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  • google analytics in asp.net

    - by Zerotoinfinite
    Hi All, I am using asp.net 3.5 with C#. I have registered my application in google analytics and it is successfully showing my statics. But I want to integrate that statics into my website, is their any way I can do it. Thanks in advance

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  • How to add new object to an IList mapped as a one-to-many with NHibernate?

    - by Jørn Schou-Rode
    My model contains a class Section which has an ordered list of Statics that are part of this section. Leaving all the other properties out, the implementation of the model looks like this: public class Section { public virtual int Id { get; private set; } public virtual IList<Static> Statics { get; private set; } } public class Static { public virtual int Id { get; private set; } } In the database, the relationship is implemented as a one-to-many, where the table Static has a foreign key pointing to Section and an integer column Position to store its index position in the list it is part of. The mapping is done in Fluent NHibernate like this: public SectionMap() { Id(x => x.Id); HasMany(x => x.Statics).Cascade.All().LazyLoad() .AsList(x => x.WithColumn("Position")); } public StaticMap() { Id(x => x.Id); References(x => x.Section); } Now I am able to load existing Statics, and I am also able to update the details of those. However, I cannot seem to find a way to add new Statics to a Section, and have this change persisted to the database. I have tried several combinations of: mySection.Statics.Add(myStatic) session.Update(mySection) session.Save(myStatic) but the closest I have gotten (using the first two statements), is to an SQL exception reading: "Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'Position'". Clearly an INSERT is attempted here, but NHibernate does not seem to automatically append the index position to the SQL statement. What am I doing wrong? Am I missing something in my mappings? Do I need to expose the Position column as a property and assign a value to it myself? EDIT: Apparently everything works as expected, if I remove the NOT NULL constraint on the Static.Position column in the database. I guess NHibernate makes the insert and immediatly after updates the row with a Position value. While this is an anwers to the question, I am not sure if it is the best one. I would prefer the Position column to be not nullable, so I still hope there is some way to make NHibernate provide a value for that column directly in the INSERT statement. Thus, the question is still open. Any other solutions?

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  • Should I persist images on EBS or S3 ??

    - by enes
    Hi; I am migrating my Java,Tomcat, Mysql server to AWS EC2. I have already attached EBS volume for storing Mysql data. In my web application people may upload images. So I should persist them. There are 2 alternatives in my mind. 1- Save uploaded images to EBS volume. 2- Use S3 service. The followings are my notes, please be skeptic about them, as my expertise is not on servers, but software development. EBS plus: S3 storage is more expensive. (0.15 $/Gb 0.1$/Gb) S3 plus: Serving statics from EBS may influence my web server's performance negatively. Is this true? Does Serving images affect server performance notably? For S3 my server will not be responsible for serving statics. S3 plus: Serving statics from EBS may result I/O cost, probably it will be minor. EBS plus: People say EBS is faster. S3 plus: People say S3 is more safe for persistence. EBS plus: No need to learn API, it is straight forward to save the images to EBS volume. Namely I can not decide, will be happy if you guide. Thanks

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  • Should I persist images on EBS or S3?

    - by javanes
    I am migrating my Java,Tomcat, Mysql server to AWS EC2. I have already attached EBS volume for storing MySql data. In my web application people may upload images. So I should persist them. There are 2 alternatives in my mind: Save uploaded images to EBS volume. Use the S3 service. The followings are my notes, please be skeptic about them, as my expertise is not on servers, but software development. EBS plus: S3 storage is more expensive. (0.15 $/Gb 0.1$/Gb) S3 plus: Serving statics from EBS may influence my web server's performance negatively. Is this true? Does Serving images affect server performance notably? For S3 my server will not be responsible for serving statics. S3 plus: Serving statics from EBS may result I/O cost, probably it will be minor. EBS plus: People say EBS is faster. S3 plus: People say S3 is more safe for persistence. EBS plus: No need to learn API, it is straight forward to save the images to EBS volume. Namely I can not decide, will be happy if you guide. Thanks

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  • Django website on Apache with wsgi failing

    - by notagain
    I have a website I've built in django that I'm trying to get working on our corporate Apache server (on debian) for our intranet at my workplace. Unfortunately, Apache keeps returning server errors whenever I try to navigate to my site. Although I can navigate to the statics folder. My Apache config and wsgi script look like the following... lbirdf.wsgi import os import sys sys.path.append('/home/lbi/rdfweb/web') sys.path.append('/home/lbi/rdfweb/lbirdf') os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'lbirdf.settings_production' import django.core.handlers.wsgi application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler() Apache config Listen 8080 <VirtualHost *:8080> ServerName server1 WSGIScriptAlias /rdfweb /home/lbi/rdfweb/web/lbirdf/apache/lbirdf.wsgi Alias /statics /home/lbi/rdfweb/web/lbirdf/statics Alias /admin_media /home/lbi/rdfweb/web/lbirdf/admin_media <Directory /home/lbi/rdfweb/web/lbirdf/apache> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> <Directory /home/lbi/rdfweb/web/lbirdf/admin_media> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> Any ideas on where I might be going wrong?

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  • Apache ProxyPass ignore static files

    - by virtualeyes
    Having an issue with Apache front server connecting to a Jetty application server. I thought that ProxyPass ! in a location block was supposed to NOT pass on processing to the application server, but for some reason that is not happening in my case, Jetty shows a 404 on the missing statics (js, css, etc.) Here's my Apache (v 2.4, BTW) virtual host block: DocumentRoot /path/to/foo ServerName foo.com ServerAdmin [email protected] RewriteEngine On <Directory /path/to/foo> AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> ProxyRequests Off ProxyVia Off ProxyPreserveHost On <Proxy *> AddDefaultCharset off Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> # don't pass through requests for statics (image,js,css, etc.) <Location /static/> ProxyPass ! </Location> <Location /> ProxyPass http://localhost:8081/ ProxyPassReverse http://localhost:8081/ SetEnv proxy-sendchunks 1 </Location>

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  • Log Blog

    - by PointsToShare
    © 2011 By: Dov Trietsch. All rights reserved Logging – A log blog In a another blog (Missing Fields and Defaults) I spoke about not doing a blog about log files, but then I looked at it again and realized that this is a nice opportunity to show a simple yet powerful tool and also deal with static variables and functions in C#. My log had to be able to answer a few simple logging rules:   To log or not to log? That is the question – Always log! That is the answer  Do we share a log? Even when a file is opened with a minimal lock, it does not share well and performance greatly suffers. So sharing a log is not a good idea. Also, when sharing, it is harder to find your particular entries and you have to establish rules about retention. My recommendation – Do Not Share!  How verbose? Your log can be very verbose – a good thing when testing, very terse – a good thing in day-to-day runs, or somewhere in between. You must be the judge. In my Blog, I elect to always report a run with start and end times, and always report errors. I normally use 5 levels of logging: 4 – write all, 3 – write more, 2 – write some, 1 – write errors and timing, 0 – write none. The code sample below is more general than that. It uses the config file to set the max log level and each call to the log assigns a level to the call itself. If the level is above the .config highest level, the line will not be written. Programmers decide which log belongs to which level and thus we can set the .config differently for production and testing.  Where do I keep the log? If your career is important to you, discuss this with the boss and with the system admin. We keep logs in the L: drive of our server and make sure that we have a directory for each app that needs a log. When adding a new app, add a new directory. The default location for the log is also found in the .config file Print One or Many? There are two options here:   1.     Print many, Open but once once – you start the stream and close it only when the program ends. This is what you can do when you perform in “batch” mode like in a console app or a stsadm extension.The advantage to this is that starting a closing a stream is expensive and time consuming and because we use a unique file, keeping it open for a long time does not cause contention problems. 2.     Print one entry at a time or Open many – every time you write a line, you start the stream, write to it and close it. This work for event receivers, feature receivers, and web parts. Here scalability requires us to create objects on the fly and get rid of them as soon as possible.  A default value of the onceOrMany resides in the .config.  All of the above applies to any windows or web application, not just SharePoint.  So as usual, here is a routine that does it all, and a few simple functions that call it for a variety of purposes.   So without further ado, here is app.config  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration>     <configSections>         <sectionGroup name="applicationSettings" type="System.Configuration.ApplicationSettingsGroup, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, ublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" >         <section name="statics.Properties.Settings" type="System.Configuration.ClientSettingsSection, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />         </sectionGroup>     </configSections>     <applicationSettings>         <statics.Properties.Settings>             <setting name="oneOrMany" serializeAs="String">                 <value>False</value>             </setting>             <setting name="logURI" serializeAs="String">                 <value>C:\staticLog.txt</value>             </setting>             <setting name="highestLevel" serializeAs="String">                 <value>2</value>             </setting>         </statics.Properties.Settings>     </applicationSettings> </configuration>   And now the code:  In order to persist the variables between calls and also to be able to persist (or not to persist) the log file itself, I created an EventLog class with static variables and functions. Static functions do not need an instance of the class in order to work. If you ever wondered why our Main function is static, the answer is that something needs to run before instantiation so that other objects may be instantiated, and this is what the “static” Main does. The various logging functions and variables are created as static because they do not need instantiation and as a fringe benefit they remain un-destroyed between calls. The Main function here is just used for testing. Note that it does not instantiate anything, just uses the log functions. This is possible because the functions are static. Also note that the function calls are of the form: Class.Function.  using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.IO; namespace statics {       class Program     {         static void Main(string[] args)         {             //write a single line             EventLog.LogEvents("ha ha", 3, "C:\\hahafile.txt", 4, true, false);             //this single line will not be written because the msgLevel is too high             EventLog.LogEvents("baba", 3, "C:\\babafile.txt", 2, true, false);             //The next 4 lines will be written in succession - no closing             EventLog.LogLine("blah blah", 1);             EventLog.LogLine("da da", 1);             EventLog.LogLine("ma ma", 1);             EventLog.LogLine("lah lah", 1);             EventLog.CloseLog(); // log will close             //now with specific functions             EventLog.LogSingleLine("one line", 1);             //this is just a test, the log is already closed             EventLog.CloseLog();         }     }     public class EventLog     {         public static string logURI = Properties.Settings.Default.logURI;         public static bool isOneLine = Properties.Settings.Default.oneOrMany;         public static bool isOpen = false;         public static int highestLevel = Properties.Settings.Default.highestLevel;         public static StreamWriter sw;         /// <summary>         /// the program will "print" the msg into the log         /// unless msgLevel is > msgLimit         /// onceOrMany is true when once - the program will open the log         /// print the msg and close the log. False when many the program will         /// keep the log open until close = true         /// normally all the arguments will come from the app.config         /// called by many overloads of logLine         /// </summary>         /// <param name="msg"></param>         /// <param name="msgLevel"></param>         /// <param name="logFileName"></param>         /// <param name="msgLimit"></param>         /// <param name="onceOrMany"></param>         /// <param name="close"></param>         public static void LogEvents(string msg, int msgLevel, string logFileName, int msgLimit, bool oneOrMany, bool close)         {             //to print or not to print             if (msgLevel <= msgLimit)             {                 //open the file. from the argument (logFileName) or from the config (logURI)                 if (!isOpen)                 {                     string logFile = logFileName;                     if (logFileName == "")                     {                         logFile = logURI;                     }                     sw = new StreamWriter(logFile, true);                     sw.WriteLine("Started At: " + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));                     isOpen = true;                 }                 //print                 sw.WriteLine(msg);             }             //close when instructed             if (close || oneOrMany)             {                 if (isOpen)                 {                     sw.WriteLine("Ended At: " + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));                     sw.Close();                     isOpen = false;                 }             }         }           /// <summary>         /// The simplest, just msg and level         /// </summary>         /// <param name="msg"></param>         /// <param name="msgLevel"></param>         public static void LogLine(string msg, int msgLevel)         {             //use the given msg and msgLevel and all others are defaults             LogEvents(msg, msgLevel, "", highestLevel, isOneLine, false);         }                 /// <summary>         /// one line at a time - open print close         /// </summary>         /// <param name="msg"></param>         /// <param name="msgLevel"></param>         public static void LogSingleLine(string msg, int msgLevel)         {             LogEvents(msg, msgLevel, "", highestLevel, true, true);         }           /// <summary>         /// used to close. high level, low limit, once and close are set         /// </summary>         /// <param name="close"></param>         public static void CloseLog()         {             LogEvents("", 15, "", 1, true, true);         }           }     }   }   That’s all folks!

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  • Multiple routers, subnets, gateways etc

    - by allentown
    My current setup is: Cable modem dishes out 13 static IP's (/28), a GB switch is plugged into the cable modem, and has access to those 13 static IP's, I have about 6 "servers" in use right now. The cable modem is also a firewall, DHCP server, and 3 port 10/100 switch. I am using it as a firewall, but not currently as a DHCP server. I have plugged into the cable modem, two network cables, one which goes to the WAN port of a Linksys Dual Band Wireless 10/100/1000 router/switch. Into the linksys are a few workstations, a few printers, and some laptops connecting to wifi. I set the Linksys to use take static IP, and enabled DHCP for the workstations, printers, etc in 192.168.1.1/24. The network for the Linksys is mostly self contained, backups go to a SAN, on that network, it all happens through that switch, over GB. But I also get internet access from it as well via the cable modem using one static IP. This all works, however, I can not "see" the static IP machines when I am on the Linksys. I can get to them via ssh and other protocols, and if I want to from "outside", I open holes, like 80, 25, 587, 143, 22, etc. The second wire, from the cable modem/fireall/switch just uplinks to the managed GB switch. What are the pros and cons of this? I do not like giving up the static IP to the Linksys. I basically have a mixed network of public servers, and internal workstations. I want the public servers on public IP's because I do not want to mess with port forwarding and mappings. Is it correct also, that if someone breaches the Linksys wifi, they still would have a hard time getting to the static IP range, just by nature of the network topology? Today, just for a test, I toggled on the DHCP in the firewall/cable modem at 10.1.10.1/24 range, the Linksys is n the 192.168.1.100/24 range. At that point, all the static IP machines still had in and out access, but Linksys was unreachable. The cable modem only has 10/100 ports, so I will not plug anything but the network drop into it, which is 50Mb/10Mb. Which makes me think this could be less than ideal, as transfers from the workstation network to the server network will be bottlenecked at 100Mb when I have 1000Mb available. I may not need to solve that, if isolation is better though. I do not move a lot of data, if any, from Linsys network to server network, so for it to pretend to be remote is ok. Should I approach this any different? I could enable DHCP on the cable modem/firewall, it should still send out the statics to the GB switch, but will also be a DHCP in 10.1.10.1/24 range? I can then plug the Linksys into the GB switch, which is now picking up statics and the 10.1.10.1/24 ranges, tell the Linksys to use 10.1.10.5 or so. Now, do I disable DHCP on the Linksys, and the cable modem/firewall will pass through the statics and 10.0.10.1/24 ranges as well? Or, could I open a second DHCP pool on the Linksys? I guess doing so gives me network isolation again, but it is just the reverse of what I have now. But I get out of the bottleneck, not that the Linksys could ever really touch real GB speeds anyway, but the managed switch certainly can. This is all because 13 statics are not that many. Right now, 6 "servers", the Linksys, a managed switch, a few SSL certs, and I am running out. I do not want to waste a static IP on the managed GB switch, or the Linksys, unless it provides me some type of benefit. Final question, under my current setup, if I am on a workstation, sitting at 192.168.1.109, the Linksys, with GB, and I send a file over ssh to the static IP machine, is that literally leaving the internet, and coming back in, or does it stay local? To me it seems like: Workstation (192.168.1.109) -> Linksys DHCP -> Linksys Static IP -> Cable Modem -> Server ( and it hits the 10/100 ports on the cable modem, slowing me down. But does it round trip the network, leave and come back in, limiting me to the 50/10 internet speeds? *These are all made up numbers, I do not use default router IP's as I will one day add a VPN, and do not want collisions. I need some recommendations, do I want one big network, or two isolated ones. Printers these days need an IP, everything does, I can not get autoconf/bonjour to be reliable on most printers. but I am also not sure I want the "server" side of my operation to be polluted by the workstation side of my operation. Unless there is some magic subetting I have not learned yet, here is what I am thinking: Cable modem 10/100, has 13 static IP, publicly accessible -> Enable DHCP on the cable modem -> Cable modem plugs into managed switch -> Managed switch gets 10.1.10.1 ssh, telnet, https admin management address -> Managed switch sends static IP's to to servers -> Plug Linksys into managed switch, giving it 10.1.10.2 static internally in Linksys admin -> Linksys gets assigned 10.1.10.x as its DHCP sending range -> Local printers, workstations, iPhones etc, connect to this -> ( Do I enable DHCP or disable it on the Linksys, just define a non over lapping range, or create an entirely new DHCP at 10.1.50.0/24, I think I am back isolated again with that method too? ) Thank you for any suggestions. This is the first time I have had to deal with less than a /24, and most are larger than that, but it is just a drop to a cabinet. Otherwise, it's a router, a few repeaters, and soho stuff that is simple, with one IP. I know a few may suggest going all DHCP on the servers, and I may one day, just not now, there has been too much moving of gear for me to be interested in that, and I would want something in the Catalyst series to deal with that.

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  • django (under mod_wsgi) and php

    - by Hellnar
    Hello Under my debian copy, I run a django site runs via apache2 and mod_wsgi. Now I want to include a wordpress to it, for that I need to install php - apache bindings. I am curious what library is recommended for this, aswell as how shall I be doing the apache2 config file ? Here is my current apache 2 000-default file: <VirtualHost *:80> Alias /media /home/myuser/myproject/statics Alias /favicon.ico /home/myuser/myproject/statics/pic/favicon.ico Alias /robots.txt /home/myuser/myproject/templates/robots.txt Alias /admin_media /usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Django-1.1.1-py2.5.egg/django/contrib/admin/media WSGIScriptAlias / /home/myuser/myproject/myproject_wsgi.py WSGIDaemonProcess myproject user=myuser group=myuser threads=25 WSGIProcessGroup myproject </VirtualHost> I want to add Wordpress to my www.mysite.com/blog

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  • wrapBootstrap is no updated and what about copyrights

    - by Greg
    My questions are: Is wrapBootstrap site (for buying themes) no updated? I'm watching the statics of subscribers and of buyers a couple of days and none has been increased. Is it safe to buy a bootstrap theme from there? And what about the copyrights of the buying themes? On my footer I must notice that designer is: "e.g. Company blah blah" or I can only write that I'm the delevoper of the site and nothing about the design?

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  • Wow Twitter!!! Ten billions and counting

    - by samsudeen
    Twitter the micro blogging site crossed the ten billions milestone on 4th of this month as per the report by GigaTweet (Site which tracks the number of tweets posted on twitter) The person who sent the 10 billionth tweet is still unknown as his profile is protected. But the 9,999,999,999th tweet was sent by one Rafaela Marques from Brazil. AS you can see GigaTweet expects just another 196 days to reach the 20 billionth marks if tweet continues with the current pace. Some of the interesting statics about rate in which people tweeted every year 2007 – 5000 tweets per day 2008 – 300,000 tweets per day 2009 – 2.5 million per day It reached an average of 35 million tweets per day by end  2009. Today believe it or not the tweet rate is 50 million tweets per day and that’s why we call Wow Twitter!!! . Join us on Facebook to read all our stories right inside your Facebook news feed.

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  • What are tangible advantages to proper Unit Tests over Functional Test called unit tests

    - by Jackie
    A project I am working on has a bunch of legacy tests that were not properly mocked out. Because of this the only dependency it has is EasyMock, which doesn't support statics, constructors with arguments, etc. The tests instead rely on database connections and such to "run" the tests. Adding powermock to handle these cases is being shot down as cost prohibitive due to the need to upgrade the existing project to support it (Another discussion). My questions are, what are the REAL world tangible benifits of proper unit testing I can use to push back? Are there any? Am I just being a stickler by saying that bad unit tests (even if they work) are bad? Is code coverage just as effective?

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  • Make my website dynamically loaded data available to Facebook Open Graph Object Scrapper

    - by fvaliquette
    Here is the design of my web site: The user enter myWebsite.com/a/1 .htaccess rules redirect to myWebsite.com/b Now the JavaScript ExtJS library is loading. Extracting the value from the URL (in this case it is “1”) Loading ./xml/1.xml From 1.xml setting the Open Graph data (Title, type, image, etc) Loading data that will be shown to the user from 1.xml into the website. My question is: How can I make the Open Graph data available to Facebook? Facebook do not to load my ExtJS JavaScript Library before extracting the Open Graph Object values from the HTML. Is there an easy solution to this problem? The only solutions I found is to make statics web pages or dynamically pages rendered on the server side but I would like to avoid these since my web page implementation is already finished and I would like to avoid re working on it.

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  • Request of some opinions about a vertical menu style and some suggestions for the site style [on hold]

    - by AndreaNobili
    I am developing a simple mainly static website using WordPress (because maybe in the future I will add some dynamic content) for a company. The new site have to follow the structure of the old site that requires the presence of a vertical main menu in the left column that contains the link to all the statics pages in the site. This is the old site structure: http://www.saranistri.com/ Now I have installed a new WordPress test site (this is only a test site): http://onofri.org/example/ As you can see in the left columns I have put two main menu vetical widgets that implements a possible choise for the maun menù (the top menù upon the header must be eliminated in the final implementation) I want to know some opinions about: 1) Which of the two version is better? Do you have some additional ideas about the CSS style of this vertical menu? 2) What could I do to give a more professional look to this site? (I know that I have to insert a logo into the header) Tnx Andrea

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  • Suggest a good book for Quantitative Methods & R Programming

    - by Rahul
    Hi folks, Please suggest a good book for beginner in Quantitative Methods/Techniques. Adding to this, a good book for beginners in R programming language, used in Quantitative Methods. And I've a few questions about this: ? Should I have to learn the other subjects like Probability, Statics, etc. before learning Quantitative Methods ? Is there any relation between Quantitative Methods & Data Mining

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  • objective c import once

    - by joels
    I have a header file with a bunch on statics like static NSString * SOME_NAME = @"someMeaning"; What is the best way to import this? Should I define them some other way? I tried just using the #import statement but any file that imports it gives me a warning saying SOME_NAME defined but not used...

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  • How to monitor current output/receive queue length in Linux

    - by IZhen
    I want to check the capacity and performance of my network. Besides checking the txkB/s and rxkB/s via Sar, I'd also like to see the average queue length of the network interface(so that the average queueing time in the interface can be calculated). It seems that netstat can give a per socket queue length, is it possible to get a per interface statics(a bit like Network Interface\Output Queue Length in Windows)? A related and kind of reverse questions is How do I view the TCP Send and Receive Queue sizes on Windows? Thanks

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  • Does disable log error for MySQL increasing it's performance ? How disable it?

    - by adnan
    Does disable log error for MySQL increasing it's performance ? How disable it ? This is my service status Server load 0.63 (8 CPUs) Memory Used 23.38% (957,600 of 4,096,000) Swap Used 0% (0 of 1) And this is print screen for process manager http://elnhrda.com/promgr.jpg This is my.cnf [mysqld] query_cache_size=64M skip-name-resolve #innodb_file_per_table=1 query_cache_limit=2M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M sort_buffer_size = 8M join_buffer_size = 8M thread_cache_size = 8 thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G Iam looking for doing any thing to increase my website speed I have VPS 4G.B RAM CENTOS 6 X86_64 Note please : this statics taken now which no any queries executed & site have not any visitors in the same time

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  • Inside the Concurrent Collections: ConcurrentBag

    - by Simon Cooper
    Unlike the other concurrent collections, ConcurrentBag does not really have a non-concurrent analogy. As stated in the MSDN documentation, ConcurrentBag is optimised for the situation where the same thread is both producing and consuming items from the collection. We'll see how this is the case as we take a closer look. Again, I recommend you have ConcurrentBag open in a decompiler for reference. Thread Statics ConcurrentBag makes heavy use of thread statics - static variables marked with ThreadStaticAttribute. This is a special attribute that instructs the CLR to scope any values assigned to or read from the variable to the executing thread, not globally within the AppDomain. This means that if two different threads assign two different values to the same thread static variable, one value will not overwrite the other, and each thread will see the value they assigned to the variable, separately to any other thread. This is a very useful function that allows for ConcurrentBag's concurrency properties. You can think of a thread static variable: [ThreadStatic] private static int m_Value; as doing the same as: private static Dictionary<Thread, int> m_Values; where the executing thread's identity is used to automatically set and retrieve the corresponding value in the dictionary. In .NET 4, this usage of ThreadStaticAttribute is encapsulated in the ThreadLocal class. Lists of lists ConcurrentBag, at its core, operates as a linked list of linked lists: Each outer list node is an instance of ThreadLocalList, and each inner list node is an instance of Node. Each outer ThreadLocalList is owned by a particular thread, accessible through the thread local m_locals variable: private ThreadLocal<ThreadLocalList<T>> m_locals It is important to note that, although the m_locals variable is thread-local, that only applies to accesses through that variable. The objects referenced by the thread (each instance of the ThreadLocalList object) are normal heap objects that are not specific to any thread. Thinking back to the Dictionary analogy above, if each value stored in the dictionary could be accessed by other means, then any thread could access the value belonging to other threads using that mechanism. Only reads and writes to the variable defined as thread-local are re-routed by the CLR according to the executing thread's identity. So, although m_locals is defined as thread-local, the m_headList, m_nextList and m_tailList variables aren't. This means that any thread can access all the thread local lists in the collection by doing a linear search through the outer linked list defined by these variables. Adding items So, onto the collection operations. First, adding items. This one's pretty simple. If the current thread doesn't already own an instance of ThreadLocalList, then one is created (or, if there are lists owned by threads that have stopped, it takes control of one of those). Then the item is added to the head of that thread's list. That's it. Don't worry, it'll get more complicated when we account for the other operations on the list! Taking & Peeking items This is where it gets tricky. If the current thread's list has items in it, then it peeks or removes the head item (not the tail item) from the local list and returns that. However, if the local list is empty, it has to go and steal another item from another list, belonging to a different thread. It iterates through all the thread local lists in the collection using the m_headList and m_nextList variables until it finds one that has items in it, and it steals one item from that list. Up to this point, the two threads had been operating completely independently. To steal an item from another thread's list, the stealing thread has to do it in such a way as to not step on the owning thread's toes. Recall how adding and removing items both operate on the head of the thread's linked list? That gives us an easy way out - a thread trying to steal items from another thread can pop in round the back of another thread's list using the m_tail variable, and steal an item from the back without the owning thread knowing anything about it. The owning thread can carry on completely independently, unaware that one of its items has been nicked. However, this only works when there are at least 3 items in the list, as that guarantees there will be at least one node between the owning thread performing operations on the list head and the thread stealing items from the tail - there's no chance of the two threads operating on the same node at the same time and causing a race condition. If there's less than three items in the list, then there does need to be some synchronization between the two threads. In this case, the lock on the ThreadLocalList object is used to mediate access to a thread's list when there's the possibility of contention. Thread synchronization In ConcurrentBag, this is done using several mechanisms: Operations performed by the owner thread only take out the lock when there are less than three items in the collection. With three or greater items, there won't be any conflict with a stealing thread operating on the tail of the list. If a lock isn't taken out, the owning thread sets the list's m_currentOp variable to a non-zero value for the duration of the operation. This indicates to all other threads that there is a non-locked operation currently occuring on that list. The stealing thread always takes out the lock, to prevent two threads trying to steal from the same list at the same time. After taking out the lock, the stealing thread spinwaits until m_currentOp has been set to zero before actually performing the steal. This ensures there won't be a conflict with the owning thread when the number of items in the list is on the 2-3 item borderline. If any add or remove operations are started in the meantime, and the list is below 3 items, those operations try to take out the list's lock and are blocked until the stealing thread has finished. This allows a thread to steal an item from another thread's list without corrupting it. What about synchronization in the collection as a whole? Collection synchronization Any thread that operates on the collection's global structure (accessing anything outside the thread local lists) has to take out the collection's global lock - m_globalListsLock. This single lock is sufficient when adding a new thread local list, as the items inside each thread's list are unaffected. However, what about operations (such as Count or ToArray) that need to access every item in the collection? In order to ensure a consistent view, all operations on the collection are stopped while the count or ToArray is performed. This is done by freezing the bag at the start, performing the global operation, and unfreezing at the end: The global lock is taken out, to prevent structural alterations to the collection. m_needSync is set to true. This notifies all the threads that they need to take out their list's lock irregardless of what operation they're doing. All the list locks are taken out in order. This blocks all locking operations on the lists. The freezing thread waits for all current lockless operations to finish by spinwaiting on each m_currentOp field. The global operation can then be performed while the bag is frozen, but no other operations can take place at the same time, as all other threads are blocked on a list's lock. Then, once the global operation has finished, the locks are released, m_needSync is unset, and normal concurrent operation resumes. Concurrent principles That's the essence of how ConcurrentBag operates. Each thread operates independently on its own local list, except when they have to steal items from another list. When stealing, only the stealing thread is forced to take out the lock; the owning thread only has to when there is the possibility of contention. And a global lock controls accesses to the structure of the collection outside the thread lists. Operations affecting the entire collection take out all locks in the collection to freeze the contents at a single point in time. So, what principles can we extract here? Threads operate independently Thread-static variables and ThreadLocal makes this easy. Threads operate entirely concurrently on their own structures; only when they need to grab data from another thread is there any thread contention. Minimised lock-taking Even when two threads need to operate on the same data structures (one thread stealing from another), they do so in such a way such that the probability of actually blocking on a lock is minimised; the owning thread always operates on the head of the list, and the stealing thread always operates on the tail. Management of lockless operations Any operations that don't take out a lock still have a 'hook' to force them to lock when necessary. This allows all operations on the collection to be stopped temporarily while a global snapshot is taken. Hopefully, such operations will be short-lived and infrequent. That's all the concurrent collections covered. I hope you've found it as informative and interesting as I have. Next, I'll be taking a closer look at ThreadLocal, which I came across while analyzing ConcurrentBag. As you'll see, the operation of this class deserves a much closer look.

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  • JustMock Beta available for download.

    We've just uploaded the latest JustMock bits so feel free to log in to your Telerik accounts and download JustMock. We'll be glad to hear your feedback. In the current JustMock build we've included documentation and examples to help you get started with our mocking tool. You can open the documentation from the JustMock menu in Visual Studio: It's still in an early stage but we'll improve it a lot more in the following few months. You can open the JustMock examples from the [JustMock Installation Folder]\Examples. Currently the tests which mock final / statics / etc. classes and members could be run with the default MSTest test runner but we're working on supporting other test runners like TestDriven.Net for example. Should you want to have it integrated with a specific test runner, please contact us and we'll try to help. Mehfuz will be doing a series of blog ...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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  • New way of integrating Openfeint in Cocos2d-x 0.12.0

    - by Ef Es
    I am trying to implement OpenFeint for Android in my cocos2d-x project. My approach so far has been creating a button that calls a static java method in class Bridge using jnihelper functions (jnihelper only accepts statics). Bridge has one singleton attribute of type OFAndroid, that is the class dynamically calling the Openfeint Api methods, and every method in the bridge just forwards it to the OFAndroid object. What I am trying to do now is to initialize the openfeint libraries in the main java class that is the one calling the static C++ libraries. My problem right now is that the initializing function void com.openfeint.api.OpenFeint.initialize(Context ctx, OpenFeintSettings settings, OpenFeintDelegate delegate) is not accepting the context parameter that I am giving him, which is a "this" reference to the main class. Main class extends from Cocos2dxActivity but I don't have any other that extends from Application. Any suggestions on fixing it or how to improve the architecture? EDIT: I am trying a new solution. Make the bridge class into an Application child, is called from Main object, initializes OpenFeint when created and it can call the OpenFeint functions instead of needing an additional class. The problem is I still get the error. 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.content.ContextWrapper.getPackageManager(ContextWrapper.java:85) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.validateManifest(OpenFeintInternal.java:885) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.initializeWithoutLoggingIn(OpenFeintInternal.java:829) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.initialize(OpenFeintInternal.java:852) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.api.OpenFeint.initialize(OpenFeint.java:47) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at nurogames.fastfish.NuroFeint.onCreate(NuroFeint.java:23) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at nurogames.fastfish.FastFish.onCreate(FastFish.java:47) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1069) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2751)

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  • why do we all learn and study java or .net or why java or .net are popular?

    - by tadeze
    My question to be clear is why do we all need to learn java or .net(C#) , still java or .net are more popular than delphi or c++ and even there are lot of resource,articles or books compared to c++ or delphi about java and .net. However, I heard majority, if I am right about 80% of software are developed using c++ or delphi in the software industry. so, why do we bother about other languages specifically about the cosmopolitan languages such as java or .net in education as well as for job interview. Although, still I know the elegance of java and .net, their safe code execution,fully objected oriented behavior ...etc, but still according to the statics they are not preferred on software develpement as a primary language mainly because of their execution time compared to c++ or delphi. So my question are why do they choose them for jobs or educational purpose and everything else? why do we lose our time learning these language if we are forced to use the other languages in the industry?

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  • Using static variable in function vs passing variable from caller

    - by Patrick
    I have a function which spawns various types of threads, one of the thread types needs to be spawned every x seconds. I currently have it like this: bool isTime( Time t ) { return t >= now(); } void spawner() { while( 1 ) { Time t = now(); if( isTime( t ) )//is time is called in more than one place in the real function { launchthread() t = now() + offset; } } } but I'm thinking of changing it to: bool isTime() { static Time t = now(); if( t >= now() ) { t = now() + offset; return true; } return false; } void spawner() { if( isTime() ) launchthread(); } I think the second way is neater but I generally avoid statics in much the same way I avoid global data; anyone have any thoughts on the different styles?

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  • A good class structure for cleaning and using input?

    - by ciscoheat
    I want to be helpful to the users of a system, so I'll clean up the input a bit before testing if it can be used. So I have a flow like this: Input: aa12345b Clean input somehow: 12345 Test if clean input is valid Use input if valid Now I want to do this in a beautiful OO-fashion (IoC, interfaces, testable, no statics, you know). Any ideas how to organize a class structure for this? Is it good to have a Cleaner and a Parser/Validator class separately, or put them as methods in the data class itself? Thanks for any help or discussion about this, and extra thanks if the answer is in C#!

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  • How do I get stdout into mstest output when running in new app domain?

    - by btlog
    I have been working on test framework, which creates a new app domain to run the tests in. The primary reason being the dll's that we are testing has some horrible code that relies on the dll being located in the app domain path. (No I can't change this code.) The problem that I am having is that my test team is writing a bunch of functional tests in mstest and one of the loggers, that writes to Console.Out, does not have any of the log information captured in the trx output. When running the code through a console app all of the log information is output fine. So do the other loggers that have been implemented. My thought is that mstest is setting its own TextWriter to Console.Out, but the new app doamin has it's own TextWriter for Console.Out as the new app domain has it's own set of statics. I appreciate your ideas.

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