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  • Contiguous Time Periods

    It is always better, and more efficient, to maintain referential integrity by using constraints rather than triggers. Sometimes it is not at all obvious how to do this, and the history table, and other temporal data tables, presented problems for checking data that were difficult to solve with constraints. Suddenly, Alex Kuznetsov came up with a good solution, and so now history tables can benefit from more effective integrity checking. Joe explains...

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  • Languages with C/C++ output [closed]

    - by Vag
    Which languages have compilers able to emit plain standard C/C++ code? For a start: Haxe // uses Boehm GC Haskell (JHC) Haskell (old GHC) // -fvia-c, removed recently (emitted code is super ugly) Clay ATS Cython RPython (Shed Skin) // experimental RPython (PyPy) Python (Nuitka) // although author claims there are no speedups Common Lisp (ECL) COBOL (OpenCobol) Scheme (Chicken) APL // So far I've not found working implementation available for free download Ur/Web // GCC-specific output, and intended to be used only for web developments (included for completeness only) I'd like to build comprehensive up-to-date list but found only these ones so far. I've tested only Haxe and it works pretty well and quite fast. What about other ones? What is your expirience? How much ugly is generated code? Update. Any language chains (e.g. X - Scheme - C) will be perfectly OK as answer if its use is practical enough and suited for production use.

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  • Necessary Infrastructure for large project with many components communicating through IPCs

    - by jluzwick
    I have a fairly in depth question which probably doesn't have an exact answer. As a software engineer, I am usually tasked with working on a program or project with minimal understanding of how other components or programs in the project interact with each other. When one program fails in a sea of multiple components and processes, what infrastructure elements are necessary to ensure that the problem can be accurately tracked to the violating application? More specifically, what infrastructure elements should be necessary for this large project and which are optional but very helpful. One such example I can think of is some form of a common logging infrastructure that allows for a developer or tester to easily browse through a log that contains numerous components for messages that might allude to the culprit program along with a "trail" of what happened before the issue occurred. I'm thinking of something similar to Androids alogcat tool. These necessary infrastructure elements should be language-agnostic. While these elements should be understood by all engineers on the team in question, which elements should be understood at great detail by the technical system engineers and what should the individual software engineers be responsible for adding to their tools to allow for such infrastructures to take hold? Please feel free to ask for clarification if something does not make sense as I understand this question is very broad and needs some refinement. I will refine as necessary from the answers and comments I receive. Thanks for any help!

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  • What are some good debugging techniques [closed]

    - by Brad Bruce
    I frequently run into situations where I'm working with other programmers, helping out with debugging issues. Over the years, I've acquired my own techniques for logically breaking down a problem and tracing through it. I see several others who are great at writing programs, but freeze up when debugging. Are there any good resources I can point people to that describe some good debugging techniques?

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  • How do you keep track of the authors of code?

    - by garbagecollector
    This is something I was never taught. I have seen alot of different types of authoring styles. I code primarily in Java and Python. I was wondering if there was a standard authoring style or if everything is freestyle. Also if you answer would you mind attaching the style you use to author files that your create at home or at work. I usually just go @author garbagecollector @company garbage inc.

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  • How can I support scrolling when using batched rendering for my tiles?

    - by dardanel
    I have tiled map 100*75 and tiles are 32*32 pixel.I want to use batching for performance .I don't figure it out , because of my game needs scrolling and every frame i draw 22*16 tiles (my screen is 20*16 tile) .I thought that batching tiles for every frame .Is it good or any suggestion? edit :to more clarify I want to use occlusion culling and batching at the same time.I thought that drawing only visible areas and batching them together .But there is a something i couldn't figure out .When scrolling screen with translate matrix , if one row become invisible , I bind new row and batch them again.Every batched objects needs to buffer again.So I batch tiles and buffer to VBO every time when one row become invisible .I don't know these way is efficient or not .This is my question .And i am open to any suggestions.

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  • What Software or tool to ease the building of an eye catching GUI (functional) [closed]

    - by CaBieberach
    I want to make a control panel that opens different files but I'm not sure what would be the right tool/Sw to make this. In the company we have about 30 files that we use almost every day. They are all related to each other. I would like to create a "Control panel" to ease the opening and searching of these files. Kind of a control panel with 30 buttons. The only duty of this control panel is to open one of the file selected by the user. I need this "Control Panel" to: Look GREAT Open very fast Could you please recomend me some tool/Sw to acomplish this. What tool or SW is specially focused to make stunning GUIs? Note: In the company We are all using MS Windos 7. Thanks for the help! EDIT: This would be a Stand alone program installed or saved in a network drive. Each person can open the porgram and it pops the GUI. Not for the web. "Looks GREAT" is definitively a subjective matter. I want something that gives me plenty options to display/modify the objetcs that compose the GUI. So i can experiment and find what looks and works the best.

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  • Why are effect-less functions executed?

    - by user828584
    All the languages I know of would execute something like: i = 0 while i < 100000000 i += 1 ..and you can see it take a noticeable amount of time to execute. Why though, do languages do this? The only effect this code will have is taking time. edit: I mean inside a function which is called function main(){ useless() } function useless(){ i = 0 while i < 100000000 i += 1 }

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  • In Search Data Structure And Algorithm Project Title Based on Topic

    - by Salehin Suhaimi
    As the title says, my lecturer gave me a project that i needed to finish in 3 weeks before final semester exams. So i thought i will start now. The requirement is to "build a simple program that has GUI based on all the chapter that we've learned." But i got stuck on WHAT program should i build. Any idea a program that is related to this chapter i've learned? Any input will help. list, array list, linked list, vectors, stacks, Queues, ADT, Hashing, Binary Search Tree, AVL Tree, That's about all i can remember. Any idea where can i start looking?

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  • Automatic language transformation in editor or IDE [on hold]

    - by Rumca
    Are there any tools that are capable of editing code but in different language? To be more concrete, I want to parse java source file in editor, compile it to my language X, edit in X and compile back to java on save. Or edit pom.xml file using non-XML syntax. Which editor or IDE would be easiest to use for implementing such prototype? Option to transform only a snippet would be ideal to limit effort on parsing. For one example, Intellij IDEA can display anonymous class so it looks like lambda expression hiding some of boilerplate.

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  • returning null vs returning zero, which would be better?

    - by Dark Star1
    I inherited a project that I am managing and having to maintain pending the redevelopment of the code base. At the moment I am being tasked with adding little feature all over the place and have gotten into the habit of returning null instead of zero in parts of the code where I am working on. The problem is we have a client that is using this code and parts of code that require data from my implemented features recieve a null and dump the stack trace in UI. I would like to avoid this entirely from my input but without the nullPointer exceptions there's the potential that errors would be introduced into the client's data which may go un-noticed. Usually I would have come up with my own error notification system but I have never inherited a project before. so I am unsure whether to continue down this path. I still believe that the stack dump is preferable to un-noticed data corruption/inaccuracies.

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  • Is there a language offering LISP-like macros with a more complex syntax?

    - by blubb
    LISP's macros are extremely powerful constructs, and the inability to introspect and modify the program itself beyond the method signature level has always struck me as a limitation. Yet I favour "complex" syntax because it tends to be closer to natural language. So far I have failed to find a language which combines a powerful macro mechanism such as LISP's with a naturally looking syntax (1). Is anyone aware of such a language? Footnote: I would consider python to have a naturally looking syntax as it allows constructs like this: if 0 < a < 5 and b in list. The avoidance of braces to structure blocks is irrelevant in this case, though.

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  • I just received a complaint from a user of the website I maintain. Should I do anything?

    - by Chris
    I was sent sent a large wall of text from a user of the website I maintain at my job. They are clearly upset for having to deal with a horribly outdated web application that has not seen any serious updates in over 6+ years. No refactoring has been done, the code quality is terrible, the security unchecked, policy compliances ignored, in addition to being ugly and frankly embarrassing. Keep in mind this is a small business but the website is used by hundreds daily. I'm one of two programmers there, and I've been working there for two years. This person says they are about my age (22) and understand technology (but can't use proper grammar). The complaint mentioned awkward pages and actions on the website, but they don't even have a clue as to the depth of the flaws in this website. Now, I would love to honestly tell them that there's a lot wrong with this company and that this application was built when we were in high school. And that while it's not my fault that the website is terrible, I'm the one in position to fix it. But on the other hand, I could just say nothing and ignore it. Would doing this publicly have any advantage to future employees (showing integrity) or would it just be a completely pointless mistake? Odds are, even if I respond only that one person will ever read it. Regardless, I'm probably just going to ignore it and continue starting my project to refactor the website.

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  • Is return-type-(only)-polymorphism in Haskell a good thing?

    - by dainichi
    One thing that I've never quite come to terms with in Haskell is how you can have polymorphic constants and functions whose return type cannot be determined by their input type, like class Foo a where foo::Int -> a Some of the reasons that I do not like this: Referential transparency: "In Haskell, given the same input, a function will always return the same output", but is that really true? read "3" return 3 when used in an Int context, but throws an error when used in a, say, (Int,Int) context. Yes, you can argue that read is also taking a type parameter, but the implicitness of the type parameter makes it lose some of its beauty in my opinion. Monomorphism restriction: One of the most annoying things about Haskell. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the whole reason for the MR is that computation that looks shared might not be because the type parameter is implicit. Type defaulting: Again one of the most annoying things about Haskell. Happens e.g. if you pass the result of functions polymorphic in their output to functions polymorphic in their input. Again, correct me if I'm wrong, but this would not be necessary without functions whose return type cannot be determined by their input type (and polymorphic constants). So my question is (running the risk of being stamped as a "discussion quesion"): Would it be possible to create a Haskell-like language where the type checker disallows these kinds of definitions? If so, what would be the benefits/disadvantages of that restriction? I can see some immediate problems: If, say, 2 only had the type Integer, 2/3 wouldn't type check anymore with the current definition of /. But in this case, I think type classes with functional dependencies could come to the rescue (yes, I know that this is an extension). Furthermore, I think it is a lot more intuitive to have functions that can take different input types, than to have functions that are restricted in their input types, but we just pass polymorphic values to them. The typing of values like [] and Nothing seems to me like a tougher nut to crack. I haven't thought of a good way to handle them. I doubt I am the first person to have had thoughts like these. Does anybody have links to good discussions about this Haskell design decision and the pros/cons of it?

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  • Problem in udp socket programing in c

    - by Md. Talha
    I complile the following C code of UDP client after I run './udpclient localhost 9191' in terminal.I put "Enter Text= " as Hello, but it is showing error in sendto as below: Enter text: hello hello : error in sendto()guest-1SDRJ2@md-K42F:~/Desktop$ " Note: I open 1st the server port as below in other terminal ./server 9191. I beleive there is no error in server code. The udp client is not passing message to server. If I don't use thread , the message is passing .But I have to do it by thread. UDP client Code: /* simple UDP echo client */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> #define STRLEN 1024 static void *readdata(void *); static void *writedata(void *); int sockfd, n, slen; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; char sendline[STRLEN], recvline[STRLEN]; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { pthread_t readid,writeid; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; struct hostent *h; if(argc != 3) { printf("Usage: %s <proxy server ip> <port>\n", argv[0]); exit(0); } /* create hostent structure from user entered host name*/ if ( (h = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) { printf("\n%s: error in gethostbyname()", argv[0]); exit(0); } /* create server address structure */ bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)); /* initialize it */ servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; memcpy((char *) &servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr, h->h_addr_list[0], h->h_length); servaddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2])); /* get the port number from argv[2]*/ /* create a UDP socket: SOCK_DGRAM */ if ( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in socket()", argv[0]); exit(0); } pthread_create(&readid,NULL,&readdata,NULL); pthread_create(&writeid,NULL,&writedata,NULL); while(1) { }; close(sockfd); } static void * writedata(void *arg) { /* get user input */ printf("\nEnter text: "); do { if (fgets(sendline, STRLEN, stdin) == NULL) { printf("\n%s: error in fgets()"); exit(0); } /* send a text */ if (sendto(sockfd, sendline, sizeof(sendline), 0, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in sendto()"); exit(0); } }while(1); } static void * readdata(void *arg) { /* wait for echo */ slen = sizeof(servaddr); if ( (n = recvfrom(sockfd, recvline, STRLEN, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr, &slen)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in recvfrom()"); exit(0); } /* null terminate the string */ recvline[n] = 0; fputs(recvline, stdout); }

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  • Deferent ways of solving problems in code.

    - by Erin
    I now program in C# for a living but before that I programmed in python for 5 years. I have found that I write C# very that most examples I see on the web. Rather then writing things like: foreach (string bar in foo) { //bar has something doen to it here } I write code that looks like this. foo.ForEach( c => c.someActionhere() ) Or var result = foo.Select( c => { //Some code here to transform the item. }).ToList(); I think my using code like above came form my love of map and reduce in python while not exactly the same thing the concepts are close. Now it's time for my question. What concepts do you take and move with you from language to language. That allow you to solve a problem in a way that is not the normal accepted solution in that language?

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  • How to layer if statements when order of logic is irrelevant?

    - by jimmyjimmy
    Basically I have a series of logic in my website that can lead to 5 total outcomes. Basically two different if tests and then a catch all else statement. For example: if cond1: if mod1: #do things elif mod2: #do things elif cond2: if mod1: #do things elif mod2 #do things else: #do things I was thinking about rewriting it like this: if cond1 and mod1: #do things elif cond1 and mod2: #do things elif cond2 and mod1: #do things elif cond2 and mod2: #do things else: #do things Is there any real difference in these two coding options/a better choice for this kind of logic testing?

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  • Why do most of us use 'i' as a loop counter variable?

    - by kprobst
    Has anyone thought about why so many of us repeat this same pattern using the same variable names? for (int i = 0; i < foo; i++) { // ... } It seems most code I've ever looked at uses i, j, k and so on as iteration variables. I suppose I picked that up from somewhere, but I wonder why this is so prevalent in software development. Is it something we all picked up from C or something like that? Just an itch I've had for a while in the back of my head.

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  • A Tale of Identifiers

    Identifiers aren't locators, and they aren't pointers or links either. They are a logical concept in a relational database, and, unlike the more traditional methods of accessing data, don't derive from the way that data gets stored. Identifiers uniquely identify members of the set, and it should be possible to validate and verify them. Celko somehow involves watches and taxi cabs to illustrate the point.

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  • Is it ethical for a programmer to promote his/her own library?

    - by Kit Menke
    Fairly recently I started maintaining my own open source JavaScript library. I created it to solve a pretty specific need but fairly regularly see questions that can be solved (in whole/part) by using my library. I've always gone ahead to post my answer including my library and make sure to always include a disclosure specifying that I maintain it. I feel for open source projects this may not be such a big deal but where do you draw the line? (ex: commercial products) Is it ethical for a programmer to promote is own library? When is it not?

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  • Is constantly looking for code examples a sign of a bad developer?

    - by Newly Insecure
    I am a CS student with several years of experience in C and C++, and for the last few years I've been constantly working with Java/Objective C doing app development and now I have switched to web development and am mainly focused on ruby on rails and I came to the realization that (as with app development , really) I reference other code way too much. I constantly Google functionality for lots of things I imagine I should be able to do from scratch and it's really cracked my confidence a bit. Basic fundamentals are not an issue, I hate to use this as an example but I can run through javabat in both java/python at a sprint - obviously not an accomplishment and but what I mean to say is I have a strong base for the fundamentals I think? I know what I need to use typically but reference syntax constantly. Would love some advice and input on this, as it has been holding me back pretty solidly in terms of looking for work in this field even though I'm finishing my degree. My main reason for asking is not really about employment, but more that I don't want to be the only guy at a hackathon not hammering out nonstop code and sitting there with 20 Google/github tabs open, and I have refrained from attending any due to a slight lack of confidence... Is a person a bad developer by constantly looking to code examples for moderate to complex tasks?

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  • How many textures can usually I bind at once?

    - by Avi
    I'm developing a game engine, and it's only going to work on modern (Shader model 4+) hardware. I figure that, by the time I'm done with it, that won't be such an unreasonable requirement. My question is: how many textures can I bind at once on a modern graphics card? 16 would be sufficient. Can I expect most modern graphics cards to support that amount? My GTX 460 appears to support 32, but I have no idea if that's representative of most modern video cards.

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  • Sites with overlapping code-bases. Developing multiple sites with little changes

    - by Web Developer
    I have to develop 3 different sites video.com for hosting video audio.com for hosting audio docs.com for hosting docs. domain names for example only Almost 80% of the functionality is the same for all the three, with remaining 20% being completely different features... How do I handle this? How does sites like SO handle this? I am developing this in YII framework and was thinking of having these different features as modules but in this case the menu/code links in html code can become difficult.

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  • When decomposing a large function, how can I avoid the complexity from the extra subfunctions?

    - by missingno
    Say I have a large function like the following: function do_lots_of_stuff(){ { //subpart 1 ... } ... { //subpart N ... } } a common pattern is to decompose it into subfunctions function do_lots_of_stuff(){ subpart_1(...) subpart_2(...) ... subpart_N(...) } I usually find that decomposition has two main advantages: The decomposed function becomes much smaller. This can help people read it without getting lost in the details. Parameters have to be explicitly passed to the underlying subfunctions, instead of being implicitly available by just being in scope. This can help readability and modularity in some situations. However, I also find that decomposition has some disadvantages: There are no guarantees that the subfunctions "belong" to do_lots_of_stuff so there is nothing stopping someone from accidentally calling them from a wrong place. A module's complexity grows quadratically with the number of functions we add to it. (There are more possible ways for things to call each other) Therefore: Are there useful convention or coding styles that help me balance the pros and cons of function decomposition or should I just use an editor with code folding and call it a day? EDIT: This problem also applies to functional code (although in a less pressing manner). For example, in a functional setting we would have the subparts be returning values that are combined in the end and the decomposition problem of having lots of subfunctions being able to use each other is still present. We can't always assume that the problem domain will be able to be modeled on just some small simple types with just a few highly orthogonal functions. There will always be complicated algorithms or long lists of business rules that we still want to correctly be able to deal with. function do_lots_of_stuff(){ p1 = subpart_1() p2 = subpart_2() pN = subpart_N() return assembleStuff(p1, p2, ..., pN) }

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  • How to avoid whitespace in PHP and ASP.NET? [closed]

    - by Goma
    You know that the PHP interpreter avoids whitespace and comments. However, I have heared that there is something you can do to make the interpreter does not see the whitespace at all and does not even think to avoid it, the same for the compiler in ASP.NET. What is that thing? Is it a function in PHP and a class in ASP.NET? or what exactly? Edit: For example the php_strip_whitespace function in PHP "Returns the PHP source code in filename with PHP comments and whitespace removed". Will this help in load time?

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