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• Issues with creating USB bootable Mountain Lion

  - by Sidd

  I am trying to set up a triple boot Windows 8, Mountain Lion, and Ubuntu. I am stuck though. I have got Windows 8 on a partition, and I am trying to get Mountain Lion on there at this point. I installed a VMware with a Snow Leopard 10.6.2 image on the Windows 8 platform. I used the disk utility in this program in order to get Mountain Lion on there. This is what i did specifically: I got the installesd.dmg. I 'mounted' that file or whatever you call it, and out came something along the lines of "Install Mountain Lion OS x" (something like that - it was like a submenu under the installesd.dmg in the disk utility). I got my PNY 8 gb Attache Flash Drive and went to the Erase tab of disk utility. I erased it using the Mac OS Extended (Journaled) setting and called it "Mac". I went to the Restore tab, dragged "Mac" into destination, and dragged "Install Mountain Lion OS x" to the source. Everything seemed to go well, but it didn't. When trying to boot from the flash drive (and yes, I set the BIOS correctly), it skipped it, and loaded Windows 8 normally as if nothing was plugged in. When I try looking at the flash drive in windows 8, it comes up as a 200 mb capacity drive labeled "EFI" with nothing in it (remember, it was 8gb in the beginning). I downloaded Plop Boot Manager, but it did not recognize a USB being plugged in. Does anyone know how I could fix this?

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• Computer specs for a large database

  - by SpeksETC

  What sort of computer specs (CPU, RAM, disk speed) should I use for running queries on a database of 200+ million records? The queries are for a research project, so there is only one "user" and only one query will be running at a time. I tried it on my own laptop with SQL Server with an i3 processor, 2GB RAM, 5400 RPM disk and a simple query didn't finish even after 8+ hours. I have an option to connect a SSD via eSata and upgrade to 4GB RAM, but not sure if this will be enough... Thanks! Edit: The database is about 25 GB and the indexes are not setup properly. When I tried to add an index, I let it run for about 8 hours and it still hadn't finished so I gave up. Should I have more patience :)? In general, the queries will run once in a while and its ok even if it takes a couple hours to complete.... Also, the queries will produce probably about 10 million records which I need to process using Stata/Matlab and I'm concerned that my current laptop is not strong enough, but unsure of the bottleneck....

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• MySQL is killing the server IO.

  - by OneOfOne

  I manage a fairly large/busy vBulletin forums (running on gigenet cloud), the database is ~ 10 GB (~9 milion posts, ~60 queries per second), lately MySQL have been grinding the disk like there's no tomorrow according to iotop and slowing the site. The last idea I can think of is using replication, but I'm not sure how much that would help and worried about database sync. I'm out of ideas, any tips on how to improve the situation would be highly appreciated. Specs : Debian Lenny 64bit ~12Ghz (6x2GHz) CPU, 7520gb RAM, 160gb disk. Kernel : 2.6.32-4-amd64 mysqld Ver 5.1.54-0.dotdeb.0 for debian-linux-gnu on x86_64 ((Debian)) Other software: vBulletin 3.8.4 memcached 1.2.2 PHP 5.3.5-0.dotdeb.0 (fpm-fcgi) (built: Jan 7 2011 00:07:27) lighttpd/1.4.28 (ssl) - a light and fast webserver PHP and vBulletin are configured to use memcached. MySQL Settings : [mysqld] key_buffer = 128M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_cache_size = 8 myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 1024 query_cache_limit = 2M query_cache_size = 128M expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M key_buffer_size = 128M join_buffer_size = 8M tmp_table_size = 16M max_heap_table_size = 16M table_cache = 96 Other : From the cloud's IO chart, we're averaging 100mb/s read. > vmstat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 9 0 73140 36336 8968 1859160 0 0 42 15 3 2 6 1 89 5 > /etc/init.d/mysql status Threads: 49 Questions: 252139 Slow queries: 164 Opens: 53573 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 337 Queries per second avg: 61.302. moved from superuser

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• How to list rpm packages/subpackages sorted by total size

  - by smci

  Looking for an easy way to postprocess rpm -q output so it reports the total size of all subpackages matching a regexp, e.g. see the aspell* example below. (Short of scripting it with Python/PERL/awk, which is the next step) (Motivation: I'm trying to remove a few Gb of unnecessary packages from a CentOS install, so I'm trying to track down things that are a) large b) unnecessary and c) not dependencies of anything useful like gnome. Ultimately I want to pipe the ouput through sort -n to what the space hogs are, before doing rpm -e) My reporting command looks like [1]: cat unwanted | xargs rpm -q --qf '%9.{size} %{name}\n' > unwanted.size and here's just one example where I'd like to see rpm's total for all aspell* subpackages: root# rpm -q --qf '%9.{size} %{name}\n' `rpm -qa | grep aspell` 1040974 aspell 16417158 aspell-es 4862676 aspell-sv 4334067 aspell-en 23329116 aspell-fr 13075210 aspell-de 39342410 aspell-it 8655094 aspell-ca 62267635 aspell-cs 16714477 aspell-da 17579484 aspell-el 10625591 aspell-no 60719347 aspell-pl 12907088 aspell-pt 8007946 aspell-nl 9425163 aspell-cy Three extra nice-to-have things: list the dependencies/depending packages of each group (so I can figure out the uninstall order) Also, if you could group them by package group, that would be totally neat. Human-readable size units like 'M'/'G' (like ls -h does). Can be done with regexp and rounding on the size field. Footnote: I'm surprised up2date and yum don't add this sort of intelligence. Ideally you would want to see a tree of group-package-subpackage, with rolled-up sizes. Footnote 2: I see yum erase aspell* does actually produce this summary - but not in a query command. [1] where unwanted.txt is a textfile of unnecessary packages obtained by diffing the output of: yum list installed | sed -e 's/\..*//g' > installed.txt diff --suppress-common-lines centos4_minimal.txt installed.txt | grep '>' and centos4_minimal.txt came from the Google doc given by that helpful blogger.

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• Installing SATA dvd burner on machine with no spare SATA ports/connectors

  - by Faheem Mitha

  Greetings. I have the following motherboard Tyan Thunder K8WE S2895A2NRF Motherboard - extended ATX - nForce Pro 2200/2050 - Socket 940 - UDMA133, Serial ATA-300 (RAID) - 2 x Gigabit Ethernet - FireWire - 6-1 channel audio This is part of a computer that was assembled in the winter of 2006/2007. The user manual says the following with regard to SATA Integrated SATAII Generation 1 Controllers (from NForce Professional 2200) Two integrated dual port SATA II controllers Four SATA connectors support up to four drives 3 Gb/s per direction per channel NvRAID v2.0 support Supports RAID 0, 1, 0+1 and JBOD. I just purchased a SATA DVD burner. Here is the page for the product http://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/B002QGDWLK/ The problem I am facing is that I already have 4 SATA drives installed. I don't want to remove any of them. However, I want the DVD burner above installed as well. The person I am consulting with here (Bombay, India) tells me that my four available SATA ports are filled, and that my only option is to install a SATA card into the one free PCI slot on the motherboard. However, he says that with this setup I will not be able to boot from the DVD drive. Are these statements correct, and what are my other options if any? Even it the statements in the last para are true, I suppose I could use one of the motherboard connectors/ports there are currently being used with the hard drives with the DVD drive, and use the "add-on" connector with one of the hard drives. Not all the 4 hard drives need to be bootable. BTW, despite having read through http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_ATA#Cables.2C_connectors.2C_and_ports I am fuzzy on the differences between connectors, cables and ports. Thanks in advance.

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• Tomato OS: "memory exhausted" running vi .... how to solve?

  - by Sam Jones

  I have set up tomato (shibby) on an asus RT-N66U router. It works great. I loaded up a few pieces, like transmission and optware. I can run vi, but when I run vi it fails with a "memory exhausted" error, and the terminal session hangs. For reference: If I simply start "vi" it runs fine. But if I specify vi I get the memory exhausted error, even if the file I am opening is just a couple of hundred bytes in size (like fstab). I discovered that my swap partition was not properly set up, so I did that. The swapon command now indicates I really do have a swap: [root@MyRouter samba]$ swapon -s Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/sda1 partition 32900860 0 1 How can I get vi to work? Thanks! System setup reference information: asus RT-N66U router 2TB usb hard drive partitions on hard drive: Disk /dev/sda: 2000.4 GB, 2000398839808 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30400 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 4096 = 65802240 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfacbc8ab Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 512 32900868 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 513 29000 1830638880 83 Linux running samba memory: $ cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 255840 kB MemFree: 210980 kB Buffers: 5264 kB Cached: 22768 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 20272 kB Inactive: 11448 kB HighTotal: 131072 kB HighFree: 99868 kB LowTotal: 124768 kB LowFree: 111112 kB SwapTotal: 32900860 kB SwapFree: 32900860 kB Dirty: 0 kB Writeback: 0 kB TIA!

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• 4.00gb (3.25gb usable) in Windows 7 x64

  - by dotnetdev

  Hi, I have setup Windows 7 Ultimate x64 on my PC. I have 4gb RAM and my BIOS states the correct amount (4096mb), but I cannot Windows (System Manager) says I have 4.00gb (3.25gb usable). This seems to be a popular issue, and I have looked for an integrated video card (integrated with my chipset) to disable but haven't found anything. What else can be preventing me from seeing all 4gb? When I had Vista 32bit, it would say 3.25gb RAM not 4.00gb (3.25gb usable). I have an x64 CPU and when I brought my RAM, I used a compatibility tool from Crucial (the memory vendor) to test how much memory my PC can support and 4gb was the answer (this was a windows app I think). Chipset is Intel(R) G33/G31/P35/P31 Express Chipset PCI Express In the bios, I looked for an onboard video card (integrated) and there was no such thing, but a couple of other onboard devices. There are also no "Resource Mappings" settings. FURHTER DETAILS: Chipset North Bridge: Intel Bearlake G33 South Bridge: Intel 82801IR ICH9R Maximum Memory Amount 8 GB Graphics Controller Type Intel GMA 3100 (Enabled) I guess the first thing is, how do I disable the graphics controller? EDIT: This thread (http://forums.legitreviews.com/about23417.html) indicates the issue is with memory mapped devices, but someone on this thread says that does not apply to x64. The rest of the comments points to a mobo issue for the guy who started that thread. Thanks

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• Backing up VMs to a tape drive

  - by Aljoscha Vollmerhaus

  I've got myself one of these fancy tape drives, HP LTO2 with 200/400 GB cartridges. The st driver reports it like this: scsi 1:0:0:0: Sequential-Access HP Ultrium 2-SCSI T65D I can store and retrieve files like a charm using tar, both tar cf /dev/st0 somedirectory and tar xf /dev/st0 work flawless. However, what I really would like to backup are LVM LVs. They contain entire virtual machines with varying partition layouts, so using mount and tar is not an option. I've tried using something like dd if=/dev/VG/LV bs=64k of=/dev/st0 to achieve this, but there seem to be various problems associated with this approach. Firstly, I would like to be able to store more than 1 LV on a single tape. Now I guess I could seek to concatenate the data on the tape, but I think this would not work very well in an automated scenario with many different LVs of various sizes. Secondly, I would like to store a small XML file along with the raw data that contains some information about the VM contained in the LV. I could dump everything to a directory and tar it up - not very desirable, I would have to set aside huge amounts of scratch space. Is there an easier way to achieve this? Thirdly, from googling around it seems like it would be wise to use something like mbuffer when writing to the tape, to prevent what wikipedia calls "shoe-shining" the tape. However, I can't get anything useful done with mbuffer. The mbuffer man page suggests this for writing to a tape device: mbuffer -t -m 10M -p 80 -f -o $TAPE So I've tried this: dd if=/dev/VG/LV | mbuffer -t -m 10M -p 80 -f -d 64k -o /dev/st0 Note the added "-d 64k" to account for the 64k block size of the tape. However, reading data back from a tape written in this way never seems to yield any useful results - dd has been running for ages now, and managed to transfer only 361M of data from the tape. What's wrong here?

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• Trying to run QEMU with a file as hda

  - by Felix

  I'm trying to run QEMU and use a simple file on the host system as the guest's hard drive. Here's what I attempted so far: $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/felix/vm/archlinux.img bs=1MB count=8192 8192+0 records in 8192+0 records out 8192000000 bytes (8.2 GB) copied, 86.6054 s, 94.6 MB/s $ qemu -hda /home/felix/vm/archlinux.img -cdrom archlinux-2009.08-netinstall-i686.iso -boot d Then I try to install Archlinux to that file. It goes pretty well (it's able to format it from what I can tell) until I start installing packages, when I get errors like this: And, of course, everything goes downhill from there (unable to mount the partition, corrupted files, ...). What am I doing wrong? Note: I'm just doing this for entertainment purposes. I don't intend to actually use this on servers or anything. The only use I can think of for this kind of installation would be to actually get an 8GB USB stick and dd that file to it and wham! You have a bootable stick with a fully fledged and customized OS, and without torturing the stick through the installation.

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• Windows Remote Desktop (RDP/MSTSC) fails with Error Code: 5

  - by BryCoBat

  I have 2 Windows XP boxen: A (running XP SP3) and B (running XP SP2). I'm using Remote Desktop to connect from A to B. When I connect, I get the login screen (which is slow to respond to keyboard/mouse input), and after logging in, I get the following: Fatal Error (Error Code: 5) Your Remote Desktop session is about to end. This computer might be low on virtual memory. Close your other programs, and then try connecting to the remote computer again. If the problem continues, contact your network administrator or technical support. I've seen one way to (sometimes) get in by opening a second RDP session to the same box [1], and if I wait long enough sometimes it will go ahead and log in anyway. Is there something broken/missing on the PC I'm trying to remote in to? Edited in reply to djangofan: There's nobody listed under "Lock pages in memory". When the double login trick works, a glance at Task Manager shows plenty of free memory, 800MB available out of 1.5 GB. (Performance tab, Physical memory) For what it's worth, this happens consistently after a reboot. What sort of exact info would be useful? There's very little remaining installed on that machine that's not Windows + Office... [1] found at http://www.fdcservers.net/vbulletin/archive/index.php/t-1580.html

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• 554 - Sending MTA’s poor reputation

  - by Phil Wilks

  I am running an email server on 77.245.64.44 and have recently started to have problems with remote delivery of emails sent using this server. Only about 5% of recipients are rejecting the emails, but they all share the following common message... Remote host said: 554 Your access to this mail system has been rejected due to the sending MTA's poor reputation. As far as I can tell my server is not on any blacklists, and it is set up correctly (the reverse DNS checks out and so on). I'm not even sure what the "Sending MTA" is, but I assume it's my server. If anyone could shed any light on this I'd really appreciate it! Here's the full bounce message... Could not deliver message to the following recipient(s): Failed Recipient: [email protected] Reason: Remote host said: 554 Your access to this mail system has been rejected due to the sending MTA's poor reputation. If you believe that this failure is in error, please contact the intended recipient via alternate means. -- The header and top 20 lines of the message follows -- Received: from 79-79-156-160.dynamic.dsl.as9105.com [79.79.156.160] by mail.fruityemail.com with SMTP; Thu, 3 Sep 2009 18:15:44 +0100 From: "Phil Wilks" To: Subject: Test Date: Thu, 3 Sep 2009 18:16:10 +0100 Organization: Fruity Solutions Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_01C2_01CA2CC2.9D9585A0" X-Mailer: Microsoft Office Outlook 12.0 Thread-Index: Acosujo9LId787jBSpS3xifcdmCF5Q== Content-Language: en-gb x-cr-hashedpuzzle: ADYN AzTI BO8c BsNW Cqg/ D10y E0H4 GYjP HZkV Hc9t ICru JPj7 Jd7O Jo7Q JtF2 KVjt;1;YwBoAGEAcgBsAG8AdAB0AGUALgBoAHUAbgB0AC0AZwByAHUAYgBiAGUAQABzAHUAbgBkAGEAeQAtAHQAaQBtAGUAcwAuAGMAbwAuAHUAawA=;Sosha1_v1;7;{F78BB28B-407A-4F86-A12E-7858EB212295};cABoAGkAbABAAGYAcgB1AGkAdAB5AHMAbwBsAHUAdABpAG8AbgBzAC4AYwBvAG0A;Thu, 03 Sep 2009 17:16:08 GMT;VABlAHMAdAA= x-cr-puzzleid: {F78BB28B-407A-4F86-A12E-7858EB212295} This is a multipart message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_01C2_01CA2CC2.9D9585A0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

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• how to correctly mount fat32 partition in Ubuntu in order to preserve case

  - by Dean

  I've found there are couple of problems might be related how my FAT32 partition was mounted. I hope you can help me to solve the problem. I also included the command I used to help others when they find this post, sorry to those might feel I should use less space. I've the following file structures on my disk dean@notebook:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x08860886 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 13 5737 45978624 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda3 5738 10600 39062047+ 83 Linux /dev/sda4 10601 19457 71143852+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 10601 11208 4883728+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 11209 15033 30720000 b W95 FAT32 /dev/sda7 15033 19457 35537920 7 HPFS/NTFS In the etc/fstab I've got UUID=91c57a65-dc53-476b-b219-28dac3682d31 / ext4 defaults 0 1 UUID=BEA2A8AFA2A86D99 /media/NTFS ntfs-3g quiet,defaults,locale=en_US.utf8,umask=0 0 0 UUID=0C0C-9BB3 /media/FAT32 vfat user,auto,utf8,fmask=0111,dmask=0000,uid=1000 0 0 /dev/sda5 swap swap sw 0 0 /dev/sda1 /media/sda1 ntfs nls=iso8859-1,ro,noauto,umask=000 0 0 /dev/sda2 /media/sda2 ntfs nls=iso8859-1,ro,noauto,umask=000 0 0 I checked my id using id and I've got dean@notebook:~$ id uid=1000(dean) gid=1000(dean) groups=4(adm),20(dialout),24(cdrom),46(plugdev),103(fuse),104(lpadmin),115(admin),120(sambashare),1000(dean) I don't know why with these settings I still have problem of using svn like in this one Thank you for your help!

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• what's the difference between a Volume and a Partition in Windows 7 diskpart

  - by user170232

  I was trying to follow the Intel guide for setting up iRST (Intel Rapid Start Technology) on my new laptop. The Intel manual says you need to create a *Volume that is as big or bigger than your available memory, set it to a specific id (id=84), then go into the iRST tool and adjust some settings. Looking at the disk manager on the laptop, I see there is already a Partition labeled as "Hibernation Partition" which is a little bigger than the memory in my system. So it looks like iRST was already set up...BUT, it's a Partition, not a Volume. Here's what the manual says to do: (from: http://download.intel.com/support/motherboards/desktop/sb/rapid_start_technology_user_guide.pdf) diskpart list disk select disk x (where x is the disk to use, there's only one disk in this laptop) create partition primary size=X000 (where X000 is the size to create) detail disk (which lists details for the disk. This is where i get hung up) select volume Z (where Z is the *partition you created previously) ** it says the 'detail disk' command will list the volume #, but it doesn't. ** 'detail disk' only lists two "volumes" for Recovery and OS. ** if i do 'list partition', i see the 8 GB *partition labeled as "Hibernation Partition") ** so I can't continue with the following steps: set id=84 override exit The reason I went looking for the manual is because when iRST is enabled in the BIOS, the system won't resume from sleep. When it's disabled, it works fine, but the system goes into (legacy?) Hibernation mode and takes a while to come out of Hibernation. the iRST is supposed to resume from deep sleep very quickly. So, what's the difference between a Volume and a Partition? Should I delete the Hibernation Partition and create a Hibernation Volume? Anyone have any ideas? (if it matters, this is on a Dell XPS 13 with BIOS A08) Thanks! J

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• What can I do to lower bandwidth cost on a bandwidth heavy site?

  - by acidzombie24

  The easiest answer is CDN but I'd like to ask. A friend of mine has a server that is used for mirror downloads. He says he is doing about 10TB of bandwidth a month which shocked me (I wonder if he is lying). I seen his site and he has no ads. I suspect he might close his website once he gets the bill. Anyways I was wondering since his CPU/RAM is not being used and his HD usage is around 15gb what he can do to lower cost if he continues this site. I said put up ads but I don't know if ads would cover it I found one CDN which offers $0.070 / GB. 10240gb (10TB) * .07 = $717 a month. That seems a little steep but he is using lots of traffic due to it being a mirror site. Also using a CDN doesnt make sense as he doesn't need multiple servers hosting the files in different areas (which is one reason he isn't using that now). He just needs a big upload pipe Is there something he can do? At the moment he is paying $200 a month on a dedicated server and he is using WAY more bandwidth then he should be using. Side question: Can gz-ing files large already compressed files help? like on (zip, rars, etc)

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• How to make 7-Zip faster

  - by Matt

  I normally use WinRAR over 7-Zip simply because it's faster and only a little less efficient with compression. I did a few tests on different filetypes and sizes comparing the 7-Zip and WinRAR default settings on their normal compression and their best compression, and in a lot of cases WinRAR was 50% faster and in some it was actually 100% faster. But, I do like FOSS more. So here are my questions: Is there a way to make 7-Zip speed up? I'd like it to at least be on par with WinRAR's speed Is there a way to make recovery segments in 7-Zip like you can in WinRAR? I didn't see any, but I guess it could be a command line thing. I tested WinRAR and 7-Zip using the latest stable version of each (4-dot-something with 7-Zip). Is the 9.x beta release noticeably faster at compression? I'm talking about faster at a comparable setting in WinRAR, not just lowering to bare minimum compression. If it matters, I use a quad core Intel i7 720 (1.6 GHz)/(2.8 GHz) with 4 GB DDR3 RAM, and the 64-bit version of 7-Zip, and dual-boot Debian x64 5.0.4 and Windows 7 Home.

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• I love google Chrome, but some non-static pages like Piwik render it unresponsive

  - by gogowitsch

  The web-stat software Piwik stops reacting on mouse clicks after 1-2 seconds. The same is true for Google Maps and Producteev (but GMail and most other pages work like a charm). These rely heavily on JS, and work without Flash. I can click for a very short time period and then the mouse cursor doesn't feel the UI anymore (it doesn't turn into a I over input fields, though it moves; if the freeze occured while the pointer was over an input field, the cursor keeps being a I) and all clicks on the DOM are being ignored by Chrome. No message appears, neither obvious nor in the Console (F12). There is no obstructing div or the like in the DOM (F12). Since I couldn't find any hints on the source of my problems, I suspected my plugins and extensions. Unfortunately, neither deactivating all plugins nor all extensions solved the problem. for the problematic pages, it always happens no Dropbox running several GB of free RAM the taskmanager doesn't show any high CPU or memory utilization (the offending tab uses 30 MB and uses 0-1 % CPU) all problematic pages work in other browsers (Chrome, Firefox, IE) the rest of the computer is very responsive the computers use different security suites (Kaspersky and Avira) The effect exists between several (synchronized) Chrome instances on different machines, all running Windows 7. Both the OS and Chrome are updated automatically. Other tabs and the Chrome chrome (tabs, menus, toolbar buttons of the browser itself) still work. I really don't like switching between browsers. Any ideas?

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• Tips on setting up a virtual lab for self-learning networking topics

  - by Harry

  I'm trying to self-learn the following topics on Linux (preferably Fedora): Network programming (using sockets API), especially across proxies and firewalls Proxies (of various kinds like transparent, http, socks...), Firewalls (iptables) and 'basic' Linux security SNAT, DNAT Network admininstration power tools: nc, socat (with all its options), ssh, openssl, etc etc. Now, I know that, ideally, it would be best if I had 'enough' number of physical nodes and physical network equipment (routers, switches, etc) for this self-learning exercise. But, obviously, don't have the budget or the physical space, nor want to be wasteful -- especially, when things could perhaps be simulated/emulated in a Linux environment. I have got one personal workstation, which is a single-homed Fedora desktop with 4GB memory, 200+ GB disk, and a 4-core CPU. I may be able to get 3 to 4 additional low-end Fedora workstations. But all of these -- including mine -- will always remain strictly behind our corporate firewall :-( Now, I know I could use VirtualBox-based virtual nodes, but don't know if there are any better alternatives disk- and memory- footprint-wise. Would you be able to give me some tips or suggestions on how to get started setting up this little budget- and space-constrained 'virtual lab' of mine? For example, how would I create virtual routers? Has someone attempted this sort of thing before: namely, creating a virtual network lab behind a corporate firewall for learning/development/testing purposes? I hope my question is not vague or too open-ended. Basically, right now, I don't know how to best leverage the Linux environment and the various 'goodies' it comes with, and buying physical devices only when it is absolutely necessary.

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• Apache 2.4 Prefork vs. PHP-FPM Event shows sig decrease in requests per second

  - by Mark

  On my Apache 2.4.2 server with a standard mod_php Prefork setup these are my server-status results Current Time: Wednesday, 24-Oct-2012 19:36:24 CDT Restart Time: Wednesday, 24-Oct-2012 01:27:30 CDT Parent Server Config. Generation: 1 Parent Server MPM Generation: 0 Server uptime: 18 hours 8 minutes 54 seconds Total accesses: 14304233 - Total Traffic: 342.3 GB CPU Usage: u12584.6 s721.93 cu.66 cs3.43 - 20.4% CPU load 219 requests/sec - 5.4 MB/second - 25.1 kB/request 507 requests currently being processed, 355 idle workers ______KKKKR_K______W_KKC___CKK_K_K_W__CC_KKK_KK._K_K_KK._KKKK_K_ K_____KK_KKKK_K_KK__K___KK_K___K_____CKKK_WK_K_____KCKK__K___K_K K_CK_K_K_____K__KKKK_K__K___K_KK_K_K_KKKCK____________KK_CK__KKK __C_KKKKKKK___CK___C_KKK_K__C__K_CK____KKK__K__K__K_K__KK_CK_K__ _KKKKK_K_W__KK______K___K__W___C_K__K____KKKKKKKK.KKKKKKKCK_K___ _C_KK_K_WK__K_KK__K__RK_KK___K____K_KK_K_K___RKC_KKKK___KKKC_K_W _C_KK_KK__W____KC__KKK__KKK___K___KKK_KK_K_KKW__K_KR_KK_KK__KKK_ R__KKK__KKKKKK__K_KKKKK_K__K_K___KKW_________KK_K___KKK___KK.K_C KKKKKKW_____K__K_KKC_KCKK_K_KK_K__KK__K___K__KK_KK__________KK__ __K___KK_K__K_C_KK_K___KK__KK__K__KCK_K__KK_________K_K_KK__.K__ K_CKK.CCRW__KKKKKKKKKKKC__W____K___KWK_KK_KKC______.K_K_KK_KKKC_ __KKK_W_KCKKK_K_K____CCCK__KC_KKKK_K____K_CK_K____K__K____KKK_KK KK___K_K_K__KW__KCKKKK____WKWK__K_KKRKK__C_K_KK_KK_K__KKCC_K__C_ KK_K___K_KK______K_____CKK_K_______KK_CKCK__KKKKK____K__K..K____ __KKWK_KW__KKK__K_KKK___K_KK_KKK__KK___KK___KK_KK___KK____KKWKKC KK_KKKK_................................` When I switch to a PHP-FPM setup with the Event MPM with no other variables changes, my requests/sec plummet and overall apache response is garbage. Current Time: Wednesday, 24-Oct-2012 19:51:21 CDT Restart Time: Wednesday, 24-Oct-2012 19:48:03 CDT Parent Server Config. Generation: 1 Parent Server MPM Generation: 0 Server uptime: 3 minutes 18 seconds Total accesses: 18720 - Total Traffic: 307.1 MB CPU Usage: u16.57 s4.74 cu0 cs0 - 10.8% CPU load 94.5 requests/sec - 1.6 MB/second - 16.8 kB/request 15 requests currently being processed, 49 idle workers PID Connections Threads Async connections total accepting busy idle writing keep-alive closing 11701 114 no 10 22 0 66 38 11702 134 no 5 27 0 81 48 Sum 248 15 49 0 147 86 __R_R__W___RRW________RR__R___W_W_______W_____W_____________R_R_ Is there any obvious reason anyone could think of why this would be the case. I can provide any other additional stats or server setup info to help out. Ive tried tweaking everything up and down and nothing really helps get the PHP-FPM setup anywhere near a baseic prefork/mod-php setup. Thanks!

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• Google Play Music Not Adding MP3s On-Demand

  - by J0e3gan

  My recent attempts to add music on-demand to Google Play Music have yielded nothing - no "Processing music..." or "Added __ of __" messages, just nothing. Previously I could add music on-demand; and nothing has changed on the machine from which I successfully added music previously, from which I have tried to add music on-demand recently. What could be hampering my ability to add music on-demand? WHAT I'VE TRIED: Right after I started using GPM, I briefly found that I could not add music (on-demand), but the problem went away after a logout/login. This time a logout/login has not helped. Dragging & dropping or browsing to folders or files to add has made no difference either. Nor has waiting ridiculously long for GPM to show signs of life after adding music on-demand seemed to work. Digging deeper, I read a related Google Play Help article and followed its suggestions... ran the Google Play Music Manager troubleshooter = no errors or warnings double checked my available storage = 8 GB free double checked supported file types = MP3 is still supported (of course) ..., but the problem remains. UPDATE: I found that if I configure GPM to automatically upload music added to specific folders, it strangely does add automatically what it will not add on-demand.

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• Repairing inconsistent pages in database

  - by Raj

  We have a SQL 2000 DB. The server crashed due to Raid array failure. Now when we run DBCC CHECKDB, we get an error that there are 27 consistency errors in 9 pages. When we run DBCC PAGE on these pages, we get this: Msg 8939, Level 16, State 106, Line 1 Table error: Object ID 1397580017, index ID 2, page (1:8404521). Test (m_freeCnt == freeCnt) failed. Values are 2 and 19. Msg 8939, Level 16, State 108, Line 1 Table error: Object ID 1397580017, index ID 2, page (1:8404521). Test (emptySlotCnt == 0) failed. Values are 1 and 0. Since the indicated index is non-clustered and is created by a unique constarint that includes 2 columns, we tried dropping and recreating the index. This resulted in the following error: CREATE UNIQUE INDEX terminated because a duplicate key was found for index ID 2. Most significant primary key is '3280'. The statement has been terminated. However running Select var_id,result_on from tests group by var_id,result_on having count(*)>1 returns 0 rows. Here is what we are planning to do: Restore a pre-server crash copy of the DB and run DBCC CHECKDB If that returns clean, then restore again with no recovery Apply all subequent TLOG backups Stop production app, take a tail log backup and apply that too Drop prod DB and rename the freshly restored DB to make it prod Start prod app Could someone please punch holes in this approach? Maybe, suggest a different approach? What we need is minimum downtime. SQL 2000 DB Size 94 GB The table that has corrupt pages has 460 Million+ rows of data Thanks for the help. Raj

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• New virtualization project and old SAN

  - by Chris

  Hi, We'll start shortly a partial virtualization of our infrastructure and consolidate a dozen servers into virtuals instances. We'll also add some client application virtualization into the mix for good measure. Two HP DL 380 with the new xeons 56xx and 96 GB of memory each running xenserver + xenapp will then take charge of most of our IT needs. So far, so good. One element that is missing from the picture is the storage part. We need some sort of shared storage to enable live motion and other HA features. We have an IBM DS 4300 SAN that we can use for that. But since it's in production since 2005, I'm not sure about such a critical role for a 5yr old part. So my question is: What is the reliability of this kind of equipment after 5 yr ? Can it last 10 yr with no or few problems ? Since our budjet is tight, not buying another SAN will be a big plus. This lead me to another question: FC disks cost an arm and a leg from IBM. When I type the replacement # in google (for example IBM 300GB 15K 4GBPS FC HDD 42D0410), I can find it at a fraction of the price at various sites. So am I stupid to buy from IBM or naive to trust 3rd party reseller ?? Thanks, Chris

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• Setup of high-end web server and DB server cluster on Amazon EC2: Is this how it's done?

  - by user1086584

  Amazon is so technical, I want to confirm that my understanding is correct. We have a large 500 GB database. (OrientDB.) We will have it mirrored to one another in the same Availability Zone. We believe the database size will grow rapidly. The plan is: Get 4 large instances that are compatible types with Placement Groups (as well as ideally, Enhanced Networking) (2 for web, 2 for DB.) We use an EBS-backed instances to store our operating system. Discussion here: http://alestic.com/2012/01/ec2-ebs-boot-recommended We can set up ephemeral SSD instance storage as swap space. (But it is lost after even a reboot. I hear its hard to add ephemeral storage if booting from EBS, but possible.) For offsite backup, we will take periodic snapshots and store them on S3. Obviously we need to ensure the database is in a safe state when that snapshot happens to avoid corruption. (Any hints here, aside from shutting down the DB?) If the database gets too big, we need to create a EBS volume that's larger. We can use RAID to break the 1 TB limit: http://alestic.com/2009/06/ec2-ebs-raid Static assets on web servers will be stored on S3. Is that correct? Or am I missing something?

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• Get Python to raise MemoryError instead of eating all my disk space

  - by asmeurer

  If I run a Python program with a memory leak, I would normally expect the program to eventually die with MemoryError. But instead, what happens is that all the virtual memory is used until my disk runs out of space. I am running Mac OS X 10.8 on a retina MacBook Pro. My computer generally has between 10GB to 20GB free. Mac OS X is smart enough to not die completely when the disk runs out of space (rather, it gives me a dialog letting me force quit my GUI programs). Is there a way to make Python just die when it runs out of real memory, or some reasonable amount of virtual memory? This is what happens on Linux, as far as I can tell. I guess Mac OS X is more generous than Linux with virtual memory (the fact that I have an SSD might be part of this; I don't know just how smart OS X is with this stuff). Maybe there's a way to tell the Mac OS X kernel to never use so much virtual memory that leaves less than, say, 5 GB free on the hard drive?

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• PostgreSQL lots of large Arrays and Writes

  - by strife911

  Hi, I am running a python program that spawns 8 threads and as each thread launch its own postmaster process via psycopg2. This is to maximize the use of my CPU-cores (8). Each thread call a series of SQL Functions. Most of these functions go through many thousands of rows each associated to a large FLOAT8[] Array (250-300) values by using unnest() and multiplying each FLOAT8 by an another FLOAT8 associated to each row. This Array approach minimized the size of the Indexes and the Tables. The Function ends with an Insert into another Table of a row of the same form (pk INT4, array FLOAT8[]). Some SQL Functions called by python will Update a row of these kind of Tables (with large Arrays). Now I currently have configured PostgreSQL to use most of the memory for cache (effective_cache_size of 57 GB I think) and only a small amount of it for shared memory (1GB I think). First, I was wondering what the difference between Cache and Shared memory was in regards to PostgreSQL (and my application). What I have noticed is that only about 20-40% of my total CPU processing power is used during the most Read intensive parts of the application (Select unnest(array) etc). So secondly, I was wondering what I could do to improve this so that 100% of the CPU is used. Based on my observations, it does not seem to have anything to do with python or its GIL. Thanks

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• GlusterFS on VMWare ESXi 5

  - by Dharmavir

  I want to build network file system on top of my VMWare ESXi based virtual nodes which are running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I am evalaluating options and found that GlusterFS (http://www.gluster.org/) can turn out to be a good choice. Purpose: I have about 2 dozen VM nodes with different configurations, on 2 physical nodes which has following configuration: 16 core Intel Xeon 1 TB 48 GB RAM Now as I said earlier each Physical server has about 1TB hdd and I can increase if I want additional so for now I have 2TB disk space available, these space is distributed in VM nodes I have created on which about 2 dozen VM nodes live. Now some of them being application server and mgmt server, they have plenty of free disk space which I want to utilize for some heavy storage which I can not design if I do that individually on single VM node. This way if my storage is distributed between dozens of VM nodes and about 2 or more physical nodes I have some sort of backup as well. I do not mind if data gets stored redundently but per my knowledge it might hapeen that individual VM nodes will not be able to store all of the data because complete data size for example if we take 100GB will exceed VM disk size of 70GB and then VM will also have system and program files on it. I need some suggestion that will GlusterFS be the solution for which I am looking forward to or I should go with something like hadoop? I am not too sure. But yes, I would like to utilize my free space on each VM node and while doing that if I get store data redundently I am okay because it will give me data security.

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