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  • Last Observation Carried Forward In a data frame?

    - by Tal Galili
    Hi all, I wish to implement a "Last Observation Carried Forward" for a data set I am working on which has missing values at the end of it. Here is a simple code to do it (question after it): LOCF <- function(x) { # Last Observation Carried Forward (for a left to right series) LOCF <- max(which(!is.na(x))) # the location of the Last Observation to Carry Forward x[LOCF:length(x)] <- x[LOCF] return(x) } # example: LOCF(c(1,2,3,4,NA,NA)) LOCF(c(1,NA,3,4,NA,NA)) Now this works great for simple vectors. But if I where to try and use it on a data frame: a <- data.frame(rep("a",4), 1:4,1:4, c(1,NA,NA,NA)) a t(apply(a, 1, LOCF)) # will make a mess It will turn my data frame into a character matrix. Can you think of a way to do LOCF on a data.frame, without turning it into a matrix? (I could use loops and such to correct the mess, but would love for a more elegant solution) Cheers, Tal

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  • How to resize an openGL window created with wglCreateContext?

    - by Nick
    Is it possible to resize an openGL window (or device context) created with wglCreateContext without disabling it? If so how? Right now I have a function which resizes the DC but the only way I could get it to work was to call DisableOpenGL and then re-enable. This causes any textures and other state changes to be lost. I would like to do this without the disable so that I do not have to go through the tedious task of recreating the openGL DC state. HWND hWnd; HDC hDC; void View_setSizeWin32(int width, int height) { // resize the window LPRECT rec = malloc(sizeof(RECT)); GetWindowRect(hWnd, rec); SetWindowPos( hWnd, HWND_TOP, rec->left, rec->top, rec->left+width, rec->left+height, SWP_NOMOVE ); free(rec); // sad panda DisableOpenGL( hWnd, hDC, hRC ); EnableOpenGL( hWnd, &hDC, &hRC ); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(-(width/2), width/2, -(height/2), height/2, -1.0, 1.0); // have fun recreating the openGL state.... } void EnableOpenGL(HWND hWnd, HDC * hDC, HGLRC * hRC) { PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd; int format; // get the device context (DC) *hDC = GetDC( hWnd ); // set the pixel format for the DC ZeroMemory( &pfd, sizeof( pfd ) ); pfd.nSize = sizeof( pfd ); pfd.nVersion = 1; pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER; pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA; pfd.cColorBits = 24; pfd.cDepthBits = 16; pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE; format = ChoosePixelFormat( *hDC, &pfd ); SetPixelFormat( *hDC, format, &pfd ); // create and enable the render context (RC) *hRC = wglCreateContext( *hDC ); wglMakeCurrent( *hDC, *hRC ); } void DisableOpenGL(HWND hWnd, HDC hDC, HGLRC hRC) { wglMakeCurrent( NULL, NULL ); wglDeleteContext( hRC ); ReleaseDC( hWnd, hDC ); }

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  • How to determine the timezone that an email was sent from in C#

    - by John Sibly
    Can anyone recommend a way to determine the timezone that an email was sent from in C#? Looking at the header information of an email includes information like: Received: from mail-ew0-f211.google.com (123.85.219.211) by UKExchange (10.1.10.99) with Microsoft SMTP Server id 1.2.345.6; Tue, 13 Apr 2010 14:26:24 +0100 Received: by ewy3 with SMTP id 3so288857ewy.6 for <[email protected]>; Tue, 13 Apr 2010 06:26:23 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.103.213.2 with HTTP; Tue, 13 Apr 2010 06:26:23 -0700 (PDT) X-Originating-IP: [83.244.243.210] Date: Tue, 13 Apr 2010 14:26:23 +0100 Received: by 10.103.3.17 with SMTP id f17mr3087878mui.123.1271165183473; Tue, 13 Apr 2010 06:26:23 -0700 (PDT) There are a number of "Received: from" and "Received: by" keys with a date, time and timezone indicated on the end. Which one of these should I attempt to parse? Is this a reliable way to figure out the sender's timezone, or anyone recommend a better way?

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  • Suggestions on how to track tag count for a particular object

    - by Robin Fisher
    Hi, I'm looking for suggestions on how to track the number of tags associated with a particular object in Rails. I'm using acts_as_taggable_on and it's working fine. What I would like to be able to do is search for all objects that have no tags, preferably through a scope i.e. Object.untagged.all My first thought was to use an after_save callback to update an attribute called "taggings_count" in my model: def update_taggings_count self.taggings_count = self.tag_list.size self.save end Unfortunately, this does the obvious thing of putting me in an infinite loop. I need to use an after_save callback because the tag_list is not updated until the main object is saved. Would appreciate any suggestions as I'm on the verge of rolling my own tagging system. Regards Robin

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  • How to read ident from an ini file?

    - by user367856
    i have store a list of items from gridView into registry as below: * frmPOSConfigSet.tblCatItems.First; while not frmPOSConfigSet.tblCatItems.Eof do begin RegItemSetting.WriteString('stk Group\Candy', frmPOSConfigSet.tblCatItemsCODE.Text, frmPOSConfigSet.tblCatItemsSPHOTO.Text); frmPOSConfigSet.tblCatItems.Next; end; * [In Registry Editor] stk Group - Candy - YUPI_GUM_HB , c:\Users\chai\Pictures\POS Item Images\image1.jpg - YUPI_GUM_SBKISS , c:\Users\chai\Pictures\POS Item Images\image2.jpg After i close the form and open again, all values in gridView is gone, how do i retrieve the ident (eg. YUPI_GUM_HB) and it's value (eg.c:\Users\chai\Pictures\POS Item Images\image1.jpg) from registry to the gridView when load the form?

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  • What do you do before starting on a project?

    - by hahuang65
    I'm still a pretty new project, and I haven't really worked on any large projects yet. However a few projects for school has shown me something I have never really thought of before. Pre-Project planning. One project we ran into a huge problem at the very last minute, and the other project was not divided up between partners very evenly, such that all the work was actually done at the end. So my question to everyone here is: How do you plan out the project beforehand? Please try to cover the following: Design (draw out UI by hand, UMLs, etc.) Division of Labor Timeline (especially how you estimate how much time is needed for certain things) and anything else you can think of. Thanks for all the help!

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  • "digg" button and encoded url :S

    - by guest86
    Hi! I wrote a php site (it's still a prototype) and i placed a "Digg" button. Placing the button was easy but.... Official manual says "url has to be encoded". I did that with urlencode(). After urlencode, my url looks like this: http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mysite.com%2Fen%2Fredirect.php%3Fl%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.othersite.rs%2FNews%2FWorld%2F227040%2FRusia-Airplane-crashed%26N%3DRusia%3A+Airplane+crashed So far, so good but when i want to submit that url to digg, it is recognized as invalid url: http://www.mysite.com/en/redirect.php?l=http://www.othersite.rs/News/World/227040/Rusia-Airplane-crashed&N=Rusia:+Airplane crashed If i place a "+" between "Airplane" and "crashed" (mere end of a link), then digg recognize it without any problems! Please help, this bizare problem is killing my braincells! P.S. for purpose of this answer urls are changed (nonexisting) because, in original, non-english sites are involved P.S.S. Happy New Year! :)

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  • Is there a chance that sending an email via a thread could ever fail to complete?

    - by Benjamin Dell
    I have a project where I send a couple of emails via a seperet thread, to speed up the process for the end-user. It works successfully, but i was just wondering whether there were any potfalls that i might not have considered? My greatest fear is that the user clicks a button, it says that the message has been sent (as it will have been sent to the thread for sending) but for some reason the thread might fail to send it. Are there any situations where a thread could be aborted prematurely? Please note, that i am not talking about network outages or obvious issues with an email recipient not existing. For simplicites sake please assume that the connect is up, the mail server alive and the recipient valid. Is it possible, for example, for the thread to abort prematurely if the user kills the browser before the thread has completed? This might be a silly question, but i just wanted to make sure i knew the full ramifications of using a thread in this manner. Thanks, in advance, for your help.

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  • Running The JVM From Within An MXML Component

    - by Joshua
    Thinking outside of the box here... What possible basic approaches could be taken in an effort to create a Flex component that could run Java? I know I can easily use flex to browse to or launch a Java app, but there are things I can only do if I can run the Java from WITHIN an MXML Component. I the strictest sense, I know it's not impossible (ie: if you had all the source code for flex and for the jvm), but what's the least impractical means to this end? Showcase your creativity.

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  • page.replace_html for entire div not partial?

    - by odpogn
    My sites navigation is within my <%= render 'layouts/header' %. I want to use ajax so that when a user clicks on a navigation link, only the refreshes. is not a partial, is there a way to refresh the content of that div without using a partial? <div id="container"> <%= render 'layouts/header' %> <div id="content"> <% flash.each do |key, value| %> <div class="flash <%= key %>"><%= value %></div> <% end %> <%= yield %> </div> </div>

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  • Sintra app in a gem

    - by JP
    I have a Sinatra application I've created and I'd like to package it as a gem-based binary. I have my gemspec and gem set up to generate a suitable executable that points to the my_sinatra_app.rb (which is executable) but the sinatra server never runs. Any ideas why and how to make it work? my_sinatra_app executable: #!/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby # # This file was generated by RubyGems. require 'rubygems' version = ">= 0" if ARGV.first =~ /^_(.*)_$/ and Gem::Version.correct? $1 then version = $1 ARGV.shift end gem 'my_sinatra_app', version load Gem.bin_path('my_sinatra_app', 'my_sinatra_app', version)

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  • Rails - Trying to query from a date range...everything from today

    - by ChrisWesAllen
    I'm trying to figure the best way to query a date range from rails...I looked around on Google but am unsure about how to use this syntax. I have a Model that has various events and I like to add to my find condition a caveat that should only show events where the field :st_date is today or later, in effect only show me data that is current, nothing that happened before today. I ran into a problem because I have no end date to stop the query, I want to query everything from today to next month. I was thinking something like @events = Event.find(:all, :conditions => ["start_date between ? and ?", date.Today, date.next_month.beginning_of_month]) but I get the error undefined local variable or method `date'...... Do I need do anything particular to use the Date class? Or is there something wrong with my query syntax? I would really appreciate any help.

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  • Rails Devise: How to access sign up page after signed in?

    - by Junior rails programmer
    hi All, I am new with rails and i am using "devise" gem for authentication purposes. At first i add a new user through default sign up page (E.g./users/sign_up) Then, i made "sign_up" page only available to signed_in users by following instructions from Devise before filter that prevents access to "new_user_registration_path" unless user is signed-in Now, after sign in process when i try open sign up page it always directs me to root_path! How can i access sign up page? My "roots.rb" file as follows: Example::Application.routes.draw do devise_for :users, :controllers => { :registrations => 'registrations'} resources :companies resources :orders resources :customers root :to => "welcome#index" end Thank you all!

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  • PNRP + dont see Global_ on Windows 7

    - by schmoopy
    Hi, Im trying to test out PNRP in a simple app that either registers or resolves. On my Vista machine when i run 'netsh p2p pnrp cloud show list' .... I see Global_ When i try this from my Windows 7 machine i do not see Global_ i only have LinkLocal_... I can see i have an IPV6 address on the Windows 7 machine (via ipconfig) I may not just understand it enough yet - very poorly documented and most of the documentation is from Orca, 2007,etc. Makes me wonder if PNRP will just end up being another uddi.microsoft.com (i know they are nothing alike, but my point is...)

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  • Will PHP Die In Web Page Development World?

    - by Morgan Cheng
    I know that PHP is still the most popular web programming language in the world. This question just want to bring some of my concerns about PHP. PHP is naturally bound to C10K problem. Since PHP (generally run in Apache) cannot be event-driven or asynchronous, each HTTP request will occupy at least one thread or process. This makes it resistant to be more scalable. Currently, a lot of web sites (like Facebook) with high performance and scalability still depends on PHP in their front end servers. I suppose it is due to legacy reason. Is it possible that PHP will be replaced by language more suitable for C10K?

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  • iPhone YouTube Channel App

    - by pki
    What would the steps be to creating an app that connected to YouTube's XML API. Here is my setup currently but it is not working. App Delegate creates object "YTXMLParser" App Delegate calls [parser prepAndPrase]; In Prep and Parse the app initiates a NSURLConnection The app downloads the XML Data using the NSURLConnection well appeneding to NSMutableData The app parses the data with NSXMLParser At the end of each "entry" the app adds the current dictionary to the class. At the beginning of each "entry" the app creates an instance of a dictionary. Here's where i'm stuck. How do I get this data back to my app delegate?

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  • sort array with special characters in php

    - by Enkay
    I have an array I'm trying to asort using php. The problem is that the array has accented characters in it and needs to be sorted using "french" rules. cote < côte < coté < côté I've tried many things, like using php collators, but I get the following error : PHP Fatal error: Class 'Collator' not found I've also tried to set locale but it didn't do anything so I'm not sure I was doing it right, or if I need to isntall the locale. I'm a little confused. I'm using PHP 5.2.4 if that helps. If I use asort without anything, it puts all the words with accented characters at the end. Thanks.

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  • Invalid function declaration. DevC++

    - by user69514
    Why do I get invalid function declaration when I compile the code in DevC++ in Windows, but when I compile it in CodeBlocks on Linux it works fine. #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; //structure to hold item information struct item{ string name; double price; }; //define sandwich, chips, and drink struct item sandwich{"Sandwich", 3.00}; **** error is here ***** struct item chips{"Chips", 1.50}; **** error is here ***** struct item drink{"Large Drink", 2.00}; **** error is here ***** vector<item> cart; //vector to hold the items double total = 0.0; //total const double tax = 0.0825; //tax //gets item choice from user char getChoice(){ cout << "Select an item:" << endl; cout << "S: Sandwich. $3.00" << endl; cout << "C: Chips. $1.50" << endl; cout << "D: Drink. $2.00" << endl; cout << "X: Cancel. Start over" << endl; cout << "T: Total" << endl; char choice; cin >> choice; return choice; } //displays current items in cart and total void displayCart(){ cout << "\nCart:" << endl; for(unsigned int i=0; i<cart.size(); i++){ cout << cart.at(i).name << ". $" << cart.at(i).price << endl; } cout << "Total: $" << total << endl << endl; } //adds item to the cart void addItem(struct item bought){ cart.push_back(bought); total += bought.price; displayCart(); } //displays the receipt, items, prices, subtotal, taxes, and total void displayReceipt(){ cout << "\nReceipt:" << endl; cout << "Items: " << cart.size() << endl; for(unsigned int i=0; i<cart.size(); i++){ cout << (i+1) << ". " << cart.at(i).name << ". $" << cart.at(i).price << endl; } cout << "----------------------------" << endl; cout << "Subtotal: $" << total << endl; double taxes = total*tax; cout << "Tax: $" << taxes << endl; cout << "Total: $" << (total + taxes) << endl; } int main(){ //sentinel to stop the loop bool stop = false; char choice; while (stop == false ){ choice = getChoice(); //add sandwich if( choice == 's' || choice == 'S' ){ addItem(sandwich); } //add chips else if( choice == 'c' || choice == 'C' ){ addItem(chips); } //add drink else if( choice == 'd' || choice == 'D' ){ addItem(drink); } //remove everything from cart else if( choice == 'x' || choice == 'X' ){ cart.clear(); total = 0.0; cout << "\n***** Transcation Canceled *****\n" << endl; } //calcualte total else if( choice == 't' || choice == 'T' ){ displayReceipt(); stop = true; } //or wront item picked else{ cout << choice << " is not a valid choice. Try again\n" << endl; } }//end while loop return 0; //end of program }

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  • PHP search multidimensional array for value, then place that element at start of array

    - by BobFlemming
    I need to search this array: cars - [0] -make : Ford -model: Escort -year: 1991 [1] -make: Honda -model: Civic -year: 1996 [2] -make: Vauxhall -model: Astra -year: 1972 And if (for example) the model is "Civic" , place that 'car' at position 0. So the end array would be like: cars - [0] -make: Honda -model: Civic -year: 1996 [1] -make : Ford -model: Escort -year: 1991 [2] -make: Vauxhall -model: Astra -year: 1972 I've tried some usort variations: function typeSort($a, $b) { if ($a['model'] == 'Civic' ) { return 0; } return ($a['model'] < $b['model']) ? -1 : 1; } but this is just returning 1

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  • How to estimate the quality of a web page?

    - by roddik
    Hello, I'm doing a university project, that must gather and combine data on a user provided topic. The problem I've encountered is that Google search results for many terms are polluted with low quality autogenerated pages and if I use them, I can end up with wrong facts. How is it possible to estimate the quality/trustworthiness of a page? You may think "nah, Google engineers are working on the problem for 10 years and he's asking for a solution", but if you think about it, SE must provide up-to-date content and if it marks a good page as a bad one, users will be dissatisfied. I don't have such limitations, so if the algorithm accidentally marks as bad some good pages, that wouldn't be a problem.

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  • Incorrect error

    - by jspooner
    If you assign an invalid date (like December 39th) to a datetime column ActiveRecord returns a "can't be blank" error when is should probably return an error like "Not a valid date" My question. Is this expected rails behavior, a bug or, something that I could patch? class ExerciseLog < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :scheduled_datetime end Fire up the console. e = Log.new # lets set a date for Dec 39th which obviously doesn't exist e.scheduled_datetime = "2010-12-39" e.save => false # this is the confusing message since our form did post a valid date e.errors.on(:scheduled_datetime) => "can't be blank" e.scheduled_datetime = "2010-12-30" e.save => true I discovered this issue when I accidentally transposed the month and day values. btw This is in Rails 2.3.5

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  • GridView items are displaying the wrong drawables sometimes.

    - by originalbryan
    I've implemented a GridView based on this tutorial. It works great unless open up the search dialog or rotate the screen then scroll around. When the search dialog and virtual keyboard appear, the drawables for each of my grid items shift. I can click on them and they do what I expect, except the drawable is wrong. The same problem happens when I go into landscape mode and scroll around. If I scroll down, up, the down again, the drawables are shuffled. For better illustration, let's say I have three objects, each with an image. Obj A shows an Apple Obj B shows a Banana Obj C shows a Cantaloupe When the shift occurs I end up with: Obj A shows an Cantaloupe Obj B shows a Banana Obj C shows a Apple The problem isn't consistent between the two causes (search dialog and screen rotate n' scroll), but each cause itself is consistent. Scrolling around repeatedly reveals a pattern as does the search dialog appearing. How can I stop this from happening?

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  • Sending file over socket

    - by johannix
    I'm have a problem sending data as a file from one end of a socket to the other. What's happening is that both the server and client are trying to read the file so the file never gets sent. I was wondering how to have the client block until the server's completed reading the file sent from the client. I have this working with raw packets using send and recv, but figured this was a cleaner solution... Client: connects to server creating socket connection creates a file on socket and sends data waits for file from server Server: waits for file from client Complete interraction: client sends data to server server sends data to client

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  • Getting specific values with regex [JAVA, ANDROID]

    - by David
    I need to knowingly isolate each row of the vcard and get its value. For instance, I want to get "5555" from X-CUSTOMFIELD. So far, my thoughts are: "X-CUSTOMFIELD;\d+" I have been looking at some tutorials and I am a little confused with what function to use? What would my regex above return? Would it give me the whole line or just the numerical part (5555)? I was thinking I i get the whole row, I can use substring to get the digits? BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:2.1 N:Last;First; FN:First Last TEL;HOME;VOICE:111111 TEL;MOBILE;VOICE:222222 X-CUSTOMFIELD;5555 END:VCARD

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  • Why can't I access a const vector with iterator?

    - by tsubasa
    My example is as below. I found out the problem is with "const" in function void test's parameter. I don't know why the compiler does not allow. Could anybody tell me? Thanks. vector<int> p; void test(const vector<int> &blah) { vector<int>::iterator it; for (it=blah.begin(); it!=blah.end(); it++) { cout<<*it<<" "; } } int main() { p.push_back(1); p.push_back(2); p.push_back(3); test(p); return 0; }

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