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• Performance impact of running Linux in a virtual machine in Windows?

  - by vovick

  Hello, I'd like to know what performance impact I could expect running Linux in a virtual machine in Windows. The job I need Linux for is heavy and almost non-stop code compilation with GCC. Dual-boot doesn't look like a very attractive solution, so I'm counting on low VM overhead right now (10-20% would be fine for me, but 50% or more will be unacceptable). Did anyone try to measure the performance difference, are there any comparison tables? What virtual machine with the lowest overhead possible will you suggest? My host OS is Win7 and I've got a modern Core i7 with VT-x present. Thanks!

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• What are the main benefits of implementing a virtual machine as part of an application?

  - by Marplesoft

  Several databases I've been looking at recently implement a virtual machine internally to perform the respective data reads and writes. For an example, check out this article on SQLite's virtual machine they call the 'VDBE'. I'm curious as to what the benefits of such an architecture are. I would assume performance is one but why would a virtual machine like this run faster? In fact, it seems to be that this extra layer could cause it to run slower. So perhaps it's for security? Or portability? Anyway, just curious about this.

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• How do I mount a virtual filesystem in a folder?

  - by chacham15

  I implemented a virtual filesystem using Dokan. I tried to set the drive letter to C but it errors every time. I was wondering if there is a different virtual filesystem which will allow me to do that or if there is a way of fixing it. Is there some windows api call which will allow me to remount the filesystem in a folder? Thanks!!! EDIT: The windows manager does not list the virtual drive, so I cannot mount it through the usual Windows interface. Also, I tried to change the drive name through the property interface and it wouldnt let me do that either.

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• Error while calling a virtual function that is defined in Derived class but not present in Base clas

  - by sandeep

  #include<iostream.h> class A{ public: virtual void fun() {cout<<"A::fun()"; } }; class B : public A { public: virtual void fun() {cout<<"B::fun()"; } virtual void func() {cout<<"B::func"; } }; int main() { A *obj1=new B; obj1->fun(); obj1->func(); }

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• How to overwrite virtual fnc in good style? [C++]

  - by atch

  Hi, guys I know this question is very basic but I've met in few publications (websites, books) different style of overwriting virtual function. What I mean is: if I have base class: class Base { public: virtual void f() = 0; }; in some publications I saw that to overwrite this some authors would just say: void f(); and some would still repeat the virtual keyword before void. Which form of overwriting is in good style? Thank you for your answers.

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• What common interface would be appropriate for these game object classes?

  - by Jefffrey

  Question A component based system's goal is to solve the problems that derives from inheritance: for example the fact that some parts of the code (that are called components) are reused by very different classes that, hypothetically, would lie in a very different branch of the inheritance tree. That's a very nice concept, but I've found out that CBS is often hard to accomplish without using ugly hacks. Implementations of this system are often far from clean. But I don't want to discuss this any further. My question is: how can I solve the same problems a CBS try to solve with a very clean interface? (possibly with examples, there are a lot of abstract talks about the "perfect" design already). Context Here's an example I was going for before realizing I was just reinventing inheritance again: class Human { public: Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; // other human specific components }; class Zombie { Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; // other zombie specific components }; After writing that I realized I needed an interface, otherwise I would have needed N containers for N different types of objects (or to use boost::variant to gather them all together). So I've thought of polymorphism (move what systems do in a CBS design into class specific functions): class Entity { public: virtual void on_event(Event) {} // not pure virtual on purpose virtual void on_update(World) {} virtual void on_draw(Window) {} }; class Human : public Entity { private: Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; public: virtual void on_event(Event) { ... } virtual void on_update(World) { ... } virtual void on_draw(Window) { ... } }; class Zombie : public Entity { private: Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; public: virtual void on_event(Event) { ... } virtual void on_update(World) { ... } virtual void on_draw(Window) { ... } }; Which was nice, except for the fact that now the outside world would not even be able to know where a Human is positioned (it does not have access to its position member). That would be useful to track the player position for collision detection or if on_update the Zombie would want to track down its nearest human to move towards him. So I added const Position& get_position() const; to both the Zombie and Human classes. And then I realized that both functionality were shared, so it should have gone to the common base class: Entity. Do you notice anything? Yes, with that methodology I would have a god Entity class full of common functionality (which is the thing I was trying to avoid in the first place). Meaning of "hacks" in the implementation I'm referring to I'm talking about the implementations that defines Entities as simple IDs to which components are dynamically attached. Their implementation can vary from C-stylish: int last_id; Position* positions[MAX_ENTITIES]; Movement* movements[MAX_ENTITIES]; Where positions[i], movements[i], component[i], ... make up the entity. Or to more C++-style: int last_id; std::map<int, Position> positions; std::map<int, Movement> movements; From which systems can detect if an entity/id can have attached components.

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• Should I be using KeepAlive Off when doing a virtual host redirect in apache2?

  - by mpaler

  Hi, I've read in a few examples of when using apache virtual hosts to redirect all requests to somesite.com to www.somesite.com one should use KeepAlive off in the directive for performance enhancements. Is this correct? Thanks, Mike

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• Nhibernate mapping

  - by john

  Hi All I am trying to map Users to each other. The senario is that users can have buddies, so it links to itself I was thinking of this public class User { public virtual Guid Id { get; set; } public virtual string FirstName { get; set; } public virtual string LastName { get; set; } public virtual string EmailAddress { get; set; } public virtual string Password { get; set; } public virtual DateTime? DateCreated { get; set; } **public virtual IList<User> Friends { get; set; }** public virtual bool Deleted { get; set; } } But am strugling to do the xml mapping.

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• port forwarding on windows server 2008 to Hyper-v machines

  - by This is it

  I have a host machine (win server 2008 R2) with several Hyper-V virtual machines. I want to be able to redirect certain ports of host to virtual machines. There is virtual network connection between host and virtual machines (192.168.10.xxx). Host is also attached to external network (10.10.10.123). Virtual machines have several other networks between them. E.g., I want to be able to redirect traffic from 10.10.10.123 12345 to 192.168.10.321 54321 I tried RRAS in windows server but for it to work Default gateway to 10.10.10.123 has to be set in virtual machines. Virtual machines can not be on external network.

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• Cannot add rows when the DataGridView control is in virtual mode?

  - by monkey_boys

  When I try to add a new row to a DataGridView in virtual mode like this: dataGridViewX1.Rows.Add(new string[] { "Parker", "Seattle" }); The following exception occurs: Operation is not valid when the DataGridView control is in virtual mode?

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• C++: Can virtual inheritance be detected at compile time?

  - by Tim

  I would like to determine at compile time if a pointer to Derived can be cast from a pointer to Base without dynamic_cast<. Is this possible using templates and metaprogramming? This isn't exactly the same problem as determining if Base is a virtual base class of Derived, because Base could be the super class of a virtual base class of Derived. Thanks, Tim

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• Apache Virtual Host in Windows - how do I deal with Symbolic links?

  - by Peeaytchpee

  Hi Folks, I'm trying to run a virtual host on a WAPP stack. My virtual host has the FollowSymLinks option, but in Windows, all those symbolic links (I'm using shortcuts, and I think this may be the problem) have the .lnk extension. So if I'm trying to access settings.html, Apache can't find it because all i have sitting there is settings.html.lnk. Apologies if my question is unclear.

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• Problem with Command Pattern under Visual Studio 2008 (C++)

  - by D.Giunchi

  Dear All, I've a problem with this pattern under c++ on VS 2008. The same code has been tested in gcc (linux, mac and mingw for widnows) and it works. I copy/paste the code here: class MyCommand { public: virtual void execute() = 0; virtual ~MyCommand () {}; }; class MyOperation { public: virtual void DoIt() {}; //I also write it not inline }; class MyOperationDerived : public MyOperation { public: virtual void DoIt() {}; //I also write it not inline }; class MyUndoStackCommand : public MyCommand { public: typedef void(MyOperation::*Action)(); MyUndoStackCommand(MyOperation *rec, Action action); /*virtual*/ void execute(); /*virtual*/ ~MyUndoStackCommand(); private: MyOperation *myReceiver; Action myAction ; }; in cpp: #include "MyUndoStackCommand.h" #include "MyOperation.h" MyUndoStackCommand::~MyUndoStackCommand() { } MyUndoStackCommand::MyUndoStackCommand(myOperation *rec, Action action): myReceiver(rec), myAction(action) { } void MyUndoStackCommand::execute() { ((myReceiver)->*(myAction))(); } use in main.cpp: MyReceiver receiver; MyUndoStackCommand usc(&receiver, &MyOperation::DoIt); usc.execute(); when I debug under visual studio only if I set inside MyUndoStackCommand, directly myAction = &MyOperation::DoIt , it works, otherwise not. Any advice? thank you very much, dan Edit: The following code compiles with g++ - changes by Neil Butterworth flagged as //NB. class MyCommand { public: virtual void execute() = 0; virtual ~MyCommand () {}; }; class MyOperation { public: virtual void DoIt() {}; //I also write it not inline }; class MyOperationDerived : public MyOperation { public: virtual void DoIt() {}; //I also write it not inline }; class MyUndoStackCommand : public MyCommand { public: typedef void(MyOperation::*Action)(); MyUndoStackCommand(MyOperation *rec, Action action); /*virtual*/ void execute(); /*virtual*/ ~MyUndoStackCommand(); private: MyOperation *myReceiver; Action myAction ; }; MyUndoStackCommand::~MyUndoStackCommand() { } MyUndoStackCommand::MyUndoStackCommand(MyOperation *rec, //NB Action action) : myReceiver(rec), myAction(action) { } void MyUndoStackCommand::execute() { ((myReceiver)->*(myAction))(); } int main() { MyOperation receiver; //NB MyUndoStackCommand usc(&receiver, &MyOperation::DoIt); usc.execute(); }

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• Is using a C++ "Virtual Constructor" generally considered good practice?

  - by LoudNPossiblyRight

  Yes i know the phrase "virtual constructor" makes no sense but i still see articles like this one: http://www.informit.com/guides/content.aspx?g=cplusplus&seqNum=184 and i'v heard it mentioned as a c++ interview. What is the general consensus? Is a "Virtual Constructor" good practice or something to be avoided completely? Thanks in advance.

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• Why is Visual Studio appending "_1" to my website virtual directory?

  - by JC

  I open a solution containing a website project named "Student" in Visual Studio. It adds a virtual directory to IIS named "Student_1" even though there is no virtual directory named "Student". Any idea why Visual Studio is doing this?

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• when do we have a virtual memory problem using Fastmm4?

  - by JD

  Hi, We have an application whose virtual memory rises and keep going for over a day. After two days it has climbed to about 500MB. I have tried profiling the applications which hits a database as well as makes lots of http and soap requests but I Fastmm4 shows there are no leaks. I am not sure how or when memory is claimed and if there is a problem here with the rising virtual memory? JD

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• How do I achieve virtual attributes in CakePHP (using code, not SQL) as implemented in Ruby on Rails

  - by ash

  Source: http://asciicasts.com/episodes/16-virtual-attributes I'd like to achieve a similar setup as below, but in CakePHP and where the virtual attributes are created using code, not SQL (as documented at http://book.cakephp.org/view/1070/Additional-Methods-and-Properties#Using-virtualFields-1590). class User < ActiveRecord::Base # Getter def full_name [first_name, last_name].join(' ') end # Setter def full_name=(name) split = name.split(' ', 2) self.first_name = split.first self.last_name = split.last end end

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• C# Why does code compile fine when there is an ambiguous virtual method?

  - by Jimbo

  I have a class (Class B) that inherits another class (Class A) that contains virtual methods. Mistakenly, I omitted the override keyword when declaring a (supposed to be) overriding method in Class B. Class A public class ClassA{ public virtual void TestMethod(){ } } Class B public class ClassB : ClassA{ public void TestMethod(){ } } The code compiled without a problem. Can anyone explain why?

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• cocos2d-x and handling touch events

  - by Jason

  I have my sprites on screen and I have a vector that stores each sprite. Can a CCSprite* handle a touch event? Or just the CCLayer*? What is the best way to decide what sprite was touched? Should I store the coordinates of where the sprite is (in the sprite class) and when I get the event, see if where the user touched is where the sprite is by looking through the vector and getting each sprites current coordinates? UPDATE: I subclass CCSprite: class Field : public cocos2d::CCSprite, public cocos2d::CCTargetedTouchDelegate and I implement functions: cocos2d::CCRect rect(); virtual void onEnter(); virtual void onExit(); bool containsTouchLocation(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch); virtual bool ccTouchBegan(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch, cocos2d::CCEvent* event); virtual void ccTouchMoved(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch, cocos2d::CCEvent* event); virtual void ccTouchEnded(cocos2d::CCTouch* touch, cocos2d::CCEvent* event); virtual void touchDelegateRetain(); virtual void touchDelegateRelease(); I put CCLOG statements in each one and I dont hit them! When I touch the CCLayer this sprite is on though I do hit those in the class that implements the Layer and puts these sprites on the layer.

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• WPA2 authentication fails on Ubuntu 12.04 using Rosewill RNX-N1

  - by user94156

  Decided to reduce the clutter in the house and replace a wired connection with a wireless one on my wife's system using USB network device Rosewill RNX-X1. I can see and connect to unprotected network, but WPA2 authentication repeatedly fails. RNX-X1 works on other systems (including TV); also have 2 of 'em and tried each. Worth noting that I recently switched from Comcast to CenturyLink and so switched routers. The system connected successfully to previous router (Linksys EA4500) using WPA2. Would think it is the router (Actiontec C1000A) but all other devices (TV, iPad, Windows, Blackberry, and Squeezebox) connect ok. Would appreciate some diagnostic guidance and insight (phrased for a newbie!) Tests to date: sudo lshw -class network *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 01 serial: 00:e0:4d:30:40:a1 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:47 ioport:ac00(size=256) memory:fdcff000-fdcfffff memory:fdb00000-fdb1ffff *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:2 logical name: wlan1 serial: 00:02:6f:bd:30:a0 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=3.2.0-31-generic firmware=0.29 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn sudo lspci -v 00:00.0 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [44] HyperTransport: Slave or Primary Interface Capabilities: [dc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable+ Fixed- 00:01.0 ISA bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 ISA Bridge (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 00:01.1 SMBus: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 SMBus (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel, IRQ 11 I/O ports at fc00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c40 [size=64] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: nForce2_smbus Kernel modules: i2c-nforce2 00:01.2 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel 00:02.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 Memory at fe02f000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:02.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe02e000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:04.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fe02d000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:04.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 20 Memory at fe02c000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:06.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 IDE Controller (rev a1) (prog-if 8a [Master SecP PriP]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 [virtual] Memory at 000001f0 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 000003f0 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] [virtual] Memory at 00000170 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 00000370 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] I/O ports at f000 [size=16] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: pata_amd Kernel modules: pata_amd 00:07.0 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 High Definition Audio (rev a1) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 820c Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe024000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit+ Capabilities: [6c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:08.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=32 I/O behind bridge: 0000c000-0000cfff Memory behind bridge: fdf00000-fdffffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: fd000000-fd0fffff Capabilities: [b8] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device cb84 Capabilities: [8c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- 00:09.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 AHCI Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 85 [Master SecO PriO]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 5407 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 I/O ports at 09f0 [size=8] I/O ports at 0bf0 [size=4] I/O ports at 0970 [size=8] I/O ports at 0b70 [size=4] I/O ports at dc00 [size=16] Memory at fe02a000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [8c] SATA HBA v1.0 Capabilities: [b0] MSI: Enable- Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [cc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:0b.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000b000-0000bfff Memory behind bridge: fde00000-fdefffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdd00000-00000000fddfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0c.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000a000-0000afff Memory behind bridge: fdc00000-fdcfffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdb00000-00000000fdbfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0d.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00009000-00009fff Memory behind bridge: fda00000-fdafffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd900000-00000000fd9fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0e.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=05, subordinate=05, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00008000-00008fff Memory behind bridge: fd800000-fd8fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd700000-00000000fd7fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0f.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=06, subordinate=06, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00007000-00007fff Memory behind bridge: fd600000-fd6fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd500000-00000000fd5fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:10.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=07, subordinate=07, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00006000-00006fff Memory behind bridge: fd400000-fd4fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd300000-00000000fd3fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:11.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=08, subordinate=08, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00005000-00005fff Memory behind bridge: fd200000-fd2fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd100000-00000000fd1fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:12.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation C68 [GeForce 7050 PV / nForce 630a] (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 1406 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fb000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at fc000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] [virtual] Expansion ROM at 80000000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidia_current, nouveau, nvidiafb 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [80] HyperTransport: Host or Secondary Interface 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map Flags: fast devsel 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller Flags: fast devsel 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [f0] Secure device <?> Kernel driver in use: k8temp Kernel modules: k8temp 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 2305 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 47 I/O ports at ac00 [size=256] Memory at fdcff000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] [virtual] Expansion ROM at fdb00000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [48] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [84] Vendor Specific Information: Len=4c <?> Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [12c] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [148] Device Serial Number 32-00-00-00-10-ec-81-68 Capabilities: [154] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 sudo rfkill list all 2: phy2: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no

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• WPA2 authentication fails using USB network devices (Linksys and Rosewill)

  - by Greg Youtz

  Decided to reduce the clutter in the house and replace a wired connection with a wireless one on my wife's system using USB network device Rosewill RNX-X1. I can see and connect to unprotected network, but WPA2 authentication repeatedly fails. Tried the same with a Linksys USB network adapter. Both failed to authenticate. Worth noting that I recently switched from Comcast to CenturyLink and so switched routers. The system connected successfully to previous router (Linksys EA4500) using WPA2. Would think it is the router (Actiontec C1000A) but all other devices (TV, iPad, Windows, Blackberry, and Squeezebox) connect ok. Would appreciate some diagnostic guidance and insight (phrased for a newbie!) Tests to date: sudo lshw -class network *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 01 serial: 00:e0:4d:30:40:a1 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:47 ioport:ac00(size=256) memory:fdcff000-fdcfffff memory:fdb00000-fdb1ffff *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:2 logical name: wlan1 serial: 00:02:6f:bd:30:a0 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=3.2.0-31-generic firmware=0.29 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn sudo lspci -v 00:00.0 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [44] HyperTransport: Slave or Primary Interface Capabilities: [dc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable+ Fixed- 00:01.0 ISA bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 ISA Bridge (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 00:01.1 SMBus: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 SMBus (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel, IRQ 11 I/O ports at fc00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c40 [size=64] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: nForce2_smbus Kernel modules: i2c-nforce2 00:01.2 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel 00:02.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 Memory at fe02f000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:02.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe02e000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:04.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fe02d000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:04.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 20 Memory at fe02c000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:06.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 IDE Controller (rev a1) (prog-if 8a [Master SecP PriP]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 [virtual] Memory at 000001f0 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 000003f0 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] [virtual] Memory at 00000170 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 00000370 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] I/O ports at f000 [size=16] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: pata_amd Kernel modules: pata_amd 00:07.0 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 High Definition Audio (rev a1) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 820c Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe024000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit+ Capabilities: [6c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:08.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=32 I/O behind bridge: 0000c000-0000cfff Memory behind bridge: fdf00000-fdffffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: fd000000-fd0fffff Capabilities: [b8] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device cb84 Capabilities: [8c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- 00:09.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 AHCI Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 85 [Master SecO PriO]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 5407 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 I/O ports at 09f0 [size=8] I/O ports at 0bf0 [size=4] I/O ports at 0970 [size=8] I/O ports at 0b70 [size=4] I/O ports at dc00 [size=16] Memory at fe02a000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [8c] SATA HBA v1.0 Capabilities: [b0] MSI: Enable- Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [cc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:0b.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000b000-0000bfff Memory behind bridge: fde00000-fdefffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdd00000-00000000fddfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0c.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000a000-0000afff Memory behind bridge: fdc00000-fdcfffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdb00000-00000000fdbfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0d.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00009000-00009fff Memory behind bridge: fda00000-fdafffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd900000-00000000fd9fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0e.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=05, subordinate=05, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00008000-00008fff Memory behind bridge: fd800000-fd8fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd700000-00000000fd7fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0f.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=06, subordinate=06, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00007000-00007fff Memory behind bridge: fd600000-fd6fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd500000-00000000fd5fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:10.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=07, subordinate=07, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00006000-00006fff Memory behind bridge: fd400000-fd4fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd300000-00000000fd3fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:11.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=08, subordinate=08, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00005000-00005fff Memory behind bridge: fd200000-fd2fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd100000-00000000fd1fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:12.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation C68 [GeForce 7050 PV / nForce 630a] (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 1406 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fb000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at fc000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] [virtual] Expansion ROM at 80000000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidia_current, nouveau, nvidiafb 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [80] HyperTransport: Host or Secondary Interface 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map Flags: fast devsel 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller Flags: fast devsel 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [f0] Secure device <?> Kernel driver in use: k8temp Kernel modules: k8temp 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 2305 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 47 I/O ports at ac00 [size=256] Memory at fdcff000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] [virtual] Expansion ROM at fdb00000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [48] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [84] Vendor Specific Information: Len=4c <?> Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [12c] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [148] Device Serial Number 32-00-00-00-10-ec-81-68 Capabilities: [154] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 sudo rfkill list all 2: phy2: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no Would appreciate insight on how to chase this down.

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• Disable alt + tab moving windows by itself

  - by Lie Ryan

  Whenever I press Alt + Tab , Unity moves the window I'm switching to so that the whole window is inside the screen. This behavior is excruciatingly annoying because I often move a window (usually text editors) partially outside the current screen so I can view another window below it (usually a browser). Every time I Alt + Tab back to the text editor, I'm getting an unnecessary virtual screen switch, and Unity is rearranging the windows behind my back. For instance, here is a browser and text editor on Virtual Screen 1 (top left), note that the text editor is partially outside the current screen: Then I Alt-Tab to the browser (or clicked on it): Next, I Alt + Tab again to get back to the text editor, but Alt-Tab switched me to Virtual Screen 4 (bottom right) because a larger percentage of the text editor window is on virtual screen 4 than in virtual screen 1; and the browser is no longer in the screen. Also note that the text editor window moves from being on the bottom-right to the top-left, which is very disorienting as I can no longer keep track of where any of my windows are since they all keep moving around by themselves.. How do I disable this behavior? I don't want to have any virtual screen switch when Alt + Tab , especially since Alt + Tab does not list windows that is completely not in the current virtual screen anyway.

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• Where we should put validation for domain model

  - by adisembiring

  I still looking best practice for domain model validation. Is that good to put the validation in constructor of domain model ? my domain model validation example as follows: public class Order { private readonly List<OrderLine> _lineItems; public virtual Customer Customer { get; private set; } public virtual DateTime OrderDate { get; private set; } public virtual decimal OrderTotal { get; private set; } public Order (Customer customer) { if (customer == null) throw new ArgumentException("Customer name must be defined"); Customer = customer; OrderDate = DateTime.Now; _lineItems = new List<LineItem>(); } public void AddOderLine //.... public IEnumerable<OrderLine> AddOderLine { get {return _lineItems;} } } public class OrderLine { public virtual Order Order { get; set; } public virtual Product Product { get; set; } public virtual int Quantity { get; set; } public virtual decimal UnitPrice { get; set; } public OrderLine(Order order, int quantity, Product product) { if (order == null) throw new ArgumentException("Order name must be defined"); if (quantity <= 0) throw new ArgumentException("Quantity must be greater than zero"); if (product == null) throw new ArgumentException("Product name must be defined"); Order = order; Quantity = quantity; Product = product; } } Thanks for all of your suggestion.

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• Multiple IPs on firewall, are these virtual interfaces or what?

  - by Jakobud

  We have 5 static IP addresses from our ISP: XXX.XXX.XXX.180 XXX.XXX.XXX.181 XXX.XXX.XXX.182 XXX.XXX.XXX.183 XXX.XXX.XXX.184 On our firewall box, the NIC that is connected to our cable modem, appears to have all 5 IP addresses set on it. A previous IT guy set this thing up, and I'm not sure exactly what he did. Are these virtual interfaces on this NIC or what? Here is my ip addr output for that NIC: rwd0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet XXX.XXX.XXX.180/24 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global rwd0 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.181/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global rwd0:FWB9 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.182/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global secondary rwd0:FWB10 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.183/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global secondary rwd0:FWB11 inet XXX.XXX.XXX.184/29 brd XXX.XXX.XXX.186 scope global secondary rwd0:FWB12 inet6 fe80::250:8bff:fe61:5734/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever I'm a bit new to firewalls and networking so I'm just trying to figure out what he had going on here. I know he used Firewall Builder to configure the iptables rules, maybe that has something to do with the "FWB" I see in those names? So my questions are: What is going on here? Virtual Interfaces? Or something else? If we want to put in a second firewall in parallel with this firewall but we only want it to handle traffic to XXX.XXX.XXX.182, how do we get rid of the static XXX.XXX.XXX.182 address on this existing firewall box?

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• sudoer scheme for another web developer that retains my future control of a virtual server?

  - by Tchalvak

  Background: Virtual Private Server I have a virtual private server that I'm looking to host multiple websites on, and provide access to another web developer. I don't care about putting too many constraints on him, though I wouldn't mind isolating the site that he'll be developing from other sites on the server that I will develop. The problem: retain control Mainly what I want is to make sure that I retain control over the server in the future. I want to reserve the ability to create/promote/demote and other administrative functions that don't deal with web software. If I make him an admin, he can sudo su - and become root and remove root control from me, for example. I need him not to be able to: take away other admin permissions change the root password have control over other security/administrative functions I would like him to still be able to: install software (through apt-get) restart apache access mysql configure mysql/apache reboot edit web development configuration type files in /etc/ Other Standard Setups would be happily considered I've never really set up a good sudoers file, so simple example setups would be very useful, even if they're only somewhat similar to the settings that I'm hoping for above. Edit: I have not yet finalized permissions, standard, useful sudo setups are certainly an option, the lists above are more what I'm hoping I can do, I don't know that that setup can be done.

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