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• Know more about Cache Buffer Handle

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ??????«latch free:cache buffer handles???SQL????»?????cache buffer handle latch?????,?????????: “?????pin?buffer header???????buffer handle,??buffer handle?????????cache buffer handles?,??????cache buffer handles??????,???????cache???buffer handles,?????(reserved set)?????????????_db_handles_cached(???5)???,?????????????????SQL??????????????????????,????pin??????,????????handle,?????????5?cached buffer handles???handle????????????????,Oracle?????????????????pin?”????“?buffer,????????????????handle???db_block_buffers/processes,????_cursor_db_buffers_pinned???????cache buffer handles?????,??????,????????????SQL,????cache?buffer handles?????????,??????????????,???????????/?????” ????T.ASKMACLEAN.COM????,??????cache Buffer handle?????: cache buffer handle ??: ------------------------------ | Buffer state object | ------------------------------ | Place to hang the buffer | ------------------------------ | Consistent Get? | ------------------------------ | Proc Owning SO | ------------------------------ | Flags(RIR) | ------------------------------ ???? cache buffer handle SO: 70000046fdfe530, type: 24, owner: 70000041b018630, flag: INIT/-/-/0×00(buffer) (CR) PR: 70000048e92d148 FLG: 0×500000lock rls: 0, class bit: 0kcbbfbp: [BH: 7000001c7f069b0, LINK: 70000046fdfe570]where: kdswh02: kdsgrp, why: 0BH (7000001c7f069b0) file#: 12 rdba: 0×03061612 (12/398866) class: 1 ba: 7000001c70ee000set: 75 blksize: 8192 bsi: 0 set-flg: 0 pwbcnt: 0dbwrid: 2 obj: 66209 objn: 48710 tsn: 6 afn: 12hash: [700000485f12138,700000485f12138] lru: [70000025af67790,700000132f69ee0]lru-flags: hot_bufferckptq: [NULL] fileq: [NULL] objq: [700000114f5dd10,70000028bf5d620]use: [70000046fdfe570,70000046fdfe570] wait: [NULL]st: SCURRENT md: SHR tch: 0flags: affinity_lockLRBA: [0x0.0.0] HSCN: [0xffff.ffffffff] HSUB: [65535]where: kdswh02: kdsgrp, why: 0 # Example:#   (buffer) (CR) PR: 37290 FLG:    0#   kcbbfbp    : [BH: befd8, LINK: 7836c] (WAITING) Buffer handle (X$KCBBF) kernel cache, buffer buffer_handles Query x$kcbbf  – lists all the buffer handles ???? _db_handles             System-wide simultaneous buffer operations ,no of buffer handles_db_handles_cached      Buffer handles cached each process , no of processes  default 5_cursor_db_buffers_pinned  additional number of buffers a cursor can pin at once_session_kept_cursor_pins       Number of cursors pins to keep in a session When a buffer is pinned it is attached to buffer state object. ??? ???????? cache buffer handles latch ? buffer pin???: SESSION A : SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER ---------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production CORE    10.2.0.5.0      Production TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production SQL> create table test_cbc_handle(t1 int); Table created. SQL> insert into test_cbc_handle values(1); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> select rowid from test_cbc_handle; ROWID ------------------ AAANO6AABAAAQZSAAA SQL> select * from test_cbc_handle where rowid='AAANO6AABAAAQZSAAA';         T1 ----------          1 SQL> select addr,name from v$latch_parent where name='cache buffer handles'; ADDR             NAME ---------------- -------------------------------------------------- 00000000600140A8 cache buffer handles SQL> select to_number('00000000600140A8','xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual; TO_NUMBER('00000000600140A8','XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX') ----------------------------------------------------                                           1610694824 ??cache buffer handles????parent latch ??? child latch ???SESSION A hold ??????cache buffer handles parent latch ???? oradebug call kslgetl ??, kslgetl?oracle??get latch??? SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug call kslgetl 1610694824 1; Function returned 1 ?????SESSION B ???: SQL> select * from v$latchholder;        PID        SID LADDR            NAME                                                                   GETS ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------         15        141 00000000600140A8 cache buffer handles                                                    119 cache buffer handles latch ???session A hold??,????????acquire cache buffer handle latch SQL> select * from test_cbc_handle where rowid='AAANO6AABAAAQZSAAA';         T1 ----------          1 ?????Server Process?????? read buffer, ????????"_db_handles_cached", ??process?cache 5? cache buffer handle ??"_db_handles_cached"=0,?process????5????cache buffer handle , ???? process ???pin buffer,???hold cache buffer handle latch??????cache buffer handle SQL> alter system set "_db_handles_cached"=0 scope=spfile; System altered. ????? shutdown immediate; startup; session A: SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug call kslgetl 1610694824 1; Function returned 1 session B: select * from test_cbc_handle where rowid='AAANO6AABAAAQZSAAA'; session B hang!! WHY? SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump systemstate 266; Statement processed.   SO: 0x11b30b7b0, type: 2, owner: (nil), flag: INIT/-/-/0x00   (process) Oracle pid=22, calls cur/top: (nil)/0x11b453c38, flag: (0) -             int error: 0, call error: 0, sess error: 0, txn error 0   (post info) last post received: 0 0 0               last post received-location: No post               last process to post me: none               last post sent: 0 0 0               last post sent-location: No post               last process posted by me: none     (latch info) wait_event=0 bits=8       holding    (efd=4) 600140a8 cache buffer handles level=3   SO: 0x11b305810, type: 2, owner: (nil), flag: INIT/-/-/0x00   (process) Oracle pid=10, calls cur/top: 0x11b455ac0/0x11b450a58, flag: (0) -             int error: 0, call error: 0, sess error: 0, txn error 0   (post info) last post received: 0 0 0               last post received-location: No post               last process to post me: none               last post sent: 0 0 0               last post sent-location: No post               last process posted by me: none     (latch info) wait_event=0 bits=2         Location from where call was made: kcbzgs:       waiting for 600140a8 cache buffer handles level=3 FBD93353:000019F0    10   162 10005   1 KSL WAIT BEG [latch: cache buffer handles] 1610694824/0x600140a8 125/0x7d 0/0x0 FF936584:00002761    10   144 10005   1 KSL WAIT BEG [latch: cache buffer handles] 1610694824/0x600140a8 125/0x7d 0/0x0 PID=22 holding ??cache buffer handles latch PID=10 ?? cache buffer handles latch, ????"_db_handles_cached"=0 ?? process??????cache buffer handles ??systemstate???? kcbbfbp cache buffer handle??, ?? "_db_handles_cached"=0 ? cache buffer handles latch?hold ?? ????cache buffer handles latch , ??? buffer?pin?????????? session A exit session B: SQL> select * from v$latchholder; no rows selected SQL> insert into test_cbc_handle values(2); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> SQL> select t1,rowid from test_cbc_handle;         T1 ROWID ---------- ------------------          1 AAANPAAABAAAQZSAAA          2 AAANPAAABAAAQZSAAB SQL> select spid,pid from v$process where addr = ( select paddr from v$session where sid=(select distinct sid from v$mystat)); SPID                PID ------------ ---------- 19251                10 ? GDB ? SPID=19215 ?debug , ?? kcbrls ????breakpoint ??? ????release buffer [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ gdb $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle 19251 GNU gdb (GDB) Red Hat Enterprise Linux (7.0.1-37.el5) Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu". For bug reporting instructions, please see: <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>... Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/bin/oracle...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Attaching to program: /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/bin/oracle, process 19251 Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libskgxp10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libskgxp10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libhasgen10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libhasgen10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libskgxn2.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libskgxn2.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libocr10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libocr10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libocrb10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libocrb10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libocrutl10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libocrutl10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libjox10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libjox10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libclsra10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libclsra10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libdbcfg10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libdbcfg10.so Reading symbols from /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libnnz10.so...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0.5/db_1/lib/libnnz10.so Reading symbols from /usr/lib64/libaio.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /usr/lib64/libaio.so.1 Reading symbols from /lib64/libdl.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /lib64/libdl.so.2 Reading symbols from /lib64/libm.so.6...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /lib64/libm.so.6 Reading symbols from /lib64/libpthread.so.0...(no debugging symbols found)...done. [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Loaded symbols for /lib64/libpthread.so.0 Reading symbols from /lib64/libnsl.so.1...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /lib64/libnsl.so.1 Reading symbols from /lib64/libc.so.6...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /lib64/libc.so.6 Reading symbols from /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 Reading symbols from /lib64/libnss_files.so.2...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Loaded symbols for /lib64/libnss_files.so.2 0x00000035c000d940 in __read_nocancel () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (gdb) break kcbrls Breakpoint 1 at 0x10e5d24 session B: select * from test_cbc_handle where rowid='AAANPAAABAAAQZSAAA'; select hang !! GDB (gdb) c Continuing. Breakpoint 1, 0x00000000010e5d24 in kcbrls () (gdb) bt #0  0x00000000010e5d24 in kcbrls () #1  0x0000000002e87d25 in qertbFetchByUserRowID () #2  0x00000000030c62b8 in opifch2 () #3  0x00000000032327f0 in kpoal8 () #4  0x00000000013b7c10 in opiodr () #5  0x0000000003c3c9da in ttcpip () #6  0x00000000013b3144 in opitsk () #7  0x00000000013b60ec in opiino () #8  0x00000000013b7c10 in opiodr () #9  0x00000000013a92f8 in opidrv () #10 0x0000000001fa3936 in sou2o () #11 0x000000000072d40b in opimai_real () #12 0x000000000072d35c in main () SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump systemstate 266; Statement processed. ?????? kcbbfbp buffer cache handle ?  SO state object ? BH BUFFER HEADER  link???     ----------------------------------------     SO: 0x11b452348, type: 3, owner: 0x11b305810, flag: INIT/-/-/0x00     (call) sess: cur 11b41bd18, rec 0, usr 11b41bd18; depth: 0       ----------------------------------------       SO: 0x1182dc750, type: 24, owner: 0x11b452348, flag: INIT/-/-/0x00       (buffer) (CR) PR: 0x11b305810 FLG: 0x108000       class bit: (nil)       kcbbfbp: [BH: 0xf2fc69f8, LINK: 0x1182dc790]       where: kdswh05: kdsgrp, why: 0       BH (0xf2fc69f8) file#: 1 rdba: 0x00410652 (1/67154) class: 1 ba: 0xf297c000         set: 3 blksize: 8192 bsi: 0 set-flg: 2 pwbcnt: 272         dbwrid: 0 obj: 54208 objn: 54202 tsn: 0 afn: 1         hash: [f2fc47f8,1181f3038] lru: [f2fc6b88,f2fc6968]         obj-flags: object_ckpt_list         ckptq: [1182ecf38,1182ecf38] fileq: [1182ecf58,1182ecf58] objq: [108712a28,108712a28]         use: [1182dc790,1182dc790] wait: [NULL]         st: XCURRENT md: SHR tch: 12         flags: buffer_dirty gotten_in_current_mode block_written_once                 redo_since_read         LRBA: [0xc7.73b.0] HSCN: [0x0.1cbe52] HSUB: [1]         Using State Objects           ----------------------------------------           SO: 0x1182dc750, type: 24, owner: 0x11b452348, flag: INIT/-/-/0x00           (buffer) (CR) PR: 0x11b305810 FLG: 0x108000           class bit: (nil)           kcbbfbp: [BH: 0xf2fc69f8, LINK: 0x1182dc790]           where: kdswh05: kdsgrp, why: 0         buffer tsn: 0 rdba: 0x00410652 (1/67154)         scn: 0x0000.001cbe52 seq: 0x01 flg: 0x02 tail: 0xbe520601         frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0x0000 type: 0x06=trans data tab 0, row 0, @0x1f9a tl: 6 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x0  cc: 1 col  0: [ 2]  c1 02 tab 0, row 1, @0x1f94 tl: 6 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x2  cc: 1 col  0: [ 2]  c1 15 end_of_block_dump         (buffer) (CR) PR: 0x11b305810 FLG: 0x108000 st: XCURRENT md: SHR tch: 12 ? buffer header?status= XCURRENT mode=KCBMSHARE KCBMSHR     current share ?????  x$kcbbf ????? cache buffer handle SQL> select distinct KCBBPBH from  x$kcbbf ; KCBBPBH ---------------- 00 00000000F2FC69F8            ==>0xf2fc69f8 SQL> select * from x$kcbbf where kcbbpbh='00000000F2FC69F8'; ADDR                   INDX    INST_ID KCBBFSO_TYP KCBBFSO_FLG KCBBFSO_OWN ---------------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------------   KCBBFFLG    KCBBFCR    KCBBFCM KCBBFMBR         KCBBPBH ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------------- KCBBPBF          X0KCBBPBH        X0KCBBPBF        X1KCBBPBH ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- X1KCBBPBF        KCBBFBH            KCBBFWHR   KCBBFWHY ---------------- ---------------- ---------- ---------- 00000001182DC750        748          1          24           1 000000011B452348    1081344          1          0 00               00000000F2FC69F8 00000001182DC750 00               00000001182DC750 00 00000001182DC7F8 00                      583          0 SQL> desc x$kcbbf;  Name                                      Null?    Type  ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------  ADDR                                               RAW(8)  INDX                                               NUMBER  INST_ID                                            NUMBER  KCBBFSO_TYP                                        NUMBER  KCBBFSO_FLG                                        NUMBER  KCBBFSO_OWN                                        RAW(8)  KCBBFFLG                                           NUMBER  KCBBFCR                                            NUMBER  KCBBFCM                                            NUMBER  KCBBFMBR                                           RAW(8)  KCBBPBH                                            RAW(8)  KCBBPBF                                            RAW(8)  X0KCBBPBH                                          RAW(8)  X0KCBBPBF                                          RAW(8)  X1KCBBPBH                                          RAW(8)  X1KCBBPBF                                          RAW(8)  KCBBFBH                                            RAW(8)  KCBBFWHR                                           NUMBER  KCBBFWHY                                           NUMBER gdb ?? ?process??????kcbrls release buffer? ???cache buffer handle??? SQL> select distinct KCBBPBH from  x$kcbbf ; KCBBPBH ---------------- 00

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• PfSense: dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available

  - by Tillebeck

  Pfsense 2.0.1-RELEASE (i386) I get a lot of entries in the log saying: dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available There are aprox 40 active users and they complain about prolonged times for getting an IP and periodically about problems accessing the internet, prolonged response times etc. In the log there is this entry repeatedly (periodically): Jun 10 18:27:30 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 18:40:53 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 19:01:15 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 19:10:47 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 19:31:10 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 19:53:51 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 20:23:32 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 21:01:42 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 21:04:52 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 21:23:29 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 21:46:05 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 22:02:17 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 22:02:45 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 22:06:21 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 22:08:45 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 22:09:19 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available Jun 10 22:22:23 dhcpd: send_packet: No buffer space available I guess it is the same periods that the users complain about reduced access to the internet. I have seen other threads about it. But none related to pfsense. Any ideas of what to do?

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• Direct3D9 application won't write to depth buffer

  - by DeadMG

  I've got an application written in D3D9 which will not write any values to the depth buffer, resulting in incorrect values for the depth test. Things I've checked so far: D3DRS_ZENABLE, set to TRUE D3DRS_ZWRITEENABLE, set to TRUE D3DRS_ZFUNC, set to D3DCMP_LESSEQUAL The depth buffer is definitely bound to the pipeline at the relevant time The depth buffer was correctly cleared before use. I've used PIX to confirm that all of these things occurred as expected. For example, if I clear the depth buffer to 0 instead of 1, then correctly nothing is drawn, and PIX confirms that all the pixels failed the depth test. But I've also used PIX to confirm that my submitted geometry does not write to the depth buffer and so is not correctly rendered. Any other suggestions?

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• Buffer cache spillover: only buffers

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ?????? (?database open)????recovery?redo??,??????????????????: > Buffer cache spillover: only 32768 of 117227 buffers available$ ????crash recovery?redo apply??????buffer cache,??buffer cache???recovery buffer? ?????recovery buffer,????????age out????????redo change??????????? ????????????recovery(???crash recovery??instance recovery),?????buffer cache ??????????????(recovery)???? ??????(lock claim phase),?????????buffer cache ??spillover??????(???swap)??????????????????,oracle???????redo change???????????buffer cache????????recovery buffer????????,???????????????????? ?????????????(spillover recovery)??????????????(?????????,?????????redo apply),???????????? ??????,??crash recovery???? buffer cache??????????; ?????????, ?????????????buffer cache????????,?????????????????????????,?????????????????db_cache_size???????,??alter database open??????(Buffer cache spillover: only 32768 of 117227 buffers available$),?????????????????? ????????buffer cache spillover,?????????10???????????????,????????alert.log 30??????????,?????spillover???hang,?????????OTN Ask Maclean

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• Recenter a named buffer that is not neccessarily the current buffer in emacs Lisp

  - by Yu Shen

  I'd like to recenter a buffer, called "Lense", where I've inserted some text. I wished to make it the current buffer by "(set-buffer "Lense")", then "(recenter 0))". By the following code segments: (save-excursion (set-buffer "Lense") (recenter 0)) However, it seems that the above code would only recenter the buffer which is the current buffer, and "(set-buffer "Lense")" has no effect to make the current buffer to be "Lense". Please help me to figure out the right way to recenter the named buffer "Lense". Thanks, Yu

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• Disabling depth write trashes the frame buffer on some GPUs

  - by EboMike

  I sometimes disable depth buffer writing via glDepthMask(GL_FALSE) during the alpha rendering of a frame. That works perfectly fine on some GPUs (like the Motorola Droid's PowerVR), but on the HTC EVO with the Adreno GPU for example, I end up with the frame buffer being complete garbage (I see traces of the meshes I rendered somewhere, but the entire screen is mostly trashed). If I force glDepthMask to be true the entire time, everything works fine. I need glDepthMask to be off during parts of the alpha rendering. What can cause the framebuffer to get destroyed by turning the depth writing off? I do clear the depth buffer initially, and the majority of the screen has pixels rendered with depth writing turned on first before I do additional drawing with it turned off.

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• Writing the correct value in the depth buffer when using ray-casting

  - by hidayat

  I am doing a ray-casting in a 3d texture until I hit a correct value. I am doing the ray-casting in a cube and the cube corners are already in world coordinates so I don't have to multiply the vertices with the modelviewmatrix to get the correct position. Vertex shader world_coordinate_ = gl_Vertex; Fragment shader vec3 direction = (world_coordinate_.xyz - cameraPosition_); direction = normalize(direction); for (float k = 0.0; k < steps; k += 1.0) { .... pos += direction*delta_step; float thisLum = texture3D(texture3_, pos).r; if(thisLum > surface_) ... } Everything works as expected, what I now want is to sample the correct value to the depth buffer. The value that is now written to the depth buffer is the cube coordinate. But I want the value of pos in the 3d texture to be written. So lets say the cube is placed 10 away from origin in -z and the size is 10*10*10. My solution that does not work correctly is this: pos *= 10; pos.z += 10; pos.z *= -1; vec4 depth_vec = gl_ProjectionMatrix * vec4(pos.xyz, 1.0); float depth = ((depth_vec.z / depth_vec.w) + 1.0) * 0.5; gl_FragDepth = depth;

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• (LWJGL) Pixel Unpack Buffer Object is Disabled? (glTextImage2D)

  - by OstlerDev

  I am trying to create a render target for my game so that I can re-render at a different screen size. But I am receiving the following error: Exception in thread "main" org.lwjgl.opengl.OpenGLException: Cannot use offsets when Pixel Unpack Buffer Object is disabled Here is the source code for my Render method: // clear screen GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL11.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Start FBO Rendering Code // The framebuffer, which regroups 0, 1, or more textures, and 0 or 1 depth buffer. int FramebufferName = GL30.glGenFramebuffers(); GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, FramebufferName); // The texture we're going to render to int renderedTexture = glGenTextures(); // "Bind" the newly created texture : all future texture functions will modify this texture glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderedTexture); // Give an empty image to OpenGL ( the last "0" ) glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGB, 1024, 768, 0,GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); // Poor filtering. Needed ! glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); // Set "renderedTexture" as our colour attachement #0 GL32.glFramebufferTexture(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, renderedTexture, 0); // Set the list of draw buffers. IntBuffer drawBuffer = BufferUtils.createIntBuffer(20 * 20); GL20.glDrawBuffers(drawBuffer); // Always check that our framebuffer is ok if(GL30.glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE){ System.out.println("Framebuffer was not created successfully! Exiting!"); return; } // Resets the current viewport GL11.glViewport(0, 0, scaleWidth*scale, scaleHeight*scale); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); // let subsystem paint if (callback != null) { callback.frameRendering(); } // update window contents Display.update(); It is crashing on this line: glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGB, 1024, 768, 0,GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); I am not really sure why it is crashing and looking around I have not been able to find out why. Any help or insight would be greatly welcome.

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• Capturing and Transforming ASP.NET Output with Response.Filter

  - by Rick Strahl

  During one of my Handlers and Modules session at DevConnections this week one of the attendees asked a question that I didn’t have an immediate answer for. Basically he wanted to capture response output completely and then apply some filtering to the output – effectively injecting some additional content into the page AFTER the page had completely rendered. Specifically the output should be captured from anywhere – not just a page and have this code injected into the page. Some time ago I posted some code that allows you to capture ASP.NET Page output by overriding the Render() method, capturing the HtmlTextWriter() and reading its content, modifying the rendered data as text then writing it back out. I’ve actually used this approach on a few occasions and it works fine for ASP.NET pages. But this obviously won’t work outside of the Page class environment and it’s not really generic – you have to create a custom page class in order to handle the output capture. [updated 11/16/2009 – updated ResponseFilterStream implementation and a few additional notes based on comments] Enter Response.Filter However, ASP.NET includes a Response.Filter which can be used – well to filter output. Basically Response.Filter is a stream through which the OutputStream is piped back to the Web Server (indirectly). As content is written into the Response object, the filter stream receives the appropriate Stream commands like Write, Flush and Close as well as read operations although for a Response.Filter that’s uncommon to be hit. The Response.Filter can be programmatically replaced at runtime which allows you to effectively intercept all output generation that runs through ASP.NET. A common Example: Dynamic GZip Encoding A rather common use of Response.Filter hooking up code based, dynamic  GZip compression for requests which is dead simple by applying a GZipStream (or DeflateStream) to Response.Filter. The following generic routines can be used very easily to detect GZip capability of the client and compress response output with a single line of code and a couple of library helper routines: WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); which is handled with a few lines of reusable code and a couple of static helper methods: /// <summary> ///Sets up the current page or handler to use GZip through a Response.Filter ///IMPORTANT:  ///You have to call this method before any output is generated! /// </summary> public static void GZipEncodePage() {     HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response;     if(IsGZipSupported())     {         stringAcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"];         if(AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))         {             Response.Filter = newSystem.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter,                                        System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);             Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate");         }         else        {             Response.Filter = newSystem.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter,                                       System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress);             Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip");                            }     }     // Allow proxy servers to cache encoded and unencoded versions separately    Response.AppendHeader("Vary", "Content-Encoding"); } /// <summary> /// Determines if GZip is supported /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static bool IsGZipSupported() { string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(AcceptEncoding) && (AcceptEncoding.Contains("gzip") || AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))) return true; return false; } GZipStream and DeflateStream are streams that are assigned to Response.Filter and by doing so apply the appropriate compression on the active Response. Response.Filter content is chunked So to implement a Response.Filter effectively requires only that you implement a custom stream and handle the Write() method to capture Response output as it’s written. At first blush this seems very simple – you capture the output in Write, transform it and write out the transformed content in one pass. And that indeed works for small amounts of content. But you see, the problem is that output is written in small buffer chunks (a little less than 16k it appears) rather than just a single Write() statement into the stream, which makes perfect sense for ASP.NET to stream data back to IIS in smaller chunks to minimize memory usage en route. Unfortunately this also makes it a more difficult to implement any filtering routines since you don’t directly get access to all of the response content which is problematic especially if those filtering routines require you to look at the ENTIRE response in order to transform or capture the output as is needed for the solution the gentleman in my session asked for. So in order to address this a slightly different approach is required that basically captures all the Write() buffers passed into a cached stream and then making the stream available only when it’s complete and ready to be flushed. As I was thinking about the implementation I also started thinking about the few instances when I’ve used Response.Filter implementations. Each time I had to create a new Stream subclass and create my custom functionality but in the end each implementation did the same thing – capturing output and transforming it. I thought there should be an easier way to do this by creating a re-usable Stream class that can handle stream transformations that are common to Response.Filter implementations. Creating a semi-generic Response Filter Stream Class What I ended up with is a ResponseFilterStream class that provides a handful of Events that allow you to capture and/or transform Response content. The class implements a subclass of Stream and then overrides Write() and Flush() to handle capturing and transformation operations. By exposing events it’s easy to hook up capture or transformation operations via single focused methods. ResponseFilterStream exposes the following events: CaptureStream, CaptureString Captures the output only and provides either a MemoryStream or String with the final page output. Capture is hooked to the Flush() operation of the stream. TransformStream, TransformString Allows you to transform the complete response output with events that receive a MemoryStream or String respectively and can you modify the output then return it back as a return value. The transformed output is then written back out in a single chunk to the response output stream. These events capture all output internally first then write the entire buffer into the response. TransformWrite, TransformWriteString Allows you to transform the Response data as it is written in its original chunk size in the Stream’s Write() method. Unlike TransformStream/TransformString which operate on the complete output, these events only see the current chunk of data written. This is more efficient as there’s no caching involved, but can cause problems due to searched content splitting over multiple chunks. Using this implementation, creating a custom Response.Filter transformation becomes as simple as the following code. To hook up the Response.Filter using the MemoryStream version event: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformStream += filter_TransformStream; Response.Filter = filter; and the event handler to do the transformation: MemoryStream filter_TransformStream(MemoryStream ms) { Encoding encoding = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding; string output = encoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); output = FixPaths(output); ms = new MemoryStream(output.Length); byte[] buffer = encoding.GetBytes(output); ms.Write(buffer,0,buffer.Length); return ms; } private string FixPaths(string output) { string path = HttpContext.Current.Request.ApplicationPath; // override root path wonkiness if (path == "/") path = ""; output = output.Replace("\"~/", "\"" + path + "/").Replace("'~/", "'" + path + "/"); return output; } The idea of the event handler is that you can do whatever you want to the stream and return back a stream – either the same one that’s been modified or a brand new one – which is then sent back to as the final response. The above code can be simplified even more by using the string version events which handle the stream to string conversions for you: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; and the event handler to do the transformation calling the same FixPaths method shown above: string filter_TransformString(string output) { return FixPaths(output); } The events for capturing output and capturing and transforming chunks work in a very similar way. By using events to handle the transformations ResponseFilterStream becomes a reusable component and we don’t have to create a new stream class or subclass an existing Stream based classed. By the way, the example used here is kind of a cool trick which transforms “~/” expressions inside of the final generated HTML output – even in plain HTML controls not HTML controls – and transforms them into the appropriate application relative path in the same way that ResolveUrl would do. So you can write plain old HTML like this: <a href=”~/default.aspx”>Home</a>  and have it turned into: <a href=”/myVirtual/default.aspx”>Home</a>  without having to use an ASP.NET control like Hyperlink or Image or having to constantly use: <img src=”<%= ResolveUrl(“~/images/home.gif”) %>” /> in MVC applications (which frankly is one of the most annoying things about MVC especially given the path hell that extension-less and endpoint-less URLs impose). I can’t take credit for this idea. While discussing the Response.Filter issues on Twitter a hint from Dylan Beattie who pointed me at one of his examples which does something similar. I thought the idea was cool enough to use an example for future demos of Response.Filter functionality in ASP.NET next I time I do the Modules and Handlers talk (which was great fun BTW). How practical this is is debatable however since there’s definitely some overhead to using a Response.Filter in general and especially on one that caches the output and the re-writes it later. Make sure to test for performance anytime you use Response.Filter hookup and make sure it' doesn’t end up killing perf on you. You’ve been warned :-}. How does ResponseFilterStream work? The big win of this implementation IMHO is that it’s a reusable  component – so for implementation there’s no new class, no subclassing – you simply attach to an event to implement an event handler method with a straight forward signature to retrieve the stream or string you’re interested in. The implementation is based on a subclass of Stream as is required in order to handle the Response.Filter requirements. What’s different than other implementations I’ve seen in various places is that it supports capturing output as a whole to allow retrieving the full response output for capture or modification. The exception are the TransformWrite and TransformWrite events which operate only active chunk of data written by the Response. For captured output, the Write() method captures output into an internal MemoryStream that is cached until writing is complete. So Write() is called when ASP.NET writes to the Response stream, but the filter doesn’t pass on the Write immediately to the filter’s internal stream. The data is cached and only when the Flush() method is called to finalize the Stream’s output do we actually send the cached stream off for transformation (if the events are hooked up) and THEN finally write out the returned content in one big chunk. Here’s the implementation of ResponseFilterStream: /// <summary> /// A semi-generic Stream implementation for Response.Filter with /// an event interface for handling Content transformations via /// Stream or String. /// <remarks> /// Use with care for large output as this implementation copies /// the output into a memory stream and so increases memory usage. /// </remarks> /// </summary> public class ResponseFilterStream : Stream { /// <summary> /// The original stream /// </summary> Stream _stream; /// <summary> /// Current position in the original stream /// </summary> long _position; /// <summary> /// Stream that original content is read into /// and then passed to TransformStream function /// </summary> MemoryStream _cacheStream = new MemoryStream(5000); /// <summary> /// Internal pointer that that keeps track of the size /// of the cacheStream /// </summary> int _cachePointer = 0; /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="responseStream"></param> public ResponseFilterStream(Stream responseStream) { _stream = responseStream; } /// <summary> /// Determines whether the stream is captured /// </summary> private bool IsCaptured { get { if (CaptureStream != null || CaptureString != null || TransformStream != null || TransformString != null) return true; return false; } } /// <summary> /// Determines whether the Write method is outputting data immediately /// or delaying output until Flush() is fired. /// </summary> private bool IsOutputDelayed { get { if (TransformStream != null || TransformString != null) return true; return false; } } /// <summary> /// Event that captures Response output and makes it available /// as a MemoryStream instance. Output is captured but won't /// affect Response output. /// </summary> public event Action<MemoryStream> CaptureStream; /// <summary> /// Event that captures Response output and makes it available /// as a string. Output is captured but won't affect Response output. /// </summary> public event Action<string> CaptureString; /// <summary> /// Event that allows you transform the stream as each chunk of /// the output is written in the Write() operation of the stream. /// This means that that it's possible/likely that the input /// buffer will not contain the full response output but only /// one of potentially many chunks. /// /// This event is called as part of the filter stream's Write() /// operation. /// </summary> public event Func<byte[], byte[]> TransformWrite; /// <summary> /// Event that allows you to transform the response stream as /// each chunk of bytep[] output is written during the stream's write /// operation. This means it's possibly/likely that the string /// passed to the handler only contains a portion of the full /// output. Typical buffer chunks are around 16k a piece. /// /// This event is called as part of the stream's Write operation. /// </summary> public event Func<string, string> TransformWriteString; /// <summary> /// This event allows capturing and transformation of the entire /// output stream by caching all write operations and delaying final /// response output until Flush() is called on the stream. /// </summary> public event Func<MemoryStream, MemoryStream> TransformStream; /// <summary> /// Event that can be hooked up to handle Response.Filter /// Transformation. Passed a string that you can modify and /// return back as a return value. The modified content /// will become the final output. /// </summary> public event Func<string, string> TransformString; protected virtual void OnCaptureStream(MemoryStream ms) { if (CaptureStream != null) CaptureStream(ms); } private void OnCaptureStringInternal(MemoryStream ms) { if (CaptureString != null) { string content = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); OnCaptureString(content); } } protected virtual void OnCaptureString(string output) { if (CaptureString != null) CaptureString(output); } protected virtual byte[] OnTransformWrite(byte[] buffer) { if (TransformWrite != null) return TransformWrite(buffer); return buffer; } private byte[] OnTransformWriteStringInternal(byte[] buffer) { Encoding encoding = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding; string output = OnTransformWriteString(encoding.GetString(buffer)); return encoding.GetBytes(output); } private string OnTransformWriteString(string value) { if (TransformWriteString != null) return TransformWriteString(value); return value; } protected virtual MemoryStream OnTransformCompleteStream(MemoryStream ms) { if (TransformStream != null) return TransformStream(ms); return ms; } /// <summary> /// Allows transforming of strings /// /// Note this handler is internal and not meant to be overridden /// as the TransformString Event has to be hooked up in order /// for this handler to even fire to avoid the overhead of string /// conversion on every pass through. /// </summary> /// <param name="responseText"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string OnTransformCompleteString(string responseText) { if (TransformString != null) TransformString(responseText); return responseText; } /// <summary> /// Wrapper method form OnTransformString that handles /// stream to string and vice versa conversions /// </summary> /// <param name="ms"></param> /// <returns></returns> internal MemoryStream OnTransformCompleteStringInternal(MemoryStream ms) { if (TransformString == null) return ms; //string content = ms.GetAsString(); string content = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetString(ms.ToArray()); content = TransformString(content); byte[] buffer = HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding.GetBytes(content); ms = new MemoryStream(); ms.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //ms.WriteString(content); return ms; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override bool CanRead { get { return true; } } public override bool CanSeek { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override bool CanWrite { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override long Length { get { return 0; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override long Position { get { return _position; } set { _position = value; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="direction"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override long Seek(long offset, System.IO.SeekOrigin direction) { return _stream.Seek(offset, direction); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="length"></param> public override void SetLength(long length) { _stream.SetLength(length); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public override void Close() { _stream.Close(); } /// <summary> /// Override flush by writing out the cached stream data /// </summary> public override void Flush() { if (IsCaptured && _cacheStream.Length > 0) { // Check for transform implementations _cacheStream = OnTransformCompleteStream(_cacheStream); _cacheStream = OnTransformCompleteStringInternal(_cacheStream); OnCaptureStream(_cacheStream); OnCaptureStringInternal(_cacheStream); // write the stream back out if output was delayed if (IsOutputDelayed) _stream.Write(_cacheStream.ToArray(), 0, (int)_cacheStream.Length); // Clear the cache once we've written it out _cacheStream.SetLength(0); } // default flush behavior _stream.Flush(); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { return _stream.Read(buffer, offset, count); } /// <summary> /// Overriden to capture output written by ASP.NET and captured /// into a cached stream that is written out later when Flush() /// is called. /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { if ( IsCaptured ) { // copy to holding buffer only - we'll write out later _cacheStream.Write(buffer, 0, count); _cachePointer += count; } // just transform this buffer if (TransformWrite != null) buffer = OnTransformWrite(buffer); if (TransformWriteString != null) buffer = OnTransformWriteStringInternal(buffer); if (!IsOutputDelayed) _stream.Write(buffer, offset, buffer.Length); } } The key features are the events and corresponding OnXXX methods that handle the event hookups, and the Write() and Flush() methods of the stream implementation. All the rest of the members tend to be plain jane passthrough stream implementation code without much consequence. I do love the way Action<t> and Func<T> make it so easy to create the event signatures for the various events – sweet. A few Things to consider Performance Response.Filter is not great for performance in general as it adds another layer of indirection to the ASP.NET output pipeline, and this implementation in particular adds a memory hit as it basically duplicates the response output into the cached memory stream which is necessary since you may have to look at the entire response. If you have large pages in particular this can cause potentially serious memory pressure in your server application. So be careful of wholesale adoption of this (or other) Response.Filters. Make sure to do some performance testing to ensure it’s not killing your app’s performance. Response.Filter works everywhere A few questions came up in comments and discussion as to capturing ALL output hitting the site and – yes you can definitely do that by assigning a Response.Filter inside of a module. If you do this however you’ll want to be very careful and decide which content you actually want to capture especially in IIS 7 which passes ALL content – including static images/CSS etc. through the ASP.NET pipeline. So it is important to filter only on what you’re looking for – like the page extension or maybe more effectively the Response.ContentType. Response.Filter Chaining Originally I thought that filter chaining doesn’t work at all due to a bug in the stream implementation code. But it’s quite possible to assign multiple filters to the Response.Filter property. So the following actually works to both compress the output and apply the transformed content: WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; However the following does not work resulting in invalid content encoding errors: ResponseFilterStream filter = new ResponseFilterStream(Response.Filter); filter.TransformString += filter_TransformString; Response.Filter = filter; WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); In other words multiple Response filters can work together but it depends entirely on the implementation whether they can be chained or in which order they can be chained. In this case running the GZip/Deflate stream filters apparently relies on the original content length of the output and chokes when the content is modified. But if attaching the compression first it works fine as unintuitive as that may seem. Resources Download example code Capture Output from ASP.NET Pages © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET  

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• buffer overrun throw return address

  - by user156144

  Hi, When I throw in a method A, it causes buffer overrun but when I return, it runs fine. I thought throw moves execution to the caller method so the address it goes to should be the same as return address, but i am obviuosly wrong. Is there a way to see what address throw goes to in Visual Studio debugger? Thank you

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• Choose an output audio device different from the default on WMP 11

  - by GetFree

  I like to play my music through a Hi-Fi audio equipment and everything else (like windows sounds, web videos and such) through my default PC speakers. On WIndows XP I had WMP 9 and I could do that with no problems since I can choose what audio device (which sound card) to use, and that selection is for WMP only, which can be different from Windows' default audio device. But now that I have Windows Vista and WMP 11 I cannot longer choose an audio device just for WMP, or at least I can't find a way to do it (the control in the options dialog is no longer there). Was this useful feature really removed from WMP 11? or there is some other way to do it?

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• Depth interpolation for z-buffer, with scanline

  - by Twodordan

  I have to write my own software 3d rasterizer, and so far I am able to project my 3d model made of triangles into 2d space: I rotate, translate and project my points to get a 2d space representation of each triangle. Then, I take the 3 triangle points and I implement the scanline algorithm (using linear interpolation) to find all points[x][y] along the edges(left and right) of the triangles, so that I can scan the triangle horizontally, row by row, and fill it with pixels. This works. Except I have to also implement z-buffering. This means that knowing the rotated&translated z coordinates of the 3 vertices of the triangle, I must interpolate the z coordinate for all other points I find with my scanline algorithm. The concept seems clear enough, I first find Za and Zb with these calculations: var Z_Slope = (bottom_point_z - top_point_z) / (bottom_point_y - top_point_y); var Za = top_point_z + ((current_point_y - top_point_y) * Z_Slope); Then for each Zp I do the same interpolation horizontally: var Z_Slope = (right_z - left_z) / (right_x - left_x); var Zp = left_z + ((current_point_x - left_x) * Z_Slope); And of course I add to the zBuffer, if current z is closer to the viewer than the previous value at that index. (my coordinate system is x: left - right; y: top - bottom; z: your face - computer screen;) The problem is, it goes haywire. The project is here and if you select the "Z-Buffered" radio button, you'll see the results... (note that the rest of the options before "Z-Buffered" use the Painter's algorithm to correctly order the triangles. I also use the painter's algorithm -only- to draw the wireframe in "Z-Buffered" mode for debugging purposes) PS: I've read here that you must turn the z's into their reciprocals (meaning z = 1/z) before you interpolate. I tried that, and it appears that there's no change. What am I missing? (could anyone clarify, precisely where you must turn z into 1/z and where to turn it back?)

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• ????ASMM

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ???Oracle??????????????SGA/PGA???,????10g????????????ASMM????,????????ASMM?????????Oracle??????????,?ASMM??????DBA????????????;????????ASMM???????????????DBA???:????????????DB,?????????????DBA?????????????????????????????????,ASMM??????????,???????????,??????????,??????????????????;?10g release 1?10.2??????ASMM?????????????,???????ASMM????????ASMM?????startup???????????ASMM??AMM??,????????DBA????SGA/PGA?????????”??”??”???”???,???????????DBA????chemist(???????1??2??????????????)? ?????????????????ASMM?????,?????????????…… Oracle?SGA???????9i???????????,????: Buffer Cache ????????????,??????????????? Default Pool                  ??????,???DB_CACHE_SIZE?? Keep Pool                     ??????,???DB_KEEP_CACHE_SIZE?? Non standard pool         ???????,???DB_nK_cache_size?? Recycle pool                 ???,???db_recycle_cache_size?? Shared Pool ???,???shared_pool_size?? Library cache   ?????? Row cache      ???,?????? Java Pool         java?,???Java_pool_size?? Large Pool       ??,???Large_pool_size?? Fixed SGA       ???SGA??,???Oracle???????,?????????granule? ?9i?????ASMM,???????????SGA,??????MSMM??9i???buffer cache??????????,?????????????????????????,???9i?????????????,?????????????????????????? ????SGA?????: ?????shared pool?default buffer pool????????,??????????? ?9i???????????(advisor),?????????? ??????????????? ?????????,?????? ?????,?????ORA-04031?????????? ASMM?????: ?????????? ???????????????? ???????sga_target?? ???????????,??????????? ??MSMM???????: ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????,??????????? ??????????????????,??????????ORA-04031??? ASMM???????????:1.??????sga_target???????2.???????,???:????(memory component),????(memory broker)???????(memory mechanism)3.????(memory advisor) ASMM????????????(Automatically set),??????:shared_pool_size?db_cache_size?java_pool_size?large_pool _size?streams_pool_size;?????????????????,???:db_keep_cache_size?db_recycle_cache_size?db_nk_cache_size?log_buffer????SGA?????,????????????????,??log_buffer?fixed sga??????????????? ??ASMM?????????sga_target??,???????ASMM??????????????????db_cache_size?java_pool_size???,?????????????????????,????????????????????(???)????????,Oracle?????????(granule,?SGA<1GB?granule???4M,?SGA>1GB?granule???16M)???????,??????????????buffer cache,??????????????????(granule)??????????????????????sga_target??,???????????????????(dism,???????)???ASMM?????????????statistics_level?????typical?ALL,?????BASIC??MMON????(Memory Monitor is a background process that gathers memory statistics (snapshots) stores this information in the AWR (automatic workload repository). MMON is also responsible for issuing alerts for metrics that exceed their thresholds)?????????????????????ASMM?????,???????????sga_target?????statistics_level?BASIC: SQL> show parameter sga NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ lock_sga boolean FALSE pre_page_sga boolean FALSE sga_max_size big integer 2000M sga_target big integer 2000M SQL> show parameter sga_target NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ sga_target big integer 2000M SQL> alter system set statistics_level=BASIC; alter system set statistics_level=BASIC * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02097: parameter cannot be modified because specified value is invalid ORA-00830: cannot set statistics_level to BASIC with auto-tune SGA enabled ?????server parameter file?spfile??,ASMM????shutdown??????????????(Oracle???????,????????)???spfile?,?????strings?????spfile????????????????????,?: G10R2.__db_cache_size=973078528 G10R2.__java_pool_size=16777216 G10R2.__large_pool_size=16777216 G10R2.__shared_pool_size=1006632960 G10R2.__streams_pool_size=67108864 ???spfile?????????????????,???????????”???”?????,??????????”??”?? ?ASMM?????????????? ?????(tunable):????????????????????????????buffer cache?????????,cache????????????????,?????????? IO????????????????????????????Library cache????? subheap????,?????????????????????????????????(open cursors)?????????client??????????????buffer cache???????,???????????pin??buffer???(???????) ?????(Un-tunable):???????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????large pool?????? ??????(Fixed Size):???????????,??????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????(memory resize request)?????????,?????: ??????(Immediate Request):???????????ASMM????????????????????????(chunk)?,??????OUT-OF-MEMORY(ORA-04031)???,????????????????????(granule)????????????????????granule,????????????,?????????????????????????????,????granule??????????????? ??????(Deferred Request):???????????????????????????,??????????????granule???????????????MMON??????????delta. ??????(Manual Request):????????????alter system?????????????????????????????????????????????????granule,??????grow?????ORA-4033??,?????shrink?????ORA-4034??? ?ASMM????,????(Memory Broker)????????????????????????????(Deferred)??????????????????????(auto-tunable component)???????????????,???????????????MMON??????????????????????????????????,????????????????;MMON????Memory Broker?????????????????????????MMON????????????????????????????????????????(resize request system queue)?MMAN????(Memory Manager is a background process that manages the dynamic resizing of SGA memory areas as the workload increases or decreases)??????????????????? ?10gR1?Shared Pool?shrink??????????,?????????????Buffer Cache???????????granule,????Buffer Cache?granule????granule header?Metadata(???buffer header??RAC??Lock Elements)????,?????????????????????shared pool????????duration(?????)?chunk??????granule?,????????????granule??10gR2????Buffer Cache Granule????????granule header?buffer?Metadata(buffer header?LE)????,??shared pool???duration?chunk????????granule,??????buffer cache?shared pool??????????????10gr2?streams pool?????????(???????streams pool duration????) ??????????(Donor,???trace????)???,?????????granule???buffer cache,????granule????????????: ????granule???????granule header ?????chunk????granule?????????buffer header ???,???chunk??????????????????????metadata? ???2-4??,???granule???? ??????????????????,??buffer cache??granule???shared pool?,???????: MMAN??????????buffer cache???granule MMAN????granule??quiesce???(Moving 1 granule from inuse to quiesce list of DEFAULT buffer cache for an immediate req) DBWR???????quiesced???granule????buffer(dirty buffer) MMAN??shared pool????????(consume callback),granule?free?chunk???shared pool??(consume)?,????????????????????granule????shared granule??????,???????????granule???????????,??????pin??buffer??Metadata(???buffer header?LE)?????buffer cache??? ???granule???????shared pool,???granule?????shared??? ?????ASMM???????????,??????????: _enabled_shared_pool_duration:?????????10g????shared pool duration??,?????sga_target?0?????false;???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time???true??????false,???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time????? _memory_broker_shrink_heaps:???????0??Oracle?????shared pool?java pool,??????0,??shrink request??????????????????? _memory_management_tracing: ???????MMON?MMAN??????????(advisor)?????(Memory Broker)?????trace???;??ORA-04031????????36,???8?????????????trace,???23????Memory Broker decision???,???32???cache resize???;??????????: Level Contents 0×01 Enables statistics tracing 0×02 Enables policy tracing 0×04 Enables transfer of granules tracing 0×08 Enables startup tracing 0×10 Enables tuning tracing 0×20 Enables cache tracing ?????????_memory_management_tracing?????DUMP_TRANSFER_OPS????????????????,?????????????????trace?????????mman_trace?transfer_ops_dump? SQL> alter system set "_memory_management_tracing"=63; System altered Operation make shared pool grow and buffer cache shrink!!!.............. ???????granule?????,????default buffer pool?resize??: AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after pre-processing, ret=0 /* ???0xdc9c2628??????addr */ AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0xdc9c2628 /* ???????????Immediate???? */ AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=16, state=3, flg=0 /* ?????????shared pool,???,????16?granule,??grow?? */ AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=106, state=4, flg=0 /* ???????Default buffer cache,????,????106?granule,??shrink?? */ AUTO SGA: Memory requested=3896, remaining=3896 /* ??immeidate request???????3896 bytes */ AUTO SGA: Memory received=0, minreq=3896, gransz=16777216 /* ????free?granule,??received?0,gransz?granule??? */ AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 status is INACTIVE /* ??????????,??????inactive?? */ AUTO SGA: Init bef rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 /* ????????before-process???? */ AUTO SGA: Set rq dc9c2628 status to PENDING /* ?request??pending?? */ AUTO SGA: 0xca000000 rem=3896, rcvd=16777216, 105, 16777216, 17 /* ???????0xca000000?16M??granule */ AUTO SGA: Returning 4 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 4, 1, a AUTO SGA: Resize done for pool DEFAULT, 8192 /* ???default pool?resize */ AUTO SGA: Init aft rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after processing AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0x7fff917964a0 AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=17, state=0, flg=0 AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=105, state=0, flg=0 AUTO SGA: Memory requested=3896, remaining=0 AUTO SGA: Memory received=16777216, minreq=3896, gransz=16777216 AUTO SGA: Request 0x7fff917964a0 status is COMPLETE /* shared pool????16M?granule */ AUTO SGA: activated granule 0xca000000 of shared pool ?????partial granule????????????trace: AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after pre-processing, ret=0 AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=82, state=3, flg=1 AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=36, state=4, flg=1 /* ????????shared pool,?????default buffer cache */ AUTO SGA: Memory requested=4120, remaining=4120 AUTO SGA: Memory received=0, minreq=4120, gransz=16777216 AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 status is INACTIVE AUTO SGA: Init bef rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Set rq dc9c2628 status to PENDING AUTO SGA: Moving granule 0x93000000 of DEFAULT buffer cache to activate list AUTO SGA: Moving 1 granule 0x8c000000 from inuse to quiesce list of DEFAULT buffer cache for an immediate req /* ???buffer cache??????0x8c000000?granule??????inuse list, ???????quiesce list? */ AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: activated granule 0x93000000 of DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 / * ??dbwr??0x8c000000 granule????dirty buffer */ AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 ......................................... AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 8192 from 0x8c000000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 90112 from 0x8c002000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 24576 from 0x8c01a000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 65536 from 0x8c022000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 131072 from 0x8c034000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 286720 from 0x8c056000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 98304 from 0x8c09e000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 106496 from 0x8c0b8000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache ..................... /* ??shared pool????0x8c000000 granule??chunk, ??granule?owner????default buffer cache */ AUTO SGA: Imm xfer 0x8c000000 from quiesce list of DEFAULT buffer cache to partial inuse list of shared pool /* ???0x8c000000 granule?default buffer cache????????shared pool????inuse list */ AUTO SGA: Returning 4 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 4, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: Init aft rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after processing AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0x7fffe9bcd0e0 AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=83, state=0, flg=1 AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=35, state=0, flg=1 AUTO SGA: Memory requested=4120, remaining=0 AUTO SGA: Memory received=14934016, minreq=4120, gransz=16777216 AUTO SGA: Request 0x7fffe9bcd0e0 status is COMPLETE /* ????partial transfer?? */ ?????partial transfer??????DUMP_TRANSFER_OPS????0x8c000000 partial granule???????,?: SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump DUMP_TRANSFER_OPS 1; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name; /s01/admin/G10R2/udump/g10r2_ora_21482.trc =======================trace content============================== GRANULE SIZE is 16777216 COMPONENT NAME : shared pool Number of granules in partially inuse list (listid 4) is 23 Granule addr is 0x8c000000 Granule owner is DEFAULT buffer cache /* ?0x8c000000 granule?shared pool?partially inuse list, ?????owner??default buffer cache */ Granule 0x8c000000 dump from owner perspective gptr = 0x8c000000, num buf hdrs = 1989, num buffers = 156, ghdr = 0x8cffe000 / * ?????granule?granule header????0x8cffe000, ????156?buffer block,1989?buffer header */ /* ??granule??????,??????buffer cache??shared pool chunk */ BH:0x8cf76018 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76128 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76238 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76348 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76458 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76568 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76678 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76788 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76898 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf769a8 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76ab8 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76bc8 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76cd8 BA:0x8c018000 st:1 flg:622202 ............... Address 0x8cf30000 to 0x8cf74000 not in cache Address 0x8cf74000 to 0x8d000000 in cache Granule 0x8c000000 dump from receivers perspective Dumping layout Address 0x8c000000 to 0x8c018000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c018000 to 0x8c01a000 not in this pool Address 0x8c01a000 to 0x8c020000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c020000 to 0x8c022000 not in this pool Address 0x8c022000 to 0x8c032000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c032000 to 0x8c034000 not in this pool Address 0x8c034000 to 0x8c054000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c054000 to 0x8c056000 not in this pool Address 0x8c056000 to 0x8c09c000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c09c000 to 0x8c09e000 not in this pool Address 0x8c09e000 to 0x8c0b6000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c0b6000 to 0x8c0b8000 not in this pool Address 0x8c0b8000 to 0x8c0d2000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) ???????granule?????shared granule??????,?????????buffer block,????1?shared subpool??????durtaion?4?chunk,duration=4?execution duration;??duration?chunk???????????,??extent???quiesce list??????????????free?execution duration?????????????,??????duration???extent(??????extent????granule)??????? ?????????????ASMM?????????,????: V$SGAINFODisplays summary information about the system global area (SGA). V$SGADisplays size information about the SGA, including the sizes of different SGA components, the granule size, and free memory. V$SGASTATDisplays detailed information about the SGA. V$SGA_DYNAMIC_COMPONENTSDisplays information about the dynamic SGA components. This view summarizes information based on all completed SGA resize operations since instance startup. V$SGA_DYNAMIC_FREE_MEMORYDisplays information about the amount of SGA memory available for future dynamic SGA resize operations. V$SGA_RESIZE_OPSDisplays information about the last 400 completed SGA resize operations. V$SGA_CURRENT_RESIZE_OPSDisplays information about SGA resize operations that are currently in progress. A resize operation is an enlargement or reduction of a dynamic SGA component. V$SGA_TARGET_ADVICEDisplays information that helps you tune SGA_TARGET. ?????????shared pool duration???,?????????

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• Open a buffer as a vertical split in VIM

  - by alfredodeza

  If you are editing a file in VIM and then you need to open an existing buffer (e.g. from your buffer list: :buffers) how can you open it in a vertical split? I know that you already can open it with a normal split like: :sbuffer N Wehere N is the buffer number you want, however, the above opens that N buffer horizontally, not vertically. I'm also aware that you can change the window placement after opening and have a Vertical Split like so: Ctrl-W H Ctrl-W L Which will vertically split the window to the right or the left. It seems to me that if there is a sbuffer there should be a vsbuffer but that doesn't exist (not that I am aware of) Also, please note that I am not looking for a plugin to solve this question. I know about a wealth of plugins that will allow you to do this. I am sure I might be missing something that is already there. EDIT: In the best spirit of collaboration, I have created a simple Function with a Mapping if someone else stumbles across this issue and do not want to install a plugin: Function: " Vertical Split Buffer Function function VerticalSplitBuffer(buffer) execute "vert belowright sb" a:buffer endfunction Mapping: " Vertical Split Buffer Mapping command -nargs=1 Vbuffer call VerticalSplitBuffer(<f-args>) This accomplishes the task of opening a buffer in a right split, so for buffer 1, you would call it like: :Vbuffer 1

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• Redirect output to file

  - by Algorist

  Hi, I have a shell script which is currently running and was running from past 8 hours. It will complete only by tomorrow evening. At the end of the program, it will print 2 million words to standard output. I am running the program on the screen. I forgot to redirect the output to a file. I know I won't be able to copy the data from the window. Is there a way to output the command to a file. I don't want to restart the program. Any thoughts?? Thank you. Bala

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• how to save and load the state of a game in scheme

  - by user3667664

  I'm creating the game of chess in scheme, but do not know how to save and load game state is a part I have this code (define-struct ficha(color se-movio? tipo-ficha )) ;;tablero lista de listas de fichas (define-struct estado (tablero turno fichaSel)) (define bpawn (bitmap "b-peon.png")) (define brook (bitmap "b-torre.png")) (define bcaballo (bitmap "b-caballo.png")) (define bbish (bitmap "b-arfil.png")) (define bquee (bitmap "b-reina.png")) (define bking (bitmap "b-rey.png")) (define wpawn (bitmap "w-peon.png")) (define wrook (bitmap "w-torre.png")) (define wcaballo (bitmap "w-caballo.png")) (define wbish (bitmap "w-arfil.png")) (define wquee (bitmap "w-reina.png")) (define wking (bitmap "w-rey.png")) (define board (bitmap "board.jpg")) This is the board that is a list of lists (define tableroini (list (list torreb caballob arfilb reinab reyb arfilb caballob torreb) (list peonb peonb peonb peonb peonb peonb peonb peonb) (list empty empty empty empty empty empty empty empty) (list empty empty empty empty empty empty empty empty) (list empty empty empty empty empty empty empty empty) (list empty empty empty empty empty empty empty empty) (list peonw peonw peonw peonw peonw peonw peonw peonw) (list torrew caballow arfilw reinaw reyw arfilw caballow torrew))) I did this to save the state of the game: (define (Guardar-en-archivo archivo) (write-file (string-append Subcarpeta archivo ".txt") "game state" )) But not as you insert the game state on "game state" for me to save the game How I can do this ?

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• Buffer Overflow (vs) Buffer OverRun (vs) Stack Overflow [closed]

  - by joe

  Possible Duplicate: What is the difference between a stack overflow and buffer overflow ? What is the difference between Buffer Overflow and Buffer Overrun? What is the difference between Buffer Overrun and Stack Overflow? Please include code examples. I have looked at the terms in Wikipedia, but I am unable to match with programming in C or C++ or Java.

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• Accessing memory buffer after fread()

  - by xiongtx

  I'm confused as to how fread() is used. Below is an example from cplusplus.com /* fread example: read a complete file */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main () { FILE * pFile; long lSize; char * buffer; size_t result; pFile = fopen ( "myfile.bin" , "rb" ); if (pFile==NULL) {fputs ("File error",stderr); exit (1);} // obtain file size: fseek (pFile , 0 , SEEK_END); lSize = ftell (pFile); rewind (pFile); // allocate memory to contain the whole file: buffer = (char*) malloc (sizeof(char)*lSize); if (buffer == NULL) {fputs ("Memory error",stderr); exit (2);} // copy the file into the buffer: result = fread (buffer,1,lSize,pFile); if (result != lSize) {fputs ("Reading error",stderr); exit (3);} /* the whole file is now loaded in the memory buffer. */ // terminate fclose (pFile); free (buffer); return 0; } Let's say that I don't use fclose() just yet. Can I now just treat buffer as an array and access elements like buffer[i]? Or do I have to do something else?

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• sudo & redirect output

  - by Khaled

  I have a small question regarding using sudo with output redirect >. To enable IP forwrding, someone can use the command: $ echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward Executing this command will give permission denied as it requires root privileges. However, executing the same command with sudo gives also permission denied error! It seems that output redirect > does not inherit the permissions of the preceding command echo. Is this right? As a workaround I do: $ echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward Is this the best way to do it? Am I missing something? Please, note that this is an example and it applies to all commands that use output redirect.

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• OpenGL es 2.0 Read depth buffer

  - by Brian

  Hi! As far as i know, we can't read the Z(depth) value in OpenGL ES 2.0. So I am wondering how we can get the 3D world coordinates from a point on the 2D screen? Actually I have some random thoughts might work. Since we can read the RGBA value by using glReadPixels, how about we duplicate the depth buffer and store it in a color buffer(say ColorforDepth). Of course there need to be some nice convention so that we don't lose any information of the depth buffer. And then when we need a point's world coordinates , we attach this ColorforDepth color buffer to the framebuffer and then render it. So when we use glReadPixels to read the depth information at this frame. However, this will lead to 1 frame flash since the colorbuffer is a weird buffer translated from the depth buffer. I am still wondering if there is some standard way to get the depth in OpenGL es 2.0? Thx in advance!:)

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• finding empty directories unix

  - by soField

  i need to find empty directories for given list of directories some directories have directories inside it if inside directories also empty i can say main directory is empty otherwise it's not empty how can i test this for example A>A1(file1),A2 this is not empty beacuse of file1 B>B1(no file) this is empty C>C1,C2 this is empty thanks

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• Loading Wavefront Data into VAO and Render It

  - by Jordan LaPrise

  I have successfully loaded a triangulated wavefront(.obj) into 6 vectors, the first 3 vectors contain the locations for vertices, uv coords, and normals. The last three have the indices stored for each of the faces. I have been looking into using VAO's and VBO's to render, and I'm not quite sure how to load and render the data. One of my biggest concerns is the fact that indexed rendering only allows you to have one array of indices, meaning I somehow have to make all of the first three vectors the same size, the only way I thought of doing this, is to make 3 new vertex's of equal size, and load in the data for each face, but that would completely defeat the purpose of indexing. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks in advance, Jordan

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• Writing to a structured buffer with a compute shader (D3D11)

  - by Vertexwahn

  I have some problems writing to a structured buffer. First I create a structured buffer that is filled with float values beginning from 0 to 99. Afterwards a copy the structured buffer to a CPU accessible buffer is made to print the content of the structured buffer to the console. The output is as expected (Numbers 0 to 99 appear on the console). Afterwards I use a compute shader that should change the contents of the structured buffer: RWStructuredBuffer<float> Result : register( u0 ); [numthreads(1, 1, 1)] void CS_main( uint3 GroupId : SV_GroupID ) { Result[GroupId.x] = GroupId.x * 10; } But the compute shader does not change the contents of the structured buffer. The source code can be found here (main.cpp): https://bitbucket.org/Vertexwahn/cmakedemos/src/4abb067afd5781b87a553c4c720956668adca22a/D3D11ComputeShader/src/main.cpp?at=default FillCS.hlsl: https://bitbucket.org/Vertexwahn/cmakedemos/src/4abb067afd5781b87a553c4c720956668adca22a/D3D11ComputeShader/src/FillCS.hlsl?at=default

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• Java HTTP Requests Buffer size

  - by behrk2

  Hello, I have an HTTP Request Dispatcher class that works most of the time, but I had noticed that it "stalls" when receiving larger requests. After looking into the problem, I thought that perhaps I wasn't allocating enough bytes to the buffer. Before, I was doing: byte[] buffer = new byte[10000]; After changing it to 20000, it seems to have stopped stalling: String contentType = connection.getHeaderField("Content-type"); ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); InputStream responseData = connection.openInputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[20000]; int bytesRead = responseData.read(buffer); while (bytesRead > 0) { baos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead); bytesRead = responseData.read(buffer); } baos.close(); connection.close(); Am I doing this right? Is there anyway that I can dynamically set the number of bytes for the buffer based on the size of the request? Thanks...

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• Intelligent "Subtraction" of one text logfile from another

  - by Vi

  Example: Application generates large text log file A with many different messages. It generates similarly large log file B when does not function correctly. I want to see what messages in file B are essentially new, i.e. to filter-out everything from A. Trivial prototype is: Sort | uniq both files Join files sort | uniq -c grep -v "^2" This produces symmetric difference and inconvenient. How to do it better? (including non-symmetric difference and preserving of messages order in B) Program should first analyse A and learn which messages are common, then analyse B showing with messages needs attention. Ideally it should automatically disregard things like timestamps, line numbers or other volatile things. Example. A: 0:00:00.234 Received buffer 0x324234 0:00:00.237 Processeed buffer 0x324234 0:00:00.238 Send buffer 0x324255 0:00:03.334 Received buffer 0x324255 0:00:03.337 Processeed buffer 0x324255 0:00:03.339 Send buffer 0x324255 0:00:05.171 Received buffer 0x32421A 0:00:05.173 Processeed buffer 0x32421A 0:00:05.178 Send buffer 0x32421A B: 0:00:00.134 Received buffer 0x324111 0:00:00.137 Processeed buffer 0x324111 0:00:00.138 Send buffer 0x324111 0:00:03.334 Received buffer 0x324222 0:00:03.337 Processeed buffer 0x324222 0:00:03.338 Error processing buffer 0x324222 0:00:03.339 Send buffer 0x3242222 0:00:05.271 Received buffer 0x3242FA 0:00:05.273 Processeed buffer 0x3242FA 0:00:05.278 Send buffer 0x3242FA 0:00:07.280 Send buffer 0x3242FA failed Result: 0:00:03.338 Error processing buffer 0x324222 0:00:07.280 Send buffer 0x3242FA failed One of ways of solving it can be something like that: Split each line to logical units: 0:00:00.134 Received buffer 0x324111,0:00:00.134,Received,buffer,0x324111,324111,Received buffer, \d:\d\d:\d\d\.\d\d\d, \d+:\d+:\d+.\d+, 0x[0-9A-F]{6}, ... It should find individual words, simple patterns in numbers, common layouts (e.g. "some date than text than number than text than end_of_line"), also handle combinations of above. As it is not easy task, user assistance (adding regexes with explicit "disregard that","make the main factor","don't split to parts","consider as date/number","take care of order/quantity of such messages" rules) should be supported (but not required) for it. Find recurring units and "categorize" lines, filter out too volatile things like timestamps, addresses or line numbers. Analyse the second file, find things that has new logical units (one-time or recurring), or anything that will "amaze" the system which has got used to the first file. Example of doing some bit of this manually: $ cat A | head -n 1 0:00:00.234 Received buffer 0x324234 $ cat A | egrep -v "Received buffer" | head -n 1 0:00:00.237 Processeed buffer 0x324234 $ cat A | egrep -v "Received buffer|Processeed buffer" | head -n 1 0:00:00.238 Send buffer 0x324255 $ cat A | egrep -v "Received buffer|Processeed buffer|Send buffer" | head -n 1 $ cat B | egrep -v "Received buffer|Processeed buffer|Send buffer" 0:00:03.338 Error processing buffer 0x324222 0:00:07.280 Send buffer 0x3242FA failed This is a boring thing (there are a lot of message types); also I can accidentally include some too broad pattern. Also it can't handle complicated things like interrelation between messages. I know that it is AI-related. May be there are already developed tools?

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