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  • Can't get network bridging to work

    - by Antonis Christofides
    I'm trying to make network bridging to work on a Debian squeeze (I'm experimenting in order to make a QEMU/KVM virtual machine that will be visible to the outside network as if it were a distinct machine). The problem is that when I type brctl addif br0 eth0 then I lose connectivity to the network until I type brctl delif br0 eth0. More specifically, here's how my machine looks like before I do anything (essentially eth0 is listening on 147.102.160.153): root@laura:/home/anthony# ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 8c:73:6e:db:1c:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 147.102.160.153/24 brd 147.102.160.255 scope global eth0 inet6 2001:648:2000:a0:8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope global dynamic valid_lft 2591848sec preferred_lft 604648sec inet6 fe80::8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 4c:ed:de:8e:44:d7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: vboxnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 0a:00:27:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: pan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN link/ether ee:7c:88:59:d0:e8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff Now let me add the bridge: root@laura:/home/anthony# brctl addbr br0 root@laura:/home/anthony# ip tuntap add dev tap0 mode tap root@laura:/home/anthony# ip link set tap0 up root@laura:/home/anthony# brctl addif br0 tap0 Until here everything continues to work normally. Finally, I try to add eth0 to the bridge: root@laura:/home/anthony# brctl addif br0 eth0 At this point, I no longer have a network connection. If I try to ping something, it tells "Destination Host Unreachable". The output of ip addr show seems normal: root@laura:/home/anthony# ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 8c:73:6e:db:1c:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 147.102.160.153/24 brd 147.102.160.255 scope global eth0 inet6 2001:648:2000:a0:8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope global dynamic valid_lft 2591908sec preferred_lft 604708sec inet6 fe80::8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [snip wlan0, vboxnet0 and pan0, which are down and irrelevant] 8: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN link/ether 16:30:f2:67:ab:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 9: tap0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 500 link/ether 16:30:f2:67:ab:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::1430:f2ff:fe67:ab75/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Also: root@laura:/home/anthony# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 147.102.160.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 147.102.160.200 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 I can't understand what I'm doing wrong. I want the machine to continue to listen on 147.102.160.153 on eth0, and in addition to that I want to have a tap0 interface, bridged to eth0, that will be available to the guest machine so that the latter listens on another ip address (say 147.102.160.205). (If there's another way to achieve what I want, I'm also interested.)

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  • SQLExpress service unable to start Error code 17053

    - by Chris Sobolewski
    A user was instructed by their software support to upgrade a program and install SQLExpress as part of the installation process. Since that time, the service has been able to start, citing error 17053, which appears to be an authentication issue. Here is the error log: 2011-01-11 13:17:45.50 Server Microsoft SQL Server 2005 - 9.00.3042.00 (Intel X86) Feb 9 2007 22:47:07 Copyright (c) 1988-2005 Microsoft Corporation Express Edition on Windows NT 5.1 (Build 2600: Service Pack 2) 2011-01-11 13:17:45.50 Server (c) 2005 Microsoft Corporation. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.50 Server All rights reserved. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.50 Server Server process ID is 3332. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.50 Server Authentication mode is WINDOWS-ONLY. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.50 Server Logging SQL Server messages in file 'c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\LOG\ERRORLOG'. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server This instance of SQL Server last reported using a process ID of 2332 at 11/10/2010 2:15:24 PM (local) 11/10/2010 7:15:24 PM (UTC). This is an informational message only; no user action is required. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server Error: 17053, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server UpdateUptimeRegKey: Operating system error 5(Access is denied.) encountered. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server Registry startup parameters: 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server -d c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\DATA\master.mdf 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server -e c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\LOG\ERRORLOG 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server -l c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\DATA\mastlog.ldf 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server Error: 17113, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server Error 3(The system cannot find the path specified.) occurred while opening file 'c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\DATA\master.mdf' to obtain configuration information at startup. An invalid startup option might have caused the error. Verify your startup options, and correct or remove them if necessary. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server Error: 17053, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 13:17:45.52 Server UpdateUptimeRegKey: Operating system error 5(Access is denied.) encountered. 4 Server Error: 17053, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 13:08:21.34 Server UpdateUptimeRegKey: Operating system error 5(Access is denied.) encountered. 12:47:20.85 spid5s SQL Trace ID 1 was started by login "sa". 2011-01-11 12:47:20.90 spid5s Starting up database 'mssqlsystemresource'. 2011-01-11 12:47:20.93 spid5s The resource database build version is 9.00.3042. This is an informational message only. No user action is required. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.21 spid5s Error: 15466, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.21 spid5s An error occurred during decryption. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 spid8s Starting up database 'model'. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server Error: 17182, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server TDSSNIClient initialization failed with error 0x5, status code 0x90. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server Error: 17182, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server TDSSNIClient initialization failed with error 0x5, status code 0x1. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server Error: 17826, Severity: 18, State: 3. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server Could not start the network library because of an internal error in the network library. To determine the cause, review the errors immediately preceding this one in the error log. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server Error: 17120, Severity: 16, State: 1. 2011-01-11 12:47:21.38 Server SQL Server could not spawn FRunCM thread. Check the SQL Server error log and the Windows event logs for information about possible related problems. One lead I had was to change the SQL logon account from "Network Service" to "Local System". Unfortunately, that is resulting in the error message The Security ID Structure is Invalid [0x80070539] Any help either uninstalling or getting SQLExpress running would be fantastic.

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  • linux raid 1: right after replacing and syncing one drive, the other disk fails - understanding what is going on with mdstat/mdadm

    - by devicerandom
    We have an old RAID 1 Linux server (Ubuntu Lucid 10.04), with four partitions. A few days ago /dev/sdb failed, and today we noticed /dev/sda had pre-failure ominous SMART signs (~4000 reallocated sector count). We replaced /dev/sdb this morning and rebuilt the RAID on the new drive, following this guide: http://www.howtoforge.com/replacing_hard_disks_in_a_raid1_array Everything went smooth until the very end. When it looked like it was finishing to synchronize the last partition, the other old one failed. At this point I am very unsure of the state of the system. Everything seems working and the files seem to be all accessible, just as if it synchronized everything, but I'm new to RAID and I'm worried about what is going on. The /proc/mdstat output is: Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md3 : active raid1 sdb4[2](S) sda4[0] 478713792 blocks [2/1] [U_] md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[2](F) 244140992 blocks [2/1] [_U] md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[2](F) 244140992 blocks [2/1] [_U] md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[2](F) 9764800 blocks [2/1] [_U] unused devices: <none> The order of [_U] vs [U_]. Why aren't they consistent along all the array? Is the first U /dev/sda or /dev/sdb? (I tried looking on the web for this trivial information but I found no explicit indication) If I read correctly for md0, [_U] should be /dev/sda1 (down) and /dev/sdb1 (up). But if /dev/sda has failed, how can it be the opposite for md3 ? I understand /dev/sdb4 is now spare because probably it failed to synchronize it 100%, but why does it show /dev/sda4 as up? Shouldn't it be [__]? Or [_U] anyway? The /dev/sda drive now cannot even be accessed by SMART anymore apparently, so I wouldn't expect it to be up. What is wrong with my interpretation of the output? I attach also the outputs of mdadm --detail for the four partitions: /dev/md0: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:07 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 9764800 (9.31 GiB 10.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 9764800 (9.31 GiB 10.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:27:33 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : a3b4dbbd:859bf7f2:bde36644:fcef85e2 Events : 0.7704 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 1 - faulty spare /dev/sda1 /dev/md1: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:15 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:39:06 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 8bcd5765:90dc93d5:cc70849c:224ced45 Events : 0.1508280 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2 2 8 2 - faulty spare /dev/sda2 /dev/md2: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:19 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:46:44 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 2885668b:881cafed:b8275ae8:16bc7171 Events : 0.2289636 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3 2 8 3 - faulty spare /dev/sda3 /dev/md3: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:22 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 478713792 (456.54 GiB 490.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 478713792 (456.54 GiB 490.20 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 3 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:19:20 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 4 0 active sync /dev/sda4 1 0 0 1 removed 2 8 20 - spare /dev/sdb4 The active sync on /dev/sda4 baffles me. I am worried because if tomorrow morning I have to replace /dev/sda, I want to be sure what should I sync with what and what is going on. I am also quite baffled by the fact /dev/sda decided to fail exactly when the raid finished resyncing. I'd like to understand what is really happening. Thanks a lot for your patience and help. Massimo

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  • "Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation" when running android tests i

    - by Mike
    I have a module that builds an app called MyApp. I have another that builds some testcases for that app, called MyAppTests. They both build their own APKs, and they both work fine from within my IDE. I'd like to build them using ant so that I can take advantage of continuous integration. Building the app module works fine. I'm having difficulty getting the Test module to compile and run. Using Christopher's tip from a previous question, I used android create test-project -p MyAppTests -m ../MyApp -n MyAppTests to create the necessary build files to build and run my test project. This seems to work great (once I remove an unnecessary test case that it constructed for me and revert my AndroidManifest.xml to the one I was using before it got replaced by android create), but I have two problems. The first problem: The project doesn't compile because it's missing libraries. $ ant run-tests Buildfile: build.xml [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -install-tested-project: [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes -dex: [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes.dex... [echo] -package-resources: [echo] Packaging resources [aaptexec] Creating full resource package... -package-debug-sign: [apkbuilder] Creating MyApp-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key... [apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore debug: [echo] Running zip align on final apk... [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk install: [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk onto default emulator or device... [exec] 1567 KB/s (288354 bytes in 0.179s) [exec] pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyApp-debug.apk [exec] Success -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/gen [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:8: package com.google.gson does not exist [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonElement; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:9: package com.google.gson does not exist [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonParser; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:11: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class GsonTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:6: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:7: package roboguice.util does not exist [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboLooperThread; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:11: package com.google.gson does not exist [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonObject; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:15: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class HttpTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:12: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class LinksTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:5: package roboguice.util does not exist [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboAsyncTask; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:6: package roboguice.util does not exist [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboLooperThread; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:12: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class SafeAsyncTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectResource': class file for roboguice.inject.InjectResource not found [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectResource' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView': class file for roboguice.inject.InjectView not found [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:15: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonParser [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonParser parser = new JsonParser(); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:15: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonParser [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonParser parser = new JsonParser(); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:18: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonElement [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonElement e = parser.parse(s); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:20: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonElement [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonElement e2 = parser.parse(s2); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:19: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method getInstrumentation() [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] assertEquals("MyApp", getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getResources().getString(com.myapp.R.string.app_name)); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:62: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:82: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertTrue(java.lang.String,boolean) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] assertTrue(result[0], result[0].contains("Search")); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:87: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonObject [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] final JsonObject[] result = {null}; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:90: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:117: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonObject [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] final JsonObject[] result = {null}; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:120: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:27: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertTrue(boolean) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.LinksTest [javac] assertTrue(m.matches()); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:28: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(java.lang.String,java.lang.String) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.LinksTest [javac] assertEquals( map.get(url), m.group(1) ); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:19: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method getInstrumentation() [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals("MyApp", getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getString(com.myapp.R.string.app_name)); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:27: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:65: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:74: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:105: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:113: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:144: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:154: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:187: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:11: cannot access roboguice.activity.GuiceListActivity [javac] class file for roboguice.activity.GuiceListActivity not found [javac] public class StoriesTest extends ActivityUnitTestCase<Stories> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:21: cannot access roboguice.application.GuiceApplication [javac] class file for roboguice.application.GuiceApplication not found [javac] setApplication( new MyApplication( getInstrumentation().getTargetContext() ) ); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:22: incompatible types [javac] found : com.myapp.activity.Stories [javac] required: android.app.Activity [javac] final Activity activity = startActivity(intent, null, null); [javac] ^ [javac] 39 errors [javac] 6 warnings BUILD FAILED /opt/local/android-sdk-mac/platforms/android-1.6/templates/android_rules.xml:248: Compile failed; see the compiler error output for details. Total time: 24 seconds That's not a hard problem to solve. I'm not sure it's the right thing to do, but I copied the missing libraries (roboguice and gson) from the MyApp/libs directory to the MyAppTests/libs directory and everything seems to compile fine. But that leads to the second problem, which I'm currently stuck on. The tests compile fine but they won't run: $ cp ../MyApp/libs/gson-r538.jar libs/ $ cp ../MyApp/libs/roboguice-1.1-SNAPSHOT.jar libs/ 0 10:23 /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests $ ant run-testsBuildfile: build.xml [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -install-tested-project: [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes -dex: [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes.dex... [echo] -package-resources: [echo] Packaging resources [aaptexec] Creating full resource package... -package-debug-sign: [apkbuilder] Creating MyApp-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key... [apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore debug: [echo] Running zip align on final apk... [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk install: [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk onto default emulator or device... [exec] 1396 KB/s (288354 bytes in 0.201s) [exec] pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyApp-debug.apk [exec] Success -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes [javac] Note: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations. [javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details. -dex: [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes.dex... [echo] -package-resources: [echo] Packaging resources [aaptexec] Creating full resource package... -package-debug-sign: [apkbuilder] Creating MyAppTests-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key... [apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore debug: [echo] Running zip align on final apk... [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/MyAppTests-debug.apk install: [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/MyAppTests-debug.apk onto default emulator or device... [exec] 1227 KB/s (94595 bytes in 0.075s) [exec] pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyAppTests-debug.apk [exec] Success run-tests: [echo] Running tests ... [exec] [exec] android.test.suitebuilder.TestSuiteBuilder$FailedToCreateTests:INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: shortMsg=Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: longMsg=java.lang.IllegalAccessError: Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_CODE: 0 BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 38 seconds Any idea what's causing the "Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation" error?

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  • Can't build and run an android test project created using "ant create test-project" when tested proj

    - by Mike
    I have a module that builds an app called MyApp. I have another that builds some testcases for that app, called MyAppTests. They both build their own APKs, and they both work fine from within my IDE. I'd like to build them using ant so that I can take advantage of continuous integration. Building the app module works fine. I'm having difficulty getting the Test module to compile and run. Using Christopher's tip from a previous question, I used android create test-project -p MyAppTests -m ../MyApp -n MyAppTests to create the necessary build files to build and run my test project. This seems to work great (once I remove an unnecessary test case that it constructed for me and revert my AndroidManifest.xml to the one I was using before it got replaced by android create), but I have two problems. The first problem: The project doesn't compile because it's missing libraries. $ ant run-tests Buildfile: build.xml [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -install-tested-project: [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes -dex: [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes.dex... [echo] -package-resources: [echo] Packaging resources [aaptexec] Creating full resource package... -package-debug-sign: [apkbuilder] Creating MyApp-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key... [apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore debug: [echo] Running zip align on final apk... [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk install: [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk onto default emulator or device... [exec] 1567 KB/s (288354 bytes in 0.179s) [exec] pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyApp-debug.apk [exec] Success -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/gen [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:8: package com.google.gson does not exist [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonElement; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:9: package com.google.gson does not exist [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonParser; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:11: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class GsonTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:6: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:7: package roboguice.util does not exist [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboLooperThread; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:11: package com.google.gson does not exist [javac] import com.google.gson.JsonObject; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:15: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class HttpTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:12: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class LinksTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:4: package roboguice.test does not exist [javac] import roboguice.test.RoboUnitTestCase; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:5: package roboguice.util does not exist [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboAsyncTask; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:6: package roboguice.util does not exist [javac] import roboguice.util.RoboLooperThread; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:12: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol: class RoboUnitTestCase [javac] public class SafeAsyncTest extends RoboUnitTestCase<MyApplication> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectResource': class file for roboguice.inject.InjectResource not found [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectResource' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView': class file for roboguice.inject.InjectView not found [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes/com/myapp/activity/Stories.class: warning: Cannot find annotation method 'value()' in type 'roboguice.inject.InjectView' [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:15: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonParser [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonParser parser = new JsonParser(); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:15: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonParser [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonParser parser = new JsonParser(); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:18: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonElement [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonElement e = parser.parse(s); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/GsonTest.java:20: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonElement [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.GsonTest [javac] final JsonElement e2 = parser.parse(s2); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:19: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method getInstrumentation() [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] assertEquals("MyApp", getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getResources().getString(com.myapp.R.string.app_name)); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:62: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:82: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertTrue(java.lang.String,boolean) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] assertTrue(result[0], result[0].contains("Search")); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:87: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonObject [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] final JsonObject[] result = {null}; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:90: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:117: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class JsonObject [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] final JsonObject[] result = {null}; [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/HttpTest.java:120: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.HttpTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:27: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertTrue(boolean) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.LinksTest [javac] assertTrue(m.matches()); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/LinksTest.java:28: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(java.lang.String,java.lang.String) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.LinksTest [javac] assertEquals( map.get(url), m.group(1) ); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:19: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method getInstrumentation() [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals("MyApp", getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getString(com.myapp.R.string.app_name)); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:27: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:65: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:74: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:105: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:113: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:144: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:154: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : class RoboLooperThread [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] new RoboLooperThread() { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java:187: cannot find symbol [javac] symbol : method assertEquals(com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State,com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest.State) [javac] location: class com.myapp.test.SafeAsyncTest [javac] assertEquals(State.TEST_SUCCESS,state[0]); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:11: cannot access roboguice.activity.GuiceListActivity [javac] class file for roboguice.activity.GuiceListActivity not found [javac] public class StoriesTest extends ActivityUnitTestCase<Stories> { [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:21: cannot access roboguice.application.GuiceApplication [javac] class file for roboguice.application.GuiceApplication not found [javac] setApplication( new MyApplication( getInstrumentation().getTargetContext() ) ); [javac] ^ [javac] /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/StoriesTest.java:22: incompatible types [javac] found : com.myapp.activity.Stories [javac] required: android.app.Activity [javac] final Activity activity = startActivity(intent, null, null); [javac] ^ [javac] 39 errors [javac] 6 warnings BUILD FAILED /opt/local/android-sdk-mac/platforms/android-1.6/templates/android_rules.xml:248: Compile failed; see the compiler error output for details. Total time: 24 seconds That's not a hard problem to solve. I'm not sure it's the right thing to do, but I copied the missing libraries (roboguice and gson) from the MyApp/libs directory to the MyAppTests/libs directory and everything seems to compile fine. But that leads to the second problem, which I'm currently stuck on. The tests compile fine but they won't run: $ cp ../MyApp/libs/gson-r538.jar libs/ $ cp ../MyApp/libs/roboguice-1.1-SNAPSHOT.jar libs/ 0 10:23 /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests $ ant run-testsBuildfile: build.xml [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -install-tested-project: [setup] Project Target: Google APIs [setup] Vendor: Google Inc. [setup] Platform Version: 1.6 [setup] API level: 4 [setup] WARNING: No minSdkVersion value set. Application will install on all Android versions. -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes -dex: [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/classes.dex... [echo] -package-resources: [echo] Packaging resources [aaptexec] Creating full resource package... -package-debug-sign: [apkbuilder] Creating MyApp-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key... [apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore debug: [echo] Running zip align on final apk... [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk install: [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyApp/bin/MyApp-debug.apk onto default emulator or device... [exec] 1396 KB/s (288354 bytes in 0.201s) [exec] pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyApp-debug.apk [exec] Success -compile-tested-if-test: -dirs: [echo] Creating output directories if needed... -resource-src: [echo] Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources... -aidl: [echo] Compiling aidl files into Java classes... compile: [javac] Compiling 5 source files to /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes [javac] Note: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/src/com/myapp/test/SafeAsyncTest.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations. [javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details. -dex: [echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/classes.dex... [echo] -package-resources: [echo] Packaging resources [aaptexec] Creating full resource package... -package-debug-sign: [apkbuilder] Creating MyAppTests-debug-unaligned.apk and signing it with a debug key... [apkbuilder] Using keystore: /Users/mike/.android/debug.keystore debug: [echo] Running zip align on final apk... [echo] Debug Package: /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/MyAppTests-debug.apk install: [echo] Installing /Users/mike/Projects/myapp/android/MyAppTests/bin/MyAppTests-debug.apk onto default emulator or device... [exec] 1227 KB/s (94595 bytes in 0.075s) [exec] pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyAppTests-debug.apk [exec] Success run-tests: [echo] Running tests ... [exec] [exec] android.test.suitebuilder.TestSuiteBuilder$FailedToCreateTests:INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: shortMsg=Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: longMsg=java.lang.IllegalAccessError: Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_CODE: 0 BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 38 seconds Any idea what's causing the "Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation" error?

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  • How do you force Outlook 2007 to re-index it's seach on Windows XP SP 3?

    - by Aaron K
    So I have a Windows XP SP 3 machine which is running Outlook 2007. When I search in Outlook for an email that exists using a basic keyword, like say "MySQL", I get no results. However, Outlook gives me the following message: Search results may be incomplete because items are still being indexed. Click here for more details. When I click, I get the following: Outlook is currently indexing your items. Search results may be incomplete because items are still being indexed. 8783 items remaining in "Mailbox - USER" 8812 items remaining across all open mailboxes. The thing is, these are the numbers it has been reporting for several days, and Outlook is open for 8 hours a day. It does not seem like the index is working. As best I can tell, the index seemed to stop about 3 weeks ago. How can I force Outlook 2007 to re-index everything and start working properly again?

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  • What’s new in ASP.NET 4.0: Core Features

    - by Rick Strahl
    Microsoft released the .NET Runtime 4.0 and with it comes a brand spanking new version of ASP.NET – version 4.0 – which provides an incremental set of improvements to an already powerful platform. .NET 4.0 is a full release of the .NET Framework, unlike version 3.5, which was merely a set of library updates on top of the .NET Framework version 2.0. Because of this full framework revision, there has been a welcome bit of consolidation of assemblies and configuration settings. The full runtime version change to 4.0 also means that you have to explicitly pick version 4.0 of the runtime when you create a new Application Pool in IIS, unlike .NET 3.5, which actually requires version 2.0 of the runtime. In this first of two parts I'll take a look at some of the changes in the core ASP.NET runtime. In the next edition I'll go over improvements in Web Forms and Visual Studio. Core Engine Features Most of the high profile improvements in ASP.NET have to do with Web Forms, but there are a few gems in the core runtime that should make life easier for ASP.NET developers. The following list describes some of the things I've found useful among the new features. Clean web.config Files Are Back! If you've been using ASP.NET 3.5, you probably have noticed that the web.config file has turned into quite a mess of configuration settings between all the custom handler and module mappings for the various web server versions. Part of the reason for this mess is that .NET 3.5 is a collection of add-on components running on top of the .NET Runtime 2.0 and so almost all of the new features of .NET 3.5 where essentially introduced as custom modules and handlers that had to be explicitly configured in the config file. Because the core runtime didn't rev with 3.5, all those configuration options couldn't be moved up to other configuration files in the system chain. With version 4.0 a consolidation was possible, and the result is a much simpler web.config file by default. A default empty ASP.NET 4.0 Web Forms project looks like this: <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> </configuration> Need I say more? Configuration Transformation Files to Manage Configurations and Application Packaging ASP.NET 4.0 introduces the ability to create multi-target configuration files. This means it's possible to create a single configuration file that can be transformed based on relatively simple replacement rules using a Visual Studio and WebDeploy provided XSLT syntax. The idea is that you can create a 'master' configuration file and then create customized versions of this master configuration file by applying some relatively simplistic search and replace, add or remove logic to specific elements and attributes in the original file. To give you an idea, here's the example code that Visual Studio creates for a default web.Release.config file, which replaces a connection string, removes the debug attribute and replaces the CustomErrors section: <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration xmlns:xdt="http://schemas.microsoft.com/XML-Document-Transform"> <connectionStrings> <add name="MyDB" connectionString="Data Source=ReleaseSQLServer;Initial Catalog=MyReleaseDB;Integrated Security=True" xdt:Transform="SetAttributes" xdt:Locator="Match(name)"/> </connectionStrings> <system.web> <compilation xdt:Transform="RemoveAttributes(debug)" /> <customErrors defaultRedirect="GenericError.htm" mode="RemoteOnly" xdt:Transform="Replace"> <error statusCode="500" redirect="InternalError.htm"/> </customErrors> </system.web> </configuration> You can see the XSL transform syntax that drives this functionality. Basically, only the elements listed in the override file are matched and updated – all the rest of the original web.config file stays intact. Visual Studio 2010 supports this functionality directly in the project system so it's easy to create and maintain these customized configurations in the project tree. Once you're ready to publish your application, you can then use the Publish <yourWebApplication> option on the Build menu which allows publishing to disk, via FTP or to a Web Server using Web Deploy. You can also create a deployment package as a .zip file which can be used by the WebDeploy tool to configure and install the application. You can manually run the Web Deploy tool or use the IIS Manager to install the package on the server or other machine. You can find out more about WebDeploy and Packaging here: http://tinyurl.com/2anxcje. Improved Routing Routing provides a relatively simple way to create clean URLs with ASP.NET by associating a template URL path and routing it to a specific ASP.NET HttpHandler. Microsoft first introduced routing with ASP.NET MVC and then they integrated routing with a basic implementation in the core ASP.NET engine via a separate ASP.NET routing assembly. In ASP.NET 4.0, the process of using routing functionality gets a bit easier. First, routing is now rolled directly into System.Web, so no extra assembly reference is required in your projects to use routing. The RouteCollection class now includes a MapPageRoute() method that makes it easy to route to any ASP.NET Page requests without first having to implement an IRouteHandler implementation. It would have been nice if this could have been extended to serve *any* handler implementation, but unfortunately for anything but a Page derived handlers you still will have to implement a custom IRouteHandler implementation. ASP.NET Pages now include a RouteData collection that will contain route information. Retrieving route data is now a lot easier by simply using this.RouteData.Values["routeKey"] where the routeKey is the value specified in the route template (i.e., "users/{userId}" would use Values["userId"]). The Page class also has a GetRouteUrl() method that you can use to create URLs with route data values rather than hardcoding the URL: <%= this.GetRouteUrl("users",new { userId="ricks" }) %> You can also use the new Expression syntax using <%$RouteUrl %> to accomplish something similar, which can be easier to embed into Page or MVC View code: <a runat="server" href='<%$RouteUrl:RouteName=user, id=ricks %>'>Visit User</a> Finally, the Response object also includes a new RedirectToRoute() method to build a route url for redirection without hardcoding the URL. Response.RedirectToRoute("users", new { userId = "ricks" }); All of these routines are helpers that have been integrated into the core ASP.NET engine to make it easier to create routes and retrieve route data, which hopefully will result in more people taking advantage of routing in ASP.NET. To find out more about the routing improvements you can check out Dan Maharry's blog which has a couple of nice blog entries on this subject: http://tinyurl.com/37trutj and http://tinyurl.com/39tt5w5. Session State Improvements Session state is an often used and abused feature in ASP.NET and version 4.0 introduces a few enhancements geared towards making session state more efficient and to minimize at least some of the ill effects of overuse. The first improvement affects out of process session state, which is typically used in web farm environments or for sites that store application sensitive data that must survive AppDomain restarts (which in my opinion is just about any application). When using OutOfProc session state, ASP.NET serializes all the data in the session statebag into a blob that gets carried over the network and stored either in the State server or SQL Server via the Session provider. Version 4.0 provides some improvement in this serialization of the session data by offering an enableCompression option on the web.Config <Session> section, which forces the serialized session state to be compressed. Depending on the type of data that is being serialized, this compression can reduce the size of the data travelling over the wire by as much as a third. It works best on string data, but can also reduce the size of binary data. In addition, ASP.NET 4.0 now offers a way to programmatically turn session state on or off as part of the request processing queue. In prior versions, the only way to specify whether session state is available is by implementing a marker interface on the HTTP handler implementation. In ASP.NET 4.0, you can now turn session state on and off programmatically via HttpContext.Current.SetSessionStateBehavior() as part of the ASP.NET module pipeline processing as long as it occurs before the AquireRequestState pipeline event. Output Cache Provider Output caching in ASP.NET has been a very useful but potentially memory intensive feature. The default OutputCache mechanism works through in-memory storage that persists generated output based on various lifetime related parameters. While this works well enough for many intended scenarios, it also can quickly cause runaway memory consumption as the cache fills up and serves many variations of pages on your site. ASP.NET 4.0 introduces a provider model for the OutputCache module so it becomes possible to plug-in custom storage strategies for cached pages. One of the goals also appears to be to consolidate some of the different cache storage mechanisms used in .NET in general to a generic Windows AppFabric framework in the future, so various different mechanisms like OutputCache, the non-Page specific ASP.NET cache and possibly even session state eventually can use the same caching engine for storage of persisted data both in memory and out of process scenarios. For developers, the OutputCache provider feature means that you can now extend caching on your own by implementing a custom Cache provider based on the System.Web.Caching.OutputCacheProvider class. You can find more info on creating an Output Cache provider in Gunnar Peipman's blog at: http://tinyurl.com/2vt6g7l. Response.RedirectPermanent ASP.NET 4.0 includes features to issue a permanent redirect that issues as an HTTP 301 Moved Permanently response rather than the standard 302 Redirect respond. In pre-4.0 versions you had to manually create your permanent redirect by setting the Status and Status code properties – Response.RedirectPermanent() makes this operation more obvious and discoverable. There's also a Response.RedirectToRoutePermanent() which provides permanent redirection of route Urls. Preloading of Applications ASP.NET 4.0 provides a new feature to preload ASP.NET applications on startup, which is meant to provide a more consistent startup experience. If your application has a lengthy startup cycle it can appear very slow to serve data to clients while the application is warming up and loading initial resources. So rather than serve these startup requests slowly in ASP.NET 4.0, you can force the application to initialize itself first before even accepting requests for processing. This feature works only on IIS 7.5 (Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2) and works in combination with IIS. You can set up a worker process in IIS 7.5 to always be running, which starts the Application Pool worker process immediately. ASP.NET 4.0 then allows you to specify site-specific settings by setting the serverAutoStartEnabled on a particular site along with an optional serviceAutoStartProvider class that can be used to receive "startup events" when the application starts up. This event in turn can be used to configure the application and optionally pre-load cache data and other information required by the app on startup.  The configuration settings need to be made in applicationhost.config: <sites> <site name="WebApplication2" id="1"> <application path="/" serviceAutoStartEnabled="true" serviceAutoStartProvider="PreWarmup" /> </site> </sites> <serviceAutoStartProviders> <add name="PreWarmup" type="PreWarmupProvider,MyAssembly" /> </serviceAutoStartProviders> Hooking up a warm up provider is optional so you can omit the provider definition and reference. If you do define it here's what it looks like: public class PreWarmupProvider System.Web.Hosting.IProcessHostPreloadClient { public void Preload(string[] parameters) { // initialization for app } } This code fires and while it's running, ASP.NET/IIS will hold requests from hitting the pipeline. So until this code completes the application will not start taking requests. The idea is that you can perform any pre-loading of resources and cache values so that the first request will be ready to perform at optimal performance level without lag. Runtime Performance Improvements According to Microsoft, there have also been a number of invisible performance improvements in the internals of the ASP.NET runtime that should make ASP.NET 4.0 applications run more efficiently and use less resources. These features come without any change requirements in applications and are virtually transparent, except that you get the benefits by updating to ASP.NET 4.0. Summary The core feature set changes are minimal which continues a tradition of small incremental changes to the ASP.NET runtime. ASP.NET has been proven as a solid platform and I'm actually rather happy to see that most of the effort in this release went into stability, performance and usability improvements rather than a massive amount of new features. The new functionality added in 4.0 is minimal but very useful. A lot of people are still running pure .NET 2.0 applications these days and have stayed off of .NET 3.5 for some time now. I think that version 4.0 with its full .NET runtime rev and assembly and configuration consolidation will make an attractive platform for developers to update to. If you're a Web Forms developer in particular, ASP.NET 4.0 includes a host of new features in the Web Forms engine that are significant enough to warrant a quick move to .NET 4.0. I'll cover those changes in my next column. Until then, I suggest you give ASP.NET 4.0 a spin and see for yourself how the new features can help you out. © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET  

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  • Parallelism in .NET – Part 6, Declarative Data Parallelism

    - by Reed
    When working with a problem that can be decomposed by data, we have a collection, and some operation being performed upon the collection.  I’ve demonstrated how this can be parallelized using the Task Parallel Library and imperative programming using imperative data parallelism via the Parallel class.  While this provides a huge step forward in terms of power and capabilities, in many cases, special care must still be given for relative common scenarios. C# 3.0 and Visual Basic 9.0 introduced a new, declarative programming model to .NET via the LINQ Project.  When working with collections, we can now write software that describes what we want to occur without having to explicitly state how the program should accomplish the task.  By taking advantage of LINQ, many operations become much shorter, more elegant, and easier to understand and maintain.  Version 4.0 of the .NET framework extends this concept into the parallel computation space by introducing Parallel LINQ. Before we delve into PLINQ, let’s begin with a short discussion of LINQ.  LINQ, the extensions to the .NET Framework which implement language integrated query, set, and transform operations, is implemented in many flavors.  For our purposes, we are interested in LINQ to Objects.  When dealing with parallelizing a routine, we typically are dealing with in-memory data storage.  More data-access oriented LINQ variants, such as LINQ to SQL and LINQ to Entities in the Entity Framework fall outside of our concern, since the parallelism there is the concern of the data base engine processing the query itself. LINQ (LINQ to Objects in particular) works by implementing a series of extension methods, most of which work on IEnumerable<T>.  The language enhancements use these extension methods to create a very concise, readable alternative to using traditional foreach statement.  For example, let’s revisit our minimum aggregation routine we wrote in Part 4: double min = double.MaxValue; foreach(var item in collection) { double value = item.PerformComputation(); min = System.Math.Min(min, value); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Here, we’re doing a very simple computation, but writing this in an imperative style.  This can be loosely translated to English as: Create a very large number, and save it in min Loop through each item in the collection. For every item: Perform some computation, and save the result If the computation is less than min, set min to the computation Although this is fairly easy to follow, it’s quite a few lines of code, and it requires us to read through the code, step by step, line by line, in order to understand the intention of the developer. We can rework this same statement, using LINQ: double min = collection.Min(item => item.PerformComputation()); Here, we’re after the same information.  However, this is written using a declarative programming style.  When we see this code, we’d naturally translate this to English as: Save the Min value of collection, determined via calling item.PerformComputation() That’s it – instead of multiple logical steps, we have one single, declarative request.  This makes the developer’s intentions very clear, and very easy to follow.  The system is free to implement this using whatever method required. Parallel LINQ (PLINQ) extends LINQ to Objects to support parallel operations.  This is a perfect fit in many cases when you have a problem that can be decomposed by data.  To show this, let’s again refer to our minimum aggregation routine from Part 4, but this time, let’s review our final, parallelized version: // Safe, and fast! double min = double.MaxValue; // Make a "lock" object object syncObject = new object(); Parallel.ForEach( collection, // First, we provide a local state initialization delegate. () => double.MaxValue, // Next, we supply the body, which takes the original item, loop state, // and local state, and returns a new local state (item, loopState, localState) => { double value = item.PerformComputation(); return System.Math.Min(localState, value); }, // Finally, we provide an Action<TLocal>, to "merge" results together localState => { // This requires locking, but it's only once per used thread lock(syncObj) min = System.Math.Min(min, localState); } ); Here, we’re doing the same computation as above, but fully parallelized.  Describing this in English becomes quite a feat: Create a very large number, and save it in min Create a temporary object we can use for locking Call Parallel.ForEach, specifying three delegates For the first delegate: Initialize a local variable to hold the local state to a very large number For the second delegate: For each item in the collection, perform some computation, save the result If the result is less than our local state, save the result in local state For the final delegate: Take a lock on our temporary object to protect our min variable Save the min of our min and local state variables Although this solves our problem, and does it in a very efficient way, we’ve created a set of code that is quite a bit more difficult to understand and maintain. PLINQ provides us with a very nice alternative.  In order to use PLINQ, we need to learn one new extension method that works on IEnumerable<T> – ParallelEnumerable.AsParallel(). That’s all we need to learn in order to use PLINQ: one single method.  We can write our minimum aggregation in PLINQ very simply: double min = collection.AsParallel().Min(item => item.PerformComputation()); By simply adding “.AsParallel()” to our LINQ to Objects query, we converted this to using PLINQ and running this computation in parallel!  This can be loosely translated into English easily, as well: Process the collection in parallel Get the Minimum value, determined by calling PerformComputation on each item Here, our intention is very clear and easy to understand.  We just want to perform the same operation we did in serial, but run it “as parallel”.  PLINQ completely extends LINQ to Objects: the entire functionality of LINQ to Objects is available.  By simply adding a call to AsParallel(), we can specify that a collection should be processed in parallel.  This is simple, safe, and incredibly useful.

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  • SignalR Auto Disconnect when Page Changed in AngularJS

    - by Shaun
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/shaunxu/archive/2014/05/30/signalr-auto-disconnect-when-page-changed-in-angularjs.aspxIf we are using SignalR, the connection lifecycle was handled by itself very well. For example when we connect to SignalR service from browser through SignalR JavaScript Client the connection will be established. And if we refresh the page, close the tab or browser, or navigate to another URL then the connection will be closed automatically. This information had been well documented here. In a browser, SignalR client code that maintains a SignalR connection runs in the JavaScript context of a web page. That's why the SignalR connection has to end when you navigate from one page to another, and that's why you have multiple connections with multiple connection IDs if you connect from multiple browser windows or tabs. When the user closes a browser window or tab, or navigates to a new page or refreshes the page, the SignalR connection immediately ends because SignalR client code handles that browser event for you and calls the "Stop" method. But unfortunately this behavior doesn't work if we are using SignalR with AngularJS. AngularJS is a single page application (SPA) framework created by Google. It hijacks browser's address change event, based on the route table user defined, launch proper view and controller. Hence in AngularJS we address was changed but the web page still there. All changes of the page content are triggered by Ajax. So there's no page unload and load events. This is the reason why SignalR cannot handle disconnect correctly when works with AngularJS. If we dig into the source code of SignalR JavaScript Client source code we will find something below. It monitors the browser page "unload" and "beforeunload" event and send the "stop" message to server to terminate connection. But in AngularJS page change events were hijacked, so SignalR will not receive them and will not stop the connection. 1: // wire the stop handler for when the user leaves the page 2: _pageWindow.bind("unload", function () { 3: connection.log("Window unloading, stopping the connection."); 4:  5: connection.stop(asyncAbort); 6: }); 7:  8: if (isFirefox11OrGreater) { 9: // Firefox does not fire cross-domain XHRs in the normal unload handler on tab close. 10: // #2400 11: _pageWindow.bind("beforeunload", function () { 12: // If connection.stop() runs runs in beforeunload and fails, it will also fail 13: // in unload unless connection.stop() runs after a timeout. 14: window.setTimeout(function () { 15: connection.stop(asyncAbort); 16: }, 0); 17: }); 18: }   Problem Reproduce In the codes below I created a very simple example to demonstrate this issue. Here is the SignalR server side code. 1: public class GreetingHub : Hub 2: { 3: public override Task OnConnected() 4: { 5: Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Connected: {0}", Context.ConnectionId)); 6: return base.OnConnected(); 7: } 8:  9: public override Task OnDisconnected() 10: { 11: Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Disconnected: {0}", Context.ConnectionId)); 12: return base.OnDisconnected(); 13: } 14:  15: public void Hello(string user) 16: { 17: Clients.All.hello(string.Format("Hello, {0}!", user)); 18: } 19: } Below is the configuration code which hosts SignalR hub in an ASP.NET WebAPI project with IIS Express. 1: public class Startup 2: { 3: public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app) 4: { 5: app.Map("/signalr", map => 6: { 7: map.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll); 8: map.RunSignalR(new HubConfiguration() 9: { 10: EnableJavaScriptProxies = false 11: }); 12: }); 13: } 14: } Since we will host AngularJS application in Node.js in another process and port, the SignalR connection will be cross domain. So I need to enable CORS above. In client side I have a Node.js file to host AngularJS application as a web server. You can use any web server you like such as IIS, Apache, etc.. Below is the "index.html" page which contains a navigation bar so that I can change the page/state. As you can see I added jQuery, AngularJS, SignalR JavaScript Client Library as well as my AngularJS entry source file "app.js". 1: <html data-ng-app="demo"> 2: <head> 3: <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-2.1.0.js"></script> 1:  2: <script type="text/javascript" src="angular.js"> 1: </script> 2: <script type="text/javascript" src="angular-ui-router.js"> 1: </script> 2: <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.signalR-2.0.3.js"> 1: </script> 2: <script type="text/javascript" src="app.js"></script> 4: </head> 5: <body> 6: <h1>SignalR Auto Disconnect with AngularJS by Shaun</h1> 7: <div> 8: <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-ui-sref="view1">View 1</a> | 9: <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-ui-sref="view2">View 2</a> 10: </div> 11: <div data-ui-view></div> 12: </body> 13: </html> Below is the "app.js". My SignalR logic was in the "View1" page and it will connect to server once the controller was executed. User can specify a user name and send to server, all clients that located in this page will receive the server side greeting message through SignalR. 1: 'use strict'; 2:  3: var app = angular.module('demo', ['ui.router']); 4:  5: app.config(['$stateProvider', '$locationProvider', function ($stateProvider, $locationProvider) { 6: $stateProvider.state('view1', { 7: url: '/view1', 8: templateUrl: 'view1.html', 9: controller: 'View1Ctrl' }); 10:  11: $stateProvider.state('view2', { 12: url: '/view2', 13: templateUrl: 'view2.html', 14: controller: 'View2Ctrl' }); 15:  16: $locationProvider.html5Mode(true); 17: }]); 18:  19: app.value('$', $); 20: app.value('endpoint', 'http://localhost:60448'); 21: app.value('hub', 'GreetingHub'); 22:  23: app.controller('View1Ctrl', function ($scope, $, endpoint, hub) { 24: $scope.user = ''; 25: $scope.response = ''; 26:  27: $scope.greeting = function () { 28: proxy.invoke('Hello', $scope.user) 29: .done(function () {}) 30: .fail(function (error) { 31: console.log(error); 32: }); 33: }; 34:  35: var connection = $.hubConnection(endpoint); 36: var proxy = connection.createHubProxy(hub); 37: proxy.on('hello', function (response) { 38: $scope.$apply(function () { 39: $scope.response = response; 40: }); 41: }); 42: connection.start() 43: .done(function () { 44: console.log('signlar connection established'); 45: }) 46: .fail(function (error) { 47: console.log(error); 48: }); 49: }); 50:  51: app.controller('View2Ctrl', function ($scope, $) { 52: }); When we went to View1 the server side "OnConnect" method will be invoked as below. And in any page we send the message to server, all clients will got the response. If we close one of the client, the server side "OnDisconnect" method will be invoked which is correct. But is we click "View 2" link in the page "OnDisconnect" method will not be invoked even though the content and browser address had been changed. This might cause many SignalR connections remain between the client and server. Below is what happened after I clicked "View 1" and "View 2" links four times. As you can see there are 4 live connections.   Solution Since the reason of this issue is because, AngularJS hijacks the page event that SignalR need to stop the connection, we can handle AngularJS route or state change event and stop SignalR connect manually. In the code below I moved the "connection" variant to global scope, added a handler to "$stateChangeStart" and invoked "stop" method of "connection" if its state was not "disconnected". 1: var connection; 2: app.run(['$rootScope', function ($rootScope) { 3: $rootScope.$on('$stateChangeStart', function () { 4: if (connection && connection.state && connection.state !== 4 /* disconnected */) { 5: console.log('signlar connection abort'); 6: connection.stop(); 7: } 8: }); 9: }]); Now if we refresh the page and navigated to View 1, the connection will be opened. At this state if we clicked "View 2" link the content will be changed and the SignalR connection will be closed automatically.   Summary In this post I demonstrated an issue when we are using SignalR with AngularJS. The connection cannot be closed automatically when we navigate to other page/state in AngularJS. And the solution I mentioned below is to move the SignalR connection as a global variant and close it manually when AngularJS route/state changed. You can download the full sample code here. Moving the SignalR connection as a global variant might not be a best solution. It's just for easy to demo here. In production code I suggest wrapping all SignalR operations into an AngularJS factory. Since AngularJS factory is a singleton object, we can safely put the connection variant in the factory function scope.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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  • Add collison detection to enemy sprites?

    - by xBroak
    i'd like to add the same collision detection used by the player sprite to the enemy sprites or 'creeps' ive added all the relevant code I can see yet collisons are still not being detected and handled, please find below the class, I have no idea what is wrong currently, the list of walls to collide with is 'wall_list' import pygame import pauseScreen as dm import re from pygame.sprite import Sprite from pygame import Rect, Color from random import randint, choice from vec2d import vec2d from simpleanimation import SimpleAnimation import displattxt black = (0,0,0) white = (255,255,255) blue = (0,0,255) green = (101,194,151) global currentEditTool currentEditTool = "Tree" global editMap editMap = False open('MapMaker.txt', 'w').close() def draw_background(screen, tile_img): screen.fill(black) img_rect = tile_img.get_rect() global rect rect = img_rect nrows = int(screen.get_height() / img_rect.height) + 1 ncols = int(screen.get_width() / img_rect.width) + 1 for y in range(nrows): for x in range(ncols): img_rect.topleft = (x * img_rect.width, y * img_rect.height) screen.blit(tile_img, img_rect) def changeTool(): if currentEditTool == "Tree": None elif currentEditTool == "Rock": None def pauseGame(): red = 255, 0, 0 green = 0,255, 0 blue = 0, 0,255 screen.fill(black) pygame.display.update() if editMap == False: choose = dm.dumbmenu(screen, [ 'Resume', 'Enable Map Editor', 'Quit Game'], 64,64,None,32,1.4,green,red) if choose == 0: print("hi") elif choose ==1: global editMap editMap = True elif choose ==2: print("bob") elif choose ==3: print("bob") elif choose ==4: print("bob") else: None else: choose = dm.dumbmenu(screen, [ 'Resume', 'Disable Map Editor', 'Quit Game'], 64,64,None,32,1.4,green,red) if choose == 0: print("Resume") elif choose ==1: print("Dis ME") global editMap editMap = False elif choose ==2: print("bob") elif choose ==3: print("bob") elif choose ==4: print("bob") else: None class Wall(pygame.sprite.Sprite): # Constructor function def __init__(self,x,y,width,height): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.Surface([width, height]) self.image.fill(green) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x class insertTree(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self,x,y,width,height, typ): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.image.load("images/map/tree.png").convert() self.image.set_colorkey(white) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x class insertRock(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self,x,y,width,height, typ): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.image.load("images/map/rock.png").convert() self.image.set_colorkey(white) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x class Creep(pygame.sprite.Sprite): """ A creep sprite that bounces off walls and changes its direction from time to time. """ change_x=0 change_y=0 def __init__( self, screen, creep_image, explosion_images, field, init_position, init_direction, speed): """ Create a new Creep. screen: The screen on which the creep lives (must be a pygame Surface object, such as pygame.display) creep_image: Image (surface) object for the creep explosion_images: A list of image objects for the explosion animation. field: A Rect specifying the 'playing field' boundaries. The Creep will bounce off the 'walls' of this field. init_position: A vec2d or a pair specifying the initial position of the creep on the screen. init_direction: A vec2d or a pair specifying the initial direction of the creep. Must have an angle that is a multiple of 45 degres. speed: Creep speed, in pixels/millisecond (px/ms) """ Sprite.__init__(self) self.screen = screen self.speed = speed self.field = field self.rect = creep_image.get_rect() # base_image holds the original image, positioned to # angle 0. # image will be rotated. # self.base_image = creep_image self.image = self.base_image self.explosion_images = explosion_images # A vector specifying the creep's position on the screen # self.pos = vec2d(init_position) # The direction is a normalized vector # self.direction = vec2d(init_direction).normalized() self.state = Creep.ALIVE self.health = 15 def is_alive(self): return self.state in (Creep.ALIVE, Creep.EXPLODING) def changespeed(self,x,y): self.change_x+=x self.change_y+=y def update(self, time_passed, walls): """ Update the creep. time_passed: The time passed (in ms) since the previous update. """ if self.state == Creep.ALIVE: # Maybe it's time to change the direction ? # self._change_direction(time_passed) # Make the creep point in the correct direction. # Since our direction vector is in screen coordinates # (i.e. right bottom is 1, 1), and rotate() rotates # counter-clockwise, the angle must be inverted to # work correctly. # self.image = pygame.transform.rotate( self.base_image, -self.direction.angle) # Compute and apply the displacement to the position # vector. The displacement is a vector, having the angle # of self.direction (which is normalized to not affect # the magnitude of the displacement) # displacement = vec2d( self.direction.x * self.speed * time_passed, self.direction.y * self.speed * time_passed) self.pos += displacement # When the image is rotated, its size is changed. # We must take the size into account for detecting # collisions with the walls. # self.image_w, self.image_h = self.image.get_size() bounds_rect = self.field.inflate( -self.image_w, -self.image_h) if self.pos.x < bounds_rect.left: self.pos.x = bounds_rect.left self.direction.x *= -1 elif self.pos.x > bounds_rect.right: self.pos.x = bounds_rect.right self.direction.x *= -1 elif self.pos.y < bounds_rect.top: self.pos.y = bounds_rect.top self.direction.y *= -1 elif self.pos.y > bounds_rect.bottom: self.pos.y = bounds_rect.bottom self.direction.y *= -1 # collision detection old_x=bounds_rect.left new_x=old_x+self.direction.x bounds_rect.left = new_x # hit a wall? collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes bounds_rect.left=old_x old_y=self.pos.y new_y=old_y+self.direction.y self.pos.y = new_y collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes self.pos.y=old_y elif self.state == Creep.EXPLODING: if self.explode_animation.active: self.explode_animation.update(time_passed) else: self.state = Creep.DEAD self.kill() elif self.state == Creep.DEAD: pass #------------------ PRIVATE PARTS ------------------# # States the creep can be in. # # ALIVE: The creep is roaming around the screen # EXPLODING: # The creep is now exploding, just a moment before dying. # DEAD: The creep is dead and inactive # (ALIVE, EXPLODING, DEAD) = range(3) _counter = 0 def _change_direction(self, time_passed): """ Turn by 45 degrees in a random direction once per 0.4 to 0.5 seconds. """ self._counter += time_passed if self._counter > randint(400, 500): self.direction.rotate(45 * randint(-1, 1)) self._counter = 0 def _point_is_inside(self, point): """ Is the point (given as a vec2d) inside our creep's body? """ img_point = point - vec2d( int(self.pos.x - self.image_w / 2), int(self.pos.y - self.image_h / 2)) try: pix = self.image.get_at(img_point) return pix[3] > 0 except IndexError: return False def _decrease_health(self, n): """ Decrease my health by n (or to 0, if it's currently less than n) """ self.health = max(0, self.health - n) if self.health == 0: self._explode() def _explode(self): """ Starts the explosion animation that ends the Creep's life. """ self.state = Creep.EXPLODING pos = ( self.pos.x - self.explosion_images[0].get_width() / 2, self.pos.y - self.explosion_images[0].get_height() / 2) self.explode_animation = SimpleAnimation( self.screen, pos, self.explosion_images, 100, 300) global remainingCreeps remainingCreeps-=1 if remainingCreeps == 0: print("all dead") def draw(self): """ Blit the creep onto the screen that was provided in the constructor. """ if self.state == Creep.ALIVE: # The creep image is placed at self.pos. To allow for # smooth movement even when the creep rotates and the # image size changes, its placement is always # centered. # self.draw_rect = self.image.get_rect().move( self.pos.x - self.image_w / 2, self.pos.y - self.image_h / 2) self.screen.blit(self.image, self.draw_rect) # The health bar is 15x4 px. # health_bar_x = self.pos.x - 7 health_bar_y = self.pos.y - self.image_h / 2 - 6 self.screen.fill( Color('red'), (health_bar_x, health_bar_y, 15, 4)) self.screen.fill( Color('green'), ( health_bar_x, health_bar_y, self.health, 4)) elif self.state == Creep.EXPLODING: self.explode_animation.draw() elif self.state == Creep.DEAD: pass def mouse_click_event(self, pos): """ The mouse was clicked in pos. """ if self._point_is_inside(vec2d(pos)): self._decrease_health(3) #begin new player class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): change_x=0 change_y=0 frame = 0 def __init__(self,x,y): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) # LOAD PLATER IMAGES # Set height, width self.images = [] for i in range(1,17): img = pygame.image.load("images/player/" + str(i)+".png").convert() #player images img.set_colorkey(white) self.images.append(img) self.image = self.images[0] self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x self.health = 15 self.image_w, self.image_h = self.image.get_size() health_bar_x = self.rect.x - 7 health_bar_y = self.rect.y - self.image_h / 2 - 6 screen.fill( Color('red'), (health_bar_x, health_bar_y, 15, 4)) screen.fill( Color('green'), ( health_bar_x, health_bar_y, self.health, 4)) def changespeed(self,x,y): self.change_x+=x self.change_y+=y def _decrease_health(self, n): """ Decrease my health by n (or to 0, if it's currently less than n) """ self.health = max(0, self.health - n) if self.health == 0: self._explode() def update(self,walls): # collision detection old_x=self.rect.x new_x=old_x+self.change_x self.rect.x = new_x # hit a wall? collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes self.rect.x=old_x old_y=self.rect.y new_y=old_y+self.change_y self.rect.y = new_y collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes self.rect.y=old_y # right to left if self.change_x < 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 # Grab the image, divide by 4 # every 4 frames. self.image = self.images[self.frame//4] # Move left to right. # images 4...7 instead of 0...3. if self.change_x > 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 self.image = self.images[self.frame//4+4] if self.change_y > 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 self.image = self.images[self.frame//4+4+4] if self.change_y < 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 self.image = self.images[self.frame//4+4+4+4] score = 0 # initialize pyGame pygame.init() # 800x600 sized screen global screen screen = pygame.display.set_mode([800, 600]) screen.fill(black) #bg_tile_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/grass.png').convert_alpha() #draw_background(screen, bg_tile_img) #pygame.display.flip() # Set title pygame.display.set_caption('Test') #background = pygame.Surface(screen.get_size()) #background = background.convert() #background.fill(black) # Create the player player = Player( 50,50 ) player.rect.x=50 player.rect.y=50 movingsprites = pygame.sprite.RenderPlain() movingsprites.add(player) # Make the walls. (x_pos, y_pos, width, height) global wall_list wall_list=pygame.sprite.RenderPlain() wall=Wall(0,0,10,600) # left wall wall_list.add(wall) wall=Wall(10,0,790,10) # top wall wall_list.add(wall) #wall=Wall(10,200,100,10) # poke wall wall_list.add(wall) wall=Wall(790,0,10,600) #(x,y,thickness, height) wall_list.add(wall) wall=Wall(10,590,790,10) #(x,y,thickness, height) wall_list.add(wall) f = open('MapMaker.txt') num_lines = sum(1 for line in f) print(num_lines) lineCount = 0 with open("MapMaker.txt") as infile: for line in infile: f = open('MapMaker.txt') print(line) coords = line.split(',') #print(coords[0]) #print(coords[1]) #print(coords[2]) #print(coords[3]) #print(coords[4]) if "tree" in line: print("tree in") wall=insertTree(int(coords[0]),int(coords[1]), int(coords[2]),int(coords[3]),coords[4]) wall_list.add(wall) elif "rock" in line: print("rock in") wall=insertRock(int(coords[0]),int(coords[1]), int(coords[2]),int(coords[3]),coords[4] ) wall_list.add(wall) width = 20 height = 540 height = height - 48 for i in range(0,23): width = width + 32 name = insertTree(width,540,790,10,"tree") #wall_list.add(name) name = insertTree(width,height,690,10,"tree") #wall_list.add(name) CREEP_SPAWN_TIME = 200 # frames creep_spawn = CREEP_SPAWN_TIME clock = pygame.time.Clock() bg_tile_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/grass.png').convert() img_rect = bg_tile_img FIELD_RECT = Rect(50, 50, 700, 500) CREEP_FILENAMES = [ 'images/player/1.png', 'images/player/1.png', 'images/player/1.png'] N_CREEPS = 3 creep_images = [ pygame.image.load(filename).convert_alpha() for filename in CREEP_FILENAMES] explosion_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/tree.png').convert_alpha() explosion_images = [ explosion_img, pygame.transform.rotate(explosion_img, 90)] creeps = pygame.sprite.RenderPlain() done = False #bg_tile_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/grass.png').convert() #draw_background(screen, bg_tile_img) totalCreeps = 0 remainingCreeps = 3 while done == False: creep_images = pygame.image.load("images/player/1.png").convert() creep_images.set_colorkey(white) draw_background(screen, bg_tile_img) if len(creeps) != N_CREEPS: if totalCreeps < N_CREEPS: totalCreeps = totalCreeps + 1 print(totalCreeps) creeps.add( Creep( screen=screen, creep_image=creep_images, explosion_images=explosion_images, field=FIELD_RECT, init_position=( randint(FIELD_RECT.left, FIELD_RECT.right), randint(FIELD_RECT.top, FIELD_RECT.bottom)), init_direction=(choice([-1, 1]), choice([-1, 1])), speed=0.01)) for creep in creeps: creep.update(60,wall_list) creep.draw() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: done=True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: player.changespeed(-2,0) creep.changespeed(-2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: player.changespeed(2,0) creep.changespeed(2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_UP: player.changespeed(0,-2) creep.changespeed(0,-2) if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: player.changespeed(0,2) creep.changespeed(0,2) if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pauseGame() if event.key == pygame.K_1: global currentEditTool currentEditTool = "Tree" changeTool() if event.key == pygame.K_2: global currentEditTool currentEditTool = "Rock" changeTool() if event.type == pygame.KEYUP: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: player.changespeed(2,0) creep.changespeed(2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: player.changespeed(-2,0) creep.changespeed(-2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_UP: player.changespeed(0,2) creep.changespeed(0,2) if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: player.changespeed(0,-2) creep.changespeed(0,-2) if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]: for creep in creeps: creep.mouse_click_event(pygame.mouse.get_pos()) if editMap == True: x,y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() if currentEditTool == "Tree": name = insertTree(x-10,y-25, 10 , 10, "tree") wall_list.add(name) wall_list.draw(screen) f = open('MapMaker.txt', "a+") image = pygame.image.load("images/map/tree.png").convert() screen.blit(image, (30,10)) pygame.display.flip() f.write(str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10, tree\n") #f.write("wall=insertTree(" + str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10)\nwall_list.add(wall)\n") elif currentEditTool == "Rock": name = insertRock(x-10,y-25, 10 , 10,"rock") wall_list.add(name) wall_list.draw(screen) f = open('MapMaker.txt', "a+") f.write(str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10,rock\n") #f.write("wall=insertRock(" + str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10)\nwall_list.add(wall)\n") else: None #pygame.display.flip() player.update(wall_list) movingsprites.draw(screen) wall_list.draw(screen) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(60) pygame.quit()

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  • Linux IPTables / routing issue

    - by Jon
    Hi all, EDIT 1/3/10 22:00 GMT - rewrote some of it after further investigation It has been a while since I looked at IPtables and I seem to be worse than before as I can not seem to get my webserver online. Below is my firewall rules on the gateway server that is running the dhcp server accessing the net. The webserver is inside my network on a static IP (192.168.0.98, default port). When I use Nmap or GRC.com I see that port 80 is open on the gateway server but when I browse to it, (via public URL. http://www.houseofhawkins.com) it always fails with a connection error, (nmap cannot connect and figure out what the web server is either). I can nmap the webserver and browse to it just fine via same IP inside my network. I believe it is my IPTable rules that are not letting it through. Internally I can route all my requests. Each machine can browse to the website and traffic works just fine. I can MSTSC / ssh to all the webservers internally and they inturn can connect to the web. IPTABLE: *EDIT - Added new firewall rules 2/3/10 * #!/bin/sh iptables="/sbin/iptables" modprobe="/sbin/modprobe" depmod="/sbin/depmod" EXTIF="eth2" INTIF="eth1" load () { $depmod -a $modprobe ip_tables $modprobe ip_conntrack $modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp $modprobe ip_conntrack_irc $modprobe iptable_nat $modprobe ip_nat_ftp echo "enable forwarding.." echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo "enable dynamic addr" echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr # start firewall # default policies $iptables -P INPUT DROP $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P OUTPUT DROP $iptables -F OUTPUT $iptables -P FORWARD DROP $iptables -F FORWARD $iptables -t nat -F #echo " Opening loopback interface for socket based services." $iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #echo " Allow all connections OUT and only existing and related ones IN" $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $EXTIF -o $INTIF -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $INTIF -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A INPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A OUTPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " #echo " Enabling SNAT (MASQUERADE) functionality on $EXTIF" $iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $EXTIF -j MASQUERADE $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -j ACCEPT #echo " Allowing packets with ICMP data (i.e. ping)." $iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $INTIF --dport 67 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT #echo " Port 137 is for NetBIOS." $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT #echo " Opening port 53 for DNS queries." $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $EXTIF --sport 53 -j ACCEPT #echo " opening Apache webserver" $iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i $EXTIF -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.96:80 $iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -m state --state NEW -d 192.168.0.96 --dport 80 -j ACCEPT } flush () { echo "flushing rules..." $iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT echo "rules flushed" } case "$1" in start|restart) flush load ;; stop) flush ;; *) echo "usage: start|stop|restart." ;; esac exit 0 route info: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 5e0412a6.bb.sky * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 default 5e0412a6.bb.sky 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth2 ifconfig: eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:22:b0:cf:4a:1c inet addr:192.168.0.1 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::222:b0ff:fecf:4a1c/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:79023 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:57786 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:11580918 (11.5 MB) TX bytes:22872030 (22.8 MB) Interrupt:17 Base address:0x2b00 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:f1:7c:45:5b inet addr:94.4.18.166 Bcast:94.4.18.166 Mask:255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:f1ff:fe7c:455b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:57038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:34532 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:21631721 (21.6 MB) TX bytes:7685444 (7.6 MB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) TX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) EDIT OK so as requested I will try and expand on my infrastructure: I previously had it setup with a Sky broadband modem router that did the DHCP and I used its web interface to port forward the web across to the web server. The network looked something like this: I have now replaced the sky modem with a dlink modem which gives the IP to the gateway server that now does the DHCP. It looks like: The internet connection is a standard broadband connection with a dynamic IP, (use zoneedit.com to keep it updated). I have tried it on each of the webservers(one Ubuntu Apache server and one WS2008 IIS7). I think there must also be an issue with my IPTable rules as it can route to my win7 box which has the default IIS7 page and that would not display when I forwarded all port 80 to it. I would be really grateful for any and all help with this. Thanks Jon

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  • Joomla Sub-Menu Won't Expand

    - by Ben Gribaudo
    Hello, The popular items menu on www.nfpn.org (displayed in right side bar) has sub-menu items defined. When someone navigates to a top-level page that's represented in that menu, I'd like for the child items to be displayed. I've played with various mod_mainmenu settings for that menu (in the modules section) without success. How would I get the appropriate sub-menu to expand? I'm using Joomla 1.5.21. Thank you, Ben

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  • LightDM will not start after stopping it

    - by Sweeters
    I am running Ubuntu 11.10 "Oneiric Ocelot", and in trying to install the nvidia CUDA developer drivers I switched to a virtual terminal (Ctrl-Alt-F5) and stopped lightdm (installation required that no X server instance be running) through sudo service lightdm stop. Re-starting lightdm with sudo service lightdm start did not work: A couple of * Starting [...] lines where displayed, but the process hanged. (I do not remember at which point, but I think it was * Starting System V runlevel compatibility. I manually rebooted my laptop, and ever since booting seems to hang, usually around the * Starting anac(h)ronistic cron [OK] log line (not consistently at that point, though). From that point on, I seem to be able to interact with my system only through a tty session (Ctrl-Alt-F1). I've tried purging and reinstalling both lightdm and gdm, as well as selecting both as the default display managers (through sudo dpkg-reconfigure [lightdm / gdm] or by manually editing /etc/X11/default-display-manager) through both apt-get and aptitude (that shouldn't make a difference anyway) after updating the packages, but the problem persists. Some of the responses I'm getting are the following: After running sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm (but not ... gdm) I get the following message: dpkg-maintscript-helper:warning: environment variable DPKG_MATINSCRIPT_NAME missing dpkg-maintscript-helper:warning: environment variable DPKG_MATINSCRIPT_PACKAGE missing After trying sudo service lightdm start or sudo start lightdm I get to see the boot loading screen again but nothing changes. If I go back to the tty shell I see lightdm start/running, process <num> but ps -e | grep lightdm gives no output. After trying sudo service gdm start or sudo starg gdm I get the gdm start/running, process <num> message, and gdm-binary is supposedly an active process, but all that happens is that the screen blinks a couple of times and nothing else. Other candidate solutions that I'd found on the web included running startx but when I try that I get an error output [...] Fatal server error: no screens found [...]. Moreover, I made sure that lightdm-gtk-greeter is installed but that did not help either. Please excuse my not including complete outputs/logs; I am writing this post from another computer and it's hard to manually copy the complete logs. Also, I've seen several posts that had to do with similar problems, but either there was no fix, or the one suggested did not work for me. In closing: Please help! I very much hope to avoid re-installing Ubuntu from scratch! :) Alex @mosi I did not manage to fix the NVIDIA kernel driver as per your instructions. I should perhaps mention that I'm on a Dell XPS15 laptop with an NVIDIA Optimus graphics card, and that I have bumblebee installed (which installs nvidia drivers during its installation, I believe). Issuing the mentioned commands I get the following: ~$uname -r 3.0.0-12-generic ~$lsmod | grep -i nvidia nvidia 11713772 0 ~$dmesg | grep -i nvidia [ 8.980041] nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel. [ 9.354860] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: power state changed by ACPI to D0 [ 9.354864] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: power state changed by ACPI to D0 [ 9.354868] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: enabling device (0006 -> 0007) [ 9.354873] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 9.354879] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 9.355052] NVRM: loading NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module 280.13 Wed Jul 27 16:53:56 PDT 2011 Also, running aptitude search nvidia gives me the following: p nvidia-173 - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver, kernel module a p nvidia-173-dev - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver development file p nvidia-173-updates - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver, kernel module a p nvidia-173-updates-dev - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver development file p nvidia-96 - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver, kernel module a p nvidia-96-dev - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver development file p nvidia-96-updates - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver, kernel module a p nvidia-96-updates-dev - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver development file p nvidia-cg-toolkit - Cg Toolkit - GPU Shader Authoring Language p nvidia-common - Find obsolete NVIDIA drivers i nvidia-current - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver, kernel module a p nvidia-current-dev - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver development file c nvidia-current-updates - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver, kernel module a p nvidia-current-updates-dev - NVIDIA binary Xorg driver development file i nvidia-settings - Tool of configuring the NVIDIA graphics dr p nvidia-settings-updates - Tool of configuring the NVIDIA graphics dr v nvidia-va-driver - v nvidia-va-driver - I've tried manually installing (sudo aptitude install <package>) packages nvidia-common and nvidia-settings-updates but to no avail. For example, sudo aptitude install nvidia-settings-updates returns the following log: Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... Reading extended state information... Initializing package states... Writing extended state information... No packages will be installed, upgraded, or removed. 0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 83 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B of archives. After unpacking 0 B will be used. Writing extended state information... Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... Reading extended state information... Initializing package states... Writing extended state information... The same happens with the Linux headers (i.e. I cannot seem to be able to install linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic). The output of aptitude search linux-headers is as follows: v linux-headers - v linux-headers - v linux-headers-2.6 - i linux-headers-2.6.38-11 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi i linux-headers-2.6.38-11-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 2.6.38 on i A linux-headers-2.6.38-8 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi i A linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 2.6.38 on v linux-headers-3 - v linux-headers-3.0 - v linux-headers-3.0 - i A linux-headers-3.0.0-12 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi p linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 3.0.0 on p linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic- - Linux kernel headers for version 3.0.0 on p linux-headers-3.0.0-12-server - Linux kernel headers for version 3.0.0 on p linux-headers-3.0.0-12-virtual - Linux kernel headers for version 3.0.0 on p linux-headers-generic - Generic Linux kernel headers p linux-headers-generic-pae - Generic Linux kernel headers v linux-headers-lbm - v linux-headers-lbm - v linux-headers-lbm-2.6 - v linux-headers-lbm-2.6 - p linux-headers-lbm-3.0.0-12-gene - Header files related to linux-backports-mo p linux-headers-lbm-3.0.0-12-gene - Header files related to linux-backports-mo p linux-headers-lbm-3.0.0-12-serv - Header files related to linux-backports-mo p linux-headers-server - Linux kernel headers on Server Equipment. p linux-headers-virtual - Linux kernel headers for virtual machines @heartsmagic I did try purging and reinstalling any nvidia driver packages, but it did not seem to make a difference, My xorg.conf file contains the following: # nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig # nvidia-xconfig: version 280.13 ([email protected]) Wed Jul 27 17:15:58 PDT 2011 Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0 InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" EndSection Section "Files" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from default Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/psaux" Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from default Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "Unknown" HorizSync 28.0 - 33.0 VertRefresh 43.0 - 72.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device0" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Device0" Monitor "Monitor0" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection

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  • TFS API-Process Template currently applied to the Team Project

    - by Tarun Arora
    Download Demo Solution - here In this blog post I’ll show you how to use the TFS API to get the name of the Process Template that is currently applied to the Team Project. You can also download the demo solution attached, I’ve tested this solution against TFS 2010 and TFS 2011.    1. Connecting to TFS Programmatically I have a blog post that shows you from where to download the VS 2010 SP1 SDK and how to connect to TFS programmatically. private TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs; private string _selectedTeamProject;   TeamProjectPicker tfsPP = new TeamProjectPicker(TeamProjectPickerMode.SingleProject, false); tfsPP.ShowDialog(); this._tfs = tfsPP.SelectedTeamProjectCollection; this._selectedTeamProject = tfsPP.SelectedProjects[0].Name; 2. Programmatically get the Process Template details of the selected Team Project I’ll be making use of the VersionControlServer service to get the Team Project details and the ICommonStructureService to get the Project Properties. private ProjectProperty[] GetProcessTemplateDetailsForTheSelectedProject() { var vcs = _tfs.GetService<VersionControlServer>(); var ics = _tfs.GetService<ICommonStructureService>(); ProjectProperty[] ProjectProperties = null; var p = vcs.GetTeamProject(_selectedTeamProject); string ProjectName = string.Empty; string ProjectState = String.Empty; int templateId = 0; ProjectProperties = null; ics.GetProjectProperties(p.ArtifactUri.AbsoluteUri, out ProjectName, out ProjectState, out templateId, out ProjectProperties); return ProjectProperties; } 3. What’s the catch? The ProjectProperties will contain a property “Process Template” which as a value has the name of the process template. So, you will be able to use the below line of code to get the name of the process template. var processTemplateName = processTemplateDetails.Where(pt => pt.Name == "Process Template").Select(pt => pt.Value).FirstOrDefault();   However, if the process template does not contain the property “Process Template” then you will need to add it. So, the question becomes how do i add the Name property to the Process Template. Download the Process Template from the Process Template Manager on your local        Once you have downloaded the Process Template to your local machine, navigate to the Classification folder with in the template       From the classification folder open Classification.xml        Add a new property <property name=”Process Template” value=”MSF for CMMI Process Improvement v5.0” />           4. Putting it all together… using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.VersionControl.Client; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Server; using System.Diagnostics; using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Client; namespace TfsAPIDemoProcessTemplate { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private TfsTeamProjectCollection _tfs; private string _selectedTeamProject; private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { TeamProjectPicker tfsPP = new TeamProjectPicker(TeamProjectPickerMode.SingleProject, false); tfsPP.ShowDialog(); this._tfs = tfsPP.SelectedTeamProjectCollection; this._selectedTeamProject = tfsPP.SelectedProjects[0].Name; var processTemplateDetails = GetProcessTemplateDetailsForTheSelectedProject(); listBox1.Items.Clear(); listBox1.Items.Add(String.Format("Team Project Selected => '{0}'", _selectedTeamProject)); listBox1.Items.Add(Environment.NewLine); var processTemplateName = processTemplateDetails.Where(pt => pt.Name == "Process Template") .Select(pt => pt.Value).FirstOrDefault(); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(processTemplateName)) { listBox1.Items.Add(Environment.NewLine); listBox1.Items.Add(String.Format("Process Template Name: {0}", processTemplateName)); } else { listBox1.Items.Add(String.Format("The Process Template does not have the 'Name' property set up")); listBox1.Items.Add(String.Format("***TIP: Download the Process Template and in Classification.xml add a new property Name, update the template then you will be able to see the Process Template Name***")); listBox1.Items.Add(String.Format(" - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -")); } } private ProjectProperty[] GetProcessTemplateDetailsForTheSelectedProject() { var vcs = _tfs.GetService<VersionControlServer>(); var ics = _tfs.GetService<ICommonStructureService>(); ProjectProperty[] ProjectProperties = null; var p = vcs.GetTeamProject(_selectedTeamProject); string ProjectName = string.Empty; string ProjectState = String.Empty; int templateId = 0; ProjectProperties = null; ics.GetProjectProperties(p.ArtifactUri.AbsoluteUri, out ProjectName, out ProjectState, out templateId, out ProjectProperties); return ProjectProperties; } } } Thank you for taking the time out and reading this blog post. If you enjoyed the post, remember to subscribe to http://feeds.feedburner.com/TarunArora. Have you come across a better way of doing this, please share your experience here. Questions/Feedback/Suggestions, etc please leave a comment. Thank You! Share this post : CodeProject

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  • A DirectoryCatalog class for Silverlight MEF (Managed Extensibility Framework)

    - by Dixin
    In the MEF (Managed Extension Framework) for .NET, there are useful ComposablePartCatalog implementations in System.ComponentModel.Composition.dll, like: System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.AggregateCatalog System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.AssemblyCatalog System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.DirectoryCatalog System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.TypeCatalog While in Silverlight, there is a extra System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.DeploymentCatalog. As a wrapper of AssemblyCatalog, it can load all assemblies in a XAP file in the web server side. Unfortunately, in silverlight there is no DirectoryCatalog to load a folder. Background There are scenarios that Silverlight application may need to load all XAP files in a folder in the web server side, for example: If the Silverlight application is extensible and supports plug-ins, there would be a /ClinetBin/Plugins/ folder in the web server, and each pluin would be an individual XAP file in the folder. In this scenario, after the application is loaded and started up, it would like to load all XAP files in /ClinetBin/Plugins/ folder. If the aplication supports themes, there would be a /ClinetBin/Themes/ folder, and each theme would be an individual XAP file too. The application would qalso need to load all XAP files in /ClinetBin/Themes/. It is useful if we have a DirectoryCatalog: DirectoryCatalog catalog = new DirectoryCatalog("/Plugins"); catalog.DownloadCompleted += (sender, e) => { }; catalog.DownloadAsync(); Obviously, the implementation of DirectoryCatalog is easy. It is just a collection of DeploymentCatalog class. Retrieve file list from a directory Of course, to retrieve file list from a web folder, the folder’s “Directory Browsing” feature must be enabled: So when the folder is requested, it responses a list of its files and folders: This is nothing but a simple HTML page: <html> <head> <title>localhost - /Folder/</title> </head> <body> <h1>localhost - /Folder/</h1> <hr> <pre> <a href="/">[To Parent Directory]</a><br> <br> 1/3/2011 7:22 PM 185 <a href="/Folder/File.txt">File.txt</a><br> 1/3/2011 7:22 PM &lt;dir&gt; <a href="/Folder/Folder/">Folder</a><br> </pre> <hr> </body> </html> For the ASP.NET Deployment Server of Visual Studio, directory browsing is enabled by default: The HTML <Body> is almost the same: <body bgcolor="white"> <h2><i>Directory Listing -- /ClientBin/</i></h2> <hr width="100%" size="1" color="silver"> <pre> <a href="/">[To Parent Directory]</a> Thursday, January 27, 2011 11:51 PM 282,538 <a href="Test.xap">Test.xap</a> Tuesday, January 04, 2011 02:06 AM &lt;dir&gt; <a href="TestFolder/">TestFolder</a> </pre> <hr width="100%" size="1" color="silver"> <b>Version Information:</b>&nbsp;ASP.NET Development Server 10.0.0.0 </body> The only difference is, IIS’s links start with slash, but here the links do not. Here one way to get the file list is read the href attributes of the links: [Pure] private IEnumerable<Uri> GetFilesFromDirectory(string html) { Contract.Requires(html != null); Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<IEnumerable<Uri>>() != null); return new Regex( "<a href=\"(?<uriRelative>[^\"]*)\">[^<]*</a>", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.CultureInvariant) .Matches(html) .OfType<Match>() .Where(match => match.Success) .Select(match => match.Groups["uriRelative"].Value) .Where(uriRelative => uriRelative.EndsWith(".xap", StringComparison.Ordinal)) .Select(uriRelative => { Uri baseUri = this.Uri.IsAbsoluteUri ? this.Uri : new Uri(Application.Current.Host.Source, this.Uri); uriRelative = uriRelative.StartsWith("/", StringComparison.Ordinal) ? uriRelative : (baseUri.LocalPath.EndsWith("/", StringComparison.Ordinal) ? baseUri.LocalPath + uriRelative : baseUri.LocalPath + "/" + uriRelative); return new Uri(baseUri, uriRelative); }); } Please notice the folders’ links end with a slash. They are filtered by the second Where() query. The above method can find files’ URIs from the specified IIS folder, or ASP.NET Deployment Server folder while debugging. To support other formats of file list, a constructor is needed to pass into a customized method: /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="T:System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.DirectoryCatalog" /> class with <see cref="T:System.ComponentModel.Composition.Primitives.ComposablePartDefinition" /> objects based on all the XAP files in the specified directory URI. /// </summary> /// <param name="uri"> /// URI to the directory to scan for XAPs to add to the catalog. /// The URI must be absolute, or relative to <see cref="P:System.Windows.Interop.SilverlightHost.Source" />. /// </param> /// <param name="getFilesFromDirectory"> /// The method to find files' URIs in the specified directory. /// </param> public DirectoryCatalog(Uri uri, Func<string, IEnumerable<Uri>> getFilesFromDirectory) { Contract.Requires(uri != null); this._uri = uri; this._getFilesFromDirectory = getFilesFromDirectory ?? this.GetFilesFromDirectory; this._webClient = new Lazy<WebClient>(() => new WebClient()); // Initializes other members. } When the getFilesFromDirectory parameter is null, the above GetFilesFromDirectory() method will be used as default. Download the directory’s XAP file list Now a public method can be created to start the downloading: /// <summary> /// Begins downloading the XAP files in the directory. /// </summary> public void DownloadAsync() { this.ThrowIfDisposed(); if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref this._state, State.DownloadStarted, State.Created) == 0) { this._webClient.Value.OpenReadCompleted += this.HandleOpenReadCompleted; this._webClient.Value.OpenReadAsync(this.Uri, this); } else { this.MutateStateOrThrow(State.DownloadCompleted, State.Initialized); this.OnDownloadCompleted(new AsyncCompletedEventArgs(null, false, this)); } } Here the HandleOpenReadCompleted() method is invoked when the file list HTML is downloaded. Download all XAP files After retrieving all files’ URIs, the next thing becomes even easier. HandleOpenReadCompleted() just uses built in DeploymentCatalog to download the XAPs, and aggregate them into one AggregateCatalog: private void HandleOpenReadCompleted(object sender, OpenReadCompletedEventArgs e) { Exception error = e.Error; bool cancelled = e.Cancelled; if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref this._state, State.DownloadCompleted, State.DownloadStarted) != State.DownloadStarted) { cancelled = true; } if (error == null && !cancelled) { try { using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(e.Result)) { string html = reader.ReadToEnd(); IEnumerable<Uri> uris = this._getFilesFromDirectory(html); Contract.Assume(uris != null); IEnumerable<DeploymentCatalog> deploymentCatalogs = uris.Select(uri => new DeploymentCatalog(uri)); deploymentCatalogs.ForEach( deploymentCatalog => { this._aggregateCatalog.Catalogs.Add(deploymentCatalog); deploymentCatalog.DownloadCompleted += this.HandleDownloadCompleted; }); deploymentCatalogs.ForEach(deploymentCatalog => deploymentCatalog.DownloadAsync()); } } catch (Exception exception) { error = new InvalidOperationException(Resources.InvalidOperationException_ErrorReadingDirectory, exception); } } // Exception handling. } In HandleDownloadCompleted(), if all XAPs are downloaded without exception, OnDownloadCompleted() callback method will be invoked. private void HandleDownloadCompleted(object sender, AsyncCompletedEventArgs e) { if (Interlocked.Increment(ref this._downloaded) == this._aggregateCatalog.Catalogs.Count) { this.OnDownloadCompleted(e); } } Exception handling Whether this DirectoryCatelog can work only if the directory browsing feature is enabled. It is important to inform caller when directory cannot be browsed for XAP downloading. private void HandleOpenReadCompleted(object sender, OpenReadCompletedEventArgs e) { Exception error = e.Error; bool cancelled = e.Cancelled; if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref this._state, State.DownloadCompleted, State.DownloadStarted) != State.DownloadStarted) { cancelled = true; } if (error == null && !cancelled) { try { // No exception thrown when browsing directory. Downloads the listed XAPs. } catch (Exception exception) { error = new InvalidOperationException(Resources.InvalidOperationException_ErrorReadingDirectory, exception); } } WebException webException = error as WebException; if (webException != null) { HttpWebResponse webResponse = webException.Response as HttpWebResponse; if (webResponse != null) { // Internally, WebClient uses WebRequest.Create() to create the WebRequest object. Here does the same thing. WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(Application.Current.Host.Source); Contract.Assume(request != null); if (request.CreatorInstance == WebRequestCreator.ClientHttp && // Silverlight is in client HTTP handling, all HTTP status codes are supported. webResponse.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.Forbidden) { // When directory browsing is disabled, the HTTP status code is 403 (forbidden). error = new InvalidOperationException( Resources.InvalidOperationException_ErrorListingDirectory_ClientHttp, webException); } else if (request.CreatorInstance == WebRequestCreator.BrowserHttp && // Silverlight is in browser HTTP handling, only 200 and 404 are supported. webResponse.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.NotFound) { // When directory browsing is disabled, the HTTP status code is 404 (not found). error = new InvalidOperationException( Resources.InvalidOperationException_ErrorListingDirectory_BrowserHttp, webException); } } } this.OnDownloadCompleted(new AsyncCompletedEventArgs(error, cancelled, this)); } Please notice Silverlight 3+ application can work either in client HTTP handling, or browser HTTP handling. One difference is: In browser HTTP handling, only HTTP status code 200 (OK) and 404 (not OK, including 500, 403, etc.) are supported In client HTTP handling, all HTTP status code are supported So in above code, exceptions in 2 modes are handled differently. Conclusion Here is the whole DirectoryCatelog’s looking: Please click here to download the source code, a simple unit test is included. This is a rough implementation. And, for convenience, some design and coding are just following the built in AggregateCatalog class and Deployment class. Please feel free to modify the code, and please kindly tell me if any issue is found.

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  • DHCP reply packets do not make it into KVM instance in OpenStack

    - by Lorin Hochstein
    I'm running a KVM instance inside of OpenStack, and it isn't getting an IP address from the DHCP server. Using tcpdump, I can see the request and reply packets on vnet0 of the compute host: # tcpdump -i vnet0 -n port 67 or port 68 tcpdump: WARNING: vnet0: no IPv4 address assigned tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on vnet0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 19:44:56.176727 IP 0.0.0.0.68 > 255.255.255.255.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from fa:16:3e:46:f6:11, length 300 19:44:56.176785 IP 0.0.0.0.68 > 255.255.255.255.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from fa:16:3e:46:f6:11, length 300 19:44:56.177315 IP 10.40.0.1.67 > 10.40.0.3.68: BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length 319 19:45:02.179834 IP 0.0.0.0.68 > 255.255.255.255.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from fa:16:3e:46:f6:11, length 300 19:45:02.179904 IP 0.0.0.0.68 > 255.255.255.255.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from fa:16:3e:46:f6:11, length 300 19:45:02.180375 IP 10.40.0.1.67 > 10.40.0.3.68: BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length 319 However, if I do the same thing on eth0 inside the KVM instance, I only see the request packets, not the reply packets. What would prevent the packets from making it from vnet0 of the host to eth0 of the guest? My host is running Ubuntu 12.04 and my guest is running CentOS 6.3. Note that I have added this rule in my iptables, but it doesn't resolve the issue: -A POSTROUTING -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j CHECKSUM --checksum-fill The instance corresponds to vnet0 and is connected via br100: # brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br100 8000.54781a8605f2 no eth1 vnet0 vnet1 virbr0 8000.000000000000 yes Here's the full iptables-save: # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Tue Apr 2 19:47:27 2013 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [8323:2553683] :INPUT ACCEPT [7993:2494942] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [6158:461050] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [6455:511595] :nova-compute-OUTPUT - [0:0] :nova-compute-POSTROUTING - [0:0] :nova-compute-PREROUTING - [0:0] :nova-compute-float-snat - [0:0] :nova-compute-snat - [0:0] :nova-postrouting-bottom - [0:0] -A PREROUTING -j nova-compute-PREROUTING -A OUTPUT -j nova-compute-OUTPUT -A POSTROUTING -j nova-compute-POSTROUTING -A POSTROUTING -j nova-postrouting-bottom -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.122.0/24 ! -d 192.168.122.0/24 -p tcp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535 -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.122.0/24 ! -d 192.168.122.0/24 -p udp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535 -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.122.0/24 ! -d 192.168.122.0/24 -j MASQUERADE -A nova-compute-snat -j nova-compute-float-snat -A nova-postrouting-bottom -j nova-compute-snat COMMIT # Completed on Tue Apr 2 19:47:27 2013 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Tue Apr 2 19:47:27 2013 *mangle :PREROUTING ACCEPT [7969:5385812] :INPUT ACCEPT [7905:5363718] :FORWARD ACCEPT [158:48190] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [6877:8647975] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [7035:8696165] -A POSTROUTING -o virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j CHECKSUM --checksum-fill -A POSTROUTING -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j CHECKSUM --checksum-fill COMMIT # Completed on Tue Apr 2 19:47:27 2013 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Tue Apr 2 19:47:27 2013 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [2196774:15856921923] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [2447201:1170227646] :nova-compute-FORWARD - [0:0] :nova-compute-INPUT - [0:0] :nova-compute-OUTPUT - [0:0] :nova-compute-inst-19 - [0:0] :nova-compute-inst-20 - [0:0] :nova-compute-local - [0:0] :nova-compute-provider - [0:0] :nova-compute-sg-fallback - [0:0] :nova-filter-top - [0:0] -A INPUT -j nova-compute-INPUT -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j nova-filter-top -A FORWARD -j nova-compute-FORWARD -A FORWARD -d 192.168.122.0/24 -o virbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -s 192.168.122.0/24 -i virbr0 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o virbr0 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -o virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A FORWARD -i virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A OUTPUT -j nova-filter-top -A OUTPUT -j nova-compute-OUTPUT -A nova-compute-FORWARD -i br100 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-FORWARD -o br100 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-19 -m state --state INVALID -j DROP -A nova-compute-inst-19 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-19 -j nova-compute-provider -A nova-compute-inst-19 -s 10.40.0.1/32 -p udp -m udp --sport 67 --dport 68 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-19 -s 10.40.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-19 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-19 -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-19 -j nova-compute-sg-fallback -A nova-compute-inst-20 -m state --state INVALID -j DROP -A nova-compute-inst-20 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-20 -j nova-compute-provider -A nova-compute-inst-20 -s 10.40.0.1/32 -p udp -m udp --sport 67 --dport 68 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-20 -s 10.40.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-20 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-20 -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A nova-compute-inst-20 -j nova-compute-sg-fallback -A nova-compute-local -d 10.40.0.3/32 -j nova-compute-inst-19 -A nova-compute-local -d 10.40.0.4/32 -j nova-compute-inst-20 -A nova-compute-sg-fallback -j DROP -A nova-filter-top -j nova-compute-local COMMIT # Completed on Tue Apr 2 19:47:27 2013

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  • Unification of TPL TaskScheduler and RX IScheduler

    - by JoshReuben
    using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Reactive.Concurrency; using System.Security; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Threading; namespace TPLRXSchedulerIntegration { public class MyScheduler :TaskScheduler, IScheduler     { private readonly Dispatcher _dispatcher; private readonly DispatcherScheduler _rxDispatcherScheduler; //private readonly TaskScheduler _tplDispatcherScheduler; private readonly SynchronizationContext _synchronizationContext; public MyScheduler(Dispatcher dispatcher)         {             _dispatcher = dispatcher;             _rxDispatcherScheduler = new DispatcherScheduler(dispatcher); //_tplDispatcherScheduler = FromCurrentSynchronizationContext();             _synchronizationContext = SynchronizationContext.Current;         }         #region RX public DateTimeOffset Now         { get { return _rxDispatcherScheduler.Now; }         } public IDisposable Schedule<TState>(TState state, DateTimeOffset dueTime, Func<IScheduler, TState, IDisposable> action)         { return _rxDispatcherScheduler.Schedule(state, dueTime, action);         } public IDisposable Schedule<TState>(TState state, TimeSpan dueTime, Func<IScheduler, TState, IDisposable> action)         { return _rxDispatcherScheduler.Schedule(state, dueTime, action);         } public IDisposable Schedule<TState>(TState state, Func<IScheduler, TState, IDisposable> action)         { return _rxDispatcherScheduler.Schedule(state, action);         }         #endregion         #region TPL /// Simply posts the tasks to be executed on the associated SynchronizationContext         [SecurityCritical] protected override void QueueTask(Task task)         {             _dispatcher.BeginInvoke((Action)(() => TryExecuteTask(task))); //TryExecuteTaskInline(task,false); //task.Start(_tplDispatcherScheduler); //m_synchronizationContext.Post(s_postCallback, (object)task);         } /// The task will be executed inline only if the call happens within the associated SynchronizationContext         [SecurityCritical] protected override bool TryExecuteTaskInline(Task task, bool taskWasPreviouslyQueued)         { if (SynchronizationContext.Current != _synchronizationContext)             { SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(_synchronizationContext);             } return TryExecuteTask(task);         } // not implemented         [SecurityCritical] protected override IEnumerable<Task> GetScheduledTasks()         { return null;         } /// Implementes the MaximumConcurrencyLevel property for this scheduler class. /// By default it returns 1, because a <see cref="T:System.Threading.SynchronizationContext"/> based /// scheduler only supports execution on a single thread. public override Int32 MaximumConcurrencyLevel         { get             { return 1;             }         } //// preallocated SendOrPostCallback delegate //private static SendOrPostCallback s_postCallback = new SendOrPostCallback(PostCallback); //// this is where the actual task invocation occures //private static void PostCallback(object obj) //{ //    Task task = (Task) obj; //    // calling ExecuteEntry with double execute check enabled because a user implemented SynchronizationContext could be buggy //    task.ExecuteEntry(true); //}         #endregion     } }     What Design Pattern did I use here?

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  • Using Umbraco&rsquo;s Dropdown Datatype

    - by MightyZot
    In Umbraco, you could consider document types like models and data types as property types for those modes. For example, you may create a document type called “Prices” to represent a page that displays a list of prices. And, then, you might create a document type called “Price Item” to represent the price list items. A property called “Price” could then represent the price of an item. When you create the Price property, you specify the data type, which in this case might be “Number”, indicating that this particular field accepts only numerical values. Consequently, you could also create a drop down list property called “Category”, allowing you to categorize the items in your price list. To add items to the drop down list, you modify the data type definition in the Developer module of the Umbraco administrative utility. Instead of modifying the drop down data type itself, you should first make a copy by right-clicking on the Data Types node and choosing Create. Give your new data type a name in the Create dialog and click the Create button. In the Edit datatype dialog, change “Render control” to “Dropdown list”.  To add your list items, simply enter that value into the textbox next to “Add prevalue” and click Save or press the Enter key. Now that you have a new drop down list data type created, along with assigned list items, you can use it in your document type definitions just like you would the other data types.

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  • Can't connect to STunnel when it's running as a service

    - by John Francis
    I've got STunnel configured to proxy non SSL POP3 requests to GMail on port 111. This is working fine when STunnel is running as a desktop app, but when I run the STunnel service, I can't connect to port 111 on the machine (using Outlook Express for example). The Stunnel log file shows the port binding is succeeding, but it never sees a connection. There's something preventing the connection to that port when STunnel is running as a service? Here's stunnel.conf cert = stunnel.pem ; Some performance tunings socket = l:TCP_NODELAY=1 socket = r:TCP_NODELAY=1 ; Some debugging stuff useful for troubleshooting debug = 7 output = stunnel.log ; Use it for client mode client = yes ; Service-level configuration [gmail] accept = 127.0.0.1:111 connect = pop.gmail.com:995 stunnel.log from service 2010.10.07 12:14:22 LOG5[80444:72984]: Reading configuration from file stunnel.conf 2010.10.07 12:14:22 LOG7[80444:72984]: Snagged 64 random bytes from C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Wrote 1024 new random bytes to C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: PRNG seeded successfully 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Certificate: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Certificate loaded 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Key file: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Private key loaded 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: SSL context initialized for service gmail 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: Configuration successful 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: FD=156 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Option SO_REUSEADDR set on accept socket 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Service gmail bound to 0.0.0.0:111 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Service gmail opened FD=156 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: stunnel 4.34 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu with OpenSSL 1.0.0a 1 Jun 2010 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: Threading:WIN32 SSL:ENGINE Sockets:SELECT,IPv6 stunnel.log from desktop (working) process 2010.10.07 12:10:31 LOG5[80824:81200]: Reading configuration from file stunnel.conf 2010.10.07 12:10:31 LOG7[80824:81200]: Snagged 64 random bytes from C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Wrote 1024 new random bytes to C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: PRNG seeded successfully 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Certificate: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Certificate loaded 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Key file: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Private key loaded 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: SSL context initialized for service gmail 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG5[80824:81200]: Configuration successful 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG5[80824:81200]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: FD=156 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Option SO_REUSEADDR set on accept socket 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Service gmail bound to 0.0.0.0:111 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Service gmail opened FD=156 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:81200]: stunnel 4.34 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu with OpenSSL 1.0.0a 1 Jun 2010 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:81200]: Threading:WIN32 SSL:ENGINE Sockets:SELECT,IPv6 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:81844]: Service gmail accepted FD=188 from 127.0.0.1:24813 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:81844]: Creating a new thread 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:81844]: New thread created 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Service gmail started 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: FD=188 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Option TCP_NODELAY set on local socket 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:25144]: Service gmail accepted connection from 127.0.0.1:24813 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: FD=212 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG6[80824:25144]: connect_blocking: connecting 209.85.227.109:995 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: connect_blocking: s_poll_wait 209.85.227.109:995: waiting 10 seconds 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:25144]: connect_blocking: connected 209.85.227.109:995 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:25144]: Service gmail connected remote server from 192.168.1.9:24814 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Remote FD=212 initialized 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Option TCP_NODELAY set on remote socket 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): before/connect initialization 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client hello A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server hello A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server done A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client key exchange A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write change cipher spec A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write finished A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 flush data 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read finished A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 1 items in the session cache 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 1 client connects (SSL_connect()) 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 1 client connects that finished 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 client renegotiations requested 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 server connects (SSL_accept()) 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 server connects that finished 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 server renegotiations requested 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 session cache hits 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 external session cache hits 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 session cache misses 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 session cache timeouts 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG6[80824:25144]: SSL connected: new session negotiated 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG6[80824:25144]: Negotiated ciphers: RC4-MD5 SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=MD5 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL socket closed on SSL_read 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG7[80824:25144]: Sending socket write shutdown 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG5[80824:25144]: Connection closed: 53 bytes sent to SSL, 118 bytes sent to socket 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG7[80824:25144]: Service gmail finished (0 left)

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  • ASP.NET ViewState Tips and Tricks #2

    - by João Angelo
    If you need to store complex types in ViewState DO implement IStateManager to control view state persistence and reduce its size. By default a serializable object will be fully stored in view state using BinaryFormatter. A quick comparison for a complex type with two integers and one string property produces the following results measured using ASP.NET tracing: BinaryFormatter: 328 bytes in view state IStateManager: 28 bytes in view state BinaryFormatter sample code: // DO NOT [Serializable] public class Info { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } } public class ExampleControl : WebControl { protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e) { base.OnLoad(e); if (!this.Page.IsPostBack) { this.User = new Info { Id = 1, Name = "John Doe", Age = 27 }; } } public Info User { get { object o = this.ViewState["Example_User"]; if (o == null) return null; return (Info)o; } set { this.ViewState["Example_User"] = value; } } } IStateManager sample code: // DO public class Info : IStateManager { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } private bool isTrackingViewState; bool IStateManager.IsTrackingViewState { get { return this.isTrackingViewState; } } void IStateManager.LoadViewState(object state) { var triplet = (Triplet)state; this.Id = (int)triplet.First; this.Name = (string)triplet.Second; this.Age = (int)triplet.Third; } object IStateManager.SaveViewState() { return new Triplet(this.Id, this.Name, this.Age); } void IStateManager.TrackViewState() { this.isTrackingViewState = true; } } public class ExampleControl : WebControl { protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e) { base.OnLoad(e); if (!this.Page.IsPostBack) { this.User = new Info { Id = 1, Name = "John Doe", Age = 27 }; } } public Info User { get; set; } protected override object SaveViewState() { return new Pair( ((IStateManager)this.User).SaveViewState(), base.SaveViewState()); } protected override void LoadViewState(object savedState) { if (savedState != null) { var pair = (Pair)savedState; this.User = new Info(); ((IStateManager)this.User).LoadViewState(pair.First); base.LoadViewState(pair.Second); } } }

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  • Menu widget - no jQuery nor Javascript required - pure CSS

    - by Renso
    Goal: Create a menu widget that does not require any javascript, extremely lightweight, very fast, soley based on CSS, compatible with FireFox and Chrome. Issues: May have some rendering issues in some versions of IE, sorry :-) Instruments: css file html with specific menu format jQuery-ui library - optional if you want to use your own images/colors Implementation Details: HTML: <div id="header">   <div id="header_Menubar">     <ul class="linkList0 ui-tabs-nav ui-helper-reset ui-helper-clearfix ui-widget-header ui-corner-all">         <li class="first more ui-state-default ui-corner-top ui-tabs-selected"><a title="Home" href="/Home">Home</a>             <ul class="linkList01 ui-tabs-nav ui-helper-reset ui-helper-clearfix ui-widget-header ui-corner-all">                 <li class="ifirst ui-state-default ui-corner-top"><abbr title="Go Home"></abbr><a title="Home" href="/Home">Home</a></li>             </ul>         </li>         <li class="more ui-state-default ui-corner-top ui-tabs-selected"><a title="Menu 2" href="/Menu2a">Menu 2</a>             <ul class="linkList01 ui-tabs-nav ui-helper-reset ui-helper-clearfix ui-widget-header ui-corner-all">                 <li class="ifirst ui-state-default ui-corner-top"><abbr title="Menu 2 a"></abbr><a title="Menu 2 a" href="/Menu2a">Menu 2 a</a></li>                 <li class="ilast ui-state-default ui-corner-top"><abbr title="Menu 2 b"></abbr><a title="Menu 2 b" href="/Menu2b">Menu 2 b</a></li>             </ul>         </li>         <li class="more red ui-state-default ui-corner-top ui-tabs-selected"><a title="Menu 3" href="/Menu3 d">Menu 3</a>             <ul class="linkList01 ui-tabs-nav ui-helper-reset ui-helper-clearfix ui-widget-header ui-corner-all">                 <li class="ifirst ui-state-default ui-corner-top"><abbr title="Menu 3 a"><a title="Menu 3 a" href="/Menu3a">Menu 3 a</a></abbr></li>                 <li class="ui-state-default ui-corner-top"><abbr title="Menu 3 b"><a title="Menu 3 b" href="/Menu3b">Menu 3 b</a></abbr></li>                 <li class="ui-state-default ui-corner-top"><abbr title="Menu 3 c"><a title="Menu 3 c" href="/Menu3c">Menu 3 c</a></abbr></li>                 <li class="ilast ui-state-default ui-corner-top"><abbr title="Menu 3 d"><a title="Menu 3 d" href="/Menu3d">Menu 3 d</a></abbr></li>             </ul>         </li>     </ul>     </div> </div> CSS: /*    =Menu     -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------    */ #header #header_Menubar {     margin: 0;     padding: 0;     border: 0;     width: 100%;     height: 22px; } #header {     background-color: #99cccc;     background-color: #aaccee;     background-color: #5BA3E0;     background-color: #006cb1; } /* Set menu bar background color     */ #header #header_Menubar {     background-attachment: scroll;     background-position: left center;     background-repeat: repeat-x; } /*    Set main (horizontal) menu typology    */ #header .linkList0 {     padding: 0 0 1em 0;     margin-bottom: 1em;     font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Grande',           Verdana, Lucida, Geneva, Helvetica,           Arial, sans-serif;     font-weight: bold;     font-size: 1.085em;     font-size: 1em; } /*    Set all ul properties    */ #header .linkList0, #header .linkList0 ul {     list-style: none;     margin: 0;     padding: 0;     list-style-position: outside; } /*    Set all li properties    */ #header .linkList0 > li {     float: left;     position: relative;     font-size: 90%;     margin: 0 0 -1px;     width: 9.7em;     padding-right: 2em;     z-index: 100;    /*IE7:    Fix for IE7 hiding drop down list behind some other page elements    */ } /*    Set all li properties    */ #header .linkList01 > li {     width: 190px; } #header .linkList0 .linkList01 li {     margin-left: 0px; } /*    Set all list background image properties    */ /*#header .linkList0 li a {     background-position: left center;     background-image: url(  '../Content/Images/VerticalButtonBarGradientFade.png' );     background-repeat: repeat-x;     background-attachment: scroll; }*/ /*    Set all A ancor properties    */ #header .linkList0 li a {     display: block;     text-decoration: none;     line-height: 22px; } /*    IE7: Fix for a bug in IE7 where the margins between list items is doubled - need to set height explicitly    */ *+html #header .linkList0 ul li {     height: auto;     margin-bottom: -.3em; } /*    Menu:    Set different borders for different nested level lists     --------------------------------------------------------------    */ #header .linkList0 > li a {     border-left: 10px solid Transparent;     border-right: none; } #header .linkList0 > li a {     border-left: 0px;     margin-left: 0px;     border-right: none; } #header .linkList0 .linkList01 > li a {     border-left: 8px solid #336699;     border-right: none;     border: 1px solid Transparent;     -moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px;     -moz-box-shadow: 3px 3px 4px #696969; } #header .linkList0 .linkList01 .linkList001 > li a {     border-left: 6px solid #336699;     border-right: none;     border: 1px solid Transparent;     -moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px;     -moz-box-shadow: 3px 3px 4px #696969; } #header .linkList0 .linkList01 .linkList001 .linkList0001 > li a {     border-left: 4px solid #336699;     border-right: none;     border: 1px solid Transparent;     -moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px;     -moz-box-shadow: 3px 3px 4px #696969; }     /*    Link and Visited pseudo-class settings for all lists (ul)    */ #header .linkList0 a:link, #header .linkList0 a:visited {     display: block;     text-decoration: none;     padding-left: 1em; } /*    Hide all the nested/sub menu items    */ #header .linkList0 ul {     display: none;     padding: 0;     position: absolute;    /*Important: must not impede on other page elements when drop down opens up    */ } /*    Hide all detail popups    */ #header .detailPopup {     display: none; } /*    Set the typology of all sub-menu list items li    */ /*#header .linkList0 ul li {     background-color: #AACCEE;     background-position: left center;     background-image: url(  '../Content/Images/VerticalButtonBarGradientFade.png' );     background-repeat: repeat-x;     background-attachment: scroll; }*/ #header .linkList0 ul li.more {     background: Transparent url('../Content/Images/ArrowRight.gif') no-repeat right center; } /*    Header list's margin and padding for all list items    */ #header .linkList0 ul li {     margin: 0 0 0 1em;     padding: 0; } #header .linkList01 ul li {     margin: 0;     padding: 0;     width: 189px; } /*    Set margins for the third li sibling (Plan a Call) to display to the right of the parent menu     to avoid the sub-menu overlaying the menu items below    */ #header .linkList0 li.more .linkList01 li.more > ul.linkList001 {     margin: -1.7em 0 0 13.2em;    /*Important, must be careful, if tbe EM since gap increases too much bewteen nested lists the gap will make the nested-list collapse prematurely    */ } /*    Set right hand arrow for list items with sub-menus (class-more)    */ #header li.more {     background: Transparent url('../Content/Images/ArrowRight.gif') no-repeat right center;     padding-right: 48px; } /*    Menu:    Dynamic Behavior of menu items (hover, visted, etc)     -----------------------------------------------------------    */ #header .linkList0 li a:link, #header .linkList01 li a:link {     display: block; } #header .linkList0 li a:visited, #header .linkList01 li a:visited {     display: block; } #header .linkList0 > li:hover { } #header .linkList01 > li:hover a ,#header .linkList001 > li:hover a {     text-decoration: underline; } #header .linkList0 > li abbr:hover span.detailPopup {     display: block;     position: absolute;     top: 1em;     left: 17em;     border: double 1px #696969;     border-style: outset;     width: 120%;     height: auto;     padding: 5px;     font-weight: 100; } #header .linkList0 > li:hover ,#header .linkList0 .linkList01 > li:hover { } #header .linkList0 .linkList01 .linkList001 > li:hover { } #header .linkList0 .linkList01 .linkList001 .linkList0001 > li:hover { } /*    Display the hidden sub menu when hovering over the parent ul's li    */ #header .linkList0 li:hover > ul {     display: block; } /*    Display the hidden sub menu when hovering over the parent ul's li    */ #header .linkList0 .linkList01 li:hover > ul {     display: block;         background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #1E83CC, #619FCD);     /* Chrome, Safari:*/     background: -webkit-gradient(linear,                 center top, center bottom, from(#1E83CC), to(#619FCD)); } /*    Display the hidden sub menu when hovering over the parent ul's li    */ #header .linkList0 .linkList01 .linkList001 li:hover > ul {     display: block; } /*    Set right hand arrow for list items with sub-menus (class-more) on hover    */ #header li.more:hover { } Also some CSS for global settings that will affect this menu, you of course will have some other styling, but included it here so you can see how/why some css properties were set here: /* Neutralize styling:    Elements we want to clean out entirely: */ html, body {     margin: 0;     padding: 0;     font: 62.5%/120% Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } /* Neutralize styling:    Elements with a vertical margin: */ h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, pre, blockquote, ul, ol, dl, address {     margin: 0;    /*    most browsers set some default value that is not shared by all browsers    */     padding: 0;        /*    some borowsers default padding, set to 0 for all    */ } /* Apply left margin:    Only to the few elements that need it: */ li, dd, blockquote {     margin-left: 1em; }

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  • C#/.NET Little Wonders: Tuples and Tuple Factory Methods

    - by James Michael Hare
    Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can really help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain.  This week, we look at the System.Tuple class and the handy factory methods for creating a Tuple by inferring the types. What is a Tuple? The System.Tuple is a class that tends to inspire a reaction in one of two ways: love or hate.  Simply put, a Tuple is a data structure that holds a specific number of items of a specific type in a specific order.  That is, a Tuple<int, string, int> is a tuple that contains exactly three items: an int, followed by a string, followed by an int.  The sequence is important not only to distinguish between two members of the tuple with the same type, but also for comparisons between tuples.  Some people tend to love tuples because they give you a quick way to combine multiple values into one result.  This can be handy for returning more than one value from a method (without using out or ref parameters), or for creating a compound key to a Dictionary, or any other purpose you can think of.  They can be especially handy when passing a series of items into a call that only takes one object parameter, such as passing an argument to a thread's startup routine.  In these cases, you do not need to define a class, simply create a tuple containing the types you wish to return, and you are ready to go? On the other hand, there are some people who see tuples as a crutch in object-oriented design.  They may view the tuple as a very watered down class with very little inherent semantic meaning.  As an example, what if you saw this in a piece of code: 1: var x = new Tuple<int, int>(2, 5); What are the contents of this tuple?  If the tuple isn't named appropriately, and if the contents of each member are not self evident from the type this can be a confusing question.  The people who tend to be against tuples would rather you explicitly code a class to contain the values, such as: 1: public sealed class RetrySettings 2: { 3: public int TimeoutSeconds { get; set; } 4: public int MaxRetries { get; set; } 5: } Here, the meaning of each int in the class is much more clear, but it's a bit more work to create the class and can clutter a solution with extra classes. So, what's the correct way to go?  That's a tough call.  You will have people who will argue quite well for one or the other.  For me, I consider the Tuple to be a tool to make it easy to collect values together easily.  There are times when I just need to combine items for a key or a result, in which case the tuple is short lived and so the meaning isn't easily lost and I feel this is a good compromise.  If the scope of the collection of items, though, is more application-wide I tend to favor creating a full class. Finally, it should be noted that tuples are immutable.  That means they are assigned a value at construction, and that value cannot be changed.  Now, of course if the tuple contains an item of a reference type, this means that the reference is immutable and not the item referred to. Tuples from 1 to N Tuples come in all sizes, you can have as few as one element in your tuple, or as many as you like.  However, since C# generics can't have an infinite generic type parameter list, any items after 7 have to be collapsed into another tuple, as we'll show shortly. So when you declare your tuple from sizes 1 (a 1-tuple or singleton) to 7 (a 7-tuple or septuple), simply include the appropriate number of type arguments: 1: // a singleton tuple of integer 2: Tuple<int> x; 3:  4: // or more 5: Tuple<int, double> y; 6:  7: // up to seven 8: Tuple<int, double, char, double, int, string, uint> z; Anything eight and above, and we have to nest tuples inside of tuples.  The last element of the 8-tuple is the generic type parameter Rest, this is special in that the Tuple checks to make sure at runtime that the type is a Tuple.  This means that a simple 8-tuple must nest a singleton tuple (one of the good uses for a singleton tuple, by the way) for the Rest property. 1: // an 8-tuple 2: Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, double, char, Tuple<string>> t8; 3:  4: // an 9-tuple 5: Tuple<int, int, int, int, double, int, char, Tuple<string, DateTime>> t9; 6:  7: // a 16-tuple 8: Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, Tuple<int,int>>> t14; Notice that on the 14-tuple we had to have a nested tuple in the nested tuple.  Since the tuple can only support up to seven items, and then a rest element, that means that if the nested tuple needs more than seven items you must nest in it as well.  Constructing tuples Constructing tuples is just as straightforward as declaring them.  That said, you have two distinct ways to do it.  The first is to construct the tuple explicitly yourself: 1: var t3 = new Tuple<int, string, double>(1, "Hello", 3.1415927); This creates a triple that has an int, string, and double and assigns the values 1, "Hello", and 3.1415927 respectively.  Make sure the order of the arguments supplied matches the order of the types!  Also notice that we can't half-assign a tuple or create a default tuple.  Tuples are immutable (you can't change the values once constructed), so thus you must provide all values at construction time. Another way to easily create tuples is to do it implicitly using the System.Tuple static class's Create() factory methods.  These methods (much like C++'s std::make_pair method) will infer the types from the method call so you don't have to type them in.  This can dramatically reduce the amount of typing required especially for complex tuples! 1: // this 4-tuple is typed Tuple<int, double, string, char> 2: var t4 = Tuple.Create(42, 3.1415927, "Love", 'X'); Notice how much easier it is to use the factory methods and infer the types?  This can cut down on typing quite a bit when constructing tuples.  The Create() factory method can construct from a 1-tuple (singleton) to an 8-tuple (octuple), which of course will be a octuple where the last item is a singleton as we described before in nested tuples. Accessing tuple members Accessing a tuple's members is simplicity itself… mostly.  The properties for accessing up to the first seven items are Item1, Item2, …, Item7.  If you have an octuple or beyond, the final property is Rest which will give you the nested tuple which you can then access in a similar matter.  Once again, keep in mind that these are read-only properties and cannot be changed. 1: // for septuples and below, use the Item properties 2: var t1 = Tuple.Create(42, 3.14); 3:  4: Console.WriteLine("First item is {0} and second is {1}", 5: t1.Item1, t1.Item2); 6:  7: // for octuples and above, use Rest to retrieve nested tuple 8: var t9 = new Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, 9: Tuple<int, int>>(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,Tuple.Create(8,9)); 10:  11: Console.WriteLine("The 8th item is {0}", t9.Rest.Item1); Tuples are IStructuralComparable and IStructuralEquatable Most of you know about IComparable and IEquatable, what you may not know is that there are two sister interfaces to these that were added in .NET 4.0 to help support tuples.  These IStructuralComparable and IStructuralEquatable make it easy to compare two tuples for equality and ordering.  This is invaluable for sorting, and makes it easy to use tuples as a compound-key to a dictionary (one of my favorite uses)! Why is this so important?  Remember when we said that some folks think tuples are too generic and you should define a custom class?  This is all well and good, but if you want to design a custom class that can automatically order itself based on its members and build a hash code for itself based on its members, it is no longer a trivial task!  Thankfully the tuple does this all for you through the explicit implementations of these interfaces. For equality, two tuples are equal if all elements are equal between the two tuples, that is if t1.Item1 == t2.Item1 and t1.Item2 == t2.Item2, and so on.  For ordering, it's a little more complex in that it compares the two tuples one at a time starting at Item1, and sees which one has a smaller Item1.  If one has a smaller Item1, it is the smaller tuple.  However if both Item1 are the same, it compares Item2 and so on. For example: 1: var t1 = Tuple.Create(1, 3.14, "Hi"); 2: var t2 = Tuple.Create(1, 3.14, "Hi"); 3: var t3 = Tuple.Create(2, 2.72, "Bye"); 4:  5: // true, t1 == t2 because all items are == 6: Console.WriteLine("t1 == t2 : " + t1.Equals(t2)); 7:  8: // false, t1 != t2 because at least one item different 9: Console.WriteLine("t2 == t2 : " + t2.Equals(t3)); The actual implementation of IComparable, IEquatable, IStructuralComparable, and IStructuralEquatable is explicit, so if you want to invoke the methods defined there you'll have to manually cast to the appropriate interface: 1: // true because t1.Item1 < t3.Item1, if had been same would check Item2 and so on 2: Console.WriteLine("t1 < t3 : " + (((IComparable)t1).CompareTo(t3) < 0)); So, as I mentioned, the fact that tuples are automatically equatable and comparable (provided the types you use define equality and comparability as needed) means that we can use tuples for compound keys in hashing and ordering containers like Dictionary and SortedList: 1: var tupleDict = new Dictionary<Tuple<int, double, string>, string>(); 2:  3: tupleDict.Add(t1, "First tuple"); 4: tupleDict.Add(t2, "Second tuple"); 5: tupleDict.Add(t3, "Third tuple"); Because IEquatable defines GetHashCode(), and Tuple's IStructuralEquatable implementation creates this hash code by combining the hash codes of the members, this makes using the tuple as a complex key quite easy!  For example, let's say you are creating account charts for a financial application, and you want to cache those charts in a Dictionary based on the account number and the number of days of chart data (for example, a 1 day chart, 1 week chart, etc): 1: // the account number (string) and number of days (int) are key to get cached chart 2: var chartCache = new Dictionary<Tuple<string, int>, IChart>(); Summary The System.Tuple, like any tool, is best used where it will achieve a greater benefit.  I wouldn't advise overusing them, on objects with a large scope or it can become difficult to maintain.  However, when used properly in a well defined scope they can make your code cleaner and easier to maintain by removing the need for extraneous POCOs and custom property hashing and ordering. They are especially useful in defining compound keys to IDictionary implementations and for returning multiple values from methods, or passing multiple values to a single object parameter. Tweet Technorati Tags: C#,.NET,Tuple,Little Wonders

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  • Fun with Declarative Components

    - by [email protected]
    Use case background I have been asked on a number of occasions if our selectOneChoice component could allow random text to be entered, as well as having a list of selections available. Unfortunately, the selectOneChoice component only allows entry via the dropdown selection list and doesn't allow text entry. I was thinking of possible solutions and thought that this might make a good example for using a declarative component.My initial idea My first thought was to use an af:inputText to allow the text entry, and an af:selectOneChoice with mode="compact" for the selections. To get it to layout horizontally, we would want to use an af:panelGroupLayout with layout="horizontal". To get the label for this to line up correctly, we'll need to wrap the af:panelGroupLayout with an af:panelLabelAndMessage. This is the basic structure: <af:panelLabelAndMessage> <af:panelGroupLayout layout="horizontal"> <af:inputText/> <af:selectOneChoice mode="compact"/> </af:panelgroupLayout></af:panelLabelAndMessage> Make it into a declarative component One of the steps to making a declarative component is deciding what attributes we want to be able to specify. To keep this example simple, let's just have: 'label' (the label of our declarative component)'value' (what we want to bind to the value of the input text)'items' (the select items in our dropdown) Here is the initial declarative component code (saved as file "inputTextWithChoice.jsff"): <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><!-- Copyright (c) 2008, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. --><jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page" version="2.1" xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" xmlns:af="http://xmlns.oracle.com/adf/faces/rich"> <jsp:directive.page contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"/> <af:componentDef var="attrs" componentVar="comp"> <af:xmlContent> <component xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/adf/faces/rich/component"> <description>Input text with choice component.</description> <attribute> <description>Label</description> <attribute-name>label</attribute-name> <attribute-class>java.lang.String</attribute-class> </attribute> <attribute> <description>Value</description> <attribute-name>value</attribute-name> <attribute-class>java.lang.Object</attribute-class> </attribute> <attribute> <description>Choice Select Items Value</description> <attribute-name>items</attribute-name> <attribute-class>[[Ljavax.faces.model.SelectItem;</attribute-class> </attribute> </component> </af:xmlContent> <af:panelLabelAndMessage id="myPlm" label="#{attrs.label}" for="myIt"> <af:panelGroupLayout id="myPgl" layout="horizontal"> <af:inputText id="myIt" value="#{attrs.value}" partialTriggers="mySoc" label="myIt" simple="true" /> <af:selectOneChoice id="mySoc" label="mySoc" simple="true" mode="compact" value="#{attrs.value}" autoSubmit="true"> <f:selectItems id="mySIs" value="#{attrs.items}" /> </af:selectOneChoice> </af:panelGroupLayout> </af:panelLabelAndMessage> </af:componentDef></jsp:root> By having af:inputText and af:selectOneChoice both have the same value, then (assuming that this passed in as an EL expression) selecting something in the selectOneChoice will update the value in the af:inputText. To use this declarative component in a jspx page: <af:declarativeComponent id="myItwc" viewId="inputTextWithChoice.jsff" label="InputText with Choice" value="#{demoInput.choiceValue}" items="#{demoInput.selectItems}" /> Some problems arise At first glace, this seems to be functioning like we want it to. However, there is a side effect to having the af:inputText and af:selectOneChoice share a value, if one changes, so does the other. The problem here is that when we update the af:inputText to something that doesn't match one of the selections in the af:selectOneChoice, the af:selectOneChoice will set itself to null (since the value doesn't match one of the selections) and the next time the page is submitted, it will submit the null value and the af:inputText will be empty. Oops, we don't want that. Hmm, what to do. Okay, how about if we make sure that the current value is always available in the selection list. But, lets not render it if the value is empty. We also need to add a partialTriggers attribute so that this gets updated when the af:inputText is changed. Plus, we really don't want to select this item so let's disable it. <af:selectOneChoice id="mySoc" partialTriggers="myIt" label="mySoc" simple="true" mode="compact" value="#{attrs.value}" autoSubmit="true"> <af:selectItem id="mySI" label="Selected:#{attrs.value}" value="#{attrs.value}" disabled="true" rendered="#{!empty attrs.value}"/> <af:separator id="mySp" /> <f:selectItems id="mySIs" value="#{attrs.items}" /></af:selectOneChoice> That seems to be working pretty good. One minor issue that we probably can't do anything about is that when you enter something in the inputText and then click on the selectOneChoice, the popup is displayed, but then goes away because it has been replaced via PPR because we told it to with the partialTriggers="myIt". This is not that big a deal, since if you are entering something manually, you probably don't want to select something from the list right afterwards. Making it look like a single component. Now, let's play around a bit with the contentStyle of the af:inputText and the af:selectOneChoice so that the compact icon will layout inside the af:inputText, making it look more like an af:selectManyChoice. We need to add some padding-right to the af;inputText so there is space for the icon. These adjustments were for the Fusion FX skin. <af:inputText id="myIt" partialTriggers="mySoc" autoSubmit="true" contentStyle="padding-right: 15px;" value="#{attrs.value}" label="myIt" simple="true" /><af:selectOneChoice id="mySoc" partialTriggers="myIt" contentStyle="position: relative; top: -2px; left: -19px;" label="mySoc" simple="true" mode="compact" value="#{attrs.value}" autoSubmit="true"> <af:selectItem id="mySI" label="Selected:#{attrs.value}" value="#{attrs.value}" disabled="true" rendered="#{!empty attrs.value}"/> <af:separator id="mySp" /> <f:selectItems id="mySIs" value="#{attrs.items}" /></af:selectOneChoice> There you have it, a declarative component that allows for suggested selections, but also allows arbitrary text to be entered. This could be used for search field, where the 'items' attribute could be populated with popular searches. Lines of java code written: 0

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  • Can't connect to STunnel when it's running as a service

    - by John Francis
    I've got STunnel configured to proxy non SSL POP3 requests to GMail on port 111. This is working fine when STunnel is running as a desktop app, but when I run the STunnel service, I can't connect to port 111 on the machine (using Outlook Express for example). The Stunnel log file shows the port binding is succeeding, but it never sees a connection. There's something preventing the connection to that port when STunnel is running as a service? Here's stunnel.conf cert = stunnel.pem ; Some performance tunings socket = l:TCP_NODELAY=1 socket = r:TCP_NODELAY=1 ; Some debugging stuff useful for troubleshooting debug = 7 output = stunnel.log ; Use it for client mode client = yes ; Service-level configuration [gmail] accept = 127.0.0.1:111 connect = pop.gmail.com:995 stunnel.log from service 2010.10.07 12:14:22 LOG5[80444:72984]: Reading configuration from file stunnel.conf 2010.10.07 12:14:22 LOG7[80444:72984]: Snagged 64 random bytes from C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Wrote 1024 new random bytes to C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: PRNG seeded successfully 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Certificate: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Certificate loaded 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Key file: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Private key loaded 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: SSL context initialized for service gmail 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: Configuration successful 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: FD=156 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Option SO_REUSEADDR set on accept socket 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Service gmail bound to 0.0.0.0:111 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG7[80444:72984]: Service gmail opened FD=156 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: stunnel 4.34 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu with OpenSSL 1.0.0a 1 Jun 2010 2010.10.07 12:14:23 LOG5[80444:72984]: Threading:WIN32 SSL:ENGINE Sockets:SELECT,IPv6 stunnel.log from desktop (working) process 2010.10.07 12:10:31 LOG5[80824:81200]: Reading configuration from file stunnel.conf 2010.10.07 12:10:31 LOG7[80824:81200]: Snagged 64 random bytes from C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Wrote 1024 new random bytes to C:/.rnd 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: PRNG seeded successfully 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Certificate: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Certificate loaded 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Key file: stunnel.pem 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Private key loaded 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: SSL context initialized for service gmail 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG5[80824:81200]: Configuration successful 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG5[80824:81200]: No limit detected for the number of clients 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: FD=156 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Option SO_REUSEADDR set on accept socket 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Service gmail bound to 0.0.0.0:111 2010.10.07 12:10:32 LOG7[80824:81200]: Service gmail opened FD=156 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:81200]: stunnel 4.34 on x86-pc-mingw32-gnu with OpenSSL 1.0.0a 1 Jun 2010 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:81200]: Threading:WIN32 SSL:ENGINE Sockets:SELECT,IPv6 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:81844]: Service gmail accepted FD=188 from 127.0.0.1:24813 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:81844]: Creating a new thread 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:81844]: New thread created 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Service gmail started 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: FD=188 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Option TCP_NODELAY set on local socket 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:25144]: Service gmail accepted connection from 127.0.0.1:24813 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: FD=212 in non-blocking mode 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG6[80824:25144]: connect_blocking: connecting 209.85.227.109:995 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: connect_blocking: s_poll_wait 209.85.227.109:995: waiting 10 seconds 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:25144]: connect_blocking: connected 209.85.227.109:995 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG5[80824:25144]: Service gmail connected remote server from 192.168.1.9:24814 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Remote FD=212 initialized 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: Option TCP_NODELAY set on remote socket 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): before/connect initialization 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client hello A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server hello A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server certificate A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read server done A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write client key exchange A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write change cipher spec A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 write finished A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 flush data 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL state (connect): SSLv3 read finished A 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 1 items in the session cache 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 1 client connects (SSL_connect()) 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 1 client connects that finished 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 client renegotiations requested 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 server connects (SSL_accept()) 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 server connects that finished 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 server renegotiations requested 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 session cache hits 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 external session cache hits 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 session cache misses 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG7[80824:25144]: 0 session cache timeouts 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG6[80824:25144]: SSL connected: new session negotiated 2010.10.07 12:10:33 LOG6[80824:25144]: Negotiated ciphers: RC4-MD5 SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=RC4(128) Mac=MD5 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG7[80824:25144]: SSL socket closed on SSL_read 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG7[80824:25144]: Sending socket write shutdown 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG5[80824:25144]: Connection closed: 53 bytes sent to SSL, 118 bytes sent to socket 2010.10.07 12:10:34 LOG7[80824:25144]: Service gmail finished (0 left)

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  • C#/.NET Little Wonders: The Useful But Overlooked Sets

    - by James Michael Hare
    Once again we consider some of the lesser known classes and keywords of C#.  Today we will be looking at two set implementations in the System.Collections.Generic namespace: HashSet<T> and SortedSet<T>.  Even though most people think of sets as mathematical constructs, they are actually very useful classes that can be used to help make your application more performant if used appropriately. A Background From Math In mathematical terms, a set is an unordered collection of unique items.  In other words, the set {2,3,5} is identical to the set {3,5,2}.  In addition, the set {2, 2, 4, 1} would be invalid because it would have a duplicate item (2).  In addition, you can perform set arithmetic on sets such as: Intersections: The intersection of two sets is the collection of elements common to both.  Example: The intersection of {1,2,5} and {2,4,9} is the set {2}. Unions: The union of two sets is the collection of unique items present in either or both set.  Example: The union of {1,2,5} and {2,4,9} is {1,2,4,5,9}. Differences: The difference of two sets is the removal of all items from the first set that are common between the sets.  Example: The difference of {1,2,5} and {2,4,9} is {1,5}. Supersets: One set is a superset of a second set if it contains all elements that are in the second set. Example: The set {1,2,5} is a superset of {1,5}. Subsets: One set is a subset of a second set if all the elements of that set are contained in the first set. Example: The set {1,5} is a subset of {1,2,5}. If We’re Not Doing Math, Why Do We Care? Now, you may be thinking: why bother with the set classes in C# if you have no need for mathematical set manipulation?  The answer is simple: they are extremely efficient ways to determine ownership in a collection. For example, let’s say you are designing an order system that tracks the price of a particular equity, and once it reaches a certain point will trigger an order.  Now, since there’s tens of thousands of equities on the markets, you don’t want to track market data for every ticker as that would be a waste of time and processing power for symbols you don’t have orders for.  Thus, we just want to subscribe to the stock symbol for an equity order only if it is a symbol we are not already subscribed to. Every time a new order comes in, we will check the list of subscriptions to see if the new order’s stock symbol is in that list.  If it is, great, we already have that market data feed!  If not, then and only then should we subscribe to the feed for that symbol. So far so good, we have a collection of symbols and we want to see if a symbol is present in that collection and if not, add it.  This really is the essence of set processing, but for the sake of comparison, let’s say you do a list instead: 1: // class that handles are order processing service 2: public sealed class OrderProcessor 3: { 4: // contains list of all symbols we are currently subscribed to 5: private readonly List<string> _subscriptions = new List<string>(); 6:  7: ... 8: } Now whenever you are adding a new order, it would look something like: 1: public PlaceOrderResponse PlaceOrder(Order newOrder) 2: { 3: // do some validation, of course... 4:  5: // check to see if already subscribed, if not add a subscription 6: if (!_subscriptions.Contains(newOrder.Symbol)) 7: { 8: // add the symbol to the list 9: _subscriptions.Add(newOrder.Symbol); 10: 11: // do whatever magic is needed to start a subscription for the symbol 12: } 13:  14: // place the order logic! 15: } What’s wrong with this?  In short: performance!  Finding an item inside a List<T> is a linear - O(n) – operation, which is not a very performant way to find if an item exists in a collection. (I used to teach algorithms and data structures in my spare time at a local university, and when you began talking about big-O notation you could immediately begin to see eyes glossing over as if it was pure, useless theory that would not apply in the real world, but I did and still do believe it is something worth understanding well to make the best choices in computer science). Let’s think about this: a linear operation means that as the number of items increases, the time that it takes to perform the operation tends to increase in a linear fashion.  Put crudely, this means if you double the collection size, you might expect the operation to take something like the order of twice as long.  Linear operations tend to be bad for performance because they mean that to perform some operation on a collection, you must potentially “visit” every item in the collection.  Consider finding an item in a List<T>: if you want to see if the list has an item, you must potentially check every item in the list before you find it or determine it’s not found. Now, we could of course sort our list and then perform a binary search on it, but sorting is typically a linear-logarithmic complexity – O(n * log n) - and could involve temporary storage.  So performing a sort after each add would probably add more time.  As an alternative, we could use a SortedList<TKey, TValue> which sorts the list on every Add(), but this has a similar level of complexity to move the items and also requires a key and value, and in our case the key is the value. This is why sets tend to be the best choice for this type of processing: they don’t rely on separate keys and values for ordering – so they save space – and they typically don’t care about ordering – so they tend to be extremely performant.  The .NET BCL (Base Class Library) has had the HashSet<T> since .NET 3.5, but at that time it did not implement the ISet<T> interface.  As of .NET 4.0, HashSet<T> implements ISet<T> and a new set, the SortedSet<T> was added that gives you a set with ordering. HashSet<T> – For Unordered Storage of Sets When used right, HashSet<T> is a beautiful collection, you can think of it as a simplified Dictionary<T,T>.  That is, a Dictionary where the TKey and TValue refer to the same object.  This is really an oversimplification, but logically it makes sense.  I’ve actually seen people code a Dictionary<T,T> where they store the same thing in the key and the value, and that’s just inefficient because of the extra storage to hold both the key and the value. As it’s name implies, the HashSet<T> uses a hashing algorithm to find the items in the set, which means it does take up some additional space, but it has lightning fast lookups!  Compare the times below between HashSet<T> and List<T>: Operation HashSet<T> List<T> Add() O(1) O(1) at end O(n) in middle Remove() O(1) O(n) Contains() O(1) O(n)   Now, these times are amortized and represent the typical case.  In the very worst case, the operations could be linear if they involve a resizing of the collection – but this is true for both the List and HashSet so that’s a less of an issue when comparing the two. The key thing to note is that in the general case, HashSet is constant time for adds, removes, and contains!  This means that no matter how large the collection is, it takes roughly the exact same amount of time to find an item or determine if it’s not in the collection.  Compare this to the List where almost any add or remove must rearrange potentially all the elements!  And to find an item in the list (if unsorted) you must search every item in the List. So as you can see, if you want to create an unordered collection and have very fast lookup and manipulation, the HashSet is a great collection. And since HashSet<T> implements ICollection<T> and IEnumerable<T>, it supports nearly all the same basic operations as the List<T> and can use the System.Linq extension methods as well. All we have to do to switch from a List<T> to a HashSet<T>  is change our declaration.  Since List and HashSet support many of the same members, chances are we won’t need to change much else. 1: public sealed class OrderProcessor 2: { 3: private readonly HashSet<string> _subscriptions = new HashSet<string>(); 4:  5: // ... 6:  7: public PlaceOrderResponse PlaceOrder(Order newOrder) 8: { 9: // do some validation, of course... 10: 11: // check to see if already subscribed, if not add a subscription 12: if (!_subscriptions.Contains(newOrder.Symbol)) 13: { 14: // add the symbol to the list 15: _subscriptions.Add(newOrder.Symbol); 16: 17: // do whatever magic is needed to start a subscription for the symbol 18: } 19: 20: // place the order logic! 21: } 22:  23: // ... 24: } 25: Notice, we didn’t change any code other than the declaration for _subscriptions to be a HashSet<T>.  Thus, we can pick up the performance improvements in this case with minimal code changes. SortedSet<T> – Ordered Storage of Sets Just like HashSet<T> is logically similar to Dictionary<T,T>, the SortedSet<T> is logically similar to the SortedDictionary<T,T>. The SortedSet can be used when you want to do set operations on a collection, but you want to maintain that collection in sorted order.  Now, this is not necessarily mathematically relevant, but if your collection needs do include order, this is the set to use. So the SortedSet seems to be implemented as a binary tree (possibly a red-black tree) internally.  Since binary trees are dynamic structures and non-contiguous (unlike List and SortedList) this means that inserts and deletes do not involve rearranging elements, or changing the linking of the nodes.  There is some overhead in keeping the nodes in order, but it is much smaller than a contiguous storage collection like a List<T>.  Let’s compare the three: Operation HashSet<T> SortedSet<T> List<T> Add() O(1) O(log n) O(1) at end O(n) in middle Remove() O(1) O(log n) O(n) Contains() O(1) O(log n) O(n)   The MSDN documentation seems to indicate that operations on SortedSet are O(1), but this seems to be inconsistent with its implementation and seems to be a documentation error.  There’s actually a separate MSDN document (here) on SortedSet that indicates that it is, in fact, logarithmic in complexity.  Let’s put it in layman’s terms: logarithmic means you can double the collection size and typically you only add a single extra “visit” to an item in the collection.  Take that in contrast to List<T>’s linear operation where if you double the size of the collection you double the “visits” to items in the collection.  This is very good performance!  It’s still not as performant as HashSet<T> where it always just visits one item (amortized), but for the addition of sorting this is a good thing. Consider the following table, now this is just illustrative data of the relative complexities, but it’s enough to get the point: Collection Size O(1) Visits O(log n) Visits O(n) Visits 1 1 1 1 10 1 4 10 100 1 7 100 1000 1 10 1000   Notice that the logarithmic – O(log n) – visit count goes up very slowly compare to the linear – O(n) – visit count.  This is because since the list is sorted, it can do one check in the middle of the list, determine which half of the collection the data is in, and discard the other half (binary search).  So, if you need your set to be sorted, you can use the SortedSet<T> just like the HashSet<T> and gain sorting for a small performance hit, but it’s still faster than a List<T>. Unique Set Operations Now, if you do want to perform more set-like operations, both implementations of ISet<T> support the following, which play back towards the mathematical set operations described before: IntersectWith() – Performs the set intersection of two sets.  Modifies the current set so that it only contains elements also in the second set. UnionWith() – Performs a set union of two sets.  Modifies the current set so it contains all elements present both in the current set and the second set. ExceptWith() – Performs a set difference of two sets.  Modifies the current set so that it removes all elements present in the second set. IsSupersetOf() – Checks if the current set is a superset of the second set. IsSubsetOf() – Checks if the current set is a subset of the second set. For more information on the set operations themselves, see the MSDN description of ISet<T> (here). What Sets Don’t Do Don’t get me wrong, sets are not silver bullets.  You don’t really want to use a set when you want separate key to value lookups, that’s what the IDictionary implementations are best for. Also sets don’t store temporal add-order.  That is, if you are adding items to the end of a list all the time, your list is ordered in terms of when items were added to it.  This is something the sets don’t do naturally (though you could use a SortedSet with an IComparer with a DateTime but that’s overkill) but List<T> can. Also, List<T> allows indexing which is a blazingly fast way to iterate through items in the collection.  Iterating over all the items in a List<T> is generally much, much faster than iterating over a set. Summary Sets are an excellent tool for maintaining a lookup table where the item is both the key and the value.  In addition, if you have need for the mathematical set operations, the C# sets support those as well.  The HashSet<T> is the set of choice if you want the fastest possible lookups but don’t care about order.  In contrast the SortedSet<T> will give you a sorted collection at a slight reduction in performance.   Technorati Tags: C#,.Net,Little Wonders,BlackRabbitCoder,ISet,HashSet,SortedSet

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