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  • How to add user to other filesystem

    - by chris varnz
    I'm trying to work out how to add a user to a separate filesystem, as described here, specifically point 5: Add a local user and password for the user, then add the user to the adm and sudo groups. I've read around chroot, but I don't believe this will work as the default command to run is /bin/bash, which would require the target fs to be binary compatible. In this case, the target fs is armel so isn't compatible.

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 share the internet over WiFi from wvdial?

    - by Sour Lemon
    I have just installed Ubuntu 12.04 on a separate partition on my hard drive so I can dual boot to either Windows 7 or Ubuntu. I am living in Japan and so I'm using a mobile broadband USB device called "Softbank C02LC". By default it seems that this device isn't recognised so I did the following: Terminal: sudo su nano /usr/bin/usbModemScript Nano: #!/bin/bash echo 1c9e 9900 > /sys/bus/usb-serial/drivers/option1/new_id Terminal: chmod +x /usr/bin/usbModemScript nano /etc/udev/rules.d/option.rules Nano: ATTRS{idVendor}=="1c9e", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9900", RUN+="/usr/bin/usbModemScript" ATTRS{idVendor}=="1c9e", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9900", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe option" which made the device visible from the network manager etc. However even though I set up my details correctly when I created a new connection (Correct username, APN etc) as soon as I try to connect it almost immediately disconnects. Because of this I then followed the instructions at this site: http://debugitos.main.jp/index.php?Ubuntu%2F%A5%E2%A5%D0%A5%A4%A5%EB%A5%A4%A5%F3%A5%BF%A1%BC%A5%CD%A5%C3%A5%C8 And I ended up using the c02lc_connect script at the bottom of the page to connect to the internet. The file contains the following bash script: #!/bin/sh usbinterfece=/dev/ttyUSB2 VID=1c9e PID=9900 WRONG_PID=f000 LSUSB=/usr/sbin/lsusb GREP=/bin/grep MODPROBE=/sbin/modprobe SWITCH=/usr/sbin/usb_modeswitch SWITCH_D=/etc/usb_modeswitch.d WVDIAL=/usr/bin/wvdial SLEEP=/bin/sleep SUDO=/usr/bin/sudo WHICH=/usr/bin/which switch_config="$SWITCH_D/$VID:$WRONG_PID" if ! [ -x $WVDIAL -a -x $SWITCH ]; then echo "Install wvdial and usb_modeswitch." exit 0 fi check_usb() { local vid="$1" local pid="$2" ($LSUSB | $GREP "$vid:$pid") } if ! (check_usb "$VID" "$PID"); then echo "Cannot find modem device..." if (check_usb "$VID" "$WRONG_PID") && ( [ -f "$switch_config" ] ); then echo "The device is attached but its mode is wrong." echo "Try usb_modeswitch..." $SUDO $SWITCH -c "$switch_config" $SLEEP 1 if (check_usb "$VID" "$PID"); then echo "Successfully switched the mode." else echo "Failed to switch the mode..." exit 1 fi else exit 1 fi fi if [ ! -c "$usbinterface" ]; then $SUDO $MODPROBE usbserial vendor=0x$VID product=0x$PID $SLEEP 2 fi $SUDO $WVDIAL which works completely fine - no problems what-so-ever. But we also have 1 more laptop here which I need to share the internet connection with. In Windows 7 I do this with the Connectify program, and in Ubuntu I have seen that you can do things like set up hotspots etc. But because I am using WvDial I am not sure how I would share the internet. I am only beginning to use Ubuntu but unfortunately until I can figure out how to share the internet over WiFi when connected via WvDial I have to stick with Windows. If you have any ideas on how to do this it would be much appreciated!

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  • How to enable bluetooth when there is no hardware switch

    - by Robert Mutke
    My laptop Thinkpad Edge e320 got out of standby with bluetooth and wireless disabled. WiFi got enabled normally in unity but bluetooth says that "bluetooth is disabled by hardware switch". There is no hw switch on my laptop. I tried: # echo 1 > /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/bluetooth_enable bash: echo: write error: Operation not permitted but as you see no results. Fn-F9, which is radio control, does not work. Any help?

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  • Only run CRON job if connected to specific wifi network

    - by Herbert
    I am a newbie to scripting on Linux (Lubuntu), but I would like to make a script that runs a cron job only if my laptop is connected to my home wifi. Is this possible? I guess, I could do something with iwconfig and pull the ESSID from there with grep? So far, I tried this and it seems to work: #!/bin/bash # CRON, connected to specific WIFI clear netid=HOFF216 if iwconfig | grep $netid then clear echo "True, we are connected to $netid" rsync ........... else clear echo "False, we are not connected to $netid" fi

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  • Changing $PATH doesn't work?

    - by Ashwini Chaudhary
    I was trying to set PATH in etc/environment file, but after adding the desired path the $PATH is showing an error in terminal: bash: /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games: No such file or directory Here's the content of environment file: PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/monty/google_appengine" I was trying to add the path to the folder google_appengine to the PATH as mentioned in this Answer, but it doesn't seem to work.

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  • Windows7 Console with session memory [closed]

    - by Mateusz
    I am searching console for windows 7 which have memory of typed commands which is stored when I close the cmd prompt. I got frustrated when I have to type again paths with commands, I'm developing for android and I use adb so you can know it can be quite a lot of commands to issue. Other workarounds would be appreciated. Open source or freeware prefed. I have, Console2 (don't store commands), git bash (can't work with that, have some paths issues).

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  • how to execute for loop with sed in terminal

    - by vipin8169
    I want to execute the for loop with sed command, and is getting an error for the same for i in <comma-separated server name list>;do "command";echo $i;done where command=sed '/^$/d' /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc '#' I'm getting the following error :- -bash: sed "/^$/d" /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc#: No such file or directory lu1 What is the correct way to execute this command to get the perfect output I tried this as well for i in lu1;do 'sed \'/^$/d\' /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc \'#\'';echo $i;done Also, can some explain the part '/^$/d'in sed '/^$/d' /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc '#'

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  • Current activity logger

    - by user72605
    Very inexperienced coder here: Does anyone know of an app (for iOS or Mac) that asks for my current activity every hour or so? I see tons of apps that let you log your activities, but none that use popups/notifications to actively ask you. I found a script that looks promising (source), but I'm having trouble implementing it so that it repeats every hour: #!/bin/bash echo What are you doing right now? read -e what echo `date` - $what >> timelog.txt Thanks!

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  • What's better in terms of user experience - providing an email address or a link to my projects github account?

    - by Oliver Weiler
    What's better in terms of user experience? Provide the user an email account where he can report bugs, or a link to the projects github issues page (which requires a github account but may be easier to submit bugs to)? EDIT The application is a Bash script hosted on github. The GNU Coding Standards suggests using an email address, which may or may not an appropriate solution. Target audience is the CLI power user.

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  • When does a "scripter" become a "programmer"?

    - by makerofthings7
    Is there a difference between 'scripters' and 'programmers'? What is the dividing line between scripters and programmers? Perhaps all scripters be considered to be a programmer. If not all scripters can fall into the same camp, what about those people who use external objects such as COM objects, Win32's, etc. via an interop library? As far as script languages I'm thinking of are (but not limited to) perl, bash, javascript, powershell, and batch files.

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  • Where do I put my start up script for mysql?

    - by Neo
    I have created a second instance of MySQL on the server for replication, if I start the process manually it works but need it to start at bootup. I used to just do a bash script in the init.d folder but apparently that no longer works on 11.10 Can anyone point me in the right direction? I even copied the mysql service, changed it and tried that but it refused to work. P.S It is the server edition so only Shell access.

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  • Shouldn't tasksel be installed by default?

    - by Neil Trodden
    It just isn't there on the base install of a virtual host I am evaluating from an ISP. Not in path: root@vpstest2:~# tasksel -bash: tasksel: command not found Config files not there: root@vpstest2:~# ls /usr/share/tas* ls: cannot access /usr/share/tas*: No such file or directory It's just .... gone! root@vpstest2:~# whereis tasksel tasksel: I'm a little concerned that the install is broken. Running locate spews this out: locate: can not stat () `/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db': No such file or directory

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  • makeMKV setup error

    - by PitaJ
    When I run sudo bash configure (./configure doesn't work), I get this: checking whether we are cross compiling... configure: error: in /media/pitaj/Shared/Documents/makeMKV/makemkv-oss': configure: error: cannot run C compiled programs. If you meant to cross compile, use --host'. See `config.log' for more details In console.log, it says that gcc -V isn't valid I'm following this tutorial: http://www.makemkv.com/forum2/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=224

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  • GNU GRUB version 1.99-21ubuntu3 with windows installer

    - by fwrlfo
    I have this problem after damage I think hit the OS GNU GRUB version 1.99-21ubuntu3 Minimal bash-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists possible device or file completions. I read the thread that was posted before but I don't have an ubuntu cd because I used "windows installer" ..... please don't tell me to uninstall it and install it again because I have important files and I don't want to lose. please help

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  • Help understanding the migrate wubi documentation?

    - by user110259
    I'm looking at the MigrateWubi page but I'm not sure if I need to change the partition directories to the ones I created, and if so, I'm not too sure which ones I need to change. Here are the partitions I've made: Should I just copy and paste: sudo bash wubi-move.sh /dev/sda5 /dev/sda6 into my terminal or something else? Also, do I enter just this one line or do i need to enter any other commands in there? Thanks!

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  • Java????????????????

    - by katsumii
    ????????Java ?????????????? (INOUE Katsumi @ Tokyo)?????????????java.exe???????????? jvm.dll ???????????????????????  ?????????????????4??OOW????????????????????????????????Environment Variables and System Properties - Troubleshooting Guide for HotSpot VMIn many environments the command line to start the application is not readily accessible?????????????????Oracle SQL Developer DownloadsOracle SQL Developer 3.2.2 (3.2.20.09.87) November 1, 2012?????Windows7 64-bit???Cygwin?bash????????????????2???SQL Developer??????$ JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS="-Duser.language=en" /c/c/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper.exe Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -Duser.language=en 2??????????????????????????????????????????????????$ JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS="-Duser.language=en -Xms999999999999999M" /c/c/sqldeveloper/sqldeveloper.exe Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -Duser.language=en -Xms999999999999999M Invalid initial heap size: -Xms999999999999999M Eclipse ?java.exe???????jvm.dll?????????????????????????????????????

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  • Bancassurers Seek IT Solutions to Support Distribution Model

    - by [email protected]
    Oracle Insurance's director of marketing for EMEA, John Sinclair, attended the third annual Bancassurance Forum in Vienna last month. He reports that the outlook for bancassurance in EMEA remains positive, despite changing market conditions that have led a number of bancassurers to re-examine their business models. Vienna is at the crossroads between mature Western European markets, where bancassurance is now an established best practice, and more recently tapped Eastern European markets that offer the greatest growth potential. Attendance at the Bancassurance Forum was good, with 87 bancassurance attendees, most in very senior positions in the industry. The conference provided the chance for a lively discussion among bancassurers looking to keep abreast of the latest trends in one of Europe's most successful distribution models for insurance. Even under normal business conditions, there is a great demand for best practice sharing within the industry as there is no standard formula for success.  Each company has to chart its own course and choose the strategies for sales, products development and the structure of ownership that make sense for their business, and as soon as they get it right bancassurers need to adapt the mix to keep up with ever changing regulations, completion and economic conditions.  To optimize the overall relationship between banking and insurance for mutual benefit, a balance needs to be struck between potentially conflicting interests. The banking side of the house is looking for greater wallet share from its customers and the ability to increase profitability by bundling insurance products with higher margins - especially in light of the recent economic crisis, where margins for traditional banking products are low and completion high. The insurance side of the house seeks access to new customers through a complementary distribution channel that is efficient and cost effective. To make the relationship work, it is important that both sides of the same house forge strategic and long term relationships - irrespective of whether the underlying business model is supported by a distribution agreement, cross-ownership or other forms of capital structure. However, this third annual conference was not held under normal business conditions. The conference took place in challenging, yet interesting times. ING's forced spinoff of its insurance operations under pressure by the EU Commission and the troubling losses suffered by Allianz as a result of the Dresdner bank sale were fresh in everyone's mind. One year after markets crashed, there is now enough hindsight to better understand the implications for bancassurance and best practices that are emerging to deal with them. The loan-driven business that has been crucial to bancassurance up till now evaporated during the crisis, leaving bancassurers grappling with how to change their overall strategy from a loan-driven to a more diversified model.  Attendees came to the conference to learn what strategies were working - not only to cope with the market shift, but to take advantage of it as markets pick up. Over the course of 14 customer case studies and numerous analyst presentations, topical issues ranging from getting the business model right to the impact on capital structuring of Solvency II were debated openly. Many speakers alluded to the need to specifically design insurance products with the banking distribution channel in mind, which brings with it specific requirements such as a high degree of standardization to achieve efficiency and reduce training costs. Moreover, products must be engineered to suit end consumers who consider banks a one-stop shop. The importance of IT to the successful implementation of bancassurance strategies was a theme that surfaced regularly throughout the conference.  The cross-selling opportunity - that will ultimately determine the success or failure of any bancassurance model - can only be fully realized through a flexible IT architecture that enables banking and insurance processes to be integrated and presented to front-line staff through a common interface. However, the reality is that most bancassurers have legacy IT systems, which constrain the businesses' ability to implement new strategies to maintaining competitiveness in turbulent times. My colleague Glenn Lottering, who chaired the conference, believes that the primary opportunities for bancassurers to extract value from their IT infrastructure investments lie in distribution management, risk management with the advent of Solvency II, and achieving operational excellence. "Oracle is ideally suited to meet the needs of bancassurance," Glenn noted, "supplying market-leading software for both banking and insurance. Oracle provides adaptive systems that let customers easily integrate hybrid business processes from both worlds while leveraging existing IT infrastructure." Overall, the consensus at the conference was that the outlook for bancassurance in EMEA remains positive, despite changing market conditions that have led a number of bancassurers to re-examine their business models. John Sinclair is marketing director for Oracle Insurance in EMEA. He has more than 20 years of experience in insurance and financial services.    

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  • Common business drivers that lead to creating and sustaining a project

    Common business drivers that lead to creating and sustaining a project include and are not limited to: cost reduction, increased return on investment (ROI), reduced time to market, increased speed and efficiency, increased security, and increased interoperability. These drivers primarily focus on streamlining and reducing cost to make a company more profitable with less overhead. According to Answers.com cost reduction is defined as reducing costs to improve profitability, and may be implemented when a company is having financial problems or prevent problems. ROI is defined as the amount of value received relative to the amount of money invested according to PayperclickList.com.  With the ever increasing demands on businesses to compete in today’s market, companies are constantly striving to reduce the time it takes for a concept to become a product and be sold within the global marketplace. In business, some people say time is money, so if a project can reduce the time a business process takes it in fact saves the company which is always good for the bottom line. The Social Security Administration states that data security is the protection of data from accidental or intentional but unauthorized modification, destruction. Interoperability is the capability of a system or subsystem to interact with other systems or subsystems. In my personal opinion, these drivers would not really differ for a profit-based organization, compared to a non-profit organization. Both corporate entities strive to reduce cost, and strive to keep operation budgets low. However, the reasoning behind why they want to achieve this does contrast. Typically profit based organizations strive to increase revenue and market share so that the business can grow. Alternatively, not-for-profit businesses are more interested in increasing their reach within communities whether it is to increase annual donations or invest in the lives of others. Success or failure of a project can be determined by one or more of these drivers based on the scope of a project and the company’s priorities associated with each of the drivers. In addition, if a project attempts to incorporate multiple drivers and is only partially successful, then the project might still be considered to be a success due to how close the project was to meeting each of the priorities. Continuous evaluation of the project could lead to a decision to abort a project, because it is expected to fail before completion. Evaluations should be executed after the completion of every software development process stage. Pfleeger notes that software development process stages include: Requirements Analysis and Definition System Design Program Design Program Implementation Unit Testing Integration Testing System Delivery Maintenance Each evaluation at every state should consider all the business drivers included in the scope of a project for how close they are expected to meet expectations. In addition, minimum requirements of acceptance should also be included with the scope of the project and should be reevaluated as the project progresses to ensure that the project makes good economic sense to continue. If the project falls below these benchmarks then the project should be put on hold until it does make more sense or the project should be aborted because it does not meet the business driver requirements.   References Cost Reduction Program. (n.d.). Dictionary of Accounting Terms. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from Answers.com Web site: http://www.answers.com/topic/cost-reduction-program Government Information Exchange. (n.d.). Government Information Exchange Glossary. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from SSA.gov Web site: http://www.ssa.gov/gix/definitions.html PayPerClickList.com. (n.d.). Glossary Term R - Pay Per Click List. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from PayPerClickList.com Web site: http://www.payperclicklist.com/glossary/termr.html Pfleeger, S & Atlee, J.(2009). Software Engineering: Theory and Practice. Boston:Prentice Hall Veluchamy, Thiyagarajan. (n.d.). Glossary « Thiyagarajan Veluchamy’s Blog. Retrieved July 19, 2009, from Thiyagarajan.WordPress.com Web site: http://thiyagarajan.wordpress.com/glossary/

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  • Why SQL Developer Rocks for the Advanced User Too

    - by thatjeffsmith
    While SQL Developer may be ‘perfect for Oracle beginners,’ that doesn’t preclude advanced and intermediate users from getting their fair share of toys! I’ve been working with Oracle since the 7.3.4 days, and I think it’s pretty safe to say that the WAY an ‘old timer’ uses a tool like SQL Developer is radically different than the ‘beginner.’ If you’ve been reluctant to use SQL Developer because it’s a GUI, give me a few minutes to try to convince you it’s worth a second (or third) look. 1. Help when you want it, and only when you want it One of the biggest gripes any user has with a piece of software is when said software can’t get out of it’s own way. When you’re typing in a word processor, sometimes you can do without the grammar and spelling checks, the offer to auto-complete your words, and all of the additional mark-up. This drives folks to programs like Notepad++ and vi. You can disable the code insight feature so you can type unmolested by SQL Developer’s attempt to auto-complete your object names. Now, if you happen to come across a long or hard to spell object name, you can still invoke the feature on demand using Ctrl+Spacebar Code Editor – Completion Insight – Enable Completion Auto-Popup (Keyword being Auto) 2. Automatic File Tracking SQL*Minus is nice. Vi is cool. Notepad++ has a lot of features I like. But not too many editors offer automatic logging of changes to your files without having to setup a source control system. I was doing some work on my login.sql. I’m not doing anything crazy, but seeing what I had done in previous iterations was helpful. Now imagine how nice it would be to have this available for your l,000+ line scripts! Track your scripts as they change, no setup required! 3. Extend the Functionality Know SQL and XML? Wish SQL Developer did JUST a little bit more? Build your own extensions. You can have custom context menus and object pages in just a few minutes. This is an example of lazy developers writing code that write code. 4. Get Your Money’s Worth You’ve licensed Enterprise Edition. You got your Diagnostic and Tuning packs. Now start using them! Not everyone has access to Enterprise Manager, especially developers. But that doesn’t mean they don’t need help with troubleshooting and optimizing poorly performing SQL statements. ASH, AWR, Real-Time SQL Monitoring and the SQL Tuning Advisor are built into the Reports and Worksheet. Yes you could make the package calls, but that’s a whole lot of typing, and I’d rather just get to the results. 5. Profile, Debug, & Unit Testing PLSQL An Interactive Development Environment (IDE) built by the same folks that own the programming language (Hello – Oracle PLSQL!) should be complete. It should ‘hug’ the developer and empower them to churn out programs that work, run fast, and are easy to maintain. Write it, test it, debug it, and tune it. When you’re running your programs and you just want to see the data that’s returned, that shouldn’t require any special settings or workaround to make it happen either. Magic! And a whole lot more… I could go on and talk about the support for things like DataPump, RMAN, and DBMS_SCHEDULER, but you’re experts and you’re plenty busy. If you think SQL Developer is falling short somewhere, I want you to let us know about it.

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  • C# 5 Async, Part 2: Asynchrony Today

    - by Reed
    The .NET Framework has always supported asynchronous operations.  However, different mechanisms for supporting exist throughout the framework.  While there are at least three separate asynchronous patterns used through the framework, only the latest is directly usable with the new Visual Studio Async CTP.  Before delving into details on the new features, I will talk about existing asynchronous code, and demonstrate how to adapt it for use with the new pattern. The first asynchronous pattern used in the .NET framework was the Asynchronous Programming Model (APM).  This pattern was based around callbacks.  A method is used to start the operation.  It typically is named as BeginSomeOperation.  This method is passed a callback defined as an AsyncCallback, and returns an object that implements IAsyncResult.  Later, the IAsyncResult is used in a call to a method named EndSomeOperation, which blocks until completion and returns the value normally directly returned from the synchronous version of the operation.  Often, the EndSomeOperation call would be called from the callback function passed, which allows you to write code that never blocks. While this pattern works perfectly to prevent blocking, it can make quite confusing code, and be difficult to implement.  For example, the sample code provided for FileStream’s BeginRead/EndRead methods is not simple to understand.  In addition, implementing your own asynchronous methods requires creating an entire class just to implement the IAsyncResult. Given the complexity of the APM, other options have been introduced in later versions of the framework.  The next major pattern introduced was the Event-based Asynchronous Pattern (EAP).  This provides a simpler pattern for asynchronous operations.  It works by providing a method typically named SomeOperationAsync, which signals its completion via an event typically named SomeOperationCompleted. The EAP provides a simpler model for asynchronous programming.  It is much easier to understand and use, and far simpler to implement.  Instead of requiring a custom class and callbacks, the standard event mechanism in C# is used directly.  For example, the WebClient class uses this extensively.  A method is used, such as DownloadDataAsync, and the results are returned via the DownloadDataCompleted event. While the EAP is far simpler to understand and use than the APM, it is still not ideal.  By separating your code into method calls and event handlers, the logic of your program gets more complex.  It also typically loses the ability to block until the result is received, which is often useful.  Blocking often requires writing the code to block by hand, which is error prone and adds complexity. As a result, .NET 4 introduced a third major pattern for asynchronous programming.  The Task<T> class introduced a new, simpler concept for asynchrony.  Task and Task<T> effectively represent an operation that will complete at some point in the future.  This is a perfect model for thinking about asynchronous code, and is the preferred model for all new code going forward.  Task and Task<T> provide all of the advantages of both the APM and the EAP models – you have the ability to block on results (via Task.Wait() or Task<T>.Result), and you can stay completely asynchronous via the use of Task Continuations.  In addition, the Task class provides a new model for task composition and error and cancelation handling.  This is a far superior option to the previous asynchronous patterns. The Visual Studio Async CTP extends the Task based asynchronous model, allowing it to be used in a much simpler manner.  However, it requires the use of Task and Task<T> for all operations.

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  • Is there a theory for "transactional" sequences of failing and no-fail actions?

    - by Ross Bencina
    My question is about writing transaction-like functions that execute sequences of actions, some of which may fail. It is related to the general C++ principle "destructors can't throw," no-fail property, and maybe also with multi-phase transactions or exception safety. However, I'm thinking about it in language-neutral terms. My concern is with correctly designing error handling in C++ functions that must be reliable. I would like to know what the concepts below are called so that I can learn more about them. I'm sorry that I can't ask the question more directly. Since I don't know this area I have provided an example to explain my question. The question is at the end. Here goes: Consider a sequence of steps or actions executed sequentially, where actions belong to one of two classes: those that always succeed, and those that may fail. In the examples below: S stands for an action that always succeeds (called "no-fail" in some settings). F stands for an action that may fail (for example, it might fail to allocate memory or do I/O that could fail). Consider a sequences of actions (executed sequentially from left to right): S->S->S->S Since each action in the sequence above succeeds, the whole sequence succeeds. On the other hand, the following sequence may fail because the last action may fail: S->S->S->F So, claim: a sequence has the no-fail (S) property if and only if all of its actions are no-fail. Now, I'm interested in action sequences that form "atomic transactions", with "failure atomicity," i.e. where either the whole sequence completes successfully, or there is no effect. I.e. if some action fails, the earlier ones must be rolled back. This requires that any successfully executed actions prior to a failing action must always be able to be rolled back. Consider the sequence: S->S->S->F S<-S<-S In the example above, the first row is the forward path of the transaction, and the second row are inverse actions (executed from right to left) that can be used to roll back if the final top row actions fails. It seems to me that for a transaction to support failure atomicity, the following invariant must hold: Claim: To support failure atomicity (either completion or complete roll-back on failure) all actions preceding the latest failable (F) action on the forward path (marked * in the example below) must have no-fail (S) inverses. The following is an example of a sequence that supports failure atomicity: * S->F->F->F S<-S<-S Further, if we want the transaction to be able to attempt cancellation mid-way through, but still guarantee either full completion or full rollback then we need the following property: Claim: To support failure atomicity and cancellation mid-way through execution, in the face of errors in the inverse (cancellation) path, all actions following the earliest failable (F) inverse on the reverse path (marked *) must be no-fail (S). F->F->F->S->S S<-S<-F<-F * I believe that these two conditions guarantee that an abortable/cancelable transaction will never get "stuck". My questions are: What is the study and theory of these properties called? are my claims correct? and what else is there to know? UPDATE 1: Updated terminology: what I previously called "robustness" is called atomicity in the database literature. UPDATE 2: Added explicit reference to failure atomicity, which seems to be a thing.

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  • How to automate a monitoring system for ETL runs

    - by Jeffrey McDaniel
    Upon completion of the Primavera ETL process there are a few ways to determine if the process finished successfully.  First, in the <installation directory>\log folder,  there is a staretlprocess.log and staretl.html files. These files will give the output results of the ETL run. The staretl.html file will give a detailed summary of each step of the process, its run time, and its status. The .log file, based on the logging level set in the Configuration tool, can give extensive information about the ETL process. The log file can be used as a validation for process completion.  To automate the monitoring of these log files, perform the following steps: 1. Write a custom application to parse through the log file and search for [ERROR] . In most cases,  a major [ERROR] could cause the ETL process to fail. Searching the log and finding this value is worthy of an alert. 2. Determine the total number of steps in the ETL process, and validate that the log file recorded and entry for the final step.  For example validate that your log file contains an entry for Step 39/39 (could be different based on the version you are running). If there is no Step 39/39, then either the process is taking longer than expected or it didn't make it to the end.  Either way this would be a good cause for an alert. 3. Check the last line in the log file. The last line of the log file should contain an indication that the ETL run completed successfully. For example, the last line of a log file will say (results could be different based on Reporting Database versions):   [INFO] (Message) Finished Writing Report 4. You could write an Ant script to execute the ETL process and have it set to - failonerror="true" - and from there send results to an external tool to monitor the jobs, send to email, or send to database. With each ETL run, the log file appends to the existing log file by default. Because of this behavior, I would recommend renaming the existing log files before running a new ETL process. By doing this,  only log entries for the currently running ETL process is recorded in the new log files. Based on these log entries, alerts can be setup to notify the administrator or DBA. Another way to determine if the ETL process has completed successfully is to monitor the etl_processmaster table.  Depending on the Reporting Database version this could be in the Stage or Star databases. As of Reporting Database 2.2 and higher this would be in the Star database.  The etl_processmaster table records entries for the ETL run along with a Start and Finish time.  If the ETl process has failed the Finish date should be null. This table can be queried at a time when ETL process is expected to be finished and if null send an alert.  These are just some options. There are additional ways this can be accomplished based around these two areas - log files or database. Here is an additional query to gather more information about your ETL run (connect as Staruser): SELECT SYSDATE,test_script,decode(loc, 0, PROCESSNAME, trim(SUBSTR(PROCESSNAME, loc+1))) PROCESSNAME ,duration duration from ( select (e.endtime - b.starttime) * 1440 duration, to_char(b.starttime, 'hh24:mi:ss') starttime, to_char(e.endtime, 'hh24:mi:ss') endtime,  b.PROCESSNAME, instr(b.PROCESSNAME, ']') loc, b.infotype test_script from ( select processid, infodate starttime, PROCESSNAME, INFOMSG, INFOTYPE from etl_processinfo  where processid = (select max(PROCESSID) from etl_processinfo) and infotype = 'BEGIN' ) b  inner Join ( select processid, infodate endtime, PROCESSNAME, INFOMSG, INFOTYPE from etl_processinfo  where processid = (select max(PROCESSID) from etl_processinfo) and infotype = 'END' ) e on b.processid = e.processid  and b.PROCESSNAME = e.PROCESSNAME order by b.starttime)

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  • Seperation of project responsibilities in new project

    - by dreza
    We have very recently started a new project (MVC 3.0) and some of our early discussion has been around how the work and development will be split amongst the team members to ensure we get the least amount of overlap of work and so help make it a bit easier for each developer to get on and do their work. The project is expected to take about 6 months - 1 year (although not all developers are likely to be on and might filter off towards the end), Our team is going to be small so this will help out a bit I believe. The team will essentially consist of: 3 x developers (1 a slightly more experienced and will be the lead) 1 x project manager / product owner / tester An external company responsbile for doing our design work General project/development decisions so far have included: Develop in an Agile way using SCRUM techniques (We are still very much learning this approach as a company) Use MVVM archectecture Use Ninject and DI where possible Attempt to use as TDD as much as possible to drive development. Keep our controllers as skinny as possible Keep our views as simple as possible During our discussions two approaches have been broached as too how to seperate the workload given our objectives outlined above. OPTION 1: A framework seperation where each person is responsible for conceptual areas with overlap and discussion primarily in the integration areas. The integration areas would the responsibily of both developers as required. View prototypes (**Graphic designer**) | - Mockups | Views (Razor and view helpers etc) & Javascript (**Developer 1**) | - View models (Integration point) | Controllers and Application logic (**Developer 2**) | - Models (Integration point) | Domain model and persistence (**Developer 3**) PROS: Integration points are quite clear and so developers can work without dependencies on others fairly easily Code practices such as naming conventions and style is more easily managed in regards to consistancy as primarily only one developer will be handling an area CONS: Completion of an entire feature becomes a bit grey as no single person is responsible for an entire feature (story?) A person might not have a full appreciation for all areas of the project and so code overlap might be lacking if suddenly that person left. OPTION 2: A more task orientated approach where each person is responsible for the completion of the entire task from view - controller - model. PROS: A person is responsible for one entire feature so it's "complete" state can be clearly defined Code overlap into different areas will occur so each individual has good coverage over the entire application CONS: Overlap of development will occur in all the modules and developers can develop/extend without a true understanding of what the original code owner was intending. This could potentially lead more easily to code bloat? Following a convention might be harder as developers are adding to all areas of the project If a developer sets up a way of doing things would it be harder to enforce the other developers to follow that convention or even build on it (or even discuss it?). Dunno.. Bugs could more easily be introduced into areas not thought about by the developer It's easier to possibly to carry a team member in so far as one member just hacks code together to complete a task whilst another takes time to build a foundation that could be used by others and so help make future tasks easier i.e. starts building a framework? QUESTION: As it might appear I'm more in favor of option 1, however I'm interested to see how others might have approached this or what is the standard or best or preferred way of undertaking a project. Or indeed any different approach to handling this?

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  • College Ratings via the Federal Government

    - by user9147039
    A few weeks back you might remember news about a higher education rating system proposal from the Obama administration. As I've discussed previously, political and stakeholder pressures to improve outcomes and increase transparency are stronger than ever before. The executive branch proposal is intended to make progress in this area. Quoting from the proposal itself, "The ratings will be based upon such measures as: Access, such as percentage of students receiving Pell grants; Affordability, such as average tuition, scholarships, and loan debt; and Outcomes, such as graduation and transfer rates, graduate earnings, and advanced degrees of college graduates.” This is going to be quite complex, to say the least. Most notably, higher ed is not monolithic. From community and other 2-year colleges, to small private 4-year, to professional schools, to large public research institutions…the many walks of higher ed life are, well, many. Designing a ratings system that doesn't wind up with lots of unintended consequences and collateral damage will be difficult. At best you would end up potentially tarnishing the reputation of certain institutions that were actually performing well against the metrics and outcome measures that make sense in their "context" of education. At worst you could spend a lot of time and resources designing a system that would lose credibility with its "customers". A lot of institutions I work with already have in place systems like the one described above. They are tracking completion rates, completion timeframes, transfers to other institutions, job placement, and salary information. As I talk to these institutions there are several constants worth noting: • Deciding on which metrics to measure is complicated. While employment and salary data are relatively easy to track, qualitative measures are more difficult. How do you quantify the benefit to someone who studies in one field that may not compensate him or her as well as another field but that provides huge personal fulfillment and reward is a difficult measure to quantify? • The data is available but the systems to transform the data into actual information that can be used in meaningful ways are not. Too often in higher ed information is siloed. As such, much of the data that need to be a part of a comprehensive system sit in multiple organizations, oftentimes outside the reach of core IT. • Politics and culture are big barriers. One of the areas that my team and I spend a lot of time talking about with higher ed institutions all over the world is the imperative to optimize for student success. This, like the tracking of the students’ achievement after graduation, requires a level or organizational capacity that does not currently exist. The primary barrier is the culture of "data islands" in higher ed, and the need for leadership to drive out the divisions between departments, schools, colleges, etc. and institute academy-wide analytics and data stewardship initiatives that will enable student success. • Data quality is a very big issue. So many disparate systems exist (some on premise, some "in the cloud") that keep data about "persons" using different means to identify them. Establishing a single source of truth about an individual and his or her data is difficult without some type of data quality policy and tools. Good tools actually exist but are seldom leveraged. Don't misunderstand - I think it's a great idea to drive additional transparency and accountability into the system of higher education. And not just at home, but globally. Students and parents need access to key data to make informed, responsible choices. The tools exist to not only enable this kind of information to be shared but to capture the very metrics stakeholders care most about and in a way that makes sense in the context of a given institution's "place" in the overall higher ed panoply.

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  • Slackware Linux: Glib can't find libffi.so.6. Where is it trying to look?

    - by Mathmagician
    I have libffi installed and it's in /usr/local/lib, yet the glib make process can't find it /home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio/.libs/lt-glib-compile-resources: error while loading shared libraries: libffi.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory /home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio/.libs/lt-glib-compile-resources: error while loading shared libraries: libffi.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory /home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio/.libs/lt-glib-compile-resources: error while loading shared libraries: libffi.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory /home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio/.libs/lt-glib-compile-resources: error while loading shared libraries: libffi.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory make[4]: Entering directory `/home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio/tests' GEN gdbus-test-codegen-generated.c GEN test_resources.c /home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio/.libs/lt-glib-compile-resources: error while loading shared libraries: libffi.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory make[4]: *** [test_resources.c] Error 127 make[4]: Leaving directory `/home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio/tests' make[3]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[3]: Leaving directory `/home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio' make[2]: *** [all] Error 2 make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4/gio' make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mathmagi/src/glib-2.32.4' make: *** [all] Error 2 It's definitely in /usr/local/lib! bash-4.1# updatedb bash-4.1# locate libffi.so.6 /usr/local/lib/libffi.so.6 /usr/local/lib/libffi.so.6.0.0 /home/mathmagi/src/libffi-3.0.11/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/.libs/libffi.so.6 /home/mathmagi/src/libffi-3.0.11/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/.libs/libffi.so.6.0.0 With glib I've tried LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/lib ./configure Doesn't work. How do I find where glib is looking and change it?

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