It gives the following details of the package operation failing after using the sofware updater on 12.10:

installArchives() failed: perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
    LANGUAGE = (unset),
    LC_ALL = (unset),
    LANG = "en_IN.ISO8859-1" 
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Preconfiguring packages ...
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = (unset),
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_IN.ISO8859-1"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Preconfiguring packages ...
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = (unset),
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_IN.ISO8859-1"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Preconfiguring packages ...
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = (unset),
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_IN.ISO8859-1"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 
(Reading database ... 217566 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace linux-image-3.5.0-36-generic 3.5.0-36.57~precise1 (using .../linux-image-3.5.0-36-generic_3.5.0-36.57_amd64.deb) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Done.
Unpacking replacement linux-image-3.5.0-36-generic ...
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-36-generic_3.5.0-36.57_amd64.deb (--unpack):
unable to make backup link of `./boot/System.map-3.5.0-36-generic' before installing new version: Operation not permitted
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.5.0-36-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-36-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.5.0-36-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-36-generic
Preparing to replace linux-image-3.5.0-42-generic 3.5.0-42.65~precise1 (using .../linux-image-3.5.0-42-generic_3.5.0-42.65_amd64.deb) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Done.
Unpacking replacement linux-image-3.5.0-42-generic ...
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-42-generic_3.5.0-42.65_amd64.deb (--unpack):
unable to make backup link of `./boot/System.map-3.5.0-42-generic' before installing new version: Operation not permitted
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.5.0-42-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-42-generic
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.5.0-42-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-42-generic
Preparing to replace memtest86+ 4.20-1.1ubuntu1 (using .../memtest86+_4.20-1.1ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement memtest86+ ...
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/memtest86+_4.20-1.1ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
unable to make backup link of `./boot/memtest86+.bin' before installing new version: Operation not permitted
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-36-generic_3.5.0-36.57_amd64.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-42-generic_3.5.0-42.65_amd64.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/memtest86+_4.20-1.1ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb
Error in function: 

Output of df -h:

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on 
/dev/sda6 38G 6.5G 30G 19% / 
udev 3.5G 4.0K 3.5G 1% /dev 
tmpfs 1.5G 924K 1.5G 1% /run 
none 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock 
none 3.6G 296K 3.6G 1% /run/shm 
none 100M 64K 100M 1% /run/user 
/dev/sda1 197M 87M 111M 44% /boot 
/dev/sda5 243G 971M 230G 1% /home