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• Learning to code first game, few questions on basic game development and 3D

  - by ProgrammerByDay

  I've been programming for a while, and I'm concurrently learning how to make a basic game and slimdx, and wanted to talk to someone to hopefully get a few pointers. I've read that Tetris is the "Hello, world" of game programming, which made sense to me, so I decided to give it a shot. I've been able to code up a basic version in a few hours, which I'm quite happy with, but I had a few questions about 3D programming. Right now I'm using Direct3D to do display the blocks without any textures (just colored squares). I have a data structure (2d array of bytes, where each byte denotes the presence of a block and its color) which is the "game board," and on every render() call I create a new vertex buffer of the existing squares in the game board, and draw those primitives. This feels very inefficient, and I wondering what would be the idiomatic way of doing this in a 3D world, with matrix/rotations/translation operations. I know 3D is overkill for such a project, but I want to learn any 3d concepts that I can while I'm doing it. I understand that what you'd usually want to do is keep the same vertices/vertex buffers but manipulate them with matrices to achieve rotations/translations, etc. To do so, I assume what would happen is I'd have one vertex buffer for the "active" piece, since that'll be constantly rotated and moved, and have one vertex buffer for the frozen pieces on the bottom of the board, which is pretty much stationary, but will need to be changed/recreated when the active piece becomes frozen. Right now I'm just clearing and redrawing on every render call, which seems like the easiest way to do things, although I wonder if there's a more efficient way to deal with changes. Obviously there are a lot of questions I'm asking here, but if you can even just point me a step or two ahead in terms of how I should be thinking, it'd be great. Thanks

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• Script language native extensions - avoiding name collisions and cluttering others' namespace

  - by H2CO3

  I have developed a small scripting language and I've just started writing the very first native library bindings. This is practically the first time I'm writing a native extension to a script language, so I've run into a conceptual issue. I'd like to write glue code for popular libraries so that they can be used from this language, and because of the design of the engine I've written, this is achieved using an array of C structs describing the function name visible by the virtual machine, along with a function pointer. Thus, a native binding is really just a global array variable, and now I must obviously give it a (preferably good) name. In C, it's idiomatic to put one's own functions in a "namespace" by prepending a custom prefix to function names, as in myscript_parse_source() or myscript_run_bytecode(). The custom name shall ideally describe the name of the library which it is part of. Here arises the confusion. Let's say I'm writing a binding for libcURL. In this case, it seems reasonable to call my extension library curl_myscript_binding, like this: MYSCRIPT_API const MyScriptExtFunc curl_myscript_lib[10]; But now this collides with the curl namespace. (I have even thought about calling it curlmyscript_lib but unfortunately, libcURL does not exclusively use the curl_ prefix -- the public APIs contain macros like CURLCODE_* and CURLOPT_*, so I assume this would clutter the namespace as well.) Another option would be to declare it as myscript_curl_lib, but that's good only as long as I'm the only one who writes bindings (since I know what I am doing with my namespace). As soon as other contributors start to add their own native bindings, they now clutter the myscript namespace. (I've done some research, and it seems that for example the Perl cURL binding follows this pattern. Not sure what I should think about that...) So how do you suggest I name my variables? Are there any general guidelines that should be followed?

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• Misconceptions about purely functional languages?

  - by Giorgio

  I often encounter the following statements / arguments: Pure functional programming languages do not allow side effects (and are therefore of little use in practice because any useful program does have side effects, e.g. when it interacts with the external world). Pure functional programming languages do not allow to write a program that maintains state (which makes programming very awkward because in many application you do need state). I am not an expert in functional languages but here is what I have understood about these topics until now. Regarding point 1, you can interact with the environment in purely functional languages but you have to explicitly mark the code (functions) that introduces them (e.g. in Haskell by means of monadic types). Also, AFAIK computing by side effects (destructively updating data) should also be possible (using monadic types?) but is not the preferred way of working. Regarding point 2, AFAIK you can represent state by threading values through several computation steps (in Haskell, again, using monadic types) but I have no practical experience doing this and my understanding is rather vague. So, are the two statements above correct in any sense or are they just misconceptions about purely functional languages? If they are misconceptions, how did they come about? Could you write a (possibly small) code snippet illustrating the Haskell idiomatic way to (1) implement side effects and (2) implement a computation with state?

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• Is the Entity Component System architecture object oriented by definition?

  - by tieTYT

  Is the Entity Component System architecture object oriented, by definition? It seems more procedural or functional to me. My opinion is that it doesn't prevent you from implementing it in an OO language, but it would not be idiomatic to do so in a staunchly OO way. It seems like ECS separates data (E & C) from behavior (S). As evidence: The idea is to have no game methods embedded in the entity. And: The component consists of a minimal set of data needed for a specific purpose Systems are single purpose functions that take a set of entities which have a specific component I think this is not object oriented because a big part of being object oriented is combining your data and behavior together. As evidence: In contrast, the object-oriented approach encourages the programmer to place data where it is not directly accessible by the rest of the program. Instead, the data is accessed by calling specially written functions, commonly called methods, which are bundled in with the data. ECS, on the other hand, seems to be all about separating your data from your behavior.

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• Using foldr to append two lists together (Haskell)

  - by Luke Murphy

  I have been given the following question as part of a college assignment. Due to the module being very short, we are using only a subset of Haskell, without any of the syntactic sugar or idiomatic shortcuts....I must write: append xs ys : The list formed by joining the lists xs and ys, in that order append (5:8:3:[]) (4:7:[]) => 5:8:3:4:7:[] I understand the concept of how foldr works, but I am only starting off in Functional programming. I managed to write the following working solution (hidden for the benefit of others in my class...) : However, I just can't for the life of me, explain what the hell is going on!? I wrote it by just fiddling around in the interpreter, for example, the following line : foldr (\x -> \y -> x:y) [] (2:3:4:[]) which returned [2:3:4] , which led me to try, foldr (\x -> \y -> x:y) (2:3:4:[]) (5:6:7:[]) which returned [5,6,7,2,3,4] so I worked it out from there. I came to the correct solution through guess work and a bit of luck... I am working from the following definition of foldr: foldr = \f -> \s -> \xs -> if null xs then s else f (head xs) (foldr f s (tail xs) ) Can someone baby step me through my correct solution? I can't seem to get it....I already have scoured the web, and also read a bunch of SE threads, such as How foldr works

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• How to encourage domain experts familiar only with C into a C++ opensource project [closed]

  - by paperjam

  Possible Duplicate: How to persuade C fanatics to work on my C++ open source project? I am launching an open-source project into a space where a lot of development is done Linux-kernel-style, i.e. C-language with a low-level mindset. My project is broad and complex and uses aspects of the C++ language and libraries, including the Boost library to best effect for simple, slightly syntactically sweetened, elegant and well structured high level code. We are using C++ templates too to avoid duplication of code and for static polymorphism in code specialisation for performance. Many of the experts in this field are well used to pure C-language projects. How can I persuade them to contribute to my idiomatic C++ based project? I have no objection to C-language subcomponents or the use of a C-like subset for parts of the project so that might be part of the answer. This is a rewritten and retagged rehash of my previous question that was closed. Apologies to those who read and answered for it not being constructive. I hope this new question is viewed as constructive. Please note that this is not a language advocacy question and please keep answers in that spirit.

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• Do there exist programming languages where a variable can truly know its own name?

  - by Job

  In PHP and Python one can iterate over the local variables and, if there is only once choice where the value matches, you could say that you know what the variable's name is, but this does not always work. Machine code does not have variable names. C compiles to assembly and does not have any native reflection capabilities, so it would not know it's name. (Edit: per Anton's answer the pre-processor can know the variable's name). Do there exist programming languages where a variable would know it's name? It gets tricky if you do something like b = a and b does not become a copy of a but a reference to the same place. EDIT: Why in the world would you want this? I can think of one example: error checking that can survive automatic refactoring. Consider this C# snippet: private void CheckEnumStr(string paramName, string paramValue) { if (paramName != "pony" && paramName != "horse") { string exceptionMessage = String.Format( "Unexpected value '{0}' of the parameter named '{1}'.", paramValue, paramName); throw new ArgumentException(exceptionMessage); } } ... CheckEnumStr("a", a); // Var 'a' does not know its name - this will not survive naive auto-refactoring There are other libraries provided by Microsoft and others that allow to check for errors (sorry the names have escaped me). I have seen one library which with the help of closures/lambdas can accomplish error checking that can survive refactoring, but it does not feel idiomatic. This would be one reason why I might want a language where a variable knows its name.

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• Naming the implementation version of an interface function

  - by bolov

  When I need to write an implementation version of an interface function, I put the implementation function within a impl namespace, but with the same name as the interface function. Is this a bad practice? (the same name part, the namespace part I am confident it’s more than OK). For me, who I write the code, there is no confusion between the two, but I want to make sure this isn’t confusing for someone else. One other option would be to append impl suffix to the function name, but since it is already in a separate namespace named impl it seems redundant. Is there an idiomatic way to do this? E.g.: namespace n { namespace impl { // implementation function (hidden from users) // same name, is it ok? void foo() { // ... //sometimes it needs to call recursively or to call overloads of the interface version: foo(); // calls the implementation version. Is this confusing? n::foo(); // calls the interface version. Is this confusing? // ... } // namespace impl // interface function (exposed to users) void foo() { impl::foo(); } } // namespace n

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• C programming multiple storage backends

  - by ahjmorton

  I am starting a side project in C which requires multiple storage backends to be driven by a particular piece of logic. These storage backends would each be linked with the decision of which one to use specified at runtime. So for example if I invoke my program with one set of parameters it will perform the operations in memory but if I change the program configuration it would write to disk. The underlying idea is that each storage backend should implement the same protocol. In other words the logic for performing operations should need to know which backend it is operating on. Currently the way I have thought to provide this indirection is to have a struct of function pointers with the logic calling these function pointers. Essentially the struct would contain all the operations needed to implement the higher level logic E.g. struct Context { void (* doPartOfDoOp)(void) int (* getResult)(void); } //logic.h void doOp(Context * context) { //bunch of stuff context->doPartOfDoOp(); } int getResult(Context * context) { //bunch of stuff return context->getResult(); } My questions is if this way of solving the problem is one a C programmer would understand? I am a Java developer by trade but enjoy using C/++. Essentially the Context struct provides an interface like level of indirection. However I would like to know if there is a more idiomatic way of achieving this.

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• What are good CLI tools for JSON?

  - by jasonmp85

  General Problem Though I may be diagnosing the root cause of an event, determining how many users it affected, or distilling timing logs in order to assess the performance and throughput impact of a recent code change, my tools stay the same: grep, awk, sed, tr, uniq, sort, zcat, tail, head, join, and split. To glue them all together, Unix gives us pipes, and for fancier filtering we have xargs. If these fail me, there's always perl -e. These tools are perfect for processing CSV files, tab-delimited files, log files with a predictable line format, or files with comma-separated key-value pairs. In other words, files where each line has next to no context. XML Analogues I recently needed to trawl through Gigabytes of XML to build a histogram of usage by user. This was easy enough with the tools I had, but for more complicated queries the normal approaches break down. Say I have files with items like this: <foo user="me"> <baz key="zoidberg" value="squid" /> <baz key="leela" value="cyclops" /> <baz key="fry" value="rube" /> </foo> And let's say I want to produce a mapping from user to average number of <baz>s per <foo>. Processing line-by-line is no longer an option: I need to know which user's <foo> I'm currently inspecting so I know whose average to update. Any sort of Unix one liner that accomplishes this task is likely to be inscrutable. Fortunately in XML-land, we have wonderful technologies like XPath, XQuery, and XSLT to help us. Previously, I had gotten accustomed to using the wonderful XML::XPath Perl module to accomplish queries like the one above, but after finding a TextMate Plugin that could run an XPath expression against my current window, I stopped writing one-off Perl scripts to query XML. And I just found out about XMLStarlet which is installing as I type this and which I look forward to using in the future. JSON Solutions? So this leads me to my question: are there any tools like this for JSON? It's only a matter of time before some investigation task requires me to do similar queries on JSON files, and without tools like XPath and XSLT, such a task will be a lot harder. If I had a bunch of JSON that looked like this: { "firstName": "Bender", "lastName": "Robot", "age": 200, "address": { "streetAddress": "123", "city": "New York", "state": "NY", "postalCode": "1729" }, "phoneNumber": [ { "type": "home", "number": "666 555-1234" }, { "type": "fax", "number": "666 555-4567" } ] } And wanted to find the average number of phone numbers each person had, I could do something like this with XPath: fn:avg(/fn:count(phoneNumber)) Questions Are there any command-line tools that can "query" JSON files in this way? If you have to process a bunch of JSON files on a Unix command line, what tools do you use? Heck, is there even work being done to make a query language like this for JSON? If you do use tools like this in your day-to-day work, what do you like/dislike about them? Are there any gotchas? I'm noticing more and more data serialization is being done using JSON, so processing tools like this will be crucial when analyzing large data dumps in the future. Language libraries for JSON are very strong and it's easy enough to write scripts to do this sort of processing, but to really let people play around with the data shell tools are needed. Related Questions Grep and Sed Equivalent for XML Command Line Processing Is there a query language for JSON? JSONPath or other XPath like utility for JSON/Javascript; or Jquery JSON

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• Named pipe blocking with user nobody

  - by dnagirl

  I have 2 short scripts. The first, an awk script, processes a large file and prints to a named pipe 'myfifo.dat'. The second, a Perl script, runs a LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'myfifo.dat'... command. Both of these scripts work when run locally like so: lee.awk big.file & lee.pl However, when I call these scripts from a PHP webpage, the named pipe blocks: $awk="/path/to/lee.awk {$_FILES['uploadfile']['tmp_name']} &"; $sql="/path/to/lee.pl"; if(!exec($awk,$return,$err)) throw new ZException(print_r($err,true)); //blocks here if(!exec($sql,$return,$err)) throw new ZException(print_r($err,true)); If I modify the awk and Perl scripts so that they write and read to a normal file, everything works fine from PHP. The permissions on the fifo and the normal file are 666 (for testing purposes). These operations run much more quickly through a named pipe, so I'd prefer to use one. Any ideas how to unblock it? ps. In case you're wondering why I'm going to all this aggravation, see this SO question.

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• Japanese text garbled while passing to a http restlet service

  - by satish-gunuputi

  Hi , I have a perl client which is calling a http restlet service (put method). Some of the parameters in this call contain japanese text. when I printed the contents of these request parameters in the restlet service I found these chars garbled ! This is my PERL client code: my %request_headers = ( 'DocumentName' => $document_name, --> This name is a JAPANESE String 'DocumentDescription' => 'Test Japanese Chars', 'content-length' => 200, 'Content-Type' => 'application/octet-stream; charset=utf-8', 'User-Agent' => "JPCharTester", ); $s-write_request('PUT', '/test-document/TEST/TEST_DOCUMENT' , %request_headers, $content); in this call both the values of $context and $document_name are JAPANESE Strings. But ONLY the document_name is received as garbled in my backend service. Here goes the Service code: String URL_ENCODING = "UTF-8"; String documentName = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("DocumentName"); System.out.println("Encoded Document Name : "+documentName+" <<<"); --> documentName is garbled here try { documentName = URLDecoder.decode(documentName, URL_ENCODING); System.out.println(>>> Decoded Document Name : "+documentName+" <<<"); --> documentName is garbled here } catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException ex) { throwException(ex.getMessage(), Status.SERVER_ERROR_INTERNAL, ex); } both the above log statements printed GARBLED TEXT !! Can someone tell me what is the mistake I am doing and how to fix this ? Thanks in advance for your help. Regards, Satish.

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• Text editor capable of viewing invisibles?

  - by Timo

  A recent problem* left me wondering whether there is a text editor out there that lets you see every single character of the file, even if they are invisible? Specifically, I'm not looking for hex editing capabilities, I am interested in a text editor that'll show me all of the invisible characters (not just the common whitespace / line break characters). The BOM marker is just one example, others are e.g. mathematical invisibles or possibly unsupported characters. I'm not looking for a text editor that simply supports a large variety of text encoding / translations between encodings. All text editors I've come across treat the invisible characters correctly i.e. leave them invisible (or simply get removed in the translation as in the case of the BOM marker). I'm asking this mostly out of academic interests, so I'm not particular about any specific OS. I can easily test Linux and OSX solutions, but if you recommend a Windows editor, I would appreciate if you include descriptions of how the editor handles invisibles other than whitespace / line breaks. *The incident that lead me to this question: I wrote a perl script using TextWrangler and managed to change the encoding to UTF8 BOM, which inserts te BOM marker at the start of the file. Perl (or rather the operating system) promptly misses the #! and mayhem ensues. It then took me the better part of an afternoon to figure this out since most text editors do not show the BOM marker even with various "show invisibles" options turned on. Now I've learned my lesson and will use less immediately :-).

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• R: dev.copy2pdf, multiple graphic devices to a single file, how to append to file?

  - by Timtico

  Hi everybody, I have a script that makes barplots, and opens a new window when 6 barplots have been written to the screen and keeps opening new graphic devices whenever necessary. Depending on the input, this leaves me with a potential large number of openened windows (graphic devices) which I would like to write to a single PDF file. Considering my Perl background, I decided to iterate over the different graphics devices, printing them out one by one. I would like to keep appending to a single PDF file, but I do not know how to do this, or if this is even possible. I would like to avoid looping in R. :) The code I use: for (i in 1:length(dev.list()) { dev.set(which = dev.list()[i] dev.copy2pdf(device = quartz, file = "/Users/Tim/Desktop/R/Filename.pdf") } However, this is not working as it will overwrite the file each time. Now is there an append function in R, like there is in Perl. Which allows me to keep adding pages to the existing pdf file? Or is there a way to contain the information in a graphic window to a object, and keep adding new graphic devices to this object and finally print the whole thing to a file? Other possible solutions I thought about: writing different pdf files, combining them after creation (perhaps even possible in R, with the right libraries installed?) copying the information in all different windows to one big graphic device and then print this to a pdf file.

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• Is there a good tutorial for figuring out what a website is doing so your program can do the same th

  - by brian d foy

  Is there a good guide or tutorial for people who need to programmatically interact with dynamic websites? There's been a rash of Perl questions about that lately, and I haven't found a good resource to point people toward. I'm asking not because I need one but because I don't want to waste my time writing it if it already exists. Although I'm most interested in Perl, the extra tools and techniques are mostly the same. Typically, I see see these problems in people's questions: Handling, setting, and saving cookies Finding and interacting with forms Handling JavaScript inside your user-agent especially things like onLoad, onSumbit, and Ajax Using HTTP sniffer tools Using Web developer plugins in interactive browsers Interacting with DOM, screen scraping, etc. If there's no good tutorial, I'll add it to my list of things to do (unless someone else wants to do it :). Along the way, if you don't have a suggestion for an existing tutorial, please suggest the things that you think should be in a new one, including links, your favorite tools, and your own user-agent development experiences. I don't care about the particular language you use.

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• Binary search in a sorted (memory-mapped ?) file in Java

  - by sds

  I am struggling to port a Perl program to Java, and learning Java as I go. A central component of the original program is a Perl module that does string prefix lookups in a +500 GB sorted text file using binary search (essentially, "seek" to a byte offset in the middle of the file, backtrack to nearest newline, compare line prefix with the search string, "seek" to half/double that byte offset, repeat until found...) I have experimented with several database solutions but found that nothing beats this in sheer lookup speed with data sets of this size. Do you know of any existing Java library that implements such functionality? Failing that, could you point me to some idiomatic example code that does random access reads in text files? Alternatively, I am not familiar with the new (?) Java I/O libraries but would it be an option to memory-map the 500 GB text file (I'm on a 64-bit machine with memory to spare) and do binary search on the memory-mapped byte array? I would be very interested to hear any experiences you have to share about this and similar problems.

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• mod_cgi , mod_fastcgi, mod_scgi , mod_wsgi, mod_python, FLUP. I don't know how many more. what is mo

  - by claws

  I recently learnt Python. I liked it. I just wanted to use it for web development. This thought caused all the troubles. But I like these troubles :) Coming from PHP world where there is only one way standardized. I expected the same and searched for python & apache. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/449055/setting-up-python-on-windows-apache says Stay away from mod_python. One common misleading idea is that mod_python is like mod_php, but for python. That is not true. So what is equivalent of mod_php in python? I need little clarification on this one http://stackoverflow.com/questions/219110/how-python-web-frameworks-wsgi-and-cgi-fit-together CGI, FastCGI and SCGI are language agnostic. You can write CGI scripts in Perl, Python, C, bash, or even Assembly :). So, I guess mod_cgi , mod_fastcgi, mod_scgi are their corresponding apache modules. Right? WSGI is some kind of optimized/improved inshort an efficient version specifically designed for python language only. In order to use this mod_wsgi is a way to go. right? This leaves out mod_python. What is it then? Apache - mod_fastcgi - FLUP (via CGI protocol) - Django (via WSGI protocol) Flup is another way to run with wsgi for any webserver that can speak FCGI, SCGI or AJP What is FLUP? What is AJP? How did Django come in the picture? These questions raise quetions about PHP. How is it actually running? What technology is it using? mod_php & mod_python what are the differences? In future if I want to use Perl or Java then again will I have to get confused? Kindly can someone explain things clearly and give a Complete Picture.

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• Get current PHP executable from within script?

  - by benizi

  I want to run a PHP cli program from within PHP cli. On some machines where this will run, both php4 and php5 are installed. If I run the outer program as php5 outer.php I want the inner script to be run with the same php version. In Perl, I would use $^X to get the perl executable. It appears there's no such variable in PHP? Right now, I'm using $_SERVER['_'], because bash (and zsh) set the environment variable $_ to the last-run program. But, I'd rather not rely on a shell-specific idiom. UPDATE: Version differences are but one problem. If PHP isn't in PATH, for example, or isn't the first version found in PATH, the suggestions to find the version information won't help. Additionally, csh and variants appear to not set the $_ environment variable for their processes, so the workaround isn't applicable there. UPDATE 2: I was using $_SERVER['_'], until I discovered that it doesn't do the right thing under xargs (which makes sense... zsh sets it to the command it ran, which is xargs, not php5, and xargs doesn't change the variable). Falling back to using: $version = explode('.', phpversion()); $phpcli = "php{$version[0]}";

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• Safe way to set computed environment variables

  - by sfink

  I have a bash script that I am modifying to accept key=value pairs from stdin. (It is spawned by xinetd.) How can I safely convert those key=value pairs into environment variables for subprocesses? I plan to only allow keys that begin with a predefined prefix "CMK_", to avoid IFS or any other "dangerous" variable getting set. But the simplistic approach function import () { local IFS="=" while read key val; do case "$key" in CMK_*) eval "$key=$val";; esac done } is horribly insecure because $val could contain all sorts of nasty stuff. This seems like it would work: shopt -s extglob function import () { NORMAL_IFS="$IFS" local IFS="=" while read key val; do case "$key" in CMK_*([a-zA-Z_]) ) IFS="$NORMAL_IFS" eval $key='$val' IFS="=" ;; esac done } but (1) it uses the funky extglob thing that I've never used before, and (2) it's complicated enough that I can't be comfortable that it's secure. My goal, to be specific, is to allow key=value settings to pass through the bash script into the environment of called processes. It is up to the subprocesses to deal with potentially hostile values getting set. I am modifying someone else's script, so I don't want to just convert it to Perl and be done with it. I would also rather not change it around to invoke the subprocesses differently, something like #!/bin/sh ...start of script... perl -nle '($k,$v)=split(/=/,$_,2); $ENV{$k}=$v if $k =~ /^CMK_/; END { exec("subprocess") }' ...end of script...

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• VBScript: Disable caching of response from server to HTTP GET URL request

  - by Rob

  I want to turn off the cache used when a URL call to a server is made from VBScript running within an application on a Windows machine. What function/method/object do I use to do this? When the call is made for the first time, my Linux based Apache server returns a response back from the CGI Perl script that it is running. However, subsequent runs of the script seem to be using the same response as for the first time, so the data is being cached somewhere. My server logs confirm that the server is not being called in those subsequent times, only in the first time. This is what I am doing. I am using the following code from within a commercial application (don't wish to mention this application, probably not relevant to my problem): With CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP") .open "GET", "http://myserver/cgi-bin/nsr/nsr.cgi?aparam=1", False .send nsrresponse =.responseText End With Is there a function/method on the above object to turn off caching, or should I be calling a method/function to turn off the caching on a response object before making the URL? I looked here for a solution: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms535874(VS.85).aspx - not quite helpful enough. And here: http://www.w3.org/TR/XMLHttpRequest/ - very unfriendly and hard to read. I am also trying to force not using the cache using http header settings and html document header meta data: Snippet of server-side Perl CGI script that returns the response back to the calling client, set expiry to 0. print $httpGetCGIRequest-header( -type = 'text/html', -expires = '+0s', ); Http header settings in response sent back to client: <html><head><meta http-equiv="CACHE-CONTROL" content="NO-CACHE"></head> <body> response message generated from server </body> </html> The above http header and html document head settings haven't worked, hence my question.

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• R:how to get grep to return the match, rather than the whole string

  - by Mike Dewar

  Hi, I have what is probably a really dumb grep in R question. Apologies, because this seems like it should be so easy - I'm obviously just missing something. I have a vector of strings, let's call it alice. Some of alice is printed out below: T.8EFF.SP.OT1.D5.VSVOVA#4 T.8EFF.SP.OT1.D6.LISOVA#1 T.8EFF.SP.OT1.D6.LISOVA#2 T.8EFF.SP.OT1.D6.LISOVA#3 T.8EFF.SP.OT1.D6.VSVOVA#4 T.8EFF.SP.OT1.D8.VSVOVA#3 T.8EFF.SP.OT1.D8.VSVOVA#4 T.8MEM.SP#1 T.8MEM.SP#3 T.8MEM.SP.OT1.D106.VSVOVA#2 T.8MEM.SP.OT1.D45.LISOVA#1 T.8MEM.SP.OT1.D45.LISOVA#3 I'd like grep to give me the number after the D that appears in some of these strings, conditional on the string containing "LIS" and an empty string or something otherwise. I was hoping that grep would return me the value of a capturing group rather than the whole string. Here's my R-flavoured regexp: pattern <- (?<=\\.D)([0-9]+)(?=.LIS) nothing too complicated. But in order to get what I'm after, rather than just using grep(pattern, alice, value = TRUE, perl = TRUE) I'm doing the following, which seems bad: reg.out <- regexpr( "(?<=\\.D)[0-9]+(?=.LIS)", alice, perl=TRUE ) substr(alice,reg.out,reg.out + attr(reg.out,"match.length")-1) Looking at it now it doesn't seem too ugly, but the amount of messing about it's taken to get this utterly trivial thing working has been embarrassing. Anyone any pointers about how to go about this properly? Bonus marks for pointing me to a webpage that explains the difference between whatever I access with $,@ and attr.

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• how to hide ssh expect user/password

  - by raindrop18

  my perl cgi script I have the password/user on clear text and want to hide it or the user enter the credential interactively.is that possible? here is my code. please any help!! i am very new for perl. #!/usr/local/bin/expect ####################################################################################################### # Input: It will handle two arguments -> a device and a show command. ####################################################################################################### # ######### Start of Script ###################### # #### Set up Timeouts - Debugging Variables log_user 0 set timeout 10 set userid "USER" set password "PASS" # ############## Get two arguments - (1) Device (2) Command to be executed set device [lindex $argv 0] set command [lindex $argv 1] spawn /usr/local/bin/ssh -l $userid $device match_max [expr 32 * 1024] expect { -re "RSA key fingerprint" {send "yes\r"} timeout {puts "Host is known"} } expect { -re "username: " {send "$userid\r"} -re "(P|p)assword: " {send "$password\r"} -re "Warning:" {send "$password\r"} -re "Connection refused" {puts "Host error -> $expect_out(buffer)";exit} -re "Connection closed" {puts "Host error -> $expect_out(buffer)";exit} -re "no address.*" {puts "Host error -> $expect_out(buffer)";exit} timeout {puts "Timeout error. Is device down or unreachable?? ssh_expect";exit} } expect { -re "\[#>]$" {send "term len 0\r"} timeout {puts "Error reading prompt -> $expect_out(buffer)";exit} } expect { -re "\[#>]$" {send "$command\r"} timeout {puts "Error reading prompt -> $expect_out(buffer)";exit} } expect -re "\[#>]$" set output $expect_out(buffer) send "exit\r" puts "$output\r\n"

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• How can I split my conkeror-rc config over multiple files?

  - by Ryan Thompson

  Short version: can you help me fill in this code? var conkeror_settings_dir = ".conkeror.mozdev.org/settings"; function load_all_js_files_in_dir (dir) { var full_path = get_home_directory().appendRelativePath(dir); // YOUR CODE HERE } load_all_js_files_in_dir(conkeror_settings_dir); Background I'm trying out Conkeror for web browsing. It's an emacs-like browser running on Mozilla's rendering engine, using javascript as configuration language (filling the role that elisp plays for emacs). In my emacs config, I have split my customizations into a series of files, where each file is a single unit of related options (for example, all my perl-related settings might be in perl-settings.el. All these settings files are loaded automatically by a function in my .emacs that simply loads every elisp file under my "settings" directory. I am looking to structure my Conkeror config in the same way, with my main conkeror-rc file basically being a stub that loads all the js files under a certain directory relative to my home directory. Unfortunately, I am much less literate in javascript than I am in elisp, so I don't even know how to "source" a file.

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• lightweight/portable VCS for server-hopping DBA?

  - by Aaron

  I'm looking for a VCS that'll help me keep all of my work scripts in-sync. Requirements: Portable (as in flash drive, not code-level) Run on Windows XP and Server 2003+ No installation dependencies (Cygwin, perl, Python) I use Mercurial on my work machine for version control of the various T-SQL, ksh, perl, and CMD/BAT scripts that I maintain as a MS SQL Server DBA and Unix sysadmin. So far, hg has worked for my AIX boxes- I mount my home directory as I login, and deal with the repo as if it were local. I haven't been able to find a similar solution for the Windows machines I use. Most of them I do not have Local Admin rights; even if I did, I'd rather not install (and maintain) Python + Mercurial on all of them. I can't get to my home directory on them remotely, which leaves a client running on each machine as the only option. Bonus points for an answer that would let me use a single repo for both the Windows and Unix machines. :) I'm running WinXP, with heavy use of Cygwin and a CrunchBang VM.

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• Horizontally-centering an absolute position to match a relative position

  - by Chris Vandevelde

  I'm trying to make a div box, containing various elements, fixed at the top of the page once the page has been scrolled so that the box would normally be out of view, but scroll normally until that point (like the behaviour at http://perldoc.perl.org/perl.html). The conditionally-fixed part is pretty simple to implement (set the position to "fixed" once the user has scrolled past a certain point, and "static" once it's scrolled back up), but I'm having trouble with the positioning and dimensions; it screws up if I'm not specifying an absolute position (if I'm using % or "auto", rather than px, em, cm, etc.) or it, confusingly, left-aligns if the box is less than the width of the page. I can understand why, more or less, I'm just trying to fix it. My strategy right now is to have an invisible DIV hold the place of the box and use Prototype's clonePosition() function to hold its position, but it doesn't seem to work for some reason. Neither does copying the margin from one element to the other. Any ideas? Bonus points and eternal gratitude if you can come up with an idea that will adjust itself with the browser window (like auto margins) without setting an onresize event.

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