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  • Why do properties require explicit typing during compilation?

    - by ctpenrose
    Compilation using property syntax requires the type of the receiver to be known at compile time. I may not understand something, but this seems like a broken or incomplete compiler implementation considering that Objective-C is a dynamic language. The property "comment" is defined with: @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *comment; and synthesized with: @synthesize comment; "document" is an instance of one of several classes which conform to: @protocol DocumentComment <NSObject> @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *comment; @end and is simply declared as: id document; When using the following property syntax: stringObject = document.comment; the following error is generated by gcc: error: request for member 'comment' in something not a structure or union However, the following equivalent receiver-method syntax, compiles without warning or error and works fine, as expected, at run-time: stringObject = [document comment]; I don't understand why properties require the type of the receiver to be known at compile time. Is there something I am missing? I simply use the latter syntax to avoid the error in situations where the receiving object has a dynamic type. Properties seem half-baked.

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  • Cakephp Function in mode not executing

    - by Rixius
    I have a function in my Comic Model as such: <?php class Comic extends AppModel { var $name = "Comic"; // Methods for retriving information. function testFunc(){ $mr = $this->find('all'); return $mr; } } ?> And I am calling it in my controller as such: <?php class ComicController extends AppController { var $name = "Comic"; var $uses = array('Comic'); function index() { } function view($q) { $this->set('array',$this->Comic->testFunc()); } } ?> When I try to load up the page; I get the following error: Warning (512): SQL Error: 1064: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'testFunc' at line 1 [CORE/cake/libs/model/datasources/dbo_source.php, line 525] Query: testFunc And the SQL dump looks like this: (default) 2 queries took 1 ms Nr Query Error Affected Num. rows Took (ms) 1 DESCRIBE comics 10 10 1 2 testFunc 1064: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'testFunc' at line 1 0 So it looks like, instead of running the testFunc() function, it is trying to run a query of "testFunc" and failing...

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  • Asterisk: Dropping calls with an "ast_yyerror"

    - by Nick
    I'm having an issue where asterisk will play our greeting to the caller, and then drop the call instead of making our phones ring. The bit of information I could find said it was caused by an error in evaluating a dialplan expression. I'm thinking it's this line: exten = START,n,GotoIf($[${FORCE_CLOSED}=TRUE]?CLOSED,1) But I'm not sure what's wrong with it. I see the following error on the console: [Apr 4 16:29:49] WARNING[27038]: ast_expr2.fl:459 ast_yyerror: ast_yyerror(): syntax error: syntax error, unexpected '=', expecting $end; Input:=TRUE^ Surrounding Console output: -- Executing [START@AGInbound:1] Answer("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:2] BackGround("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", 0000_AG_THANK_YOU_FOR_CALLING_AG") in new stack -- Playing '0000_AG_THANK_YOU_FOR_CALLING_AG.slin' (language 'en') [Apr 4 16:29:49] WARNING[27038]: ast_expr2.fl:459 ast_yyerror: ast_yyerror(): syntax error: syntax error, unexpected '=', expecting $end; Input: =TRUE ^ [Apr 4 16:29:49] WARNING[27038]: ast_expr2.fl:463 ast_yyerror: If you have questions, please refer to doc/tex/channelvariables.tex in the asterisk source. -- Executing [START@AGInbound:3] GotoIf("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "?CLOSED,1") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:4] GotoIfTime("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "9:30-17:0|mon-fri|*|*?OPEN,1") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:5] GotoIfTime("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "10:0-18:30|sat|*|*?OPEN,1") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:6] GotoIfTime("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "12:0-17:0|sun|*|*?OPEN,1") in new stack Relevant lines from the dial plan: exten = START,1,Answer() exten = START,n,Background(0000_AG_THANK_YOU_FOR_CALLING_AG) ; See if we're open ; Force Closed if no one's going to be answering exten = START,n,GotoIf($[${FORCE_CLOSED}=TRUE]?CLOSED,1) exten = START,n,GotoIfTime(${AG_WEEKDAY_OPEN_HOUR}:${AG_WEEKDAY_OPEN_MIN}-${AG$ exten = START,n,GotoIfTime(${AG_SATURDAY_OPEN_HOUR}:${AG_SATURDAY_OPEN_MIN}-${$ exten = START,n,GotoIfTime(${AG_SUNDAY_OPEN_HOUR}:${AG_SUNDAY_OPEN_MIN}-${AG_S$ ; ...and we're not. But maybe the time of day has been overridden? exten = START,n,GotoIf($[${OVERRIDE_TIME_OF_DAY}=TRUE]?OPEN,1) ; No override... We're definatly closed. exten = START,n,Goto(CLOSED,1)

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  • insert Query is not executing, help me in tracking the problem

    - by Parth
    I tried the below query but it didnt executed giving error as : 1064 - You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ')' at line 1 INSERT INTO `jos_menu` SET params = 'orderby= show_noauth= show_title= link_titles= show_intro= show_section= link_section= show_category= link_category= show_author= show_create_date= show_modify_date= show_item_navigation= show_readmore= show_vote= show_icons= show_pdf_icon= show_print_icon= show_email_icon= show_hits= feed_summary= page_title= show_page_title=1 pageclass_sfx= menu_image=-1 secure=0 ', checked_out_time = '0000-00-00 00:00:00', ordering = '13', componentid = '20', published = '1', id = '152', menutype = 'accmenu', name = 'IPL', alias = 'ipl', link = 'index.php?option=com_content&view=archive', type = 'component') then i used mysql_real_escape_string() on the query containing variable which gives me the query as : INSERT INTO `jos_menu` SET params = \'orderby=\nshow_noauth=\nshow_title=\nlink_titles=\nshow_intro=\nshow_section=\nlink_section=\nshow_category=\nlink_category=\nshow_author=\nshow_create_date=\nshow_modify_date=\nshow_item_navigation=\nshow_readmore=\nshow_vote=\nshow_icons=\nshow_pdf_icon=\nshow_print_icon=\nshow_email_icon=\nshow_hits=\nfeed_summary=\npage_title=\nshow_page_title=1\npageclass_sfx=\nmenu_image=-1\nsecure=0\n\n\', checked_out_time = \'0000-00-00 00:00:00\', ordering = \'13\', componentid = \'20\', published = \'1\', id = \'152\', menutype = \'accmenu\', name = \'IPL\', alias = \'ipl\', link = \'index.php?option=com_content&view=archive\', type = \'component\') And on executing the above query I get an error as : 1064 - You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '\'orderby=\nshow_noauth=\nshow_title=\nlink_titles=\nshow_intro=\nshow_section=\' at line 1 Can Someone guide me to track the problem in it? Thanks In Advance....

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  • MySQL DDL error creating tables

    - by Alexandstein
    I am attempting to create tables for a MySQL database, but I am having some syntactical issues. It would seem that syntax checking is behaving differently between tables for some reason. While I've gotten all the other tables to go through, the table, 'stock' doesn't seem to be working, despite seeming to use the same syntax patterns. CREATE TABLE users ( user_id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, username VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, password CHAR(41) NOT NULL, date_joined DATETIME NOT NULL, funds DOUBLE UNSIGNED NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(user_id), UNIQUE KEY(username) ); CREATE TABLE owned_stocks ( id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, user_id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, paid_price DOUBLE UNSIGNED NOT NULL, quantity MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, purchase_date DATETIME NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id) ); CREATE TABLE tracking_stocks ( ticker VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL, user_id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(ticker) ); CREATE TABLE stocks ( ticker VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL, last DOUBLE UNSIGNED NOT NULL, high DOUBLE UNSIGNED NOT NULL, low DOUBLE UNSIGNED NOT NULL, company_name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, last_updated INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, change DOUBLE NOT NULL, percent_change DOUBLE NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(ticker) ); Am I just missing a really obvious syntactical issue? ERROR: #1064 - You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'change DOUBLE NOT NULL, percent_change DOUBLE NOT NULL, last DOUBLE' at line 4

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  • Highlighting correctly in an emacs major mode

    - by Paul Nathan
    Hi, I am developing an emacs major mode for a language (aka mydsl). However, using the techniques on xahlee's site doesn't seem to be working for some reason (possibly older emacs dialect..) The key issues I am fighting with are (1) highlighting comments is not working and (2), the use of regexp-opt lines is not working. I've reviewed the GNU manual and looked over cc-mode and elisp mode... those are significantly more complicated than I need. ;;;Standard # to newline comment ;;;Eventually should also have %% to %% multiline block comments (defun mydsl-comment-dwim (arg) "comment or uncomment" (interactive "*P") (require 'newcomment) (let ((deactivate-mark nil) (comment-start "#") (comment-end "") comment-dwim arg))) (defvar mydsl-events '("reservedword1" "reservedword2")) (defvar mydsl-keywords '("other-keyword" "another-keyword")) ;;Highlight various elements (setq mydsl-hilite '( ; stuff between " ("\"\\.\\*\\?" . font-lock-string-face) ; : , ; { } => @ $ = are all special elements (":\\|,\\|;\\|{\\|}\\|=>\\|@\\|$\\|=" . font-lock-keyword-face) ( ,(regexp-opt mydsl-keywords 'words) . font-lock-builtin-face) ( ,(regexp-opt mydsl-events 'words) . font-lock-constant-face) )) (defvar mydsl-tab-width nil "Width of a tab for MYDSL mode") (define-derived-mode mydsl-mode fundamental-mode "MYDSL mode is a major mode for editing MYDSL files" ;Recommended by manual (kill-all-local-variables) (setq mode-name "MYDSL script") (setq font-lock-defaults '((mydsl-hilite))) (if (null mydsl-tab-width) (setq tab-width mydsl-tab-width) (setq tab-width default-tab-width) ) ;Comment definitions (define-key mydsl-mode-map [remap comment-dwim] 'mydsl-comment-dwim) (modify-syntax-entry ?# "< b" mydsl-mode-syntax-table) (modify-syntax-entry ?\n "> b" mydsl-mode-syntax-table) ;;A gnu-correct program will have some sort of hook call here. ) (provide 'mydsl-mode)

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  • Error in VC++ for code that looks perfectly good C++?

    - by Ram Bhat
    Hey guys. Check out this piece of sample code. #include "stdafx.h" #include<conio.h> #include<string.h> class person{ private char name[20]; private int age; public void setValues(char n[],int a) { strcpy(this->name,n); this->age=a; } public void display() { printf("\nName = %s",name); printf("\nAge = %d",age); } }; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { person p; p.setValues("ram",20); p.display(); getch(); return 0; } I am getting the following errors : 1------ Build started: Project: first, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------ 1 first.cpp 1c:\documents and settings\dark wraith\my documents\visual studio 2010\projects\first\first\first.cpp(9): error C2144: syntax error : 'char' should be preceded by ':' 1c:\documents and settings\dark wraith\my documents\visual studio 2010\projects\first\first\first.cpp(10): error C2144: syntax error : 'int' should be preceded by ':' 1c:\documents and settings\dark wraith\my documents\visual studio 2010\projects\first\first\first.cpp(12): error C2144: syntax error : 'void' should be preceded by ':' 1c:\documents and settings\dark wraith\my documents\visual studio 2010\projects\first\first\first.cpp(17): error C2144: syntax error : 'void' should be preceded by ':' ========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

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  • entering datas of php page to database

    - by Rahima farzana.S
    I have a php form with two text boxes and i want to enter the text box values into the database. I have created the table (with two columns namely webmeasurementsuite id and webmeasurements id) I used the following syntax for creating table: CREATE TABLE `radio` ( `webmeasurementsuite id` INT NOT NULL, `webmeasurements id` INT NOT NULL ); Utilising the tutorial in the following link, I wrote the php coding but unfortunately the datas are not getting entered into the database. I am getting an error in the insert sql syntax. I checked it but i am not able to trace out the error.Can anyone correct me? I got the coding from http://www.webune.com/forums/php-how-to-enter-data-into-database-with-php-scripts.html $sql = "INSERT INTO $db_table(webmeasurementsuite id,webmeasurements id) values ('".mysql_real_escape_string(stripslashes($_REQUEST['webmeasurementsuite id']))."','".mysql_real_escape_string(stripslashes($_REQUEST['webmeasurements id']))."')"; echo$sql; My error is as follows: INSERT INTO radio(webmeasurementsuite id,webmeasurements id) values ('','')ERROR: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'id,webmeasurements id) values ('','')' at line 1

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  • The dynamic Type in C# Simplifies COM Member Access from Visual FoxPro

    - by Rick Strahl
    I’ve written quite a bit about Visual FoxPro interoperating with .NET in the past both for ASP.NET interacting with Visual FoxPro COM objects as well as Visual FoxPro calling into .NET code via COM Interop. COM Interop with Visual FoxPro has a number of problems but one of them at least got a lot easier with the introduction of dynamic type support in .NET. One of the biggest problems with COM interop has been that it’s been really difficult to pass dynamic objects from FoxPro to .NET and get them properly typed. The only way that any strong typing can occur in .NET for FoxPro components is via COM type library exports of Visual FoxPro components. Due to limitations in Visual FoxPro’s type library support as well as the dynamic nature of the Visual FoxPro language where few things are or can be described in the form of a COM type library, a lot of useful interaction between FoxPro and .NET required the use of messy Reflection code in .NET. Reflection is .NET’s base interface to runtime type discovery and dynamic execution of code without requiring strong typing. In FoxPro terms it’s similar to EVALUATE() functionality albeit with a much more complex API and corresponiding syntax. The Reflection APIs are fairly powerful, but they are rather awkward to use and require a lot of code. Even with the creation of wrapper utility classes for common EVAL() style Reflection functionality dynamically access COM objects passed to .NET often is pretty tedious and ugly. Let’s look at a simple example. In the following code I use some FoxPro code to dynamically create an object in code and then pass this object to .NET. An alternative to this might also be to create a new object on the fly by using SCATTER NAME on a database record. How the object is created is inconsequential, other than the fact that it’s not defined as a COM object – it’s a pure FoxPro object that is passed to .NET. Here’s the code: *** Create .NET COM InstanceloNet = CREATEOBJECT('DotNetCom.DotNetComPublisher') *** Create a Customer Object Instance (factory method) loCustomer = GetCustomer() loCustomer.Name = "Rick Strahl" loCustomer.Company = "West Wind Technologies" loCustomer.creditLimit = 9999999999.99 loCustomer.Address.StreetAddress = "32 Kaiea Place" loCustomer.Address.Phone = "808 579-8342" loCustomer.Address.Email = "[email protected]" *** Pass Fox Object and echo back values ? loNet.PassRecordObject(loObject) RETURN FUNCTION GetCustomer LOCAL loCustomer, loAddress loCustomer = CREATEOBJECT("EMPTY") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Name","") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Company","") ADDPROPERTY(loCUstomer,"CreditLimit",0.00) ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Entered",DATETIME()) loAddress = CREATEOBJECT("Empty") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"StreetAddress","") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"Phone","") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"Email","") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Address",loAddress) RETURN loCustomer ENDFUNC Now prior to .NET 4.0 you’d have to access this object passed to .NET via Reflection and the method code to do this would looks something like this in the .NET component: public string PassRecordObject(object FoxObject) { // *** using raw Reflection string Company = (string) FoxObject.GetType().InvokeMember( "Company", BindingFlags.GetProperty,null, FoxObject,null); // using the easier ComUtils wrappers string Name = (string) ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"Name"); // Getting Address object – then getting child properties object Address = ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"Address");    string Street = (string) ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"StreetAddress"); // using ComUtils 'Ex' functions you can use . Syntax     string StreetAddress = (string) ComUtils.GetPropertyEx(FoxObject,"AddressStreetAddress"); return Name + Environment.NewLine + Company + Environment.NewLine + StreetAddress + Environment.NewLine + " FOX"; } Note that the FoxObject is passed in as type object which has no specific type. Since the object doesn’t exist in .NET as a type signature the object is passed without any specific type information as plain non-descript object. To retrieve a property the Reflection APIs like Type.InvokeMember or Type.GetProperty().GetValue() etc. need to be used. I made this code a little simpler by using the Reflection Wrappers I mentioned earlier but even with those ComUtils calls the code is pretty ugly requiring passing the objects for each call and casting each element. Using .NET 4.0 Dynamic Typing makes this Code a lot cleaner Enter .NET 4.0 and the dynamic type. Replacing the input parameter to the .NET method from type object to dynamic makes the code to access the FoxPro component inside of .NET much more natural: public string PassRecordObjectDynamic(dynamic FoxObject) { // *** using raw Reflection string Company = FoxObject.Company; // *** using the easier ComUtils class string Name = FoxObject.Name; // *** using ComUtils 'ex' functions to use . Syntax string Address = FoxObject.Address.StreetAddress; return Name + Environment.NewLine + Company + Environment.NewLine + Address + Environment.NewLine + " FOX"; } As you can see the parameter is of type dynamic which as the name implies performs Reflection lookups and evaluation on the fly so all the Reflection code in the last example goes away. The code can use regular object ‘.’ syntax to reference each of the members of the object. You can access properties and call methods this way using natural object language. Also note that all the type casts that were required in the Reflection code go away – dynamic types like var can infer the type to cast to based on the target assignment. As long as the type can be inferred by the compiler at compile time (ie. the left side of the expression is strongly typed) no explicit casts are required. Note that although you get to use plain object syntax in the code above you don’t get Intellisense in Visual Studio because the type is dynamic and thus has no hard type definition in .NET . The above example calls a .NET Component from VFP, but it also works the other way around. Another frequent scenario is an .NET code calling into a FoxPro COM object that returns a dynamic result. Assume you have a FoxPro COM object returns a FoxPro Cursor Record as an object: DEFINE CLASS FoxData AS SESSION OlePublic cAppStartPath = "" FUNCTION INIT THIS.cAppStartPath = ADDBS( JustPath(Application.ServerName) ) SET PATH TO ( THIS.cAppStartpath ) ENDFUNC FUNCTION GetRecord(lnPk) LOCAL loCustomer SELECT * FROM tt_Cust WHERE pk = lnPk ; INTO CURSOR TCustomer IF _TALLY < 1 RETURN NULL ENDIF SCATTER NAME loCustomer MEMO RETURN loCustomer ENDFUNC ENDDEFINE If you call this from a .NET application you can now retrieve this data via COM Interop and cast the result as dynamic to simplify the data access of the dynamic FoxPro type that was created on the fly: int pk = 0; int.TryParse(Request.QueryString["id"],out pk); // Create Fox COM Object with Com Callable Wrapper FoxData foxData = new FoxData(); dynamic foxRecord = foxData.GetRecord(pk); string company = foxRecord.Company; DateTime entered = foxRecord.Entered; This code looks simple and natural as it should be – heck you could write code like this in days long gone by in scripting languages like ASP classic for example. Compared to the Reflection code that previously was necessary to run similar code this is much easier to write, understand and maintain. For COM interop and Visual FoxPro operation dynamic type support in .NET 4.0 is a huge improvement and certainly makes it much easier to deal with FoxPro code that calls into .NET. Regardless of whether you’re using COM for calling Visual FoxPro objects from .NET (ASP.NET calling a COM component and getting a dynamic result returned) or whether FoxPro code is calling into a .NET COM component from a FoxPro desktop application. At one point or another FoxPro likely ends up passing complex dynamic data to .NET and for this the dynamic typing makes coding much cleaner and more readable without having to create custom Reflection wrappers. As a bonus the dynamic runtime that underlies the dynamic type is fairly efficient in terms of making Reflection calls especially if members are repeatedly accessed. © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in COM  FoxPro  .NET  CSharp  

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  • The last MVVM you'll ever need?

    - by Nuri Halperin
    As my MVC projects mature and grow, the need to have some omnipresent, ambient model properties quickly emerge. The application no longer has only one dynamic pieced of data on the page: A sidebar with a shopping cart, some news flash on the side – pretty common stuff. The rub is that a controller is invoked in context of a single intended request. The rest of the data, even though it could be just as dynamic, is expected to appear on it's own. There are many solutions to this scenario. MVVM prescribes creating elaborate objects which expose your new data as a property on some uber-object with more properties exposing the "side show" ambient data. The reason I don't love this approach is because it forces fairly acute awareness of the view, and soon enough you have many MVVM objects laying around, and views have to start doing null-checks in order to ensure you really supplied all the values before binding to them. Ick. Just as unattractive is the ViewData dictionary. It's not strongly typed, and in both this and the MVVM approach someone has to populate these properties – n'est pas? Where does that live? With MVC2, we get the formerly-futures  feature Html.RenderAction(). The feature allows you plant a line in a view, of the format: <% Html.RenderAction("SessionInterest", "Session"); %> While this syntax looks very clean, I can't help being bothered by it. MVC was touting a very strong separation of concerns, the Model taking on the role of the business logic, the controller handling route and performing minimal view-choosing operations and the views strictly focused on rendering out angled-bracket tags. The RenderAction() syntax has the view calling some controller and invoking it inline with it's runtime rendering. This – to my taste – embeds too much  knowledge of controllers into the view's code – which was allegedly forbidden.  The one way flow "Controller Receive Data –> Controller invoke Model –> Controller select view –> Controller Hand data to view" now gets a "View calls controller and gets it's own data" which is not so one-way anymore. Ick. I toyed with some other solutions a bit, including some base controllers, special view classes etc. My current favorite though is making use of the ExpandoObject and dynamic features with C# 4.0. If you follow Phil Haack or read a bit from David Heyden you can see the general picture emerging. The game changer is that using the new dynamic syntax, one can sprout properties on an object and make use of them in the view. Well that beats having a bunch of uni-purpose MVVM's any day! Rather than statically exposed properties, we'll just use the capability of adding members at runtime. Armed with new ideas and syntax, I went to work: First, I created a factory method to enrich the focuse object: public static class ModelExtension { public static dynamic Decorate(this Controller controller, object mainValue) { dynamic result = new ExpandoObject(); result.Value = mainValue; result.SessionInterest = CodeCampBL.SessoinInterest(); result.TagUsage = CodeCampBL.TagUsage(); return result; } } This gives me a nice fluent way to have the controller add the rest of the ambient "side show" items (SessionInterest, TagUsage in this demo) and expose them all as the Model: public ActionResult Index() { var data = SyndicationBL.Refresh(TWEET_SOURCE_URL); dynamic result = this.Decorate(data); return View(result); } So now what remains is that my view knows to expect a dynamic object (rather than statically typed) so that the ASP.NET page compiler won't barf: <%@ Page Language="C#" Title="Ambient Demo" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Ambient.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<dynamic>" %> Notice the generic ViewPage<dynamic>. It doesn't work otherwise. In the page itself, Model.Value property contains the main data returned from the controller. The nice thing about this, is that the master page (Ambient.Master) also inherits from the generic ViewMasterPage<dynamic>. So rather than the page worrying about all this ambient stuff, the side bars and panels for ambient data all reside in a master page, and can be rendered using the RenderPartial() syntax: <% Html.RenderPartial("TagCloud", Model.SessionInterest as Dictionary<string, int>); %> Note here that a cast is necessary. This is because although dynamic is magic, it can't figure out what type this property is, and wants you to give it a type so its binder can figure out the right property to bind to at runtime. I use as, you can cast if you like. So there we go – no violation of MVC, no explosion of MVVM models and voila – right? Well, I could not let this go without a tweak or two more. The first thing to improve, is that some views may not need all the properties. In that case, it would be a waste of resources to populate every property. The solution to this is simple: rather than exposing properties, I change d the factory method to expose lambdas - Func<T> really. So only if and when a view accesses a member of the dynamic object does it load the data. public static class ModelExtension { // take two.. lazy loading! public static dynamic LazyDecorate(this Controller c, object mainValue) { dynamic result = new ExpandoObject(); result.Value = mainValue; result.SessionInterest = new Func<Dictionary<string, int>>(() => CodeCampBL.SessoinInterest()); result.TagUsage = new Func<Dictionary<string, int>>(() => CodeCampBL.TagUsage()); return result; } } Now that lazy loading is in place, there's really no reason not to hook up all and any possible ambient property. Go nuts! Add them all in – they won't get invoked unless used. This now requires changing the signature of usage on the ambient properties methods –adding some parenthesis to the master view: <% Html.RenderPartial("TagCloud", Model.SessionInterest() as Dictionary<string, int>); %> And, of course, the controller needs to call LazyDecorate() rather than the old Decorate(). The final touch is to introduce a convenience method to the my Controller class , so that the tedium of calling Decorate() everywhere goes away. This is done quite simply by adding a bunch of methods, matching View(object), View(string,object) signatures of the Controller class: public ActionResult Index() { var data = SyndicationBL.Refresh(TWEET_SOURCE_URL); return AmbientView(data); } //these methods can reside in a base controller for the solution: public ViewResult AmbientView(dynamic data) { dynamic result = ModelExtension.LazyDecorate(this, data); return View(result); } public ViewResult AmbientView(string viewName, dynamic data) { dynamic result = ModelExtension.LazyDecorate(this, data); return View(viewName, result); } The call to AmbientView now replaces any call the View() that requires the ambient data. DRY sattisfied, lazy loading and no need to replace core pieces of the MVC pipeline. I call this a good MVC day. Enjoy!

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  • It's not just “Single Sign-on” by Steve Knott (aurionPro SENA)

    - by Greg Jensen
    It is true that Oracle Enterprise Single Sign-on (Oracle ESSO) started out as purely an application single sign-on tool but as we have seen in the previous articles in this series the product has matured into a suite of tools that can do more than just automated single sign-on and can also provide rapidly deployed, cost effective solution to many demanding password management problems. In the last article of this series I would like to discuss three cases where customers faced password scenarios that required more than just single sign-on and how some of the less well known tools in the Oracle ESSO suite “kitbag” helped solve these challenges. Case #1 One of the issues often faced by our customers is how to keep their applications compliant. I had a client who liked the idea of automated single sign-on for most of his applications but had a key requirement to actually increase the security for one specific SOX application. For the SOX application he wanted to secure access by using two-factor authentication with a smartcard. The problem was that the application did not support two-factor authentication. The solution was to use a feature from the Oracle ESSO suite called authentication manager. This feature enables you to have multiple authentication methods for the same user which in this case was a smartcard and the Windows password.  Within authentication manager each authenticator can be configured with a security grade so we gave the smartcard a high grade and the Windows password a normal grade. Security grading in Oracle ESSO can be configured on a per application basis so we set the SOX application to require the higher grade smartcard authenticator. The end result for the user was that they enjoyed automated single sign-on for most of the applications apart from the SOX application. When the SOX application was launched, the user was required by ESSO to present their smartcard before being given access to the application. Case #2 Another example solving compliance issues was in the case of a large energy company who had a number of core billing applications. New regulations required that users change their password regularly and use a complex password. The problem facing the customer was that the core billing applications did not have any native user password change functionality. The customer could not replace the core applications because of the cost and time required to re-develop them. With a reputation for innovation aurionPro SENA were approached to provide a solution to this problem using Oracle ESSO. Oracle ESSO has a password expiry feature that can be triggered periodically based on the timestamp of the users’ last password creation therefore our strategy here was to leverage this feature to provide the password change experience. The trigger can launch an application change password event however in this scenario there was no native change password feature that could be launched therefore a “dummy” change password screen was created that could imitate the missing change password function and connect to the application database on behalf of the user. Oracle ESSO was configured to trigger a change password event every 60 days. After this period if the user launched the application Oracle ESSO would detect the logon screen and invoke the password expiry feature. Oracle ESSO would trigger the “dummy screen,” detect it automatically as the application change password screen and insert a complex password on behalf of the user. After the password event had completed the user was logged on to the application with their new password. All this was provided at a fraction of the cost of re-developing the core applications. Case #3 Recent popular initiatives such as the BYOD and working from home schemes bring with them many challenges in administering “unmanaged machines” and sometimes “unmanageable users.” In a recent case, a client had a dispersed community of casual contractors who worked for the business using their own laptops to access applications. To improve security the around password management the security goal was to provision the passwords directly to these contractors. In a previous article we saw how Oracle ESSO has the capability to provision passwords through Provisioning Gateway but the challenge in this scenario was how to get the Oracle ESSO agent to the casual contractor on an unmanaged machine. The answer was to use another tool in the suite, Oracle ESSO Anywhere. This component can compile the normal Oracle ESSO functionality into a deployment package that can be made available from a website in a similar way to a streamed application. The ESSO Anywhere agent does not actually install into the registry or program files but runs in a folder within the user’s profile therefore no local administrator rights are required for installation. The ESSO Anywhere package can also be configured to stay persistent or disable itself at the end of the user’s session. In this case the user just needed to be told where the website package was located and download the package. Once the download was complete the agent started automatically and the user was provided with single sign-on to their applications without ever knowing the application passwords. Finally, as we have seen in these series Oracle ESSO not only has great utilities in its own tool box but also has direct integration with Oracle Privileged Account Manager, Oracle Identity Manager and Oracle Access Manager. Integrated together with these tools provides a complete and complementary platform to address even the most complex identity and access management requirements. So what next for Oracle ESSO? “Agentless ESSO available in the cloud” – but that will be a subject for a future Oracle ESSO series!                                                                                                                               

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  • What to Do When Windows Won’t Boot

    - by Chris Hoffman
    You turn on your computer one day and Windows refuses to boot — what do you do? “Windows won’t boot” is a common symptom with a variety of causes, so you’ll need to perform some troubleshooting. Modern versions of Windows are better at recovering from this sort of thing. Where Windows XP might have stopped in its tracks when faced with this problem, modern versions of Windows will try to automatically run Startup Repair. First Things First Be sure to think about changes you’ve made recently — did you recently install a new hardware driver, connect a new hardware component to your computer, or open your computer’s case and do something? It’s possible the hardware driver is buggy, the new hardware is incompatible, or that you accidentally unplugged something while working inside your computer. The Computer Won’t Power On At All If your computer won’t power on at all, ensure it’s plugged into a power outlet and that the power connector isn’t loose. If it’s a desktop PC, ensure the power switch on the back of its case — on the power supply — is set to the On position. If it still won’t power on at all, it’s possible you disconnected a power cable inside its case. If you haven’t been messing around inside the case, it’s possible the power supply is dead. In this case, you’ll have to get your computer’s hardware fixed or get a new computer. Be sure to check your computer monitor — if your computer seems to power on but your screen stays black, ensure your monitor is powered on and that the cable connecting it to your computer’s case is plugged in securely at both ends. The Computer Powers On And Says No Bootable Device If your computer is powering on but you get a black screen that says something like “no bootable device” or another sort of “disk error” message, your computer can’t seem to boot from the hard drive that Windows was installed on. Enter your computer’s BIOS or UEFI firmware setup screen and check its boot order setting, ensuring that it’s set to boot from its hard drive. If the hard drive doesn’t appear in the list at all, it’s possible your hard drive has failed and can no longer be booted from. In this case, you may want to insert Windows installation or recovery media and run the Startup Repair operation. This will attempt to make Windows bootable again. For example, if something overwrote your Windows drive’s boot sector, this will repair the boot sector. If the recovery environment won’t load or doesn’t see your hard drive, you likely have a hardware problem. Be sure to check your BIOS or UEFI’s boot order first if the recovery environment won’t load. You can also attempt to manually fix Windows boot loader problems using the fixmbr and fixboot commands. Modern versions of Windows should be able to fix this problem for you with the Startup Repair wizard, so you shouldn’t actually have to run these commands yourself. Windows Freezes or Crashes During Boot If Windows seems to start booting but fails partway through, you may be facing either a software or hardware problem. If it’s a software problem, you may be able to fix it by performing a Startup Repair operation. If you can’t do this from the boot menu, insert a Windows installation disc or recovery disk and use the startup repair tool from there. If this doesn’t help at all, you may want to reinstall Windows or perform a Refresh or Reset on Windows 8. If the computer encounters errors while attempting to perform startup repair or reinstall Windows, or the reinstall process works properly and you encounter the same errors afterwards, you likely have a hardware problem. Windows Starts and Blue Screens or Freezes If Windows crashes or blue-screens on you every time it boots, you may be facing a hardware or software problem. For example, malware or a buggy driver may be loading at boot and causing the crash, or your computer’s hardware may be malfunctioning. To test this, boot your Windows computer in safe mode. In safe mode, Windows won’t load typical hardware drivers or any software that starts automatically at startup. If the computer is stable in safe mode, try uninstalling any recently installed hardware drivers, performing a system restore, and scanning for malware. If you’re lucky, one of these steps may fix your software problem and allow you to boot Windows normally. If your problem isn’t fixed, try reinstalling Windows or performing a Refresh or Reset on Windows 8. This will reset your computer back to its clean, factory-default state. If you’re still experiencing crashes, your computer likely has a hardware problem. Recover Files When Windows Won’t Boot If you have important files that will be lost and want to back them up before reinstalling Windows, you can use a Windows installer disc or Linux live media to recover the files. These run entirely from a CD, DVD, or USB drive and allow you to copy your files to another external media, such as another USB stick or an external hard drive. If you’re incapable of booting a Windows installer disc or Linux live CD, you may need to go into your BIOS or UEFI and change the boot order setting. If even this doesn’t work — or if you can boot from the devices and your computer freezes or you can’t access your hard drive — you likely have a hardware problem. You can try pulling the computer’s hard drive, inserting it into another computer, and recovering your files that way. Following these steps should fix the vast majority of Windows boot issues — at least the ones that are actually fixable. The dark cloud that always hangs over such issues is the possibility that the hard drive or another component in the computer may be failing. Image Credit: Karl-Ludwig G. Poggemann on Flickr, Tzuhsun Hsu on Flickr     

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  • Trying to run my code and compiler seems to just close after it executes [migrated]

    - by Shane
    I am trying to run a program and the compiler seems to just crash right after it executes ... i have no build errors so i am wondering what the hell is going on ... I am a bit of a novice so all help would be appreciated =). I don't know if you might have time to scan through the code but this is what i have got : using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { public class Student { string Fname, Lname, Program ; int Sid ; // Inputting information for students public void InputStudentInfo () { Console.WriteLine ("Please enter your first name") ; Fname = Console.ReadLine() ; Console.WriteLine ("Please enter you last name") ; Lname = Console.ReadLine() ; Console.WriteLine ("Please enter you student ID#") ; Sid = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()) ; Console.WriteLine ("Enter the Program that you are completeing") ; Program = Console.ReadLine() ; } // Printing information for students public void PrintStudentInfo () { Console.Write (" Your name is " + Fname) ; Console.Write(" " + Lname); Console.WriteLine (" Your student identification number is " + Sid) ; Console.WriteLine (" The program you are registered for is " + Program) ; } /* public void MenuInterface() { Console.WriteLine (" 1. Input Student information" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 2. Input Course information" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 3. Input Grade information" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 4. Print Course information" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 5. Print Student information" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 6. Print Grade information" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 7. Print Student information including Course they are registered in and the grade obtained for that course" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 8. Print grade info of the course in which student has achieved the highest grade" ) ; Console.WriteLine (" 0. Exit") ; Console.WriteLine (" Please select a choice from 0-8") ; accode = Console.ReadLine(); } */ } public class Course { string course1, course2, course3 ; int Stuid ; // Inputting Course Information public void InputCourseInfo () { Console.WriteLine (" Please re-enter your identification number") ; Stuid = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()) ; Console.WriteLine (" Enter the name of your first course") ; course1 = Console.ReadLine() ; Console.WriteLine (" Enter the name of your second course") ; course2 = Console.ReadLine() ; Console.WriteLine (" Enter the name of your third course") ; course3 = Console.ReadLine() ; } // Printing Course Information public void PrintCourseInfo () { Console.WriteLine (" Your ID # is " + Stuid) ; Console.Write (" The Courses you selected are " + course1) ; Console.Write("," + course2); Console.Write(" and " + course3); } } public class Grade : Course { int Studentid ; int [] hwgrade ; int [] cwgrade ; int [] midegrade ; int [] finalegrade ; int [] totalgrade ; string coursename ; public Grade ( string cname , int Studentident , int [] homework , int [] classwork , int [] midexam , int [] finalexam) { coursename = cname ; Studentid = Studentident ; hwgrade = homework ; cwgrade = classwork ; midegrade = midexam ; finalegrade = finalexam ; } public string coname { get { return coursename ; } set { coursename = value ; } } public int Studentidenty { get { return Studentid ; } set { Studentid = value ; } } public void InputGradeInfo() { Console.WriteLine (" Please enter your Student ID" ) ; grade.Studentidenty = Console.ReadLine() ; for ( int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { Console.Writeline (" Please enter the Course name" ) ; grade.coname[i] = Console.Readline() ; Console.Writeline (" Please enter your homework grade") ; grade.hwgrade[i] = int.parse(Console.Readline()) ; // ..... } } public void CalcTotalGrade() { for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { grade.courseper[i] = (grade.hwgrade[i] + grade.cwgrade[i]) / 2; grade.finalper[i] = (grade.midexam[i] + grade.finalegrade[i]) / 2; grade.totalgrade[i] = (grade.courseper[i] + finalper[i]) / 2; } } public void PrintGradeInfo() { for ( int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { Console.Writeline (" Your homework grade is" + grade.hwgrade[i]) ; // ..... } } static void Main(string[] args) { int accode ; Student student = new Student() ; Course course = new Course() ; Grade grade = new Grade() ; do { Console.WriteLine(" 1. Input Student information"); Console.WriteLine(" 2. Input Course information"); Console.WriteLine(" 3. Input Grade information"); Console.WriteLine(" 4. Print Course information"); Console.WriteLine(" 5. Print Student information"); Console.WriteLine(" 6. Print Grade information"); Console.WriteLine(" 7. Print Student information including Course they are registered in and the grade obtained for that course"); Console.WriteLine(" 8. Print grade info of the course in which student has achieved the highest grade"); Console.WriteLine(" 0. Exit"); Console.WriteLine(" Please select a choice from 0-8"); accode = Console.ReadLine(); switch (accode) { case 1: student.InputStudentInfo(); break; case 2: course.InputCourseInfo(); break; case 3: grade.InputGradeInfo(); break; case 4: course.PrintCourseInfo(); break; case 5: student.PRintStudentInfo(); break; case 6: grade.PrintGradeInfo(); break; case 0: Console.WriteLine(" You have chosen to exit the program have a good day. =)"); break; } } while (accode != 0); Console.ReadKey(); } } }

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  • CodePlex Daily Summary for Saturday, March 27, 2010

    CodePlex Daily Summary for Saturday, March 27, 2010New ProjectsAlter gear SQL index Management: SQL Index management displays a list of indexes available for the chosen database and allows you to select an individual / group of indexes to be r...ASP League Ladder System: An ASP ladder / league system for online gaming league or real life leagues also.Augmented Reality Strategy Simulator: Augmented Reality Strategy Simulator is a software suite to promote computer aided strategy planning. Sports team can visualize their strategy usin...Boo syntax highlighting for Visual Studio 2010: Simple syntax hightlighting VSX add-in for Boo language in Visual Studio 2010.easySan: easySan zur einfachen Mitgliedsverwaltung im BRKFsUnit: FsUnit makes unit-testing with F# more enjoyable. It adds a special syntax to your favorite .NET testing framework.Laughing Dog XNA Framework: Laughing Dog is a simple to use, component based 2D framework for XNA game development. At present it is very early in development and as such is f...miniTodo: WPFでMVVMの練習にてきとうに作ったTODOアプリ 実用は無理です。My Common Library on .NET with CSharp: My Common Library on .NET with CSharp, it conclude database assecc, encrypt string, data caching, StringUtility, thank you for your view.Native code wrapping using c# : fsutil sparse commands: Ever thought about creating HUGE FILES for future use but felt bad for the wasted memory? Well, SPARSE FILES are the ANSWER! This FSUTIL SPARSE CO...Open SOA Platform: A centralized system for administering applications throught a SOA Enterprise Service Bus: Runtime environment (PROD, DEV, ...) , application and s...P-DBMS: Network and Database ProjectPraiseSight: PraiseSight is supposed to become a practical tool for churches to catalog an present their songs, lyrics and presentations on a beamer. The soluti...Pretty Good Frontend: Pretty Good Frontend is a sample frontend for ConfigMgr (SCCM) 2007 and MDT 2010 Zero Touch. S3Appender (Appender for Log4Net that Uses Amazon S3 For Storing Log Files): The S3Appender is a log4net appender that stores log events in either a MemoryStream or FileStream and sends them to S3 based on time intervals and...sEmit: sEmit (sms emitter) is an application written in C# which was built to send text messages. The project was founded in May 2009 by cansik. It works ...Silverlight RIA Tools: A tool set that generates a full RIA Solutions in Silverlightthommo cannon: Cannon for shooting down ThommosTianjin Polytechnic University Online Judge: Online Judge System Built on Microsoft technologies. Vision & Scope: A distributed OJ Solution on Windows and Cloud. Technologies used or planed...Tinare: Tinare is an byte encryption and decryption alogrithm. The input key is a string password.TinyPlug: Small Plugin Manager, written in C# Allows a project to define supported interfaces, and at runtime add plugins which support (inherit) these in...Utility niconv helps to convert text from one encoding to another: .NET implementation of GUN iconv console converter utility. The niconv program converts text from one encoding to another encoding. In the future r...WareFeed - Software Business Analytics: WareFeed is a simple but effective Software Business Analytics tool written in PHP and compatible others languages such as .NET, Java or Python. It...Y36API1: Semestralni projekt na Y36APINew ReleasesAlter gear SQL index Management: Setup 1.0.0: setup for first alpha releaseASP League Ladder System: ASPLeagueRelease_0_4_1: Release v 0.41Augmented Reality Strategy Simulator: Augmented Reality Strategy Simulator: Version 1.0 InstallerAutoAudit: AutoAudit 1.10e: Version 1.10e will be the final iteration of version 1 development. Version 2 will begin adding switches and options. Pleae email your suggestio...Boo syntax highlighting for Visual Studio 2010: Boo syntax VS 2010 - alpha: First release TODO: Multiline comments!Chargify.NET: Chargify.NET 0.6: Updated library, using Metered Components and updated Product information.Composer: V1.0.326.1000 Alpha: Initial Alpha release. Should be stable, with minor issues.CoNatural Components: CoNatural Components 1.6: Code fixes: Created helper classes to generate source code for type mapper/materializer. Fixed issue in optimized type materializer when loading ...CRM External View: 1.2: New Features in v1.2 release Password protected views. No more using Web Data Access role from v1. Filtering capabilities Caching for performan...Designit Video Embed Package: Release 1.1.0 beta1: You can now either have the video embeded directly in the template or have a preview in template that opens the video in a lightbox window.FsUnit: FsUnit 0.9.0 for NUnit: This release is for F# 2.0 and NUnit 2.5+.Laughing Dog XNA Framework: Laughing Dog 0.0.1: Laughing Dog - Alpla - v 0.0.1 First released version of the Laughing Dog framework.LiveUpload to Facebook: LiveUpload to Facebook 3.2: Version 3.2Become a fan on Facebook! Features Quickly and easily upload your photos and videos to Facebook, including any people tags added in Win...MapWindow6: MapWindow 6.0 msi March 26: This version adds the Join feature for creating a new "featureset" with attributes that are joined with attributes from a Excel data label named 'D...Mobile Broadband Logging Monitor: Mobile Broadband Logging Monitor 1.2.2: This edition supports: Newer and older editions of Birdstep Technology's EasyConnect HUAWEI Mobile Partner MWConn User defined location for s...Multiplayer Quiz: Release 1_6_351_0: A beta release of the next version. Please leave any errors in discussions or comments.Native code wrapping using c# : fsutil sparse commands: Fsutil sparse file native code - c sharp wrapper: Project Description A C# code wrapping a native code-Sparse files1 The code is about SPARSE files- the abillity to create huge files (for future us...Nice Libraries: 1.30 build 50325.01: Release 1.30 build 50325.01Pretty Good Frontend: Pretty Good Frontend binaries v1.0: This is the first public release of the Pretty Good Frontend binariesPylor: Pylor 0.1 alpha: This is the very first published version. I hope I can put a sample project soon.Quick Performance Monitor: Version 1.1 refresh: There was a typo or two in the sample batch file. Corrected now.Rapidshare Episode Downloader: RED v0.8.3: 0.8.1 introduced the ability to advance to the next episode. In 0.8.2 a bug was found that if episode number is less then 10, then the preceding 0...RapidWebDev - .NET Enterprise Software Development Infrastructure: RapidWebDev 1.52: RapidWebDev is an infrastructure helps to develop enterprise software solutions in Microsoft .NET easily and productively. This is the release vers...thommo cannon: game: gamethommo cannon: setup: setupthommo cannon: test: testTinare: Tinare DLL: Tinare DLL is a dynamic-link library written in C# which provides the functions to encrypt and decrypt a byte stream with tinare.WeatherBar: WeatherBar 2.1 [No Installation]: Minor changes to release 2.0 (http://weatherbar.codeplex.com/releases/view/42490). Fixed the bug that caused an exception to be thrown if the user...Most Popular ProjectsMetaSharpRawrWBFS ManagerASP.NET Ajax LibrarySilverlight ToolkitMicrosoft SQL Server Product Samples: DatabaseAJAX Control ToolkitLiveUpload to FacebookWindows Presentation Foundation (WPF)ASP.NETMost Active ProjectsRawrjQuery Library for SharePoint Web ServicesBlogEngine.NETMicrosoft Biology FoundationFarseer Physics Enginepatterns & practices: Composite WPF and SilverlightLINQ to TwitterTable2ClassFluent Ribbon Control SuiteNB_Store - Free DotNetNuke Ecommerce Catalog Module

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  • How to select the first ocurrence in the auto-completion menu by pressing Enter?

    - by janoChen
    Every time there's is a pop up menu. I select the first occurrence and press enter but nothing happens (the word is not completed with he selected occurrence). The only way is to press Tab until you reach the term for a second time. Is there a way of selecting the first occurrence pressing Enter (or other Vim hotkey)? My .vimrc: " SHORTCUTS nnoremap <F4> :set filetype=html<CR> nnoremap <F5> :set filetype=php<CR> nnoremap <F3> :TlistToggle<CR> " press space to turn off highlighting and clear any message already displayed. nnoremap <silent> <Space> :nohlsearch<Bar>:echo<CR> " set buffers commands nnoremap <silent> <M-F8> :BufExplorer<CR> nnoremap <silent> <F8> :bn<CR> nnoremap <silent> <S-F8> :bp<CR> " open NERDTree with start directory: D:\wamp\www nnoremap <F9> :NERDTree /home/alex/www<CR> " open MRU nnoremap <F10> :MRU<CR> " open current file (silently) nnoremap <silent> <F11> :let old_reg=@"<CR>:let @"=substitute(expand("%:p"), "/", "\\", "g")<CR>:silent!!cmd /cstart <C-R><C-R>"<CR><CR>:let @"=old_reg<CR> " open current file in localhost (default browser) nnoremap <F12> :! start "http://localhost" file:///"%:p""<CR> " open Vim's default Explorer nnoremap <silent> <F2> :Explore<CR> nnoremap <C-F2> :%s/\.html/.php/g<CR> " REMAPPING " map leader to , let mapleader = "," " remap ` to ' nnoremap ' ` nnoremap ` ' " remap increment numbers nnoremap <C-kPlus> <C-A> " COMPRESSION function Js_css_compress () let cwd = expand('<afile>:p:h') let nam = expand('<afile>:t:r') let ext = expand('<afile>:e') if -1 == match(nam, "[\._]src$") let minfname = nam.".min.".ext else let minfname = substitute(nam, "[\._]src$", "", "g").".".ext endif if ext == 'less' if executable('lessc') cal system( 'lessc '.cwd.'/'.nam.'.'.ext.' &') endif else if filewritable(cwd.'/'.minfname) if ext == 'js' && executable('closure-compiler') cal system( 'closure-compiler --js '.cwd.'/'.nam.'.'.ext.' > '.cwd.'/'.minfname.' &') elseif executable('yuicompressor') cal system( 'yuicompressor '.cwd.'/'.nam.'.'.ext.' > '.cwd.'/'.minfname.' &') endif endif endif endfunction autocmd FileWritePost,BufWritePost *.js :call Js_css_compress() autocmd FileWritePost,BufWritePost *.css :call Js_css_compress() autocmd FileWritePost,BufWritePost *.less :call Js_css_compress() " GUI " taglist right side let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1 " hide tool bar set guioptions-=T "remove scroll bars set guioptions+=LlRrb set guioptions-=LlRrb " set the initial size of window set lines=46 columns=180 " set default font set guifont=Monospace " set guifont=Monospace\ 10 " show line number set number " set default theme colorscheme molokai-2 " encoding set encoding=utf-8 setglobal fileencoding=utf-8 bomb set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,latin1 " SCSS syntax highlight au BufRead,BufNewFile *.scss set filetype=scss " LESS syntax highlight syntax on au BufNewFile,BufRead *.less set filetype=less " Haml syntax highlight "au! BufRead,BufNewFile *.haml "setfiletype haml " Sass syntax highlight "au! BufRead,BufNewFile *.sass "setfiletype sass " set filetype indent filetype indent on " for snipMate to work filetype plugin on " show breaks set showbreak=-----> " coding format set tabstop=4 set shiftwidth=4 set linespace=1 " CONFIG " set location of ctags let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd='D:\ctags58\ctags.exe' " keep the buffer around when left set hidden " enable matchit plugin source $VIMRUNTIME/macros/matchit.vim " folding set foldmethod=marker set foldmarker={,} let g:FoldMethod = 0 map <leader>ff :call ToggleFold()<cr> fun! ToggleFold() if g:FoldMethod == 0 exe 'set foldmethod=indent' let g:FoldMethod = 1 else exe 'set foldmethod=marker' let g:FoldMethod = 0 endif endfun " save and restore folds when a file is closed and re-opened "au BufWrite ?* mkview "au BufRead ?* silent loadview " auto-open NERDTree everytime Vim is invoked au VimEnter * NERDTree /home/alex/www " set omnicomplete autocmd FileType python set omnifunc=pythoncomplete#Complete autocmd FileType javascript set omnifunc=javascriptcomplete#CompleteJS autocmd FileType html set omnifunc=htmlcomplete#CompleteTags autocmd FileType css set omnifunc=csscomplete#CompleteCSS autocmd FileType xml set omnifunc=xmlcomplete#CompleteTags autocmd FileType php set omnifunc=phpcomplete#CompletePHP autocmd FileType c set omnifunc=ccomplete#Complete " Remove trailing white-space once the file is saved au BufWritePre * silent g/\s\+$/s/// " Use CTRL-S for saving, also in Insert mode noremap <C-S> :update!<CR> vnoremap <C-S> <C-C>:update!<CR> inoremap <C-S> <C-O>:update!<CR> " DEFAULT set nocompatible source $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim "source $VIMRUNTIME/mswin.vim "behave mswin " disable creation of swap files set noswapfile " no back ups wwhile editing set nowritebackup " disable creation of backups set nobackup " no file change pop up warning autocmd FileChangedShell * echohl WarningMsg | echo "File changed shell." | echohl None set diffexpr=MyDiff() function MyDiff() let opt = '-a --binary ' if &diffopt =~ 'icase' | let opt = opt . '-i ' | endif if &diffopt =~ 'iwhite' | let opt = opt . '-b ' | endif let arg1 = v:fname_in if arg1 =~ ' ' | let arg1 = '"' . arg1 . '"' | endif let arg2 = v:fname_new if arg2 =~ ' ' | let arg2 = '"' . arg2 . '"' | endif let arg3 = v:fname_out if arg3 =~ ' ' | let arg3 = '"' . arg3 . '"' | endif let eq = '' if $VIMRUNTIME =~ ' ' if &sh =~ '\<cmd' let cmd = '""' . $VIMRUNTIME . '\diff"' let eq = '"' else let cmd = substitute($VIMRUNTIME, ' ', '" ', '') . '\diff"' endif else let cmd = $VIMRUNTIME . '\diff' endif silent execute '!' . cmd . ' ' . opt . arg1 . ' ' . arg2 . ' > ' . arg3 . eq endfunction

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  • DTracing TCP congestion control

    - by user12820842
    In a previous post, I showed how we can use DTrace to probe TCP receive and send window events. TCP receive and send windows are in effect both about flow-controlling how much data can be received - the receive window reflects how much data the local TCP is prepared to receive, while the send window simply reflects the size of the receive window of the peer TCP. Both then represent flow control as imposed by the receiver. However, consider that without the sender imposing flow control, and a slow link to a peer, TCP will simply fill up it's window with sent segments. Dealing with multiple TCP implementations filling their peer TCP's receive windows in this manner, busy intermediate routers may drop some of these segments, leading to timeout and retransmission, which may again lead to drops. This is termed congestion, and TCP has multiple congestion control strategies. We can see that in this example, we need to have some way of adjusting how much data we send depending on how quickly we receive acknowledgement - if we get ACKs quickly, we can safely send more segments, but if acknowledgements come slowly, we should proceed with more caution. More generally, we need to implement flow control on the send side also. Slow Start and Congestion Avoidance From RFC2581, let's examine the relevant variables: "The congestion window (cwnd) is a sender-side limit on the amount of data the sender can transmit into the network before receiving an acknowledgment (ACK). Another state variable, the slow start threshold (ssthresh), is used to determine whether the slow start or congestion avoidance algorithm is used to control data transmission" Slow start is used to probe the network's ability to handle transmission bursts both when a connection is first created and when retransmission timers fire. The latter case is important, as the fact that we have effectively lost TCP data acts as a motivator for re-probing how much data the network can handle from the sending TCP. The congestion window (cwnd) is initialized to a relatively small value, generally a low multiple of the sending maximum segment size. When slow start kicks in, we will only send that number of bytes before waiting for acknowledgement. When acknowledgements are received, the congestion window is increased in size until cwnd reaches the slow start threshold ssthresh value. For most congestion control algorithms the window increases exponentially under slow start, assuming we receive acknowledgements. We send 1 segment, receive an ACK, increase the cwnd by 1 MSS to 2*MSS, send 2 segments, receive 2 ACKs, increase the cwnd by 2*MSS to 4*MSS, send 4 segments etc. When the congestion window exceeds the slow start threshold, congestion avoidance is used instead of slow start. During congestion avoidance, the congestion window is generally updated by one MSS for each round-trip-time as opposed to each ACK, and so cwnd growth is linear instead of exponential (we may receive multiple ACKs within a single RTT). This continues until congestion is detected. If a retransmit timer fires, congestion is assumed and the ssthresh value is reset. It is reset to a fraction of the number of bytes outstanding (unacknowledged) in the network. At the same time the congestion window is reset to a single max segment size. Thus, we initiate slow start until we start receiving acknowledgements again, at which point we can eventually flip over to congestion avoidance when cwnd ssthresh. Congestion control algorithms differ most in how they handle the other indication of congestion - duplicate ACKs. A duplicate ACK is a strong indication that data has been lost, since they often come from a receiver explicitly asking for a retransmission. In some cases, a duplicate ACK may be generated at the receiver as a result of packets arriving out-of-order, so it is sensible to wait for multiple duplicate ACKs before assuming packet loss rather than out-of-order delivery. This is termed fast retransmit (i.e. retransmit without waiting for the retransmission timer to expire). Note that on Oracle Solaris 11, the congestion control method used can be customized. See here for more details. In general, 3 or more duplicate ACKs indicate packet loss and should trigger fast retransmit . It's best not to revert to slow start in this case, as the fact that the receiver knew it was missing data suggests it has received data with a higher sequence number, so we know traffic is still flowing. Falling back to slow start would be excessive therefore, so fast recovery is used instead. Observing slow start and congestion avoidance The following script counts TCP segments sent when under slow start (cwnd ssthresh). #!/usr/sbin/dtrace -s #pragma D option quiet tcp:::connect-request / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 0/ { start[args[1]-cs_cid] = 1; } tcp:::send / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 1 && args[3]-tcps_cwnd tcps_cwnd_ssthresh / { @c["Slow start", args[2]-ip_daddr, args[4]-tcp_dport] = count(); } tcp:::send / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 1 && args[3]-tcps_cwnd args[3]-tcps_cwnd_ssthresh / { @c["Congestion avoidance", args[2]-ip_daddr, args[4]-tcp_dport] = count(); } As we can see the script only works on connections initiated since it is started (using the start[] associative array with the connection ID as index to set whether it's a new connection (start[cid] = 1). From there we simply differentiate send events where cwnd ssthresh (congestion avoidance). Here's the output taken when I accessed a YouTube video (where rport is 80) and from an FTP session where I put a large file onto a remote system. # dtrace -s tcp_slow_start.d ^C ALGORITHM RADDR RPORT #SEG Slow start 10.153.125.222 20 6 Slow start 138.3.237.7 80 14 Slow start 10.153.125.222 21 18 Congestion avoidance 10.153.125.222 20 1164 We see that in the case of the YouTube video, slow start was exclusively used. Most of the segments we sent in that case were likely ACKs. Compare this case - where 14 segments were sent using slow start - to the FTP case, where only 6 segments were sent before we switched to congestion avoidance for 1164 segments. In the case of the FTP session, the FTP data on port 20 was predominantly sent with congestion avoidance in operation, while the FTP session relied exclusively on slow start. For the default congestion control algorithm - "newreno" - on Solaris 11, slow start will increase the cwnd by 1 MSS for every acknowledgement received, and by 1 MSS for each RTT in congestion avoidance mode. Different pluggable congestion control algorithms operate slightly differently. For example "highspeed" will update the slow start cwnd by the number of bytes ACKed rather than the MSS. And to finish, here's a neat oneliner to visually display the distribution of congestion window values for all TCP connections to a given remote port using a quantization. In this example, only port 80 is in use and we see the majority of cwnd values for that port are in the 4096-8191 range. # dtrace -n 'tcp:::send { @q[args[4]-tcp_dport] = quantize(args[3]-tcps_cwnd); }' dtrace: description 'tcp:::send ' matched 10 probes ^C 80 value ------------- Distribution ------------- count -1 | 0 0 |@@@@@@ 5 1 | 0 2 | 0 4 | 0 8 | 0 16 | 0 32 | 0 64 | 0 128 | 0 256 | 0 512 | 0 1024 | 0 2048 |@@@@@@@@@ 8 4096 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 23 8192 | 0

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  • Developing Schema Compare for Oracle (Part 1)

    - by Simon Cooper
    SQL Compare is one of Red Gate's most successful SQL Server tools; it allows developers and DBAs to compare and synchronize the contents of their databases. Although similar tools exist for Oracle, they are quite noticeably lacking in the usability and stability that SQL Compare is known for in the SQL Server world. We could see a real need for a usable schema comparison tools for Oracle, and so the Schema Compare for Oracle project was born. Over the next few weeks, as we come up to release of v1, I'll be doing a series of posts on the development of Schema Compare for Oracle. For the first post, I thought I would start with the main pitfalls that we stumbled across when developing the product, especially from a SQL Server background. 1. Schemas and Databases The most obvious difference is that the concept of a 'database' is quite different between Oracle and SQL Server. On SQL Server, one server instance has multiple databases, each with separate schemas. There is typically little communication between separate databases, and most databases are no more than about 1000-2000 objects. This means SQL Compare can register an entire database in a reasonable amount of time, and cross-database dependencies probably won't be an issue. It is a quite different scene under Oracle, however. The terms 'database' and 'instance' are used interchangeably, (although technically 'database' refers to the datafiles on disk, and 'instance' the running Oracle process that reads & writes to the database), and a database is a single conceptual entity. This immediately presents problems, as it is infeasible to register an entire database as we do in SQL Compare; in my Oracle install, using the standard recommended options, there are 63975 system objects. If we tried to register all those, not only would it take hours, but the client would probably run out of memory before we finished. As a result, we had to allow people to specify what schemas they wanted to register. This decision had quite a few knock-on effects for the design, which I will cover in a future post. 2. Connecting to Oracle The next obvious difference is in actually connecting to Oracle – in SQL Server, you can specify a server and database, and off you go. On Oracle things are slightly more complicated. SIDs, Service Names, and TNS A database (the files on disk) must have a unique identifier for the databases on the system, called the SID. It also has a global database name, which consists of a name (which doesn't have to match the SID) and a domain. Alternatively, you can identify a database using a service name, which normally has a 1-to-1 relationship with instances, but may not if, for example, using RAC (Real Application Clusters) for redundancy and failover. You specify the computer and instance you want to connect to using TNS (Transparent Network Substrate). The user-visible parts are a config file (tnsnames.ora) on the client machine that specifies how to connect to an instance. For example, the entry for one of my test instances is: SC_11GDB1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = simonctest)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = 11gR1db1) ) ) This gives the hostname, port, and SID of the instance I want to connect to, and associates it with a name (SC_11GDB1). The tnsnames syntax also allows you to specify failover, multiple descriptions and address lists, and client load balancing. You can then specify this TNS identifier as the data source in a connection string. Although using ODP.NET (the .NET dlls provided by Oracle) was fine for internal prototype builds, once we released the EAP we discovered that this simply wasn't an acceptable solution for installs on other people's machines. Due to .NET assembly strong naming, users had to have installed on their machines the exact same version of the ODP.NET dlls as we had on our build server. We couldn't ship the ODP.NET dlls with our installer as the Oracle license agreement prohibited this, and we didn't want to force users to install another Oracle client just so they can run our program. To be able to list the TNS entries in the connection dialog, we also had to locate and parse the tnsnames.ora file, which was complicated by users with several Oracle client installs and intricate TNS entries. After much swearing at our computers, we eventually decided to use a third party Oracle connection library from Devart that we could ship with our program; this could use whatever client version was installed, parse the TNS entries for us, and also had the nice feature of being able to connect to an Oracle server without having any client installed at all. Unfortunately, their current license agreement prevents us from shipping an Oracle SDK, but that's a bridge we'll cross when we get to it. 3. Running synchronization scripts The most important difference is that in Oracle, DDL is non-transactional; you cannot rollback DDL statements like you can on SQL Server. Although we considered various solutions to this, including using the flashback archive or recycle bin, or generating an undo script, no reliable method of completely undoing a half-executed sync script has yet been found; so in this case we simply have to trust that the DBA or developer will check and verify the script before running it. However, before we got to that stage, we had to get the scripts to run in the first place... To run a synchronization script from SQL Compare we essentially pass the script over to the SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery method. However, when we tried to do the same for an OracleConnection we got a very strange error – 'ORA-00911: invalid character', even when running the most basic CREATE TABLE command. After much hair-pulling and Googling, we discovered that Oracle has got some very strange behaviour with semicolons at the end of statements. To understand what's going on, we need to take a quick foray into SQL and PL/SQL. PL/SQL is not T-SQL In SQL Server, T-SQL is the language used to interface with the database. It has DDL, DML, control flow, and many other nice features (like Turing-completeness) that you can mix and match in the same script. In Oracle, DDL SQL and PL/SQL are two completely separate languages, with different syntax, different datatypes and different execution engines within the instance. Oracle SQL is much more like 'pure' ANSI SQL, with no state, no control flow, and only the basic DML commands. PL/SQL is the Turing-complete language, but can only do DML and DCL (i.e. BEGIN TRANSATION commands). Any DDL or SQL commands that aren't recognised by the PL/SQL engine have to be passed back to the SQL engine via an EXECUTE IMMEDIATE command. In PL/SQL, a semicolons is a valid token used to delimit the end of a statement. In SQL, a semicolon is not a valid token (even though the Oracle documentation gives them at the end of the syntax diagrams) . When you execute the command CREATE TABLE table1 (COL1 NUMBER); in SQL*Plus the semicolon on the end is a command to SQL*Plus to execute the preceding statement on the server; it strips off the semicolon before passing it on. SQL Developer does a similar thing. When executing a PL/SQL block, however, the syntax is like so: BEGIN INSERT INTO table1 VALUES (1); INSERT INTO table1 VALUES (2); END; / In this case, the semicolon is accepted by the PL/SQL engine as a statement delimiter, and instead the / is the command to SQL*Plus to execute the current block. This explains the ORA-00911 error we got when trying to run the CREATE TABLE command – the server is complaining about the semicolon on the end. This also means that there is no SQL syntax to execute more than one DDL command in the same OracleCommand. Therefore, we would have to do a round-trip to the server for every command we want to execute. Obviously, this would cause lots of network traffic and be very slow on slow or congested networks. Our first attempt at a solution was to wrap every SQL statement (without semicolon) inside an EXECUTE IMMEDIATE command in a PL/SQL block and pass that to the server to execute. One downside of this solution is that we get no feedback as to how the script execution is going; we're currently evaluating better solutions to this thorny issue. Next up: Dependencies; how we solved the problem of being unable to register the entire database, and the knock-on effects to the whole product.

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  • C to C++ Conversion [closed]

    - by Annalyne
    Can someone convert this code to C++, pretty please? :( #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #define WEAPON_ROPE 10 #define WEAPON_REVOLVER 20 #define WEAPON_LEADPIPE 30 #define WEAPON_CANDLESTICK 40 #define WEAPON_KNIFE 50 #define WEAPON_WRENCH 60 #define PEOPLE_MRGREEN 100 #define PEOPLE_MSSCARLET 200 #define PEOPLE_CONLMUSTARD 300 #define PEOPLE_PROFPLUM 400 #define PEOPLE_MISPEACOCK 500 #define PEOPLE_MISWHITE 600 #define PLACE_KITCHEN 1 #define PLACE_HALL 2 #define PLACE_POOLROOM 3 #define PLACE_STUDY 4 #define PLACE_LOUNG 5 #define PLACE_LIBRARY 6 #define PLACE_CONSERVATORY 7 #define PLACE_DINING 8 #define PLACE_BILLIARDS 9 int main() { int die = 0; int players[6][9] = {{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}}; int allCards[] = {WEAPON_ROPE, WEAPON_REVOLVER, WEAPON_LEADPIPE, WEAPON_CANDLESTICK, WEAPON_CANDLESTICK, WEAPON_KNIFE, WEAPON_WRENCH, PEOPLE_MRGREEN, PEOPLE_MSSCARLET, PEOPLE_CONLMUSTARD, PEOPLE_CONLMUSTARD, PEOPLE_PROFPLUM, PEOPLE_MISPEACOCK, PEOPLE_MISWHITE, PLACE_KITCHEN, PLACE_HALL, PLACE_POOLROOM, PLACE_STUDY, PLACE_LOUNG, PLACE_LIBRARY, PLACE_CONSERVATORY, PLACE_DINING, PLACE_BILLIARDS}; int deckSize = 23; // number of cards in allCards array int count; for (count = 0; count < deckSize; ++count) { printf(", %d", allCards[count]); } // End for // These three array's are so you can put a card back, if need be... int weaponCards[] = {WEAPON_ROPE, WEAPON_REVOLVER, WEAPON_LEADPIPE, WEAPON_CANDLESTICK, WEAPON_CANDLESTICK, WEAPON_KNIFE, WEAPON_WRENCH}; int weaponDeckSize = 7; int peopleCards[] = {PEOPLE_MRGREEN, PEOPLE_MSSCARLET, PEOPLE_CONLMUSTARD, PEOPLE_CONLMUSTARD, PEOPLE_PROFPLUM, PEOPLE_MISPEACOCK, PEOPLE_MISWHITE}; int peopleDeckSize = 7; int placeCards[] = {PLACE_KITCHEN, PLACE_HALL, PLACE_POOLROOM, PLACE_STUDY, PLACE_LOUNG, PLACE_LIBRARY, PLACE_CONSERVATORY, PLACE_DINING, PLACE_BILLIARDS}; int placeDeckSize = 9; srand(clock()); // seed rand() using clock() which gives // the current tick your processor is at... int killer[3]; // no need to initialize yet. killer[0-2] will initialize int deckShuffle = rand() % weaponDeckSize; // picks one number out of the deck killer[0] = weaponCards[deckShuffle]; allCards[deckShuffle] = 0; // Card drawn. No longer exists in deck deckShuffle = rand() % peopleDeckSize; // picks another random card out of the deck killer[1] = peopleCards[deckShuffle]; allCards[deckShuffle + weaponDeckSize] = 0; // Card drawn. No longer exists in deck deckShuffle = rand() % placeDeckSize; // randomly picks the last card needed killer[2] = placeCards[deckShuffle]; allCards[deckShuffle + weaponDeckSize + peopleDeckSize] = 0; // Card drawn. No longer exists in deck int numberOfCards = 0; printf("CLUE\n"); printf("written by John Schintone\n"); printf("Origonal game delvoped by Hasbro\n"); int numberOfPlayers = 0; while ((numberOfPlayers < 3) || (numberOfPlayers > 6)) { printf("How many players are Going to play :\n"); printf("[number] > "); scanf("%d",&numberOfPlayers); // A very fast if statement which only uses integers/char's switch(numberOfPlayers) { case 6: { numberOfCards = 3; } break; case 5: { numberOfCards = 4; } break; case 4: { numberOfCards = 5; } break; case 3: { numberOfCards = 6; } break; default: { printf("You must enter a number between 3 and 6...\n"); } // End default } // End switch } // End while int index1, index2; // Note: ++index1; is faster than index1++; and will almost always // produce better code (index1++ happens after this statement line. // ++index1 increments index1 before this statement line) for (index1 = 0; index1 < numberOfPlayers; ++index1) { printf("Player %d", index1); for (index2 = 0; index2 < numberOfCards; ++index2) { // Remember that allCards[deckShuffle] == 0 because we removed that // card ages ago... works out well, just don't forget you did that : ) while (allCards[deckShuffle] == 0) { deckShuffle = rand() % deckSize; } // End while players[index1][index2] = allCards[deckShuffle]; allCards[deckShuffle] = 0; // Card removed for after loop... printf(", %d", players[index1][index2]); switch(players[index1][index2]) { case WEAPON_ROPE: { } break; // Add more... case PEOPLE_MRGREEN: { } break; // Add more... case PLACE_KITCHEN: { } break; // Add more... default: { printf("Program has caught player %d cheating...", index1); } // End default } // End switch } // End for printf("\n"); } // End for printf("The killer is %d, with the %d, and in the %d \n\n", killer[0], killer[1], killer[2]); printf("Type h for this help... \n"); printf("Type e to escape... \n"); printf("Type r to roll the die... \n"); char command = '\0'; // \0 represents zero, or the null character while (command != 'e') { printf("[one character] > "); scanf("%c", &command); if (command == 'r') { die = rand() % 6 + 1; printf("Your number is: %d \n", die); } // end while if (command == 'h') { printf("Type h for this help... \n"); printf("Type e to escape... \n"); printf("Type r to roll the die... \n"); } // End if printf("\n"); } // End while return(0); // Success. Program worked ok } // End main() Function

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  • Solving the EXC_BAD_ACCESS in WhatATool Part 2

    - by Allen
    #import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h> @interface PolygonShape : NSObject { int numberOfSides, maximumNumberOfSides, minimumNumberOfSides; } @property (readwrite) int numberOfSides, maximumNumberOfSides, minimumNumberOfSides; @property (readonly) float angleInDegrees, angleInRadians; @property (readonly) NSString * name; @property (readonly) NSString * description; -(id) init; -(void) setNumberOfSides:(int)sides; -(void) setMinimumNumberOfSides:(int)min; -(void) setMaximumNumberOfSides:(int)max; -(float) angleInDegrees; -(float) angleInRadians; -(NSString *) name; -(id) initWithNumberOfSides:(int) sides minimumNumberOfSides:(int) min maximumNumberOfSides:(int) max; -(NSString *) description; -(void) dealloc; @end #import "PolygonShape.h" @implementation PolygonShape -(id) init { return [self initWithNumberOfSides:4 minimumNumberOfSides:3 maximumNumberOfSides:5]; } @synthesize numberOfSides, minimumNumberOfSides, maximumNumberOfSides, angleInRadians; -(void) setNumberOfSides:(int)sides { numberOfSides = sides; NSLog(@"The number of sides is off limit so the number of sides is %@.",sides); } -(void)setMaximumNumberOfSides:(int)max { if (maximumNumberOfSides <= 12) { maximumNumberOfSides = max; } } -(void)setMinimumNumberOfSides: (int)min { if (minimumNumberOfSides > 2) { minimumNumberOfSides = min; } } - (id)initWithNumberOfSides:(int)sides minimumNumberOfSides:(int)min maximumNumberOfSides:(int)max { if(self=[super init]) { [self setNumberOfSides:(int)sides]; [self setMaximumNumberOfSides:(int)max]; [self setMinimumNumberOfSides: (int)min]; } return self; } -(float) angleInDegrees { float anglesInDegrees = (180 * (numberOfSides - 2) / numberOfSides); return anglesInDegrees; } -(float)angleInRadiants { float anglesInRadiants = ((180 * (numberOfSides - 2) / numberOfSides) * (180 / M_PI)); return anglesInRadiants; } -(NSString *)name { NSString * output; switch (numberOfSides) { case 3: output = @"Triangle"; break; case 4: output = @"Square"; break; case 5: output = @"Pentagon"; break; case 6: output = @"Hexagon"; break; case 7: output = @"Heptagon"; break; case 8: output = @"Octagon"; break; case 9: output = @"Nonagon"; break; case 10: output = @"Decagon"; break; case 11: output = @"Hendecagon"; break; case 12: output = @"Dodecabgon"; break; default: output = @"Invalid number of sides: %i is greater than maximum of five allowed."; } return output; } -(NSString *)description { NSString * output; NSLog(@"Hello I am a %i-sided polygon (aka a %@) with angles of %f degrees (%f radians).", numberOfSides, output, [self angleInDegrees], [self angleInRadiants]); return [self description]; } -(void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "PolygonShape.h" void PrintPathInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 1"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSString *path = [@"~" stringByExpandingTildeInPath]; NSLog(@"My home folder is at '%@'.", path); NSArray *pathComponent = [path pathComponents]; for (path in pathComponent) { NSLog(@"%@",path); } NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSLog(@"\n"); } void PrintProcessInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 2"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSString * processName = [[NSProcessInfo processInfo] processName]; int processIdentifier = [[NSProcessInfo processInfo] processIdentifier]; NSLog(@"Process Name: '%@', Process ID: '%i'", processName, processIdentifier); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSLog(@"\n"); } void PrintBookmarkInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 3"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSArray * keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"Stanford University", @"Apple", @"CS193P", @"Stanford on iTunes U", @"Stanford Mall", nil]; NSArray * objects = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSURL URLWithString: @"http://www.stanford.edu"], @"http://www.apple.com", @"http://cs193p.stanford.edu", @"http://itunes.stanford.edu", @"http://stanfordshop.com",nil]; NSMutableDictionary * dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:objects forKeys:keys]; NSEnumerator * enumerator = [keys objectEnumerator]; for (id keys in dictionary) { NSLog(@"key: '%@', value: '%@'", keys, [dictionary objectForKey:keys]); } NSLog(@" "); NSLog(@"These are the ones that has the prefix 'Stanford'."); NSLog(@" "); id object; while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) { if ([object hasPrefix: @"Stanford"]) { NSLog(@"key: '%@', value: '%@'", object, [dictionary objectForKey:object]); } } NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSLog(@"\n"); } void PrintIntrospectionInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 4"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); SEL lowercase = @selector (lowercaseString); NSMutableArray * array = [NSMutableArray array]; [array addObject: [NSString stringWithString: @"Here is a string"]]; [array addObject: [NSDictionary dictionary]]; [array addObject: [NSURL URLWithString: @"http://www.stanford.edu"]]; [array addObject: [[NSProcessInfo processInfo]processName]]; for (id keys in array) { NSLog(@"\n"); NSLog(@"Class Name: %@", [keys className]); NSLog(@"Is Member of NSString: %@", [keys isMemberOfClass:[NSString class]]?@"Yes":@"No"); NSLog(@"Is Kind of NSString: %@", [keys isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]?@"Yes":@"No"); if ([keys respondsToSelector: lowercase]==YES) { NSLog(@"Responds to lowercaseString: %@",[keys respondsToSelector: lowercase]?@"Yes":@"No"); NSLog(@"lowercaseString is: %@", [keys performSelector: lowercase]); } else { NSLog(@"Responds to lowercaseString: %@",[keys respondsToSelector: lowercase]?@"Yes":@"No" ); } } NSLog(@"--------------------"); } void PrintPolygonInfo() { NSMutableArray * array = [NSMutableArray array]; PolygonShape * polygon1 = [[PolygonShape alloc]initWithNumberOfSides:4 minimumNumberOfSides:3 maximumNumberOfSides:7]; [array addObject:polygon1]; [array description]; PolygonShape * polygon2 = [[PolygonShape alloc]initWithNumberOfSides:6 minimumNumberOfSides:5 maximumNumberOfSides:9]; [array addObject:polygon2]; [array description]; PolygonShape * polygon3 = [[PolygonShape alloc]initWithNumberOfSides:12 minimumNumberOfSides:9 maximumNumberOfSides:12]; [array addObject:polygon3]; [array description]; [array release]; [polygon1 release]; [polygon2 release]; [polygon3 release]; } int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; PrintPathInfo(); PrintProcessInfo(); PrintBookmarkInfo(); PrintIntrospectionInfo(); PrintPolygonInfo(); [pool release]; return 0; } //The result was "EXC_BAD_ACCESS", but I couldn't figure out how to resolve this problem.

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  • error in finding out the lexems and no of lines of a text file in C

    - by mekasperasky
    #include<stdio.h> #include<ctype.h> #include<string.h> int main() { int i=0,j,k,lines_count[2]={1,1},operand_count[2]={0},operator_count[2]={0},uoperator_count[2]={0},control_count[2]={0,0},cl[13]={0},variable_dec[2]={0,0},l,p[2]={0},ct,variable_used[2]={0,0},constant_count[2],s[2]={0},t[2]={0}; char a,b[100],c[100]; char d[100]={0}; j=30; FILE *fp1[2],*fp2; fp1[0]=fopen("program1.txt","r"); fp1[1]=fopen("program2.txt","r"); //the source file is opened in read only mode which will passed through the lexer fp2=fopen("ccv1ouput.txt","wb"); //now lets remove all the white spaces and store the rest of the words in a file if(fp1[0]==NULL) { perror("failed to open program1.txt"); //return EXIT_FAILURE; } if(fp1[1]==NULL) { perror("failed to open program2.txt"); //return EXIT_FAILURE; } i=0; k=0; ct=0; while(ct!=2) { while(!feof(fp1[ct])) { a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); if(a!=' '&&a!='\n') { if (!isalpha(a) && !isdigit(a)) { switch(a) { case '+':{ i=0; cl[0]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1;break;} case '-':{ cl[1]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1;i=0;break;} case '*':{ cl[2]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1;i=0;break;} case '/':{ cl[3]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1;i=0;break;} case '=':{a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); if (a=='='){cl[4]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1; operand_count[ct]=operand_count[ct]+1;} else { cl[5]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1; operand_count[ct]=operand_count[ct]+1; ungetc(1,fp1[ct]); } break;} case '%':{ cl[6]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1;i=0;break;} case '<':{ a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); if (a=='=') {cl[7]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1;} else { cl[8]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1; ungetc(1,fp1[ct]); } break; } case '>':{ ; a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); if (a=='='){cl[9]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1;} else { cl[10]=1; operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1; ungetc(1,fp1[ct]); } break;} case '&':{ cl[11]=1; a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1; operand_count[ct]=operand_count[ct]+1; variable_used[ct]=variable_used[ct]-1; break; } case '|':{ cl[12]=1; a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); operator_count[ct]=operator_count[ct]+1; operand_count[ct]=operand_count[ct]+1; variable_used[ct]=variable_used[ct]-1; break; } case '#':{ while(a!='\n') { a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); } } } } else { d[i]=a; i=i+1; k=k+1; } } else { //printf("%s \n",d); if((strcmp(d,"if")==0)){ memset ( d, 0, 100 ); i=0; control_count[ct]=control_count[ct]+1; } else if(strcmp(d,"then")==0){ i=0;memset ( d, 0, 100 );control_count[ct]=control_count[ct]+1;} else if(strcmp(d,"else")==0){ i=0;memset ( d, 0, 100 );control_count[ct]=control_count[ct]+1;} else if(strcmp(d,"while")==0){ i=0;memset ( d, 0, 100 );control_count[ct]=control_count[ct]+1;} else if(strcmp(d,"int")==0){ while(a != '\n') { a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); if (isalpha(a) ) variable_dec[ct]=variable_dec[ct]+1; } memset ( d, 0, 100 ); lines_count[ct]=lines_count[ct]+1; } else if(strcmp(d,"char")==0){while(a != '\n') { a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); if (isalpha(a) ) variable_dec[ct]=variable_dec[ct]+1; } memset ( d, 0, 100 ); lines_count[ct]=lines_count[ct]+1; } else if(strcmp(d,"float")==0){while(a != '\n') { a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); if (isalpha(a) ) variable_dec[ct]=variable_dec[ct]+1; } memset ( d, 0, 100 ); lines_count[ct]=lines_count[ct]+1; } else if(strcmp(d,"printf")==0){while(a!='\n') a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); memset(d,0,100); } else if(strcmp(d,"scanf")==0){while(a!='\n') a=fgetc(fp1[ct]); memset(d,0,100);} else if (isdigit(d[i-1])) { memset ( d, 0, 100 ); i=0; constant_count[ct]=constant_count[ct]+1; operand_count[ct]=operand_count[ct]+1; } else if (isalpha(d[i-1]) && strcmp(d,"int")!=0 && strcmp(d,"char")!=0 && strcmp(d,"float")!=0 && (strcmp(d,"if")!=0) && strcmp(d,"then")!=0 && strcmp(d,"else")!=0 && strcmp(d,"while")!=0 && strcmp(d,"printf")!=0 && strcmp(d,"scanf")!=0) { memset ( d, 0, 100 ); i=0; operand_count[ct]=operand_count[ct]+1; } else if(a=='\n') { lines_count[ct]=lines_count[ct]+1; memset ( d, 0, 100 ); } } } fclose(fp1[ct]); operand_count[ct]=operand_count[ct]-5; variable_used[0]=operand_count[0]-constant_count[0]; variable_used[1]=operand_count[1]-constant_count[1]; for(j=0;j<12;j++) uoperator_count[ct]=uoperator_count[ct]+cl[j]; fprintf(fp2,"\n statistics of program %d",ct+1); fprintf(fp2,"\n the no of lines ---> %d",lines_count[ct]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the no of operands --->%d",operand_count[ct]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the no of operator --->%d",operator_count[ct]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the no of control statments --->%d",control_count[ct]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the no of unique operators --->%d",uoperator_count[ct]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the no of variables declared--->%d",variable_dec[ct]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the no of variables used--->%d",variable_used[ct]); fprintf(fp2,"\n ---------------------------------"); fprintf(fp2,"\n \t \t \t"); ct=ct+1; } t[0]=lines_count[0]+control_count[0]+uoperator_count[0]; t[1]=lines_count[1]+control_count[1]+uoperator_count[1]; s[0]=operator_count[0]+operand_count[0]+variable_dec[0]+variable_used[0]; s[1]=operator_count[1]+operand_count[1]+variable_dec[1]+variable_used[1]; fprintf(fp2,"\n the time complexity of program 1 is %d",t[0]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the time complexity of program 2 is %d",t[1]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the space complexity of program 1 is %d",s[0]); fprintf(fp2,"\n the space complexity of program 2 is %d",s[1]); if((t[0]>t[1]) && (s[0] >s[1])) fprintf(fp2,"\n the efficiency of program 2 is greater than program 1"); else if(t[0]<t[1] && s[0] < s[1]) fprintf(fp2,"\n the efficiency of program 1 is greater than program 2 " ); else if (t[0]+s[0] > t[1]+s[1]) fprintf(fp2,"\n the efficiency of program 1 is greater than program 2"); else if (t[0]+s[0] < t[1]+s[1]) fprintf(fp2,"\n the efficiency of program 2 is greater than program 1"); else if (t[0]+s[0] == t[1]+s[1]) fprintf(fp2,"\n the efficiency of program 1 is equal to that of program 2"); fclose(fp2); return 0; } this code basically compares two c codes and finds out the no. of variables declared , used , no. of control statements , no. of lines and no. of unique operators , and operands , so as to find out the time complexity and space complexity of of the two programs given in the text file program1.txt and program2.txt ... Lets say program1.txt is this #include<stdio.h> #include<math.h> int main () { FILE *fp; fp=fopen("output.txt","w"); long double t,y=0,x=0,e=5,f=1,w=1; for (t=0;t<10;t=t+0.01) { //if (isnan(y) || isinf(y)) //break; fprintf(fp,"%ld\t%ld\n",y,x); y = y + ((e*(1 - (x*x))*y) - x + f*cos(w*0.1))*0.1; x = x + y*0.1; } fclose(fp); return (0); } i havent indented it as its just a text file . But my output is totally faulty . Its not able to find the any of the ouput that i need . Where is the bug in this ? I am not able to figure out as the algorithm looks fine .

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  • C++: Calling class functions within a switch

    - by user1446002
    i've been trying to study for my finals by practicing classes and inheritance, this is what I've come up with so far for inheritance and such however I'm unsure how to fix the error occuring below. #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> #include<cmath> #include<string.h> using namespace std; //BASE CLASS DEFINITION class hero { protected: string name; string mainAttr; int xp; double hp; double mana; double armour; int range; double attkDmg; bool attkType; public: void dumpData(); void getName(); void getMainAttr(); void getAttkData(); void setAttkData(string); void setBasics(string, string, double, double, double); void levelUp(); }; //CLASS FUNCTIONS void hero::dumpData() { cout << "Name: " << name << endl; cout << "Main Attribute: " << mainAttr << endl; cout << "XP: " << xp << endl; cout << "HP: " << hp << endl; cout << "Mana: " << mana << endl; cout << "Armour: " << armour << endl; cout << "Attack Range: " << range << endl; cout << "Attack Damage: " << attkDmg << endl; cout << "Attack Type: " << attkType << endl << endl; } void hero::getName() { cout << "Name: " << name << endl; } void hero::getMainAttr() { cout << "Main Attribute: " << mainAttr << endl; } void hero::getAttkData() { cout << "Attack Range: " << range << endl; cout << "Attack Damage: " << attkDmg << endl; cout << "Attack Type: " << attkType << endl; } void hero::setAttkData(string attr) { int choice = 0; if (attr == "Strength") { choice = 1; } if (attr == "Agility") { choice = 2; } if (attr == "Intelligence") { choice = 3; } switch (choice) { case 1: range = 128; attkDmg = 80.0; attkType = 0; break; case 2: range = 350; attkDmg = 60.0; attkType = 0; break; case 3: range = 600; attkDmg = 35.0; attkType = 1; break; default: break; } } void hero::setBasics(string heroName, string attribute, double health, double mp, double armourVal) { name = heroName; mainAttr = attribute; hp = health; mana = mp; armour = armourVal; } void hero::levelUp() { xp = 0; hp = hp + (hp * 0.1); mana = mana + (mana * 0.1); armour = armour + ((armour*0.1) + 1); attkDmg = attkDmg + (attkDmg * 0.05); } //INHERITED CLASS DEFINITION class neutHero : protected hero { protected: string drops; int xpGain; public: int giveXP(int); void dropItems(); }; //INHERITED CLASS FUNCTIONS int neutHero::giveXP(int exp) { xp += exp; } void neutHero::dropItems() { cout << name << " has dropped the following items: " << endl; cout << drops << endl; } /* END OF OO! */ //FUNCTION PROTOTYPES void dispMenu(); int main() { int exit=0, choice=0, mainAttrChoice=0, heroCreated=0; double health, mp, armourVal; string heroName, attribute; do { dispMenu(); cin >> choice; switch (choice) { case 1: system("cls"); cout << "Please enter your hero name: "; cin >> heroName; cout << "\nPlease enter your primary attribute\n"; cout << "1. Strength\n" << "2. Agility\n" << "3. Intelligence\n"; cin >> mainAttrChoice; switch (mainAttrChoice) { case 1: attribute = "Strength"; health = 750; mp = 150; armourVal = 2; break; case 2: attribute = "Agility"; health = 550; mp = 200; armourVal = 6; break; case 3: attribute = "Intelligence"; health = 450; mp = 450; armourVal = 1; break; default: cout << "Choice invalid, please try again."; exit = 1; break; hero player; player.setBasics(heroName, attribute, health, mp, armourVal); player.setAttkData(attribute); heroCreated=1; system("cls"); cout << "Your hero has been created!\n\n"; player.dumpData(); system("pause"); break; } case 2: system("cls"); if (heroCreated == 1) { cout << "Your hero has been detailed below.\n\n"; **player.dumpData(); //ERROR OCCURS HERE !** system("pause"); } else { cout << "You have not created a hero please exit this prompt " "and press 1 on the menu to create a hero."; } break; case 3: system("cls"); cout << "Still Under Development"; system("pause"); break; case 4: system("cls"); exit = 1; break; default: cout << "Your command has not been recognised, please try again.\n"; system("pause"); break; } } while (exit != 1); system("pause"); return 0; } void dispMenu() { system("cls"); cout << "1. Create New Hero\n" "2. View Current Hero\n" "3. Fight Stuff\n" "4. Exit\n\n" "Enter your choice: "; } However upon compilation I get the following errors: 220 `player' undeclared (first use this function) Unsure exactly how to fix it as I've only recently started using OO approach. The error has a comment next to it above and is in case 2 in the main. Cheers guys.

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  • How to Make a Game like Space Invaders - Ray Wenderlich (why do my space invaders scroll off screen)

    - by Erv Noel
    I'm following this tutorial(http://www.raywenderlich.com/51068/how-to-make-a-game-like-space-invaders-with-sprite-kit-tutorial-part-1) and I've run into a problem right after the part where I add [self determineInvaderMovementDirection]; to my GameScene.m file (specifically to my moveInvadersForUpdate method) The tutorial states that the space invaders should be moving accordingly after adding this piece of code but when I run they move to the left and they do not come back. I'm not sure what I am doing wrong as I have followed this tutorial very carefully. Any help or clarification would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance ! Here is the full GameScene.m #import "GameScene.h" #import <CoreMotion/CoreMotion.h> #pragma mark - Custom Type Definitions /* The type definition and constant definitions 1,2,3 take care of the following tasks: 1.Define the possible types of invader enemies. This can be used in switch statements later when things like displaying different sprites images for each enemy type. The typedef makes InvaderType a formal Obj-C type that is type checked for method arguments and variables.This is so that the wrong method argument is not used or assigned to the wrong variable. 2. Define the size of the invaders and that they'll be laid out in a grid of rows and columns on the screen. 3. Define a name that will be used to identify invaders when searching for them. */ //1 typedef enum InvaderType { InvaderTypeA, InvaderTypeB, InvaderTypeC } InvaderType; /* Invaders move in a fixed pattern: right, right, down, left, down, right right. InvaderMovementDirection tracks the invaders' progress through this pattern */ typedef enum InvaderMovementDirection { InvaderMovementDirectionRight, InvaderMovementDirectionLeft, InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenRight, InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenLeft, InvaderMovementDirectionNone } InvaderMovementDirection; //2 #define kInvaderSize CGSizeMake(24,16) #define kInvaderGridSpacing CGSizeMake(12,12) #define kInvaderRowCount 6 #define kInvaderColCount 6 //3 #define kInvaderName @"invader" #define kShipSize CGSizeMake(30, 16) //stores the size of the ship #define kShipName @"ship" // stores the name of the ship stored on the sprite node #define kScoreHudName @"scoreHud" #define kHealthHudName @"healthHud" /* this class extension allows you to add “private” properties to GameScene class, without revealing the properties to other classes or code. You still get the benefit of using Objective-C properties, but your GameScene state is stored internally and can’t be modified by other external classes. As well, it doesn’t clutter the namespace of datatypes that your other classes see. This class extension is used in the method didMoveToView */ #pragma mark - Private GameScene Properties @interface GameScene () @property BOOL contentCreated; @property InvaderMovementDirection invaderMovementDirection; @property NSTimeInterval timeOfLastMove; @property NSTimeInterval timePerMove; @end @implementation GameScene #pragma mark Object Lifecycle Management #pragma mark - Scene Setup and Content Creation /*This method simply invokes createContent using the BOOL property contentCreated to make sure you don’t create your scene’s content more than once. This property is defined in an Objective-C Class Extension found near the top of the file()*/ - (void)didMoveToView:(SKView *)view { if (!self.contentCreated) { [self createContent]; self.contentCreated = YES; } } - (void)createContent { //1 - Invaders begin by moving to the right self.invaderMovementDirection = InvaderMovementDirectionRight; //2 - Invaders take 1 sec for each move. Each step left, right or down // takes 1 second. self.timePerMove = 1.0; //3 - Invaders haven't moved yet, so set the time to zero self.timeOfLastMove = 0.0; [self setupInvaders]; [self setupShip]; [self setupHud]; } /* Creates an invade sprite of a given type 1. Use the invadeType parameterr to determine color of the invader 2. Call spriteNodeWithColor:size: of SKSpriteNode to alloc and init a sprite that renders as a rect of the given color invaderColor with size kInvaderSize */ -(SKNode*)makeInvaderOfType:(InvaderType)invaderType { //1 SKColor* invaderColor; switch (invaderType) { case InvaderTypeA: invaderColor = [SKColor redColor]; break; case InvaderTypeB: invaderColor = [SKColor greenColor]; break; case InvaderTypeC: invaderColor = [SKColor blueColor]; break; } //2 SKSpriteNode* invader = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithColor:invaderColor size:kInvaderSize]; invader.name = kInvaderName; return invader; } -(void)setupInvaders { //1 - loop over the rows CGPoint baseOrigin = CGPointMake(kInvaderSize.width / 2, 180); for (NSUInteger row = 0; row < kInvaderRowCount; ++row) { //2 - Choose a single InvaderType for all invaders // in this row based on the row number InvaderType invaderType; if (row % 3 == 0) invaderType = InvaderTypeA; else if (row % 3 == 1) invaderType = InvaderTypeB; else invaderType = InvaderTypeC; //3 - Does some math to figure out where the first invader // in the row should be positioned CGPoint invaderPosition = CGPointMake(baseOrigin.x, row * (kInvaderGridSpacing.height + kInvaderSize.height) + baseOrigin.y); //4 - Loop over the columns for (NSUInteger col = 0; col < kInvaderColCount; ++col) { //5 - Create an invader for the current row and column and add it // to the scene SKNode* invader = [self makeInvaderOfType:invaderType]; invader.position = invaderPosition; [self addChild:invader]; //6 - update the invaderPosition so that it's correct for the //next invader invaderPosition.x += kInvaderSize.width + kInvaderGridSpacing.width; } } } -(void)setupShip { //1 - creates ship using makeShip. makeShip can easily be used later // to create another ship (ex. to set up more lives) SKNode* ship = [self makeShip]; //2 - Places the ship on the screen. In SpriteKit the origin is at the lower //left corner of the screen. The anchorPoint is based on a unit square with (0, 0) at the lower left of the sprite's area and (1, 1) at its top right. Since SKSpriteNode has a default anchorPoint of (0.5, 0.5), i.e., its center, the ship's position is the position of its center. Positioning the ship at kShipSize.height/2.0f means that half of the ship's height will protrude below its position and half above. If you check the math, you'll see that the ship's bottom aligns exactly with the bottom of the scene. ship.position = CGPointMake(self.size.width / 2.0f, kShipSize.height/2.0f); [self addChild:ship]; } -(SKNode*)makeShip { SKNode* ship = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithColor:[SKColor greenColor] size:kShipSize]; ship.name = kShipName; return ship; } -(void)setupHud { //Sets the score label font to Courier SKLabelNode* scoreLabel = [SKLabelNode labelNodeWithFontNamed:@"Courier"]; //1 - Give the score label a name so it becomes easy to find later when // the score needs to be updated. scoreLabel.name = kScoreHudName; scoreLabel.fontSize = 15; //2 - Color the score label green scoreLabel.fontColor = [SKColor greenColor]; scoreLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Score: %04u", 0]; //3 - Positions the score label near the top left corner of the screen scoreLabel.position = CGPointMake(20 + scoreLabel.frame.size.width/2, self.size.height - (20 + scoreLabel.frame.size.height/2)); [self addChild:scoreLabel]; //Applies the font of the health label SKLabelNode* healthLabel = [SKLabelNode labelNodeWithFontNamed:@"Courier"]; //4 - Give the health label a name so it can be referenced later when it needs // to be updated to display the health healthLabel.name = kHealthHudName; healthLabel.fontSize = 15; //5 - Colors the health label red healthLabel.fontColor = [SKColor redColor]; healthLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Health: %.1f%%", 100.0f]; //6 - Positions the health Label on the upper right hand side of the screen healthLabel.position = CGPointMake(self.size.width - healthLabel.frame.size.width/2 - 20, self.size.height - (20 + healthLabel.frame.size.height/2)); [self addChild:healthLabel]; } #pragma mark - Scene Update - (void)update:(NSTimeInterval)currentTime { //Makes the invaders move [self moveInvadersForUpdate:currentTime]; } #pragma mark - Scene Update Helpers //This method will get invoked by update -(void)moveInvadersForUpdate:(NSTimeInterval)currentTime { //1 - if it's not yet time to move, exit the method. moveInvadersForUpdate: // is invoked 60 times per second, but you don't want the invaders to move // that often since the movement would be too fast to see if (currentTime - self.timeOfLastMove < self.timePerMove) return; //2 - Recall that the scene holds all the invaders as child nodes; which were // added to the scene using addChild: in setupInvaders identifying each invader // by its name property. Invoking enumerateChildNodesWithName:usingBlock only loops over the invaders because they're named kInvaderType; which makes the loop skip the ship and the HUD. The guts og the block moves the invaders 10 pixels either right, left or down depending on the value of invaderMovementDirection [self enumerateChildNodesWithName:kInvaderName usingBlock:^(SKNode *node, BOOL *stop) { switch (self.invaderMovementDirection) { case InvaderMovementDirectionRight: node.position = CGPointMake(node.position.x - 10, node.position.y); break; case InvaderMovementDirectionLeft: node.position = CGPointMake(node.position.x - 10, node.position.y); break; case InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenLeft: case InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenRight: node.position = CGPointMake(node.position.x, node.position.y - 10); break; InvaderMovementDirectionNone: default: break; } }]; //3 - Record that you just moved the invaders, so that the next time this method is invoked (1/60th of a second from when it starts), the invaders won't move again until the set time period of one second has elapsed. self.timeOfLastMove = currentTime; //Makes it so that the invader movement direction changes only when the invaders are actually moving. Invaders only move when the check on self.timeOfLastMove passes (when conditional expression is true) [self determineInvaderMovementDirection]; } #pragma mark - Invader Movement Helpers -(void)determineInvaderMovementDirection { //1 - Since local vars accessed by block are default const(means they cannot be changed), this snippet of code qualifies proposedMovementDirection with __block so that you can modify it in //2 __block InvaderMovementDirection proposedMovementDirection = self.invaderMovementDirection; //2 - Loops over the invaders in the scene and refers to the block with the invader as an argument [self enumerateChildNodesWithName:kInvaderName usingBlock:^(SKNode *node, BOOL *stop) { switch (self.invaderMovementDirection) { case InvaderMovementDirectionRight: //3 - If the invader's right edge is within 1pt of the right edge of the scene, it's about to move offscreen. Sets proposedMovementDirection so that the invaders move down then left. You compare the invader's frame(the frame that contains its content in the scene's coordinate system) with the scene width. Since the scene has an anchorPoint of (0,0) by default and is scaled to fill it's parent view, this comparison ensures you're testing against the view's edges. if (CGRectGetMaxX(node.frame) >= node.scene.size.width - 1.0f) { proposedMovementDirection = InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenLeft; *stop = YES; } break; case InvaderMovementDirectionLeft: //4 - If the invader's left edge is within 1 pt of the left edge of the scene, it's about to move offscreen. Sets the proposedMovementDirection so invaders move down then right if (CGRectGetMinX(node.frame) <= 1.0f) { proposedMovementDirection = InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenRight; *stop = YES; } break; case InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenLeft: //5 - If invaders are moving down then left, they already moved down at this point, so they should now move left. proposedMovementDirection = InvaderMovementDirectionLeft; *stop = YES; break; case InvaderMovementDirectionDownThenRight: //6 - if the invaders are moving down then right, they already moved down so they should now move right. proposedMovementDirection = InvaderMovementDirectionRight; *stop = YES; break; default: break; } }]; //7 - if the proposed invader movement direction is different than the current invader movement direction, update the current direction to the proposed direction if (proposedMovementDirection != self.invaderMovementDirection) { self.invaderMovementDirection = proposedMovementDirection; } } #pragma mark - Bullet Helpers #pragma mark - User Tap Helpers #pragma mark - HUD Helpers #pragma mark - Physics Contact Helpers #pragma mark - Game End Helpers @end

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  • How to Smooth the drawing Stroke?

    - by user1852420
    I am creating drawing.. i can undo, and put colors on it. but when i draw using my fingers the stroke is not that smooth and has edge lines,, here my codes. on which I can Paint on a view, Undo, change color, and the opacity. stroke.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface stroke : UIView{ NSMutableArray *strokeArray; UIColor *strokeColor; int strokeSize; float strokeAlpha; int strokeAlpha2; IBOutlet UISlider *slides; float red; float green; float blue; CGPoint mid1; CGPoint mid2; CGPoint endingPoint,previousPoint1,previousPoint2; CGPoint currentTouch; } @property (nonatomic, retain) UIColor *strokeColor; @property (nonatomic) int strokeSize; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *strokeArray; - (IBAction)changeAlphaValue; -(void)loadSLider; -(void)blueColor; -(void)darkvioletColor; -(void)violetColor; -(void)pinkColor; -(void)darkbrownColor; -(void)redColor; -(void)magentaRedColor; -(void)lightBrownColor; -(void)lightOrangeColor; -(void)OrangeColor; -(void)YellowColor; -(void)greenColor; -(void)lightYellowColor; -(void)darkGreenColor; -(void)TurquioseColor; -(void)PaleTurquioseColor; -(void)skyBlueColor; -(void)whiteColor; -(void)DirtyWhiteColor; -(void)SilverColor; -(void)LightGrayColor; -(void)GrayColor; -(void)LightBlackColor; -(void)BlackColor; @end stroke.m #import "stroke.h" @implementation stroke @synthesize strokeColor; @synthesize strokeSize; @synthesize strokeArray; - (void) awakeFromNib{ self.strokeArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; self.strokeColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0 green:0 blue:232 alpha:1]; self.strokeSize = 3; } - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{ NSMutableArray *stroke; for (stroke in strokeArray) { CGContextRef contextRef = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); CGContextSetLineWidth(contextRef, [[stroke objectAtIndex:1] intValue]); CGFloat *color = CGColorGetComponents([[stroke objectAtIndex:2] CGColor]); CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(contextRef, color[0], color[1], color[2], color[3]); CGContextBeginPath(contextRef); CGPoint points[[stroke count]]; for (NSUInteger i = 3; i < [stroke count]; i++) { points[i-3] = [[stroke objectAtIndex:i] CGPointValue]; } CGContextAddLines(contextRef, points, [stroke count]-3); CGContextStrokePath(contextRef); } } -(void)loadSLider{ } - (IBAction)changeAlphaValue{ strokeAlpha2 =((int)slides.value); } -(void)blueColor{ red = 0/255.0; green = 0/255.0; blue = 255/255.0; } -(void)darkvioletColor{ red = 75/255.0; green = 0/255.0; blue = 130/255.0; } -(void)violetColor{ red = 128/255.0; green = 0/255.0; blue = 128/255.0; } -(void)pinkColor{ red = 255/255.0; green = 0/255.0; blue = 255/255.0; } -(void)darkbrownColor{ red = 0.200; green = 0.0; blue = 0.0; } -(void)redColor{ red = 255/255.0; green = 0/255.0; blue = 0/255.0; } -(void)magentaRedColor{ red = 0.350; green = 0.0; blue = 0.0; } -(void)lightBrownColor{ red = 0.480; green = 0.0; blue = 0.0; } -(void)lightOrangeColor{ red = 0.600; green = 0.200; blue = 0.0; } -(void)OrangeColor{ red = 1.0; green = 0.300; blue = 0.0; } -(void)YellowColor{ red = 0.950; green = 0.450; blue = 0.0; } -(void)greenColor{ red = 0.0; green = 1.0; blue = 0.0; } -(void)lightYellowColor{ red = 1.0; green = 1.0; blue = 0.0; } -(void)darkGreenColor{ red = 0.0; green = 0.500; blue = 0.0; } -(void)TurquioseColor{ red = 0.0; green = 0.700; blue = 0.200; } -(void)PaleTurquioseColor{ red = 0.0; green = 0.700; blue = 0.600; } -(void)skyBlueColor{ red = 0.0; green = 0.400; blue = 0.800; } -(void)whiteColor{ red = 1.0; green = 1.0; blue = 1.0; } -(void)DirtyWhiteColor{ red = 0.800; green = 0.800; blue = 0.800; } -(void)SilverColor{ red = 0.600; green = 0.600; blue = 0.600; } -(void)LightGrayColor{ red = 0.500; green = 0.500; blue = 0.500; } -(void)GrayColor{ red = 0.300; green = 0.300; blue = 0.300; } -(void)LightBlackColor{ red = 0.150; green = 0.150; blue = 0.150; } -(void)BlackColor{ red = 0.0; green = 0.0; blue = 0.0; } - (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch; NSEnumerator *counter = [touches objectEnumerator]; while ((touch = (UITouch *)[counter nextObject])) { switch (strokeAlpha2) { case 1: strokeAlpha = .1; break; case 2: strokeAlpha = .2; break; case 3: strokeAlpha = .3; break; case 4: strokeAlpha = .4; break; case 5: strokeAlpha = .5; break; case 6: strokeAlpha = .6; break; case 7: strokeAlpha = .7; break; case 8: strokeAlpha = .8; break; case 9: strokeAlpha = .9; break; case 10: strokeAlpha = 1; break; default: strokeAlpha = 1; break; } self.strokeColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:red green:green blue:blue alpha:strokeAlpha]; NSValue *touchPos = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:[touch locationInView:self]]; UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithCGColor:strokeColor.CGColor]; NSNumber *size = [NSNumber numberWithInt:strokeSize]; NSMutableArray *stroke = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects: touch, size, color, touchPos, nil]; [strokeArray addObject:stroke]; } } - (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch; NSEnumerator *counter = [touches objectEnumerator]; while ((touch = (UITouch *)[counter nextObject])) { NSMutableArray *stroke; for (stroke in strokeArray) { if ([stroke objectAtIndex:0] == touch) { [stroke addObject:[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:[touch locationInView:self]]]; } [self setNeedsDisplay]; } } } @end

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  • SQL SERVER – Solution to Puzzle – Simulate LEAD() and LAG() without Using SQL Server 2012 Analytic Function

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier I wrote a series on SQL Server Analytic Functions of SQL Server 2012. During the series to keep the learning maximum and having fun, we had few puzzles. One of the puzzle was simulating LEAD() and LAG() without using SQL Server 2012 Analytic Function. Please read the puzzle here first before reading the solution : Write T-SQL Self Join Without Using LEAD and LAG. When I was originally wrote the puzzle I had done small blunder and the question was a bit confusing which I corrected later on but wrote a follow up blog post on over here where I describe the give-away. Quick Recap: Generate following results without using SQL Server 2012 analytic functions. I had received so many valid answers. Some answers were similar to other and some were very innovative. Some answers were very adaptive and some did not work when I changed where condition. After selecting all the valid answer, I put them in table and ran RANDOM function on the same and selected winners. Here are the valid answers. No Joins and No Analytic Functions Excellent Solution by Geri Reshef – Winner of SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) WITH T1 AS (SELECT Row_Number() OVER(ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) N, s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail s WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663)) SELECT SalesOrderID,SalesOrderDetailID,OrderQty, CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=0 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY (N+1)/2) ELSE MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY N/2) END LeadVal, CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=0 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY N/2) ELSE MAX(CASE WHEN N%2=1 THEN SalesOrderDetailID END) OVER (Partition BY (N+1)/2) END LagVal FROM T1 ORDER BY SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty; GO No Analytic Function and Early Bird Excellent Solution by DHall – Winner of Pluralsight 30 days Subscription -- a query to emulate LEAD() and LAG() ;WITH s AS ( SELECT 1 AS ldOffset, -- equiv to 2nd param of LEAD 1 AS lgOffset, -- equiv to 2nd param of LAG NULL AS ldDefVal, -- equiv to 3rd param of LEAD NULL AS lgDefVal, -- equiv to 3rd param of LAG ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS row, SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ) SELECT s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty, ISNULL( sLd.SalesOrderDetailID, s.ldDefVal) AS LeadValue, ISNULL( sLg.SalesOrderDetailID, s.lgDefVal) AS LagValue FROM s LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLd ON s.row = sLd.row - s.ldOffset LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLg ON s.row = sLg.row + s.lgOffset ORDER BY s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty No Analytic Function and Partition By Excellent Solution by DHall – Winner of Pluralsight 30 days Subscription /* a query to emulate LEAD() and LAG() */ ;WITH s AS ( SELECT 1 AS LeadOffset, /* equiv to 2nd param of LEAD */ 1 AS LagOffset, /* equiv to 2nd param of LAG */ NULL AS LeadDefVal, /* equiv to 3rd param of LEAD */ NULL AS LagDefVal, /* equiv to 3rd param of LAG */ /* Try changing the values of the 4 integer values above to see their effect on the results */ /* The values given above of 0, 0, null and null behave the same as the default 2nd and 3rd parameters to LEAD() and LAG() */ ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS row, SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ) SELECT s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty, ISNULL( sLead.SalesOrderDetailID, s.LeadDefVal) AS LeadValue, ISNULL( sLag.SalesOrderDetailID, s.LagDefVal) AS LagValue FROM s LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLead ON s.row = sLead.row - s.LeadOffset /* Try commenting out this next line when LeadOffset != 0 */ AND s.SalesOrderID = sLead.SalesOrderID /* The additional join criteria on SalesOrderID above is equivalent to PARTITION BY SalesOrderID in the OVER clause of the LEAD() function */ LEFT OUTER JOIN s AS sLag ON s.row = sLag.row + s.LagOffset /* Try commenting out this next line when LagOffset != 0 */ AND s.SalesOrderID = sLag.SalesOrderID /* The additional join criteria on SalesOrderID above is equivalent to PARTITION BY SalesOrderID in the OVER clause of the LAG() function */ ORDER BY s.SalesOrderID, s.SalesOrderDetailID, s.OrderQty No Analytic Function and CTE Usage Excellent Solution by Pravin Patel - Winner of SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) --CTE based solution ; WITH cteMain AS ( SELECT SalesOrderID, SalesOrderDetailID, OrderQty, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS sn FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ) SELECT m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty, sLead.SalesOrderDetailID AS leadvalue, sLeg.SalesOrderDetailID AS leagvalue FROM cteMain AS m LEFT OUTER JOIN cteMain AS sLead ON sLead.sn = m.sn+1 LEFT OUTER JOIN cteMain AS sLeg ON sLeg.sn = m.sn-1 ORDER BY m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty No Analytic Function and Co-Related Subquery Usage Excellent Solution by Pravin Patel – Winner of SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) -- Co-Related subquery SELECT m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty, ( SELECT MIN(SalesOrderDetailID) FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS l WHERE l.SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) AND l.SalesOrderID >= m.SalesOrderID AND l.SalesOrderDetailID > m.SalesOrderDetailID ) AS lead, ( SELECT MAX(SalesOrderDetailID) FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS l WHERE l.SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) AND l.SalesOrderID <= m.SalesOrderID AND l.SalesOrderDetailID < m.SalesOrderDetailID ) AS leag FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS m WHERE m.SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ORDER BY m.SalesOrderID, m.SalesOrderDetailID, m.OrderQty This was one of the most interesting Puzzle on this blog. Giveaway Winners will get following giveaways. Geri Reshef and Pravin Patel SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers (India | USA) DHall Pluralsight 30 days Subscription Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, Readers Contribution, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Should my URLs be lowercase?

    - by Rowan Freeman
    According to this blog ("Understanding SEO Friendly URL Syntax Practices") I should change http://example.com/Hello-Dolly To http://example.com/hello-dolly The reasons given are: URLs, in general, are case-sensitive it will simplify any case sensitive SEO and analytics reports According to this GIF that I found on Wikipedia's article on URL Normalization I should convert my URLs from any uppercase to all lowercase. However I use ASP.NET MVC4 and by default my URLs are structured like this (CamelCase): http://www.domain.com/Controller/Action/Parameter http://www.greatsite.com/Categories/List/Bicycles I've skimmed through the RFC1738 but I didn't see any definitive answers to this. Should I go out of my way to force the framework to change everything to lower case? Why did Microsoft choose to design their framework like this if everybody is telling me to use lowercase?

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