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• Forking a GPL dual licensed software with business owned copyrights

  - by Eric

  After receiving some threats of the copyrights holder of a dual licensed software(GPL2 and commercial) to buy the commercial version for projects in production, I am thinking to make a fork. In a case of GPL2 and commercially dual licensed with business owned copyrights software, is forking the GPL2 version an option? Also, is forking a good way to deal with such cases? Background information The software is a web CMS released under 2 versions a GPL2 free open source edition and a commercial edition including technical support and extra functionality. The problem is that now, basing their argumentation on the "distribution" definition of the GPL2, the company holding the copyrights argue that delivering the software and some extensions to a client is considered as a "distribution". And that such a "distribution" falls under the GPL2 obligation to release the custom made extension code. Custom made extensions are mainly designs, templates and very specific functionality. Basically they give me 3 choices: Buying the commercial licensed edition for projects based on the GPL in production, Deleting all the projects in production based on GPL2 version, Releasing all the extensions as GPL2 code. The first 2 options are nothing realistic for finished projects. The third option could be fine, but as most of the extensions are very specific, cleaning the code to make it usable by other users means lot of works and also I am not sure the clients will appreciate to have their website designs and specific functionality released publicly. The copyrights holding company even contacted some clients directly, giving them the "choice". I know that this is a very corporate interpretation of GPL2, and a such action is nothing close to legal, but as an independent developer, I don't want to take the risk to get involved in some long and tiring legal procedures. PS. This question was first asked on Stack Overflow where it felt out of the scope and closed, after reading the present site FAQ, discussing about software licensing seems fine.

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• Forking an open source project using Git

  - by Cromulent

  There is an open source project that I want to fork for my own reasons. It currently has a Git mirror of its main SVN repository which I can use. What are the best techniques for forking a project whilst still maintaining the ability to merge future changes from the original project into your own forked repository using Git? Please note I will not be using Github at all for development so using any features from that is out of the question. The project will be hosted on a private VPS.

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• Forking project on Github process

  - by Mike Wills

  There is a project on Github that I mostly like and want to use. There are a few things I want to do differently/remove that doesn't make sense for what I want/need. Also I want to add a few things as well. As I understand it, I should fork the project and I can make whatever changes I want and push back to my fork. From there, I also want to occasionally pull into my fork the changes from the original project so I get the latest bug fixes/features. Am I off-base of how I think it should work? How would bring in the changes from the original project?

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• Forking project on Github etiquette

  - by Mike Wills

  There is a project on Github that I mostly like and want to use. There are a few things I want to do differently/remove that doesn't make sense for what I want/need. Also I want to add a few things as well. As I understand it, I should fork the project and I can make whatever changes I want and push back to my fork. From there, I also want to occasionally pull into my fork the changes from the original project so I get the latest bug fixes/features. Am I off-base of how I think it should work? How would bring in the changes from the original project?

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• Forking a repo on GitHub but allowing new issues on the fork

  - by Tom Swirly

  I have previously forked other people's repos on GitHub, and I have noticed that issues stay with the original repo, and that I can't file issues on the forked repo. I now have the following task. I am working for a small business where development was being done by one of the principals on his personal account. He has amicably left the project, and we would like to migrate that project away from his personal account to a new "role" account on GitHub. I would naturally fork the repo, in order to preserve the code history, but then I'll end up with a repo where we can't file new issues, which is quite undesirable. How can I make a copy of this original repo into our new account, ideally still preserving code history, but be able to file new issues within this new account?

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• What are the legal considerations when forking a BSD-licensed project?

  - by Thomas Owens

  I'm interested in forking a project released under a two-clause BSD license: Copyright (c) 2010 {copyright holder} All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: (1) Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the disclaimer at the end. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. (2) Neither the name of {copyright holder} nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. DISCLAIMER THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. I've never forked a project before, but this project is very similar to something that I need/want. However, I'm not sure how far I'll get, so my plan is to pull the latest from their repository and start working. Maybe, eventually, I'll get it to where I want it, and be able to release it. Is this the right approach? How, exactly, does this impact forking of the project? How do I track who owns what components or sections (what's copyright me, what's copyright the original creators, once I start stomping over their code base)? Can I fork this project? What must I do prior to releasing, and when/if I decide to release the software derived from this BSD-licensed work?

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• iPhone programming - problem with CoreFoundation forking

  - by Tom

  Hello all, I've been working on an iPhone for several months. It's a 2d shooting game akin to the old Smash TV type games. I'm doing everything alone and it has come out well so far, but now I am getting unpredictable crashes which seem to be related to CoreFoundation forking and not exec()ing, as the message __THE_PROCESS_HAS_FORKED_AND_YOU_CANNOT_USE_THIS_COREFOUNDATION_FUNCTIONA LITY___YOU_MUST_EXEC__ always shows up somewhere in the debugger. Usually it shows up around a CFRunLoopRunSpecific and is related to either a timer firing or _InitializeTouchTapCount. I cannot figure out exactly what is causing the fork to occur. My main game loop is running on a timer, first updating all the logic and then drawing everything with openGL. There is nothing highly complex or unusual. I understand you cannot make CF calls on the childside of a fork, or access shared memory and things like that. I am not explicitly trying to fork anything. My question is: can anyone tell me what type of activity might cause CoreFoundation to randomly fork like this? I'd really like to finish this game and I don't know how to solve this problem. Thanks for any help.

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• Ruby and Forking

  - by Cory

  Quick question about Ruby forking - I ran across a bit of forking code in Resque earlier that was sexy as hell but tripped me up for a few. I'm hoping for someone to give me a little more detail about what's going on here. Specifically - it would appear that forking spawns a child (expected) and kicks it straight into the 'else' side of my condition (less expected. Is that expected behavior? A Ruby idiom? My IRB hack here: def fork return true if @cant_fork begin if Kernel.respond_to?(:fork) Kernel.fork else raise NotImplementedError end rescue NotImplementedError @cant_fork = true nil end end def do_something puts "Starting do_something" if foo = fork puts "we are forking from #{Process.pid}" Process.wait else puts "no need to fork, let's get to work: #{Process.pid} under #{Process.ppid}" puts "doing it" end end do_something

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• iPhone programming - problem with CoreFoundation forking, PLEASE for the love of god help! lol

  - by Tom

  Hello all, I've been working on an iPhone for several months. It's a 2d shooting game akin to the old Smash TV type games. I'm doing everything alone and it has come out well so far, but now I am getting unpredictable crashes which seem to be related to CoreFoundation forking and not exec()ing, as the message THE_PROCESS_HAS_FORKED_AND_YOU_CANNOT_USE_THIS_COREFOUNDATION_FUNCTIONA LITY_YOU_MUST_EXEC__ always shows up somewhere in the debugger. Usually it shows up around a CFRunLoopRunSpecific and is related to either a timer firing or _InitializeTouchTapCount. I cannot figure out exactly what is causing the fork to occur. My main game loop is running on a timer, first updating all the logic and then drawing everything with openGL. There is nothing highly complex or unusual. I understand you cannot make CF calls on the childside of a fork, or access shared memory and things like that. I am not explicitly trying to fork anything. My question is: can anyone tell me what type of activity might cause CoreFoundation to randomly fork like this? I'd really like to finish this game and I don't know how to solve this problem. Thanks for any help.

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• Github Organization Repositories, Issues, Multiple Developers, and Forking - Best Workflow Practices

  - by Jim Rubenstein

  A weird title, yes, but I've got a bit of ground to cover I think. We have an organization account on github with private repositories. We want to use github's native issues/pull-requests features (pull requests are basically exactly what we want as far as code reviews and feature discussions). We found the tool hub by defunkt which has a cool little feature of being able to convert an existing issue to a pull request, and automatically associate your current branch with it. I'm wondering if it is best practice to have each developer in the organization fork the organization's repository to do their feature work/bug fixes/etc. This seems like a pretty solid work flow (as, it's basically what every open source project on github does) but we want to be sure that we can track issues and pull requests from ONE source, the organization's repository. So I have a few questions: Is a fork-per-developer approach appropriate in this case? It seems like it could be a little overkill. I'm not sure that we need a fork for every developer, unless we introduce developers who don't have direct push access and need all their code reviewed. In which case, we would want to institute a policy like that, for those developers only. So, which is better? All developers in a single repository, or a fork for everyone? Does anyone have experience with the hub tool, specifically the pull-request feature? If we do a fork-per-developer (or even for less-privileged devs) will the pull-request feature of hub operate on the pull requests from the upstream master repository (the organization's repository?) or does it have different behavior? EDIT I did some testing with issues, forks, and pull requests and found that. If you create an issue on your organization's repository, then fork the repository from your organization to your own github account, do some changes, merge to your fork's master branch. When you try to run hub -i <issue #> you get an error, User is not authorized to modify the issue. So, apparently that work flow won't work.

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• The viability of open source forking

  <b>InfoWorld:</b> "Source code availability is a central factor in establishing trust in the open source community, as knowledge that the source is available can often allay fears about the future of a particular open source project or product. And yet, this trust can often be overstated."

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• Why fork a library for your own application?

  - by Mr. Shickadance

  Why should a programmer ever fork a library for inclusion in a widely used application? I ask this question because I was reading an article about why Chromium isn't packaged for many Linux distros like Fedora. Apparently its largely due to the fact that Google has forked a number of libraries, modified them, and included them in Chromium. This has driven up the complexity of packaging releases. There are a number of reasons why this can be a bad thing, but how strong a case can you actually make for doing so in a large widely used application such as Chromium? The original article: http://ostatic.com/blog/making-projects-easier-to-package-why-chromium-isnt-in-fedora Isn't it usually worth the effort to make slight modifications to your own program in order to use a popular and well developed library?

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• Fork dead SVN based project on GitHub

  - by Quinn Bailey

  I previously asked this at stack overflow but it was closed, I believe because 'programmers' is a more appropriate venue for this question. I have done some work on the SVN Importer project (Apache license), which appears to be effectively dead (no published changes in 5 years). I have a login to their svn server but do not have commit rights. At any rate, I'd like to convert this project to Git and push my own changes to GitHub. The GitHub site suggests the svn2git tool for converting svn projects to Git, so I was planning to convert the SVN repository to Git, add my changes, and then push this Git repository to GitHub. I'm wondering, what are the legal requirements and common conventions of this process? Is it acceptable to clone the entire history of the project and move it to GitHub? Also, even though this is essentially a dead project, once I've translated the repository to Git should I put all of my commits onto a non master branch or is it acceptable to use master in this case?

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• What is considered to be a "modification" of sources under the BSD license?

  - by Den

  I have a question about the 3-clause BSD license based on it's Wiki description. It states: Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: ... What is understood by "modification"? Specifically I am interested whether any/all of the following is considered as such modification: 1) reading the original sources and then re-implementing; 2) reading the original sources, waiting for a year and then re-implementing something based on whatever you could remember; 3) direct and very significant "complete" refactoring of the original sources.

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• How to avoid being forked into oblivion by a more powerful contributor?

  - by Den

  As recently reported here: Xamarin has forked Cocos2D-XNA, a 2D/3D game development framework, creating a cross-platform library that can be included in PCL projects. However the founder of the project that was forked says: The purpose of the MIT license is to unencumber your fair use. Not to encourage you to take software, rebrand it as your own, and then "take it in a new direction" as you say. While not illegal, it is unethical. It seems that the GitHub page of the new project doesn't even indicate that it's a fork in a typical GitHub manner, opting for an easily-removable History section instead (see bottom). So my questions are: Was Xamarin's action and the way the action was done ethical or not? Is it possible to avoid such a situation if you are a single developer or a small unfunded group of developers? I am hoping this could be either a wiki question or there will be some objective answers grounded on modern OSS ethics/philosophy.

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• Are forks are treated differently by GitHub?

  - by IQAndreas

  I found that GitHub does not allow you to use the "search" feature on forks (issues are still searchable, just not code). [screenshot] Are there any other cases where forks are treated as "inferior" or at least differently by GitHub? For instance, (assuming you haven't created a website specific to your fork), will forks still show up in Google search results, or will GitHub only provide results for the parent repository?

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• Gerrit code review, or Github's fork and pull model?

  - by user1366476

  I am starting a software project that will be team AND community developed. I was previously sold on gerrit, but now github's fork and pull request model seem to almost provide more tools, ways to visualize commits, and ease of use. For someone who has at least a little experience with both, what are the pros/cons of each, and which would be better for a team based project which wants to leave open the possibility for community development?

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• Should I fork for a major re-write that uses a small amount of the original code?

  - by It'sNotALie.

  I'm writing a library. It's a completely rewritten version of another one, to suit my needs (PCL compatibility, mainly). However, the API will be completely rewritten, as I'll need to change a lot of stuff around for PCL compliance. Also, as it is a rewrite, I won't be able to just start from the library and just change it bit by bit, as I typically see with forks. I tried that, but it just didn't work. So what should I do? Should I fork here or should I make a new library?

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• PHP forking and mysql database connection problem

  - by user298819

  I am now trying to do forking in php. I would like to do some query and update in child process.. the problem is that whenever a child process finish, it close the connection which makes the other queries fail. The following is my sample code!! #!/usr/local/bin/php <?php set_time_limit(0); # forever program! $db = mysql_connect("server","user","pwd"); mysql_select_db("schema",$db); $sql = "query"; $res = mysql_query($sql,$db); while($rows = mysql_fetch_array($res)) { $rv = pcntl_fork(); if($rv == -1){ echo "forking failed"; }elseif($rv){ echo "parent process $rv\n"; $db = mysql_connect("192.168.8.112","zwmuser","zwmuser",true); mysql_select_db("schema",$db); }else{ echo "child process $rv\n"; $sql1 = "another query"; $res1 = mysql_query($sql1,$db); while($messages = mysql_fetch_array($res1)) { $sql2 = "update query"; mysql_query($sql2,$db); } exit(0); //it terminates both child process and mysql connection! } } ?>

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• Nginx request forking

  - by Adam

  Hi, I'm wondering if nginx can "fork" a request. Let's imagine config: upstream backend { server localhost:8080; ... more servers here } server { location /myloc { FORK-REQUEST http://my-other-url:3135/something proxy_pass http://backend; } } I would like nginx to send a copy of request to the url specified by FORK-REQUEST and after that to load balance it with backend servers and return the response to the client. As I don't need the response from FORK-REQUEST it would be best if this request was async so normal prcessing doesn't have to wait. Is a scenario like this possible?

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• Faster forking of large processes on Linux ?

  - by timday

  What's the fastest, best way on modern Linux of achieving the same effect as a fork-execve combo from a large process ? My problem is that the process forking is ~500MByte big, and a simple benchmarking test achieves only about 50 forks/s from the process (c.f ~1600 forks/s from a minimally sized process) which is too slow for the intended application. Some googling turns up vfork as having being invented as the solution to this problem... but also warnings about not to use it. Modern Linux seems to have acquired related clone and posix_spawn calls; are these likely to help ? What's the modern replacement for vfork ? I'm using 64bit Debian Lenny on an i7 (the project could move to Squeeze if posix_spawn would help).

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• Resque: Slow worker startup and Forking

  - by David John

  I'm currently moving my application from a Linode setup to EC2. Redis is currently installed on a remote instance with various worker instances interacting with the queue. Thats all going fantastic. My problem is with the amount of time it takes for a worker to be 'instantiated' and slow forking. Starting a worker will usually take between 30 seconds and a minute(from god.rb starting the worker rake task and the worker actively starting work on the queue). I could live with that, but I've not experienced such a wait time on my current Linode production box so I believe its one of my symptoms to a bigger problem. Next issue is that jobs that took a second or less in my previous environment now seem to take about 5 to 10 times longer.. I'm assuming this must be some sort of issue with my Ubuntu install on EC2? One notable difference is that I'm running REE 1.8.7-2010.01 in my new setup, and REE 1.8.6 on the old Linode boxes. Anyone else experienced these issues?

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• Websockify to wrap a forking server

  - by Gurjeet Singh

  I came across Websockify [1] and the accompanying Websock client-side javascript library. AIUI from the Wrap a Programsection in README, Websockify can help you launch a TCP server and rebind its port so that incoming Websockets-based communication is parsed and forwarded to the server on the proper (rebinded) port. My question is, can this mechanism be used to wrap a server that forks its children which in turn communicate with the client on a different port. Specifically, I am interested in websockifying a Postgres server, which typically listens on port 5432 and for a new incoming connection it forks a child which serves all future request from that client. (If it helps, Oracle RDBMS and many other servers, RDBMS or not, also use similar method.) [1] https://github.com/kanaka/websockify

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• Forking with Pipes

  - by Luke

  Hello I have tried to do fork() and piping in main and it works perfectly fine but when I try to implement it in a function for some reason I don't get any output, this is my code: void cmd(int **pipefd,int count,int type, int last); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int pipefd[3][2]; int i, total_cmds = 3,count = 0; int in = 1; for(i = 0; i < total_cmds;i++){ pipe(pipefd[count++]); cmd(pipefd,count,i,0); } /*Last Command*/ cmd(pipefd,count,i,1); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } void cmd(int **pipefd,int count,int type, int last){ int child_pid,i,i2; if ((child_pid = fork()) == 0) { if(count == 1){ dup2(pipefd[count-1][1],1); /*first command*/ } else if(last!=0){ dup2(pipefd[count - 2][0],0); /*middle commands*/ dup2(pipefd[count - 1][1],1); } else if(last == 1){ dup2(pipefd[count - 1][0],0); /*last command*/ } for(i = 0; i < count;i++){/*close pipes*/ for(i2 = 0; i2 < 2;i2++){ close(pipefd[i][i2]); }} if(type == 0){ execlp("ls","ls","-al",NULL); } else if(type == 1){ execlp("grep","grep",".bak",NULL); } else if(type==2){ execl("/usr/bin/wc","wc",NULL); } else if(type ==3){ execl("/usr/bin/wc","wc","-l",NULL); } perror("exec"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } else if (child_pid < 0) { perror("fork"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } } I checked the file descriptors and it is opening the right ones, not sure what the problem could be..

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• Forking in PHP on Windows

  - by Doug Kavendek

  We are running PHP on a Windows server (a source of many problems indeed, but migrating is not an option currently). There are a few points where a user-initiated action will need to kick off a few things that take a while and about which the user doesn't need to know if they succeed or fail, such as sending off an email or making sure some third-party accounts are updated. If I could just fork with pcntl_fork(), this would be very simple, but the PCNTL functions are not available in Windows. It seems the closest I can get is to do something of this nature: exec( 'php-cgi.exe somescript.php' ); However, this would be far more complicated. The actions I need to kick off rely on a lot of context that already will exist in the running process; to use the above example, I'd need to figure out the essential data and supply it to the new script in some way. If I could fork, it'd just be a matter of letting the parent process return early, leaving the child to work on a few more things. I've found a few people talking about their own work in getting various PCNTL functions compiled on Windows, but none seemed to have anything available (broken links, etc). Despite this question having practically the same name as mine, it seems the problem was more execution timeout than needing to fork. So, is my best option to just refactor a bit to deal with calling php-cgi, or are there other options? Edit: It seems exec() won't work for this, at least not without me figuring some other aspect of it, as it waits until the call returns. I figured I could use START, sort of like exec( 'start php-cgi.exe somescript.php' );, but it still waits until the other script finishes.

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