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  • What is the best freeware app for Windows to mount EXT4 partitions (from a GPT 4TB Disk) as RW, safely without corrupting the EXT4 partition?

    - by Bran
    My Computer is set up as Dualboot Windows and Ubuntu. I have 1 OS drive, and 1 hard drive with a /backup partition (which has all my family photos and data) and it is ext4. Also note... it is EXT4, and it is GPT, and it is 4TB size. Anyway, Windows can not mount the /backup ext4 partition. What software/freeware do you reccomend for Windows? Preferrably looking for someone with experiance using it for a long time and not have problems with EXT4 partition which is a 4TB, GPT Disk. Thank you for your advice and guidance! Always, appreciate everyones help at askubuntu, you guys are the best. Any ideas?

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  • weird SSH connection timed out

    - by bran
    This problem started when I tried to login to my brand spaning new VPS server. I remember that in my first SSH try on the server I actually got prompt for password several times which would mean that there is no port blocking problem from my isp. Since the password did'nt work for me (for some reason). I had a lot of authentication failure. After that attempting to log in to the server just timed out. I did the same at mediatemple (which used to work before with sftp) and put in wrong password and now trying to ssh (or even SFTP) gives me timeout error. So some kind of security feature is preventing me from trying too many times to log in, either from my side or from the server side. Any idea what it could be? TRaceroute and ping works on the ips. I am using a zyxel wimax modem (max-206m1r - if that's relevent) c:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSH\bin>ssh.exe [email protected] ssh: connect to host 109.169.7.136 port 22: Connection timed out c:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSH\bin>ssh.exe [email protected] ssh: connect to host 109.169.7.131 port 22: Connection timed out c:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSH\bin>ssh.exe [email protected] ssh: connect to host 87.117.249.227 port 22: Connection timed out c:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSH\bin>ssh.exe [email protected] -vv OpenSSH_5.6p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8r 8 Feb 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to 87.117.249.227 [87.117.249.227] port 22. debug1: connect to address 87.117.249.227 port 22: Connection timed out ssh: connect to host 87.117.249.227 port 22: Connection timed out c:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSH\bin>ssh.exe s122797.gridserver.com Could not create directory '/home/pavs/.ssh'. The authenticity of host 's122797.gridserver.com (205.186.175.110)' can't be est ablished. RSA key fingerprint is 33:24:1e:38:bc:fd:75:02:81:d8:39:42:16:f6:f6:ff. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Failed to add the host to the list of known hosts (/home/pavs/.ssh/known_hosts). Password: Password: Password: [email protected]'s password: Permission denied, please try again. [email protected]'s password: Permission denied, please try again. [email protected]'s password: Received disconnect from 205.186.175.110: 2: Too many authentication failures fo r pavs c:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSH\bin>ssh.exe s122797.gridserver.com ssh: connect to host s122797.gridserver.com port 22: Connection timed out c:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSH\bin>ssh.exe s122797.gridserver.com ssh: connect to host s122797.gridserver.com port 22: Connection timed out

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  • What are secure ways of sharing a server (ssh+LAMP) with friends?

    - by Bran the Blessed
    What is the best way to share a virtual server with friends? More precisely, I have the following assets: A virtual private server (Debian Lenny) with root access for myself, running... SSH apache2 mysql Some unused disk space Some friends in need of hosting The problem I would now like to do the following: Hosting one or several domains per friend My friends should have full access to their domains, including running PHP scripts, for example My friends should not be able to poke around in other directories The security of my server should not be compromised by faulty PHP scripts To clarify: I do trust my friends in the sense that they are not trying to do something evil with their access. I just do not trust the programs they are going to run. So, what are your recommendations for establishing such a scenario? Partial solution I already came up with the following plan: Add chrooted SSH users for my friends Add Apache vhosts per user (point the directories to subdirectories of the homedirectories, i.e. /home/alice/example.com, /home/bob/example.net, etc. But how can I enforce a chroot-like environment for the scripts they are running within these vhosts? Any pointers would be appreciated.

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  • GridView to excel after create send mail c#

    - by Diego Bran
    I want to send a .xlsx , first I created (It has html code in it) then I used a SMTP server to send it , it does attach the file but when I tried to open it " It says that the file is corrupted etc" any help? Here is my code try { System.IO.StringWriter sw = new System.IO.StringWriter(); System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter htw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(sw); // Render grid view control. gvStock.RenderControl(htw); // Write the rendered content to a file. string renderedGridView = sw.ToString(); File.WriteAllText(@"C:\test\ExportedFile.xls", renderedGridView); // File.WriteAllText(@"C:\test\ExportedFile.xls", p1); } catch (Exception e) { Response.Write(e.Message); } try { MailMessage mail = new MailMessage(); SmtpClient SmtpServer = new SmtpClient("server"); mail.From = new MailAddress("[email protected]"); mail.To.Add("[email protected]"); mail.Subject = "Test Mail - 1"; mail.Body = "mail with attachment"; Attachment data = new Attachment("C:/test/ExportedFile.xls"); mail.Attachments.Add(data); SmtpServer.Port = 25; SmtpServer.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential("user", "pass"); // SmtpServer.EnableSsl = true; SmtpServer.UseDefaultCredentials = false; SmtpServer.Send(mail); } catch( Exception e) { Response.Write(e.Message); }

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  • New to PHP, need book recommendations

    - by bran
    Hey guys, I need few good book recommendations for PHP. I am trying to learn to develop webapps. I know there are other (arguably) better language out there that I should start with (ie, python). But I want to start with PHP and go from there. My programming knowledge is limited to html/css (I know they are not actually programming languages), and I have gone through half of a python book. Thanks! :)

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  • Compiz window decorator randomly disappears

    - by adjfac
    I know people have posted this problem before such as http://askubuntu.com/users/authenticate/?s=9b515fe8-5da2-4bb9-ba01-dcea538b9b9c&dnoa.userSuppliedIdentifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2Fo8%2Fid&openid.mode=cancel&openid.ns=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fauth%2F2.0 but i am looking for a more permanent solution right now. It happens to me at least once a day and when that happens, I usually go to compiz, uncheck and check window decorator and it will bring it back. But it's sort annoying and just wonder if there is a permanent fix out yet? I am using gnome (not unity), on a bran-new thinkpad t520.

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  • hp ProLiant DL380 G6 server error code: 347 of array controller

    - by alhaythum
    I have got a bran new hp ProLiant DL380 G6 server with embedded smart array P410i controller, I got 164 GB SATA drives and wanted to change them with 300 GB SATA drives before installation. Now, we replace the drives and begin the configuration with the hp DVD and begin; when we reach the point that we want to save the configurations, an error message appears: "The operation has failed with an unknown error, please restart the application and attempt the operation again" When using Rescan System, this error message appears: "Status Alerts - Smart Array P410i in Embedded Slot Warning Status Message Code Description 347 The cache for Smart Array P410i Embedded Slot is not configured" We return back to the 164 GB SATA drives and the message just keeps appearing again. Any help please.

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  • populate jsp drop down with database info

    - by Cano63
    Hello, people, i,m looking for the way to populate a jsp dropdown. I want that when the jsp load it fill the dropdown with the info that i have in a database table. Down I,m icluding the code of my class that will create the array and fill it with the database info. Whant i don,t know is how to call that class from my jsp and fill the dropdown. '// this will create my array public static ArrayList getBrandsMakes() { ArrayList arrayBrandsMake = new ArrayList(); while(rs.next()) { arrayBrandsMake.add(loadOB(rs)); // CARGO MI ARREGLO CON UN OBJETO } return arrayBrandsMake; } } //this will load my array object private static DropDownBrands loadOB(ResultSet rs)throws SQLException { DropDownBrands OB = new DropDownBrands (); OB.setBrands("BRAN"); return OB; } '

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  • Populate JSP dropdown with database info

    - by Cano63
    I'm looking for the way to populate a JSP dropdown. I want that when the JSP loads it fills the dropdown with the info that I have in a database table. I'm including the code of my class that will create the array and fill it with the database info. What I don't know is how to call that class from my JSP and fill the dropdown. // this will create my array public static ArrayList<DropDownBrands> getBrandsMakes() { ArrayList<DropDownBrands> arrayBrandsMake = new ArrayList<DropDownBrands>(); while (rs.next()) { arrayBrandsMake.add(loadOB(rs)); // CARGO MI ARREGLO CON UN OBJETO } return arrayBrandsMake; } // this will load my array object private static DropDownBrands loadOB(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException { DropDownBrands OB = new DropDownBrands(); OB.setBrands("BRAN"); return OB; }

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  • Including uncovered files in Devel::Cover reports

    - by Markus
    I have a project setup like this: bin/fizzbuzz-game.pl lib/FizzBuzz.pm test/TestFizzBuzz.pm test/TestFizzBuzz.t When I run coverage on this, using perl -MDevel::Cover=-db,/tmp/cover_db test/*.t ... I get the following output: ----------------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ File stmt bran cond sub time total ----------------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ lib/FizzBuzz.pm 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 1.4 100.0 test/TestFizzBuzz.pm 100.0 n/a n/a 100.0 97.9 100.0 test/TestFizzBuzz.t 100.0 n/a n/a 100.0 0.7 100.0 Total 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 100.0 ----------------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ That is: the totally-uncovered file bin/fizzbuzz-game.pl is not included in the results. How do I fix this?

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  • Excel VBA: Passing a collection from a class to a module issue

    - by Martin
    Hello, I have been trying to return a collection from a property within a class to a routine in a normal module. The issue I am experiencing is that the collection is getting populated correctly within the property in the class (FetchAll) but when I pass the collection back to the module (Test) all the entries are populated with the last item in the list. This is the Test sub-routine in the standard module: Sub Test() Dim QueryType As New QueryType Dim Item Dim QueryTypes As Collection Set QueryTypes = QueryType.FetchAll For Each Item In QueryTypes Debug.Print Item.QueryTypeID, _ Left(Item.Description, 4) Next Item End Sub This is the FetchAll property in the QueryType class: Public Property Get FetchAll() As Collection Dim RS As Variant Dim Row As Long Dim QTypeList As Collection Set QTypeList = New Collection RS = .Run ' populates RS with a record set from a database (as an array), ' some code removed ' goes through the array and sets up objects for each entry For Row = LBound(RS, 2) To UBound(RS, 2) Dim QType As New QueryType With QType .QueryTypeID = RS(0, Row) .Description = RS(1, Row) .Priority = RS(2, Row) .QueryGroupID = RS(3, Row) .ActiveIND = RS(4, Row) End With ' adds new QType to collection QTypeList.Add Item:=QType, Key:=CStr(RS(0, Row)) Debug.Print QTypeList.Item(QTypeList.Count).QueryTypeID, _ Left(QTypeList.Item(QTypeList.Count).Description, 4) Next Row Set FetchAll = QTypeList End Property This is the output I get from the debug in FetchAll: 1 Numb 2 PBM 3 BPM 4 Bran 5 Claw 6 FA C 7 HNW 8 HNW 9 IFA 10 Manu 11 New 12 Non 13 Numb 14 Repo 15 Sell 16 Sms 17 SMS 18 SWPM This is the output I get from the debug in Test: 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM 18 SWPM Anyone got any ideas? I am probably totally overlooking something! Thanks, Martin

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  • How can I get 100% test coverage in a Perl module that uses DBI?

    - by BrianH
    I am a bit new to the Devel::Cover module, but have found it very useful in making sure I am not missing tests. A problem I am running into is understanding the report from Devel::Cover. I've looked at the documentation, but can't figure out what I need to test to get 100% coverage. Here is the output from the cover report: line err stmt bran cond sub pod time code ... 36 sub connect_database { 37 3 3 1 1126 my $self = shift; 38 3 100 24 if ( !$self->{dsn} ) { 39 1 7 croak 'dsn not supplied - cannot connect'; 40 } 41 *** 2 33 21 $self->{dbh} = DBI->connect( $self->{dsn}, q{}, q{} ) 42 || croak "$DBI::errstr"; 43 1 11 return $self; 44 } ... line err % l !l&&r !l&&!r expr ----- --- ------ ------ ------ ------ ---- 41 *** 33 1 0 0 'DBI'->connect($$self{'dsn'}, '', '') || croak("$DBI::errstr") And here is and example of my code that tests this specific line: my $database = MyModule::Database->new( { dsn => 'Invalid DSN' }); throws_ok( sub { $database->connect_database() }, qr/Can't connect to data source/, 'Test connection exception (invalid dsn)' ); This test passes - the connect does throw an error and fulfills my "throws_ok" test. I do have some tests that test for a successful connection, which is why I think I have 33% coverage, but if I'm reading it correctly, cover thinks I am not testing the "|| croak" part of the statement. I thought I was, with the "throws_ok" test, but obviously I am missing something. Does anyone have advice on how I can test my DBI-connect line successfully? Thanks!

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  • Why does Module::Build's testcover gives me "use of uninitialized value" warnings?

    - by Kurt W. Leucht
    I'm kinda new to Module::Build, so maybe I did something wrong. Am I the only one who gets warnings when I change my dispatch from "test" to "testcover"? Is there a bug in Devel::Cover? Is there a bug in Module::Build? I probably just did something wrong. I'm using ActiveState Perl v5.10.0 with Module::Build version 0.31012 and Devel::Cover 0.64 and Eclipse 3.4.1 with EPIC 0.6.34 for my IDE. UPDATE: I upgraded to Module::Build 0.34 and the warnings are still output. *UPDATE: Looks like a bug in B::Deparse. Hope it gets fixed someday.* Here's my unit test build file: use strict; use warnings; use Module::Build; my $build = Module::Build->resume ( properties => { config_dir => '_build', }, ); $build->dispatch('test'); When I run this unit test build file, I get the following output: t\MyLib1.......ok t\MyLib2.......ok t\MyLib3.......ok All tests successful. Files=3, Tests=24, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.00 cusr + 0.00 csys = 0.00 CPU) But when I change the dispatch line to 'testcover' I get the following output which always includes a bunch of "use of uninitialized value in bitwise and" warning messages: Deleting database D:/Documents and Settings/<username>/My Documents/<SNIP>/cover_db t\MyLib1.......ok Use of uninitialized value in bitwise and (&) at D:/Perl/lib/B/Deparse.pm line 4252. Use of uninitialized value in bitwise and (&) at D:/Perl/lib/B/Deparse.pm line 4252. t\MyLib2.......ok Use of uninitialized value in bitwise and (&) at D:/Perl/lib/B/Deparse.pm line 4252. Use of uninitialized value in bitwise and (&) at D:/Perl/lib/B/Deparse.pm line 4252. t\MyLib3.......ok Use of uninitialized value in bitwise and (&) at D:/Perl/lib/B/Deparse.pm line 4252. Use of uninitialized value in bitwise and (&) at D:/Perl/lib/B/Deparse.pm line 4252. All tests successful. Files=3, Tests=24, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.00 cusr + 0.00 csys = 0.00 CPU) Reading database from D:/Documents and Settings/<username>/My Documents/<SNIP>/cover_db ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ File stmt bran cond sub pod time total ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ .../lib/ActivePerl/Config.pm 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n/a 0.0 ...l/lib/ActiveState/Path.pm 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 n/a 4.8 <SNIP> blib/lib/<SNIP>/MyLib2.pm 100.0 90.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 0.0 98.5 blib/lib/<SNIP>/MyLib3.pm 100.0 90.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.6 98.0 Total 14.4 6.7 3.8 18.3 20.0 100.0 11.6 ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ Writing HTML output to D:/Documents and Settings/<username>/My Documents/<SNIP>/cover_db/coverage.html ... done.

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  • WCF- Large Data

    - by Pinu
    I have a WCF Web Service with basicHTTPBinding , the server side the transfer mode is streamedRequest as the client will be sending us large file in the form of memory stream. But on client side when i use transfer mode as streamedRequest its giving me a this errro "The remote server returned an error: (400) Bad Request" And when i look in to trace information , i see this as the error message Exception: There is a problem with the XML that was received from the network. See inner exception for more details. InnerException: The body of the message cannot be read because it is empty. I am able to send up to 5MB of data using trasfermode as buffered , but it will effect the performance of my web service in the long run , if there are many clients who are trying to access the service in buffered transfer mode. SmartConnect.Service1Client Serv = new SmartConnectClient.SmartConnect.Service1Client(); SmartConnect.OrderCertMailResponse OrderCert = new SmartConnectClient.SmartConnect.OrderCertMailResponse(); OrderCert.UserID = "abcd"; OrderCert.Password = "7a80f6623"; OrderCert.SoftwareKey = "90af1"; string applicationDirectory = @"\\inid\utty\Bran"; byte[] CertMail = File.ReadAllBytes(applicationDirectory + @"\5mb_test.zip"); MemoryStream str = new MemoryStream(CertMail); //OrderCert.Color = true; //OrderCert.Duplex = false; //OrderCert.FirstClass = true; //OrderCert.File = str; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress1 = "Test123"; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress2 = "Test123"; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress3 = "Test123"; //OrderCert.ReturnAddress4 = "Test123"; OrderCert.File = str; //string OrderNumber = ""; //string Password = OrderCert.Password; //int ReturnCode = 0; //string ReturnMessage = ""; //string SoftwareKey = OrderCert.SoftwareKey; //string UserID = OrderCert.UserID; //OrderCert.File = str; MemoryStream FileStr = str; Serv.OrderCertMail(OrderCert); // Serv.OrderCertMail(ref OrderNumber, ref Password, ref ReturnCode, ref ReturnMessage, ref SoftwareKey, ref UserID, ref FileStr ); lblON.Text = OrderCert.OrderNumber; Serv.Close(); // My Web Service - Service Contract [OperationContract] OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail(OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail); [MessageContract] public class OrderCertMailResponse { string userID = ""; string password = ""; string softwareID = ""; MemoryStream file = null; //MemoryStream str = null; [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string UserID { get { return userID; } set { userID = value; } } [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string Password { get { return password; } set { password = value; } } [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string SoftwareKey { get { return softwareID; } set { softwareID = value; } } [MessageBodyMember] // [DataMember] public MemoryStream File { get { return file; } set { file = value; } } [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public string ReturnMessage; [MessageHeader] //[DataMember] public int ReturnCode; [MessageHeader] public string OrderNumber; //// Control file fields //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress1; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress2; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress3; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public string ReturnAddress4; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public bool FirstClass; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public bool Color; //[MessageHeader] ////[DataMember] //public bool Duplex; } [ServiceBehavior(IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults = true)] public class Service1 : IService1 { public OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail(OrderCertMailResponse OrderCertMail) { OrderService CertOrder = new OrderService(); ClientUserInfo Info = new ClientUserInfo(); ControlFileInfo Control = new ControlFileInfo(); //Info.Password = "f2496623"; // hard coded password for development testing purposes //Info.SoftwareKey = "6dbb71"; // hard coded software key this is a developement software key //Info.UserName = "sdfs"; // hard coded UserID - for testing Info.UserName = OrderCertMail.UserID.ToString(); Info.Password = OrderCertMail.Password.ToString(); Info.SoftwareKey = OrderCertMail.SoftwareKey.ToString(); //Control.ReturnAddress1 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress1; //Control.ReturnAddress2 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress2; //Control.ReturnAddress3 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress3; //Control.ReturnAddress4 = OrderCertMail.ReturnAddress4; //Control.CertMailFirstClass = OrderCertMail.FirstClass; //Control.CertMailColor = OrderCertMail.Color; //Control.CertMailDuplex = OrderCertMail.Duplex; //byte[] CertFile = new byte[0]; //byte[] CertFile = null; //string applicationDirectory = @"\\intrepid\utility\Bryan"; // byte[] CertMailFile = File.ReadAllBytes(applicationDirectory + @"\3mb_test.zip"); //MemoryStream str = new MemoryStream(CertMailFile); OrderCertMailResponseClass OrderCertResponse = CertOrder.OrderCertmail(Info,Control,OrderCertMail.File); OrderCertMail.ReturnMessage = OrderCertResponse.ReturnMessage.ToString(); OrderCertMail.ReturnCode = Convert.ToInt32(OrderCertResponse.ReturnCode.ToString()); OrderCertMail.OrderNumber = OrderCertResponse.OrderNumber; return OrderCertMail; }

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  • undefined reference to function, despite giving reference in c

    - by Jamie Edwards
    I'm following a tutorial, but when it comes to compiling and linking the code I get the following error: /tmp/cc8gRrVZ.o: In function `main': main.c:(.text+0xa): undefined reference to `monitor_clear' main.c:(.text+0x16): undefined reference to `monitor_write' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [obj/main.o] Error 1 What that is telling me is that I haven't defined both 'monitor_clear' and 'monitor_write'. But I have, in both the header and source files. They are as follows: monitor.c: // monitor.c -- Defines functions for writing to the monitor. // heavily based on Bran's kernel development tutorials, // but rewritten for JamesM's kernel tutorials. #include "monitor.h" // The VGA framebuffer starts at 0xB8000. u16int *video_memory = (u16int *)0xB8000; // Stores the cursor position. u8int cursor_x = 0; u8int cursor_y = 0; // Updates the hardware cursor. static void move_cursor() { // The screen is 80 characters wide... u16int cursorLocation = cursor_y * 80 + cursor_x; outb(0x3D4, 14); // Tell the VGA board we are setting the high cursor byte. outb(0x3D5, cursorLocation >> 8); // Send the high cursor byte. outb(0x3D4, 15); // Tell the VGA board we are setting the low cursor byte. outb(0x3D5, cursorLocation); // Send the low cursor byte. } // Scrolls the text on the screen up by one line. static void scroll() { // Get a space character with the default colour attributes. u8int attributeByte = (0 /*black*/ << 4) | (15 /*white*/ & 0x0F); u16int blank = 0x20 /* space */ | (attributeByte << 8); // Row 25 is the end, this means we need to scroll up if(cursor_y >= 25) { // Move the current text chunk that makes up the screen // back in the buffer by a line int i; for (i = 0*80; i < 24*80; i++) { video_memory[i] = video_memory[i+80]; } // The last line should now be blank. Do this by writing // 80 spaces to it. for (i = 24*80; i < 25*80; i++) { video_memory[i] = blank; } // The cursor should now be on the last line. cursor_y = 24; } } // Writes a single character out to the screen. void monitor_put(char c) { // The background colour is black (0), the foreground is white (15). u8int backColour = 0; u8int foreColour = 15; // The attribute byte is made up of two nibbles - the lower being the // foreground colour, and the upper the background colour. u8int attributeByte = (backColour << 4) | (foreColour & 0x0F); // The attribute byte is the top 8 bits of the word we have to send to the // VGA board. u16int attribute = attributeByte << 8; u16int *location; // Handle a backspace, by moving the cursor back one space if (c == 0x08 && cursor_x) { cursor_x--; } // Handle a tab by increasing the cursor's X, but only to a point // where it is divisible by 8. else if (c == 0x09) { cursor_x = (cursor_x+8) & ~(8-1); } // Handle carriage return else if (c == '\r') { cursor_x = 0; } // Handle newline by moving cursor back to left and increasing the row else if (c == '\n') { cursor_x = 0; cursor_y++; } // Handle any other printable character. else if(c >= ' ') { location = video_memory + (cursor_y*80 + cursor_x); *location = c | attribute; cursor_x++; } // Check if we need to insert a new line because we have reached the end // of the screen. if (cursor_x >= 80) { cursor_x = 0; cursor_y ++; } // Scroll the screen if needed. scroll(); // Move the hardware cursor. move_cursor(); } // Clears the screen, by copying lots of spaces to the framebuffer. void monitor_clear() { // Make an attribute byte for the default colours u8int attributeByte = (0 /*black*/ << 4) | (15 /*white*/ & 0x0F); u16int blank = 0x20 /* space */ | (attributeByte << 8); int i; for (i = 0; i < 80*25; i++) { video_memory[i] = blank; } // Move the hardware cursor back to the start. cursor_x = 0; cursor_y = 0; move_cursor(); } // Outputs a null-terminated ASCII string to the monitor. void monitor_write(char *c) { int i = 0; while (c[i]) { monitor_put(c[i++]); } } void monitor_write_hex(u32int n) { s32int tmp; monitor_write("0x"); char noZeroes = 1; int i; for (i = 28; i > 0; i -= 4) { tmp = (n >> i) & 0xF; if (tmp == 0 && noZeroes != 0) { continue; } if (tmp >= 0xA) { noZeroes = 0; monitor_put (tmp-0xA+'a' ); } else { noZeroes = 0; monitor_put( tmp+'0' ); } } tmp = n & 0xF; if (tmp >= 0xA) { monitor_put (tmp-0xA+'a'); } else { monitor_put (tmp+'0'); } } void monitor_write_dec(u32int n) { if (n == 0) { monitor_put('0'); return; } s32int acc = n; char c[32]; int i = 0; while (acc > 0) { c[i] = '0' + acc%10; acc /= 10; i++; } c[i] = 0; char c2[32]; c2[i--] = 0; int j = 0; while(i >= 0) { c2[i--] = c[j++]; } monitor_write(c2); } monitor.h: // monitor.h -- Defines the interface for monitor.h // From JamesM's kernel development tutorials. #ifndef MONITOR_H #define MONITOR_H #include "common.h" // Write a single character out to the screen. void monitor_put(char c); // Clear the screen to all black. void monitor_clear(); // Output a null-terminated ASCII string to the monitor. void monitor_write(char *c); #endif // MONITOR_H common.c: // common.c -- Defines some global functions. // From JamesM's kernel development tutorials. #include "common.h" // Write a byte out to the specified port. void outb ( u16int port, u8int value ) { asm volatile ( "outb %1, %0" : : "dN" ( port ), "a" ( value ) ); } u8int inb ( u16int port ) { u8int ret; asm volatile ( "inb %1, %0" : "=a" ( ret ) : "dN" ( port ) ); return ret; } u16int inw ( u16int port ) { u16int ret; asm volatile ( "inw %1, %0" : "=a" ( ret ) : "dN" ( port ) ); return ret; } // Copy len bytes from src to dest. void memcpy(u8int *dest, const u8int *src, u32int len) { const u8int *sp = ( const u8int * ) src; u8int *dp = ( u8int * ) dest; for ( ; len != 0; len-- ) *dp++ =*sp++; } // Write len copies of val into dest. void memset(u8int *dest, u8int val, u32int len) { u8int *temp = ( u8int * ) dest; for ( ; len != 0; len-- ) *temp++ = val; } // Compare two strings. Should return -1 if // str1 < str2, 0 if they are equal or 1 otherwise. int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2) { int i = 0; int failed = 0; while ( str1[i] != '\0' && str2[i] != '\0' ) { if ( str1[i] != str2[i] ) { failed = 1; break; } i++; } // Why did the loop exit? if ( ( str1[i] == '\0' && str2[i] != '\0' || (str1[i] != '\0' && str2[i] =='\0' ) ) failed =1; return failed; } // Copy the NULL-terminated string src into dest, and // return dest. char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src) { do { *dest++ = *src++; } while ( *src != 0 ); } // Concatenate the NULL-terminated string src onto // the end of dest, and return dest. char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src) { while ( *dest != 0 ) { *dest = *dest++; } do { *dest++ = *src++; } while ( *src != 0 ); return dest; } common.h: // common.h -- Defines typedefs and some global functions. // From JamesM's kernel development tutorials. #ifndef COMMON_H #define COMMON_H // Some nice typedefs, to standardise sizes across platforms. // These typedefs are written for 32-bit x86. typedef unsigned int u32int; typedef int s32int; typedef unsigned short u16int; typedef short s16int; typedef unsigned char u8int; typedef char s8int; void outb ( u16int port, u8int value ); u8int inb ( u16int port ); u16int inw ( u16int port ); #endif //COMMON_H main.c: // main.c -- Defines the C-code kernel entry point, calls initialisation routines. // Made for JamesM's tutorials <www.jamesmolloy.co.uk> #include "monitor.h" int main(struct multiboot *mboot_ptr) { monitor_clear(); monitor_write ( "hello, world!" ); return 0; } here is my makefile: C_SOURCES= main.c monitor.c common.c S_SOURCES= boot.s C_OBJECTS=$(patsubst %.c, obj/%.o, $(C_SOURCES)) S_OBJECTS=$(patsubst %.s, obj/%.o, $(S_SOURCES)) CFLAGS=-nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-builtin -fno-stack-protector -m32 -Iheaders LDFLAGS=-Tlink.ld -melf_i386 --oformat=elf32-i386 ASFLAGS=-felf all: kern/kernel .PHONY: clean clean: -rm -f kern/kernel kern/kernel: $(S_OBJECTS) $(C_OBJECTS) ld $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(C_OBJECTS): obj/%.o : %.c gcc $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ vpath %.c source $(S_OBJECTS): obj/%.o : %.s nasm $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@ vpath %.s asem Hopefully this will help you understand what is going wrong and how to fix it :L Thanks in advance. Jamie.

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