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  • Setup of high-end web server and DB server cluster on Amazon EC2: Is this how it's done?

    - by user1086584
    Amazon is so technical, I want to confirm that my understanding is correct. We have a large 500 GB database. (OrientDB.) We will have it mirrored to one another in the same Availability Zone. We believe the database size will grow rapidly. The plan is: Get 4 large instances that are compatible types with Placement Groups (as well as ideally, Enhanced Networking) (2 for web, 2 for DB.) We use an EBS-backed instances to store our operating system. Discussion here: http://alestic.com/2012/01/ec2-ebs-boot-recommended We can set up ephemeral SSD instance storage as swap space. (But it is lost after even a reboot. I hear its hard to add ephemeral storage if booting from EBS, but possible.) For offsite backup, we will take periodic snapshots and store them on S3. Obviously we need to ensure the database is in a safe state when that snapshot happens to avoid corruption. (Any hints here, aside from shutting down the DB?) If the database gets too big, we need to create a EBS volume that's larger. We can use RAID to break the 1 TB limit: http://alestic.com/2009/06/ec2-ebs-raid Static assets on web servers will be stored on S3. Is that correct? Or am I missing something?

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  • Apache2 - 500 internal server error

    - by Lucio Coire Galibone
    i'm running a VPS with Linux CentOs 6 with 4 GB of RAM, 10 GB of HD and 2 virtual CPU Intel(R) Xeon(R)CPU L5640 @ 2.27GHz. As my host says each virtual CPU must be at least 0.5 physical cpu. At certain times of the day, those with more traffic, trying accessing my php script i receive intermittently "500 internal server error". I activate logging to debug level from apache, and also the PHP logging with E_ALL, but I can't find reference to Error 500 in any logs(I checked the right logs!). I haven't got any .htaccess file in path script. The strange thing is that the error start at first php line in the script (the previous html displays correctly, but at the first php line the script send 500 error). The cpu load is always good (max 0.15 0.08 0.01) and RAM is close to 95% but it arrived to swap just 2 times in a month with 2-5 MB. Apache works with prefork with this values: <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 8 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 20 ServerLimit 280 MaxClients 280 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 </IfModule> Everthing works correctly and I don't get any error in quiet times, but i start receive errors when traffic rises (6-9000 visits per hour). Can i solve the problem increasing resources? (i can upgrade RAM up to 16 GB). It can depend from reaching MaxClients (but apache must write it on log, right?)? If I upgrade RAM to 6 or 8 GB i have to calculate MaxClients value with this? MaxClients = Total RAM dedicated to the web server / Max child process size Max child process size is around 20M. How else can the problem be? Thanks in advance

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  • High load without explanation

    - by Sebastian
    I have a very high load on my machine and don't know what is responsible or how to find out. On the machine runs a jboss appserver and mysql. Here is a top from the user at peak time: top - 16:23:01 up 101 days, 6:50, 1 user, load average: 23.42, 21.53, 24.73 Tasks: 9 total, 1 running, 8 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 17.2%us, 1.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 80.4%id, 0.1%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.7%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16440784k total, 16263720k used, 177064k free, 151916k buffers Swap: 16780872k total, 30428k used, 16750444k free, 8963648k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 27344 b 40 0 16.0g 6.5g 14m S 169 41.7 1184:09 java 6047 b 40 0 11484 1232 1228 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 mysqld_safe 6192 b 40 0 604m 182m 4696 S 0 1.1 93:30.40 mysqld 7948 b 40 0 84036 1968 1176 S 0 0.0 0:00.07 sshd 7949 b 40 0 14004 2900 1608 S 0 0.0 0:00.03 bash 7975 b 40 0 8604 1044 840 S 0 0.0 0:00.44 top The CPU usage of the java process is normal. The peaks only show up when i deployed a certain web application. Could the resulting network traffic boost the load in such way that i don't see it in top?

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  • TeamCity sends inadequate responses after Selenium tests

    - by Dmitriy Sukharev
    I have a TeamCity 7.0.2 at CentOS 6.2 server without X Server. I've installed x11-fonts*, xvfb, firefox, xauth, extracted env. variable DISPLAY=localhost:1, and started xvfb. After that I could start Selenium tests using maven. Tests are executed, but there's an issue with TeamCity. Usually TeamCity starts hehaves absolutely inadequate (it confuses images at the page, sends xml or strange text ampersants and numbers in responses and is a bit slower), also tests are executed 4 times slower (1h 15m) at server than at tester Windows 7-based machine (25m). It worth to notice that tests launch two Jetty servers for tested application (one for REST-services application and another for client). In TeamCity I set JVM command line parameters: -Xms256m -Xmx1224m -XX:MaxPermSize=320m, and Additional Maven command line parameters ends with "-DMAVEN_OPTS=-Xmx1024m" (without quotes). Also both web-services and TeamCity uses the same Oracle server (but different Oracle users). Finally TeamCity and its build agent is at the same server. Server has only 4GB of RAM, but during testing there're 400MB of RAM and 1.2GB of swap. TeamCity and Firefox uses about 65% of CPU during testing. There's no firefox process after end of testing. My knowledge about Selenium is weak. I only know that we use 2.20.0 version of selenium-java maven dependency. Please help me to determine why TeamCity sends wrong responces after Selenium tests. I've tried to give you all information I have, but feel free to ask me for more information.

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  • Switch Windows 8 from a hybrid MBR/GPT => GPT only on Macbook Pro Retina

    - by Sid
    I used DiskUtility+Bootcamp Wizard to setup my hard drive for Windows 8 (final MSDN). Somewhere in that process, the Apple tools turned my GPT disk into a hybrid MBR/GPT. All my 4 primary MBR partitions are used up, so when I try turning on Bitlocker in Windows 8, it complains about not finding a System drive. I know on Windows 8 the Bitlocker setup tries to create the 200(?)MB system partition if it's missing. However with all 4 partitions filled I suspect it can't create system drive = it can't find it = throws back an error like "BitLocker Setup could not find a target system drive. You may need to manually prepare your drive for BitLocker". I've already tried disabling hibernation, swap file etc. Now I'm thinking that if I were to get rid of the MBR scheme altogether, perhaps I can be alright within the GPT world without MBR's 4 primary partitions limit. So, how can I get rid of the MBR tables on the hybrid scheme in a manner that still leaves Mac OS and Windows 8 in working conditions? Details: Hardware is the MacbookPro Retina. Primary MBR partitions are consumed as follows: EFI partition HFS+ partition (=encrypted, therefore ="Apple_CoreStorage") HFS+ partition (Recovery partition, contains unencrypted Mac bootloader) NTFS partition (Windows8 all-in-one partition) diskutil list output sid-mbpr:~ sid$ diskutil list /dev/disk0 #: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER 0: GUID_partition_scheme *251.0 GB disk0 1: EFI 209.7 MB disk0s1 2: Apple_CoreStorage 160.0 GB disk0s2 3: Apple_Boot Recovery HD 650.0 MB disk0s3 4: Microsoft Basic Data Win8 90.1 GB disk0s4 GPT vs MBR addresses sid-mbpr:~ sid$ sudo gptsync /dev/rdisk0 Password: Current GPT partition table: # Start LBA End LBA Type 1 40 409639 EFI System (FAT) 2 409640 312909639 Unknown 3 312909640 314179175 Mac OS X Boot 4 314179584 490233855 Basic Data Current MBR partition table: # A Start LBA End LBA Type 1 1 409639 ee EFI Protective 2 409640 312909639 ac Apple RAID 3 312909640 314179175 ab Mac OS X Boot 4 * 314179584 490233855 07 NTFS/HPFS Status: GPT partition of type 'Unknown' found, will not touch this disk.** **: Ignore this message, the gptsync tool is old and doesn't understand the UUID for "Apple_CoreStorage" / FileVault2 partitions. Since LBA addresses are alright, safe to ignore this message.

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  • Nice level not working on linux

    - by xioxox
    I have some highly floating point intensive processes doing very little I/O. One is called "xspec", which calculates a numerical model and returns a floating point result back to a master process every second (via stdout). It is niced at the 19 level. I have another simple process "cpufloattest" which just does numerical computations in a tight loop. It is not niced. I have a 4-core i7 system with hyperthreading disabled. I have started 4 of each type of process. Why is the Linux scheduler (Linux 3.4.2) not properly limiting the CPU time taken up by the niced processes? Cpu(s): 56.2%us, 1.0%sy, 41.8%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.9%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st Mem: 12297620k total, 12147472k used, 150148k free, 831564k buffers Swap: 2104508k total, 71172k used, 2033336k free, 4753956k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 32399 jss 20 0 44728 32m 772 R 62.7 0.3 4:17.93 cpufloattest 32400 jss 20 0 44728 32m 744 R 53.1 0.3 4:14.17 cpufloattest 32402 jss 20 0 44728 32m 744 R 51.1 0.3 4:14.09 cpufloattest 32398 jss 20 0 44728 32m 744 R 48.8 0.3 4:15.44 cpufloattest 3989 jss 39 19 1725m 690m 7744 R 44.1 5.8 1459:59 xspec 3981 jss 39 19 1725m 689m 7744 R 42.1 5.7 1459:34 xspec 3985 jss 39 19 1725m 689m 7744 R 42.1 5.7 1460:51 xspec 3993 jss 39 19 1725m 691m 7744 R 38.8 5.8 1458:24 xspec The scheduler does what I expect if I start 8 of the cpufloattest processes, with 4 of them niced (i.e. 4 with most of the CPU, and 4 with very little)

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  • GlusterFS is failing to mount on boot

    - by J. Pablo Fernández
    I'm running the official GlusterFS 3.5 packages on Ubuntu 12.04 and everything seems to be working fine, except mounting the GlusterFS volumes at boot time. This is what I see in the log files: [2014-06-13 08:52:28.139382] I [glusterfsd.c:1959:main] 0-/usr/sbin/glusterfs: Started running /usr/sbin/glusterfs version 3.5.0 (/usr/sbin/glusterfs --volfile-server=koraga --volfile-id=/private_uploads /var/www/shared/private/uploads) [2014-06-13 08:52:28.147186] I [socket.c:3561:socket_init] 0-glusterfs: SSL support is NOT enabled [2014-06-13 08:52:28.147237] I [socket.c:3576:socket_init] 0-glusterfs: using system polling thread [2014-06-13 08:52:28.148183] E [socket.c:2161:socket_connect_finish] 0-glusterfs: connection to 176.58.113.205:24007 failed (Connection refused) [2014-06-13 08:52:28.148236] E [glusterfsd-mgmt.c:1601:mgmt_rpc_notify] 0-glusterfsd-mgmt: failed to connect with remote-host: koraga (No data available) [2014-06-13 08:52:28.148251] I [glusterfsd-mgmt.c:1607:mgmt_rpc_notify] 0-glusterfsd-mgmt: Exhausted all volfile servers [2014-06-13 08:52:28.148477] W [glusterfsd.c:1095:cleanup_and_exit] (-->/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgfrpc.so.0(rpc_transport_notify+0x27) [0x7fe077f8e0f7] (-->/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgfrpc.so.0(rpc_clnt_notify+0x1a4) [0x7fe077f91cc4] (-->/usr/sbin/glusterfs(+0xcada) [0x7fe078655ada]))) 0-: received signum (1), shutting down [2014-06-13 08:52:28.148513] I [fuse-bridge.c:5444:fini] 0-fuse: Unmounting '/var/www/shared/private/uploads'. My fstab contains: proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/xvda / ext4 noatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1 /dev/xvdb none swap sw 0 0 /dev/xvdc /var/lib/glusterfs/brick01 ext4 defaults 1 2 koraga:/private_uploads /var/www/shared/private/uploads glusterfs defaults,_netdev 0 0 Any ideas what's going on and/or how to fix it?

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  • Find out which task is generating a lot of context switches on linux

    - by Gaks
    According to vmstat, my Linux server (2xCore2 Duo 2.5 GHz) is constantly doing around 20k context switches per second. # vmstat 3 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 2 0 7292 249472 82340 2291972 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 13 79 0 0 0 7292 251808 82344 2291968 0 0 0 184 24 20090 1 1 99 0 0 0 7292 251876 82344 2291968 0 0 0 83 17 20157 1 0 99 0 0 0 7292 251876 82344 2291968 0 0 0 73 12 20116 1 0 99 0 ... but uptime shows small load: load average: 0.01, 0.02, 0.01 and top doesn't show any process with high %CPU usage. How do I find out what exactly is generating those context switches? Which process/thread? I tried to analyze pidstat output: # pidstat -w 10 1 12:39:13 PID cswch/s nvcswch/s Command 12:39:23 1 0.20 0.00 init 12:39:23 4 0.20 0.00 ksoftirqd/0 12:39:23 7 1.60 0.00 events/0 12:39:23 8 1.50 0.00 events/1 12:39:23 89 0.50 0.00 kblockd/0 12:39:23 90 0.30 0.00 kblockd/1 12:39:23 995 0.40 0.00 kirqd 12:39:23 997 0.60 0.00 kjournald 12:39:23 1146 0.20 0.00 svscan 12:39:23 2162 5.00 0.00 kjournald 12:39:23 2526 0.20 2.00 postgres 12:39:23 2530 1.00 0.30 postgres 12:39:23 2534 5.00 3.20 postgres 12:39:23 2536 1.40 1.70 postgres 12:39:23 12061 10.59 0.90 postgres 12:39:23 14442 1.50 2.20 postgres 12:39:23 15416 0.20 0.00 monitor 12:39:23 17289 0.10 0.00 syslogd 12:39:23 21776 0.40 0.30 postgres 12:39:23 23638 0.10 0.00 screen 12:39:23 25153 1.00 0.00 sshd 12:39:23 25185 86.61 0.00 daemon1 12:39:23 25190 12.19 35.86 postgres 12:39:23 25295 2.00 0.00 screen 12:39:23 25743 9.99 0.00 daemon2 12:39:23 25747 1.10 3.00 postgres 12:39:23 26968 5.09 0.80 postgres 12:39:23 26969 5.00 0.00 postgres 12:39:23 26970 1.10 0.20 postgres 12:39:23 26971 17.98 1.80 postgres 12:39:23 27607 0.90 0.40 postgres 12:39:23 29338 4.30 0.00 screen 12:39:23 31247 4.10 23.58 postgres 12:39:23 31249 82.92 34.77 postgres 12:39:23 31484 0.20 0.00 pdflush 12:39:23 32097 0.10 0.00 pidstat Looks like some postgresql tasks are doing 10 context swiches per second, but it doesn't all sum up to 20k anyway. Any idea how to dig a little deeper for an answer?

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  • Linux: prevent VNC from swapping like mad

    - by Weezy
    I'm accessing a MacMini (with MacOS X 10.4) from my Linux machine using VNC and there's an issue that is driving me crazy... My Linux machine has 4 GB of ram and I run a lot of various apps on it and I've got no issue at all. It's all snappy and don't hear the hard disk swapping/read/writing too often. Now with VNC, the hard disk is swapping like mad... When I'm moving things on the OS X desktop. So I was thinking of creating a ramdisk and forcing the temp VNC files to go into that ramdisk but the problem is I can't find any temp files. I've attempted to do that: #!/bin/bash while [ true ] do lsof | grep vnc done And eyeball parse the output to try to find some temp file: no luck. The VNC version I'm using is this one: $ vncviewer -version VNC Viewer Free Edition 4.1.1 for X - built Jan 30 2009 19:33:16 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. No matter how much data is coming from the Mac, there should be plenty of memory (4 GB of ram) so there's really no reason to swap like crazy. This is driving me mad. Any help as to how I could solve this problem is most welcome because this is literally driving me nuts.

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  • What GPT partition type to use for protecting DRBD metadata?

    - by Carsten Scholtes
    I'm planning to install a DRBD device on a (replicated) disk with two GPT partitions. DRBD requires some space for (preferentially "internal") metadata at the end of the underlying device. I'm hesitant to leave this space unpartitionend (or unformatted in a normal partition). I'd like to reserve an extra partition at the end of the underlying disk device for the metadata. (If I understand correctly, DRBD would not care about the partition or its type and could then use that space exclusively.) My question is: Which would be a suitable GPT partition type for such a metadata partition? It should not be a type interpreted while booting (such as EF00 EFI System). It should not be a type prone to be modified accidentialy by the booted OS (such as 8200 Linux swap, 8e00 Linux LVM, fd00 Linux raid). (The booted OS will be Ubuntu Linux 12.04.3.) It should not be a type indicating a normal filesystem (such as 0c01 or 8301), prone to be formatted correspondingly. It should not be a type requiring any special content in the partition (since the content is to be handled exclusively by DRBD). It should express the purpose of being reserved for something special (namely DRBD). (The types I listed are as provided by gdisk. I'm thinking about using some type unlikely to be used by the OS (maybe bf0a Solaris Reserved 4) or an invented(?) type such as fd01 (close to fd00 Linux raid…). Would something like this be suitable, too dangerous or even possible?)

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  • How to configure SCSI hard drives and RAID for Poweredge 2850 web server

    - by Saul
    I'm trying to set up a Poweredge 2850 as a web server, but as a server novice it's causing me some confusion. Its a virgin install so no data to be lost as yet, so I'd like to get the best arrangement for setting up Windows Server 2008. The box will run IIS, a mail and FTP server. The current physical arrangement of the hot swap drives is 1 73GB 3 146GB 5 blank 0 73GB 2 146GB 4 146GB (but flashes green, amber off) When I enter the PERC config screens on boot up I've got Raid Ch- 0 ID 0 ONLIN A00-00 1 ONLIN A00-01 2 ONLIN A01-00 3 ONLIN A01-01 4 HOTSP I think that drives 0 and 1 are set to RAID 1 and drives 2 and 3 are also set to RAID 1, certainly I can see 2 logical drives, both raid 1 of 69880MB and 139900MB Now what I think I am getting here is that the 2 73GB drives mirror each other and the 2 146GB drives mirror 2? so by my noob thinking if a drive fails I can pull it, insert and new one and it will reduplicate from its matching pair? I think the flashing amber probably indicates a failing drive in slot 4, should that just be binned? What confuses me coming from a home user XP background is that when I load up Windows Server 2008 OS under my computer I only see a C drive of about 70GB capacity. i.e wheres the 146GB drive? Any advice appreciated

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  • Physical-to-virtual for personal use

    - by Journeyman Geek
    One of my current projects involves reducing the number of old computers lying around. So far, the office systems have been downsized from 5 to 2. One system which had no data on it was dumped entirely, while three other identical boxes were consolidated into to one (I swap hard drives as needed and they just work(tm)). I want to make further cuts. The physical systems in question all run windows xp sp3, and were old Pentium 4s with 256 MB of RAM. Currently, I have got a VirtualBox running on another system. My intention is to migrate all services to that. We can assume that disk space and RAM on the host is not an issue. I'd rather not go with a client-server physical-to-virtual (P2V) method like what VirtualBox uses now. I have a few specific concerns as well - specifically whether I'd need to reactivate or sysprep for dissimilar hardware first. An offline tool for imaging (Windows or Linux) would not be an issue since the drives could be mounted onto another system I have anyway or I could use a LiveCD. What would be my options for P2V conversion, and what would I need to keep in mind when doing this?

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  • How can I setup BluePill to Monitor a Rails App Running via Passenger (mod_rails)

    - by Jim Jeffers
    I recently launched a site running phusion passenger. Unfortunately, the site went down due to a frozen thread. I was able to save the server by doing kill -9 to the specific PID. Still though, I thought passenger was able to manage this automatically. I have a server with 1GB of memory running one rails app with passenger allotted up to 7 instances. However, when I came to discover the site went down I found that passenger had spawned 6 instances with one of them using up over 800mb of memory causing the server to swap. As a result I am hoping to setup something like bluepill on the server but I'm slightly confused as to how you go about doing it. Mainly because bluepill expects to start/stop the processes it's monitoring. However, in our case, passenger already restarts processes for us so we only need to monitor the pids of passengers instances and kill them once they've gotten too large. Has anyone here setup BluePill to monitor a rails app running under phusion's passenger? Any insight would be useful.

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  • VNC failure on Xen

    - by BCable
    The following config works and creates a good VM in Xen: # Kernel Setup kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18.8-xenU" # Memory memory = "256" # Disk disk = [ "file:/opt/xen/domains/110/sda1.img,sda1,w", "file:/opt/xen/domains/110/swap.img,sda2,w" ] # container name name = "110" hostname = "boo" # Networking vif = ["type=ieomu, bridge=xenbr0"] # VNC vnc = 1 #vfb = [ 'type=vnc,vncdisplay=2,vnclisten=0.0.0.0,vncpasswd=110' ] # Behavior Settings root = "/dev/sda1" extra = "fastboot" But when I uncomment the VFB line, I get the following error after it hangs for at least 30 seconds: [root@customer 110]# xm create boo.cfg Using config file "./boo.cfg". Error: Device 0 (vkbd) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working. Any ideas? Part two of this question: Sometimes it actually works, and a port is opened. When this happens, nmap shows the VNC ports open and I can connect via the VNC client, but it just hangs at "Connection established." and no VNC display shows up. I've tried multiple VNC clients (TightVNC, TightVNC Java Console, RealVNC), but they all fail to connect. Does VNC through Xen require X to be started in order to function? I was under the impression that it would show the console screen, so I'm confused as to why all these issues are occurring. Thanks!

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  • NFS high CPU usage

    - by user269836
    Hello, I have a very strange issue. I have next server: Intel(R) Xeon(TM) MP CPU 3.16GHz cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep proce | wc -l 8 free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 28203 27606 596 0 10789 9714 -/+ buffers/cache: 7103 21100 Swap: 24695 0 24695 RAID card *-storage description: RAID bus controller product: MegaRAID vendor: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic physical id: 7 bus info: pci@0000:13:07.0 logical name: scsi2 version: 01 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: storage pm bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=megaraid latency=32 resources: irq:134 memory:d8ff0000-d8ffffff(prefetchable) memory:df600000-df60ffff(prefetchable) HDD: 10x148Gb SCSI U320 15k - RAID5 /dev/sdb1 807G 674G 93G 88% /storage /dev/sdb1 /storage ext4 defaults,usrjquota=aquota.user,grpjquota=aquota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0,noatime,nodiratime,noacl,errors=remount-ro 0 1 network cards ethtool -i eth0 driver: tg3 version: 3.116 firmware-version: 5704-v3.36, ASFIPMIc v2.36 bus-info: 0000:10:02.0 ethtool -i eth1 driver: tg3 version: 3.116 firmware-version: 5704-v3.36, ASFIPMIc v2.36 bus-info: 0000:10:02.0 ifconfig bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0f:1f:ff:d6:4d inet addr:192.168.15.71 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20f:1fff:feff:d64d/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1062818202 errors:0 dropped:3918 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1041317321 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:10000 RX bytes:258867684559 (241.0 GiB) TX bytes:396569192650 (369.3 GiB) this server running only nfs-kernel-server uname -a Linux nas2-backup 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 10:07:46 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux Debian 6. What do I have, once per day or two, LA goes up, it can be reached around LA: 40 but if I do: nfs-kernel-server restart. Every thing is OK. But on the next day or a little bit later, LA goes up again. Servers are connected to d-link dgs 1016d with 24 GBits ports. I have tried everything to find out what the problem is. Why it's happening, but still I can not resolve this issue. Any ideas on what is happening here?

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  • repair partition table

    - by m.sr
    Hallo. I've just overwritten my partition table of my system's hard disk. i made a cfdisk on the wrong device (/dev/sda instead of /dev/sdd), deleted all partitions, made one new primary spanning over the whole device, set its type to 07 (NTFS) and hit write. So here i am with my system running. Until i reboot, i hope/guess nothing will change - meaning: all my data is accessible (I'm currently making a dd-backup of the whole device and plan to make a .tar.gz-backup of the most important data later). I also backed up /proc/partitions, /proc/diskstats (even though i guess this is more about throughput and stuff like this ...) and /sys/block/sda/sda?/{start,size}. Some further things i know: 4 primary partitions 1st partition: ~100Mb, ext3, /boot 2nd partition: ~100Mb, "Win7 Boot Partition", ntfs(?) 3rd partition: ~20...30GB, Win7, ntfs 4th partition: ~20...30GB, luks-encrypted device The luks- de crypted device is a LVM-PV The /, /home & swap-partitions are all LVs on the (VG on the) above noted PV So my questions: What is the simplest way to just write the kernels partition table to the disk? What is the simplest way to take the above mentioned (and perhaps other I don't know of ...) data and generate the partition table? Are there any problems to take care of regarding to luks and/or lvm? Is there any data I should backup before rebooting (meanig stuff from kernel [ /sys/..., /proc/...] and so on, which could help me regenerate the partition table)? Thanks a lot! P.S.: debian sid, Kernel 2.6.34-1-amd64 from debian-experimental, 80GB Intel SSD

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  • Where is my CPU usage going?

    - by Josh
    My Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid virtual machine is saying it's at 100% CPU usage... but all I'm running is Thunderbird. According to top, CPU usage should be ~25.9%... How do I interpret this conflicting output from top? top - 13:55:26 up 3:35, 4 users, load average: 3.03, 2.59, 2.48 Tasks: 178 total, 1 running, 177 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 16.0%us, 79.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 1.3%hi, 3.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 509364k total, 479108k used, 30256k free, 3092k buffers Swap: 2096440k total, 58380k used, 2038060k free, 225116k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 7708 jnet 20 0 480m 109m 17m S 18.4 22.1 21:59.14 thunderbird-bin 4615 jnet 20 0 5488 1268 1040 S 2.3 0.2 5:00.03 nx-rootless-ses 7124 jnet 20 0 56688 27m 4812 S 2.0 5.5 6:35.09 nxagent 6724 nx 20 0 9628 1400 636 S 1.6 0.3 3:26.59 sshd 30106 root 20 0 2544 1236 908 R 0.7 0.2 0:00.33 top 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:22.45 ata/0 38 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:05.53 scsi_eh_1 345 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:04.72 kjournald 1719 root 20 0 3260 1192 944 S 0.3 0.2 0:17.36 vmware-guestd 1 root 20 0 2804 1356 940 S 0.0 0.3 0:01.99 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.15 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 ... Specifically I'm referring to the fact that the CPU usage totals show 0% idle time: Cpu(s): 16.0%us, 79.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 1.3%hi, 3.0%si, 0.0%st Yet when adding up the percentages in the %CPU column I get 25.9%, not 100%!

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  • Messed up USB stick doesn't show in blkid

    - by Felix
    I was playing around with a USB stick (booting archlinux with qemu off of it and trying to perform an installation on the same stick at the same time -- brave, I know, but I was just messing around). Now, after failing to boot and install at the same time, it seems I have sort of messed up my stick. What I think happened is that I used cfdisk to wipe everything on it and create one big partition, but formatting it then failed, so now there's a big partition with no filesystem. Just to make it clear: I'm not worried for my stick, I know I can recover it at any point. What I find intriguing is that after plugging the stick into my computer (using Ubuntu), there's no (terminal) way to find out what block device (/dev/sdx) it has associated. The only way I could determine that was with GParted: But blkid shows the following: /dev/sda1: UUID="12F695CFF695B387" LABEL="System Reserved" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda2: UUID="A0BAA6EABAA6BC62" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb1: UUID="546aec8b-9ad6-4571-b07a-adba63e25820" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdb2: UUID="2a8b82d8-6c6e-4053-a446-bab970d93d7c" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdb3: UUID="7cbede7d-c930-4e59-9d1b-01f2d79bd092" TYPE="ext4" No trace of /dev/sdc. My question is: if I didn't have a graphical interface (to use GParted), how would I have known which block device is my stick?

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  • Ubuntu 13.04 to 13.10: Filesystem check or mount failed [migrated]

    - by SamHuckaby
    I attempted to upgrade from Ubuntu 13.04 to 13.10 today, and mid upgrade the system started flaking out, and eventually locked up entirely. I was forced to restart the computer, and am now unable to get the computer to boot up at all. When I boot currently, it takes me to the GRUB menu, and I can choose to boot normally, or boot in an older version. I have tried several things, which I list below, but no matter what, when I try to finish booting into Ubuntu, I receive the following error: Filesystem check or mount failed. A maintenance shell will now be started. CONTROL-D will terminate this shell and continue booting after re-trying filesystems. Any further errors will be ignored root@ubuntu-computername:~# I have fun fsck -f and everything appears correct, no errors are reported. and it passes all 5 checks. If I run fdisk -l then I get the following information: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00010824 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 608456703 304227328 83 Linux /dev/sda2 608458750 625141759 8341505 5 Extended Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda5 608458752 625141759 8341504 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0fb4b7e8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 8192 625139711 312565760 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT I am considering just installing a new OS on the other disk, that currently has nothing on it, and then just attempting to scrape my data off the old disk (thankfully I didn't encrypt the files). Really my question is this: Can I salvage this Ubuntu install, or should I give up and just reinstall?

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  • Server load high, CPU idle. NFS the cause?

    - by Mech Software
    I am running into a scenario where I'm seeing a high server load (sometimes upwards of 20 or 30) and a very low CPU usage (98% idle). I'm wondering if these wait states are coming as part of an NFS filesystem connection. Here is what I see in VMStat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 2 1 0 1298784 0 0 0 0 16 5 0 9 1 1 97 2 0 0 1 0 1308016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3882 4 3 80 13 0 0 1 0 1307960 0 0 0 0 120 0 0 2960 0 0 88 12 0 0 1 0 1295868 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 4235 1 2 84 13 0 6 0 0 1292740 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5003 1 1 98 0 0 4 0 0 1300860 0 0 0 0 0 120 0 11194 4 3 93 0 0 4 1 0 1304576 0 0 0 0 240 0 0 11259 4 3 88 6 0 3 1 0 1298952 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9268 7 5 70 19 0 3 1 0 1303740 0 0 0 0 88 8 0 8088 4 3 81 13 0 5 0 0 1304052 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6348 4 4 93 0 0 0 0 0 1307952 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7366 5 4 91 0 0 0 0 0 1307744 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3201 0 0 100 0 0 4 0 0 1294644 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5514 1 2 97 0 0 3 0 0 1301272 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11508 4 3 93 0 0 3 0 0 1307788 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11822 5 3 92 0 0 From what I can tell when the IO goes up the waits go up. Could NFS be the cause here or should I be worried about something else? This is a VPS box on a fiber channel SAN. I'd think the bottleneck wouldn't be the SAN. Comments?

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  • VNC on Xen failure

    - by BCable
    The following config works and creates a good VM in Xen: # Kernel Setup kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18.8-xenU" # Memory memory = "256" # Disk disk = [ "file:/opt/xen/domains/110/sda1.img,sda1,w", "file:/opt/xen/domains/110/swap.img,sda2,w" ] # container name name = "110" hostname = "boo" # Networking vif = ["type=ieomu, bridge=xenbr0"] # VNC vnc = 1 #vfb = [ 'type=vnc,vncdisplay=2,vnclisten=0.0.0.0,vncpasswd=110' ] # Behavior Settings root = "/dev/sda1" extra = "fastboot" But when I uncomment the VFB line, I get the following error after it hangs for at least 30 seconds: [root@customer 110]# xm create boo.cfg Using config file "./boo.cfg". Error: Device 0 (vkbd) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working. Any ideas? Part two of this question: Sometimes it actually works, and a port is opened. When this happens, nmap shows the VNC ports open and I can connect via the VNC client, but it just hangs at "Connection established." and no VNC display shows up. I've tried multiple VNC clients (TightVNC, TightVNC Java Console, RealVNC), but they all fail to connect. Does VNC through Xen require X to be started in order to function? I was under the impression that it would show the console screen, so I'm confused as to why all these issues are occurring. Thanks!

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  • changing filesystem format from xfs to ext4 without losing data

    - by A.Rashad
    I have a fresh Lucid Lynx (Ubuntu 10.04) running on a laptop. where I defined the filesystems as: mount point / on ext4 (46 Gb) mount point /home on jfs (63 GB) swap as 3 Gb I left the machine over night to do some task, without AC power supply. next day in the morning I found it on standby, task completed, but filesystem was not reachable. it gave me I/O error it seems that there is a problem with jfs and standby. anyways, to avoid any hassle, I want to move this mount point from jfs format to ext4. can I do this without losing data and without the need to place the data in a temporary location until transformation is done? sorry to mention that, but I recall back in the windows days, we would change a FAT16 to FAT32 or a FAT32 to NTFS without having to lose the data. I hope this is available on Linux. Update The /home filesystem was xfs not jfs, and it seems there is a bug with this filesystem for some reason, I had to re-install the OS twice until I ended up with ext4 for the entire / However, as a conclusion, it seems that there is no way to make a conversion

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  • CentOS - mdadm raid1 drive won't mount to default location

    - by danny
    I'm running CentOS 5.5, the system, boot, swap, etc. is all on /dev/sda and I have two identical single-partition drives /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 that are configured in RAID1 (using mdadm). It was working fine (configured to mount to /mnt/data in the fstab file) and I recently let yum install a couple of automatic updates without paying attention to what they were, and now it doesn't work. Raid is working fine (dmesg shows it gets loaded correctly). mdstat shows: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdc1[1] sdb1[0] XXXX blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> Additionally, I can mount it anywhere other than its default directory (i.e. the following works, and I can read data off the drives). # mount /dev/md0 /mnt/data2 EXT3-fs warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended But when I run the following I get: # mount -a mount: /dev/sdb1 already mounted or /mnt/data busy It says nothing is mounted when I try to umount /dev/sdb1 or umount /mnt/data, so I assume it's the second of those errors. However, lsof | grep mnt shows nothing. The weird thing is that I can save files in /mnt/data. So something is obviously mounted there, but when I try to umount it I get the error that nothing is mounted. /etc/mtab doesn't mention any of the partitions or files I am trying to work with, and fstab just has that one line I mentioned above that is supposed to mount my raid partition. Again, it was all working fine until I On Google I've found a few things about dmraid interfering with mdadm after an update, but I yum remove'd dmraid and rebooted and it didn't help. I'm really confused and need to get this working to get on with my work!

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  • gpg symmetric encryption using pipes

    - by Thomas
    I'm trying to generate keys to lock my drive (using DM-Crypt with LUKS) by pulling data from /dev/random and then encrypting that using GPG. In the guide I'm using, it suggests using the following command: dd if=/dev/random count=1 | gpg --symmetric -a >./[drive]_key.gpg If you do it without a pipe, and feed it a file, it will pop up an (n?)curses prompt for you to type in a password. However when I pipe in the data, it repeats the following message four times and sits there frozen: pinentry-curses: no LC_CTYPE known assuming UTF-8 It also says can't connect to '/root/.gnupg/S.gpg-agent': File or directory doesn't exist, however I am assuming that this doesn't have anything to do with it, since it shows up even when the input is from a file. So I guess my question boils down to this: is there a way to force gpg to accept the passphrase from the command line, or in some other way get this to work, or will I have to write the data from /dev/random to a temporary file, and then encrypt that file? (Which as far as I know should be alright due to the fact that I'm doing this on the LiveCD and haven't yet created the swap, so there should be no way for it to be written to disk.)

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  • Identifying Hard Drive as performance bottleneck for desktop machines

    - by Programming Hero
    I'm working in a development team where we all use laptops so we can work in multiple locations. These laptops are proving notoriously slow for development work, but at a glance they all look to have the specification for a much faster experience: CPU - Intel Core 2 Duo T7500 Memory - 2GB of RAM We all experience the biggest delays when the hard-drives are being accessed, particularly when swap-files are being thrashed. After doing a little bit of profile, a colleague discovered that our HDDs are seeing Read/Write speeds of about 10MB/sec. This seems abnormally low and we believe it the cause of the problem. Sensibly (though somewhat annoyingly) our business wont blow money on faster drives just to see if it fixes the problem; we need to illustrate this is definitely the problem and that buying some solid-state drives will make it go away. I need some way of showing how 90% of the system resources aren't being used over the course of a day, and that whenever there is utilization, it's all in HDD reads or writes. Are there any tools I could use to provide this information? Does it seem likely the problem is going to be fixed by a faster drive? Should I be looking for alternatives?

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