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  • strlen returns incorrect value when called in gdb

    - by alesplin
    So I'm noticing some severely incorrect behavior from calls to standard library functions inside GDB. I have the following program to illustrate: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char *s1 = "test"; char *s2 = calloc(strlen("test")+1,sizeof(char)); snprintf(s2,strlen("test")+1,"test"); printf("string constant: %lu\n", strlen(s1)); printf("allocated string: %lu\n", strlen(s2)); free(s2); return 0; } When run from the command-line, this program outputs just what you'd expect: string constant: 4 allocated string: 4 However, in GDB, I get the following, incorrect output from calls to strlen(): (gdb) p strlen(s1) $1 = -938856896 (gdb) p strlen(s2) $2 = -938856896 I'm pretty sure this is a problem with glibc shipped with Ubuntu (I'm using 10.10), but this is a serious problem for those of us who spend lots of time in GDB. Is anyone else experiencing this kind of error? What's the best way to fix it? Build glibc from source? (I'm already running a version of GDB built from source)

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  • PHP strlen question

    - by MrEnder
    Ok I am checking that a string is at least 4 characters long and 25 or less characters short I tried to use strlen like this $userNameSignupLength = strlen($userNameSignup); else if($userNameSignupLength<4 && $userNameSignupLength>25) { $userNameSignupError = "Must be between 4 to 25 characters long"; } but it doesn't work... what did I do wrong?

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  • Why does strlen not working for me?

    - by tushar
    char p[4]={'h','g','y'}; cout<<strlen(p); This code prints 3. char p[3]={'h','g','y'}; cout<<strlen(p); This prints 8. char p[]={'h','g','y'}; cout<<strlen(p); This again prints 8. Please help me as I can't figure out why three different values are printed by changing the size of the array.

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  • faster strlen ?

    - by Jack
    Typical strlen() traverse from first character till it finds \0. This requires you to traverse each and every character. In algorithm sense, its O(N). Is there any faster way to do this where input is vaguely defined. Like: length would be less than 50, or length would be around 200 characters. I thought of lookup blocks and all but didn't get any optimization.

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  • Quick strlen question

    - by LearningC
    Hi again. I've come to bother you all with another probably really simple C question. Using the following code: int get_len(char *string){ printf("len: %lu\n", strlen(string)); return 0; } int main(){ char *x = "test"; char y[4] = {'t','e','s','t'}; get_len(x); // len: 4 get_len(y); // len: 6 return 0; } 2 questions. Why are they different and why is y 6? Thanks guys.

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  • Strlen of MAX 16 chars string using bitwise operators

    - by fabrizioM
    The challenge is to find the fastest way to determine in C/C++ the length of a c-string using bitwise operations in C. char thestring[16]; The c-string has a max size of 16 chars and is inside a buffer If the string is equal to 16 chars doesn't have the null byte at the end. I am sure can be done but didn't got it right yet. I am working on this at the moment, but assuming the string is memcpied on a zero-filled buffer. len = buff[0] != 0x0 + buff[1] != 0x0 + buff[2] != 0x0 + buff[3] != 0x0 + buff[4] != 0x0 + buff[5] != 0x0 + buff[6] != 0x0 + buff[7] != 0x0 + buff[8] != 0x0 + buff[9] != 0x0 + buff[10] != 0x0 + buff[11] != 0x0 + buff[12] != 0x0 + buff[13] != 0x0 + buff[14] != 0x0 + buff[15] != 0x0;

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  • My jQuery and PHP give different results on the same thing?

    - by Stefan
    Hey all, Annoying brain numbing problem. I have two functions to check the length of a string (primarily, the js one truncates as well) heres the one in Javascript: $('textarea#itemdescription').keyup(function() { var charLength = $(this).val().length; // Displays count $('span#charCount').css({'color':'#666'}); $('span#charCount').html(255 - charLength); if($(this).val().length >= 240){ $('span#charCount').css({'color':'#FF0000'}); } // Alerts when 250 characters is reached if($(this).val().length >= 255){ $('span#charCount').css({'color':'#FF0000'}); $('span#charCount').html('<strong>0</strong>'); var text = $('textarea#itemdescription').val().substring(0,255) $('textarea#itemdescription').val(text); } }); And here is my PHP to double check: if(strlen($_POST["description"])>255){ echo "Description must be less than ".strlen($_POST["description"])." characters"; exit(); } I'm using jQuery Ajax to post the values from the textarea. However my php validation says the strlen() is longer than my js is essentially saying. So for example if i type a solid string and it says 0 or 3 chars left till 255. I then click save and the php gives me the length as being 261. Any ideas? Is it to do with special characters, bit sizes that js reads differently or misses out? Or is it to do with something else? Maybe its ill today!... :P Thanks, Stefan

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  • How to fix a warning message associated with strlen() used in Yacc?

    - by user547894
    Hello! Please i need your help. Basically, I am facing this warning message upon compiling with gcc, and am not able to deduce the error: Here are the details: The warning message i am receiving is literrally as follows: y.tab.c: In function ‘yyparse’: y.tab.c:1317 warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’ My Lex File looks like: %{ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <ctype.h> #include "y.tab.h" void yyerror(const char*); char *ptrStr; %} %START nameState %% "Name:" { BEGIN nameState; } <nameState>.+ { ptrStr = (char *)calloc(strlen(yytext)+1, sizeof(char)); strcpy(ptrStr, yytext); yylval.sValue = ptrStr; return sText; } %% int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if ( argc < 3 ) { printf("Two args are needed: input and output"); } else { yyin = fopen(argv[1], "r"); yyout = fopen(argv[2], "w"); yyparse(); fclose(yyin); fclose(yyout); } return 0; } My Yacc file is as follows: %{ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <ctype.h> #include "y.tab.h" void yyerror(const char*); int yywrap(); extern FILE *yyout; %} %union { int iValue; char* sValue; }; %token <sValue> sText %token nameToken %% StartName: /* for empty */ | sName ; sName: sText { fprintf(yyout, "The Name is: %s", $1); fprintf(yyout, "The Length of the Name is: %d", strlen($1)); } ; %% void yyerror(const char *str) { fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n",str); } int yywrap() { return 1; } *I was wondering how to remove this warning message. Please any suggestions are highly appreciated! Thanks in advance.

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  • Header Guard Issues - Getting Swallowed Alive

    - by gjnave
    I'm totally at wit's end: I can't figure out how my dependency issues. I've read countless posts and blogs and reworked my code so many times that I can't even remember what almost worked and what didnt. I continually get not only redefinition errors, but class not defined errors. I rework the header guards and remove some errors simply to find others. I somehow got everything down to one error but then even that got broke while trying to fix it. Would you please help me figure out the problem? card.cpp #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include "card.h" using namespace std; // ====DECL====== Card::Card() { abilities = 0; flavorText = 0; keywords = 0; artifact = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Card") + 1]; classType = "Card"; } Card::~Card (){ delete name; delete abilities; delete flavorText; artifact = NULL; } // ------------ Card::Card(const Card & to_copy) { name = new char[strlen(to_copy.name) +1]; // creating dynamic array strcpy(to_copy.name, name); type = to_copy.type; color = to_copy.color; manaCost = to_copy.manaCost; abilities = new char[strlen(to_copy.abilities) +1]; strcpy(abilities, to_copy.abilities); flavorText = new char[strlen(to_copy.flavorText) +1]; strcpy(flavorText, to_copy.flavorText); keywords = new char[strlen(to_copy.keywords) +1]; strcpy(keywords, to_copy.keywords); inPlay = to_copy.inPlay; tapped = to_copy.tapped; enchanted = to_copy.enchanted; cursed = to_copy.cursed; if (to_copy.type != ARTIFACT) artifact = to_copy.artifact; } // ====DECL===== int Card::equipArtifact(Artifact* to_equip){ artifact = to_equip; } Artifact * Card::unequipArtifact(Card * unequip_from){ Artifact * to_remove = artifact; artifact = NULL; return to_remove; // put card in hand or in graveyard } int Card::enchant( Card * to_enchant){ to_enchant->enchanted = true; cout << "enchanted" << endl; } int Card::disenchant( Card * to_disenchant){ to_disenchant->enchanted = false; cout << "Enchantment Removed" << endl; } // ========DECL===== Spell::Spell() { currPower = basePower; currToughness = baseToughness; classType = new char[strlen("Spell") + 1]; classType = "Spell"; } Spell::~Spell(){} // --------------- Spell::Spell(const Spell & to_copy){ currPower = to_copy.currPower; basePower = to_copy.basePower; currToughness = to_copy.currToughness; baseToughness = to_copy.baseToughness; } // ========= int Spell::attack( Spell *& blocker ){ blocker->currToughness -= currPower; currToughness -= blocker->currToughness; } //========== int Spell::counter (Spell *& to_counter){ cout << to_counter->name << " was countered by " << name << endl; } // ============ int Spell::heal (Spell *& to_heal, int amountOfHealth){ to_heal->currToughness += amountOfHealth; } // ------- Creature::Creature(){ summoningSick = true; } // =====DECL====== Land::Land(){ color = NON; classType = new char[strlen("Land") + 1]; classType = "Land"; } // ------ int Land::generateMana(int mana){ // ... // } card.h #ifndef CARD_H #define CARD_H #include <cctype> #include <iostream> #include "conception.h" class Artifact; class Spell; class Card : public Conception { public: Card(); Card(const Card &); ~Card(); protected: char* name; enum CardType { INSTANT, CREATURE, LAND, ENCHANTMENT, ARTIFACT, PLANESWALKER}; enum CardColor { WHITE, BLUE, BLACK, RED, GREEN, NON }; CardType type; CardColor color; int manaCost; char* abilities; char* flavorText; char* keywords; bool inPlay; bool tapped; bool cursed; bool enchanted; Artifact* artifact; virtual int enchant( Card * ); virtual int disenchant (Card * ); virtual int equipArtifact( Artifact* ); virtual Artifact* unequipArtifact(Card * ); }; // ------------ class Spell: public Card { public: Spell(); ~Spell(); Spell(const Spell &); protected: virtual int heal( Spell *&, int ); virtual int attack( Spell *& ); virtual int counter( Spell*& ); int currToughness; int baseToughness; int currPower; int basePower; }; class Land: public Card { public: Land(); ~Land(); protected: virtual int generateMana(int); }; class Forest: public Land { public: Forest(); ~Forest(); protected: int generateMana(); }; class Creature: public Spell { public: Creature(); ~Creature(); protected: bool summoningSick; }; class Sorcery: public Spell { public: Sorcery(); ~Sorcery(); protected: }; #endif conception.h -- this is an "uber class" from which everything derives class Conception{ public: Conception(); ~Conception(); protected: char* classType; }; conception.cpp Conception::Conception{ Conception(){ classType = new char[11]; char = "Conception"; } game.cpp -- this is an incomplete class as of this code #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include "game.h" #include "player.h" Battlefield::Battlefield(){ card = 0; } Battlefield::~Battlefield(){ delete card; } Battlefield::Battlefield(const Battlefield & to_copy){ } // =========== /* class Game(){ public: Game(); ~Game(); protected: Player** player; // for multiple players Battlefield* root; // for battlefield getPlayerMove(); // ask player what to do addToBattlefield(); removeFromBattlefield(); sendAttack(); } */ #endif game.h #ifndef GAME_H #define GAME_H #include "list.h" class CardList(); class Battlefield : CardList{ public: Battlefield(); ~Battlefield(); protected: Card* card; // make an array }; class Game : Conception{ public: Game(); ~Game(); protected: Player** player; // for multiple players Battlefield* root; // for battlefield getPlayerMove(); // ask player what to do addToBattlefield(); removeFromBattlefield(); sendAttack(); Battlefield* field; }; list.cpp #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include "list.h" // ========== LinkedList::LinkedList(){ root = new Node; classType = new char[strlen("LinkedList") + 1]; classType = "LinkedList"; }; LinkedList::~LinkedList(){ delete root; } LinkedList::LinkedList(const LinkedList & obj) { // code to copy } // --------- // ========= int LinkedList::delete_all(Node* root){ if (root = 0) return 0; delete_all(root->next); root = 0; } int LinkedList::add( Conception*& is){ if (root == 0){ root = new Node; root->next = 0; } else { Node * curr = root; root = new Node; root->next=curr; root->it = is; } } int LinkedList::remove(Node * root, Node * prev, Conception* is){ if (root = 0) return -1; if (root->it == is){ root->next = root->next; return 0; } remove(root->next, root, is); return 0; } Conception* LinkedList::find(Node*& root, const Conception* is, Conception* holder = NULL) { if (root==0) return NULL; if (root->it == is){ return root-> it; } holder = find(root->next, is); return holder; } Node* LinkedList::goForward(Node * root){ if (root==0) return root; if (root->next == 0) return root; else return root->next; } // ============ Node* LinkedList::goBackward(Node * root){ root = root->prev; } list.h #ifndef LIST_H #define LIST_H #include <iostream> #include "conception.h" class Node : public Conception { public: Node() : next(0), prev(0), it(0) { it = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Node") + 1]; classType = "Node"; }; ~Node(){ delete it; delete next; delete prev; } Node* next; Node* prev; Conception* it; // generic object }; // ---------------------- class LinkedList : public Conception { public: LinkedList(); ~LinkedList(); LinkedList(const LinkedList&); friend bool operator== (Conception& thing_1, Conception& thing_2 ); protected: virtual int delete_all(Node*); virtual int add( Conception*& ); // virtual Conception* find(Node *&, const Conception*, Conception* ); // virtual int remove( Node *, Node *, Conception* ); // removes question with keyword int display_all(node*& ); virtual Node* goForward(Node *); virtual Node* goBackward(Node *); Node* root; // write copy constrcutor }; // ============= class CircularLinkedList : public LinkedList { public: // CircularLinkedList(); // ~CircularLinkedList(); // CircularLinkedList(const CircularLinkedList &); }; class DoubleLinkedList : public LinkedList { public: // DoubleLinkedList(); // ~DoubleLinkedList(); // DoubleLinkedList(const DoubleLinkedList &); protected: }; // END OF LIST Hierarchy #endif player.cpp #include <iostream> #include "player.h" #include "list.h" using namespace std; Library::Library(){ root = 0; } Library::~Library(){ delete card; } // ====DECL========= Player::~Player(){ delete fname; delete lname; delete deck; } Wizard::~Wizard(){ delete mana; delete rootL; delete rootH; } // =====Player====== void Player::changeName(const char[] first, const char[] last){ char* backup1 = new char[strlen(fname) + 1]; strcpy(backup1, fname); char* backup2 = new char[strlen(lname) + 1]; strcpy(backup1, lname); if (first != NULL){ fname = new char[strlen(first) +1]; strcpy(fname, first); } if (last != NULL){ lname = new char[strlen(last) +1]; strcpy(lname, last); } return 0; } // ========== void Player::seeStats(Stats*& to_put){ to_put->wins = stats->wins; to_put->losses = stats->losses; to_put->winRatio = stats->winRatio; } // ---------- void Player::displayDeck(const LinkedList* deck){ } // ================ void CardList::findCard(Node* root, int id, NodeCard*& is){ if (root == NULL) return; if (root->it.id == id){ copyCard(root->it, is); return; } else findCard(root->next, id, is); } // -------- void CardList::deleteAll(Node* root){ if (root == NULL) return; deleteAll(root->next); root->next = NULL; } // --------- void CardList::removeCard(Node* root, int id){ if (root == NULL) return; if (root->id = id){ root->prev->next = root->next; // the prev link of root, looks back to next of prev node, and sets to where root next is pointing } return; } // --------- void CardList::addCard(Card* to_add){ if (!root){ root = new Node; root->next = NULL; root->prev = NULL; root->it = &to_add; return; } else { Node* original = root; root = new Node; root->next = original; root->prev = NULL; original->prev = root; } } // ----------- void CardList::displayAll(Node*& root){ if (root == NULL) return; cout << "Card Name: " << root->it.cardName; cout << " || Type: " << root->it.type << endl; cout << " --------------- " << endl; if (root->classType == "Spell"){ cout << "Base Power: " << root->it.basePower; cout << " || Current Power: " << root->it.currPower << endl; cout << "Base Toughness: " << root->it.baseToughness; cout << " || Current Toughness: " << root->it.currToughness << endl; } cout << "Card Type: " << root->it.currPower; cout << " || Card Color: " << root->it.color << endl; cout << "Mana Cost" << root->it.manaCost << endl; cout << "Keywords: " << root->it.keywords << endl; cout << "Flavor Text: " << root->it.flavorText << endl; cout << " ----- Class Type: " << root->it.classType << " || ID: " << root->it.id << " ----- " << endl; cout << " ******************************************" << endl; cout << endl; // ------- void CardList::copyCard(const Card& to_get, Card& put_to){ put_to.type = to_get.type; put_to.color = to_get.color; put_to.manaCost = to_get.manaCost; put_to.inPlay = to_get.inPlay; put_to.tapped = to_get.tapped; put_to.class = to_get.class; put_to.id = to_get.id; put_to.enchanted = to_get.enchanted; put_to.artifact = to_get.artifact; put_to.class = to_get.class; put.to.abilities = new char[strlen(to_get.abilities) +1]; strcpy(put_to.abilities, to_get.abilities); put.to.keywords = new char[strlen(to_get.keywords) +1]; strcpy(put_to.keywords, to_get.keywords); put.to.flavorText = new char[strlen(to_get.flavorText) +1]; strcpy(put_to.flavorText, to_get.flavorText); if (to_get.class = "Spell"){ put_to.baseToughness = to_get.baseToughness; put_to.basePower = to_get.basePower; put_to.currToughness = to_get.currToughness; put_to.currPower = to_get.currPower; } } // ---------- player.h #ifndef player.h #define player.h #include "list.h" // ============ class CardList() : public LinkedList(){ public: CardList(); ~CardList(); protected: virtual void findCard(Card&); virtual void addCard(Card* ); virtual void removeCard(Node* root, int id); virtual void deleteAll(); virtual void displayAll(); virtual void copyCard(const Conception*, Node*&); Node* root; } // --------- class Library() : public CardList(){ public: Library(); ~Library(); protected: Card* card; int numCards; findCard(Card&); // get Card and fill empty template } // ----------- class Deck() : public CardList(){ public: Deck(); ~Deck(); protected: enum deckColor { WHITE, BLUE, BLACK, RED, GREEN, MIXED }; char* deckName; } // =============== class Mana(int amount) : public Conception { public: Mana() : displayTotal(0), classType(0) { displayTotal = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Mana") + 1]; classType = "Mana"; }; protected: int accrued; void add(); void remove(); int displayTotal(); } inline Mana::add(){ accrued += 1; } inline Mana::remove(){ accrued -= 1; } inline Mana::displayTotal(){ return accrued; } // ================ class Stats() : public Conception { public: friend class Player; friend class Game; Stats() : wins(0), losses(0), winRatio(0) { wins = 0; losses = 0; if ( (wins + losses != 0) winRatio = wins / (wins + losses); else winRatio = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Stats") + 1]; classType = "Stats"; } protected: int wins; int losses; float winRatio; void int getStats(Stats*& ); } // ================== class Player() : public Conception{ public: Player() : wins(0), losses(0), winRatio(0) { fname = NULL; lname = NULL; stats = NULL; CardList = NULL; classType = new char[strlen("Player") + 1]; classType = "Player"; }; ~Player(); Player(const Player & obj); protected: // member variables char* fname; char* lname; Stats stats; // holds previous game statistics CardList* deck[]; // hold multiple decks that player might use - put ll in this private: // member functions void changeName(const char[], const char[]); void shuffleDeck(int); void seeStats(Stats*& ); void displayDeck(int); chooseDeck(); } // -------------------- class Wizard(Card) : public Player(){ public: Wizard() : { mana = NULL; rootL = NULL; rootH = NULL}; ~Wizard(); protected: playCard(const Card &); removeCard(Card &); attackWithCard(Card &); enchantWithCard(Card &); disenchantWithCard(Card &); healWithCard(Card &); equipWithCard(Card &); Mana* mana[]; Library* rootL; // Library Library* rootH; // Hand } #endif

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  • regex to format a float in php

    - by Itamar Bar-Lev
    I have a PHP function for formatting a float to a given amount of decimal points that uses number_format(), and then removes the unneeded zeros (and also the '.' if possible): $float = number_format($float, $decimalPlaces, '.', ''); for ($i = 0; $i < $decimalPlaces; $i++) { if (substr($float, strlen($float) - 1, strlen($float)) == '0') { $float = substr($float, 0, strlen($float) - 1); } } if (substr($float, strlen($float) - 1, strlen($float)) == '.') { $float = substr($float, 0, strlen($float) - 1); } Is it possible to do so more effectively with a regular expression?

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  • spoof mac address

    - by Cold-Blooded
    // macaddress.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include <windows.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; void readregistry(); void spoofmac(); void main(int argc, char* argv[]) { readregistry(); spoofmac(); } void spoofmac() { ////////////////////// ////////Write to Registry char buffer[60]; unsigned long size = sizeof(buffer); HKEY software; LPCTSTR location; char adapternum[10]=""; char numbers[11]="0123456789"; char editlocation[]="System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Class\\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002bE10318}\\0000"; char macaddress[60]; cout << "\n//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////\nPlease Enter Number of Network Adapter to Spoof or type 'E' to Exit.\nE.g. 18\n\nNumber: "; cin >> adapternum; if (adapternum[0]=='E') { exit(0); } if (strlen(adapternum)==2) { editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-2]=adapternum[0]; editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=adapternum[1]; } if (strlen(adapternum)==1) { editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=adapternum[0]; } if (strlen(adapternum)!=1 && strlen(adapternum)!=2) { cout << "Invaild Network Adapter Chosen\n\n"; exit(0); } cout << "Please Enter the Desired Spoofed Mac Address Without Dashes\nE.g. 00123F0F6D7F\n\nNew Mac: "; cin >> macaddress; location = editlocation; //error line strcpy(buffer,macaddress); size=sizeof(buffer); RegCreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,location,&software); //RegSetValueEx(software,"NetworkAddress",NULL,REG_SZ,(LPBYTE)buffer,size); RegCloseKey(software); cout << "\nMac Address Successfully Spoofed.\n\nWritten by Lyth0s\n\n"; } void readregistry () { //////////////////////////////////// // Read From Registry char driver[60]=""; char mac[60]=""; char numbers[11]="0123456789"; char editlocation[]="System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Class\\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002bE10318}\\0000"; unsigned long driversize = sizeof(driver); unsigned long macsize = sizeof(mac); DWORD type; HKEY software; LPCTSTR location; int tenscount=0; int onescount=0; for (int x =0;x<=19; x+=1) { strcpy(driver,""); driversize=sizeof(driver); strcpy(mac,""); macsize=sizeof(mac); if (editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=='9') { tenscount+=1; onescount=0; editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-2]=numbers[tenscount]; } editlocation[strlen(editlocation)-1]=numbers[onescount]; location=editlocation; //error line // cout << location << "\n"; // cout << "Checking 00" << location[strlen(location)-2] << location[strlen(location)-1] << "\n\n"; RegCreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,location,&software); RegQueryValueEx(software,"DriverDesc",NULL,&type,(LPBYTE)driver,&driversize); //RegCloseKey(software); //RegCreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,location,&software); RegQueryValueEx(software,"NetworkAddress",NULL,&type,(LPBYTE)mac,&macsize); RegCloseKey(software); cout << x << ": " << driver << "| Mac: " << mac << "\n"; onescount+=1; } } this program gives error as follows error C2440: '=' : cannot convert from 'char [83]' to 'LPCTSTR' why this error coming please explain

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  • Can this PHP version of SPICE be improved?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    I do not know much about PHP's standard library of functions and was wondering if the following code can be improved in any way. The implementation should yield the same results, the API should remain as it is, but ways to make is more PHP-ish would be greatly appreciated. This is a custom encryption library. Code <?php /*************************************** Create random major and minor SPICE key. ***************************************/ function crypt_major() { $all = range("\x00", "\xFF"); shuffle($all); $major_key = implode("", $all); return $major_key; } function crypt_minor() { $sample = array(); do { array_push($sample, 0, 1, 2, 3); } while (count($sample) != 256); shuffle($sample); $list = array(); for ($index = 0; $index < 64; $index++) { $b12 = $sample[$index * 4] << 6; $b34 = $sample[$index * 4 + 1] << 4; $b56 = $sample[$index * 4 + 2] << 2; $b78 = $sample[$index * 4 + 3]; array_push($list, $b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78); } $minor_key = implode("", array_map("chr", $list)); return $minor_key; } /*************************************** Create the SPICE key via the given name. ***************************************/ function named_major($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_major(); } function named_minor($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_minor(); } /*************************************** Check validity for major and minor keys. ***************************************/ function _check_major($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 256) { foreach (range("\x00", "\xFF") as $char) { if (substr_count($key, $char) == 0) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } function _check_minor($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 64) { $indexs = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($key)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($indexs, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } $dict = array_count_values($indexs); foreach (range(0, 3) as $index) { if ($dict[$index] != 64) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } /*************************************** Create encode maps for encode functions. ***************************************/ function _encode_map_1($major) { return array_map("ord", str_split($major)); } function _encode_map_2($minor) { $map_2 = array(array(), array(), array(), array()); $list = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($list, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { array_push($map_2[$list[$byte]], chr($byte)); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Create decode maps for decode functions. ***************************************/ function _decode_map_1($minor) { $map_1 = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($map_1, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } return $map_1; }function _decode_map_2($major) { $map_2 = array(); $temp = array_map("ord", str_split($major)); for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { $map_2[$temp[$byte]] = chr($byte); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Encrypt or decrypt the string with maps. ***************************************/ function _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; foreach (str_split($string) as $char) { $byte = $map_1[ord($char)]; foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { $cache .= $map_2[($byte >> $shift) & 3][mt_rand(0, 63)]; } } return $cache; } function _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($string); for ($iter = 0; $iter < strlen($string) / 4; $iter++) { $b12 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4])] << 6; $b34 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 1])] << 4; $b56 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 2])] << 2; $b78 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 3])]; $cache .= $map_2[$b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78]; } return $cache; } /*************************************** This is the public interface for coding. ***************************************/ function encode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string)) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _encode_map_1($major); $map_2 = _encode_map_2($minor); return _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } function decode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string) && strlen($string) % 4 == 0) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _decode_map_1($minor); $map_2 = _decode_map_2($major); return _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } ?> This is a sample showing how the code is being used. Hex editors may be of help with the input / output. Example <?php # get and process all of the form data @ $input = htmlspecialchars($_POST["input"]); @ $majorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorname"]); @ $minorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorname"]); @ $majorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorkey"]); @ $minorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorkey"]); @ $output = htmlspecialchars($_POST["output"]); # process the submissions by operation # CREATE @ $operation = $_POST["operation"]; if ($operation == "Create") { if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) == 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(crypt_major()); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) == 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(crypt_minor()); } if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) != 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(named_major($_POST["majorname"])); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) != 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(named_minor($_POST["minorname"])); } } # ENCRYPT or DECRYPT function is_hex($char) { if ($char == "0"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "1"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "2"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "3"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "4"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "5"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "6"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "7"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "8"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "9"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "a"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "b"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "c"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "d"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "e"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "f"): return TRUE; else: return FALSE; endif; } function hex2bin($str) { if (strlen($str) % 2 == 0): $string = strtolower($str); else: $string = strtolower("0" . $str); endif; $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($str); for ($index = 0; $index < count($temp) / 2; $index++) { $h1 = $temp[$index * 2]; if (is_hex($h1)) { $h2 = $temp[$index * 2 + 1]; if (is_hex($h2)) { $cache .= chr(hexdec($h1 . $h2)); } else { return FALSE; } } else { return FALSE; } } return $cache; } if ($operation == "Encrypt" || $operation == "Decrypt") { # CHECK FOR ANY ERROR $errors = array(); if (strlen($_POST["input"]) == 0) { $output = ""; } $binmajor = hex2bin($_POST["majorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["majorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a major key."); } elseif ($binmajor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_major($binmajor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key is corrupt."); } $binminor = hex2bin($_POST["minorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["minorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a minor key."); } elseif ($binminor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_minor($binminor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key is corrupt."); } if ($_POST["operation"] == "Decrypt") { $bininput = hex2bin(str_replace("\r", "", str_replace("\n", "", $_POST["input"]))); if ($bininput == FALSE) { if (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data must be in hex."); } } elseif (strlen($bininput) % 4 != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data is corrupt."); } } if (count($errors) != 0) { # ERRORS ARE FOUND $output = "ERROR:"; foreach ($errors as $error) { $output .= "\n" . $error; } } elseif (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { # CONTINUE WORKING if ($_POST["operation"] == "Encrypt") { # ENCRYPT $output = substr(chunk_split(bin2hex(encode_string($_POST["input"], $binmajor, $binminor)), 58), 0, -2); } else { # DECRYPT $output = htmlspecialchars(decode_string($bininput, $binmajor, $binminor)); } } } # echo the form with the values filled echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=input rows=25 cols=25>" . $input . "</TEXTAREA></P>\n"; echo "<P>Major Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorname value=\"" . $majorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorname value=\"" . $minorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Create name=operation>\n"; echo "</DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Major Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorkey value=\"" . $majorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorkey value=\"" . $minorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Encrypt name=operation> \n"; echo "<INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Decrypt name=operation> </DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Result:</P>\n"; echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=output rows=25 readOnly cols=25>" . $output . "</TEXTAREA></P></DIV></FORM>\n"; ?>

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  • How can this PHP code be improved? What should be changed?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    This is a custom encryption library. I do not know much about PHP's standard library of functions and was wondering if the following code can be improved in any way. The implementation should yield the same results, the API should remain as it is, but ways to make is more PHP-ish would be greatly appreciated. Code <?php /*************************************** Create random major and minor SPICE key. ***************************************/ function crypt_major() { $all = range("\x00", "\xFF"); shuffle($all); $major_key = implode("", $all); return $major_key; } function crypt_minor() { $sample = array(); do { array_push($sample, 0, 1, 2, 3); } while (count($sample) != 256); shuffle($sample); $list = array(); for ($index = 0; $index < 64; $index++) { $b12 = $sample[$index * 4] << 6; $b34 = $sample[$index * 4 + 1] << 4; $b56 = $sample[$index * 4 + 2] << 2; $b78 = $sample[$index * 4 + 3]; array_push($list, $b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78); } $minor_key = implode("", array_map("chr", $list)); return $minor_key; } /*************************************** Create the SPICE key via the given name. ***************************************/ function named_major($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_major(); } function named_minor($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_minor(); } /*************************************** Check validity for major and minor keys. ***************************************/ function _check_major($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 256) { foreach (range("\x00", "\xFF") as $char) { if (substr_count($key, $char) == 0) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } function _check_minor($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 64) { $indexs = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($key)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($indexs, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } $dict = array_count_values($indexs); foreach (range(0, 3) as $index) { if ($dict[$index] != 64) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } /*************************************** Create encode maps for encode functions. ***************************************/ function _encode_map_1($major) { return array_map("ord", str_split($major)); } function _encode_map_2($minor) { $map_2 = array(array(), array(), array(), array()); $list = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($list, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { array_push($map_2[$list[$byte]], chr($byte)); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Create decode maps for decode functions. ***************************************/ function _decode_map_1($minor) { $map_1 = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($map_1, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } return $map_1; }function _decode_map_2($major) { $map_2 = array(); $temp = array_map("ord", str_split($major)); for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { $map_2[$temp[$byte]] = chr($byte); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Encrypt or decrypt the string with maps. ***************************************/ function _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; foreach (str_split($string) as $char) { $byte = $map_1[ord($char)]; foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { $cache .= $map_2[($byte >> $shift) & 3][mt_rand(0, 63)]; } } return $cache; } function _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($string); for ($iter = 0; $iter < strlen($string) / 4; $iter++) { $b12 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4])] << 6; $b34 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 1])] << 4; $b56 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 2])] << 2; $b78 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 3])]; $cache .= $map_2[$b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78]; } return $cache; } /*************************************** This is the public interface for coding. ***************************************/ function encode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string)) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _encode_map_1($major); $map_2 = _encode_map_2($minor); return _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } function decode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string) && strlen($string) % 4 == 0) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _decode_map_1($minor); $map_2 = _decode_map_2($major); return _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } ?> This is a sample showing how the code is being used. Hex editors may be of help with the input / output. Example <?php # get and process all of the form data @ $input = htmlspecialchars($_POST["input"]); @ $majorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorname"]); @ $minorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorname"]); @ $majorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorkey"]); @ $minorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorkey"]); @ $output = htmlspecialchars($_POST["output"]); # process the submissions by operation # CREATE @ $operation = $_POST["operation"]; if ($operation == "Create") { if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) == 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(crypt_major()); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) == 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(crypt_minor()); } if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) != 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(named_major($_POST["majorname"])); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) != 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(named_minor($_POST["minorname"])); } } # ENCRYPT or DECRYPT function is_hex($char) { if ($char == "0"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "1"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "2"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "3"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "4"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "5"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "6"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "7"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "8"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "9"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "a"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "b"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "c"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "d"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "e"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "f"): return TRUE; else: return FALSE; endif; } function hex2bin($str) { if (strlen($str) % 2 == 0): $string = strtolower($str); else: $string = strtolower("0" . $str); endif; $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($str); for ($index = 0; $index < count($temp) / 2; $index++) { $h1 = $temp[$index * 2]; if (is_hex($h1)) { $h2 = $temp[$index * 2 + 1]; if (is_hex($h2)) { $cache .= chr(hexdec($h1 . $h2)); } else { return FALSE; } } else { return FALSE; } } return $cache; } if ($operation == "Encrypt" || $operation == "Decrypt") { # CHECK FOR ANY ERROR $errors = array(); if (strlen($_POST["input"]) == 0) { $output = ""; } $binmajor = hex2bin($_POST["majorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["majorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a major key."); } elseif ($binmajor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_major($binmajor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key is corrupt."); } $binminor = hex2bin($_POST["minorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["minorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a minor key."); } elseif ($binminor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_minor($binminor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key is corrupt."); } if ($_POST["operation"] == "Decrypt") { $bininput = hex2bin(str_replace("\r", "", str_replace("\n", "", $_POST["input"]))); if ($bininput == FALSE) { if (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data must be in hex."); } } elseif (strlen($bininput) % 4 != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data is corrupt."); } } if (count($errors) != 0) { # ERRORS ARE FOUND $output = "ERROR:"; foreach ($errors as $error) { $output .= "\n" . $error; } } elseif (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { # CONTINUE WORKING if ($_POST["operation"] == "Encrypt") { # ENCRYPT $output = substr(chunk_split(bin2hex(encode_string($_POST["input"], $binmajor, $binminor)), 58), 0, -2); } else { # DECRYPT $output = htmlspecialchars(decode_string($bininput, $binmajor, $binminor)); } } } # echo the form with the values filled echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=input rows=25 cols=25>" . $input . "</TEXTAREA></P>\n"; echo "<P>Major Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorname value=\"" . $majorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorname value=\"" . $minorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Create name=operation>\n"; echo "</DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Major Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorkey value=\"" . $majorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorkey value=\"" . $minorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Encrypt name=operation> \n"; echo "<INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Decrypt name=operation> </DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Result:</P>\n"; echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=output rows=25 readOnly cols=25>" . $output . "</TEXTAREA></P></DIV></FORM>\n"; ?> What should be editted for better memory efficiency or faster execution?

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  • How can this PHP code be improved? What should change?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    This is a custom encryption library. I do not know much about PHP's standard library of functions and was wondering if the following code can be improved in any way. The implementation should yield the same results, the API should remain as it is, but ways to make is more PHP-ish would be greatly appreciated. Code <?php /*************************************** Create random major and minor SPICE key. ***************************************/ function crypt_major() { $all = range("\x00", "\xFF"); shuffle($all); $major_key = implode("", $all); return $major_key; } function crypt_minor() { $sample = array(); do { array_push($sample, 0, 1, 2, 3); } while (count($sample) != 256); shuffle($sample); $list = array(); for ($index = 0; $index < 64; $index++) { $b12 = $sample[$index * 4] << 6; $b34 = $sample[$index * 4 + 1] << 4; $b56 = $sample[$index * 4 + 2] << 2; $b78 = $sample[$index * 4 + 3]; array_push($list, $b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78); } $minor_key = implode("", array_map("chr", $list)); return $minor_key; } /*************************************** Create the SPICE key via the given name. ***************************************/ function named_major($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_major(); } function named_minor($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_minor(); } /*************************************** Check validity for major and minor keys. ***************************************/ function _check_major($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 256) { foreach (range("\x00", "\xFF") as $char) { if (substr_count($key, $char) == 0) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } function _check_minor($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 64) { $indexs = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($key)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($indexs, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } $dict = array_count_values($indexs); foreach (range(0, 3) as $index) { if ($dict[$index] != 64) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } /*************************************** Create encode maps for encode functions. ***************************************/ function _encode_map_1($major) { return array_map("ord", str_split($major)); } function _encode_map_2($minor) { $map_2 = array(array(), array(), array(), array()); $list = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($list, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { array_push($map_2[$list[$byte]], chr($byte)); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Create decode maps for decode functions. ***************************************/ function _decode_map_1($minor) { $map_1 = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($map_1, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } return $map_1; }function _decode_map_2($major) { $map_2 = array(); $temp = array_map("ord", str_split($major)); for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { $map_2[$temp[$byte]] = chr($byte); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Encrypt or decrypt the string with maps. ***************************************/ function _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; foreach (str_split($string) as $char) { $byte = $map_1[ord($char)]; foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { $cache .= $map_2[($byte >> $shift) & 3][mt_rand(0, 63)]; } } return $cache; } function _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($string); for ($iter = 0; $iter < strlen($string) / 4; $iter++) { $b12 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4])] << 6; $b34 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 1])] << 4; $b56 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 2])] << 2; $b78 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 3])]; $cache .= $map_2[$b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78]; } return $cache; } /*************************************** This is the public interface for coding. ***************************************/ function encode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string)) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _encode_map_1($major); $map_2 = _encode_map_2($minor); return _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } function decode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string) && strlen($string) % 4 == 0) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _decode_map_1($minor); $map_2 = _decode_map_2($major); return _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } ?> This is a sample showing how the code is being used. Hex editors may be of help with the input / output. Example <?php # get and process all of the form data @ $input = htmlspecialchars($_POST["input"]); @ $majorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorname"]); @ $minorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorname"]); @ $majorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorkey"]); @ $minorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorkey"]); @ $output = htmlspecialchars($_POST["output"]); # process the submissions by operation # CREATE @ $operation = $_POST["operation"]; if ($operation == "Create") { if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) == 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(crypt_major()); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) == 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(crypt_minor()); } if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) != 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(named_major($_POST["majorname"])); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) != 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(named_minor($_POST["minorname"])); } } # ENCRYPT or DECRYPT function is_hex($char) { if ($char == "0"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "1"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "2"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "3"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "4"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "5"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "6"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "7"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "8"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "9"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "a"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "b"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "c"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "d"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "e"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "f"): return TRUE; else: return FALSE; endif; } function hex2bin($str) { if (strlen($str) % 2 == 0): $string = strtolower($str); else: $string = strtolower("0" . $str); endif; $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($str); for ($index = 0; $index < count($temp) / 2; $index++) { $h1 = $temp[$index * 2]; if (is_hex($h1)) { $h2 = $temp[$index * 2 + 1]; if (is_hex($h2)) { $cache .= chr(hexdec($h1 . $h2)); } else { return FALSE; } } else { return FALSE; } } return $cache; } if ($operation == "Encrypt" || $operation == "Decrypt") { # CHECK FOR ANY ERROR $errors = array(); if (strlen($_POST["input"]) == 0) { $output = ""; } $binmajor = hex2bin($_POST["majorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["majorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a major key."); } elseif ($binmajor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_major($binmajor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key is corrupt."); } $binminor = hex2bin($_POST["minorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["minorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a minor key."); } elseif ($binminor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_minor($binminor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key is corrupt."); } if ($_POST["operation"] == "Decrypt") { $bininput = hex2bin(str_replace("\r", "", str_replace("\n", "", $_POST["input"]))); if ($bininput == FALSE) { if (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data must be in hex."); } } elseif (strlen($bininput) % 4 != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data is corrupt."); } } if (count($errors) != 0) { # ERRORS ARE FOUND $output = "ERROR:"; foreach ($errors as $error) { $output .= "\n" . $error; } } elseif (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { # CONTINUE WORKING if ($_POST["operation"] == "Encrypt") { # ENCRYPT $output = substr(chunk_split(bin2hex(encode_string($_POST["input"], $binmajor, $binminor)), 58), 0, -2); } else { # DECRYPT $output = htmlspecialchars(decode_string($bininput, $binmajor, $binminor)); } } } # echo the form with the values filled echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=input rows=25 cols=25>" . $input . "</TEXTAREA></P>\n"; echo "<P>Major Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorname value=\"" . $majorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorname value=\"" . $minorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Create name=operation>\n"; echo "</DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Major Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorkey value=\"" . $majorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorkey value=\"" . $minorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Encrypt name=operation> \n"; echo "<INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Decrypt name=operation> </DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Result:</P>\n"; echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=output rows=25 readOnly cols=25>" . $output . "</TEXTAREA></P></DIV></FORM>\n"; ?> What should be editted for better memory efficiency or faster execution?

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  • What can be improved in this PHP code?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    This is a custom encryption library. I do not know much about PHP's standard library of functions and was wondering if the following code can be improved in any way. The implementation should yield the same results, the API should remain as it is, but ways to make is more PHP-ish would be greatly appreciated. Code <?php /*************************************** Create random major and minor SPICE key. ***************************************/ function crypt_major() { $all = range("\x00", "\xFF"); shuffle($all); $major_key = implode("", $all); return $major_key; } function crypt_minor() { $sample = array(); do { array_push($sample, 0, 1, 2, 3); } while (count($sample) != 256); shuffle($sample); $list = array(); for ($index = 0; $index < 64; $index++) { $b12 = $sample[$index * 4] << 6; $b34 = $sample[$index * 4 + 1] << 4; $b56 = $sample[$index * 4 + 2] << 2; $b78 = $sample[$index * 4 + 3]; array_push($list, $b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78); } $minor_key = implode("", array_map("chr", $list)); return $minor_key; } /*************************************** Create the SPICE key via the given name. ***************************************/ function named_major($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_major(); } function named_minor($name) { srand(crc32($name)); return crypt_minor(); } /*************************************** Check validity for major and minor keys. ***************************************/ function _check_major($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 256) { foreach (range("\x00", "\xFF") as $char) { if (substr_count($key, $char) == 0) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } function _check_minor($key) { if (is_string($key) && strlen($key) == 64) { $indexs = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($key)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($indexs, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } $dict = array_count_values($indexs); foreach (range(0, 3) as $index) { if ($dict[$index] != 64) { return FALSE; } } return TRUE; } return FALSE; } /*************************************** Create encode maps for encode functions. ***************************************/ function _encode_map_1($major) { return array_map("ord", str_split($major)); } function _encode_map_2($minor) { $map_2 = array(array(), array(), array(), array()); $list = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($list, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { array_push($map_2[$list[$byte]], chr($byte)); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Create decode maps for decode functions. ***************************************/ function _decode_map_1($minor) { $map_1 = array(); foreach (array_map("ord", str_split($minor)) as $byte) { foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { array_push($map_1, ($byte >> $shift) & 3); } } return $map_1; }function _decode_map_2($major) { $map_2 = array(); $temp = array_map("ord", str_split($major)); for ($byte = 0; $byte < 256; $byte++) { $map_2[$temp[$byte]] = chr($byte); } return $map_2; } /*************************************** Encrypt or decrypt the string with maps. ***************************************/ function _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; foreach (str_split($string) as $char) { $byte = $map_1[ord($char)]; foreach (range(6, 0, 2) as $shift) { $cache .= $map_2[($byte >> $shift) & 3][mt_rand(0, 63)]; } } return $cache; } function _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2) { $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($string); for ($iter = 0; $iter < strlen($string) / 4; $iter++) { $b12 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4])] << 6; $b34 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 1])] << 4; $b56 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 2])] << 2; $b78 = $map_1[ord($temp[$iter * 4 + 3])]; $cache .= $map_2[$b12 + $b34 + $b56 + $b78]; } return $cache; } /*************************************** This is the public interface for coding. ***************************************/ function encode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string)) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _encode_map_1($major); $map_2 = _encode_map_2($minor); return _encode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } function decode_string($string, $major, $minor) { if (is_string($string) && strlen($string) % 4 == 0) { if (_check_major($major) && _check_minor($minor)) { $map_1 = _decode_map_1($minor); $map_2 = _decode_map_2($major); return _decode($string, $map_1, $map_2); } } return FALSE; } ?> This is a sample showing how the code is being used. Hex editors may be of help with the input / output. Example <?php # get and process all of the form data @ $input = htmlspecialchars($_POST["input"]); @ $majorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorname"]); @ $minorname = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorname"]); @ $majorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["majorkey"]); @ $minorkey = htmlspecialchars($_POST["minorkey"]); @ $output = htmlspecialchars($_POST["output"]); # process the submissions by operation # CREATE @ $operation = $_POST["operation"]; if ($operation == "Create") { if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) == 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(crypt_major()); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) == 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(crypt_minor()); } if (strlen($_POST["majorname"]) != 0) { $majorkey = bin2hex(named_major($_POST["majorname"])); } if (strlen($_POST["minorname"]) != 0) { $minorkey = bin2hex(named_minor($_POST["minorname"])); } } # ENCRYPT or DECRYPT function is_hex($char) { if ($char == "0"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "1"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "2"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "3"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "4"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "5"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "6"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "7"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "8"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "9"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "a"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "b"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "c"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "d"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "e"): return TRUE; elseif ($char == "f"): return TRUE; else: return FALSE; endif; } function hex2bin($str) { if (strlen($str) % 2 == 0): $string = strtolower($str); else: $string = strtolower("0" . $str); endif; $cache = ""; $temp = str_split($str); for ($index = 0; $index < count($temp) / 2; $index++) { $h1 = $temp[$index * 2]; if (is_hex($h1)) { $h2 = $temp[$index * 2 + 1]; if (is_hex($h2)) { $cache .= chr(hexdec($h1 . $h2)); } else { return FALSE; } } else { return FALSE; } } return $cache; } if ($operation == "Encrypt" || $operation == "Decrypt") { # CHECK FOR ANY ERROR $errors = array(); if (strlen($_POST["input"]) == 0) { $output = ""; } $binmajor = hex2bin($_POST["majorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["majorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a major key."); } elseif ($binmajor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_major($binmajor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The major key is corrupt."); } $binminor = hex2bin($_POST["minorkey"]); if (strlen($_POST["minorkey"]) == 0) { array_push($errors, "There must be a minor key."); } elseif ($binminor == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key must be in hex."); } elseif (_check_minor($binminor) == FALSE) { array_push($errors, "The minor key is corrupt."); } if ($_POST["operation"] == "Decrypt") { $bininput = hex2bin(str_replace("\r", "", str_replace("\n", "", $_POST["input"]))); if ($bininput == FALSE) { if (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data must be in hex."); } } elseif (strlen($bininput) % 4 != 0) { array_push($errors, "The input data is corrupt."); } } if (count($errors) != 0) { # ERRORS ARE FOUND $output = "ERROR:"; foreach ($errors as $error) { $output .= "\n" . $error; } } elseif (strlen($_POST["input"]) != 0) { # CONTINUE WORKING if ($_POST["operation"] == "Encrypt") { # ENCRYPT $output = substr(chunk_split(bin2hex(encode_string($_POST["input"], $binmajor, $binminor)), 58), 0, -2); } else { # DECRYPT $output = htmlspecialchars(decode_string($bininput, $binmajor, $binminor)); } } } # echo the form with the values filled echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=input rows=25 cols=25>" . $input . "</TEXTAREA></P>\n"; echo "<P>Major Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorname value=\"" . $majorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Name:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorname value=\"" . $minorname . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Create name=operation>\n"; echo "</DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Major Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=majorkey value=\"" . $majorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<P>Minor Key:</P>\n"; echo "<P><INPUT id=textbox1 name=minorkey value=\"" . $minorkey . "\"></P>\n"; echo "<DIV style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center\"><INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Encrypt name=operation> \n"; echo "<INPUT class=submit type=submit value=Decrypt name=operation> </DIV>\n"; echo "<P>Result:</P>\n"; echo "<P><TEXTAREA class=maintextarea name=output rows=25 readOnly cols=25>" . $output . "</TEXTAREA></P></DIV></FORM>\n"; ?> What should be editted for better memory efficiency or faster execution?

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  • Visual C++ 2010 Winform Errors C2238, C2059, C1075.

    - by tracelez
    It errors when I try compile. I cut the code out of the program and the program works and complies correctly. Not sure why it doesn't like this. This part of the code does single digit math with numeric strings that are converted into a char arrays. ** Error 2 error C2238: unexpected token(s) preceding ';' C:\Users\Alpha\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\Win32 Form c++\Win32 Form c++\Win32 Form c++.cpp 10 1 Win32 Form c++ ** Error 1 error C2059: syntax error : 'namespace' C:\Users\Alpha\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\Win32 Form c++\Win32 Form c++\Win32 Form c++.cpp 10 1 Win32 Form c++ ** Error 3 error C1075: end of file found before the left brace '{' at 'c:\users\alpha\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\win32 form c++\win32 form c++\Form1.h(40)' was matched C:\Users\Alpha\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\Win32 Form c++\Win32 Form c++\Win32 Form c++.cpp 23 1 Win32 Form c++ ////// ////// // chX[] and chY[] are char arrays from functional part of program std::reverse( chX, &chX[ strlen( chX ) ] ); std::reverse( chY, &chY[ strlen( chY ) ] ); // makes sure x is larger or equal to y...makes looping logic easier if (strlen(chX) < strlen(chY)) { char *chZ = chX; chX = chY; chY = chZ; } //Variables for this part of the program char chX2; char chY2; std::string strSum; int sum = 0; bool carryth1 = false; int x=0; int y=0; for (int i = 0; i <= (strlen(chX)-1); i++) { if (i <= strlen(chY)-1) { chX2= chX[i]; chY2= chY[i]; x = atoi(chX2); y = atoi(chY2); //x = atoi(chX[i]); sum = x+y+(int)carryth1; carryth1 = false; if (sum > 9) { if(i == 0) { sum -=10; strSum = itoa(sum); carryth1 = true; } else { sum -=10; strSum += itoa(sum); carryth1 = true; } } else { if(i == 0) { strSum = itoa(sum); } else { strSum += itoa(sum); } } else { y = 0; chX2= chX[i]; x = atoi(chX2); sum = x+y+(int)carryth1; if((i == strlen(chX)-1)&& (carryth1 == true) && (x == 9)) { strSum += "10"; } else { strSum = itoa(sum); } } std::reverse( strSum, &strSum[ strlen( strSum ) ] ); //Creates new string for txtDisplay this simplifies conversions String^ strDisplay = "X is " + gcnew String((strX1.c_str())) + " Y is " +gcnew String((strY1.c_str())) + " \r\n " ; strDisplay += "The sum of the X + Y = "; txtDisplay->Text = gcnew String((strSum.c_str())) ;

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  • Should functions of a C library always expect a string's length?

    - by Benjamin Kloster
    I'm currently working on a library written in C. Many functions of this library expect a string as char* or const char* in their arguments. I started out with those functions always expecting the string's length as a size_t so that null-termination wasn't required. However, when writing tests, this resulted in frequent use of strlen(), like so: const char* string = "Ugh, strlen is tedious"; libFunction(string, strlen(string)); Trusting the user to pass properly terminated strings would lead to less safe, but more concise and (in my opinion) readable code: libFunction("I hope there's a null-terminator there!"); So, what's the sensible practice here? Make the API more complicated to use, but force the user to think of their input, or document the requirement for a null-terminated string and trust the caller?

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  • Problem in udp socket programing in c

    - by Md. Talha
    I complile the following C code of UDP client after I run './udpclient localhost 9191' in terminal.I put "Enter Text= " as Hello, but it is showing error in sendto as below: Enter text: hello hello : error in sendto()guest-1SDRJ2@md-K42F:~/Desktop$ " Note: I open 1st the server port as below in other terminal ./server 9191. I beleive there is no error in server code. The udp client is not passing message to server. If I don't use thread , the message is passing .But I have to do it by thread. UDP client Code: /* simple UDP echo client */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> #define STRLEN 1024 static void *readdata(void *); static void *writedata(void *); int sockfd, n, slen; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; char sendline[STRLEN], recvline[STRLEN]; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { pthread_t readid,writeid; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; struct hostent *h; if(argc != 3) { printf("Usage: %s <proxy server ip> <port>\n", argv[0]); exit(0); } /* create hostent structure from user entered host name*/ if ( (h = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) { printf("\n%s: error in gethostbyname()", argv[0]); exit(0); } /* create server address structure */ bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)); /* initialize it */ servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; memcpy((char *) &servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr, h->h_addr_list[0], h->h_length); servaddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2])); /* get the port number from argv[2]*/ /* create a UDP socket: SOCK_DGRAM */ if ( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in socket()", argv[0]); exit(0); } pthread_create(&readid,NULL,&readdata,NULL); pthread_create(&writeid,NULL,&writedata,NULL); while(1) { }; close(sockfd); } static void * writedata(void *arg) { /* get user input */ printf("\nEnter text: "); do { if (fgets(sendline, STRLEN, stdin) == NULL) { printf("\n%s: error in fgets()"); exit(0); } /* send a text */ if (sendto(sockfd, sendline, sizeof(sendline), 0, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in sendto()"); exit(0); } }while(1); } static void * readdata(void *arg) { /* wait for echo */ slen = sizeof(servaddr); if ( (n = recvfrom(sockfd, recvline, STRLEN, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr, &slen)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in recvfrom()"); exit(0); } /* null terminate the string */ recvline[n] = 0; fputs(recvline, stdout); }

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  • Help debugging c fifos code - stack smashing detected - open call not functioning - removing pipes

    - by nunos
    I have three bugs/questions regarding the source code pasted below: stack smashing deteced: In order to compile and not have that error I have addedd the gcc compile flag -fno-stack-protector. However, this should be just a temporary solution, since I would like to find where the cause for this is and correct it. However, I haven't been able to do so. Any clues? For some reason, the last open function call doesn't work and the programs just stops there, without an error, even though the fifo already exists. I want to delete the pipes from the filesystem after before terminating the processes. I have added close and unlink statements at the end, but the fifos are not removed. What am I doing wrong? Thanks very much in advance. P.S.: I am pasting here the whole source file for additional clarity. Just ignore the comments, since they are in my own native language. server.c: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <errno.h> #define MAX_INPUT_LENGTH 100 #define FIFO_NAME_MAX_LEN 20 #define FIFO_DIR "/tmp/" #define FIFO_NAME_CMD_CLI_TO_SRV "lrc_cmd_cli_to_srv" typedef enum { false, true } bool; bool background = false; char* logfile = NULL; void read_from_fifo(int fd, char** var) { int n_bytes; read(fd, &n_bytes, sizeof(int)); *var = (char *) malloc (n_bytes); read(fd, *var, n_bytes); printf("read %d bytes '%s'\n", n_bytes, *var); } void write_to_fifo(int fd, char* data) { int n_bytes = (strlen(data)+1) * sizeof(char); write(fd, &n_bytes, sizeof(int)); //primeiro envia o numero de bytes que a proxima instrucao write ira enviar write(fd, data, n_bytes); printf("writing %d bytes '%s'\n", n_bytes, data); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { //CRIA FIFO CMD_CLI_TO_SRV, se ainda nao existir char* fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv; fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv = (char*) malloc ( (strlen(FIFO_NAME_CMD_CLI_TO_SRV) + strlen(FIFO_DIR) + 1) * sizeof(char) ); strcpy(fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv, FIFO_DIR); strcat(fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv, FIFO_NAME_CMD_CLI_TO_SRV); int n = mkfifo(fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv, 0660); //TODO ver permissoes if (n < 0 && errno != EEXIST) //se houver erro, e nao for por causa de ja haver um com o mesmo nome, termina o programa { fprintf(stderr, "erro ao criar o fifo\n"); fprintf(stderr, "errno: %d\n", errno); exit(4); } //se por acaso já existir, nao cria o fifo e continua o programa normalmente //le informacao enviada pelo cliente, nesta ordem: //1. pid (em formato char*) do processo cliente //2. comando /CONNECT //3. nome de fifo INFO_SRV_TO_CLIXXX //4. nome de fifo MSG_SRV_TO_CLIXXX char* command; char* fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli; char* fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli; char* client_pid_string; int client_pid; int fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, fd_info_srv_to_cli; fd_cmd_cli_to_srv = open(fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv, O_RDONLY); read_from_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, &client_pid_string); client_pid = atoi(client_pid_string); read_from_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, &command); //recebe commando /CONNECT read_from_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, &fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); //recebe nome de fifo INFO_SRV_TO_CLIXXX read_from_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, &fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli); //recebe nome de fifo MSG_TO_SRV_TO_CLIXXX //CIRA FIFO MSG_CLIXXX_TO_SRV char fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv[FIFO_NAME_MAX_LEN]; strcpy(fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv, FIFO_DIR); strcat(fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv, "lrc_msg_cli"); strcat(fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv, client_pid_string); strcat(fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv, "_to_srv"); n = mkfifo(fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv, 0660); if (n < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "error creating %s\n", fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv); fprintf(stderr, "errno: %d\n", errno); exit(5); } //envia ao cliente a resposta ao commando /CONNECT fd_info_srv_to_cli = open(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli, O_WRONLY); write_to_fifo(fd_info_srv_to_cli, fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv); free(logfile); free(fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv); close(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv); unlink(fifo_name_cmd_cli_to_srv); unlink(fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv); unlink(fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli); unlink(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); printf("fim\n"); return 0; } client.c: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <errno.h> #define MAX_INPUT_LENGTH 100 #define PID_BUFFER_LEN 10 #define FIFO_NAME_CMD_CLI_TO_SRV "lrc_cmd_cli_to_srv" #define FIFO_NAME_INFO_SRV_TO_CLI "lrc_info_srv_to_cli" #define FIFO_NAME_MSG_SRV_TO_CLI "lrc_msg_srv_to_cli" #define COMMAND_MAX_LEN 100 #define FIFO_DIR "/tmp/" typedef enum { false, true } bool; char* nickname; char* name; char* email; void write_to_fifo(int fd, char* data) { int n_bytes = (strlen(data)+1) * sizeof(char); write(fd, &n_bytes, sizeof(int)); //primeiro envia o numero de bytes que a proxima instrucao write ira enviar write(fd, data, n_bytes); printf("writing %d bytes '%s'\n", n_bytes, data); } void read_from_fifo(int fd, char** var) { int n_bytes; read(fd, &n_bytes, sizeof(int)); *var = (char *) malloc (n_bytes); printf("read '%s'\n", *var); read(fd, *var, n_bytes); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { pid_t pid = getpid(); //CRIA FIFO INFO_SRV_TO_CLIXXX char pid_string[PID_BUFFER_LEN]; sprintf(pid_string, "%d", pid); char* fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli; fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli = (char *) malloc ( (strlen(FIFO_DIR) + strlen(FIFO_NAME_INFO_SRV_TO_CLI) + strlen(pid_string) + 1 ) * sizeof(char) ); strcpy(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli, FIFO_DIR); strcat(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli, FIFO_NAME_INFO_SRV_TO_CLI); strcat(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli, pid_string); int n = mkfifo(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli, 0660); if (n < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "error creating %s\n", fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); fprintf(stderr, "errno: %d\n", errno); exit(6); } int fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, fd_info_srv_to_cli; fd_cmd_cli_to_srv = open("/tmp/lrc_cmd_cli_to_srv", O_WRONLY); char command[COMMAND_MAX_LEN]; printf("> "); scanf("%s", command); while (strcmp(command, "/CONNECT")) { printf("O primeiro comando deverá ser \"/CONNECT\"\n"); printf("> "); scanf("%s", command); } //CRIA FIFO MSG_SRV_TO_CLIXXX char* fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli; fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli = (char *) malloc ( (strlen(FIFO_DIR) + strlen(FIFO_NAME_MSG_SRV_TO_CLI) + strlen(pid_string) + 1) * sizeof(char) ); strcpy(fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli, FIFO_DIR); strcat(fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli, FIFO_NAME_MSG_SRV_TO_CLI); strcat(fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli, pid_string); n = mkfifo(fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli, 0660); if (n < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "error creating %s\n", fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); fprintf(stderr, "errno: %d\n", errno); exit(7); } // ENVIA COMANDO /CONNECT write_to_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, pid_string); //envia pid do processo cliente write_to_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, command); //envia commando /CONNECT write_to_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); //envia nome de fifo INFO_SRV_TO_CLIXXX write_to_fifo(fd_cmd_cli_to_srv, fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli); //envia nome de fifo MSG_TO_SRV_TO_CLIXXX // recebe do servidor a resposta ao comanddo /CONNECT printf("msg1\n"); printf("vamos tentar abrir %s\n", fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); fd_info_srv_to_cli = open(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli, O_RDONLY); printf("%s aberto", fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); if (fd_info_srv_to_cli < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "erro ao criar %s\n", fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); fprintf(stderr, "errno: %d\n", errno); } printf("msg2\n"); char* fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv; printf("msg3\n"); read_from_fifo(fd_info_srv_to_cli, &fifo_name_msg_cli_to_srv); printf("msg4\n"); free(nickname); free(name); free(email); free(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); free(fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli); unlink(fifo_name_msg_srv_to_cli); unlink(fifo_name_info_srv_to_cli); printf("fim\n"); return 0; } makefile: CC = gcc CFLAGS = -Wall -lpthread -fno-stack-protector all: client server client: client.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) client.c -o client server: server.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) server.c -o server clean: rm -f client server *~

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  • int vs size_t on 64bit

    - by MK
    Porting code from 32bit to 64bit. Lots of places with int len = strlen(pstr); These all generate warnings now because strlen() returns size_t which is 64bit and int is still 32bit. So I've been replacing them with size_t len = strlen(pstr); But I just realized that this is not safe, as size_t is unsigned and it can be treated as signed by the code (I actually ran into one case where it caused a problem, thank you, unit tests!). Blindly casting strlen return to (int) feels dirty. Or maybe it shouldn't? So the question is: is there an elegant solution for this? I probably have a thousand lines of code like that in the codebase; I can't manually check each one of them and the test coverage is currently somewhere between 0.01 and 0.001%.

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  • ZIPLIB problem on opening zip files

    - by Ahmet vardar
    I am using this class to create zip <?php // vim: expandtab sw=4 ts=4 sts=4: class zipfile { var $datasec = array(); var $ctrl_dir = array(); var $eof_ctrl_dir = "\x50\x4b\x05\x06\x00\x00\x00\x00"; var $old_offset = 0; function unix2DosTime($unixtime = 0) { $timearray = ($unixtime == 0) ? getdate() : getdate($unixtime); if ($timearray['year'] < 1980) { $timearray['year'] = 1980; $timearray['mon'] = 1; $timearray['mday'] = 1; $timearray['hours'] = 0; $timearray['minutes'] = 0; $timearray['seconds'] = 0; } // end if return (($timearray['year'] - 1980) << 25) | ($timearray['mon'] << 21) | ($timearray['mday'] << 16) | ($timearray['hours'] << 11) | ($timearray['minutes'] << 5) | ($timearray['seconds'] >> 1); } // end of the 'unix2DosTime()' method function addFile($data, $name, $time = 0) { $name = str_replace('\\', '/', $name); $dtime = dechex($this->unix2DosTime($time)); $hexdtime = '\x' . $dtime[6] . $dtime[7] . '\x' . $dtime[4] . $dtime[5] . '\x' . $dtime[2] . $dtime[3] . '\x' . $dtime[0] . $dtime[1]; eval('$hexdtime = "' . $hexdtime . '";'); $fr = "\x50\x4b\x03\x04"; $fr .= "\x14\x00"; // ver needed to extract $fr .= "\x00\x00"; // gen purpose bit flag $fr .= "\x08\x00"; // compression method $fr .= $hexdtime; // last mod time and date // "local file header" segment $unc_len = strlen($data); $crc = crc32($data); $zdata = gzcompress($data); $zdata = substr(substr($zdata, 0, strlen($zdata) - 4), 2); // fix crc bug $c_len = strlen($zdata); $fr .= pack('V', $crc); // crc32 $fr .= pack('V', $c_len); // compressed filesize $fr .= pack('V', $unc_len); // uncompressed filesize $fr .= pack('v', strlen($name)); // length of filename $fr .= pack('v', 0); // extra field length $fr .= $name; // "file data" segment $fr .= $zdata; // "data descriptor" segment (optional but necessary if archive is not // served as file) $fr .= pack('V', $crc); // crc32 $fr .= pack('V', $c_len); // compressed filesize $fr .= pack('V', $unc_len); // uncompressed filesize // add this entry to array $this -> datasec[] = $fr; // now add to central directory record $cdrec = "\x50\x4b\x01\x02"; $cdrec .= "\x00\x00"; // version made by $cdrec .= "\x14\x00"; // version needed to extract $cdrec .= "\x00\x00"; // gen purpose bit flag $cdrec .= "\x08\x00"; // compression method $cdrec .= $hexdtime; // last mod time & date $cdrec .= pack('V', $crc); // crc32 $cdrec .= pack('V', $c_len); // compressed filesize $cdrec .= pack('V', $unc_len); // uncompressed filesize $cdrec .= pack('v', strlen($name) ); // length of filename $cdrec .= pack('v', 0 ); // extra field length $cdrec .= pack('v', 0 ); // file comment length $cdrec .= pack('v', 0 ); // disk number start $cdrec .= pack('v', 0 ); // internal file attributes $cdrec .= pack('V', 32 ); // external file attributes - 'archive' bit set $cdrec .= pack('V', $this -> old_offset ); // relative offset of local header $this -> old_offset += strlen($fr); $cdrec .= $name; // optional extra field, file comment goes here // save to central directory $this -> ctrl_dir[] = $cdrec; } // end of the 'addFile()' method function file() { $data = implode('', $this -> datasec); $ctrldir = implode('', $this -> ctrl_dir); return $data . $ctrldir . $this -> eof_ctrl_dir . pack('v', sizeof($this -> ctrl_dir)) . // total # of entries "on this disk" pack('v', sizeof($this -> ctrl_dir)) . // total # of entries overall pack('V', strlen($ctrldir)) . // size of central dir pack('V', strlen($data)) . // offset to start of central dir "\x00\x00"; // .zip file comment length } // end of the 'file()' method function addFiles($files ) { foreach($files as $file) { if (is_file($file)) //directory check { $data = implode("",file($file)); $this->addFile($data,$file); } } } function output($file) { $fp=fopen($file,"w"); fwrite($fp,$this->file()); fclose($fp); } } // end of the 'zipfile' class ?> It creates zip file but when i try to open it on Mac os x snow leopard and windows 7, it doesnt open. on mac i had this error: Error 1: operation not permitted Any idea ? thanks

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  • a program similar to ls with some modifications

    - by Bond
    Hi, here is a simple puzzle I wanted to discuss. A C program to take directory name as command line argument and print last 3 directories and 3 files in all subdirectories without using api 'system' inside it. suppose directory bond0 contains bond1, di2, bond3, bond4, bond5 and my_file1, my_file2, my_file3, my_file4, my_file5, my_file6 and bond1 contains bond6 my_file7 my_file8 my_file9 my_file10 program should output - bond3, bond4, bond5, my_file4, my_file5, my_file6, bond6, my_file8, my_file9, my_file10 My code for the above problem is here #include<dirent.h> #include<unistd.h> #include<string.h> #include<sys/stat.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<stdio.h> char *directs[20], *files[20]; int i = 0; int j = 0; int count = 0; void printdir(char *); int count_dirs(char *); int count_files(char *); int main() { char startdir[20]; printf("Scanning user directories\n"); scanf("%s", startdir); printdir(startdir); } void printdir(char *dir) { printf("printdir called %d directory is %s\n", ++count, dir); DIR *dp = opendir(dir); int nDirs, nFiles, nD, nF; nDirs = 0; nFiles = 0; nD = 0; nF = 0; if (dp) { struct dirent *entry = 0; struct stat statBuf; nDirs = count_dirs(dir); nFiles = count_files(dir); printf("The no of subdirectories in %s is %d \n", dir, nDirs); printf("The no of files in %s is %d \n", dir, nFiles); while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { nD++; if ((nDirs - nD) < 3) { printf("The directory is %s\n",entry->d_name); } } else { nF++; if ((nFiles - nF) < 3) { printf("The files are %s\n", entry->d_name); } //if } //else free(filepath); } //if(filepath) } //while while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } printf("In second while loop *entry=%s\n",entry->d_name); char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { printdir(entry->d_name); } } //else free(filepath); } //2nd while closedir(dp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Error, cannot open directory %s\n", dir); } } //printdir int count_dirs(char *dir) { DIR *dp = opendir(dir); int nD; nD = 0; if (dp) { struct dirent *entry = 0; struct stat statBuf; while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "File Not found? %s\n", filepath); } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { nD++; } else { continue; } free(filepath); } } closedir(dp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Error, cannot open directory %s\n", dir); } return nD; } int count_files(char *dir) { DIR *dp = opendir(dir); int nF; nF = 0; if (dp) { struct dirent *entry = 0; struct stat statBuf; while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "File Not found? %s\n", filepath); } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { continue; } else { nF++; } free(filepath); } } closedir(dp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Error, cannot open file %s\n", dir); } return nF; } The above code I wrote is a bit not functioning correctly can some one help me to understand the error which is coming.So that I improve it further.There seems to be some small glitch which is not clear to me right now.

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  • Adding two different Objects by overloading operator+ C++

    - by lampshade
    Hello, I've been trying to figure out how to add a private member from Object A, to a private member from Object B. Both Cat and Dog Class's inheriate from the base class Animal. I have a thrid class 'MyClass', that I want to inheriate the private members of the Cat and Dog class. So in MyClass, I have a friend function to overload the + operator. THe friend function is defined as follows: MyClass operator+(const Dog &dObj, const Cat &cObj); I want to access dObj.age and cObj.age within the above function, invoke by this statement in main: mObj = dObj + cObj; Here is the entire source for a complete reference into the class objects: #include <iostream> #include <vld.h> using namespace std; class Animal { public : Animal() {}; virtual void eat() = 0 {}; virtual void walk() = 0 {}; }; class Dog : public Animal { public : Dog(const char * name, const char * gender, int age); Dog() : name(NULL), gender(NULL), age(0) {}; virtual ~Dog(); void eat(); void bark(); void walk(); private : char * name; char * gender; int age; }; class Cat : public Animal { public : Cat(const char * name, const char * gender, int age); Cat() : name(NULL), gender(NULL), age(0) {}; virtual ~Cat(); void eat(); void meow(); void walk(); private : char * name; char * gender; int age; }; class MyClass : private Cat, private Dog { public : MyClass() : action(NULL) {}; void setInstance(Animal &newInstance); void doSomething(); friend MyClass operator+(const Dog &dObj, const Cat &cObj); private : Animal * action; }; Cat::Cat(const char * name, const char * gender, int age) : name(new char[strlen(name)+1]), gender(new char[strlen(gender)+1]), age(age) { if (name) { size_t length = strlen(name) +1; strcpy_s(this->name, length, name); } else name = NULL; if (gender) { size_t length = strlen(gender) +1; strcpy_s(this->gender, length, gender); } else gender = NULL; if (age) { this->age = age; } } Cat::~Cat() { delete name; delete gender; age = 0; } void Cat::walk() { cout << name << " is walking now.. " << endl; } void Cat::eat() { cout << name << " is eating now.. " << endl; } void Cat::meow() { cout << name << " says meow.. " << endl; } Dog::Dog(const char * name, const char * gender, int age) : name(new char[strlen(name)+1]), gender(new char[strlen(gender)+1]), age(age) { if (name) { size_t length = strlen(name) +1; strcpy_s(this->name, length, name); } else name = NULL; if (gender) { size_t length = strlen(gender) +1; strcpy_s(this->gender, length, gender); } else gender = NULL; if (age) { this->age = age; } } Dog::~Dog() { delete name; delete gender; age = 0; } void Dog::eat() { cout << name << " is eating now.. " << endl; } void Dog::bark() { cout << name << " says woof.. " << endl; } void Dog::walk() { cout << name << " is walking now.." << endl; } void MyClass::setInstance(Animal &newInstance) { action = &newInstance; } void MyClass::doSomething() { action->walk(); action->eat(); } MyClass operator+(const Dog &dObj, const Cat &cObj) { MyClass A; //dObj.age; //cObj.age; return A; } int main() { MyClass mObj; Dog dObj("B", "Male", 4); Cat cObj("C", "Female", 5); mObj.setInstance(dObj); // set the instance specific to the object. mObj.doSomething(); // something happens based on which object is passed in dObj.bark(); mObj.setInstance(cObj); mObj.doSomething(); cObj.meow(); mObj = dObj + cObj; return 0; }

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