this.opts = $.extend({}, $.fn.igtomw.defaults, options); // intial the model window this.intialMW(); }; $.extend(Igtomw.prototype, { // intial model window intialMW : function(){ this.sliding = false; //this.daysWithRecords = []; this.igtoMW = $('<div />',{'id':'igto'+newMW,'class':'igtoMW',}) .css({'z-index':mwZIndex}) // make it in front of all exist model window; .appendTo('body') .draggable({ containment: 'parent' , handle: '.dragHandle' , distance: 5 }); //var igtoWrapper = igtoMW.append($('<div />',{'class':'igtoWrapper'})); this.igtoWrapper = $('<div />',{'class':'igtoWrapper'}).appendTo(this.igtoMW); this.igtoOpacityBody = $('<div />',{'class':'igtoOpacityBody'}).appendTo(this.igtoMW); //var igtoHeaderInfo = igtoWrapper.append($('<div />',{'class':'igtoHeaderInfo dragHandle'})); this.igtoHeaderInfo = $('<div />',{'class':'igtoHeaderInfo dragHandle'}) .appendTo(this.igtoWrapper); this.igtoQuickNavigation = $('<div />',{'class':'igtoQuickNavigation'}) .css({'color':'#fff'}) .appendTo(this.igtoWrapper); this.igtoContentSlider = $('<div />',{'class':'igtoContentSlider'}) .appendTo(this.igtoWrapper); this.igtoQuickMenu = $('<div />',{'class':'igtoQuickMenu'}) .appendTo(this.igtoWrapper); this.igtoFooter = $('<div />',{'class':'igtoFooter dragHandle'}) .appendTo(this.igtoWrapper); // append to igtoHeaderInfo this.headTitle = this.igtoHeaderInfo.append($('<div />',{'class':'headTitle'})); // append to igtoQuickNavigation this.igQuickNav = $('<div />', {'class':'igQuickNav'}) .html('??') .appendTo(this.igtoQuickNavigation); // append to igtoContentSlider this.igInnerPanelTopMenu = $('<div />',{'class':'igInnerPanelTopMenu'}) .appendTo(this.igtoContentSlider); this.igInnerPanelTopMenu.append('<div class="igInnerPanelButtonPreWrapper"><a href="" class="igInnerPanelButton Pre" action="" style="background-image:url(images/igto/igInnerPanelTopMenu.bt.bg.png);"></a></div>'); this.igInnerPanelTopMenu.append('<div class="igInnerPanelSearch"><input type="text" name="igInnerSearch" /><a href="" class="igInnerSearch">??</a></div>' ); this.igInnerPanelTopMenu.append('<div class="igInnerPanelButtonNextWrapper"><a href="" class="igInnerPanelButton Next" action="sm" style="background-image:url(images/igto/igInnerPanelTopMenu.bt.bg.png); background-position:-272px"></a></div>' ); this.igInnerPanelBottomMenu = $('<div />',{'class':'igInnerPanelBottomMenu'}) .appendTo(this.igtoContentSlider); this.icWrapper = $('<div />',{'class':'icWrapper','id':'igto'+newMW+'Panel'}) .appendTo(this.igtoContentSlider); this.icWrapperCotentPre = $('<div class="slider pre"></div>').appendTo(this.icWrapper); this.icWrapperCotentShow = $('<div class="slider firstShow "></div>').appendTo(this.icWrapper); this.icWrapperCotentnext = $('<div class="slider next"></div>').appendTo(this.icWrapper); this.initialPanel(); this.initialQuickMenus(); console.log(this.leftPad(9)); newMW++; mwZIndex++; this.igtoMW.bind('mousedown',function(){ var $this = $(this); //alert($this.css('z-index') + ' '+mwZIndex); if( parseInt($this.css('z-index')) === (mwZIndex-1) ) return; $this.css({'z-index':mwZIndex}); mwZIndex++; //alert(mwZIndex); }); }, initialPanel : function(){ this.defaultPanelNum = this.opts.initialPanel; this.activePanel = this.defaultPanelNum; this.lastPanel = this.defaultPanelNum; this.defaultPanel = this.loadPanelContents(this.defaultPanelNum); $(this.defaultPanel).appendTo(this.icWrapperCotentShow); }, initialQuickMenus : function(){ // store the current element var obj = this; var defaultQM = this.opts.initialQuickMenu; var strMenu = ''; var marginFirstEle = '8'; $.each(defaultQM,function(key,value){ //alert(key+':'+value); if(marginFirstEle === '8'){ strMenu += '<a href="" class="btPanel" panel="'+key+'" style="margin-left: 8px;" >'+value+'</a>'; marginFirstEle = '4'; } else{ strMenu += '<a href="" class="btPanel" panel="'+key+'" style="margin-left: 4px;" >'+value+'</a>'; } }); // append to igtoQuickMenu this.igtoQMenu = $(strMenu).appendTo(this.igtoQuickMenu); this.igtoQMenu.bind('click',function(event){ event.preventDefault(); var element = $(this); if(element.is('.active')){ return; } else{ $(obj.igtoQMenu).removeClass('active'); element.addClass('active'); } var d = new Date(); var year = d.getFullYear(); var month = obj.leftPad( d.getMonth() ); var inst = null; if( obj.sliding === false){ console.log(obj.lastPanel); var currentPanelNum = parseInt(element.attr('panel')); obj.checkAvailability(); obj.getDays(year,month,inst,currentPanelNum); obj.slidePanel(currentPanelNum); obj.activePanel = currentPanelNum; console.log(obj.activePanel); obj.lastPanel = obj.activePanel; obj.icWrapper.find('input').val(obj.activePanel); } }); }, initialLoginPanel : function(){ var obj = this; this.igPanelLogin = $('<div />',{'class':"igPanelLogin"}); this.igEnterName = $('<div />',{'class':"igEnterName"}).appendTo(this.igPanelLogin); this.igInput = $('<input type="text" name="name" value="???" />').appendTo(this.igEnterName); this.igtoLoginBtWrap = $('<div />',{'class':"igButtons"}).appendTo(this.igPanelLogin); this.igtoLoginBt = $('<a href="" class="igtoLoginBt" action="OK" >??</a>\ <a href="" class="igtoLoginBt" action="CANCEL" >??</a>\ <a href="" class="igtoLoginBt" action="ADD" >????</a>').appendTo(this.igtoLoginBtWrap); this.igtoLoginBt.bind('click',function(event){ event.preventDefault(); var elem = $(this); var action = elem.attr('action'); var userName = obj.igInput.val(); obj.loadRootMenu(); }); return this.igPanelLogin; }, initialWatchHistory : function(){ var obj = this; // for thirt part plugin used if(this.sliding === false){ this.watchHistory = $('<div />',{'class':'igInnerPanelSlider'}).append($('<div />',{'class':'igInnerPanel_pre'}).addClass('igInnerPanel')) .append($('<div />',{'class':'igInnerPanel'}).datepicker({ dateFormat: 'yy-mm-dd',defaultDate: '2010-12-01' ,showWeek: true,firstDay: 1, //beforeShow:setDateStatistics(), onChangeMonthYear:function(year, month, inst) { var panelNum = 1; month = obj.leftPad(month); obj.getDays(year,month,inst,panelNum); } , beforeShowDay: obj.checkAvailability, onSelect: function(dateText, inst) { obj.checkAvailability(); } }).append($('<div />',{'class':'extraMenu'})) ) .append($('<div />',{'class':'igInnerPanel_next'}).addClass('igInnerPanel')); return this.watchHistory; } }, loadPanelContents : function(panelNum){ switch(panelNum){ case 1: alert('inside loadPanelContents') return this.initialWatchHistory(); break; case 2: return this.initialWatchHistory(); break; case 3: return this.initialWatchHistory(); break; case 4: return this.initialWatchHistory(); break; case 5: return this.initialLoginPanel(); break; } }, loadRootMenu : function(){ var obj = this; var mainMenuPanel = $('<div />',{'class':'igRootMenu'}); var currentMWId = this.igtoMW.attr('id'); this.activePanel = 0; $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .pre'). queue(function(next){ $(this). html(mainMenuPanel). addClass('panelShow'). removeClass('pre'). attr('panelNum',0); next(); }). queue(function(next){ $('<div style="width:0;" class="slider pre"></div>'). prependTo('#'+currentMWId+'Panel').animate({width:348}, function(){ $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .slider:last').remove() $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .slider:last').replaceWith('<div class="slider next"></div>'); $('.btMenu').remove(); // remove bottom quick menu obj.sliding = false; $(this).removeAttr('style'); }); $('.igtoQuickMenu .active').removeClass('active'); next(); }); }, slidePanel : function(currentPanelNum){ var currentMWId = this.igtoMW.attr('id'); var obj = this; //alert(obj.loadPanelContents(currentPanelNum)); if( this.activePanel > currentPanelNum){ $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .pre'). queue(function(next){ alert('inside slidePanel') //var initialDate = getPanelDateStatus(panelNum); //console.log('intial day in bigger panel '+initialDate) $(this). html(obj.loadPanelContents(currentPanelNum)). addClass('panelShow'). removeClass('pre'). attr('panelNum',currentPanelNum); $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .next').remove(); next(); }). queue(function(next){ $('<div style="width:0;" class="slider pre"></div>'). prependTo('#'+currentMWId+'Panel').animate({width:348}, function(){ //$('#igto1Panel .slider:last').find(setPanel(currentPanelNum)).datepicker('destroy'); $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .slider:last').empty().removeClass('panelShow').addClass('next').removeAttr('panelNum'); $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .slider:last').replaceWith('<div class="slider next"></div>') obj.sliding = false;console.log('inuse inside animation: '+obj.sliding); $(this).removeAttr('style'); }); next(); }); } else{ ///// current panel num smaller than next $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .next'). queue(function(next){ $(this). html(obj.loadPanelContents(currentPanelNum)). addClass('panelShow'). removeClass('next'). attr('panelNum',currentPanelNum); $('<div class="slider next">empty</div>').appendTo('#'+currentMWId+'Panel'); next(); }). queue(function(next){ $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .pre').animate({width:0}, function(){ $(this).remove(); //$('#igto1Panel .slider:first').find(setPanel(currentPanelNum)).datepicker('destroy'); $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .slider:first').empty().removeClass('panelShow').addClass('pre').removeAttr('panelNum').removeAttr('style'); $('#'+currentMWId+'Panel .slider:first').replaceWith('<div class="slider pre"></div>') obj.sliding = false; console.log('inuse inside animation: '+obj.sliding); }); next(); }); } }, getDays : function(year,month,inst,panelNum){ var obj = this; // depand on the mysql qurey condition var table_of_record = 'moviewh';//getTable(panelNum); var date_of_record = 'watching_date';//getTableDateCol(panelNum); var date_to_find = year+'-'+month; var node_of_xml_date_list = 'whDateRecords';//getXMLDateNode(panelNum); var user_id = '1';//getLoginUserId(); //var daysWithRecords = []; // empty array before asigning this.daysWithRecords.length = 0; $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: "include/get.date.list.process.php", data:({ table_of_record : table_of_record,date_of_record:date_of_record,date_to_find:date_to_find,user_id:user_id,node_of_xml_date_list:node_of_xml_date_list }), dataType: "json", cache: false, // force broser don't cache the xml file async: false, // using this option to prevent datepicker refresh ??NO success:function(data){ // had no date records if(data === null) return; obj.daysWithRecords = data; } }); //setPanelDateStatus(year,month,panelNum); console.log('call from getdays() ' + this.daysWithRecords); }, checkAvailability : function(availableDays) { // var i; var checkdate = $.datepicker.formatDate('yy-mm-dd', availableDays); //console.log( checkdate); // for(var i = 0; i < this.daysWithRecords.length; i++) { // // if(this.daysWithRecords[i] == checkdate){ // // return [true, "available"]; // } // } //console.log('inside check availablility '+ this.daysWithRecords); //return [true, "available"]; console.log(typeof this.daysWithRecords) for(i in this.daysWithRecords){ //if(this.daysWithRecords[i] == checkdate){ console.log(typeof this.daysWithRecords[i]); //return [true, "available"]; //} } return [true, "available"]; //return [false, ""]; }, leftPad : function(num) { return (num < 10) ? '0' + num : num; } }); $.fn.igtomw = function(options){ // Merge options passed in with global defaults var opt = $.extend({}, $.fn.igtomw.defaults , options); return this.each(function() { new Igtomw(this,opt); }); }; $.fn.igtomw.defaults = { // 0:mainMenu 1:whatchHistor 2:requestHistory 3:userManager // 4:shoppingCart 5:loginPanel initialPanel : 5, // default panel is LoginPanel initialQuickMenu : {'1':'whatchHIstory','2':'????','3':'????','4':'????'} // defalut quick menu }; })(jQuery); usage: $('.openMW').click(function(event){ event.preventDefault(); $('<div class="">').igtomw(); }) HTML code: <div id="taskBarAndStartMenu"> <div class="taskBarAndStartMenuM"> <a href="" class="openMW" >??IGTO</a> </div> <div class="taskBarAndStartMenuO"></div> </div> In my work flow: when I click the "whatchHistory" button, my plugin would load a panel with JQuery UI datepicker applied which days had been set to be availabled or not. I am using the function "getDays()" to get the available days list and stored the data inside daysWithRecords, and final the UI datepicker's function "beforeShowDay()" called the function "checkAvailability()" to set the days. the variable "daysWithRecords" was declared inside Igtomw = function(elem , options) and was initialized inside the function getDays() I am using the function "initialWatchHistory()" to initialization and render the JQuery UI datepicker in the web. My problem is the function "checkAvailability()" cannot see the variable "daysWithRecords".The firebug prompts me that "daysWithRecords" is "undefined". this is the first time I write my first plugin. So .... Thank you very much for any help!!

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  • Building applications with WPF, MVVM and Prism(aka CAG)

    - by skjagini
    In this article I am going to walk through an application using WPF and Prism (aka composite application guidance, CAG) which simulates engaging a taxi (cab).  The rules are simple, the app would have3 screens A login screen to authenticate the user An information screen. A screen to engage the cab and roam around and calculating the total fare Metered Rate of Fare The meter is required to be engaged when a cab is occupied by anyone $3.00 upon entry $0.35 for each additional unit The unit fare is: one-fifth of a mile, when the cab is traveling at 6 miles an hour or more; or 60 seconds when not in motion or traveling at less than 12 miles per hour. Night surcharge of $.50 after 8:00 PM & before 6:00 AM Peak hour Weekday Surcharge of $1.00 Monday - Friday after 4:00 PM & before 8:00 PM New York State Tax Surcharge of $.50 per ride. Example: Friday (2010-10-08) 5:30pm Start at Lexington Ave & E 57th St End at Irving Pl & E 15th St Start = $3.00 Travels 2 miles at less than 6 mph for 15 minutes = $3.50 Travels at more than 12 mph for 5 minutes = $1.75 Peak hour Weekday Surcharge = $1.00 (ride started at 5:30 pm) New York State Tax Surcharge = $0.50 Before we dive into the app, I would like to give brief description about the framework.  If you want to jump on to the source code, scroll all the way to the end of the post. MVVM MVVM pattern is in no way related to the usage of PRISM in your application and should be considered if you are using WPF irrespective of PRISM or not. Lets say you are not familiar with MVVM, your typical UI would involve adding some UI controls like text boxes, a button, double clicking on the button,  generating event handler, calling a method from business layer and updating the user interface, it works most of the time for developing small scale applications. The problem with this approach is that there is some amount of code specific to business logic wrapped in UI specific code which is hard to unit test it, mock it and MVVM helps to solve the exact problem. MVVM stands for Model(M) – View(V) – ViewModel(VM),  based on the interactions with in the three parties it should be called VVMM,  MVVM sounds more like MVC (Model-View-Controller) so the name. Why it should be called VVMM: View – View Model - Model WPF allows to create user interfaces using XAML and MVVM takes it to the next level by allowing complete separation of user interface and business logic. In WPF each view will have a property, DataContext when set to an instance of a class (which happens to be your view model) provides the data the view is interested in, i.e., view interacts with view model and at the same time view model interacts with view through DataContext. Sujith, if view and view model are interacting directly with each other how does MVVM is helping me separation of concerns? Well, the catch is DataContext is of type Object, since it is of type object view doesn’t know exact type of view model allowing views and views models to be loosely coupled. View models aggregate data from models (data access layer, services, etc) and make it available for views through properties, methods etc, i.e., View Models interact with Models. PRISM Prism is provided by Microsoft Patterns and Practices team and it can be downloaded from codeplex for source code,  samples and documentation on msdn.  The name composite implies, to compose user interface from different modules (views) without direct dependencies on each other, again allowing  loosely coupled development. Well Sujith, I can already do that with user controls, why shall I learn another framework?  That’s correct, you can decouple using user controls, but you still have to manage some amount of coupling, like how to do you communicate between the controls, how do you subscribe/unsubscribe, loading/unloading views dynamically. Prism is not a replacement for user controls, provides the following features which greatly help in designing the composite applications. Dependency Injection (DI)/ Inversion of Control (IoC) Modules Regions Event Aggregator  Commands Simply put, MVVM helps building a single view and Prism helps building an application using the views There are other open source alternatives to Prism, like MVVMLight, Cinch, take a look at them as well. Lets dig into the source code.  1. Solution The solution is made of the following projects Framework: Holds the common functionality in building applications using WPF and Prism TaxiClient: Start up project, boot strapping and app styling TaxiCommon: Helps with the business logic TaxiModules: Holds the meat of the application with views and view models TaxiTests: To test the application 2. DI / IoC Dependency Injection (DI) as the name implies refers to injecting dependencies and Inversion of Control (IoC) means the calling code has no direct control on the dependencies, opposite of normal way of programming where dependencies are passed by caller, i.e inversion; aside from some differences in terminology the concept is same in both the cases. The idea behind DI/IoC pattern is to reduce the amount of direct coupling between different components of the application, the higher the dependency the more tightly coupled the application resulting in code which is hard to modify, unit test and mock.  Initializing Dependency Injection through BootStrapper TaxiClient is the starting project of the solution and App (App.xaml)  is the starting class that gets called when you run the application. From the App’s OnStartup method we will invoke BootStrapper.   namespace TaxiClient { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for App.xaml /// </summary> public partial class App : Application { protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e) { base.OnStartup(e);   (new BootStrapper()).Run(); } } } BootStrapper is your contact point for initializing the application including dependency injection, creating Shell and other frameworks. We are going to use Unity for DI and there are lot of open source DI frameworks like Spring.Net, StructureMap etc with different feature set  and you can choose a framework based on your preferences. Note that Prism comes with in built support for Unity, for example we are deriving from UnityBootStrapper in our case and for any other DI framework you have to extend the Prism appropriately   namespace TaxiClient { public class BootStrapper: UnityBootstrapper { protected override IModuleCatalog CreateModuleCatalog() { return new ConfigurationModuleCatalog(); } protected override DependencyObject CreateShell() { Framework.FrameworkBootStrapper.Run(Container, Application.Current.Dispatcher);   Shell shell = new Shell(); shell.ResizeMode = ResizeMode.NoResize; shell.Show();   return shell; } } } Lets take a look into  FrameworkBootStrapper to check out how to register with unity container. namespace Framework { public class FrameworkBootStrapper { public static void Run(IUnityContainer container, Dispatcher dispatcher) { UIDispatcher uiDispatcher = new UIDispatcher(dispatcher); container.RegisterInstance<IDispatcherService>(uiDispatcher);   container.RegisterType<IInjectSingleViewService, InjectSingleViewService>( new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());   . . . } } } In the above code we are registering two components with unity container. You shall observe that we are following two different approaches, RegisterInstance and RegisterType.  With RegisterInstance we are registering an existing instance and the same instance will be returned for every request made for IDispatcherService   and with RegisterType we are requesting unity container to create an instance for us when required, i.e., when I request for an instance for IInjectSingleViewService, unity will create/return an instance of InjectSingleViewService class and with RegisterType we can configure the life time of the instance being created. With ContaienrControllerLifetimeManager, the unity container caches the instance and reuses for any subsequent requests, without recreating a new instance. Lets take a look into FareViewModel.cs and it’s constructor. The constructor takes one parameter IEventAggregator and if you try to find all references in your solution for IEventAggregator, you will not find a single location where an instance of EventAggregator is passed directly to the constructor. The compiler still finds an instance and works fine because Prism is already configured when used with Unity container to return an instance of EventAggregator when requested for IEventAggregator and in this particular case it is called constructor injection. public class FareViewModel:ObservableBase, IDataErrorInfo { ... private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;   public FareViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator) { _eventAggregator = eventAggregator; InitializePropertyNames(); InitializeModel(); PropertyChanged += OnPropertyChanged; } ... 3. Shell Shells are very similar in operation to Master Pages in asp.net or MDI in Windows Forms. And shells contain regions which display the views, you can have as many regions as you wish in a given view. You can also nest regions. i.e, one region can load a view which in itself may contain other regions. We have to create a shell at the start of the application and are doing it by overriding CreateShell method from BootStrapper From the following Shell.xaml you shall notice that we have two content controls with Region names as ‘MenuRegion’ and ‘MainRegion’.  The idea here is that you can inject any user controls into the regions dynamically, i.e., a Menu User Control for MenuRegion and based on the user action you can load appropriate view into MainRegion.    <Window x:Class="TaxiClient.Shell" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:Regions="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Regions;assembly=Microsoft.Practices.Prism" Title="Taxi" Height="370" Width="800"> <Grid Margin="2"> <ContentControl Regions:RegionManager.RegionName="MenuRegion" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalContentAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch" />   <ContentControl Grid.Row="1" Regions:RegionManager.RegionName="MainRegion" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalContentAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch" /> <!--<Border Grid.ColumnSpan="2" BorderThickness="2" CornerRadius="3" BorderBrush="LightBlue" />-->   </Grid> </Window> 4. Modules Prism provides the ability to build composite applications and modules play an important role in it. For example if you are building a Mortgage Loan Processor application with 3 components, i.e. customer’s credit history,  existing mortgages, new home/loan information; and consider that the customer’s credit history component involves gathering data about his/her address, background information, job details etc. The idea here using Prism modules is to separate the implementation of these 3 components into their own visual studio projects allowing to build components with no dependency on each other and independently. If we need to add another component to the application, the component can be developed by in house team or some other team in the organization by starting with a new Visual Studio project and adding to the solution at the run time with very little knowledge about the application. Prism modules are defined by implementing the IModule interface and each visual studio project to be considered as a module should implement the IModule interface.  From the BootStrapper.cs you shall observe that we are overriding the method by returning a ConfiguratingModuleCatalog which returns the modules that are registered for the application using the app.config file  and you can also add module using code. Lets take a look into configuration file.   <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <configSections> <section name="modules" type="Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Modularity.ModulesConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Prism"/> </configSections> <modules> <module assemblyFile="TaxiModules.dll" moduleType="TaxiModules.ModuleInitializer, TaxiModules" moduleName="TaxiModules"/> </modules> </configuration> Here we are adding TaxiModules project to our solution and TaxiModules.ModuleInitializer implements IModule interface   5. Module Mapper With Prism modules you can dynamically add or remove modules from the regions, apart from that Prism also provides API to control adding/removing the views from a region within the same module. Taxi Information Screen: Engage the Taxi Screen: The sample application has two screens, ‘Taxi Information’ and ‘Engage the Taxi’ and they both reside in same module, TaxiModules. ‘Engage the Taxi’ is again made of two user controls, FareView on the left and TotalView on the right. We have created a Shell with two regions, MenuRegion and MainRegion with menu loaded into MenuRegion. We can create a wrapper user control called EngageTheTaxi made of FareView and TotalView and load either TaxiInfo or EngageTheTaxi into MainRegion based on the user action. Though it will work it tightly binds the user controls and for every combination of user controls, we need to create a dummy wrapper control to contain them. Instead we can apply the principles we learned so far from Shell/regions and introduce another template (LeftAndRightRegionView.xaml) made of two regions Region1 (left) and Region2 (right) and load  FareView and TotalView dynamically.  To help with loading of the views dynamically I have introduce an helper an interface, IInjectSingleViewService,  idea suggested by Mike Taulty, a must read blog for .Net developers. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel;   namespace Framework.PresentationUtility.Navigation {   public interface IInjectSingleViewService : INotifyPropertyChanged { IEnumerable<CommandViewDefinition> Commands { get; } IEnumerable<ModuleViewDefinition> Modules { get; }   void RegisterViewForRegion(string commandName, string viewName, string regionName, Type viewType); void ClearViewFromRegion(string viewName, string regionName); void RegisterModule(string moduleName, IList<ModuleMapper> moduleMappers); } } The Interface declares three methods to work with views: RegisterViewForRegion: Registers a view with a particular region. You can register multiple views and their regions under one command.  When this particular command is invoked all the views registered under it will be loaded into their regions. ClearViewFromRegion: To unload a specific view from a region. RegisterModule: The idea is when a command is invoked you can load the UI with set of controls in their default position and based on the user interaction, you can load different contols in to different regions on the fly.  And it is supported ModuleViewDefinition and ModuleMappers as shown below. namespace Framework.PresentationUtility.Navigation { public class ModuleViewDefinition { public string ModuleName { get; set; } public IList<ModuleMapper> ModuleMappers; public ICommand Command { get; set; } }   public class ModuleMapper { public string ViewName { get; set; } public string RegionName { get; set; } public Type ViewType { get; set; } } } 6. Event Aggregator Prism event aggregator enables messaging between components as in Observable pattern, Notifier notifies the Observer which receives notification it is interested in. When it comes to Observable pattern, Observer has to unsubscribes for notifications when it no longer interested in notifications, which allows the Notifier to remove the Observer’s reference from it’s local cache. Though .Net has managed garbage collection it cannot remove inactive the instances referenced by an active instance resulting in memory leak, keeping the Observers in memory as long as Notifier stays in memory.  Developers have to be very careful to unsubscribe when necessary and it often gets overlooked, to overcome these problems Prism Event Aggregator uses weak references to cache the reference (Observer in this case)  and releases the reference (memory) once the instance goes out of scope. Using event aggregator is very simple, declare a generic type of CompositePresenationEvent by inheriting from it. using Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Events; using TaxiCommon.BAO;   namespace TaxiCommon.CompositeEvents { public class TaxiOnMoveEvent:CompositePresentationEvent<TaxiOnMove> { } }   TaxiOnMove.cs includes the properties which we want to exchange between the parties, FareView and TotalView. using System;   namespace TaxiCommon.BAO { public class TaxiOnMove { public TimeSpan MinutesAtTweleveMPH { get; set; } public double MilesAtSixMPH { get; set; } } }   Lets take a look into FareViewodel (Notifier) and how it raises the event.  Here we are raising the event by getting the event through GetEvent<..>() and publishing it with the payload private void OnAddMinutes(object obj) { TaxiOnMove payload = new TaxiOnMove(); if(MilesAtSixMPH != null) payload.MilesAtSixMPH = MilesAtSixMPH.Value; if(MinutesAtTweleveMPH != null) payload.MinutesAtTweleveMPH = new TimeSpan(0,0,MinutesAtTweleveMPH.Value,0);   _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiOnMoveEvent>().Publish(payload); ResetMinutesAndMiles(); } And TotalViewModel(Observer) subscribes to notifications by getting the event through GetEvent<..>() namespace TaxiModules.ViewModels { public class TotalViewModel:ObservableBase { .... private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;   public TotalViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator) { _eventAggregator = eventAggregator; ... }   private void SubscribeToEvents() { _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiStartedEvent>() .Subscribe(OnTaxiStarted, ThreadOption.UIThread,false,(filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiOnMoveEvent>() .Subscribe(OnTaxiMove, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiResetEvent>() .Subscribe(OnTaxiReset, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); }   ... private void OnTaxiMove(TaxiOnMove taxiOnMove) { OnMoveFare fare = new OnMoveFare(taxiOnMove); Fares.Add(fare); SetTotalFare(new []{fare}); }   .... 7. MVVM through example In this section we are going to look into MVVM implementation through example.  I have all the modules declared in a single project, TaxiModules, again it is not necessary to have them into one project. Once the user logs into the application, will be greeted with the ‘Engage the Taxi’ screen which is made of two user controls, FareView.xaml and TotalView.Xaml. As you can see from the solution explorer, each of them have their own code behind files and  ViewModel classes, FareViewMode.cs, TotalViewModel.cs Lets take a look in to the FareView and how it interacts with FareViewModel using MVVM implementation. FareView.xaml acts as a view and FareViewMode.cs is it’s view model. The FareView code behind class   namespace TaxiModules.Views { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for FareView.xaml /// </summary> public partial class FareView : UserControl { public FareView(FareViewModel viewModel) { InitializeComponent(); this.Loaded += (s, e) => { this.DataContext = viewModel; }; } } } The FareView is bound to FareViewModel through the data context  and you shall observe that DataContext is of type Object, i.e. the FareView doesn’t really know the type of ViewModel (FareViewModel). This helps separation of View and ViewModel as View and ViewModel are independent of each other, you can bind FareView to FareViewModel2 as well and the application compiles just fine. Lets take a look into FareView xaml file  <UserControl x:Class="TaxiModules.Views.FareView" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:Toolkit="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Windows.Controls;assembly=WPFToolkit" xmlns:Commands="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Commands;assembly=Microsoft.Practices.Prism"> <Grid Margin="10" > ....   <Border Style="{DynamicResource innerBorder}" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Grid.RowSpan="11" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" Panel.ZIndex="1"/>   <Label Grid.Row="0" Content="Engage the Taxi" Style="{DynamicResource innerHeader}"/> <Label Grid.Row="1" Content="Select the State"/> <ComboBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" ItemsSource="{Binding States}" Height="auto"> <ComboBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}"/> </DataTemplate> </ComboBox.ItemTemplate> <ComboBox.SelectedItem> <Binding Path="SelectedState" Mode="TwoWay"/> </ComboBox.SelectedItem> </ComboBox> <Label Grid.Row="2" Content="Select the Date of Entry"/> <Toolkit:DatePicker Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" SelectedDate="{Binding DateOfEntry, ValidatesOnDataErrors=true}" /> <Label Grid.Row="3" Content="Enter time 24hr format"/> <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding TimeOfEntry, TargetNullValue=''}"/> <Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" Content="Start the Meter" Commands:Click.Command="{Binding StartMeterCommand}" />   <Label Grid.Row="5" Content="Run the Taxi" Style="{DynamicResource innerHeader}"/> <Label Grid.Row="6" Content="Number of Miles &lt;@6mph"/> <TextBox Grid.Row="6" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding MilesAtSixMPH, TargetNullValue='', ValidatesOnDataErrors=true}"/> <Label Grid.Row="7" Content="Number of Minutes @12mph"/> <TextBox Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding MinutesAtTweleveMPH, TargetNullValue=''}"/> <Button Grid.Row="8" Grid.Column="1" Content="Add Minutes and Miles " Commands:Click.Command="{Binding AddMinutesCommand}"/> <Label Grid.Row="9" Content="Other Operations" Style="{DynamicResource innerHeader}"/> <Button Grid.Row="10" Grid.Column="1" Content="Reset the Meter" Commands:Click.Command="{Binding ResetCommand}"/>   </Grid> </UserControl> The highlighted code from the above code shows data binding, for example ComboBox which displays list of states has it’s ItemsSource bound to States property, with DataTemplate bound to Name and SelectedItem  to SelectedState. You might be wondering what are all these properties and how it is able to bind to them.  The answer lies in data context, i.e., when you bound a control, WPF looks for data context on the root object (Grid in this case) and if it can’t find data context it will look into root’s root, i.e. FareView UserControl and it is bound to FareViewModel.  Each of those properties have be declared on the ViewModel for the View to bind correctly. To put simply, View is bound to ViewModel through data context of type object and every control that is bound on the View actually binds to the public property on the ViewModel. Lets look into the ViewModel code (the following code is not an exact copy of FareViewMode.cs, pasted relevant code for this section)   namespace TaxiModules.ViewModels { public class FareViewModel:ObservableBase, IDataErrorInfo { public List<USState> States { get { return USStates.StateList; } }   public USState SelectedState { get { return _selectedState; } set { _selectedState = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_selectedStatePropertyName); } }   public DateTime? DateOfEntry { get { return _dateOfEntry; } set { _dateOfEntry = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_dateOfEntryPropertyName); } }   public TimeSpan? TimeOfEntry { get { return _timeOfEntry; } set { _timeOfEntry = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_timeOfEntryPropertyName); } }   public double? MilesAtSixMPH { get { return _milesAtSixMPH; } set { _milesAtSixMPH = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_distanceAtSixMPHPropertyName); } }   public int? MinutesAtTweleveMPH { get { return _minutesAtTweleveMPH; } set { _minutesAtTweleveMPH = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_minutesAtTweleveMPHPropertyName); } }   public ICommand StartMeterCommand { get { if(_startMeterCommand == null) { _startMeterCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(OnStartMeter, CanStartMeter); } return _startMeterCommand; } }   public ICommand AddMinutesCommand { get { if(_addMinutesCommand == null) { _addMinutesCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(OnAddMinutes, CanAddMinutes); } return _addMinutesCommand; } }   public ICommand ResetCommand { get { if(_resetCommand == null) { _resetCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(OnResetCommand); } return _resetCommand; } }   } private void OnStartMeter(object obj) { _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiStartedEvent>().Publish( new TaxiStarted() { EngagedOn = DateOfEntry.Value.Date + TimeOfEntry.Value, EngagedState = SelectedState.Value });   _isMeterStarted = true; OnPropertyChanged(this,null); } And views communicate user actions like button clicks, tree view item selections, etc using commands. When user clicks on ‘Start the Meter’ button it invokes the method StartMeterCommand, which calls the method OnStartMeter which publishes the event to TotalViewModel using event aggregator  and TaxiStartedEvent. namespace TaxiModules.ViewModels { public class TotalViewModel:ObservableBase { ... private IEventAggregator _eventAggregator;   public TotalViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAggregator) { _eventAggregator = eventAggregator;   InitializePropertyNames(); InitializeModel(); SubscribeToEvents(); }   public decimal? TotalFare { get { return _totalFare; } set { _totalFare = value; RaisePropertyChanged(_totalFarePropertyName); } } .... private void SubscribeToEvents() { _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiStartedEvent>().Subscribe(OnTaxiStarted, ThreadOption.UIThread,false,(filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiOnMoveEvent>().Subscribe(OnTaxiMove, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); _eventAggregator.GetEvent<TaxiResetEvent>().Subscribe(OnTaxiReset, ThreadOption.UIThread, false, (filter) => true); }   private void OnTaxiStarted(TaxiStarted taxiStarted) { Fares.Add(new EntryFare()); Fares.Add(new StateTaxFare(taxiStarted)); Fares.Add(new NightSurchargeFare(taxiStarted)); Fares.Add(new PeakHourWeekdayFare(taxiStarted));   SetTotalFare(Fares); }   private void SetTotalFare(IEnumerable<IFare> fares) { TotalFare = (_totalFare ?? 0) + TaxiFareHelper.GetTotalFare(fares); } ....   } }   TotalViewModel subscribes to events, TaxiStartedEvent and rest. When TaxiStartedEvent gets invoked it calls the OnTaxiStarted method which sets the total fare which includes entry fee, state tax, nightly surcharge, peak hour weekday fare.   Note that TotalViewModel derives from ObservableBase which implements the method RaisePropertyChanged which we are invoking in Set of TotalFare property, i.e, once we update the TotalFare property it raises an the event that  allows the TotalFare text box to fetch the new value through the data context. ViewModel is communicating with View through data context and it has no knowledge about View, helping in loose coupling of ViewModel and View.   I have attached the source code (.Net 4.0, Prism 4.0, VS 2010) , download and play with it and don’t forget to leave your comments.  

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  • Understanding Request Validation in ASP.NET MVC 3

    - by imran_ku07
         Introduction:             A fact that you must always remember "never ever trust user inputs". An application that trusts user inputs may be easily vulnerable to XSS, XSRF, SQL Injection, etc attacks. XSS and XSRF are very dangerous attacks. So to mitigate these attacks ASP.NET introduced request validation in ASP.NET 1.1. During request validation, ASP.NET will throw HttpRequestValidationException: 'A potentially dangerous XXX value was detected from the client', if he found, < followed by an exclamation(like <!) or < followed by the letters a through z(like <s) or & followed by a pound sign(like &#123) as a part of query string, posted form and cookie collection. In ASP.NET 4.0, request validation becomes extensible. This means that you can extend request validation. Also in ASP.NET 4.0, by default request validation is enabled before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request. ASP.NET MVC 3 moves one step further by making request validation granular. This allows you to disable request validation for some properties of a model while maintaining request validation for all other cases. In this article I will show you the use of request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. Then I will briefly explain the internal working of granular request validation.       Description:             First of all create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 application. Then create a simple model class called MyModel,     public class MyModel { public string Prop1 { get; set; } public string Prop2 { get; set; } }             Then just update the index action method as follows,   public ActionResult Index(MyModel p) { return View(); }             Now just run this application. You will find that everything works just fine. Now just append this query string ?Prop1=<s to the url of this application, you will get the HttpRequestValidationException exception.           Now just decorate the Index action method with [ValidateInputAttribute(false)],   [ValidateInput(false)] public ActionResult Index(MyModel p) { return View(); }             Run this application again with same query string. You will find that your application run without any unhandled exception.           Up to now, there is nothing new in ASP.NET MVC 3 because ValidateInputAttribute was present in the previous versions of ASP.NET MVC. Any problem with this approach? Yes there is a problem with this approach. The problem is that now users can send html for both Prop1 and Prop2 properties and a lot of developers are not aware of it. This means that now everyone can send html with both parameters(e.g, ?Prop1=<s&Prop2=<s). So ValidateInput attribute does not gives you the guarantee that your application is safe to XSS or XSRF. This is the reason why ASP.NET MVC team introduced granular request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. Let's see this feature.           Remove [ValidateInputAttribute(false)] on Index action and update MyModel class as follows,   public class MyModel { [AllowHtml] public string Prop1 { get; set; } public string Prop2 { get; set; } }             Note that AllowHtml attribute is only decorated on Prop1 property. Run this application again with ?Prop1=<s query string. You will find that your application run just fine. Run this application again with ?Prop1=<s&Prop2=<s query string, you will get HttpRequestValidationException exception. This shows that the granular request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3 only allows users to send html for properties decorated with AllowHtml attribute.            Sometimes you may need to access Request.QueryString or Request.Form directly. You may change your code as follows,   [ValidateInput(false)] public ActionResult Index() { var prop1 = Request.QueryString["Prop1"]; return View(); }             Run this application again, you will get the HttpRequestValidationException exception again even you have [ValidateInput(false)] on your Index action. The reason is that Request flags are still not set to unvalidate. I will explain this later. For making this work you need to use Unvalidated extension method,     public ActionResult Index() { var q = Request.Unvalidated().QueryString; var prop1 = q["Prop1"]; return View(); }             Unvalidated extension method is defined in System.Web.Helpers namespace . So you need to add using System.Web.Helpers; in this class file. Run this application again, your application run just fine.             There you have it. If you are not curious to know the internal working of granular request validation then you can skip next paragraphs completely. If you are interested then carry on reading.             Create a new ASP.NET MVC 2 application, then open global.asax.cs file and the following lines,     protected void Application_BeginRequest() { var q = Request.QueryString; }             Then make the Index action method as,    [ValidateInput(false)] public ActionResult Index(string id) { return View(); }             Please note that the Index action method contains a parameter and this action method is decorated with [ValidateInput(false)]. Run this application again, but now with ?id=<s query string, you will get HttpRequestValidationException exception at Application_BeginRequest method. Now just add the following entry in web.config,   <httpRuntime requestValidationMode="2.0"/>             Now run this application again. This time your application will run just fine. Now just see the following quote from ASP.NET 4 Breaking Changes,   In ASP.NET 4, by default, request validation is enabled for all requests, because it is enabled before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request. As a result, request validation applies to requests for all ASP.NET resources, not just .aspx page requests. This includes requests such as Web service calls and custom HTTP handlers. Request validation is also active when custom HTTP modules are reading the contents of an HTTP request.             This clearly state that request validation is enabled before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request. For understanding what does enabled means here, we need to see HttpRequest.ValidateInput, HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form methods/properties in System.Web assembly. Here is the implementation of HttpRequest.ValidateInput, HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form methods/properties in System.Web assembly,     public NameValueCollection Form { get { if (this._form == null) { this._form = new HttpValueCollection(); if (this._wr != null) { this.FillInFormCollection(); } this._form.MakeReadOnly(); } if (this._flags[2]) { this._flags.Clear(2); this.ValidateNameValueCollection(this._form, RequestValidationSource.Form); } return this._form; } } public NameValueCollection QueryString { get { if (this._queryString == null) { this._queryString = new HttpValueCollection(); if (this._wr != null) { this.FillInQueryStringCollection(); } this._queryString.MakeReadOnly(); } if (this._flags[1]) { this._flags.Clear(1); this.ValidateNameValueCollection(this._queryString, RequestValidationSource.QueryString); } return this._queryString; } } public void ValidateInput() { if (!this._flags[0x8000]) { this._flags.Set(0x8000); this._flags.Set(1); this._flags.Set(2); this._flags.Set(4); this._flags.Set(0x40); this._flags.Set(0x80); this._flags.Set(0x100); this._flags.Set(0x200); this._flags.Set(8); } }             The above code indicates that HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form will only validate the querystring and form collection if certain flags are set. These flags are automatically set if you call HttpRequest.ValidateInput method. Now run the above application again(don't forget to append ?id=<s query string in the url) with the same settings(i.e, requestValidationMode="2.0" setting in web.config and Application_BeginRequest method in global.asax.cs), your application will run just fine. Now just update the Application_BeginRequest method as,   protected void Application_BeginRequest() { Request.ValidateInput(); var q = Request.QueryString; }             Note that I am calling Request.ValidateInput method prior to use Request.QueryString property. ValidateInput method will internally set certain flags(discussed above). These flags will then tells the Request.QueryString (and Request.Form) property that validate the query string(or form) when user call Request.QueryString(or Request.Form) property. So running this application again with ?id=<s query string will throw HttpRequestValidationException exception. Now I hope it is clear to you that what does requestValidationMode do. It just tells the ASP.NET that not invoke the Request.ValidateInput method internally before the BeginRequest phase of an HTTP request if requestValidationMode is set to a value less than 4.0 in web.config. Here is the implementation of HttpRequest.ValidateInputIfRequiredByConfig method which will prove this statement(Don't be confused with HttpRequest and Request. Request is the property of HttpRequest class),    internal void ValidateInputIfRequiredByConfig() { ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... if (httpRuntime.RequestValidationMode >= VersionUtil.Framework40) { this.ValidateInput(); } }              Hopefully the above discussion will clear you how requestValidationMode works in ASP.NET 4. It is also interesting to note that both HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form only throws the exception when you access them first time. Any subsequent access to HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form will not throw any exception. Continuing with the above example, just update Application_BeginRequest method in global.asax.cs file as,   protected void Application_BeginRequest() { try { var q = Request.QueryString; var f = Request.Form; } catch//swallow this exception { } var q1 = Request.QueryString; var f1 = Request.Form; }             Without setting requestValidationMode to 2.0 and without decorating ValidateInput attribute on Index action, your application will work just fine because both HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form will clear their flags after reading HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form for the first time(see the implementation of HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form above).           Now let's see ASP.NET MVC 3 granular request validation internal working. First of all we need to see type of HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form properties. Both HttpRequest.QueryString and HttpRequest.Form properties are of type NameValueCollection which is inherited from the NameObjectCollectionBase class. NameObjectCollectionBase class contains _entriesArray, _entriesTable, NameObjectEntry.Key and NameObjectEntry.Value fields which granular request validation uses internally. In addition granular request validation also uses _queryString, _form and _flags fields, ValidateString method and the Indexer of HttpRequest class. Let's see when and how granular request validation uses these fields.           Create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 application. Then put a breakpoint at Application_BeginRequest method and another breakpoint at HomeController.Index method. Now just run this application. When the break point inside Application_BeginRequest method hits then add the following expression in quick watch window, System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString. You will see the following screen,                                              Now Press F5 so that the second breakpoint inside HomeController.Index method hits. When the second breakpoint hits then add the following expression in quick watch window again, System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString. You will see the following screen,                            First screen shows that _entriesTable field is of type System.Collections.Hashtable and _entriesArray field is of type System.Collections.ArrayList during the BeginRequest phase of the HTTP request. While the second screen shows that _entriesTable type is changed to Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.LazilyValidatingHashtable and _entriesArray type is changed to Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.LazilyValidatingArrayList during executing the Index action method. In addition to these members, ASP.NET MVC 3 also perform some operation on _flags, _form, _queryString and other members of HttpRuntime class internally. This shows that ASP.NET MVC 3 performing some operation on the members of HttpRequest class for making granular request validation possible.           Both LazilyValidatingArrayList and LazilyValidatingHashtable classes are defined in the Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly. You may wonder why their name starts with Lazily. The fact is that now with ASP.NET MVC 3, request validation will be performed lazily. In simple words, Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly is now taking the responsibility for request validation from System.Web assembly. See the below screens. The first screen depicting HttpRequestValidationException exception in ASP.NET MVC 2 application while the second screen showing HttpRequestValidationException exception in ASP.NET MVC 3 application.   In MVC 2:                 In MVC 3:                          The stack trace of the second screenshot shows that Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly (instead of System.Web assembly) is now performing request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. Now you may ask: where Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly is performing some operation on the members of HttpRequest class. There are at least two places where the Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly performing some operation , Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.GranularValidationReflectionUtil.GetInstance method and Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicValidationHelper.ValidationUtility.CollectionReplacer.ReplaceCollection method, Here is the implementation of these methods,   private static GranularValidationReflectionUtil GetInstance() { try { if (DynamicValidationShimReflectionUtil.Instance != null) { return null; } GranularValidationReflectionUtil util = new GranularValidationReflectionUtil(); Type containingType = typeof(NameObjectCollectionBase); string fieldName = "_entriesArray"; bool isStatic = false; Type fieldType = typeof(ArrayList); FieldInfo fieldInfo = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(containingType, fieldName, isStatic, fieldType); util._del_get_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesArray = MakeFieldGetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, ArrayList>(fieldInfo); util._del_set_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesArray = MakeFieldSetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, ArrayList>(fieldInfo); Type type6 = typeof(NameObjectCollectionBase); string str2 = "_entriesTable"; bool flag2 = false; Type type7 = typeof(Hashtable); FieldInfo info2 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type6, str2, flag2, type7); util._del_get_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesTable = MakeFieldGetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, Hashtable>(info2); util._del_set_NameObjectCollectionBase_entriesTable = MakeFieldSetterFunc<NameObjectCollectionBase, Hashtable>(info2); Type targetType = CommonAssemblies.System.GetType("System.Collections.Specialized.NameObjectCollectionBase+NameObjectEntry"); Type type8 = targetType; string str3 = "Key"; bool flag3 = false; Type type9 = typeof(string); FieldInfo info3 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type8, str3, flag3, type9); util._del_get_NameObjectEntry_Key = MakeFieldGetterFunc<string>(targetType, info3); Type type10 = targetType; string str4 = "Value"; bool flag4 = false; Type type11 = typeof(object); FieldInfo info4 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type10, str4, flag4, type11); util._del_get_NameObjectEntry_Value = MakeFieldGetterFunc<object>(targetType, info4); util._del_set_NameObjectEntry_Value = MakeFieldSetterFunc(targetType, info4); Type type12 = typeof(HttpRequest); string methodName = "ValidateString"; bool flag5 = false; Type[] argumentTypes = new Type[] { typeof(string), typeof(string), typeof(RequestValidationSource) }; Type returnType = typeof(void); MethodInfo methodInfo = CommonReflectionUtil.FindMethod(type12, methodName, flag5, argumentTypes, returnType); util._del_validateStringCallback = CommonReflectionUtil.MakeFastCreateDelegate<HttpRequest, ValidateStringCallback>(methodInfo); Type type = CommonAssemblies.SystemWeb.GetType("System.Web.HttpValueCollection"); util._del_HttpValueCollection_ctor = CommonReflectionUtil.MakeFastNewObject<Func<NameValueCollection>>(type); Type type14 = typeof(HttpRequest); string str6 = "_form"; bool flag6 = false; Type type15 = type; FieldInfo info6 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type14, str6, flag6, type15); util._del_get_HttpRequest_form = MakeFieldGetterFunc<HttpRequest, NameValueCollection>(info6); util._del_set_HttpRequest_form = MakeFieldSetterFunc(typeof(HttpRequest), info6); Type type16 = typeof(HttpRequest); string str7 = "_queryString"; bool flag7 = false; Type type17 = type; FieldInfo info7 = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type16, str7, flag7, type17); util._del_get_HttpRequest_queryString = MakeFieldGetterFunc<HttpRequest, NameValueCollection>(info7); util._del_set_HttpRequest_queryString = MakeFieldSetterFunc(typeof(HttpRequest), info7); Type type3 = CommonAssemblies.SystemWeb.GetType("System.Web.Util.SimpleBitVector32"); Type type18 = typeof(HttpRequest); string str8 = "_flags"; bool flag8 = false; Type type19 = type3; FieldInfo flagsFieldInfo = CommonReflectionUtil.FindField(type18, str8, flag8, type19); Type type20 = type3; string str9 = "get_Item"; bool flag9 = false; Type[] typeArray4 = new Type[] { typeof(int) }; Type type21 = typeof(bool); MethodInfo itemGetter = CommonReflectionUtil.FindMethod(type20, str9, flag9, typeArray4, type21); Type type22 = type3; string str10 = "set_Item"; bool flag10 = false; Type[] typeArray6 = new Type[] { typeof(int), typeof(bool) }; Type type23 = typeof(void); MethodInfo itemSetter = CommonReflectionUtil.FindMethod(type22, str10, flag10, typeArray6, type23); MakeRequestValidationFlagsAccessors(flagsFieldInfo, itemGetter, itemSetter, out util._del_BitVector32_get_Item, out util._del_BitVector32_set_Item); return util; } catch { return null; } } private static void ReplaceCollection(HttpContext context, FieldAccessor<NameValueCollection> fieldAccessor, Func<NameValueCollection> propertyAccessor, Action<NameValueCollection> storeInUnvalidatedCollection, RequestValidationSource validationSource, ValidationSourceFlag validationSourceFlag) { NameValueCollection originalBackingCollection; ValidateStringCallback validateString; SimpleValidateStringCallback simpleValidateString; Func<NameValueCollection> getActualCollection; Action<NameValueCollection> makeCollectionLazy; HttpRequest request = context.Request; Func<bool> getValidationFlag = delegate { return _reflectionUtil.GetRequestValidationFlag(request, validationSourceFlag); }; Func<bool> func = delegate { return !getValidationFlag(); }; Action<bool> setValidationFlag = delegate (bool value) { _reflectionUtil.SetRequestValidationFlag(request, validationSourceFlag, value); }; if ((fieldAccessor.Value != null) && func()) { storeInUnvalidatedCollection(fieldAccessor.Value); } else { originalBackingCollection = fieldAccessor.Value; validateString = _reflectionUtil.MakeValidateStringCallback(context.Request); simpleValidateString = delegate (string value, string key) { if (((key == null) || !key.StartsWith("__", StringComparison.Ordinal)) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)) { validateString(value, key, validationSource); } }; getActualCollection = delegate { fieldAccessor.Value = originalBackingCollection; bool flag = getValidationFlag(); setValidationFlag(false); NameValueCollection col = propertyAccessor(); setValidationFlag(flag); storeInUnvalidatedCollection(new NameValueCollection(col)); return col; }; makeCollectionLazy = delegate (NameValueCollection col) { simpleValidateString(col[null], null); LazilyValidatingArrayList array = new LazilyValidatingArrayList(_reflectionUtil.GetNameObjectCollectionEntriesArray(col), simpleValidateString); _reflectionUtil.SetNameObjectCollectionEntriesArray(col, array); LazilyValidatingHashtable table = new LazilyValidatingHashtable(_reflectionUtil.GetNameObjectCollectionEntriesTable(col), simpleValidateString); _reflectionUtil.SetNameObjectCollectionEntriesTable(col, table); }; Func<bool> hasValidationFired = func; Action disableValidation = delegate { setValidationFlag(false); }; Func<int> fillInActualFormContents = delegate { NameValueCollection values = getActualCollection(); makeCollectionLazy(values); return values.Count; }; DeferredCountArrayList list = new DeferredCountArrayList(hasValidationFired, disableValidation, fillInActualFormContents); NameValueCollection target = _reflectionUtil.NewHttpValueCollection(); _reflectionUtil.SetNameObjectCollectionEntriesArray(target, list); fieldAccessor.Value = target; } }             Hopefully the above code will help you to understand the internal working of granular request validation. It is also important to note that Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly invokes HttpRequest.ValidateInput method internally. For further understanding please see Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure assembly code. Finally you may ask: at which stage ASP NET MVC 3 will invoke these methods. You will find this answer by looking at the following method source,   Unvalidated extension method for HttpRequest class defined in System.Web.Helpers.Validation class. System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.ProcessRequestInit method. System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.ValidateRequest method. System.Web.WebPages.WebPageHttpHandler.ProcessRequestInternal method.       Summary:             ASP.NET helps in preventing XSS attack using a feature called request validation. In this article, I showed you how you can use granular request validation in ASP.NET MVC 3. I explain you the internal working of  granular request validation. Hope you will enjoy this article too.   SyntaxHighlighter.all()

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  • Error installing scipy on Mountain Lion with Xcode 4.5.1

    - by Xster
    Environment: Mountain Lion 10.8.2, Xcode 4.5.1 command line tools, Python 2.7.3, virtualenv 1.8.2 and numpy 1.6.2 When installing scipy with pip install -e "git+https://github.com/scipy/scipy#egg=scipy-dev" on a fresh virtualenv. llvm-gcc: scipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/FWRAPPERS/veclib_cabi_c.c In file included from /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vecLib.h:43, from /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Headers/Accelerate.h:20, from scipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/FWRAPPERS/veclib_cabi_c.c:2: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:51:23: error: immintrin.h: No such file or directory In file included from /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vecLib.h:43, from /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Headers/Accelerate.h:20, from scipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/FWRAPPERS/veclib_cabi_c.c:2: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vceilf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:53: error: incompatible types in return /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vfloorf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:54: error: incompatible types in return /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vintf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: ‘_MM_FROUND_TRUNC’ undeclared (first use in this function) /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: for each function it appears in.) /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: incompatible types in return /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vnintf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:56: error: ‘_MM_FROUND_NINT’ undeclared (first use in this function) /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:56: error: incompatible types in return In file included from /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vecLib.h:43, from /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Headers/Accelerate.h:20, from scipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/FWRAPPERS/veclib_cabi_c.c:2: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:51:23: error: immintrin.h: No such file or directory In file included from /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vecLib.h:43, from /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Headers/Accelerate.h:20, from scipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/FWRAPPERS/veclib_cabi_c.c:2: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vceilf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:53: error: incompatible types in return /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vfloorf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:54: error: incompatible types in return /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vintf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: ‘_MM_FROUND_TRUNC’ undeclared (first use in this function) /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: for each function it appears in.) /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:55: error: incompatible types in return /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h: In function ‘vnintf’: /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:56: error: ‘_MM_FROUND_NINT’ undeclared (first use in this function) /System/Library/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Headers/vfp.h:56: error: incompatible types in return error: Command "/usr/bin/llvm-gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -Os -w -pipe -march=core2 -msse4 -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Iscipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/SRC -I/Users/xiao/.virtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -c scipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/FWRAPPERS/veclib_cabi_c.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.4-x86_64-2.7/scipy/sparse/linalg/eigen/arpack/ARPACK/FWRAPPERS/veclib_cabi_c.o" failed with exit status 1 Is it supposed to be looking for headers from my system frameworks? Is the development version of scipy no longer good for the latest version of Mountain Lion/Xcode?

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  • Seamless STP with Oracle SOA Suite

    - by user12339860
    STP stands for “Straight Through Processing”. Wikipedia describes STP as a solution that enables “the entire trade process for capital markets and payment transactions to be conducted electronically without the need for re-keying or manual intervention, subject to legal and regulatory restrictions” .I will deal with the later part of the definition i.e “payment transactions without manual intervention” in this article. The STP that I am writing about involves the interaction between a Bank and its’ corporate customers,to that extent this business case is also called “Corporate Payments”.Simply put a  Corporate Payment-STP solution needs to connect the payment transaction right from the Corporate ERP into the Bank’s Payment Hub. A SOA based STP solution can do a lot more than just process transaction. But before I get to the solution let me describe the perspectives of the two primary parties in this interaction. The Corporate customer and the Bank. Corporate's Interaction with Bank:  Typically it is the treasury department of an enterprise which interacts with the Bank on a daily basis. Here is how a day of interaction would look like from the treasury department of a corp. Corporate Cash Retrieve Beginning of day totals Monitor Cash Accounts Send or receive cash between accounts Supply chain payments Payment Settlements Calculate settlement positions Retrieve End of Day totals Assess Transaction Financial Impact Short Term Investment Desk Retrieve Current Account information Conduct Investment activities Bank’s Interaction with the Corporate :  From the Bank’s perspective, the interaction starts from the point of on boarding a corporate customer to billing the corporate for the value added services it provides. Once the corporate is on-boarded the daily interaction involves Handle the various formats of data arriving from customers Process Beginning of Day & End of Day reporting request from customers Meet compliance requirements Process Payments Transmit Payment Status Challenges with this Interaction :  Both the Bank & the Corporate face many challenges from these interactions. Some of the challenges include Keeping a consistent view of transaction data for various LOBs of the corporate & the Bank Corporate customers use different ERPs, hence the data formats are bound to be different Can the Bank’s IT systems convert the data formats that can be easily mapped to the corporate ERP How does the Bank manage the communication profiles of these customers?  Corporate customers are demanding near real time visibility on their corporate accounts Corporate customers can make better cash management decisions if they can analyse the impact. Can the Bank create opportunities to sell its products to the investment desks at corporate houses & manage their orders? How will the Bank bill the corporate customer for the value added services it provides. What does a SOA based Seamless STP solution bring to the table? Highlights of Oracle SOA based STP solution For the Corporate Customer: No Manual or Paper based banking transactions Secure Delivery of Payment data to the Bank from multiple ERPs without customization Single Portal for monitoring & administering payment transactions Rule based validation of payments Customer has data necessary for more effective handling of payment and cash management decisions  Business measurements track progress toward payment cost goals  For the Bank: Reduces time & complexity of transactions Simplifies the process of introducing new products to corporate customers Single Payment hub for all corporate ERP payments across multiple instruments New Revenue sources by delivering value added services to customers Leverages existing payment infrastructure Remove Inconsistent data formats and interchange between bank and corporate systems  Compliance and many other benefits

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  • Proving What You are Worth

    - by Ted Henson
    Here is a challenge for everyone. Just about everyone has been asked to provide or calculate the Return on Investment (ROI), so I will assume everyone has a method they use. The problem with stopping once you have an ROI is that those in the C-Suite probably do not care about the ROI as much as Return on Equity (ROE). Shareholders are mostly concerned with their return on the money the invested. Warren Buffett looks at ROE when deciding whether to make a deal or not. This article will outline how you can add more meaning to your ROI and show how you can potentially enhance the ROE of the company.   First I want to start with a base definition I am using for ROI and ROE. Return on investment (ROI) and return on equity (ROE) are ways to measure management effectiveness, parts of a system of measures that also includes profit margins for profitability, price-to-earnings ratio for valuation, and various debt-to-equity ratios for financial strength. Without a set of evaluation metrics, a company's financial performance cannot be fully examined by investors. ROI and ROE calculate the rate of return on a specific investment and the equity capital respectively, assessing how efficient financial resources have been used. Typically, the best way to improve financial efficiency is to reduce production cost, so that will be the focus. Now that the challenge has been made and items have been defined, let’s go deeper. Most research about implementation stops short at system start-up and seldom addresses post-implementation issues. However, we know implementation is a continuous improvement effort, and continued efforts after system start-up will influence the ultimate success of a system.   Most UPK ROI’s I have seen only include the cost savings in developing the training material. Some will also include savings based on reduced Help Desk calls. Using just those values you get a good ROI. To get an ROE you need to go a little deeper. Typically, the best way to improve financial efficiency is to reduce production cost, which is the purpose of implementing/upgrading an enterprise application. Let’s assume the new system is up and running and all users have been properly trained and are comfortable using the system. You provide senior management with your ROI that justifies the original cost. What you want to do now is develop a good base value to a measure the current efficiency. Using usage tracking you can look for various patterns. For example, you may find that users that are accessing UPK assistance are processing a procedure, such as entering an order, 5 minutes faster than those that don’t.  You do some research and discover each minute saved in processing a claim saves the company one dollar. That translates to the company saving five dollars on every transaction. Assuming 100,000 transactions are performed a year, and all users improve their performance, the company will be saving $500,000 a year. That $500,000 can be re-invested, used to reduce debt or paid to the shareholders.   With continued refinement during the life cycle, you should be able to find ways to reduce cost. These are the type of numbers and productivity gains that senior management and shareholders want to see. Being able to quantify savings and increase productivity may also help when seeking a raise or promotion.

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  • Hit one key to hold a second key down, until third is pressed

    - by Core Xii
    I'm trying to get the following behavior with AutoHotKey: When the A key is pressed, AHK holds down the S key until the D key is pressed. The following script isn't working as expected: a:: Send {s Down} return d:: if (GetKeyState("s", "P")) { Send {s Up} } return Neither is the following: a:: release_s = 0 Loop { SendInput, s if release_s break } return d:: release_s = 1 return

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  • AD Password About to Expire check problem with ASP.Net

    - by Vince
    Hello everyone, I am trying to write some code to check the AD password age during a user login and notify them of the 15 remaining days. I am using the ASP.Net code that I found on the Microsoft MSDN site and I managed to add a function that checks the if the account is set to change password at next login. The login and the change password at next login works great but I am having some problems with the check for the password age. This is the VB.Net code for the DLL file: Imports System Imports System.Text Imports System.Collections Imports System.DirectoryServices Imports System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement Imports System.Reflection 'Needed by the Password Expiration Class Only -Vince Namespace FormsAuth Public Class LdapAuthentication Dim _path As String Dim _filterAttribute As String 'Code added for the password expiration added by Vince Private _domain As DirectoryEntry Private _passwordAge As TimeSpan = TimeSpan.MinValue Const UF_DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD As Integer = &H10000 'Function added by Vince Public Sub New() Dim root As New DirectoryEntry("LDAP://rootDSE") root.AuthenticationType = AuthenticationTypes.Secure _domain = New DirectoryEntry("LDAP://" & root.Properties("defaultNamingContext")(0).ToString()) _domain.AuthenticationType = AuthenticationTypes.Secure End Sub 'Function added by Vince Public ReadOnly Property PasswordAge() As TimeSpan Get If _passwordAge = TimeSpan.MinValue Then Dim ldate As Long = LongFromLargeInteger(_domain.Properties("maxPwdAge")(0)) _passwordAge = TimeSpan.FromTicks(ldate) End If Return _passwordAge End Get End Property Public Sub New(ByVal path As String) _path = path End Sub 'Function added by Vince Public Function DoesUserHaveToChangePassword(ByVal userName As String) As Boolean Dim ctx As PrincipalContext = New PrincipalContext(System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement.ContextType.Domain) Dim up = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(ctx, userName) Return (Not up.LastPasswordSet.HasValue) 'returns true if last password set has no value. End Function Public Function IsAuthenticated(ByVal domain As String, ByVal username As String, ByVal pwd As String) As Boolean Dim domainAndUsername As String = domain & "\" & username Dim entry As DirectoryEntry = New DirectoryEntry(_path, domainAndUsername, pwd) Try 'Bind to the native AdsObject to force authentication. Dim obj As Object = entry.NativeObject Dim search As DirectorySearcher = New DirectorySearcher(entry) search.Filter = "(SAMAccountName=" & username & ")" search.PropertiesToLoad.Add("cn") Dim result As SearchResult = search.FindOne() If (result Is Nothing) Then Return False End If 'Update the new path to the user in the directory. _path = result.Path _filterAttribute = CType(result.Properties("cn")(0), String) Catch ex As Exception Throw New Exception("Error authenticating user. " & ex.Message) End Try Return True End Function Public Function GetGroups() As String Dim search As DirectorySearcher = New DirectorySearcher(_path) search.Filter = "(cn=" & _filterAttribute & ")" search.PropertiesToLoad.Add("memberOf") Dim groupNames As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder() Try Dim result As SearchResult = search.FindOne() Dim propertyCount As Integer = result.Properties("memberOf").Count Dim dn As String Dim equalsIndex, commaIndex Dim propertyCounter As Integer For propertyCounter = 0 To propertyCount - 1 dn = CType(result.Properties("memberOf")(propertyCounter), String) equalsIndex = dn.IndexOf("=", 1) commaIndex = dn.IndexOf(",", 1) If (equalsIndex = -1) Then Return Nothing End If groupNames.Append(dn.Substring((equalsIndex + 1), (commaIndex - equalsIndex) - 1)) groupNames.Append("|") Next Catch ex As Exception Throw New Exception("Error obtaining group names. " & ex.Message) End Try Return groupNames.ToString() End Function 'Function added by Vince Public Function WhenExpires(ByVal username As String) As TimeSpan Dim ds As New DirectorySearcher(_domain) ds.Filter = [String].Format("(&(objectClass=user)(objectCategory=person)(sAMAccountName={0}))", username) Dim sr As SearchResult = FindOne(ds) Dim user As DirectoryEntry = sr.GetDirectoryEntry() Dim flags As Integer = CInt(user.Properties("userAccountControl").Value) If Convert.ToBoolean(flags And UF_DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD) Then 'password never expires Return TimeSpan.MaxValue End If 'get when they last set their password Dim pwdLastSet As DateTime = DateTime.FromFileTime(LongFromLargeInteger(user.Properties("pwdLastSet").Value)) ' return pwdLastSet.Add(PasswordAge).Subtract(DateTime.Now); If pwdLastSet.Subtract(PasswordAge).CompareTo(DateTime.Now) > 0 Then Return pwdLastSet.Subtract(PasswordAge).Subtract(DateTime.Now) Else Return TimeSpan.MinValue 'already expired End If End Function 'Function added by Vince Private Function LongFromLargeInteger(ByVal largeInteger As Object) As Long Dim type As System.Type = largeInteger.[GetType]() Dim highPart As Integer = CInt(type.InvokeMember("HighPart", BindingFlags.GetProperty, Nothing, largeInteger, Nothing)) Dim lowPart As Integer = CInt(type.InvokeMember("LowPart", BindingFlags.GetProperty, Nothing, largeInteger, Nothing)) Return CLng(highPart) << 32 Or CUInt(lowPart) End Function 'Function added by Vince Private Function FindOne(ByVal searcher As DirectorySearcher) As SearchResult Dim sr As SearchResult = Nothing Dim src As SearchResultCollection = searcher.FindAll() If src.Count > 0 Then sr = src(0) End If src.Dispose() Return sr End Function End Class End Namespace And this is the Login.aspx page: sub Login_Click(sender as object,e as EventArgs) Dim adPath As String = "LDAP://DC=xxx,DC=com" 'Path to your LDAP directory server Dim adAuth As LdapAuthentication = New LdapAuthentication(adPath) Try If (True = adAuth.DoesUserHaveToChangePassword(txtUsername.Text)) Then Response.Redirect("passchange.htm") ElseIf (True = adAuth.IsAuthenticated(txtDomain.Text, txtUsername.Text, txtPassword.Text)) Then Dim groups As String = adAuth.GetGroups() 'Create the ticket, and add the groups. Dim isCookiePersistent As Boolean = chkPersist.Checked Dim authTicket As FormsAuthenticationTicket = New FormsAuthenticationTicket(1, _ txtUsername.Text, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(60), isCookiePersistent, groups) 'Encrypt the ticket. Dim encryptedTicket As String = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(authTicket) 'Create a cookie, and then add the encrypted ticket to the cookie as data. Dim authCookie As HttpCookie = New HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encryptedTicket) If (isCookiePersistent = True) Then authCookie.Expires = authTicket.Expiration End If 'Add the cookie to the outgoing cookies collection. Response.Cookies.Add(authCookie) 'Retrieve the password life Dim t As TimeSpan = adAuth.WhenExpires(txtUsername.Text) 'You can redirect now. If (passAge.Days = 90) Then errorLabel.Text = "Your password will expire in " & DateTime.Now.Subtract(t) 'errorLabel.Text = "This is" 'System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000) Response.Redirect("http://somepage.aspx") Else Response.Redirect(FormsAuthentication.GetRedirectUrl(txtUsername.Text, False)) End If Else errorLabel.Text = "Authentication did not succeed. Check user name and password." End If Catch ex As Exception errorLabel.Text = "Error authenticating. " & ex.Message End Try End Sub ` Every time I have this Dim t As TimeSpan = adAuth.WhenExpires(txtUsername.Text) enabled, I receive "Arithmetic operation resulted in an overflow." during the login and won't continue. What am I doing wrong? How can I correct this? Please help!! Thank you very much for any help in advance. Vince

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  • Possible reasons for tellg() failing?

    - by Andreas Bonini
    ifstream::tellg() is returning -13 for a certain file. Basically, I wrote a utility that analyzes some source code; I open all files alphabetically, I start with "Apple.cpp" and it works perfectly.. But when it gets to "Conversion.cpp", always on the same file, after reading one line successfully tellg() returns -13. The code in question is: for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); ++i) { /* For each .cpp and .h file */ TextIFile f(files[i]); while (!f.AtEof()) // When it gets to conversion.cpp (not on the others) // first is always successful, second always fails lines.push_back(f.ReadLine()); The code for AtEof is: bool AtEof() { if (mFile.tellg() < 0) FATAL(format("DEBUG - tellg(): %d") % mFile.tellg()); if (mFile.tellg() >= GetSize()) return true; return false; } After it reads successfully the first line of Conversion.cpp, it always crashes with DEBUG - tellg(): -13. This is the whole TextIFile class (wrote by me, the error may be there): class TextIFile { public: TextIFile(const string& path) : mPath(path), mSize(0) { mFile.open(path.c_str(), std::ios::in); if (!mFile.is_open()) FATAL(format("Cannot open %s: %s") % path.c_str() % strerror(errno)); } string GetPath() const { return mPath; } size_t GetSize() { if (mSize) return mSize; const size_t current_position = mFile.tellg(); mFile.seekg(0, std::ios::end); mSize = mFile.tellg(); mFile.seekg(current_position); return mSize; } bool AtEof() { if (mFile.tellg() < 0) FATAL(format("DEBUG - tellg(): %d") % mFile.tellg()); if (mFile.tellg() >= GetSize()) return true; return false; } string ReadLine() { string ret; getline(mFile, ret); CheckErrors(); return ret; } string ReadWhole() { string ret((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(mFile)), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>()); CheckErrors(); return ret; } private: void CheckErrors() { if (!mFile.good()) FATAL(format("An error has occured while performing an I/O operation on %s") % mPath); } const string mPath; ifstream mFile; size_t mSize; }; Platform is Visual Studio, 32 bit, Windows. Edit: Works on Linux. Edit: I found the cause: line endings. Both Conversion and Guid and others had \n instead of \r\n. I saved them with \r\n instead and it worked. Still, this is not supposed to happen is it?

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  • Makeadder example from Ben alman

    - by Matrym
    In the below, where does b come from? I don't see it being passed in, so how could it be returned? function lockInFirstArg( fn, a ) {   return function( b ) {     return fn( a, b );   }; } Link: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/scriptjunkie/gg575560 More complete excerpt (sorry for iPad formatting... No tabs): // More-general functions.   function add( a, b ) {   return a + b; }   function multiply( a, b ) {   return a * b; }   // Relatively flexible more-specific function generator.   function lockInFirstArg( fn, a ) {   return function( b ) {     return fn( a, b );   }; }   var add1 = lockInFirstArg( add, 1 ); add1( 2 );    // 3 add1( 3 );    // 4 add1( 10 );   // 11

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  • Learning Python and trying to get first two letters and last two letters of a string.

    - by Sergio Tapia
    Here's my code: # B. both_ends # Given a string s, return a string made of the first 2 # and the last 2 chars of the original string, # so 'spring' yields 'spng'. However, if the string length # is less than 2, return instead the empty string. def both_ends(s): if len(s) <= 2: return "" else: return s[0] + s[1] + s[len(s)-2] + s[len(s-1)] # +++your code here+++ return Unfortunately my program doesn't run. :( I'm sure I'm overlooking something since I'm a newbie with Python. Here's the error: > Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\Sergio\Desktop\google-python-exercises\google-python-exercises\basic\string1.py", line 120, in <module> main() File "C:\Users\Sergio\Desktop\google-python-exercises\google-python-exercises\basic\string1.py", line 97, in main test(both_ends('spring'), 'spng') File "C:\Users\Sergio\Desktop\google-python-exercises\google-python-exercises\basic\string1.py", line 44, in both_ends return s[0] + s[1] + s[len(s)-2] + s[len(s-1)] TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'str' and 'int' Thanks for the help guys. :D

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  • Notification CeSetUserNotificationEx with custom sound

    - by inTagger
    Hail all! I want to display notification and play custom sound on my Windows Mobile 5/6 device. I have tried something like that, but my custom sound does not play, though message is displayed with standart sound. If i edit Wave key in [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ControlPanel\Notifications{15F11F90-8A5F-454c-89FC-BA9B7AAB0CAD}] to sound file i need then it plays okay. But why there are flag NotificationAction.Sound and property UserNotification.Sound? It doesn't work. Also Vibration and Led don't work, if i use such flags. (You can obtain full project sources from http://dl.dropbox.com/u/1758206/Code/Thunder.zip) var trigger = new UserNotificationTrigger { StartTime = DateTime.Now + TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1), Type = NotificationType.ClassicTime }; var userNotification = new UserNotification { Sound = @"\Windows\Alarm1.wma", Text = "Hail from Penza, Russia!", Action = NotificationAction.Dialog | NotificationAction.Sound, Title = string.Empty, MaxSound = 16384 }; NotificationTools.SetUserNotification(0, trigger, userNotification); UserNotificationTrigger.cs: using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace Thunder.Lib.ThunderMethod1 { /// <summary> /// Specifies the type of notification. /// </summary> public enum NotificationType { /// <summary> /// Equivalent to using the SetUserNotification function. /// The standard command line is supplied. /// </summary> ClassicTime = 4, /// <summary> /// System event notification. /// </summary> Event = 1, /// <summary> /// Time-based notification that is active for the time period between StartTime and EndTime. /// </summary> Period = 3, /// <summary> /// Time-based notification. /// </summary> Time = 2 } /// <summary> /// System Event Flags /// </summary> public enum NotificationEvent { None, TimeChange, SyncEnd, OnACPower, OffACPower, NetConnect, NetDisconnect, DeviceChange, IRDiscovered, RS232Detected, RestoreEnd, Wakeup, TimeZoneChange, MachineNameChange, RndisFNDetected, InternetProxyChange } /// <summary> /// Defines what event activates a notification. /// </summary> [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public class UserNotificationTrigger { internal int dwSize = 52; private int dwType; private int dwEvent; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] private string lpszApplication = string.Empty; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] private string lpszArguments; internal SYSTEMTIME stStartTime; internal SYSTEMTIME stEndTime; /// <summary> /// Specifies the type of notification. /// </summary> public NotificationType Type { get { return (NotificationType) dwType; } set { dwType = (int) value; } } /// <summary> /// Specifies the type of event should Type = Event. /// </summary> public NotificationEvent Event { get { return (NotificationEvent) dwEvent; } set { dwEvent = (int) value; } } /// <summary> /// Name of the application to execute. /// </summary> public string Application { get { return lpszApplication; } set { lpszApplication = value; } } /// <summary> /// Command line (without the application name). /// </summary> public string Arguments { get { return lpszArguments; } set { lpszArguments = value; } } /// <summary> /// Specifies the beginning of the notification period. /// </summary> public DateTime StartTime { get { return stStartTime.ToDateTime(); } set { stStartTime = SYSTEMTIME.FromDateTime(value); } } /// <summary> /// Specifies the end of the notification period. /// </summary> public DateTime EndTime { get { return stEndTime.ToDateTime(); } set { stEndTime = SYSTEMTIME.FromDateTime(value); } } } } UserNotification.cs: using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace Thunder.Lib.ThunderMethod1 { /// <summary> /// Contains information used for a user notification. /// </summary> [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public class UserNotification { private int ActionFlags; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] private string pwszDialogTitle; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] private string pwszDialogText; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] private string pwszSound; private int nMaxSound; private int dwReserved; /// <summary> /// Any combination of the <see cref="T:Thunder.Lib.NotificationAction" /> members. /// </summary> /// <value>Flags which specifies the action(s) to be taken when the notification is triggered.</value> /// <remarks>Flags not valid on a given hardware platform will be ignored.</remarks> public NotificationAction Action { get { return (NotificationAction) ActionFlags; } set { ActionFlags = (int) value; } } /// <summary> /// Required if NotificationAction.Dialog is set, ignored otherwise /// </summary> public string Title { get { return pwszDialogTitle; } set { pwszDialogTitle = value; } } /// <summary> /// Required if NotificationAction.Dialog is set, ignored otherwise. /// </summary> public string Text { get { return pwszDialogText; } set { pwszDialogText = value; } } /// <summary> /// Sound string as supplied to PlaySound. /// </summary> public string Sound { get { return pwszSound; } set { pwszSound = value; } } public int MaxSound { get { return nMaxSound; } set { nMaxSound = value; } } } } NativeMethods.cs: using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace Thunder.Lib.ThunderMethod1 { [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct SYSTEMTIME { public short wYear; public short wMonth; public short wDayOfWeek; public short wDay; public short wHour; public short wMinute; public short wSecond; public short wMillisecond; public static SYSTEMTIME FromDateTime(DateTime dt) { return new SYSTEMTIME { wYear = (short) dt.Year, wMonth = (short) dt.Month, wDayOfWeek = (short) dt.DayOfWeek, wDay = (short) dt.Day, wHour = (short) dt.Hour, wMinute = (short) dt.Minute, wSecond = (short) dt.Second, wMillisecond = (short) dt.Millisecond }; } public DateTime ToDateTime() { if ((((wYear == 0) && (wMonth == 0)) && ((wDay == 0) && (wHour == 0))) && ((wMinute == 0) && (wSecond == 0))) return DateTime.MinValue; return new DateTime(wYear, wMonth, wDay, wHour, wMinute, wSecond, wMillisecond); } } /// <summary> /// Specifies the action to take when a notification event occurs. /// </summary> [Flags] public enum NotificationAction { /// <summary> /// Displays the user notification dialog box. /// </summary> Dialog = 4, /// <summary> /// Flashes the LED. /// </summary> Led = 1, /// <summary> /// Dialog box z-order flag. /// Set if the notification dialog box should come up behind the password. /// </summary> Private = 32, /// <summary> /// Repeats the sound for 10–15 seconds. /// </summary> Repeat = 16, /// <summary> /// Plays the sound specified. /// </summary> Sound = 8, /// <summary> /// Vibrates the device. /// </summary> Vibrate = 2 } internal class NativeMethods { [DllImport("coredll.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)] internal static extern int CeSetUserNotificationEx(int hNotification, UserNotificationTrigger lpTrigger, UserNotification lpUserNotification); } } NotificationTools.cs: using System.ComponentModel; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace Thunder.Lib.ThunderMethod1 { public static class NotificationTools { /// <summary> /// This function modifies an existing user notification. /// </summary> /// <param name="handle">Handle of the Notification to be modified</param> /// <param name="trigger">A UserNotificationTrigger that defines what event activates a notification.</param> /// <param name="notification">A UserNotification that defines how the system should respond when a notification occurs.</param> /// <returns>Handle to the notification event if successful.</returns> public static int SetUserNotification(int handle, UserNotificationTrigger trigger, UserNotification notification) { int num = NativeMethods.CeSetUserNotificationEx(handle, trigger, notification); if (num == 0) throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(), "Error setting UserNotification"); return num; } } }

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