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  • How to snap a 2D Quad to the mouse cursor using OpenGL 3.0/WIN32?

    - by NoobScratcher
    I've been having issues trying to snap a 2D Quad to the mouse cursor position I'm able : 1.) To get values into posX, posY, posZ 2.) Translate with the values from those 3 variables But the quad positioning I'm not able to do correctly in such a way that the 2D Quad is near the mouse cursor using those values from those 3 variables eg."posX, posY, posZ" I need the mouse cursor in the center of the 2D Quad. I'm hoping someone can help me achieve this. I've tried searching around with no avail. Heres the function that is ment to do the snapping but instead creates weird flicker or shows nothing at all only the 3d models show up : void display() { glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); for(std::vector<GLuint>::iterator I = cube.begin(); I != cube.end(); ++I) { glCallList(*I); } if(DrawArea == true) { glReadPixels(winX, winY, 1, 1, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, &winZ); cerr << winZ << endl; glGetDoublev(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, modelview); glGetDoublev(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projection); glGetIntegerv(GL_VIEWPORT, viewport); gluUnProject(winX, winY, winZ , modelview, projection, viewport, &posX, &posY, & posZ); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, DrawAreaTexture); glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_DECAL); glTexImage2D (GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, DrawAreaSurface->w, DrawAreaSurface->h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, DrawAreaSurface->pixels); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, DrawAreaTexture); glTranslatef(posX , posY, posZ); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glTexCoord2f (0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f (1.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f (1.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0, 0, 0); glTexCoord2f (0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.5, 0, 0); glEnd(); } SwapBuffers(hDC); } I'm using : OpenGL 3.0 WIN32 API C++ GLSL if you really want the full source here it is - http://pastebin.com/1Ncm9HNf , Its pretty messy.

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  • Collision rectangle response

    - by dotty
    I'm having difficulties getting a moveable rectangle to collide with more than one rectangle. I'm using SFML and it has a handy function called Intersect() which takes 2 rectangles and returns the intersections. I have a vector full of rectangles which I want my moveable rectangle to collide with. I'm looping through this using the following code (p is the moveble rectangle). IsCollidingWith returns a bool but also uses SFML's Interesect to work out the intersections. while(unsigned i = 0; i!= testRects.size(); i++){ if(p.IsCollidingWith(testRects[i]){ p.Collide(testRects[i]); } } and the actual Collide() code void gameObj::collide( gameObj collidingObject ){ printf("%f %f\n", this->colliderResult.width, this->colliderResult.height); if (this->colliderResult.width < this->colliderResult.height) { // collided on X if (this->getCollider().left < collidingObject.getCollider().left ) { this->move( -this->colliderResult.width , 0); }else { this->move( this->colliderResult.width, 0 ); } } if(this->colliderResult.width > this->colliderResult.height){ if (this->getCollider().top < collidingObject.getCollider().top ) { this->move( 0, -this->colliderResult.height); }else { this->move( 0, this->colliderResult.height ); } } } and the IsCollidingWith() code is bool gameObj::isCollidingWith( gameObj testObject ){ if (this->getCollider().intersects( testObject.getCollider(), this->colliderResult )) { return true; }else { return false; } } This works fine when there's only 1 Rect in the scene. However, when there's move than one Rect it causes issue when working out 2 collisions at once. Any idea how to deal with this correctly? I have uploaded a video to youtube to show my problem. The console on the far-right shows the width and height of the intersections. You can see on the console that it's trying to calculate 2 collisions at once, I think this is where the problem is being caused. The youtube video is at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fA2gflOMcAk also , this image also seems to illustrate the problem nicely. Can someone please help, I've been stuck on this all weekend!

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  • 2D collision resolving

    - by Philippe Paré
    I've just worked out an AABB collision algorithm for my 2D game and I was very satisfied until I found out it only works properly with movements of 1 in X and 1 in Y... here it is: public bool Intersects(Rectanglef rectangle) { return this.Left < rectangle.Right && this.Right > rectangle.Left && this.Top < rectangle.Bottom && this.Bottom > rectangle.Top; } public bool IntersectsAny(params Rectanglef[] rectangles) { for (int i = 0; i < rectangles.Length; i++) { if (this.Left < rectangles[i].Right && this.Right > rectangles[i].Left && this.Top < rectangles[i].Bottom && this.Bottom > rectangles[i].Top) return true; } return false; } and here is how I use it in the update function of my player : public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { Rectanglef nextPosX = new Rectanglef(AABB.X, AABB.Y, AABB.Width, AABB.Height); Rectanglef nextPosY; if (Input.Key(Key.Left)) nextPosX.X--; if (Input.Key(Key.Right)) nextPosX.X++; bool xFree = !nextPosX.IntersectsAny(Boxes.ToArray()); if (xFree) nextPosY = new Rectanglef(nextPosX.X, nextPosX.Y, nextPosX.Width, nextPosX.Height); else nextPosY = new Rectanglef(AABB.X, AABB.Y, AABB.Width, AABB.Height); if (Input.Key(Key.Up)) nextPosY.Y--; if (Input.Key(Key.Down)) nextPosY.Y++; bool yFree = !nextPosY.IntersectsAny(Boxes.ToArray()); if (yFree) AABB = nextPosY; else if (xFree) AABB = nextPosX; } What I'm having trouble with, is a system where I can give float values to my movement and make it so there's a smooth acceleration. Do I have to retrieve the collision rectangle (the rectangle created by the other two colliding)? or should I do some sort of vector and go along this axis until I reach the collision? Thanks a lot!

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  • Best Practice Method for Including Images in a DataGrid using MVVM

    - by Killercam
    All, I have a WPF DataGrid. This DataGrid shows files ready for compilation and should also show the progress of my compiler as it compiles the files. The format of the DataGrid is Image|File Path|State -----|---------|----- * |C:\AA\BB |Compiled & |F:PP\QQ |Failed > |G:HH\LL |Processing .... The problem is the image column (the *, &, and are for representation only). I have a ResourceDictionary that contains hundreds of vector images as Canvas objects: <ResourceDictionary xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"> <Canvas x:Key="appbar_acorn" Width="48" Height="48" Clip="F1 M 0,0L 48,0L 48,48L 0,48L 0,0"> <Path Width="22.3248" Height="25.8518" Canvas.Left="13.6757" Canvas.Top="11.4012" Stretch="Fill" Fill="{DynamicResource BlackBrush}" Data="F1 M 16.6309,18.6563C 17.1309,8.15625 29.8809,14.1563 29.8809,14.1563C 30.8809,11.1563 34.1308,11.4063 34.1308,11.4063C 33.5,12 34.6309,13.1563 34.6309,13.1563C 32.1309,13.1562 31.1309,14.9062 31.1309,14.9062C 41.1309,23.9062 32.6309,27.9063 32.6309,27.9062C 24.6309,24.9063 21.1309,22.1562 16.6309,18.6563 Z M 16.6309,19.9063C 21.6309,24.1563 25.1309,26.1562 31.6309,28.6562C 31.6309,28.6562 26.3809,39.1562 18.3809,36.1563C 18.3809,36.1563 18,38 16.3809,36.9063C 15,36 16.3809,34.9063 16.3809,34.9063C 16.3809,34.9063 10.1309,30.9062 16.6309,19.9063 Z "/> </Canvas> </ResourceDictionary> Now, I want to be able to include these in my image column and change them at run-time. I was going to attempt to do this by setting up a property in my View Model that was of type Image and binding this to my View via: <DataGrid.Columns> <DataGridTemplateColumn Header="" Width="SizeToCells" IsReadOnly="True"> <DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate> <DataTemplate> <Image Source="{Binding Canvas}"/> </DataTemplate> </DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate> </DataGridTemplateColumn> </DataGrid.Columns> Where in the View Model I have the appropriate property. Now, I was told this is not 'pure' MVVM. I don't fully accept this, but I want to know if there is a better way of doing this. Say, binding to an enum and using a converter to get the image? Any advice would be appreciated.

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  • How to snap a 2D Quad to the mouse cursor using OpenGL 3.0?

    - by NoobScratcher
    I've been having issues trying to snap a 2D Quad to the mouse cursor position I'm able : 1.) To get values into posX, posY, posZ 2.) Translate with the values from those 3 variables But the quad positioning I'm not able to do correctly in such a way that the 2D Quad is near the mouse cursor using those values from those 3 variables eg."posX, posY, posZ" I need the mouse cursor in the center of the 2D Quad. I'm hoping someone can help me achieve this. I've tried searching around with no avail. Heres the function that is ment to do the snapping but instead creates weird flicker or shows nothing at all only the 3d models show up : void display() { glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); for(std::vector<GLuint>::iterator I = cube.begin(); I != cube.end(); ++I) { glCallList(*I); } if(DrawArea == true) { glReadPixels(winX, winY, 1, 1, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, &winZ); cerr << winZ << endl; glGetDoublev(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, modelview); glGetDoublev(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projection); glGetIntegerv(GL_VIEWPORT, viewport); gluUnProject(winX, winY, winZ , modelview, projection, viewport, &posX, &posY, & posZ); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, DrawAreaTexture); glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_DECAL); glTexImage2D (GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, DrawAreaSurface->w, DrawAreaSurface->h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, DrawAreaSurface->pixels); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, DrawAreaTexture); glTranslatef(posX , posY, posZ); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glTexCoord2f (0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f (1.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f (1.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0, 0, 0); glTexCoord2f (0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.5, 0, 0); glEnd(); } SwapBuffers(hDC); } I'm using : OpenGL 3.0 WIN32 API C++ GLSL if you really want the full source here it is - http://pastebin.com/1Ncm9HNf , Its pretty messy.

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  • Getting current time in milliseconds

    - by user90293423
    How to get the current time in milliseconds? I'm working on a hacking simulation game and when ever someone connects to another computer/NPC, a login screen popups with a button on the side called BruteForce. When BruteForce is clicked, what i want the program to do is, calculate how many seconds cracking the password is going to take based on the player's CPU speed but that's the easy part. The hard part is i want to enter a character in the password's box every X milliseconds based on a TimeToCrack divided by PasswordLength formula. But since i don't know how to find how many milliseconds have elapsed since the second has passed, the program waits until the CurrentTime is higher than the TimeBeforeTheLoopStarted + HowLongItTakesToTypeaCharacter which is always going to be a second. How would you handle my problems? I've commented the game breaking part. std::vector<QString> hardware = user.getHardware(); QString CPU = hardware[0]; unsigned short Speed = 0; if(CPU == "OMG SingleCore 1.8GHZ"){ Speed = 2; } const short passwordLength = password.length(); /* It's equal to 16 */ int Time = passwordLength / Speed; double TypeSpeed = Time / passwordLength; time_t t = time(0); struct tm * now = localtime(&t); unsigned short EndTime = (now->tm_sec + Time) % 60; unsigned short CurrentTime = 0; short i = passwordLength - 1; do{ t = time(0); now = localtime(&t); CurrentTime = now->tm_sec; do{ t = time(0); now = localtime(&t); }while(now->tm_sec < CurrentTime + TypeSpeed); /* Highly flawed */ /* Do this while your integer value is under this double value */ QString tempPass = password; tempPass.chop(i); ui->lineEdit_2->setText(tempPass); i--; }while(CurrentTime != EndTime);

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  • tightvnc authentication failure

    - by broiyan
    When I run a tightvnc client to establish a VNC session I sometimes receive an error message that suggests there are repeated failed VNC login attempts or a brute force attack. The message dialog title is "unsupported security type" and the text content is "too many authentication failures, try another connection? yes/no". This problem goes away if I reboot the Ubuntu server and reload the VNC server program and try again. From that point, it will work for multiple VNC sessions. My VNC sessions are typically about 20 minutes. At some time in the future, the problem may recur so it seems correlated to the time the server has been up or the time tightvnc has been loaded. Typically it takes only a day or so before the problem comes back. I am using tightvnc 1.3 on an server running Ubuntu 12.04. The version of vncserver is rather dated because that seems to be all that is available from tightvnc for linux servers. On the client side I use the newest Java-based VNC client (version 2.5) for both Windows access and Ubuntu access. All my VNC sessions are via SSH. I am the only user and I will typically use only the same client computer. How can I stop this problem from recurring? Edit I found the log file. This is a small excerpt of what I am seeing. Essentially, various IPs, not my own, are attempting to connect. What is the practical solution for this? 05/06/12 20:07:32 Got connection from client 69.194.204.90 05/06/12 20:07:32 Non-standard protocol version 3.4, using 3.3 instead 05/06/12 20:07:32 Too many authentication failures - client rejected 05/06/12 20:07:32 Client 69.194.204.90 gone 05/06/12 20:07:32 Statistics: 05/06/12 20:07:32 framebuffer updates 0, rectangles 0, bytes 0 05/06/12 20:24:56 Got connection from client 79.161.16.40 05/06/12 20:24:56 Non-standard protocol version 3.4, using 3.3 instead 05/06/12 20:24:56 Too many authentication failures - client rejected 05/06/12 20:24:56 Client 79.161.16.40 gone 05/06/12 20:24:56 Statistics: 05/06/12 20:24:56 framebuffer updates 0, rectangles 0, bytes 0 05/06/12 20:29:27 Got connection from client 109.230.246.54 05/06/12 20:29:27 Non-standard protocol version 3.4, using 3.3 instead 05/06/12 20:29:28 rfbVncAuthProcessResponse: authentication failed from 109.230.246.54 05/06/12 20:29:28 Client 109.230.246.54 gone 05/06/12 20:29:28 Statistics: 05/06/12 20:29:28 framebuffer updates 0, rectangles 0, bytes 0

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  • OSX 10.6.6 SSH md5 break-in check

    - by Alex
    Information Recently one of the linux servers that I access was compromised to steal passwords and ssh keys using a modified ssh binary. This lead me to question if the attacker had compromised my OSX Laptop which had ssh access turned on. A sophos virus scan turned up nothing, and I did not have rkhunter installed before the attack, so I could not compare hashes of the system binaries to be sure. However because OSX is relatively standard for each of their major releases, I asked fiends for md5 hashes md5 /usr/bin/ssh and md5 /usr/sbin/sshd as a basic first check to see if there was anything different about my machine. A few emails later I have found the following data: Version (Arch) [N] MD5 (/usr/bin/ssh) MD5 (/usr/sbin/sshd) OSX 10.5.8 (PPC) [3] 1e9fd483eef23464ec61c815f7984d61 9d32a36294565368728c18de466e69f1 OSX 10.5.8 (intel) [5] 1e9fd483eef23464ec61c815f7984d61 9d32a36294565368728c18de466e69f1 OSX 10.6.x (intel) [7] 591fbe723011c17b6ce41c537353b059 e781fad4fc86cf652f6df22106e0bf0e OSX 10.6.x (intel) [4] 58be068ad5e575c303ec348a1c71d48b 33dafd419194b04a558c8404b484f650 Mine 10.6.6 (intel) df344cc00a294c91230c65e8b7332a79 b5094ccf4cd074aaf573d4f5df75906a where N is the number of machines with with that MD5, and the last row is my laptop. The sample is relatively heterogeneous spaning a few years of different makes and models of Apples, and different versions of 10.6.x. The different hash for my system made me worried that these binaries might have been compromised. So I made sure that my backup for the week was good, and dived into formatting my system and reinstalling OSX. After reinstalling OSX from the manufacturer DVD, I found that the MD5 hash did not change for either ssh, or sshd. Goal Make sure that my system is does not have any malicious software. Should I be worried that this base install of OSX (with no other software installed) has been compromised? I have also updated my system to 10.6.6 and found no change as well. Other Information I am not sure if this is helpful information, but my laptop is a i7 15 inch MacBook Pro bought in Nov 2010, and here is some output from system_profiler: System Software Overview: System Version: Mac OS X 10.6.6 (10J567) Kernel Version: Darwin 10.6.0 64-bit Kernel and Extensions: No Time since boot: 1:37 Hardware: Hardware Overview: Model Name: MacBook Model Identifier: MacBook6,2 Processor Name: Intel Core i7 Processor Speed: 2.66 GHz Number Of Processors: 1 Total Number Of Cores: 2 L2 Cache (per core): 256 KB L3 Cache: 4 MB Memory: 4 GB Processor Interconnect Speed: 4.8 GT/s Boot ROM Version: MBP61.0057.B0C SMC Version (system): 1.58f16 Sudden Motion Sensor: State: Enabled On the laptop, I find: $ codesign -vvv /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/ssh: valid on disk /usr/bin/ssh: satisfies its Designated Requirement $ codesign -vvv /usr/sbin/sshd /usr/sbin/sshd: valid on disk /usr/sbin/sshd: satisfies its Designated Requirement $ ls -la /usr/bin/ssh -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1001520 Feb 11 2010 /usr/bin/ssh $ ls -la /usr/sbin/sshd -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1304800 Feb 11 2010 /usr/sbin/sshd $ ls -la /sbin/md5 -r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 65232 May 18 2009 /sbin/md5 Update So far I have not gotten an answer about this question, but if you could help by increasing the number of hashes that I can compare against, that would be great. To get hashes, and version numbers, run the following on osx: md5 /usr/bin/ssh md5 /usr/sbin/sshd ssh -V sw_vers

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  • Indirect Postfix bounces create new user directories

    - by hheimbuerger
    I'm running Postfix on my personal server in a data centre. I am not a professional mail hoster and not a Postfix expert, it is just used for a few domains served from that server. IIRC, I mostly followed this howto when setting up Postfix. Mails addressed to one of the domains the server manages are delivered locally (/srv/mail) to be fetched with Dovecot. Mails to other domains require usage of SMTPS. The mailbox configuration is stored in MySQL. The problem I have is that I suddenly found new mailboxes being created on the disk. Let's say I have the domain 'example.com'. Then I would have lots of new directories, e.g. /srv/mail/example.com/abenaackart /srv/mail/example.com/abenaacton etc. There are no entries for these addresses in my database, neither as a mailbox nor as an alias. It's clearly spam from auto-generated names. Most of them start with 'a', a few with 'b' and a couple of random ones with other letters. At first I was afraid of an attack, but all security restrictions seem to work. If I try to send mail to these addresses, I get an "Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table" during the 'RCPT TO' stage. So I looked into the mails stored in these mailboxes. Turns out that all of them are bounces. It seems like all of them were sent from a randomly generated name to an alias that really exists on my system, but pointed to an invalid destination address on another host. So Postfix accepted it, then tried to redirect it to another mail server, which rejected it. This bounced back to my Postfix server, which now took the bounce and stored it locally -- because it seemed to be originating from one of the addresses it manages. Example: My Postfix server handles the example.com domain. [email protected] is configured to redirect to [email protected]. [email protected] has since been deleted from the Hotmail servers. Spammer sends mail with FROM:[email protected] and TO:[email protected]. My Postfix server accepts the mail and tries to hand it off to hotmail.com. hotmail.com sends a bounce back. My Postfix server accepts the bounce and delivers it to /srv/mail/example.com/bob. The last step is what I don't want. I'm not quite sure what it should do instead, but creating hundreds of new mailboxes on my disk is not what I want... Any ideas how to get rid of this behaviour? I'll happily post parts of my configuration, but I'm not really sure where to start debugging the problem at this point.

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  • Autoloading Development or Production configs (best practices)

    - by Xeoncross
    When programming sites you usually have one set of config files for the development environment and another set for the production server (or one file with both settings). I am assuming all projects should be handled by version control like git or svn. Manual file transfers (like FTP) is wrong on so many levels. How you enable/disable the correct settings (so that your system knows which ones to use) is a problem for me. Each system I work on just kind of jimmy-rigs a solution. Below are the 3 methods I know of and I am hoping that someone can submit a more elegant solutions. 1) File Based The system loads a folder structure based on the URL requested. /site.com /site.fakeTLD /lib index.php For example, if the url is http://site.com then the system loads the production config files located in the site.com folder. However, if I'm working on the site locally I visit http://site.fakeTLD to work on the local copy of the site. To setup this I edit my hosts file and add site.fakeTLD to point to my own computer (127.0.0.1/localhost) and then create a vhost in apache. So now I can work on the codebase locally and then push to the server without any trouble. The problem is that this is susceptible to a "host" injection attack. So someone loading site.com could set the host to site.fakeTLD and then the system would load my development config files instead of production. 2) Config Based The config files contain on section for development - and one for production. The problem is that each time you go to push your changes to the repo you have to edit the file to specify which set of config options should be used. $use = 'production'; //'development'; This leaves the repo open to human error should one of the developers forget to enable the right setting. 3) File System Check Based All the development machines have an extra empty file called "development.txt" or something. Each time the system loads it checks for this file - if found then it knows it is in development mode - if missing then it knows it is in production mode. Since the file is NEVER ADDED to the repo then it will never be pushed (and checked out) on the production machine. However, this just doesn't feel right and causes a slight slow down since all filesystem checks are slow.

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  • Tutorial for configuring OpenVPN [on hold]

    - by user2699451
    I have been through 10+ tutorials on setting up a OpenVPN, and each tutorial gives a different problem... Does anyone know of a decent and helpful website/tutorial which I could go to to get it set up? I have been battling through it for almost 2 months now. Yes, I have also bugged forums.openvpn, but I think I have "reached my post limit" with them. I have to configure it remotely via ssh. UPDATE: okay, I have been asked to be more clear on the topic I followed this tutorial (as a example) - http://www.servermom.com/how-to-build-openvpn-server-on-centos-6-x/732/ I had no issues setting up, etc. except when I boot into windows and run the OpenVPN GUI Client, it connects and gives this error: WARNING: Bad encapsulated packet length from peer (21331), which must be 0 and <= 1576 -- please ensure that --tun-mtu or --link-mtu is equal on both peers -- this condition could also indicate a possible active attack on the TCP link -- [Attemping restart...] Here is my server config: port 1194 #- port proto udp #- protocol dev tun tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 mssfix 1450 reneg-sec 0 ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/dh1024.pem plugin /usr/lib64/openvpn/plugin/lib/openvpn-auth-pam.so /etc/pam.d/login #- Co$ #plugin /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.so /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.cnf #- Uncomment$ client-cert-not-required username-as-common-name server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" keepalive 5 30 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status 1194.log verb 3 and my client config: client dev tun proto udp remote [server ip] 1194 # - Your server IP and OpenVPN Port resolv-retry infinite nobind tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 mssfix 1450 persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt auth-user-pass comp-lzo reneg-sec 0 verb 3 OpenVPN Client Log: Thu Oct 31 11:51:29 2013 OpenVPN 2.0.9 Win32-MinGW [SSL] [LZO] built on Oct 1 2006 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 IMPORTANT: OpenVPN's default port number is now 1194, based on an official port number assignment by IANA. OpenVPN 2.0-beta16 and earlier used 5000 as the default port. Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info. Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 LZO compression initialized Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1576 D:140 EF:40 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1576 D:1450 EF:44 EB:135 ET:32 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '2547efd2' Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '77cf0943' Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Attempting to establish TCP connection with x.x.x.x:1194 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCP connection established with x.x.x.x:1194 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: x.x.x.x:1194 // after this it just hangs, nothing happens So I dont know what I am doing wrong but I am getting a bit impatient and on each forum I post this, I get stupid/unrelated/unhelpful answers...

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  • Ubuntu Server 10.04 Heavy Network Traffic causes disconnect

    - by K Vaughan
    I'm currently running a headless Ubuntu 10.04 server. Installed is the LAMP stack, Joomla, Virtualbox, phpvirtualbox, webmin and proFTP.. It resolves the IP address so I can access it remotely (either the apache2 webserver or the FTP) using DDClient. Any packages installed have been installed using apt-get. Webmin, although discouraged in Ubuntu Server, is used mostly to administer the webserver aspect. This issue also appeared when I was using Ubuntu Server 10.10. After periods of heavy network traffic, whether local or remote, the connect drops. I'm talking specifically about the transfer of files via FTP, SCP or Samba (the latter of which I seldom use). There is no response to ping or ssh. I can't FTP to the server nor can I load the website. There are times when the server has been on for a few days and everything runs fine because I haven't accessed it much, if at all (thus not much network traffic). I've gone through a few hardware changes although I don't believe this has cause the issue: this has been happening long before I made any changes. At first I thought it was my ISP-provided router blocking traffic because of some kind of misconfiguration (perhaps assuming it was some kind of DoS attack). I've changed routers and still found no success. I've checked syslog, dmesg and kern.log for warnings but have uncovered none. I've ran memtest via the GRUB2 menu at boot and once it turned up 4 errors. I ran again with individual sticks of RAM in various slots and everything turned up fine. I've looked through the BIOS settings and everything looks fine. I've tried unplugging unnecessary pieces of hardware (other internal hard drives, CD drives, floppy, PCI cards, etc). Any help or tips on how I can even begin to troubleshoot this would be very much appreciated. Please note that i've only started playing with servers as a hobby so my knowledge wouldn't be the most refined. I'm comfortable with command line and have the initiative to know how to look up something I can't do. Unfortunately I can't seem to find any issues like this. Additionally: If a solution can't be found some assistance to write a script that will cause the server to reboot automatically if, after x minutes, it gets no response to pinging somewhere like google. Admittedly that's not the cleanest solution should my internet end up going down but I can't think of what else to do.

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  • How can I prevent an unintentional DDOS running ColdFusion 8 with IIS 6?

    - by Eric Belair
    We had an interesting outage today on one of our client's websites. Out of nowhere, the website was inaccessible. The website runs by itself on a dedicated physical Windows 2000 server (probably overkill, I know, but that's a discussion for a different day). After restarting IIS and ColdFusion Application Service, the problem came back several times. My initial thought was that it was a DNS issue, which happens occasionally - the last time it happened was after Hurricane Sandy when we our ISP was out, and we had to make some network config changes. But, it was not a DNS issue. My second thought was that it was a DDOS attack, but, there's very little reason anyone would want to take this site down. When we called our ISP, the operator on the other end noted that traffic was spiking significantly. As it turned out, the client had unintentionally caused a DDOS on the website, after they FTPed a very large video file, and then mass emailed a link to it. Hundreds of people clicked the link and brought the site to its knees. I am primarily a Website Programmer, but I often have to contribute to server administration at times. Sadly, I'm the resident ColdFusion and IIS expert, but I don't have a lot of experience with this issue. What are some basic steps that I can take to prevent this from happening in the future, since we cannot always control what files the client posts to the website. Here are some ideas I had, but I'm unsure of the impact: Limit the number of connections in IIS. Put media files on a separate server (like an Amazon site, etc.). File requests of this type currently behind a server-script (i.e. /www.site.com/viewFile.cfm?fileId=1424545, where the fileId references a file off the webroot) that logs requests, and pushes the file to the browser using CFCONTENT. I could edit this script to reject requests when they exceed a certain amount in a given time-frame (i.e. a 5MB can be accessed globally 10 times in an hour). This may cause some users frustration, but, if hundreds of users are attempting to view the file, the site is going to crash anyways, as it did today, which is way more frustrating, since there is no "pretty" message explaining why they can't get to the file. I'm open to any suggestions, as I'm continuing my research to report to the CTO with the best options, so that we can put a solution into effect. Thank you.

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  • What the hell was THAT?!?

    - by Massimo
    My system is Windows XP SP3, updated with the latest patches. The PC is connected to a Cisco 877 ADSL router, which does NAT from the internal network to its single static public IP address. There are no forwarded ports, and the router's management console can only be accessed from the inside. I was doing two things: working on a remote office machine via VPN and browsing some web pages on the Cisco web site. The remote network is absolutely safe (it's a lab network, four virtual servers, no publicly accessible services and no users at all; also, none of what I'm going to describe ever happened there). The Cisco web site... well, I suppose is quite safe, too. Suddenly, something happened. Strange popups appears anywhere; programs claiming they're "antimalware", "antispyware" et so on begins autoinstalling; fake Windows Update and Security Center icons pop up in the system tray. svchost.exe began crashing repeatedly. Then, finally, after some minutes of this... BSOD. And, upon rebooting, BSOD again. Even in safe mode. Ok, that was obviously some virus/trojan/whatever. I had to install a new copy of Windows on another partition to clean things up. I found strange executables, services and DLLs almost anywhere. Amongst the other things, user32.dll and ndis.sys had been replaced. A fake software called "Antimalware Doctor" had been installed. There were services with completely random names or even GUIDs (!), and also ones called "IpSect" and "Darkness". There were executable files without an .exe extension. There were even two boot-class drivers, which I'm quite sure are the ones that finally caused the system to crash. A true massacre. Ok, now the questions: What the hell was that?!? It was something more than a simple virus! How did it manage to attack my computer, as I am behind a firewall and was not doing anything even only potentially harmful on the web at the time?

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  • Email server can send internal, but messages never arrive at external recipients

    - by Chase Florell
    I'm running MailEnable on my server, and have been for many years. Recently we had an attack on our server, and I was able to close the hole. Since then, our mail server doesn't seem to be sending mail out. If I send an email from myself to another account hosted on the server, the email arrives as expected. If I send an email from my gmail account to my business account, the email also arrives as expected The problem comes when I send from my business account to an external domain I tried the following Gmail.com Hotmail.com Shaw.ca When I send to any of the above The message leaves my client as expected, The logs appear to accept and forward on the message The SMTP outbound que is empty The message never arrives I have checked our domain with mxtoolbox.com senderbase.org And neither of them are reporting any problems with our domain. I have ensured that port 25 is open (along with the other standard ports) Here is one of the log entries from the SMTP connector 11/05/13 12:10:00 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 220 mx1.example.com ESMTP MailEnable Service, Version: 6.81--6.81 ready at 11/05/13 12:10:00 0 0 11/05/13 12:10:00 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 EHLO EHLO ASSP.nospam 250-mx1.example.com [127.0.0.1], this server offers 6 extensions 159 18 11/05/13 12:10:00 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 EHLO EHLO ASSP.nospam 250-mx1.example.com [127.0.0.1], this server offers 6 extensions 159 18 11/05/13 12:10:01 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 AUTH AUTH LOGIN 334 VXNlcm5hbWU6 18 12 11/05/13 12:10:01 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 AUTH {blank} 334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6 18 26 [email protected] 11/05/13 12:10:01 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 AUTH Y29sb25lbGZhY2U= 235 Authenticated 19 18 [email protected] 11/05/13 12:10:01 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 MAIL MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 250 Requested mail action okay, completed 43 31 [email protected] 11/05/13 12:10:01 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 RCPT RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 Requested mail action okay, completed 43 35 [email protected] 11/05/13 12:10:01 SMTP-IN 494C0AF55CD0400FB90FD5E6525BC885.MAI 1312 127.0.0.1 DATA DATA 354 Start mail input; end with <CRLF>.<CRLF> 46 6 [email protected] Here are the headers of the sent message X-Assp-Version: 1.7.5.7(1.0.07) on ASSP.nospam X-Assp-ID: ASSP.nospam 78601-04523 X-Assp-Intended-For: [email protected] X-Assp-Envelope-From: [email protected] Received: from [10.10.1.101] ([68.147.245.149] helo=[10.10.1.101]) with IPv4:587 by ASSP.nospam; 5 Nov 2013 12:10:00 -0700 From: Chase Florell <[email protected]> Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Subject: Test Message Message-Id: <[email protected]> Date: Tue, 5 Nov 2013 12:10:18 -0700 To: Chase Florell <[email protected]> Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 7.0 \(1816\)) X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.1816) . Where else can I check to see if there is something broken? What could cause a problem like this whereby the message appears to send, but never arrives, and never returns a bounce?

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  • Too many TIME_WAIT state connections!

    - by Hamza
    I've been reading about this everywhere all day, and from what I've gathered, TIME_WAIT is a relatively harmless state. It's supposed to be harmless even when there's too many. But if they're jumping to the numbers I've been seeing for the past 24 hours, something is really wrong! [root@1 ~]# netstat -nat | awk '{print $6}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n 1 established) 1 Foreign 12 CLOSE_WAIT 15 LISTEN 64 LAST_ACK 201 FIN_WAIT2 334 CLOSING 605 ESTABLISHED 816 SYN_RECV 981 FIN_WAIT1 26830 TIME_WAIT That number fluctuates from 20,000 to 30,000+ (so far, the maximum I've seen it go is 32,000). What worries me is that they're all different IP addresses from all sorts of random locations. Now this is supposed to be (or was supposed to be) a DDoS attack. I know this for a fact, but I won't go into the boring details. It started out as a DDoS and it did impact my server's performance for a couple minutes. After that, everything was back to normal. My server load is normal. My internet traffic is normal. No server resource is being abused. My sites load fine. I also have IPTABLES disabled. There's an odd issue with that too. Every time I enable the firewall/iptables, my server starts experiencing packet loss. Lots of it. About 50%-60% packets are lost. It happens within an hour or within a few hours of enabling the firewall. As soon as I disable it, ping responses from all locations I test them from start clearing up and get stable again. Very strange. The TIME_WAIT state connections have been fluctuating at those numbers since yesterday. For 24 hours now, I've had that, and although it hasn't impacted performance in any way, it's disturbing enough. My current tcp_fin_timeout value is 30 seconds, from the default 60 seconds. However, that seems to not help, at all. Any ideas, suggestions? Anything at all would be appreciated, really!

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  • Server currently under DDOS, not sure what to do.

    - by Volex
    Hi, My web server is currently under a DDOS attack I believe, the messages log is full of these kind of messages: May 13 15:51:19 kernel: nf_conntrack: table full, dropping packet. May 13 15:51:19 last message repeated 9 times May 13 15:51:24 kernel: __ratelimit: 78 callbacks suppressed May 13 15:51:24 kernel: nf_conntrack: table full, dropping packet. May 13 15:52:06 kernel: possible SYN flooding on port 80. Sending cookies. and a netstat has a huge amount of the following: tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http bb176da0.virtua.com.br:4998 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http 187.0.43.109:2694 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http 109.229.4.145:1722 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http 189-84-163-244.sodobr:63267 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http bd66839d.virtua.com.br:3469 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http 69.101.56.190.dsl.int:52552 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http pc-62-230-47-190.cm.vt:2262 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http 189-84-163-244.sodobr:63418 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http pc-62-230-47-190.cm.vt:1741 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http zaq3d739320.zaq.ne.jp:2141 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 my.host.com:http netacc-gpn-4-80-73.po:52676 SYN_RECV tcpdump shows: 7:11:08.564510 IP 187-4-1xx-4.xxx.ipd.brasiltelecom.net.br.54821 my.host.com.http: S 999692166:999692166(0) win 65535 17:11:08.566347 IP 114-44-171-67.dynamic.hinet.net.1129 my.host.com.http: S 605369055:605369055(0) win 65535 17:11:08.570210 IP 200-101-13-130.pvoce300.ipd.brasiltelecom.net.br.5590 my.host.com.http: S 2813379182:2813379182(0) win 16384 17:11:08.571290 IP dsl-189-143-30-99-dyn.prod-infinitum.com.mx.1615 my.host.com.http: S 281542700:281542700(0) win 65535 17:11:08.583847 IP dsl-189-143-30-99-dyn.prod-infinitum.com.mx.1617 my.host.com.http: S 499413892:499413892(0) win 65535 17:11:08.588680 IP 170.51.229.112.2569 my.host.com.http: S 2195084898:2195084898(0) win 65535 17:11:08.588773 IP gw2-1.211.ru.3180 my.host.com.http: F 2315901786:2315901786(0) ack 2620913033 win 64240 17:11:08.590656 IP 200-101-13-130.pvoce300.ipd.brasiltelecom.net.br.5614 my.host.com.http: S 2813715032:2813715032(0) win 16384 17:11:08.591212 IP 203.82.82.54.15848 my.host.com.http: S 4070423507:4070423507(0) win 16384 17:11:08.591254 IP 203.82.82.54.2545 my.host.com.http: S 1790910784:1790910784(0) win 16384 17:11:08.591289 IP 203.82.82.54.28306 my.host.com.http: S 578615626:578615626(0) win 16384 17:11:08.591591 IP gw2-1.211.ru.3191 my.host.com.http: F 2316435991:2316435991(0) ack 2634205972 win 64240 17:11:08.591790 IP 200-101-13-130.pvoce300.ipd.brasiltelecom.net.br.5593 my.host.com.http: S 2813659017:2813659017(0) win 16384 17:11:08.593691 IP gw2-1.211.ru.3203 my.host.com.http: F 2316834420:2316834420(0) ack 2629074987 win 64240 I'm not sure what I can do to limit/mitigate this, currently no webpages are being served, any help gratefully appreciated.

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  • Are random packets normal?

    - by TheLQ
    About a month ago on one of my servers I started receiving random packets from IPs all over the world. So I did the smart thing and stopped putting off installing an IDS. This IDS is a ClearOS Gateway which comes with Snort and SnortSam. I enabled it, checked There is a total of 4 ports open, two of which forward to the server I'm talking about. These ports are 3724 and 8085, so they aren't going to be easily detected in a port scan. However checking some logs of this server I found that the attack is resuming. I found this ... Accepting connection from '75.166.155.122' [Auth] got unknown packet from '75.166.155.122' Accepting connection from '98.164.154.93' [Auth] got unknown packet from '98.164.154.93' Ping MySQL to keep connection alive Accepting connection from '70.241.195.129' [Auth] got unknown packet from '70.241.195.129' Accepting connection from '67.182.229.169' [Auth] got unknown packet from '67.182.229.169' Accepting connection from '69.137.140.38' [Auth] got unknown packet from '69.137.140.38' Accepting connection from '76.31.72.55' [Auth] got unknown packet from '76.31.72.55' Accepting connection from '97.88.139.39' [Auth] got unknown packet from '97.88.139.39' Accepting connection from '173.35.62.112' [Auth] got unknown packet from '173.35.62.112' Accepting connection from '187.15.10.73' [Auth] got unknown packet from '187.15.10.73' Accepting connection from '66.66.94.124' [Auth] got unknown packet from '66.66.94.124' Accepting connection from '75.159.219.124' [Auth] got unknown packet from '75.159.219.124' Accepting connection from '99.102.100.82' [Auth] got unknown packet from '99.102.100.82' Accepting connection from '24.128.240.45' [Auth] got unknown packet from '24.128.240.45' Accepting connection from '99.231.7.39' [Auth] got unknown packet from '99.231.7.39' Accepting connection from '206.255.79.56' [Auth] got unknown packet from '206.255.79.56' Accepting connection from '68.97.106.235' [Auth] got unknown packet from '68.97.106.235' Accepting connection from '69.134.67.251' [Auth] got unknown packet from '69.134.67.251' Accepting connection from '63.228.138.186' [Auth] got unknown packet from '63.228.138.186' Accepting connection from '184.39.146.193' [Auth] got unknown packet from '184.39.146.193' Accepting connection from '69.171.161.102' [Auth] got unknown packet from '69.171.161.102' Accepting connection from '76.0.47.228' [Auth] got unknown packet from '76.0.47.228' Ping MySQL to keep connection alive Accepting connection from '126.112.201.14' [Auth] got unknown packet from '126.112.201.14' Ping MySQL to keep connection alive Now that scares me. Why isn't Snort detecting this? How were they able to find this specific port? More importantly, what normally would these packets contain? Is this something I should be worried about? How can I stop this?

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  • How did what appears to be a virus get on my computer? (explanation of situation enclosed)

    - by Massimo
    My system is Windows XP SP3, updated with the latest patches. The PC is connected to a Cisco 877 ADSL router, which does NAT from the internal network to its single static public IP address. There are no forwarded ports, and the router's management console can only be accessed from the inside. I was doing two things: working on a remote office machine via VPN and browsing some web pages on the Cisco web site. The remote network is absolutely safe (it's a lab network, four virtual servers, no publicly accessible services and no users at all; also, none of what I'm going to describe ever happened there). The Cisco web site... well, I suppose is quite safe, too. Suddenly, something happened. Strange popups appears anywhere; programs claiming they're "antimalware", "antispyware" et so on begins autoinstalling; fake Windows Update and Security Center icons pop up in the system tray. svchost.exe began crashing repeatedly. Then, finally, after some minutes of this... BSOD. And, upon rebooting, BSOD again. Even in safe mode. Ok, that was obviously some virus/trojan/whatever. I had to install a new copy of Windows on another partition to clean things up. I found strange executables, services and DLLs almost anywhere. Amongst the other things, user32.dll and ndis.sys had been replaced. A fake software called "Antimalware Doctor" had been installed. There were services with completely random names or even GUIDs (!), and also ones called "IpSect" and "Darkness". There were executable files without an .exe extension. There were even two boot-class drivers, which I'm quite sure are the ones that finally caused the system to crash. A true massacre. Ok, now the questions: What the hell was that?!? It was something more than a simple virus! How did it manage to attack my computer, as I am behind a firewall and was not doing anything even only potentially harmful on the web at the time?

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  • What is the probable failure - no BSOD, no event log, monitors sleeping, force reboot required

    - by Tyler
    Every 3 to 15 days, my PC freezes. This typically happens when the computer is idle, I'm coming home from work, back from vacation, etc. It's never happened while using my computer. The monitors are in power save mode The Caps Lock light on the (wireless) keyboard doesn't work Ctrl-alt-del has no effect, mouse (wireless) has no effect The hardware reset button and single press of power putton have no effect Computer does not appear on the network No BSOD, no memory dump Event logs have no errors or indications of problems near the time of crash. Only messages after reboot indicating that there was a reboot without a clean shutdown. Windows is set to never put the computer to sleep (just the display) Here are the vital stats of the build: OS Windows 8 Pro 64-bit CPU Intel i5-2400 Mobo Intel BOXDP67DE Micro ATX GPU MSI N460GTX Cyclone768D5/OC RAM CORSAIR XMS3 8GB (2 x 4GB) CMX8GX3M2A1333C9 PSU SeaSonic X Series X650 Gold System Drive Samsung 840 Pro 256 GB SSD Data Drive 2 x Western Digital WD20EARS 2TB in hardware RAID 1 Optical Lite-On DVD burner IHAS424-98 And here is the story of how the problem developed and what I've done to diagnose: January 2011, system built with Windows 7 64-bit, runs great. March 2011, Intel replaced the mobo because of the bad sata controllers. October 2012, upgrade to Windows 8 (problems start shortly after). January 2013, system freezes and causes network to fail for the whole house. Unplug the network cable and other devices and PCs can use the internet. Plug it back in, internet goes away for everyone. Reboot and everything is fine. March 2013, install Intel Gigabit CT PCI-E NIC, disable mobo nic in bios. Network strangeness goes away. Freezes are less frequent. Memtest shows no problems (20 passes). Early June 2013, replace Antec PSU with SeaSonic PSU. Mid June 2013, replace OCZ Vertex 2 SSD with Samsung SSD. Late June 2013, get frustrated and hope the community has some good ideas (I'm running out of budget to replace parts). My next plan of attack is setting "Turn off display" to Never and using a screen saver to see how that reacts on the next freeze. It makes me sad to waste power for up to 15 days though. Has anyone out there seen a problem like this? Any ideas on what kind of malfunction would act this way? Ideas of other diagnostic steps to take?

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  • General guidelines / workflow to convert or transfer video "professionally"?

    - by cloneman
    I'm an IT "professional" who sometimes has to deal with small video conversion / video cutting projects, and I'd like to learn "the right way" to do this. Every time I search Google, there's always a disaster for weird, low-maturity trialware, or random forums threads from 3-4 years ago indicating various antiquated method to do it. The big question is the following: What are the "general" guidelines and tools to transcode video into some efficient (lossless?) intermediary, for editing purposes, for the purpose of eventually re-encoding it after? It seems to me like even the simplest of formats and tasks are a disaster of endless trial & error, or expertise only known by hardened experts who have a swiss army kife of weird conversion tools that they use, almost as if mounting an attack against the project. Here are a few cases in point: Simple VOB files extracted from DVD footage can't be imported into Adobe Premiere directly. Virtualdub is an old software people keep recommending but doesn't seem to support newer formats. I don't even know how to tell with certainty which codecs a video has, and weather the image is interlaced or not, and what resolution and codecs I'm dealing with. Problems: Choosing a wrong interlace option which diminishes quality Choosing a wrong pixel aspect ratio (stretches the image) Choosing a wrong "project type" in Premiere causing footage to require scaling Being forced to use some weird program that will have any number of negative effects What I'm looking for: Books or "Real knowledge" on format conversions, recognized tools, etc. that aren't some random forum guides on how to deal with video formats. Workflow guidelines on identifying a format going from one format to another without problems as mentioned above. Documentation on what programs like Adobe Premiere can and can't do with regards to formats, so that I don't use a wrench as a hammer. TL;DR How should you convert or "prepare" a video file to ensure it will be supported by Premiere for editing? Is premiere a suitable program to handle cropping, encoding, or should other tools be used for this, when making a video montage from a variety of source formats? What are some good books to read that specifically deal with converting videos that use any number of codecs?

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  • ERROR: Linux route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 4

    - by JohnMerlino
    A remote machine running fedora uses openvpn, and multiple developers were successfully able to connect to it via their client openvpn. However, I am running Ubuntu 12.04 and I am having trouble connecting to the server via vpn. I copied ca.crt, home.key, and home.crt from the server to my local machine to /etc/openvpn folder. My client.conf file looks like this: ############################################## # Sample client-side OpenVPN 2.0 config file # # for connecting to multi-client server. # # # # This configuration can be used by multiple # # clients, however each client should have # # its own cert and key files. # # # # On Windows, you might want to rename this # # file so it has a .ovpn extension # ############################################## # Specify that we are a client and that we # will be pulling certain config file directives # from the server. client # Use the same setting as you are using on # the server. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. ;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel # if you have more than one. On XP SP2, # you may need to disable the firewall # for the TAP adapter. ;dev-node MyTap # Are we connecting to a TCP or # UDP server? Use the same setting as # on the server. ;proto tcp proto udp # The hostname/IP and port of the server. # You can have multiple remote entries # to load balance between the servers. remote xx.xxx.xx.130 1194 ;remote my-server-2 1194 # Choose a random host from the remote # list for load-balancing. Otherwise # try hosts in the order specified. ;remote-random # Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the # host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful # on machines which are not permanently connected # to the internet such as laptops. resolv-retry infinite # Most clients don't need to bind to # a specific local port number. nobind # Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only) ;user nobody ;group nogroup # Try to preserve some state across restarts. persist-key persist-tun # If you are connecting through an # HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN # server, put the proxy server/IP and # port number here. See the man page # if your proxy server requires # authentication. ;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures ;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #] # Wireless networks often produce a lot # of duplicate packets. Set this flag # to silence duplicate packet warnings. ;mute-replay-warnings # SSL/TLS parms. # See the server config file for more # description. It's best to use # a separate .crt/.key file pair # for each client. A single ca # file can be used for all clients. ca ca.crt cert home.crt key home.key # Verify server certificate by checking # that the certicate has the nsCertType # field set to "server". This is an # important precaution to protect against # a potential attack discussed here: # http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm # # To use this feature, you will need to generate # your server certificates with the nsCertType # field set to "server". The build-key-server # script in the easy-rsa folder will do this. ns-cert-type server # If a tls-auth key is used on the server # then every client must also have the key. ;tls-auth ta.key 1 # Select a cryptographic cipher. # If the cipher option is used on the server # then you must also specify it here. ;cipher x # Enable compression on the VPN link. # Don't enable this unless it is also # enabled in the server config file. comp-lzo # Set log file verbosity. verb 3 # Silence repeating messages ;mute 20 But when I start server and look in /var/log/syslog, I notice the following error: May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: /sbin/route add -net 10.27.12.1 netmask 255.255.255.252 gw 10.27.12.37 May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: ERROR: Linux route add command failed: external program exited with error status: 4 May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: /sbin/route add -net 172.27.12.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.27.12.37 May 27 22:13:51 myuser ovpn-client[5626]: /sbin/route add -net 10.27.12.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 10.27.12.37 And I am unable to connect to the server via openvpn: $ ssh [email protected] ssh: connect to host xxx.xx.xx.130 port 22: No route to host What may I be doing wrong?

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  • Guarding against CSRF Attacks in ASP.NET MVC2

    - by srkirkland
    Alongside XSS (Cross Site Scripting) and SQL Injection, Cross-site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks represent the three most common and dangerous vulnerabilities to common web applications today. CSRF attacks are probably the least well known but they are relatively easy to exploit and extremely and increasingly dangerous. For more information on CSRF attacks, see these posts by Phil Haack and Steve Sanderson. The recognized solution for preventing CSRF attacks is to put a user-specific token as a hidden field inside your forms, then check that the right value was submitted. It's best to use a random value which you’ve stored in the visitor’s Session collection or into a Cookie (so an attacker can't guess the value). ASP.NET MVC to the rescue ASP.NET MVC provides an HTMLHelper called AntiForgeryToken(). When you call <%= Html.AntiForgeryToken() %> in a form on your page you will get a hidden input and a Cookie with a random string assigned. Next, on your target Action you need to include [ValidateAntiForgeryToken], which handles the verification that the correct token was supplied. Good, but we can do better Using the AntiForgeryToken is actually quite an elegant solution, but adding [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] on all of your POST methods is not very DRY, and worse can be easily forgotten. Let's see if we can make this easier on the program but moving from an "Opt-In" model of protection to an "Opt-Out" model. Using AntiForgeryToken by default In order to mandate the use of the AntiForgeryToken, we're going to create an ActionFilterAttribute which will do the anti-forgery validation on every POST request. First, we need to create a way to Opt-Out of this behavior, so let's create a quick action filter called BypassAntiForgeryToken: [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple=false)] public class BypassAntiForgeryTokenAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { } Now we are ready to implement the main action filter which will force anti forgery validation on all post actions within any class it is defined on: [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = false)] public class UseAntiForgeryTokenOnPostByDefault : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { if (ShouldValidateAntiForgeryTokenManually(filterContext)) { var authorizationContext = new AuthorizationContext(filterContext.Controller.ControllerContext);   //Use the authorization of the anti forgery token, //which can't be inhereted from because it is sealed new ValidateAntiForgeryTokenAttribute().OnAuthorization(authorizationContext); }   base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext); }   /// <summary> /// We should validate the anti forgery token manually if the following criteria are met: /// 1. The http method must be POST /// 2. There is not an existing [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] attribute on the action /// 3. There is no [BypassAntiForgeryToken] attribute on the action /// </summary> private static bool ShouldValidateAntiForgeryTokenManually(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { var httpMethod = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.HttpMethod;   //1. The http method must be POST if (httpMethod != "POST") return false;   // 2. There is not an existing anti forgery token attribute on the action var antiForgeryAttributes = filterContext.ActionDescriptor.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ValidateAntiForgeryTokenAttribute), false);   if (antiForgeryAttributes.Length > 0) return false;   // 3. There is no [BypassAntiForgeryToken] attribute on the action var ignoreAntiForgeryAttributes = filterContext.ActionDescriptor.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(BypassAntiForgeryTokenAttribute), false);   if (ignoreAntiForgeryAttributes.Length > 0) return false;   return true; } } The code above is pretty straight forward -- first we check to make sure this is a POST request, then we make sure there aren't any overriding *AntiForgeryTokenAttributes on the action being executed. If we have a candidate then we call the ValidateAntiForgeryTokenAttribute class directly and execute OnAuthorization() on the current authorization context. Now on our base controller, you could use this new attribute to start protecting your site from CSRF vulnerabilities. [UseAntiForgeryTokenOnPostByDefault] public class ApplicationController : System.Web.Mvc.Controller { }   //Then for all of your controllers public class HomeController : ApplicationController {} What we accomplished If your base controller has the new default anti-forgery token attribute on it, when you don't use <%= Html.AntiForgeryToken() %> in a form (or of course when an attacker doesn't supply one), the POST action will throw the descriptive error message "A required anti-forgery token was not supplied or was invalid". Attack foiled! In summary, I think having an anti-CSRF policy by default is an effective way to protect your websites, and it turns out it is pretty easy to accomplish as well. Enjoy!

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  • Session Report: What’s New in JSF: A Complete Tour of JSF 2.2

    - by Janice J. Heiss
    On Wednesday, Ed Burns, Consulting Staff Member at Oracle, presented a session, CON3870 -- “What’s New in JSF: A Complete Tour of JSF 2.2,” in which he provided an update on recent developments in JavaServer Faces 2.2. He began by emphasizing that, “JavaServer Faces 2.2 continues the evolution of the Java EE standard user interface technology. Like previous releases, this iteration is very community-driven and transparent.” He pointed out that since JSF was introduced at the 2001 JavaOne Keynote, it has had a long and successful run and has found a home in applications where the UI logic resides entirely on the server where the model and UI logic is. In such cases, the browser performs fairly simple functions. However, developers can take advantage of the power of browsers, something that Project Avatar is focused on by letting developers author their applications so the UI logic is running on the client and communicating to the back end via RESTful web services. “Most importantly,” remarked Burns, “JSF 2.2 offers a really good migration path because even in the scope of one application you could have an app written with JSF that has its UI logic on the server and, on a gradual basis, you could migrate parts of the app over to use client-side technologies. This can be done at any level of granularity – per page or per collection of pages. It all depends on what you want to do.” His presentation, which focused on the basic new features of JSF 2.2, began by restating the scope of JSF and encouraged attendees to check out Roger Kitain’s session: CON5133 “Techniques for Responsive Real-Time Web UIs.” Burns explained that JSF has endured because, “We still need web apps that are maintainable, localizable, quick to build, accessible, secure, look great and are fun to use.” It is used on every continent – the curious can go here to check out where its unofficial usage is tracked. He emphasized the significance of the UI logic being substantially on the server. This: Separates Component Semantics from Rendering, Allows components to “own” their little patch of the UI -- encode/decode, And offers a well-defined lifecycle: Inversion of Control. Burns reminded attendees that JSR-344, the spec for JSF 2.2, is now on Java Community Process 2.8, a revised version of the JCP that allows for more openness and transparency. He then offered some tools for community access to JSF 2.2:    * Public java.net projects spec http://jsf-spec.java.net/ impl http://jsf.java.net/ Open Source: GPL+Classpath Exception    * Mailing Lists [email protected]                                Public readable archive, JSPA signed member read/write [email protected]                                     Public readable archive, any java.net member read/write                         All mail sent to jsr344-experts is sent to users. * Issue Tracker spec http://jsf-spec.java.net/issues/ impl http://jsf.java.net/issues/ JSF 2.2, which is JSR 344, has a Public Review Draft planned by December 2012 with no need for a Renewal Ballot. The Early Draft Review of JSR 344 was published on December 8, 2011. Interested developers are encouraged to offer their input. Six Big Ticket Features of JSF 2.2 Burns summarized the six big ticket features of JSF 2.2:* HTML5 Friendly Markup Support Pass through attributes and elements * Faces Flows* Cross Site Request Forgery Protection* Loading Facelets via ResourceHandler* File Upload Component* Multi-Templating He explained that he called it “HTML 5 friendly” because there is really nothing HTML 5 specific about it -- it could be 4. But it enables developers to use new elements that are present in HTML5 without having a JSF component library that is written to take advantage of those specifically. It gives the page author the ability to use plain HTML5 to write their page, but to still take advantage of the server-side available in JSF. He presented a demo showing JSF 2.2’s ability to leverage the expressiveness of HTML5. Burns then explained the significance of face flows, which offer function points and quantify how much work has taken place, something of great value to JSF users. He went on to talk about JSF 2.2.’s cross-site request forgery protection (CSRF) and offered details about how it protects applications against attack. Then he talked about JSF 2.2’s File Upload Component and explained that the final specification will have Ajax and non-Ajax support. The current milestone has non-Ajax support implemented. He then went on to explain its capacity to add facelets through ResourceHandler. Previously, JSF 2.0 added Facelets and ResourceHandler as disparate units; now in JSF 2.2 the two concepts are unified. Finally, he explained the concept of multi-templating in JSF 2.2 and went on to discuss more medium-level features of the release. For an easy, low maintenance way of staying in touch with JSF developments go to JSF’s Twitter page where every month or so, important updates are offered.

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  • Connection Pooling is Busted

    - by MightyZot
    A few weeks ago we started getting complaints about performance in an application that has performed very well for many years.  The application is a n-tier application that uses ADODB with the SQLOLEDB provider to talk to a SQL Server database.  Our object model is written in such a way that each public method validates security before performing requested actions, so there is a significant number of queries executed to get information about file cabinets, retrieve images, create workflows, etc.  (PaperWise is a document management and workflow system.)  A common factor for these customers is that they have remote offices connected via MPLS networks. Naturally, the first thing we looked at was the query performance in SQL Profiler.  All of the queries were executing within expected timeframes, most of them were so fast that the duration in SQL Profiler was zero.  After getting nowhere with SQL Profiler, the situation was escalated to me.  I decided to take a peek with Process Monitor.  Procmon revealed some “gaps” in the TCP/IP traffic.  There were notable delays between send and receive pairs.  The send and receive pairs themselves were quite snappy, but quite often there was a notable delay between a receive and the next send.  You might expect some delay because, presumably, the application is doing some thinking in-between the pairs.  But, comparing the procmon data at the remote locations with the procmon data for workstations on the local network showed that the remote workstations were significantly delayed.  Procmon also showed a high number of disconnects. Wireshark traces showed that connections to the database were taking between 75ms and 150ms.  Not only that, but connections to a file share containing images were taking 2 seconds!  So, I asked about a trust.  Sure enough there was a trust between two domains and the file share was on the second domain.  Joining a remote workstation to the domain hosting the share containing images alleviated the time delay in accessing the file share.  Removing the trust had no affect on the connections to the database. Microsoft Network Monitor includes filters that parse TDS packets.  TDS is the protocol that SQL Server uses to communicate.  There is a certificate exchange and some SSL that occurs during authentication.  All of this was evident in the network traffic.  After staring at the network traffic for a while, and examining packets, I decided to call it a night.  On the way home that night, something about the traffic kept nagging at me.  Then it dawned on me…at the beginning of the dance of packets between the client and the server all was well.  Connection pooling was working and I could see multiple queries getting executed on the same connection and ethereal port.  After a particular query, connecting to two different servers, I noticed that ADODB and SQLOLEDB started making repeated connections to the database on different ethereal ports.  SQL Server would execute a single query and respond on a port, then open a new port and execute the next query.  Connection pooling appeared to be broken. The next morning I wrote a test to confirm my hypothesis.  Turns out that the sequence causing the connection nastiness goes something like this: Make a connection to the database. Open a result set that returns enough records to require multiple roundtrips to the server. For each result, query for some other data in the database (this will open a new implicit connection.) Close the inner result set and repeat for every item in the original result set. Close the original connection. Provided that the first result set returns enough data to require multiple roundtrips to the server, ADODB and SQLOLEDB will start making new connections to the database for each query executed in the loop.  Originally, I thought this might be due to Microsoft’s denial of service (ddos) attack protection.  After turning those features off to no avail, I eventually thought to switch my queries to client-side cursors instead of server-side cursors.  Server-side cursors are the default, by the way.  Voila!  After switching to client-side cursors, the disconnects were gone and the above sequence yielded two connections as expected. While the real problem is the amount of time it takes to make connections over these MPLS networks (100ms on average), switching to client-side cursors made the problem go away.  Believe it or not, this is actually documented by Microsoft, and rather difficult to find.  (At least it was while we were trying to troubleshoot the problem!)  So, if you’re noticing performance issues on slower networks, or networks with slower switching, take a look at the traffic in a tool like Microsoft Network Monitor.  If you notice a high number of disconnects, and you’re using fire-hose or server-side cursors, then try switching to client-side cursors and you may see the problem go away. Most likely, Microsoft believes this to be appropriate behavior, because ADODB can’t guarantee that all of the data has been retrieved when you execute the inner queries.  I’m not convinced, though, because the problem remains even after replacing all of the implicit connections with explicit connections and closing those connections in-between each of the inner queries.  In that case, there doesn’t seem to be a reason why ADODB can’t use a single connection from the connection pool to make the additional queries, bringing the total number of connections to two.  Instead ADO appears to make an assumption about the state of the connection. I’ve reported the behavior to Microsoft and am awaiting to hear from the appropriate team, so that I can demonstrate the problem.  Maybe they can explain to us why this is appropriate behavior.  :)

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