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  • Foreach PHP Error

    - by Logan
    I am receiving the following foreach error on my PHP file and I have no idea how to fix it. Does anyone have any ideas? When I load the page I get this: Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 61 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/mysite/public_html/merge/class/global_functions.php on line 89 Line 61 and 89 of my /class/global_functions.php are as followed: Here is my code from line 61 to line 98: foreach($GLOBALS['userpermbit'] as $v) { if(strstr($v['perm'],'|'.$pageperm_id[0]['id'].'|')) return true; } //if they dont have perms and we're not externally including functions return false if ($GLOBALS['external'] != true) return false; return true; } //FUNCTION: quick perm check using perm info from the onload perm check function stealthPermCheck($req) { #if theyre an admin give them perms if(@in_array($GLOBALS['user'][0]['id'], $GLOBALS['superAdmins'])) return true; if(!is_numeric($req)) { #if the req is numeric we need to match a title, not a permid. So try to do that foreach($GLOBALS['userpermbit'] as $v) { if(stristr($v['title'],$req)) return true; } }else{ #check if they have perms numerically if so return true foreach($GLOBALS['userpermbit'] as $v) { if(strstr($v['perm'],'|'.$req.'|')) return true; } } #if none of this returned true they dont have perms, return false return false; }

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  • how to clear stack after stack overflow signal occur

    - by user353573
    In pthread, After reaching yellow zone in stack, signal handler stop the recursive function by making it return however, we can only continue to use extra area in yellow zone, how to clear the rubbish before the yellow zone in the thread stack ? (Copied from "answers"): #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <signal.h> #include <setjmp.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <assert.h> #include <sys/resource.h> #define ALT_STACK_SIZE (64*1024) #define YELLOW_ZONE_PAGES (1) typedef struct { size_t stack_size; char* stack_pointer; char* red_zone_boundary; char* yellow_zone_boundary; sigjmp_buf return_point; size_t red_zone_size; } ThreadInfo; static pthread_key_t thread_info_key; static struct sigaction newAct, oldAct; bool gofromyellow = false; int call_times = 0; static void main_routine(){ // make it overflow if(gofromyellow == true) { printf("return from yellow zone, called %d times\n", call_times); return; } else { call_times = call_times + 1; main_routine(); gofromyellow = true; } } // red zone management static void stackoverflow_routine(){ fprintf(stderr, "stack overflow error.\n"); fflush(stderr); } // yellow zone management static void yellow_zone_hook(){ fprintf(stderr, "exceed yellow zone.\n"); fflush(stderr); } static int get_stack_info(void** stackaddr, size_t* stacksize){ int ret = -1; pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_attr_init(&attr); if(pthread_getattr_np(pthread_self(), &attr) == 0){ ret = pthread_attr_getstack(&attr, stackaddr, stacksize); } pthread_attr_destroy(&attr); return ret; } static int is_in_stack(const ThreadInfo* tinfo, char* pointer){ return (tinfo->stack_pointer <= pointer) && (pointer < tinfo->stack_pointer + tinfo->stack_size); } static int is_in_red_zone(const ThreadInfo* tinfo, char* pointer){ if(tinfo->red_zone_boundary){ return (tinfo->stack_pointer <= pointer) && (pointer < tinfo->red_zone_boundary); } } static int is_in_yellow_zone(const ThreadInfo* tinfo, char* pointer){ if(tinfo->yellow_zone_boundary){ return (tinfo->red_zone_boundary <= pointer) && (pointer < tinfo->yellow_zone_boundary); } } static void set_yellow_zone(ThreadInfo* tinfo){ int pagesize = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE); assert(pagesize > 0); tinfo->yellow_zone_boundary = tinfo->red_zone_boundary + pagesize * YELLOW_ZONE_PAGES; mprotect(tinfo->red_zone_boundary, pagesize * YELLOW_ZONE_PAGES, PROT_NONE); } static void reset_yellow_zone(ThreadInfo* tinfo){ size_t pagesize = tinfo->yellow_zone_boundary - tinfo->red_zone_boundary; if(mmap(tinfo->red_zone_boundary, pagesize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, 0, 0) == 0){ perror("mmap failed"), exit(1); } mprotect(tinfo->red_zone_boundary, pagesize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); tinfo->yellow_zone_boundary = 0; } static void signal_handler(int sig, siginfo_t* sig_info, void* sig_data){ if(sig == SIGSEGV){ ThreadInfo* tinfo = (ThreadInfo*) pthread_getspecific(thread_info_key); char* fault_address = (char*) sig_info->si_addr; if(is_in_stack(tinfo, fault_address)){ if(is_in_red_zone(tinfo, fault_address)){ siglongjmp(tinfo->return_point, 1); }else if(is_in_yellow_zone(tinfo, fault_address)){ reset_yellow_zone(tinfo); yellow_zone_hook(); gofromyellow = true; return; } else { //inside stack not related overflow SEGV happen } } } } static void register_application_info(){ pthread_key_create(&thread_info_key, NULL); sigemptyset(&newAct.sa_mask); sigaddset(&newAct.sa_mask, SIGSEGV); newAct.sa_sigaction = signal_handler; newAct.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | SA_RESTART | SA_ONSTACK; sigaction(SIGSEGV, &newAct, &oldAct); } static void register_thread_info(ThreadInfo* tinfo){ stack_t ss; pthread_setspecific(thread_info_key, tinfo); get_stack_info((void**)&tinfo->stack_pointer, &tinfo->stack_size); printf("stack size %d mb\n", tinfo->stack_size/1024/1024 ); tinfo->red_zone_boundary = tinfo->stack_pointer + tinfo->red_zone_size; set_yellow_zone(tinfo); ss.ss_sp = (char*)malloc(ALT_STACK_SIZE); ss.ss_size = ALT_STACK_SIZE; ss.ss_flags = 0; sigaltstack(&ss, NULL); } static void* thread_routine(void* p){ ThreadInfo* tinfo = (ThreadInfo*)p; register_thread_info(tinfo); if(sigsetjmp(tinfo->return_point, 1) == 0){ main_routine(); } else { stackoverflow_routine(); } free(tinfo); printf("after tinfo, end thread\n"); return 0; } int main(int argc, char** argv){ register_application_info(); if( argc == 2 ){ int stacksize = atoi(argv[1]); pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_attr_init(&attr); pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr, 1024 * 1024 * stacksize); { pthread_t pid0; ThreadInfo* tinfo = (ThreadInfo*)calloc(1, sizeof(ThreadInfo)); pthread_attr_getguardsize(&attr, &tinfo->red_zone_size); pthread_create(&pid0, &attr, thread_routine, tinfo); pthread_join(pid0, NULL); } } else { printf("Usage: %s stacksize(mb)\n", argv[0]); } return 0; } C language in linux, ubuntu

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  • Preserving Permalinks

    - by Daniel Moth
    One of the things that gets me on a rant is websites that break permalinks. If you have posted something somewhere and there is a public URL pointing to it, that URL should never ever return a 404. You are breaking all websites that ever linked to you and you are breaking all search engine links to your content (that others will try and follow). It is a pet peeve of mine. So when I had to move my blog, obviously I would preserve the root URL (www.danielmoth.com/Blog/), but I also wanted to preserve every URL my blog has generated over the years. To be clear, our focus here is on the URL formatting, not the content migration which I'll talk about in my next post. In this post, I'll describe my solution first and then what it solves. 1. The IIS7 Rewrite Module and web.config There are a few ways you can map an old URL to a new one (so when requests to the old URL come in, they get redirected to the new one). The new blog engine I use (dasBlog) has built-in functionality to do that (Scott refers to it here). Instead, the way I chose to address the issue was to use the IIS7 rewrite module. The IIS7 rewrite module allows redirecting URLs based on pattern matching, regular expressions and, of course, hardcoded full URLs for things that don't fall into any pattern. You can configure it visually from IIS Manager using a handy dialog that allows testing patterns against input URLs. Here is what mine looked like after configuring a few rules: To learn more about this technology check out this video, the reference page and this overview blog post; all 3 pages have a collection of related resources at the bottom worth checking out too. All the visual configuration ends up in a web.config file at the root folder of your website. If you are on a shared hosting service, probably the only way you can use the Rewrite Module is by directly editing the web.config file. Next, I'll describe the URLs I had to map and how that manifested itself in the web.config file. What I did was create the rules locally using the GUI, and then took the generated web.config file and uploaded it to my live site. You can view my web.config here. 2. Monthly Archives Observe the difference between the way the two blog engines generate this type of URL Blogger: /Blog/2004_07_01_mothblog_archive.html dasBlog: /Blog/default,month,2004-07.aspx In my web.config file, the rule that deals with this is the one named "monthlyarchive_redirect". 3. Categories Observe the difference between the way the two blog engines generate this type of URL Blogger: /Blog/labels/Personal.html dasBlog: /Blog/CategoryView,category,Personal.aspx In my web.config file the rule that deals with this is the one named "category_redirect". 4. Posts Observe the difference between the way the two blog engines generate this type of URL Blogger: /Blog/2004/07/hello-world.html dasBlog: /Blog/Hello-World.aspx In my web.config file the rule that deals with this is the one named "post_redirect". Note: The decision is taken to use dasBlog URLs that do not include the date info (see the description of my Appearance settings). If we included the date info then it would have to include the day part, which blogger did not generate. This makes it impossible to redirect correctly and to have a single permalink for blog posts moving forward. An implication of this decision, is that no two blog posts can have the same title. The tool I will describe in my next post (inelegantly) deals with duplicates, but not with triplicates or higher. 5. Unhandled by a generic rule Unfortunately, the two blog engines use different rules for generating URLs for blog posts. Most of the time the conversion is as simple as the example of the previous section where a post titled "Hello World" generates a URL with the words separated by a hyphen. Some times that is not the case, for example: /Blog/2006/05/medc-wrap-up.html /Blog/MEDC-Wrapup.aspx or /Blog/2005/01/best-of-moth-2004.html /Blog/Best-Of-The-Moth-2004.aspx or /Blog/2004/11/more-windows-mobile-2005-details.html /Blog/More-Windows-Mobile-2005-Details-Emerge.aspx In short, blogger does not add words to the title beyond ~39 characters, it drops some words from the title generation (e.g. a, an, on, the), and it preserve hyphens that appear in the title. For this reason, we need to detect these and explicitly list them for redirects (no regular expression can help here because the full set of rules is not listed anywhere). In my web.config file the rule that deals with this is the one named "Redirect rule1 for FullRedirects" combined with the rewriteMap named "StaticRedirects". Note: The tool I describe in my next post will detect all the URLs that need to be explicitly redirected and will list them in a file ready for you to copy them to your web.config rewriteMap. 6. C# code doing the same as the web.config I wrote some naive code that does the same thing as the web.config: given a string it will return a new string converted according to the 3 rules above. It does not take into account the 4th case where an explicit hard-coded conversion is needed (the tool I present in the next post does take that into account). static string REGEX_post_redirect = "[0-9]{4}/[0-9]{2}/([0-9a-z-]+).html"; static string REGEX_category_redirect = "labels/([_0-9a-z-% ]+).html"; static string REGEX_monthlyarchive_redirect = "([0-9]{4})_([0-9]{2})_[0-9]{2}_mothblog_archive.html"; static string Redirect(string oldUrl) { GroupCollection g; if (RunRegExOnIt(oldUrl, REGEX_post_redirect, 2, out g)) return string.Concat(g[1].Value, ".aspx"); if (RunRegExOnIt(oldUrl, REGEX_category_redirect, 2, out g)) return string.Concat("CategoryView,category,", g[1].Value, ".aspx"); if (RunRegExOnIt(oldUrl, REGEX_monthlyarchive_redirect, 3, out g)) return string.Concat("default,month,", g[1].Value, "-", g[2], ".aspx"); return string.Empty; } static bool RunRegExOnIt(string toRegEx, string pattern, int groupCount, out GroupCollection g) { if (pattern.Length == 0) { g = null; return false; } g = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Compiled).Match(toRegEx).Groups; return (g.Count == groupCount); } Comments about this post welcome at the original blog.

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  • Validating a linked item&rsquo;s data template in Sitecore

    - by Kyle Burns
    I’ve been doing quite a bit of work in Sitecore recently and last week I encountered a situation that it appears many others have hit.  I was working with a field that had been configured originally as a grouped droplink, but now needed to be updated to support additional levels of hierarchy in the folder structure.  If you’ve done any work in Sitecore that statement makes sense, but if not it may seem a bit cryptic.  Sitecore offers a number of different field types and a subset of these field types focus on providing links either to other items on the content tree or to content that is not stored in Sitecore.  In the case of the grouped droplink, the field is configured with a “root” folder and each direct descendant of this folder is considered to be a header for a grouping of other items and displayed in a dropdown.  A picture is worth a thousand words, so consider the following piece of a content tree: If I configure a grouped droplink field to use the “Current” folder as its datasource, the control that gets to my content author looks like this: This presents a nicely organized display and limits the user to selecting only the direct grandchildren of the folder root.  It also presents the limitation that struck as we were thinking through the content architecture and how it would hold up over time – the authors cannot further organize content under the root folder because of the structure required for the dropdown to work.  Over time, not allowing the hierarchy to go any deeper would prevent out authors from being able to organize their content in a way that it would be found when needed, so the grouped droplink data type was not going to fit the bill. I needed to look for an alternative data type that allowed for selection of a single item and limited my choices to descendants of a specific node on the content tree.  After looking at the options available for links in Sitecore and considering them against each other, one option stood out as nearly perfect – the droptree.  This field type stores its data identically to the droplink and allows for the selection of zero or one items under a specific node in the content tree.  By changing my data template to use droptree instead of grouped droplink, the author is now presented with the following when selecting a linked item: Sounds great, but a did say almost perfect – there’s still one flaw.  The code intended to display the linked item is expecting the selection to use a specific data template (or more precisely it makes certain assumptions about the fields that will be present), but the droptree does nothing to prevent the author from selecting a folder (since folders are items too) instead of one of the items contained within a folder.  I looked to see if anyone had already solved this problem.  I found many people discussing the problem, but the closest that I found to a solution was the statement “the best thing would probably be to create a custom validator” with no further discussion in regards to what this validator might look like.  I needed to create my own validator to ensure that the user had not selected a folder.  Since so many people had the same issue, I decided to make the validator as reusable as possible and share it here. The validator that I created inherits from StandardValidator.  In order to make the validator more intuitive to developers that are familiar with the TreeList controls in Sitecore, I chose to implement the following parameters: ExcludeTemplatesForSelection – serves as a “deny list”.  If the data template of the selected item is in this list it will not validate IncludeTemplatesForSelection – this can either be empty to indicate that any template not contained in the exclusion list is acceptable or it can contain the list of acceptable templates Now that I’ve explained the parameters and the purpose of the validator, I’ll let the code do the rest of the talking: 1: /// <summary> 2: /// Validates that a link field value meets template requirements 3: /// specified using the following parameters: 4: /// - ExcludeTemplatesForSelection: If present, the item being 5: /// based on an excluded template will cause validation to fail. 6: /// - IncludeTemplatesForSelection: If present, the item not being 7: /// based on an included template will cause validation to fail 8: /// 9: /// ExcludeTemplatesForSelection trumps IncludeTemplatesForSelection 10: /// if the same value appears in both lists. Lists are comma seperated 11: /// </summary> 12: [Serializable] 13: public class LinkItemTemplateValidator : StandardValidator 14: { 15: public LinkItemTemplateValidator() 16: { 17: } 18:   19: /// <summary> 20: /// Serialization constructor is required by the runtime 21: /// </summary> 22: /// <param name="info"></param> 23: /// <param name="context"></param> 24: public LinkItemTemplateValidator(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { } 25:   26: /// <summary> 27: /// Returns whether the linked item meets the template 28: /// constraints specified in the parameters 29: /// </summary> 30: /// <returns> 31: /// The result of the evaluation. 32: /// </returns> 33: protected override ValidatorResult Evaluate() 34: { 35: if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ControlValidationValue)) 36: { 37: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // let "required" validation handle 38: } 39:   40: var excludeString = Parameters["ExcludeTemplatesForSelection"]; 41: var includeString = Parameters["IncludeTemplatesForSelection"]; 42: if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(excludeString) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(includeString)) 43: { 44: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // "allow anything" if no params 45: } 46:   47: Guid linkedItemGuid; 48: if (!Guid.TryParse(ControlValidationValue, out linkedItemGuid)) 49: { 50: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // probably put validator on wrong field 51: } 52:   53: var item = GetItem(); 54: var linkedItem = item.Database.GetItem(new ID(linkedItemGuid)); 55:   56: if (linkedItem == null) 57: { 58: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // this validator isn't for broken links 59: } 60:   61: var exclusionList = (excludeString ?? string.Empty).Split(','); 62: var inclusionList = (includeString ?? string.Empty).Split(','); 63:   64: if ((inclusionList.Length == 0 || inclusionList.Contains(linkedItem.TemplateName)) 65: && !exclusionList.Contains(linkedItem.TemplateName)) 66: { 67: return ValidatorResult.Valid; 68: } 69:   70: Text = GetText("The field \"{0}\" specifies an item which is based on template \"{1}\". This template is not valid for selection", GetFieldDisplayName(), linkedItem.TemplateName); 71:   72: return GetFailedResult(ValidatorResult.FatalError); 73: } 74:   75: protected override ValidatorResult GetMaxValidatorResult() 76: { 77: return ValidatorResult.FatalError; 78: } 79:   80: public override string Name 81: { 82: get { return @"LinkItemTemplateValidator"; } 83: } 84: }   In this blog entry, I have shared some code that I found useful in solving a problem that seemed fairly common.  Hopefully the next person that is looking for this answer finds it useful as well.

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  • Transparency and AlphaBlending

    - by TechTwaddle
    In this post we'll look at the AlphaBlend() api and how it can be used for semi-transparent blitting. AlphaBlend() takes a source device context and a destination device context (DC) and combines the bits in such a way that it gives a transparent effect. Follow the links for the msdn documentation. So lets take a image like, and AlphaBlend() it on our window. The code to do so is below, (under the WM_PAINT message of WndProc) HBITMAP hBitmap=NULL, hBitmapOld=NULL; HDC hMemDC=NULL; BLENDFUNCTION bf; hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); hBitmap = LoadBitmap(g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BITMAP1)); hBitmapOld = SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap); bf.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER; bf.BlendFlags = 0; bf.SourceConstantAlpha = 80; //transparency value between 0-255 bf.AlphaFormat = 0;    AlphaBlend(hdc, 0, 25, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, bf); SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmapOld); DeleteDC(hMemDC); DeleteObject(hBitmap); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);   The code above creates a memory DC (hMemDC) using CreateCompatibleDC(), loads a bitmap onto the memory DC and AlphaBlends it on the device DC (hdc), with a transparency value of 80. The result is: Pretty simple till now. Now lets try to do something a little more exciting. Lets get two images involved, each overlapping the other, giving a better demonstration of transparency. I am also going to add a few buttons so that the user can increase or decrease the transparency by clicking on the buttons. Since this is the first time I played around with GDI apis, I ran into something that everybody runs into sometime or the other, flickering. When clicking the buttons the images would flicker a lot, I figured out why and used something called double buffering to avoid flickering. We will look at both my first implementation and the second implementation just to give the concept a little more depth and perspective. A few pre-conditions before I dive into the code: - hBitmap and hBitmap2 are handles to the two images obtained using LoadBitmap(), these variables are global and are initialized under WM_CREATE - The two buttons in the application are labeled Opaque++ (make more opaque, less transparent) and Opaque-- (make less opaque, more transparent) - DrawPics(HWND hWnd, int step=0); is the function called to draw the images on the screen. This is called from under WM_PAINT and also when the buttons are clicked. When Opaque++ is clicked the 'step' value passed to DrawPics() is +20 and when Opaque-- is clicked the 'step' value is -20. The default value of 'step' is 0 Now lets take a look at my first implementation: //this funciton causes flicker, cos it draws directly to screen several times void DrawPics(HWND hWnd, int step) {     HDC hdc=NULL, hMemDC=NULL;     BLENDFUNCTION bf;     static UINT32 transparency = 100;     //no point in drawing when transparency is 0 and user clicks Opaque--     if (transparency == 0 && step < 0)         return;     //no point in drawing when transparency is 240 (opaque) and user clicks Opaque++     if (transparency == 240 && step > 0)         return;         hdc = GetDC(hWnd);     if (!hdc)         return;     //create a memory DC     hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);     if (!hMemDC)     {         ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);         return;     }     //while increasing transparency, clear the contents of screen     if (step < 0)     {         RECT rect = {0, 0, 240, 200};         FillRect(hdc, &rect, (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));     }     SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap2);     BitBlt(hdc, 0, 25, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);         SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap);     transparency += step;     if (transparency >= 240)         transparency = 240;     if (transparency <= 0)         transparency = 0;     bf.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER;     bf.BlendFlags = 0;     bf.SourceConstantAlpha = transparency;     bf.AlphaFormat = 0;            AlphaBlend(hdc, 0, 75, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, bf);     DeleteDC(hMemDC);     ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc); }   In the code above, we first get the window DC using GetDC() and create a memory DC using CreateCompatibleDC(). Then we select hBitmap2 onto the memory DC and Blt it on the window DC (hdc). Next, we select the other image, hBitmap, onto memory DC and AlphaBlend() it over window DC. As I told you before, this implementation causes flickering because it draws directly on the screen (hdc) several times. The video below shows what happens when the buttons were clicked rapidly: Well, the video recording tool I use captures only 15 frames per second and so the flickering is not visible in the video. So you're gonna have to trust me on this, it flickers (; To solve this problem we make sure that the drawing to the screen happens only once and to do that we create an additional memory DC, hTempDC. We perform all our drawing on this memory DC and finally when it is ready we Blt hTempDC on hdc, and the images are displayed in one go. Here is the code for our new DrawPics() function: //no flicker void DrawPics(HWND hWnd, int step) {     HDC hdc=NULL, hMemDC=NULL, hTempDC=NULL;     BLENDFUNCTION bf;     HBITMAP hBitmapTemp=NULL, hBitmapOld=NULL;     static UINT32 transparency = 100;     //no point in drawing when transparency is 0 and user clicks Opaque--     if (transparency == 0 && step < 0)         return;     //no point in drawing when transparency is 240 (opaque) and user clicks Opaque++     if (transparency == 240 && step > 0)         return;         hdc = GetDC(hWnd);     if (!hdc)         return;     hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);     hTempDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);     hBitmapTemp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, 240, 150);     hBitmapOld = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hTempDC, hBitmapTemp);     if (!hMemDC)     {         ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);         return;     }     //while increasing transparency, clear the contents     if (step < 0)     {         RECT rect = {0, 0, 240, 150};         FillRect(hTempDC, &rect, (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));     }     SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap2);     //Blt hBitmap2 directly to hTempDC     BitBlt(hTempDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);         SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap);     transparency += step;     if (transparency >= 240)         transparency = 240;     if (transparency <= 0)         transparency = 0;     bf.BlendOp = AC_SRC_OVER;     bf.BlendFlags = 0;     bf.SourceConstantAlpha = transparency;     bf.AlphaFormat = 0;            AlphaBlend(hTempDC, 0, 50, 240, 100, hMemDC, 0, 0, 240, 100, bf);     //now hTempDC is ready, blt it directly on hdc     BitBlt(hdc, 0, 25, 240, 150, hTempDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);     SelectObject(hTempDC, hBitmapOld);     DeleteObject(hBitmapTemp);     DeleteDC(hMemDC);     DeleteDC(hTempDC);     ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc); }   This function is very similar to the first version, except for the use of hTempDC. Another point to note is the use of CreateCompatibleBitmap(). When a memory device context is created using CreateCompatibleDC(), the context is exactly one monochrome pixel high and one monochrome pixel wide. So in order for us to draw anything onto hTempDC, we first have to set a bitmap on it. We use CreateCompatibleBitmap() to create a bitmap of required dimension (240x150 above), and then select this bitmap onto hTempDC. Think of it as utilizing an extra canvas, drawing everything on the canvas and finally transferring the contents to the display in one scoop. And with this version the flickering is gone, video follows:   If you want the entire solutions source code then leave a message, I will share the code over SkyDrive.

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  • Trabajando el redireccionamiento de usuarios/Working with user redirect methods

    - by Jason Ulloa
    La protección de las aplicaciones es un elemento que no se puede dejar por fuera cuando se elabora un sistema. Cada parte o elemento de código que protege nuetra aplicación debe ser cuidadosamente seleccionado y elaborado. Una de las cosas comunes con las que nos topamos en asp.net cuando deseamos trabajar con usuarios, es con la necesidad de poder redireccionarlos a los distintos elementos o páginas dependiendo del rol. Pues precisamente eso es lo que haremos, vamos a trabajar con el Web.config de nuestra aplicación y le añadiremos unas pequeñas líneas de código para lograr dar un poco mas de seguridad al sistema y sobre todo lograr el redireccionamiento. Así que veamos como logramos lo deseado: Como bien sabemos el web.config nos permite manejar muchos elementos dentro de asp.net, muchos de ellos relacionados con la seguridad, asi como tambien nos brinda la posibilidad de poder personalizar los elementos para poder adaptarlo a nuestras necesidades. Así que, basandonos en el principio de que podemos personalizar el web.config, entonces crearemos una sección personalizada, que será la que utilicemos para manejar el redireccionamiento: Nuestro primer paso será ir a nuestro web.config y buscamos las siguientes líneas: <configuration>     <configSections>  </sectionGroup>             </sectionGroup>         </sectionGroup> Y luego de ellas definiremos una nueva sección  <section name="loginRedirectByRole" type="crabit.LoginRedirectByRoleSection" allowLocation="true" allowDefinition="Everywhere" /> El section name corresponde al nombre de nuestra nueva sección Type corresponde al nombre de la clase (que pronto realizaremos) y que será la encargada del Redirect Como estamos trabajando dentro de la seccion de configuración una vez definidad nuestra sección personalizada debemos cerrar esta sección  </configSections> Por lo que nuestro web.config debería lucir de la siguiente forma <configuration>     <configSections>  </sectionGroup>             </sectionGroup>         </sectionGroup> <section name="loginRedirectByRole" type="crabit.LoginRedirectByRoleSection" allowLocation="true" allowDefinition="Everywhere" /> </configSections> Anteriormente definimos nuestra sección, pero esta sería totalmente inútil sin el Metodo que le da vida. En nuestro caso el metodo loginRedirectByRole, este metodo lo definiremos luego del </configSections> último que cerramos: <loginRedirectByRole>     <roleRedirects>       <add role="Administrador" url="~/Admin/Default.aspx" />       <add role="User" url="~/User/Default.aspx" />     </roleRedirects>   </loginRedirectByRole> Como vemos, dentro de nuestro metodo LoginRedirectByRole tenemos el elemento add role. Este elemento será el que posteriormente le indicará a la aplicación hacia donde irá el usuario cuando realice un login correcto. Así que, veamos un poco esta configuración: add role="Administrador" corresponde al nombre del Role que tenemos definidio, pueden existir tantos elementos add role como tengamos definidos en nuestra aplicación. El elemento URL indica la ruta o página a la que será dirigido un usuario una vez logueado y dentro de la aplicación. Como vemos estamos utilizando el ~ para indicar que es una ruta relativa. Con esto hemos terminado la configuración de nuestro web.config, ahora veamos a fondo el código que se encargará de leer estos elementos y de utilziarlos: Para nuestro ejemplo, crearemos una nueva clase denominada LoginRedirectByRoleSection, recordemos que esta clase es la que llamamos en el elemento TYPE definido en la sección de nuestro web.config. Una vez creada la clase, definiremos algunas propiedades, pero antes de ello le indicaremos a nuestra clase que debe heredar de configurationSection, esto para poder obtener los elementos del web.config.  Inherits ConfigurationSection Ahora nuestra primer propiedad   <ConfigurationProperty("roleRedirects")> _         Public Property RoleRedirects() As RoleRedirectCollection             Get                 Return DirectCast(Me("roleRedirects"), RoleRedirectCollection)             End Get             Set(ByVal value As RoleRedirectCollection)                 Me("roleRedirects") = value             End Set         End Property     End Class Esta propiedad será la encargada de obtener todos los roles que definimos en la metodo personalizado de nuestro web.config Nuestro segundo paso será crear una segunda clase (en la misma clase LoginRedirectByRoleSection) a esta clase la llamaremos RoleRedirectCollection y la heredaremos de ConfigurationElementCollection y definiremos lo siguiente Public Class RoleRedirectCollection         Inherits ConfigurationElementCollection         Default Public ReadOnly Property Item(ByVal index As Integer) As RoleRedirect             Get                 Return DirectCast(BaseGet(index), RoleRedirect)             End Get         End Property         Default Public ReadOnly Property Item(ByVal key As Object) As RoleRedirect             Get                 Return DirectCast(BaseGet(key), RoleRedirect)             End Get         End Property         Protected Overrides Function CreateNewElement() As ConfigurationElement             Return New RoleRedirect()         End Function         Protected Overrides Function GetElementKey(ByVal element As ConfigurationElement) As Object             Return DirectCast(element, RoleRedirect).Role         End Function     End Class Nuevamente crearemos otra clase esta vez llamada RoleRedirect y en este caso la heredaremos de ConfigurationElement. Nuestra nueva clase debería lucir así: Public Class RoleRedirect         Inherits ConfigurationElement         <ConfigurationProperty("role", IsRequired:=True)> _         Public Property Role() As String             Get                 Return DirectCast(Me("role"), String)             End Get             Set(ByVal value As String)                 Me("role") = value             End Set         End Property         <ConfigurationProperty("url", IsRequired:=True)> _         Public Property Url() As String             Get                 Return DirectCast(Me("url"), String)             End Get             Set(ByVal value As String)                 Me("url") = value             End Set         End Property     End Class Una vez que nuestra clase madre esta lista, lo unico que nos queda es un poc de codigo en la pagina de login de nuestro sistema (por supuesto, asumo que estan utilizando  los controles de login que por defecto tiene asp.net). Acá definiremos nuestros dos últimos metodos  Protected Sub ctllogin_LoggedIn(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles ctllogin.LoggedIn         RedirectLogin(ctllogin.UserName)     End Sub El procedimiento loggeding es parte del control login de asp.net y se desencadena en el momento en que el usuario hace loguin correctametne en nuestra aplicación Este evento desencadenará el siguiente procedimiento para redireccionar.     Private Sub RedirectLogin(ByVal username As String)         Dim roleRedirectSection As crabit.LoginRedirectByRoleSection = DirectCast(ConfigurationManager.GetSection("loginRedirectByRole"), crabit.LoginRedirectByRoleSection)         For Each roleRedirect As crabit.RoleRedirect In roleRedirectSection.RoleRedirects             If Roles.IsUserInRole(username, roleRedirect.Role) Then                 Response.Redirect(roleRedirect.Url)             End If         Next     End Sub   Con esto, nuestra aplicación debería ser capaz de redireccionar sin problemas y manejar los roles.  Además, tambien recordar que nuestro ejemplo se basa en la utilización del esquema de bases de datos que por defecto nos proporcionada asp.net.

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  • C# yield in nested method

    - by Fastidious
    If I step through the following code the call to ReturnOne() is skipped. static IEnumerable<int> OneThroughFive() { ReturnOne(); yield return 2; yield return 3; yield return 4; yield return 5; } static IEnumerator<int> ReturnOne() { yield return 1; } I can only assume that the compiler is stripping it out because what I'm doing is not valid. I'd like the ability to isolate my enumeration into various methods. Is this possible?

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  • ASP.NET Web API - Screencast series Part 3: Delete and Update

    - by Jon Galloway
    We're continuing a six part series on ASP.NET Web API that accompanies the getting started screencast series. This is an introductory screencast series that walks through from File / New Project to some more advanced scenarios like Custom Validation and Authorization. The screencast videos are all short (3-5 minutes) and the sample code for the series is both available for download and browsable online. I did the screencasts, but the samples were written by the ASP.NET Web API team. In Part 1 we looked at what ASP.NET Web API is, why you'd care, did the File / New Project thing, and did some basic HTTP testing using browser F12 developer tools. In Part 2 we started to build up a sample that returns data from a repository in JSON format via GET methods. In Part 3, we'll start to modify data on the server using DELETE and POST methods. So far we've been looking at GET requests, and the difference between standard browsing in a web browser and navigating an HTTP API isn't quite as clear. Delete is where the difference becomes more obvious. With a "traditional" web page, to delete something'd probably have a form that POSTs a request back to a controller that needs to know that it's really supposed to be deleting something even though POST was really designed to create things, so it does the work and then returns some HTML back to the client that says whether or not the delete succeeded. There's a good amount of plumbing involved in communicating between client and server. That gets a lot easier when we just work with the standard HTTP DELETE verb. Here's how the server side code works: public Comment DeleteComment(int id) { Comment comment; if (!repository.TryGet(id, out comment)) throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); repository.Delete(id); return comment; } If you look back at the GET /api/comments code in Part 2, you'll see that they start the exact same because the use cases are kind of similar - we're looking up an item by id and either displaying it or deleting it. So the only difference is that this method deletes the comment once it finds it. We don't need to do anything special to handle cases where the id isn't found, as the same HTTP 404 handling works fine here, too. Pretty much all "traditional" browsing uses just two HTTP verbs: GET and POST, so you might not be all that used to DELETE requests and think they're hard. Not so! Here's the jQuery method that calls the /api/comments with the DELETE verb: $(function() { $("a.delete").live('click', function () { var id = $(this).data('comment-id'); $.ajax({ url: "/api/comments/" + id, type: 'DELETE', cache: false, statusCode: { 200: function(data) { viewModel.comments.remove( function(comment) { return comment.ID == data.ID; } ); } } }); return false; }); }); So in order to use the DELETE verb instead of GET, we're just using $.ajax() and setting the type to DELETE. Not hard. But what's that statusCode business? Well, an HTTP status code of 200 is an OK response. Unless our Web API method sets another status (such as by throwing the Not Found exception we saw earlier), the default response status code is HTTP 200 - OK. That makes the jQuery code pretty simple - it calls the Delete action, and if it gets back an HTTP 200, the server-side delete was successful so the comment can be deleted. Adding a new comment uses the POST verb. It starts out looking like an MVC controller action, using model binding to get the new comment from JSON data into a c# model object to add to repository, but there are some interesting differences. public HttpResponseMessage<Comment> PostComment(Comment comment) { comment = repository.Add(comment); var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Comment>(comment, HttpStatusCode.Created); response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, "/api/comments/" + comment.ID.ToString()); return response; } First off, the POST method is returning an HttpResponseMessage<Comment>. In the GET methods earlier, we were just returning a JSON payload with an HTTP 200 OK, so we could just return the  model object and Web API would wrap it up in an HttpResponseMessage with that HTTP 200 for us (much as ASP.NET MVC controller actions can return strings, and they'll be automatically wrapped in a ContentResult). When we're creating a new comment, though, we want to follow standard REST practices and return the URL that points to the newly created comment in the Location header, and we can do that by explicitly creating that HttpResposeMessage and then setting the header information. And here's a key point - by using HTTP standard status codes and headers, our response payload doesn't need to explain any context - the client can see from the status code that the POST succeeded, the location header tells it where to get it, and all it needs in the JSON payload is the actual content. Note: This is a simplified sample. Among other things, you'll need to consider security and authorization in your Web API's, and especially in methods that allow creating or deleting data. We'll look at authorization in Part 6. As for security, you'll want to consider things like mass assignment if binding directly to model objects, etc. In Part 4, we'll extend on our simple querying methods form Part 2, adding in support for paging and querying.

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  • Inheritence in C# question - is overriding internal methods possible?

    - by Jeff Dahmer
    Is it possible to override an internal method's behavior? using System; class TestClass { public string Name { get { return this.ProtectedMethod(); } } protected string ProtectedMethod() { return InternalMethod(); } string InternalMethod() { return "TestClass::InternalMethod()"; } } class OverrideClassProgram : TestClass { // try to override the internal method using new? (compiler warning) new string InternalMethod() { return "OverrideClassProgram::InternalMethod()"; } static int Main(string[] args) { // TestClass::InternalMethod() Console.WriteLine(new TestClass().Name); // TestClass::InternalMethod() ?? are we just screwed? Console.WriteLine(new OverrideClassProgram().Name); return (int)Console.ReadKey().Key; } }

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  • ASP.NET Web API and Simple Value Parameters from POSTed data

    - by Rick Strahl
    In testing out various features of Web API I've found a few oddities in the way that the serialization is handled. These are probably not super common but they may throw you for a loop. Here's what I found. Simple Parameters from Xml or JSON Content Web API makes it very easy to create action methods that accept parameters that are automatically parsed from XML or JSON request bodies. For example, you can send a JavaScript JSON object to the server and Web API happily deserializes it for you. This works just fine:public string ReturnAlbumInfo(Album album) { return album.AlbumName + " (" + album.YearReleased.ToString() + ")"; } However, if you have methods that accept simple parameter types like strings, dates, number etc., those methods don't receive their parameters from XML or JSON body by default and you may end up with failures. Take the following two very simple methods:public string ReturnString(string message) { return message; } public HttpResponseMessage ReturnDateTime(DateTime time) { return Request.CreateResponse<DateTime>(HttpStatusCode.OK, time); } The first one accepts a string and if called with a JSON string from the client like this:var client = new HttpClient(); var result = client.PostAsJsonAsync<string>(http://rasxps/AspNetWebApi/albums/rpc/ReturnString, "Hello World").Result; which results in a trace like this: POST http://rasxps/AspNetWebApi/albums/rpc/ReturnString HTTP/1.1Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8Host: rasxpsContent-Length: 13Expect: 100-continueConnection: Keep-Alive "Hello World" produces… wait for it: null. Sending a date in the same fashion:var client = new HttpClient(); var result = client.PostAsJsonAsync<DateTime>(http://rasxps/AspNetWebApi/albums/rpc/ReturnDateTime, new DateTime(2012, 1, 1)).Result; results in this trace: POST http://rasxps/AspNetWebApi/albums/rpc/ReturnDateTime HTTP/1.1Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8Host: rasxpsContent-Length: 30Expect: 100-continueConnection: Keep-Alive "\/Date(1325412000000-1000)\/" (yes still the ugly MS AJAX date, yuk! This will supposedly change by RTM with Json.net used for client serialization) produces an error response: The parameters dictionary contains a null entry for parameter 'time' of non-nullable type 'System.DateTime' for method 'System.Net.Http.HttpResponseMessage ReturnDateTime(System.DateTime)' in 'AspNetWebApi.Controllers.AlbumApiController'. An optional parameter must be a reference type, a nullable type, or be declared as an optional parameter. Basically any simple parameters are not parsed properly resulting in null being sent to the method. For the string the call doesn't fail, but for the non-nullable date it produces an error because the method can't handle a null value. This behavior is a bit unexpected to say the least, but there's a simple solution to make this work using an explicit [FromBody] attribute:public string ReturnString([FromBody] string message) andpublic HttpResponseMessage ReturnDateTime([FromBody] DateTime time) which explicitly instructs Web API to read the value from the body. UrlEncoded Form Variable Parsing Another similar issue I ran into is with POST Form Variable binding. Web API can retrieve parameters from the QueryString and Route Values but it doesn't explicitly map parameters from POST values either. Taking our same ReturnString function from earlier and posting a message POST variable like this:var formVars = new Dictionary<string,string>(); formVars.Add("message", "Some Value"); var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formVars); var client = new HttpClient(); var result = client.PostAsync(http://rasxps/AspNetWebApi/albums/rpc/ReturnString, content).Result; which produces this trace: POST http://rasxps/AspNetWebApi/albums/rpc/ReturnString HTTP/1.1Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedHost: rasxpsContent-Length: 18Expect: 100-continue message=Some+Value When calling ReturnString:public string ReturnString(string message) { return message; } unfortunately it does not map the message value to the message parameter. This sort of mapping unfortunately is not available in Web API. Web API does support binding to form variables but only as part of model binding, which binds object properties to the POST variables. Sending the same message as in the previous example you can use the following code to pick up POST variable data:public string ReturnMessageModel(MessageModel model) { return model.Message; } public class MessageModel { public string Message { get; set; }} Note that the model is bound and the message form variable is mapped to the Message property as would other variables to properties if there were more. This works but it's not very dynamic. There's no real easy way to retrieve form variables (or query string values for that matter) in Web API's Request object as far as I can discern. Well only if you consider this easy:public string ReturnString() { var formData = Request.Content.ReadAsAsync<FormDataCollection>().Result; return formData.Get("message"); } Oddly FormDataCollection does not allow for indexers to work so you have to use the .Get() method which is rather odd. If you're running under IIS/Cassini you can always resort to the old and trusty HttpContext access for request data:public string ReturnString() { return HttpContext.Current.Request.Form["message"]; } which works fine and is easier. It's kind of a bummer that HttpRequestMessage doesn't expose some sort of raw Request object that has access to dynamic data - given that it's meant to serve as a generic REST/HTTP API that seems like a crucial missing piece. I don't see any way to read query string values either. To me personally HttpContext works, since I don't see myself using self-hosted code much.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • Ethernet Communication Error

    - by SivaKumar
    Hi, I wrote a program to query the status of the Ethernet printer for that i created a TCP Stream Socket and i send the query command to the printer.In case of Error less condition it returns No error status but in error case its getting hang at recv command.Even i used Non blocking now the recv command returns nothing and error set as Resource temporarily unavailable. code: #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <errno.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <signal.h> #include <termios.h> #include <poll.h> #include <netinet/tcp.h> #include <stdarg.h> int main() { int ConnectSocket,ConnectSocket1,select_err,err,nRet,nBytesRead; struct timeval waitTime = {10,30}; fd_set socket_set; unsigned char * dataBuf = NULL; unsigned char tempVar, tempVar1, tempVar2, tempVar3; char reset[] = "\033E 2\r"; char print[] = "\033A 1\r"; char buf[1024]={0}; ConnectSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); printf("The Socket ID is %d\n",ConnectSocket); if (ConnectSocket < 0) { perror("socket()"); return 0; } struct sockaddr_in clientService; clientService.sin_family = AF_INET; clientService.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.0.129"); //Printer IP clientService.sin_port = htons( 9100); // Printer Port if ( connect( ConnectSocket, (struct sockaddr*) &clientService, sizeof(clientService) ) == -1) { perror("connect()"); close(ConnectSocket); return -1; } /* if((nRet = ioctl(ConnectSocket , FIONREAD, &nBytesRead) == -1)) { perror("ioctl()"); } perror("ioctl()"); */ FD_ZERO(&socket_set); FD_SET(ConnectSocket, &socket_set); do { errno=0; select_err = select(ConnectSocket+1, NULL, &socket_set, NULL, &waitTime); }while(errno==EINPROGRESS); if (-1 == select_err || 0 == select_err) { int optVal = 0; int optLen = sizeof(optVal); if(select_err == -1) { perror("select() write-side"); } else { //Timeout errno=0; err = getsockopt(ConnectSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, (char*)&optVal, &optLen); printf("the return of the getsockopt is %d\n",err); printf("the opt val is %s\n",(char*)optVal); perror("getsockopt()"); if(err == -1) { perror("getsockopt() write-side"); } } printf("Select Failed during write - ConnectSocket: %d\n", ConnectSocket); //close(ConnectSocket); return -1; } err = send(ConnectSocket,print,sizeof(print)-1, 0); printf("\n No of Bytes Send is %d\n",err); if(err == -1 || err ==0) { perror("send()"); //close(ConnectSocket); return -1; } FD_ZERO(&socket_set); FD_SET(ConnectSocket, &socket_set); do { errno=0; select_err = select(ConnectSocket+1, NULL, &socket_set, NULL, &waitTime); }while(errno==EINPROGRESS); if (-1 == select_err || 0 == select_err) { printf("Select Failed during write - ConnectSocket: %d\n", ConnectSocket); return -1; } err = send(ConnectSocket,reset,sizeof(reset)-1, 0); printf("\n No of Bytes Send is %d\n",err); if(err == -1 || err ==0) { perror("send()"); //close(ConnectSocket); return -1; } FD_ZERO(&socket_set); FD_SET(ConnectSocket, &socket_set); printf("i am in reading \n"); select_err = select(ConnectSocket+1, &socket_set, NULL, NULL, &waitTime); printf("the retun of the read side select is %d \n",select_err); perror("select()"); if (-1 == select_err|| 0 == select_err) { printf("Read timeout; ConnectSocket: %d\n", ConnectSocket); close(ConnectSocket); perror("close()"); return -1; } printf("Before Recv\n"); nBytesRead = recv(ConnectSocket , buf, 1024, 0); printf("No of Bytes read is %d\n",nBytesRead); printf("%s\n",buf); if(nBytesRead == -1) { perror("recv()"); close(ConnectSocket); perror("clode()"); return -1; } close(ConnectSocket); return 1; }

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  • ASP.NET Web API - Screencast series Part 4: Paging and Querying

    - by Jon Galloway
    We're continuing a six part series on ASP.NET Web API that accompanies the getting started screencast series. This is an introductory screencast series that walks through from File / New Project to some more advanced scenarios like Custom Validation and Authorization. The screencast videos are all short (3-5 minutes) and the sample code for the series is both available for download and browsable online. I did the screencasts, but the samples were written by the ASP.NET Web API team. In Part 1 we looked at what ASP.NET Web API is, why you'd care, did the File / New Project thing, and did some basic HTTP testing using browser F12 developer tools. In Part 2 we started to build up a sample that returns data from a repository in JSON format via GET methods. In Part 3, we modified data on the server using DELETE and POST methods. In Part 4, we'll extend on our simple querying methods form Part 2, adding in support for paging and querying. This part shows two approaches to querying data (paging really just being a specific querying case) - you can do it yourself using parameters passed in via querystring (as well as headers, other route parameters, cookies, etc.). You're welcome to do that if you'd like. What I think is more interesting here is that Web API actions that return IQueryable automatically support OData query syntax, making it really easy to support some common query use cases like paging and filtering. A few important things to note: This is just support for OData query syntax - you're not getting back data in OData format. The screencast demonstrates this by showing the GET methods are continuing to return the same JSON they did previously. So you don't have to "buy in" to the whole OData thing, you're just able to use the query syntax if you'd like. This isn't full OData query support - full OData query syntax includes a lot of operations and features - but it is a pretty good subset: filter, orderby, skip, and top. All you have to do to enable this OData query syntax is return an IQueryable rather than an IEnumerable. Often, that could be as simple as using the AsQueryable() extension method on your IEnumerable. Query composition support lets you layer queries intelligently. If, for instance, you had an action that showed products by category using a query in your repository, you could also support paging on top of that. The result is an expression tree that's evaluated on-demand and includes both the Web API query and the underlying query. So with all those bullet points and big words, you'd think this would be hard to hook up. Nope, all I did was change the return type from IEnumerable<Comment> to IQueryable<Comment> and convert the Get() method's IEnumerable result using the .AsQueryable() extension method. public IQueryable<Comment> GetComments() { return repository.Get().AsQueryable(); } You still need to build up the query to provide the $top and $skip on the client, but you'd need to do that regardless. Here's how that looks: $(function () { //--------------------------------------------------------- // Using Queryable to page //--------------------------------------------------------- $("#getCommentsQueryable").click(function () { viewModel.comments([]); var pageSize = $('#pageSize').val(); var pageIndex = $('#pageIndex').val(); var url = "/api/comments?$top=" + pageSize + '&$skip=' + (pageIndex * pageSize); $.getJSON(url, function (data) { // Update the Knockout model (and thus the UI) with the comments received back // from the Web API call. viewModel.comments(data); }); return false; }); }); And the neat thing is that - without any modification to our server-side code - we can modify the above jQuery call to request the comments be sorted by author: $(function () { //--------------------------------------------------------- // Using Queryable to page //--------------------------------------------------------- $("#getCommentsQueryable").click(function () { viewModel.comments([]); var pageSize = $('#pageSize').val(); var pageIndex = $('#pageIndex').val(); var url = "/api/comments?$top=" + pageSize + '&$skip=' + (pageIndex * pageSize) + '&$orderby=Author'; $.getJSON(url, function (data) { // Update the Knockout model (and thus the UI) with the comments received back // from the Web API call. viewModel.comments(data); }); return false; }); }); So if you want to make use of OData query syntax, you can. If you don't like it, you're free to hook up your filtering and paging however you think is best. Neat. In Part 5, we'll add on support for Data Annotation based validation using an Action Filter.

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  • Event Logging in LINQ C# .NET

    The first thing you'll want to do before using this code is to create a table in your database called TableHistory: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TableHistory] (     [TableHistoryID] [int] IDENTITY NOT NULL ,     [TableName] [varchar] (50) NOT NULL ,     [Key1] [varchar] (50) NOT NULL ,     [Key2] [varchar] (50) NULL ,     [Key3] [varchar] (50) NULL ,     [Key4] [varchar] (50) NULL ,     [Key5] [varchar] (50) NULL ,     [Key6] [varchar] (50)NULL ,     [ActionType] [varchar] (50) NULL ,     [Property] [varchar] (50) NULL ,     [OldValue] [varchar] (8000) NULL ,     [NewValue] [varchar] (8000) NULL ,     [ActionUserName] [varchar] (50) NOT NULL ,     [ActionDateTime] [datetime] NOT NULL ) Once you have created the table, you'll need to add it to your custom LINQ class (which I will refer to as DboDataContext), thus creating the TableHistory class. Then, you'll need to add the History.cs file to your project. You'll also want to add the following code to your project to get the system date: public partial class DboDataContext{ [Function(Name = "GetDate", IsComposable = true)] public DateTime GetSystemDate() { MethodInfo mi = MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod() as MethodInfo; return (DateTime)this.ExecuteMethodCall(this, mi, new object[] { }).ReturnValue; }}private static Dictionary<type,> _cachedIL = new Dictionary<type,>();public static T CloneObjectWithIL<t>(T myObject){ Delegate myExec = null; if (!_cachedIL.TryGetValue(typeof(T), out myExec)) { // Create ILGenerator DynamicMethod dymMethod = new DynamicMethod("DoClone", typeof(T), new Type[] { typeof(T) }, true); ConstructorInfo cInfo = myObject.GetType().GetConstructor(new Type[] { }); ILGenerator generator = dymMethod.GetILGenerator(); LocalBuilder lbf = generator.DeclareLocal(typeof(T)); //lbf.SetLocalSymInfo("_temp"); generator.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, cInfo); generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0); foreach (FieldInfo field in myObject.GetType().GetFields( System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Public | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.NonPublic)) { // Load the new object on the eval stack... (currently 1 item on eval stack) generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0); // Load initial object (parameter) (currently 2 items on eval stack) generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); // Replace value by field value (still currently 2 items on eval stack) generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, field); // Store the value of the top on the eval stack into // the object underneath that value on the value stack. // (0 items on eval stack) generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, field); } // Load new constructed obj on eval stack -> 1 item on stack generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0); // Return constructed object. --> 0 items on stack generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); myExec = dymMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<t,>)); _cachedIL.Add(typeof(T), myExec); } return ((Func<t,>)myExec)(myObject);}I got both of the above methods off of the net somewhere (maybe even from CodeProject), but it's been long enough that I can't recall where I got them.Explanation of the History ClassThe History class records changes by creating a TableHistory record, inserting the values for the primary key for the table being modified into the Key1, Key2, ..., Key6 columns (if you have more than 6 values that make up a primary key on any table, you'll want to modify this), setting the type of change being made in the ActionType column (INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE), old value and new value if it happens to be an update action, and the date and Windows identity of the user who made the change.Let's examine what happens when a call is made to the RecordLinqInsert method:public static void RecordLinqInsert(DboDataContext dbo, IIdentity user, object obj){ TableHistory hist = NewHistoryRecord(obj); hist.ActionType = "INSERT"; hist.ActionUserName = user.Name; hist.ActionDateTime = dbo.GetSystemDate(); dbo.TableHistories.InsertOnSubmit(hist);}private static TableHistory NewHistoryRecord(object obj){ TableHistory hist = new TableHistory(); Type type = obj.GetType(); PropertyInfo[] keys; if (historyRecordExceptions.ContainsKey(type)) { keys = historyRecordExceptions[type].ToArray(); } else { keys = type.GetProperties().Where(o => AttrIsPrimaryKey(o)).ToArray(); } if (keys.Length > KeyMax) throw new HistoryException("object has more than " + KeyMax.ToString() + " keys."); for (int i = 1; i <= keys.Length; i++) { typeof(TableHistory) .GetProperty("Key" + i.ToString()) .SetValue(hist, keys[i - 1].GetValue(obj, null).ToString(), null); } hist.TableName = type.Name; return hist;}protected static bool AttrIsPrimaryKey(PropertyInfo pi){ var attrs = from attr in pi.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ColumnAttribute), true) where ((ColumnAttribute)attr).IsPrimaryKey select attr; if (attrs != null && attrs.Count() > 0) return true; else return false;}RecordLinqInsert takes as input a data context which it will use to write to the database, the user, and the LINQ object to be recorded (a single object, for instance, a Customer or Order object if you're using AdventureWorks). It then calls the NewHistoryRecord method, which uses LINQ to Objects in conjunction with the AttrIsPrimaryKey method to pull all the primary key properties, set the Key1-KeyN properties of the TableHistory object, and return the new TableHistory object. The code would be called in an application, like so: Continue span.fullpost {display:none;}

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  • jump search algorithm

    - by davit-datuashvili
    i am doing jump search algorithm but it show me that element is not in array while it is here is code import java.math.*; public class jamp { public static int min(int a,int b){ return a } public static void main(String[]args){ int a[]=new int[]{3,7,9,12,14,15,16,17,18}; int l=14; System.out.println(jumpsearch(a,a.length,l)); } public static int jumpsearch(int a[],int n, int l ){ int t=0; int b=(int)Math.sqrt(n); while (a[min(b,n)-1]=n) return -1 ; } while (a[t] return -1 ; if ( a[t]==l) { return t; } } return -1; } } please help

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  • Drawing the call stack in a recursive method

    - by Shaza
    Hey, I want to draw the call stack for any recursive method, so I've created a schema like this, recursiveMethod(){ //Break recursion condition if(){ // Add value here to the return values' list- No drawing return } else{ //Draw stack with the value which will be pushed to the stack here variable <- recursiveMethod() //Clear the drawing which represents the poped value from the stack here return variable }} Notes: This schema can draw recursive methods with n recursive call by making the recursive calls in a separate return statements. returnValues list, is a list which save all the return values, just for viewing issues. What do you think of this? any suggestions are extremely welcomed.

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  • Review my ASP.NET Authentication code.

    - by Niels Bosma
    I have had some problems with authentication in ASP.NET. I'm not used most of the built in authentication in .NET. I gotten some complaints from users using Internet Explorer (any version - may affect other browsers as well) that the login process proceeds but when redirected they aren't authenticated and are bounced back to loginpage (pages that require authentication check if logged in and if not redirect back to loginpage). Can this be a cookie problem? Do I need to check if cookies are enabled by the user? What's the best way to build authentication if you have a custom member table and don't want to use ASP.NET login controls? Here my current code: using System; using System.Linq; using MyCompany; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using MyCompany.DAL; using MyCompany.Globalization; using MyCompany.DAL.Logs; using MyCompany.Logging; namespace MyCompany { public class Auth { public class AuthException : Exception { public int StatusCode = 0; public AuthException(string message, int statusCode) : base(message) { StatusCode = statusCode; } } public class EmptyEmailException : AuthException { public EmptyEmailException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_EMPTY_EMAIL, 6) { } } public class EmptyPasswordException : AuthException { public EmptyPasswordException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_EMPTY_PASSWORD, 7) { } } public class WrongEmailException : AuthException { public WrongEmailException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_WRONG_EMAIL, 2) { } } public class WrongPasswordException : AuthException { public WrongPasswordException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_WRONG_PASSWORD, 3) { } } public class InactiveAccountException : AuthException { public InactiveAccountException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_INACTIVE_ACCOUNT, 5) { } } public class EmailNotValidatedException : AuthException { public EmailNotValidatedException() : base(Language.RES_ERROR_LOGIN_CLIENT_EMAIL_NOT_VALIDATED, 4) { } } private readonly string CLIENT_KEY = "9A751E0D-816F-4A92-9185-559D38661F77"; private readonly string CLIENT_USER_KEY = "0CE2F700-1375-4B0F-8400-06A01CED2658"; public Client Client { get { if(!IsAuthenticated) return null; if(HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY]==null) { HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY] = ClientMethods.Get<Client>((Guid)ClientId); } return (Client)HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY]; } } public ClientUser ClientUser { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return null; if (HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY] == null) { HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY] = ClientUserMethods.GetByClientId((Guid)ClientId); } return (ClientUser)HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY]; } } public Boolean IsAuthenticated { get; set; } public Guid? ClientId { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return null; return (Guid)HttpContext.Current.Session["ClientId"]; } } public Guid? ClientUserId { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return null; return ClientUser.Id; } } public int ClientTypeId { get { if (!IsAuthenticated) return 0; return Client.ClientTypeId; } } public Auth() { if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated) { IsAuthenticated = true; } } public void RequireClientOfType(params int[] types) { if (!(IsAuthenticated && types.Contains(ClientTypeId))) { HttpContext.Current.Response.Redirect((new UrlFactory(false)).GetHomeUrl(), true); } } public void Logout() { Logout(true); } public void Logout(Boolean redirect) { FormsAuthentication.SignOut(); IsAuthenticated = false; HttpContext.Current.Session["ClientId"] = null; HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_KEY] = null; HttpContext.Current.Items[CLIENT_USER_KEY] = null; if(redirect) HttpContext.Current.Response.Redirect((new UrlFactory(false)).GetHomeUrl(), true); } public void Login(string email, string password, bool autoLogin) { Logout(false); email = email.Trim().ToLower(); password = password.Trim(); int status = 1; LoginAttemptLog log = new LoginAttemptLog { AutoLogin = autoLogin, Email = email, Password = password }; try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(email)) throw new EmptyEmailException(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(password)) throw new EmptyPasswordException(); ClientUser clientUser = ClientUserMethods.GetByEmailExcludingProspects(email); if (clientUser == null) throw new WrongEmailException(); if (!clientUser.Password.Equals(password)) throw new WrongPasswordException(); Client client = clientUser.Client; if (!(bool)client.PreRegCheck) throw new EmailNotValidatedException(); if (!(bool)client.Active || client.DeleteFlag.Equals("y")) throw new InactiveAccountException(); FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(client.Id.ToString(), true); HttpContext.Current.Session["ClientId"] = client.Id; log.KeyId = client.Id; log.KeyEntityId = ClientMethods.GetEntityId(client.ClientTypeId); } catch (AuthException ax) { status = ax.StatusCode; log.Success = status == 1; log.Status = status; } finally { LogRecorder.Record(log); } } } }

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  • ViewPager cycle between views?

    - by Erdem Azakli
    I want my ViewPager implementation to cycle between views instead of stopping at the last view. For example, if I have 3 views to display via a ViewPager, it should return back to the first View after the third View on fling instead of stopping at that third view. I want it to return to the first page/view when the user flings forward on the last page Thanks, Mypageradapter; package com.example.pictures; import android.content.Context; import android.media.AudioManager; import android.os.Parcelable; import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; public class MyPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter{ SoundManager snd; int sound1,sound2,sound3; boolean loaded = false; public int getCount() { return 6; } public Object instantiateItem(View collection, int position) { View view=null; LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) collection.getContext() .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); this.setVolumeControlStream(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC); int resId = 0; switch (position) { case 0: resId = R.layout.picture1; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 1: resId = R.layout.picture2; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 2: resId = R.layout.picture3; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 3: resId = R.layout.picture4; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 4: resId = R.layout.picture5; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 5: resId = R.layout.picture6; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; } ((ViewPager) collection).addView(view, 0); return view; } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Context getApplicationContext() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } private void setVolumeControlStream(int streamMusic) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Context getBaseContext() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private PagerAdapter findViewById(int myfivepanelpager) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } @Override public void destroyItem(View arg0, int arg1, Object arg2) { ((ViewPager) arg0).removeView((View) arg2); } @Override public boolean isViewFromObject(View arg0, Object arg1) { return arg0 == ((View) arg1); } @Override public Parcelable saveState() { return null; } public static Integer getItem(int position) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } } OnPageChangeListener; package com.example.pictures; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class Pictures extends Activity implements OnPageChangeListener{ SoundManager snd; int sound1,sound2,sound3; View view=null; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.picturespage); MyPagerAdapter adapter = new MyPagerAdapter(); ViewPager myPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.myfivepanelpager); myPager.setAdapter(adapter); myPager.setCurrentItem(0); myPager.setOnPageChangeListener(this); snd = new SoundManager(this); sound1 = snd.load(R.raw.sound1); sound2 = snd.load(R.raw.sound2); sound3 = snd.load(R.raw.sound3); } public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public void onPageScrolled(int arg0, float arg1, int arg2) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public void onPageSelected(int position) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (position) { case 0: snd.play(sound1); break; case 1: snd.play(sound2); break; case 2: snd.play(sound3); break; case 3: Toast.makeText(this, "1", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 4: Toast.makeText(this, "2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 5: Toast.makeText(this, "3", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } } };

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  • UITableview titleForHeaderInSection not displaying correctly

    - by mjdth
    I have some VERY simple code to return the title for a section header: - (NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section { if (section==0) { return @""; } else if (section==1) { return @"Actions"; } else if (section==2) { return @"Attached To"; } return @""; } For some reason when the headers are actually displayed on the simulator, half of the time they're simply the first letter and then ellipses. Scrolling up and down (to refresh the header view most likely) will result in the title showing correctly roughly half the time and showing incorrectly the other half of the time. Do anyone have any idea what could be causing this? I think this is more of a recent development, but it seems to happen in almost all UITableViews in my application. I don't want to say this is a 3.2 issue, but it might have started happening around then, but either way it must be related to the code somehow. Thank you.

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  • Compiler optimization of repeated accessor calls

    - by apocalypse9
    I've found recently that for some types of financial calculations that the following pattern is much easier to follow and test especially in situations where we may need to get numbers from various stages of the computation. public class nonsensical_calculator { ... double _rate; int _term; int _days; double monthlyRate { get { return _rate / 12; }} public double days { get { return (1 - i); }} double ar { get { return (1+ days) /(monthlyRate * days) double bleh { get { return Math.Pow(ar - days, _term) public double raar { get { return bleh * ar/2 * ar / days; }} .... } Obviously this often results in multiple calls to the same accessor within a given formula. I was curious as to whether or not the compiler is smart enough to optimize away these repeated calls with no intervening change in state, or whether this style is causing a decent performance hit. Further reading suggestions are always appreciated

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  • SSAO Distortion

    - by Robert Xu
    I'm currently (attempting) to add SSAO to my engine, except it's...not really work, to say the least. I use a deferred renderer to render my scene. I have four render targets: Albedo, Light, Normal, and Depth. Here are the parameters for all of them (Surface Format, Depth Format): Albedo: 32-bit ARGB, Depth24Stencil8 Light: 32-bit ARGB, None Normal: 32-bit ARGB, None Depth: 8-bit R (Single), Depth24Stencil8 To generate my random noise map for the SSAO, I do the following for each pixel in the noise map: Vector3 v3 = Vector3.Zero; double z = rand.NextDouble() * 2.0 - 1.0; double r = Math.Sqrt(1.0 - z * z); double angle = rand.NextDouble() * MathHelper.TwoPi; v3.X = (float)(r * Math.Cos(angle)); v3.Y = (float)(r * Math.Sin(angle)); v3.Z = (float)z; v3 += offset; v3 *= 0.5f; result[i] = new Color(v3); This is my GBuffer rendering effect: PixelInput RenderGBufferColorVertexShader(VertexInput input) { PixelInput pi = ( PixelInput ) 0; pi.Position = mul(input.Position, WorldViewProjection); pi.Normal = mul(input.Normal, WorldInverseTranspose); pi.Color = input.Color; pi.TPosition = pi.Position; pi.WPosition = input.Position; return pi; } GBufferTarget RenderGBufferColorPixelShader(PixelInput input) { GBufferTarget output = ( GBufferTarget ) 0; float3 position = input.TPosition.xyz / input.TPosition.w; output.Albedo = lerp(float4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f), input.Color, ColorFactor); output.Normal = EncodeNormal(input.Normal); output.Depth = position.z; return output; } And here is the SSAO effect: float4 EncodeNormal(float3 normal) { return float4((normal.xyz * 0.5f) + 0.5f, 0.0f); } float3 DecodeNormal(float4 encoded) { return encoded * 2.0 - 1.0f; } float Intensity; float Size; float2 NoiseOffset; float4x4 ViewProjection; float4x4 ViewProjectionInverse; texture DepthMap; texture NormalMap; texture RandomMap; const float3 samples[16] = { float3(0.01537562, 0.01389096, 0.02276565), float3(-0.0332658, -0.2151698, -0.0660736), float3(-0.06420016, -0.1919067, 0.5329634), float3(-0.05896204, -0.04509097, -0.03611697), float3(-0.1302175, 0.01034653, 0.01543675), float3(0.3168565, -0.182557, -0.01421785), float3(-0.02134448, -0.1056605, 0.00576055), float3(-0.3502164, 0.281433, -0.2245609), float3(-0.00123525, 0.00151868, 0.02614773), float3(0.1814744, 0.05798516, -0.02362876), float3(0.07945167, -0.08302628, 0.4423518), float3(0.321987, -0.05670302, -0.05418307), float3(-0.00165138, -0.00410309, 0.00537362), float3(0.01687791, 0.03189049, -0.04060405), float3(-0.04335613, -0.00530749, 0.06443053), float3(0.8474263, -0.3590308, -0.02318038), }; sampler DepthSampler = sampler_state { Texture = DepthMap; MipFilter = Point; MinFilter = Point; MagFilter = Point; AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; AddressW = Clamp; }; sampler NormalSampler = sampler_state { Texture = NormalMap; MipFilter = Linear; MinFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; AddressW = Clamp; }; sampler RandomSampler = sampler_state { Texture = RandomMap; MipFilter = Linear; MinFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; }; struct VertexInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0; }; struct PixelInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TextureCoordinates : TEXCOORD0; }; PixelInput SSAOVertexShader(VertexInput input) { PixelInput pi = ( PixelInput ) 0; pi.Position = input.Position; pi.TextureCoordinates = input.TextureCoordinates; return pi; } float3 GetXYZ(float2 uv) { float depth = tex2D(DepthSampler, uv); float2 xy = uv * 2.0f - 1.0f; xy.y *= -1; float4 p = float4(xy, depth, 1); float4 q = mul(p, ViewProjectionInverse); return q.xyz / q.w; } float3 GetNormal(float2 uv) { return DecodeNormal(tex2D(NormalSampler, uv)); } float4 SSAOPixelShader(PixelInput input) : COLOR0 { float depth = tex2D(DepthSampler, input.TextureCoordinates); float3 position = GetXYZ(input.TextureCoordinates); float3 normal = GetNormal(input.TextureCoordinates); float occlusion = 1.0f; float3 reflectionRay = DecodeNormal(tex2D(RandomSampler, input.TextureCoordinates + NoiseOffset)); for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { float3 sampleXYZ = position + reflect(samples[i], reflectionRay) * Size; float4 screenXYZW = mul(float4(sampleXYZ, 1.0f), ViewProjection); float3 screenXYZ = screenXYZW.xyz / screenXYZW.w; float2 sampleUV = float2(screenXYZ.x * 0.5f + 0.5f, 1.0f - (screenXYZ.y * 0.5f + 0.5f)); float frontMostDepthAtSample = tex2D(DepthSampler, sampleUV); if (frontMostDepthAtSample < screenXYZ.z) { occlusion -= 1.0f / 16.0f; } } return float4(occlusion * Intensity * float3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0), 1.0); } technique SSAO { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 SSAOVertexShader(); PixelShader = compile ps_3_0 SSAOPixelShader(); } } However, when I use the effect, I get some pretty bad distortion: Here's the light map that goes with it -- is the static-like effect supposed to be like that? I've noticed that even if I'm looking at nothing, I still get the static-like effect. (you can see it in the screenshot; the top half doesn't have any geometry yet it still has the static-like effect) Also, does anyone have any advice on how to effectively debug shaders?

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  • Android - Create a custom multi-line ListView bound to an ArrayList

    - by Bill Osuch
    The Android HelloListView tutorial shows how to bind a ListView to an array of string objects, but you'll probably outgrow that pretty quickly. This post will show you how to bind the ListView to an ArrayList of custom objects, as well as create a multi-line ListView. Let's say you have some sort of search functionality that returns a list of people, along with addresses and phone numbers. We're going to display that data in three formatted lines for each result, and make it clickable. First, create your new Android project, and create two layout files. Main.xml will probably already be created by default, so paste this in: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  android:orientation="vertical"  android:layout_width="fill_parent"   android:layout_height="fill_parent">  <TextView   android:layout_height="wrap_content"   android:text="Custom ListView Contents"   android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"   android:layout_width="fill_parent" />   <ListView    android:id="@+id/ListView01"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"/> </LinearLayout> Next, create a layout file called custom_row_view.xml. This layout will be the template for each individual row in the ListView. You can use pretty much any type of layout - Relative, Table, etc., but for this we'll just use Linear: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  android:orientation="vertical"  android:layout_width="fill_parent"   android:layout_height="fill_parent">   <TextView android:id="@+id/name"   android:textSize="14sp"   android:textStyle="bold"   android:textColor="#FFFF00"   android:layout_width="wrap_content"   android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>  <TextView android:id="@+id/cityState"   android:layout_width="wrap_content"   android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>  <TextView android:id="@+id/phone"   android:layout_width="wrap_content"   android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> </LinearLayout> Now, add an object called SearchResults. Paste this code in: public class SearchResults {  private String name = "";  private String cityState = "";  private String phone = "";  public void setName(String name) {   this.name = name;  }  public String getName() {   return name;  }  public void setCityState(String cityState) {   this.cityState = cityState;  }  public String getCityState() {   return cityState;  }  public void setPhone(String phone) {   this.phone = phone;  }  public String getPhone() {   return phone;  } } This is the class that we'll be filling with our data, and loading into an ArrayList. Next, you'll need a custom adapter. This one just extends the BaseAdapter, but you could extend the ArrayAdapter if you prefer. public class MyCustomBaseAdapter extends BaseAdapter {  private static ArrayList<SearchResults> searchArrayList;    private LayoutInflater mInflater;  public MyCustomBaseAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<SearchResults> results) {   searchArrayList = results;   mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);  }  public int getCount() {   return searchArrayList.size();  }  public Object getItem(int position) {   return searchArrayList.get(position);  }  public long getItemId(int position) {   return position;  }  public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {   ViewHolder holder;   if (convertView == null) {    convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_row_view, null);    holder = new ViewHolder();    holder.txtName = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.name);    holder.txtCityState = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.cityState);    holder.txtPhone = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.phone);    convertView.setTag(holder);   } else {    holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();   }      holder.txtName.setText(searchArrayList.get(position).getName());   holder.txtCityState.setText(searchArrayList.get(position).getCityState());   holder.txtPhone.setText(searchArrayList.get(position).getPhone());   return convertView;  }  static class ViewHolder {   TextView txtName;   TextView txtCityState;   TextView txtPhone;  } } (This is basically the same as the List14.java API demo) Finally, we'll wire it all up in the main class file: public class CustomListView extends Activity {     @Override     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.main);                 ArrayList<SearchResults> searchResults = GetSearchResults();                 final ListView lv1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.ListView01);         lv1.setAdapter(new MyCustomBaseAdapter(this, searchResults));                 lv1.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {          @Override          public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> a, View v, int position, long id) {           Object o = lv1.getItemAtPosition(position);           SearchResults fullObject = (SearchResults)o;           Toast.makeText(ListViewBlogPost.this, "You have chosen: " + " " + fullObject.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();          }          });     }         private ArrayList<SearchResults> GetSearchResults(){      ArrayList<SearchResults> results = new ArrayList<SearchResults>();            SearchResults sr1 = new SearchResults();      sr1.setName("John Smith");      sr1.setCityState("Dallas, TX");      sr1.setPhone("214-555-1234");      results.add(sr1);            sr1 = new SearchResults();      sr1.setName("Jane Doe");      sr1.setCityState("Atlanta, GA");      sr1.setPhone("469-555-2587");      results.add(sr1);            sr1 = new SearchResults();      sr1.setName("Steve Young");      sr1.setCityState("Miami, FL");      sr1.setPhone("305-555-7895");      results.add(sr1);            sr1 = new SearchResults();      sr1.setName("Fred Jones");      sr1.setCityState("Las Vegas, NV");      sr1.setPhone("612-555-8214");      results.add(sr1);            return results;     } } Notice that we first get an ArrayList of SearchResults objects (normally this would be from an external data source...), pass it to the custom adapter, then set up a click listener. The listener gets the item that was clicked, converts it back to a SearchResults object, and does whatever it needs to do. Fire it up in the emulator, and you should wind up with something like this:

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  • How would this code be refactored to use jQuery?

    - by C.W.Holeman II
    How would this code be refactored to use jQuery? var lu = function luf(aPrefix){ switch (aPrefix){ case 'xhtml': return 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'; case 'math': return 'http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML'; case 'svg': return 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'; case 'emleo': return 'http://emle.sf.net/emle020000/emleo'; } return ''; }; function emleProcessOnLoad(aThis) { var result = document.evaluate("//xhtml:span[@class='emleOnLoad']", aThis.document, lu, XPathResult.UNORDERED_NODE_SNAPSHOT_TYPE, null); for (var jj=0; jj<result.snapshotLength; jj++){ var emleOnLoad = result.snapshotItem(jj).textContent; eval("var emleThis=result.snapshotItem(jj);" + emleOnLoad); } }

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  • How to use Django's filesizeformat

    - by Scott LaPlant
    I have a small app I'm working on where I'm trying to use Django's built in filesizeformat. Currently, the format looks like this: {{ value|filesizeformat }} I understand I need to define this in my view.py file but, I can't seem to figure out how to do that. I've tried to use the syntax below: def filesizeformat(bytes): """ Formats the value like a 'human-readable' file size (i.e. 13 KB, 4.1 MB, 102 bytes, etc). """ try: bytes = float(bytes) except (TypeError,ValueError,UnicodeDecodeError): return u"0 bytes" if bytes < 1024: return ungettext("%(size)d byte", "%(size)d bytes", bytes) % {'size': bytes} if bytes < 1024 * 1024: return ugettext("%.1f KB") % (bytes / 1024) if bytes < 1024 * 1024 * 1024: return ugettext("%.1f MB") % (bytes / (1024 * 1024)) return ugettext("%.1f GB") % (bytes / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)) filesizeformat.is_safe = True I've then replaced 'value' with 'bytes' in the template but, this does not seem to work. Any suggestions?

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  • rails override default getter for a relationship (belongs_to)

    - by brad
    So I know how to override the default getters for attributes of an ActiveRecord object using def custom_getter return self[:custom_getter] || some_default_value end I'm trying to achieve the same thing however for a belongs to association. For instance. class Foo < AR belongs_to :bar def bar return self[:bar] || Bar.last end end class Bar < AR has_one :foo end When I say: f = Foo.last I'd like to have the method f.bar return the last Bar, rather than nil if that association doesn't exist yet. This doesn't work however. The reason is that self[:bar] is always undefined. It's actually self[:bar_id]. I can do something naive like: def bar if self[:bar_id] return Bar.find(self[:bar_id]) else return Bar.last end end However this will always make a db call, even if Bar has already been fetched, which is certainly not ideal. Does anyone have an insight as to how I might have a relationship such that the belongs_to attribute is only loaded once and has a default value if not set.

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  • Functions as pointers in Objective-C

    - by richman0829
    This is a question from Learn Objective-C on the Mac... Functions as pointers What I typed in, as per the recipe, was: NSString *boolString (BOOL yesNo) { if (yesNo) { return (@"YES"); } else { return (@"NO"); } } // boolString The pointer asterisk in the first line doesn't seem necessary, yet deleting it results in an error message. But what does it do? In NSString * boolString (yesNo); what seems to be going on is a function is defined as a pointer to an NSString. The function without the asterisk NSLog (@"are %d and %d different? %@", 5, 5, boolString(areTheyDifferent)); returns an NSString of YES or NO. But how can it return an NSString when it's a pointer? It might return the ADDRESS of an NSString; or if dereferenced it could return the CONTENTS of that address (an NSString such as YES or NO). Yet I see no place where it is dereferenced.

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