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  • Changing brightness in bufferedImage with DataBufferInt

    - by user2958025
    I must read some image and then I have to change brightness and contrast of this image I create main class and constructor where are panels, sliders and other stuff, I added changeListener to slider to take current value. My imagePanel is new Object of that class: public class Obrazek extends JPanel{ public static BufferedImage img = null; public Obrazek() { super(); try { img = ImageIO.read(new File("D:\\ja.jpg")); } catch (IOException e) {} } @Override public void paint(Graphics g) { g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); } } This is my load button private void przyciskWczytaj(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { int odpowiedz = jFileChooser1.showOpenDialog(this); if (odpowiedz == jFileChooser1.APPROVE_OPTION) { File file = jFileChooser1.getSelectedFile(); try { BufferedImage im = ImageIO.read(new File(file.getAbsolutePath())); Obrazek.img = im; } catch (IOException ex) { System.out.println("Error"); } } } And now I want to create class where I will change that brightness. I have to use but I don't know how to use that thing: BufferedImage(256, 256, Bufferedmage.TYPE_INT_RGB) and to get each pixel of image I need to do something like: int rgb []=((DataBufferInt)img.getRaster().getDataBuffer()).getData(); And here I is next problem: How can I change the value of each r,g,b and show that new image on my panel

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  • C++: Maybe you know this fitfall?

    - by Martijn Courteaux
    Hi, I'm developing a game. I have a header GameSystem (just methods like the game loop, no class) with two variables: int mouseX and int mouseY. These are updated in my game loop. Now I want to access them from Game.cpp file (a class built by a header-file and the source-file). So, I #include "GameSystem.h" in Game.h. After doing this I get a lot of compile errors. When I remove the include he says of course: Game.cpp:33: error: ‘mouseX’ was not declared in this scope Game.cpp:34: error: ‘mouseY’ was not declared in this scope Where I want to access mouseX and mouseY. All my .h files have Header Guards, generated by Eclipse. I'm using SDL and if I remove the lines that wants to access the variables, everything compiles and run perfectly (*). I hope you can help me... This is the error-log when I #include "GameSystem.h" (All the code he is refering to works, like explained by the (*)): In file included from ../trunk/source/domein/Game.h:14, from ../trunk/source/domein/Game.cpp:8: ../trunk/source/domein/GameSystem.h:30: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘*’ token ../trunk/source/domein/GameSystem.h:46: error: variable or field ‘InitGame’ declared void ../trunk/source/domein/GameSystem.h:46: error: ‘Game’ was not declared in this scope ../trunk/source/domein/GameSystem.h:46: error: ‘g’ was not declared in this scope ../trunk/source/domein/GameSystem.h:46: error: expected primary-expression before ‘char’ ../trunk/source/domein/GameSystem.h:46: error: expected primary-expression before ‘bool’ ../trunk/source/domein/FPS.h:46: warning: ‘void FPS_SleepMilliseconds(int)’ defined but not used This is the code which try to access the two variables: SDL_Rect pointer; pointer.x = mouseX; pointer.y = mouseY; pointer.w = 3; pointer.h = 3; SDL_FillRect(buffer, &pointer, 0xFF0000);

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  • Selecting an option with given value

    - by Maven
    I am trying to select a particular option from a select list depending on the value, I have following markup: <select name="class" id="class"> <option value="1">679460ED-0B15-4ED9-B3C8-A8C276DF1C82</option> <option value="2">B99BF873-7DF0-4E7F-95FF-3F1FD1A26139</option> <option value="3">1DCD5AD7-F57C-414</option> <option value="4">6B0170AA-F044-4F9C-8BB8-31A51E452CE4</option> <option value="5">C6A8B</option> <option value="6">1BBD6FA4-335A-4D8F-8681-DFED317B8052</option> <option value="7">727D71AB-F7D1-4B83-9D6D-6BEEAAB</option> <option value="8">BC4DE8A2-C864-4C7C-B83C-EE2450AF11B1</option> <option value="9">AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM</option> <option value="10">POWER GENERATION SYSTEM</option> </select> <script> selectThisValue('#class',3); </script> in .js function selectThisValue(element,value) { console.log(value); var elem = $(element + ' option[value=' + value + ']'); console.log(elem); elem.attr("selected", "selected"); } Results for console.log are as follows: 3 [prevObject: i.fn.i.init[1], context: document, selector: "#class option[value=3]", jquery: "1.10.2", constructor: function…] But this is not working, no errors are given but nothing happens also. Please help identifying the where am I wrong.

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  • Update list dom only if list displayed

    - by Nikolaj Borisik
    Sometimes we use one store for few views(list, carousel,dataviews) and when we refresh(load, filter) store data, dom of all view that use this store will be rebuild, but some views is not displayed in this time, and may be will not show with these data. How we can refresh list dom only if it displayed, not every time when it store refresh? Issue examle Ext.define("Test.view.Main", { extend: 'Ext.tab.Panel', config: { tabBarPosition: 'bottom', items: [ ] }, constructor : function(){ this.callParent(arguments); var store = Ext.create('Ext.data.Store',{ data :[ {title : 'One'}, {title : 'Two'}, {title : 'Three'} ] }), firstList = Ext.create('Ext.List',{ title : 'tab1', store : store, itemTpl : '{title}', onItemDisclosure : function(){ store.add({title : 'Four'}); } }), secondList = Ext.create('Ext.List',{ title : 'tab2' , store : store, itemTpl : '{title}' }), thirdList = Ext.create('Ext.List',{ title : 'tab3', store : store, itemTpl : '{title}' }); this.add([ firstList, secondList, thirdList ]) ; } }); When tap on item in the first list, in store will be added new item. And dom of all list will be change although second and third list not displayed I see one option. Create one main store and create separate stores for each views. And when view show fill it store from Main store. But it look not good. Any other ideas?

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  • Pass arguments to a parameter class object

    - by David R
    This is undoubtedly a simple question. I used to do this before, but it's been around 10 years since I worked in C++ so I can't remember properly and I can't get a simple constructor call working. The idea is that instead of parsing the args in main, main would create an object specifically designed to parse the arguments and return them as required. So: Parameters params = new Parameters(argc, argv) then I can call things like params.getfile() Only problem is I'm getting a complier error in Visual Studio 2008 and I'm sure this is simple, but I think my mind is just too rusty. What I've got so far is really basic: In the main: #include "stdafx.h" #include "Parameters.h" int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { Parameters params = new Parameters(argc, argv); return 0; } Then in the Parameters header: #pragma once class Parameters { public: Parameters(int, _TCHAR*[]); ~Parameters(void); }; Finally in the Parameters class: include "Stdafx.h" #include "Parameters.h" Parameters::Parameters(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { } Parameters::~Parameters(void) { } I would appreciate if anyone could see where my ageing mind has missed the really obvious. Thanks in advance.

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  • SWIG: From Plain C++ to working Wrapper

    - by duckworthd
    Hi everyone. I've been trying to create a SWIG wrapper for this tiny little C++ class for the better part of 3 hours with no success, so I was hoping one of you out there could lend me a small hand. I have the following class: #include <stdio.h> class Example { public: Example(); ~Example(); int test(); }; #include "example.h" Along with the implementation: Example::Example() { printf("Example constructor called\n"); } Example::~Example() { printf("Example destructor called\n"); } int Example::test() { printf("Holy shit, I work!\n"); return 42; } I've read through the introduction page ( www.swig.org/Doc1.3/Java.html ) a few times without gaining a whole lot of insight into the situation. My steps were Create an example.i file Compile original alongside example_wrap.cxx (no linking) link resulting object files together Create a little java test file (see below) javac all .java files there and run Well steps 4 and 5 have created a host of problems for me, starting with the basic ( library 'example' not found due to not being in java's path ) to the weird ( library not found even unless LD_LIBRARY_PATH is set to something, even if it's nothing at all). I've included my little testing code below public class test2 { static { String libpath = System.getProperty("java.library.path"); String currentDir = System.getProperty("user.dir"); System.setProperty("java.library.path", currentDir + ":" + libpath); System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.library.path")); System.loadLibrary("example"); } public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.println("It loads!"); } } Well, if anyone has navigated these murky waters of wrapping, I could not be happier than if you could light the way, particularly if you could provide the example.i and bash commands to go along with it.

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  • useer degined Copy ctor, and copy-ctors further down the chain - compiler bug ? programers brainbug

    - by J.Colmsee
    Hi. i have a little problem, and I am not sure if it's a compiler bug, or stupidity on my side. I have this struct : struct BulletFXData { int time_next_fx_counter; int next_fx_steps; Particle particles[2];//this is the interesting one ParticleManager::ParticleId particle_id[2]; }; The member "Particle particles[2]" has a self-made kind of smart-ptr in it (resource-counted texture-class). this smart-pointer has a default constructor, that initializes to the ptr to 0 (but that is not important) I also have another struct, containing the BulletFXData struct : struct BulletFX { BulletFXData data; BulletFXRenderFunPtr render_fun_ptr; BulletFXUpdateFunPtr update_fun_ptr; BulletFXExplosionFunPtr explode_fun_ptr; BulletFXLifetimeOverFunPtr lifetime_over_fun_ptr; BulletFX( BulletFXData data, BulletFXRenderFunPtr render_fun_ptr, BulletFXUpdateFunPtr update_fun_ptr, BulletFXExplosionFunPtr explode_fun_ptr, BulletFXLifetimeOverFunPtr lifetime_over_fun_ptr) :data(data), render_fun_ptr(render_fun_ptr), update_fun_ptr(update_fun_ptr), explode_fun_ptr(explode_fun_ptr), lifetime_over_fun_ptr(lifetime_over_fun_ptr) { } /* //USER DEFINED copy-ctor. if it's defined things go crazy BulletFX(const BulletFX& rhs) :data(data),//this line of code seems to do a plain memory-copy without calling the right ctors render_fun_ptr(render_fun_ptr), update_fun_ptr(update_fun_ptr), explode_fun_ptr(explode_fun_ptr), lifetime_over_fun_ptr(lifetime_over_fun_ptr) { } */ }; If i use the user-defined copy-ctor my smart-pointer class goes crazy, and it seems that calling the CopyCtor / assignment operator aren't called as they should. So - does this all make sense ? it seems as if my own copy-ctor of struct BulletFX should do exactly what the compiler-generated would, but it seems to forget to call the right constructors down the chain. compiler bug ? me being stupid ? Sorry about the big code, some small example could have illustrated too. but often you guys ask for the real code, so well - here it is :D

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  • Generics in return types of static methods and inheritance

    - by Axel
    Generics in return types of static methods do not seem to get along well with inheritance. Please take a look at the following code: class ClassInfo<C> { public ClassInfo(Class<C> clazz) { this(clazz,null); } public ClassInfo(Class<C> clazz, ClassInfo<? super C> superClassInfo) { } } class A { public static ClassInfo<A> getClassInfo() { return new ClassInfo<A>(A.class); } } class B extends A { // Error: The return type is incompatible with A.getClassInfo() public static ClassInfo<B> getClassInfo() { return new ClassInfo<B>(B.class, A.getClassInfo()); } } I tried to circumvent this by changing the return type for A.getClassInfo(), and now the error pops up at another location: class ClassInfo<C> { public ClassInfo(Class<C> clazz) { this(clazz,null); } public ClassInfo(Class<C> clazz, ClassInfo<? super C> superClassInfo) { } } class A { public static ClassInfo<? extends A> getClassInfo() { return new ClassInfo<A>(A.class); } } class B extends A { public static ClassInfo<? extends B> getClassInfo() { // Error: The constructor ClassInfo<B>(Class<B>, ClassInfo<capture#1-of ? extends A>) is undefined return new ClassInfo<B>(B.class, A.getClassInfo()); } } What is the reason for this strict checking on static methods? And how can I get along? Changing the method name seems awkward.

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  • Basic SWIG C++ use for Java

    - by duckworthd
    I've programmed a couple years in both C++ and Java, but I've finally come to a point where I need to bring a little unification between the two -- ideally, using SWIG. I've written a tiny and fairly pointless little class called Example: #include <stdio.h> class Example { public: Example(); ~Example(); int test(); }; #include "example.h" Example::Example() { printf("Example constructor called\n"); } Example::~Example() { printf("Example destructor called\n"); } int Example::test() { printf("Holy sh*t, I work!\n"); return 42; } And a corresponding interface file: /* File: example.i */ %module test %{ #include "example.h" %} %include "example.h" Now I have questions. Firstly, when I want to actually run SWIG initially, am I supposed to use the example_wrap.c (from swig -java example.i) or example_wrap.cxx (from swig -c++ example.i) file when recompiling with my original example.cpp? Or perhaps both? I tried both and the latter seemed most likely, but when I recompile as so: g++ example.cpp example_wrap.cxx -I/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-.../include/ I get a host of errors regarding TcL of all things, asking me for the tcl.h header. I can't even wrap my mind around why it wants that much less needs it, and as such have found myself where I don't even know how to begin using SWIG.

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  • What are the original reasons for ToString() in Java and .NET?

    - by d.
    I've used ToString() modestly in the past and I've found it very useful in many circumstances. However, my usage of this method would hardly justify to put this method in none other than System.Object. My wild guess is that, at some point during the work carried out and meetings held to come up with the initial design of the .NET framework, it was decided that it was necessary - or at least extremely useful - to include a ToString() method that would be implemented by everything in the .NET framework. Does anyone know what the exact reasons were? Am I missing a ton of situations where ToString() proves useful enough as to be part of System.Object? What were the original reasons for ToString()? Thanks a lot! PS - Again: I'm not questioning the method or implying that it's not useful, I'm just curious to know what makes it SO useful as to be placed in System.Object. Side note - Imagine this: AnyDotNetNativeClass someInitialObject = new AnyDotNetNativeClass([some constructor parameters]); AnyDotNetNativeClass initialObjectFullCopy = AnyDotNetNativeClass.FromString(someInitialObject.ToString()); Wouldn't this be cool? EDIT(1): (A) - Based on some answers, it seems that .NET languages inherited this from Java. So, I'm adding "Java" to the subject and to the tags as well. If someone knows the reasons why this was implemented in Java then please shed some light! (B) - Static hypothetical FromString vs Serialization: sure, but that's quite a different story, right?

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  • Can a custom MFC window/dialog be a class template instantiation?

    - by John
    There's a bunch of special macros that MFC uses when creating dialogs, and in my quick tests I'm getting weird errors trying to compile a template dialog class. Is this likely to be a big pain to achieve? Here's what I tried: MyDlg.h template <class W> class CMyDlg : public CDialog { typedef CDialog super; DECLARE_DYNAMIC(CMyDlg <W>) public: CMyDlg (CWnd* pParent); // standard constructor virtual ~CMyDlg (); // Dialog Data enum { IDD = IDD_MYDLG }; protected: virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX); // DDX/DDV support DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP() private: W *m_pWidget; //W will always be a CDialog }; IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC(CMyDlg<W>, super) <------------------- template <class W> CMyDlg<W>::CMyDlg(CWnd* pParent) : super(CMyDlg::IDD, pParent) { m_pWidget = new W(this); } I get a whole bunch of errors but main one appears to be: error C2955: 'CMyDlg' : use of class template requires template argument list I tried using some specialised template versions of macros but it doesn't help much, other errors change but this one remains. Note my code is all in one file, since C++ templates don't like .h/.cpp like normal. I'm assuming someone must have done this in the past, possibly creating custom versions of macros, but I can't find it by searching, since 'template' has other meanings.

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  • XNA: What can cause SpriteBatch.End() to throw a NRE?

    - by Rosarch
    I don't understand what I'm doing wrong here: public void Draw(GameTime gameTime) // in ScreenManager { SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.AlphaBlend); for (int i = 0; i < Screens.Count; i++) { if (Screens[i].State == Screen.ScreenState.HIDDEN) continue; Screens[i].Draw(gameTime); } SpriteBatch.End(); // null ref exception } SpriteBatch itself is not null. Some more context: public class MasterEngine : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { public MasterEngine() { graphicsDeviceManager = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Components.Add(new GamerServicesComponent(this)); // ... spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(graphicsDeviceManager.GraphicsDevice); screenManager = new ScreenManager(assets, gameEngine, graphicsDeviceManager.GraphicsDevice, spriteBatch); } //... protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { screenManager.Draw(gameTime); // calls the problematic method base.Draw(gameTime); } } Am I failing to initialize something properly? UPDATE: As an experiment, I tried this to the constructor of MasterEngine: spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(graphicsDeviceManager.GraphicsDevice); spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.DrawString(assets.GetAsset<SpriteFont>("calibri"), "ftw", new Vector2(), Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); This does not cause a NRE. hmm.... UPDATE 2: This does cause an NRE: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.End(); // boned here //screenManager.Draw(gameTime); base.Draw(gameTime); }

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  • Modifying bundled properties from visitor

    - by ravenspoint
    How should I modify the bundled properties of a vertex from inside a visitor? I would like to use the simple method of sub-scripting the graph, but the graph parameter passed into the visitor is const, so compiler disallows changes. I can store a reference to the graph in the visitor, but this seems weird. /** A visitor which identifies vertices as leafs or trees */ class bfs_vis_leaf_finder:public default_bfs_visitor { public: /** Constructor @param[in] total reference to int variable to store total number of leaves @param[in] g reference to graph ( used to modify bundled properties ) */ bfs_vis_leaf_finder( int& total, graph_t& g ) : myTotal( total ), myGraph( g ) { myTotal = 0; } /** Called when the search finds a new vertex If the vertex has no children, it is a leaf and the total leaf count is incremented */ template <typename Vertex, typename Graph> void discover_vertex( Vertex u, Graph& g) { if( out_edges( u, g ).first == out_edges( u, g ).second ) { myTotal++; //g[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::leaf; myGraph[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::leaf; } else { //g[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::tree; myGraph[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::tree; } } int& myTotal; graph_t& myGraph; };

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  • convert a textview, including those contents off the screen, to bitmap

    - by user623318
    Hi, I want to save(export) contents of MyView, which extends TextView, into a bitmap. I followed the code: [this][1]. It works fine when the size of the text is small. But when there are lots of texts, and some of the content is out of the screen, what I got is only what showed in the screen. Then I add a "layout" in my code: private class MyView extends TextView{ public MyView(Context context) { super(context); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public Bitmap export(){ Layout l = getLayout(); int width = l.getWidth() + getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight(); int height = l.getHeight() + getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom(); Bitmap viewBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(viewBitmap); setCursorVisible(false); layout(0, 0, width, height); draw(canvas); setCursorVisible(true); return viewBitmap; } } Now the strange thing happened: The first time I invoke "export"(I use an option key to do that), I got contents only on the screen. When I invoke "export" again, I got complete contents, including those out of the screen. Why? How to "export" a view, including contents cannot be showed on the screen? Thank you! [1]: http://www.techjini.com/blog/2010/02/10/quicktip-how-to-convert-a-view-to-an-image-android/ this

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  • How to use StructureMap to inject repository classes to the controller?

    - by Lorenzo
    In the current application I am working on I have a custom ControllerFactory class that create a controller and automatically sets the Elmah ErrorHandler. public class BaseControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory { public override IController CreateController( RequestContext requestContext, string controllerName ) { var controller = base.CreateController( requestContext, controllerName ); var c = controller as Controller; if ( c != null ) { c.ActionInvoker = new ErrorHandlingActionInvoker( new HandleErrorWithElmahAttribute() ); } return controller; } protected override IController GetControllerInstance( RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType ) { try { if ( ( requestContext == null ) || ( controllerType == null ) ) return base.GetControllerInstance( requestContext, controllerType ); return (Controller)ObjectFactory.GetInstance( controllerType ); } catch ( StructureMapException ) { System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine( ObjectFactory.WhatDoIHave() ); throw new Exception( ObjectFactory.WhatDoIHave() ); } } } I would like to use StructureMap to inject some code in my controllers. For example I would like to automatically inject repository classes in them. I have already created my repository classes and also I have added a constructor to the controller that receive the repository class public FirmController( IContactRepository contactRepository ) { _contactRepository = contactRepository; } I have then registered the type within StructureMap ObjectFactory.Initialize( x => { x.For<IContactRepository>().Use<MyContactRepository>(); }); How should I change the code in the CreateController method to have the IContactRepository concrete class injected in the FirmController? EDIT: I have changed the BaseControllerFactory to use Structuremap. But I get an exception on the line return (Controller)ObjectFactory.GetInstance( controllerType ); Any hint?

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  • Injecting the application TransactionManager into a JPA EntityListener

    - by nodje
    I want to use the JPA EntityListener to support spring security ACLs. On @PostPersist events, I create a permission corresponding to the persisted entity. I need this operation to participate to the current Transaction. For this to happen I need to have a reference to the application TransactionManager in the EntityListener. The problem is, Spring can't manage the EntityListener as it is created automatically when EntityManagerFactory is instantiated. And in a classic Spring app, the EntityManagerFactory is itself created during the TransactioManager instantiation. <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean> So I have no way to inject the TransactionManager with the constructor, as it is not yet instantiated. Making the EntityManager a @Component create another instance of the EntityManager. Implementing InitiliazingBean and using afterPropertySet() doesn't work as it's not a Spring managed bean. Any idea would be helpful as I'm stuck and out of ideas.

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  • Guru of the Week 2 no match for the operator==

    - by Adam
    From Guru of the Week 2. We have the function: string FindAddr(const list<Employee> l, string name) { for( list<Employee>::const_iterator i = l.begin(); i != l.end(); i++) { if( *i == name ) // here will be compilation error { return (*i).addr; } } return ""; } I added dummy Employee class to that: class Employee { string n; public: string addr; Employee(string name) : n(name) {} Employee() {} string name() const { return n; } operator string() { return n; } }; And got compilation error: error: no match for ‘operator==’ in ‘i.std::_List_iterator<_Tp>::operator* [with _Tp = Employee]() == name’ It works only if add operator== to Employee. But, Herb Sutter wrote that: The Employee class isn't shown, but for this to work it must either have a conversion to string or a conversion ctor taking a string. But Employee has a conversion function and conversion constructor as well. GCC version 4.4.3. Compiled normally, g++ file.cpp without any flags. There should be implicit conversion and it should work, why it doesn't?

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  • [Java] Safe way of exposing keySet().

    - by Jake
    This must be a fairly common occurrence where I have a map and wish to thread-safely expose its key set: public MyClass { Map<String,String> map = // ... public final Set<String> keys() { // returns key set } } Now, if my "map" is not thread-safe, this is not safe: public final Set<String> keys() { return map.keySet(); } And neither is: public final Set<String> keys() { return Collections.unmodifiableSet(map.keySet()); } So I need to create a copy, such as: public final Set<String> keys() { return new HashSet(map.keySet()); } However, this doesn't seem safe either because that constructor traverses the elements of the parameter and add()s them. So while this copying is going on, a ConcurrentModificationException can happen. So then: public final Set<String> keys() { synchronized(map) { return new HashSet(map.keySet()); } } seems like the solution. Does this look right?

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  • Vector does reallocation on every push_back

    - by Amrish
    IDE - Visual Studio 2008, Visual C++ I have a custom class Class1 with a copy constructor to it. I also have a vector Data is inserted using the following code Class1* objClass1; vector<Class1> vClass1; for(int i=0;i<1000;i++) { objClass1 = new Class1(); vClass1.push_back(*objClass1); delete objClass1; } Now on every insert, the vector gets re-allocated and all the existing contents are copied to new locations. For example, if the vector has 5 elements and if I insert the 6th one, the previous 5 elements along with the new one gets copied to a new location (I figured it out by adding log statements in the copy constructors.) On using reserve(), this however does not happen as expected! I have the following questions Is it mandatory to always use the reserve statement? Does vector does a reallocation every time I do a push_back; or does it happen because I am debugging?

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  • Proper structure for dependency injection (using Guice)

    - by David B.
    I would like some suggestions and feedback on the best way to structure dependency injection for a system with the structure described below. I'm using Guice and thus would prefer solutions centered around it's annotation-based declarations, not XML-heavy Spring-style configuration. Consider a set of similar objects, Ball, Box, and Tube, each dependent on a Logger, supplied via the constructor. (This might not be important, but all four classes happen to be singletons --- of the application, not Gang-of-Four, variety.) A ToyChest class is responsible for creating and managing the three shape objects. ToyChest itself is not dependent on Logger, aside from creating the shape objects which are. The ToyChest class is instantiated as an application singleton in a Main class. I'm confused about the best way to construct the shapes in ToyChest. I either (1) need access to a Guice Injector instance already attached to a Module binding Logger to an implementation or (2) need to create a new Injector attached to the right Module. (1) is accomplished by adding an @Inject Injector injectorfield to ToyChest, but this feels weird because ToyChest doesn't actually have any direct dependencies --- only those of the children it instantiates. For (2), I'm not sure how to pass in the appropriate Module. Am I on the right track? Is there a better way to structure this? The answers to this question mention passing in a Provider instead of using the Injector directly, but I'm not sure how that is supposed to work. EDIT: Perhaps a more simple question is: when using Guice, where is the proper place to construct the shapes objects? ToyChest will do some configuration with them, but I suppose they could be constructed elsewhere. ToyChest (as the container managing them), and not Main, just seems to me like the appropriate place to construct them.

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  • How to retrieve data from a dialog box?

    - by Ralph
    Just trying to figure out an easy way to either pass or share some data between the main window and a dialog box. I've got a collection of variables in my main window that I want to pass to a dialog box so that they can be edited. They way I've done it now, is I pass in the list to the constructor of the dialog box: private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { var window = new VariablesWindow(_templateVariables); window.Owner = this; window.ShowDialog(); if(window.DialogResult == true) _templateVariables = new List<Variable>(window.Variables); } And then in there, I guess I need to deep-copy the list, public partial class VariablesWindow : Window { public ObservableCollection<Variable> Variables { get; set; } public VariablesWindow(IEnumerable<Variable> vars) { Variables = new ObservableCollection<Variable>(vars); // ... So that when they're edited, it doesn't get reflected back in the main window until the user actually hits "Save". Is that the correct approach? If so, is there an easy way to deep-copy an ObservableCollection? Because as it stands now, I think my Variables are being modified because it's only doing a shallow-copy.

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  • Delphi: EInvalidOp in neural network class (TD-lambda)

    - by user89818
    I have the following draft for a neural network class. This neural network should learn with TD-lambda. It is started by calling the getRating() function. But unfortunately, there is an EInvalidOp (invalid floading point operation) error after about 1000 iterations in the following lines: neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda Why is this error? I can't find the mistake in my code :( Can you help me? Thank you very much in advance! unit uNeuronalesNetz; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, Grids, Menus, Math; const NEURONS_INPUT = 43; // number of neurons in the input layer NEURONS_HIDDEN = 60; // number of neurons in the hidden layer NEURONS_OUTPUT = 1; // number of neurons in the output layer NEURONS_TOTAL = NEURONS_INPUT+NEURONS_HIDDEN+NEURONS_OUTPUT; // total number of neurons in the network MAX_TIMESTEPS = 42; // maximum number of timesteps possible (after 42 moves: board is full) LEARNING_RATE_INPUT = 0.25; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN = 0.15; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training GAMMA = 0.9; LAMBDA = 0.7; // decay parameter for eligibility traces type TFeatureVector = Array[1..43] of SmallInt; // definition of the array type TFeatureVector TArtificialNeuralNetwork = class // definition of the class TArtificialNeuralNetwork private // GENERAL SETTINGS START learningMode: Boolean; // does the network learn and change its weights? // GENERAL SETTINGS END // NETWORK CONFIGURATION START neuronsInput: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Extended; // array of all input neurons (their values) for every timestep neuronsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of all hidden neurons (their values) neuronsOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of output neurons (their values) weightsInput: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of weights: input->hidden weightsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of weights: hidden->output // NETWORK CONFIGURATION END // LEARNING SETTINGS START outputBefore: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's output value in the last timestep (the one before) eligibilityTraceHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: hidden layer eligibilityTraceOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: output layer reward: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the reward value for all output neurons in every timestep tdError: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's error value for every single output neuron t: Byte; // current timestep cyclesTrained: Integer; // number of cycles trained so far (learning rates could be decreased accordingly) last50errors: Array[1..50] of Extended; // LEARNING SETTINGS END public constructor Create; // create the network object and do the initialization procedure UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the hidden and output layer procedure tdLearning; // learning algorithm: adjust the network's weights procedure ForwardPropagation; // propagate the input values through the network to the output layer function getRating(state: TFeatureVector; explorative: Boolean): Extended; // get the rating for a given state (feature vector) function HyperbolicTangent(x: Extended): Extended; // calculate the hyperbolic tangent [-1;1] procedure StartNewCycle; // start a new cycle with everything set to default except for the weights procedure setLearningMode(activated: Boolean=TRUE); // switch the learning mode on/off procedure setInputs(state: TFeatureVector); // transfer the given feature vector to the input layer (set input neurons' values) procedure setReward(currentReward: SmallInt); // set the reward for the current timestep (with learning then or without) procedure nextTimeStep; // increase timestep t function getCyclesTrained(): Integer; // get the number of cycles trained so far procedure Visualize(imgHidden: Pointer); // visualize the neural network's hidden layer end; implementation procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.UpdateEligibilityTraces; var i, j, k: Integer; begin // how worthy is a weight to be adjusted? for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*neuronsHidden[j]; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*weightsHidden[j][k]*neuronsHidden[j]*(1-neuronsHidden[j])*neuronsInput[t][i]; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setReward; VAR i: Integer; begin for i := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin // +1 = player A wins // 0 = draw // -1 = player B wins reward[t][i] := currentReward; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.tdLearning; var i, j, k: Integer; begin if learningMode then begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin if reward[t][k] = 0 then begin tdError[k] := GAMMA*neuronsOutput[k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value when reward is 0 end else begin tdError[k] := reward[t][k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value in the final state (reward received) end; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := weightsInput[i][j]+LEARNING_RATE_INPUT*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]; // adjust input->hidden weights according to TD-lambda end; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.ForwardPropagation; var i, j, k: Integer; begin for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden end; neuronsHidden[j] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsHidden[j]); // activation of hidden neuron j end; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsOutput[k] := neuronsOutput[k]+neuronsHidden[j]*weightsHidden[j][k]; // hidden -> output end; neuronsOutput[k] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsOutput[k]); // activation of output neuron k end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setLearningMode; begin learningMode := activated; end; constructor TArtificialNeuralNetwork.Create; var i, j, k: Integer; begin inherited Create; Randomize; // initialize random numbers generator learningMode := TRUE; cyclesTrained := -2; // only set to -2 because it will be increased twice in the beginning StartNewCycle; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; end; for i := 1 to 50 do begin last50errors[i] := 0; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.nextTimeStep; begin t := t+1; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.StartNewCycle; var i, j, k, m: Integer; begin t := 1; // start in timestep 1 cyclesTrained := cyclesTrained+1; // increase the number of cycles trained so far for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := 0; outputBefore[k] := 0; neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for m := 1 to MAX_TIMESTEPS do begin reward[m][k] := 0; end; end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := 0; end; end; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getCyclesTrained; begin result := cyclesTrained; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setInputs; var k: Integer; begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsInput[t][k] := state[k]; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getRating; begin setInputs(state); ForwardPropagation; result := neuronsOutput[1]; if not explorative then begin tdLearning; // adjust the weights according to TD-lambda ForwardPropagation; // calculate the network's output again outputBefore[1] := neuronsOutput[1]; // set outputBefore which will then be used in the next timestep UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the next timestep nextTimeStep; // go to the next timestep end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.HyperbolicTangent; begin if x > 5500 then // prevent overflow result := 1 else result := (Exp(2*x)-1)/(Exp(2*x)+1); end; end.

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  • How do I set up the python/c library correctly?

    - by Bartvbl
    I have been trying to get the python/c library to like my mingW compiler. The python online doncumentation; http://docs.python.org/c-api/intro.html#include-files only mentions that I need to import the python.h file. I grabbed it from the installation directory (as is required on the windows platform), and tested it by compiling the script: #include "Python.h". This compiled fine. Next, I tried out the snippet of code shown a bit lower on the python/c API page: PyObject *t; t = PyTuple_New(3); PyTuple_SetItem(t, 0, PyInt_FromLong(1L)); PyTuple_SetItem(t, 1, PyInt_FromLong(2L)); PyTuple_SetItem(t, 2, PyString_FromString("three")); For some reason, the compiler would compile the code if I'd remove the last 4 lines (so that only the pyObject variable definition would be left), yet calling the actual constructor of the tuple returned errors. I am probably missing something completely obvious here, given I am very new to C, but does anyone know what it is?

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  • Reordering fields in Django model

    - by Alex Lebedev
    I want to add few fields to every model in my django application. This time it's created_at, updated_at and notes. Duplicating code for every of 20+ models seems dumb. So, I decided to use abstract base class which would add these fields. The problem is that fields inherited from abstract base class come first in the field list in admin. Declaring field order for every ModelAdmin class is not an option, it's even more duplicate code than with manual field declaration. In my final solution, I modified model constructor to reorder fields in _meta before creating new instance: class MyModel(models.Model): # Service fields notes = my_fields.NotesField() created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) class Meta: abstract = True last_fields = ("notes", "created_at", "updated_at") def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): new_order = [f.name for f in self._meta.fields] for field in self.last_fields: new_order.remove(field) new_order.append(field) self._meta._field_name_cache.sort(key=lambda x: new_order.index(x.name)) super(TwangooModel, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) class ModelA(MyModel): field1 = models.CharField() field2 = models.CharField() #etc ... It works as intended, but I'm wondering, is there a better way to acheive my goal?

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  • How to keep track of call statistics? C++

    - by tf.rz
    I'm working on a project that delivers statistics to the user. I created a class called Dog, And it has several functions. Speak, woof, run, fetch, etc. I want to have a function that spits out how many times each function has been called. I'm also interested in the constructor calls and destructor calls as well. I have a header file which defines all the functions, then a separate .cc file that implements them. My question is, is there a way to keep track of how many times each function is called? I have a function called print that will fetch the "statistics" and then output them to standard output. I was considering using static integers as part of the class itself, declaring several integers to keep track of those things. I know the compiler will create a copy of the integer and initialize it to a minimum value, and then I'll increment the integers in the .cc functions. I also thought about having static integers as a global variable in the .cc. Which way is easier? Or is there a better way to do this? Any help is greatly appreciated!

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