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• RAID setup for maximizing data retention and read speed

  - by cat pants

  My goals are simple: maximize data retention safety, and maximize read speeds. My first instinct is to do a a three drive software RAID 1. I have only used fakeraid RAID 1 in the past and it was terrible (would have led to data loss actually if it weren't for backups) Would you say software raid 1 or a cheap actual hardware raid card? OS will be linux. Could I start with a two drive raid 1 and add a third drive on the fly? Can I hot swap? Can I pull one of the drives and throw it into a new machine and be able to read all the data? I do not want a situation where I have a raid card fail and have to try and find the same chipset in order to read my data (which i am assuming can happen) Please clarify any points on which it sounds like I have no idea what I am talking about, as I am admittedly inexperienced here. (My hardest lesson was fakeraid lol) Thanks!

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• rsnapshot stats

  - by Obscur Moirage

  I'd like to retrieve the following stats from rsnapshot files synced added files modded files deleted files Is there a feature to retrieve these in rsnapshot, or is there another product that's able to do it? EDIT: As requested, I'll try to show that I'm not just asking what I want to do without any research. I wasn't able to locate any rsnapshot feature doing this. Maybe I'm searching in a wrong direction. So, I've built a not very pretty script, called each time before rsnapshot is ran. This Perl script stores each file MD5, in order to compare backup files structures between rsnapshot updates. I'm pretty sure it's worthless to show this code here. I think that keeping an eye on what change on a server, for example, is a useful feature. So, I'm asking. @pauska Most of the time, I'm trying to search for an answer myself, which is not the case here. Thanks

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• Volume expanded in Volume Group, old disk reduced but still in use in system

  - by Yurij73

  Tryed to add a new hard sdb (not formated) to my virtualbox Centos. Successfully extended an existing vg_localhost to /dev/sdb/ # lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_localhost/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_localhost LV UUID DkYX7D-DMud-vLaI-tfnz-xIJJ-VzHz-bRp3tO LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.centos, 2012-12-17 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 18,03 GiB Current LE 4615 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk +-vg_localhost-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0 0 18G 0 lvm / +-vg_localhost-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] sda 8:0 0 9G 0 disk +-sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot +-sda2 8:2 0 8,5G 0 part sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom df -h /dev/mapper/vg_localhost-lv_root 6,5G 6,2G 256M 97% / tmpfs 499M 200K 499M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 78M 382M 17% /boot it still old sda in use, what i have to do further?

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• Ubuntu server 12.04.03 not checking disk partitions on reboot?

  - by jamesc

  My MOTD is showing: *** /dev/md2 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** *** /dev/md1 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** *** /dev/md3 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** However, a standard sudo shutdown -r now does not appear to check the disks and the message remains. My guess is that the partitions 'should' be checked and that they are not being... so how can I get Ubuntu to check the partitions at reboot and keep things nice and safe? Update - this is the output of cat /etc/fstab proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 /dev/md/0 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/md/1 /boot ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/md/2 / ext4 defaults 0 0 /dev/md/3 /home ext4 defaults 0 0 Update 2 - One message gone... Using @christianwolff's suggestions... sudo rm /var/lib/update-notifier/fsck-at-reboot sudo touch /forcefsck sudo shutdown -r now And now the motd is down to *** /dev/md1 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** *** /dev/md3 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** So 'md2(ext4)' has been checked and the message updated.

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• Encrypt backups with GPG to multiple tapes

  - by Dan

  Currently, I use tar to write my backups (ntbackup files) to a tape drive fed by an autoloader. Ex: tar -F /root/advancetape -cvf /dev/st0 *.bkf (/root/advancetape just has the logic to advance to the next tape if there is one available or notify to swap the tapes out) I was recently handed the requirement to encrypt our tape backups. I can easily encrypt the data with no problems using GPG. The problem I'm having is how do I write this to multiple tapes with the same logic that tar uses to advance the tapes once the current one is filled? I cannot write the encrypted file to disk first (2+TB). As far as I can tell, tar will not accept binary input from stdin (it's looking for file names). Any ideas? :(

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• Folder vs File Folder - Can I create a folder from the command line?

  - by Tim Gradwell

  If I create a shortcut to a folder and drag the shortcut onto the start menu, then the shortcut on the start menu behaves just like any other shortcut - click it to open the folder in explorer. However, if I drag the folder onto the start menu, then it expands in-situ. If I then copy this shortcut(?) into another location on my machine and compare it to other files/folders, its type appears as "Folder" as opposed to "File Folder" (which is what I get when I choose File-New-Folder. What's the difference between these two types of folder? Can I create one of these folders without dragging onto the start menu? Thanks

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• Listing packages in a repositiory?

  - by noloader

  I'm working on Ubuntu 12.04 Server. I want to install OpenStack, so I enabled the Cloud Archive repo: sudo add-apt-repository cloud-archive:havana After the subsequent update and upgrade, I noticed python-crypto changed. python-crypto recently fixed a CVE, so I would like to ensure I'm using the patched version of python-crypto. I'd also like to compare the python-crypto in both Ubuntu and Cloud Archive. How does one list the package information for both Ubuntu::python-crypto and CloudArchive::python-crypto? (And sorry I could not tag this with apt-cache. Its not available in the list of tags). Thanks in advance

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• HP DL380 G5 Predictive failure of a new drive

  - by CharlieJ

  Consolidated Error Report: Controller: Smart Array P400 in slot 3 Device: Physical Drive 1I:1:1 Message: Predictive failure. We have an HP DL380 G5 server with two 72GB 15k SAS drives configured in RAID1. A couple weeks ago, the server reported a drive failure on Drive 1. We replaced the drive with a brand new HDD -- same spares number. A few days ago, the server started reporting a predictive drive failure on the new drive, in the same bay. Is it likely the new drive is bad... or more likely we have a bay failure problem? This is a production server, so any advice would be appreciated. I have another spare drive, so I can hot swap it if this is a fluke and new drive is just bad. THANKS! CharlieJ

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• Windows Media Player functionality for Ubuntu

  - by Xeoncross

  I have way to many music files to bother with setting up playlists. Especially since my files locations keeps changing as I move stuff around and swap between different computers, different mount points, and even different Operating Systems! So managing my media with any application is doomed to failure. However, since I still want to listen to the music I usually just select all the files I want to play at a time and then right-click to open them in a media player. Works great in windows media player and places all the tracks in a temp playlist on the sidebar. Fails in ubuntu using Rhythmbox since it doesn't understand "temp" playlists and just keeps adding files to your FULL listing of all sings on your whole computer. I have over three copies of some tracks now in my audio collection - and all of them are now invalid because the location of the files has changed. So what media player (for Ubuntu) works well with just temporary playlists and will allow me to open up my files without adding them to a collection?

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• Cisco: changing VTP mode server/client to transparent

  - by J. Smith

  I have around 40 L2 switches (2960, 3560, 3500, 3750) running in VTP client mode and one L3 switch (6500) running in VTP server mode, all connected together. I would like to switch everything in VTP transparent mode without any interruption of service. I've already test on a poc version with 3 switches (Catalyst 2950, 3560 and 3750). Using serial and SSH connection, it is seems working but i'm not sure it is enough representative compare to the real network. Knowing that the VTP Pruning is enabled, I am wondering what would be the best procedure to proceed the changement. I've read that we could lost connection by keeping it enabled. Should I change the server or clients first? Is it important to change the VTP domain and VTP Pruning parameters?

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• Greater than or equal check when using Group Policy Preferences and Item Level Targeting in the Registry

  - by edusysadmin

  I'm implementing some screen saver configurations via Group Policy Preferences (on Win7 Enterprise x64 desktops). The desired configuration is to have users be able to adjust their screen saver and screen saver time out, but not allow them to select non screen saver or a time out higher than 45min. I've found a great write-up for configuration of the screen saver (link) but cannot find a way to configure the time out. I cannot find a way to have the item level targeting compare the reg key HKCU\Control Panel\Desktop\ScreenSaveTimeOut value and force an over-write of the key if configured above 45min/2700seconds. Anyone else tried something like this or found a means to do this?

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• Swappable hard-drives for laptop

  - by lacqui

  I am bringing my old laptop for recycling, and removed my hard drive beforehand. The drive is a 320GB SATA drive, which is the same as my current laptop's drive. I would like to be able to easily swap between the two drives, in order to dual-boot that way. My laptop (Toshiba Satellite A500) needs a tiny Philip's screwdriver to get at the hard drive bay. I would like to replace that with something that is more easily changed, while still allowing the hard drive to rest on the desk. It can stick out a bit due to the laptop's feet, but not too far.

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• What is the best way to configure the number of workers in Apache?

  - by rbm

  My site receives a lot of traffic for 2 hours during the day (2000 hits per minute). The rest of the day receives less traffic(500e hits per minute). I have been experimenting with the MaxClients and MaxSpareServers values but I still get some downtime during peek hours. How can I calculate the best values for my configuration based on the amount of ram that I have ? Each process is like 36-40 M of Memory total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3096 793 2302 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 793 2302 Swap: 0 0 0 Values that I am using now <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 10 MinSpareServers 22 MaxSpareServers 60 ServerLimit 90 MaxClients 90 MaxRequestsPerChild 400 </IfModule>

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• Where is the php.ini file in Ubuntu hardy?

  - by April

  Where is the php.ini file in Ubuntu hardy? The file found in path called /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini.ucf-dist. Do I need to rename file 'php.ini.ucf-dist' to 'php.ini'? Where is the system currently reading the php information when I run info.php file? I tried to compare one item what gets displayed when I run info.php file and when I edit the 'php.ini.ucf-dist' file. The 'memory_limit' shows 128M when I run info.php file but in the 'php.ini.ucf-dist' file it is set to 16M. So this cant be the same file being read by the system currently? Thanks for help.

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• Load on Ubuntu 8.04 LTS high

  - by Paddington

  My Ubuntu 8.04 LTS server periodically has a high load avg spike(once every 2 days) resulting in Apache timing out and virtualy everything even SSH to the server is not possible. When I am on the console and run TOP is see that The load avg increases from less than 1 to above 60 in 15 mins. How can I isolate the cause? top - 09:21:51 up 37 days, 20:18, 6 users, load average: 5.41, 5.53, 5.36 Tasks: 160 total, 2 running, 156 sleeping, 0 stopped, 2 zombie Cpu(s): 65.0%us, 8.8%sy, 0.0%ni, 1.0%id,24.6%wa, 0.3%hi, 0.3%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3989468k total, 3444984k used, 544484k free, 360460k buffers Swap: 11687248k total, 178168k used, 11509080k free, 881772k cached

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• First-class help desk solution? [closed]

  - by Andy Gregory

  A help desk, for larger companies is a place for centralized help within an enterprise to help the users of their products and services.Therefore,to find the solution that best fits your business requirements, it is important to research, examine, and compare help desk software. As far as I know,Hesk is an free helpdesk software with some limited features while h2desk can provide the hosted solution. But for my small business,i just need a web based help desk software which can provide ticket management and knowledge base faq. We need unlimited staff support. Maybe a freeware help desk software can not meet our needs. So,we are willing to pay for effective helpdesk solution. But it should be low cost. We have gotten two choice: iKode Helpdesk Nethelpdesk Our helpdesk team are tend to iKode Helpdesk. Any other efficient first-class help desk solution to share?

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• Can Visual Studio track the "size" or "severity" of my changes in TFS?

  - by anaximander

  I'm working on a sizeable project using VS2012 and TFS (also 2012, I think - I didn't set up the server). A lot of my recent tasks have required making very small changes to a lot of files, so I'm quite used to seeing a lot of items in my Pending Changes list. Is there a way to have VS and/or TFS track how much has been changed and let me know when the differences are becoming significant? Similarly, is there a way to quickly highlight where the major changes are when you get the latest version from TFS? It'd really help with tracking down where certain changes have been made without having to go through and compare every file - the difference highlighting tool might be nice, but when you have to use it on a dozen files to find the block you're looking for, you start to wonder if there's a faster way...

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• scsi and ata entries for same hard drive under /dev/disk/by-id

  - by John Dibling

  I am trying to set up a ZFS pool using 4 bare drives which I have attached to my Ubuntu system via a SATA hot swap backplane. These are Hitachi SATA drives. When I list the contents of /dev/disk/by-id, I see two entries for each drive: root@scorpius:/dev/disk/by-id# ls | grep Hitachi ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1064C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG190AC ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1DGPC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1064C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG190AC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1DGPC I know these are the same drives because I wrote down the serial numbers, and all the other drives in this system are either Seagate or WD. The serial number for the first one, for example, is YNG0ZJ7C. Why are there two entries here for each drive? More to the point, when I create my ZFS pool which one should I use; the scsi- one or the ata- one?

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• EC2 Amazon Linux AMI MySQL CPU @ 62% When Idle?

  - by Jeff

  I am running MySQL on an Amazon Linux AMI. There is nothing connected to it. There are no connections and no other applications running that use MySQL. It is completely idle, but yet, top is reporting that mysql is using 62% of the CPU? Why is this happening and how do I fix it? Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 97.8%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 1.7%st Mem: 1738504k total, 390708k used, 1347796k free, 56888k buffers Swap: 917500k total, 0k used, 917500k free, 229804k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 2959 mysql 20 0 466m 39m 5244 S 62.2 2.3 4:00.67 mysqld 1 root 20 0 19252 1504 1212 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.20 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd There are no connections... mysql> show processlist; +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | 5 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist | +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+

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• VPS stops responding every now and again

  - by Or W

  I have a Linode vps that I use to host some of my websites on. It's Ubuntu based and it's up to date in terms of all packages. I don't have any cron jobs scheduled or any automatic processes. I host a few (up to date) wordpress blogs there that have very little traffic altogether. Every day (at a different time) my server stops responding, I can't SSH to it, web access is getting timed out and it just dies until I reboot it through the Linode manager. On the linode dashboard I can see that the CPU is not very high (2-3%) Incoming/Outgoing traffic is on 0 and the IO count has a spike just before the server stops responding (SWAP IO is at 2k and IO Rate is at 5k). When I reboot the server everything is just fine. I'm trying to figure out a way to analyze what's going on at these random times where the server freezes up. How can I determine the problem?

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• ionice idle is ignored

  - by Ferran Basora

  I have been testing the ionice command for a while and the idle (3) mode seems to be ignored in most cases. My test is to run both command at the same time: du <big folder> ionice -c 3 du <another big folder> If I check both process in iotop I see no difference in the percentage of io utilization for each process. To provide more information about the CFQ scheduler I'm using a 3.5.0 linux kernel. I started doing this test because I'm experimenting a system lag each time a daily cron job updatedb.mlocate is executed in my Ubuntu 12.10 machine. If you check the /etc/cron.daily/mlocate file you realize that the command is executed like: /usr/bin/ionice -c3 /usr/bin/updatedb.mlocate Also, the funny thing is that whenever my system for some reason starts using swap memory, the updatedb.mlocate io process is been scheduled faster than kswapd0 process, and then my system gets stuck. Some suggestion? References: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1243951&page=2 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/findutils/+bug/332790

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• Show image in cell based on cell value

  - by JoeM

  I am creating a weekly income comparison table. I want to compare A5 and A10 cells and display appropriate image in B7 cell. The image will be either UP or DOWN arrow (which reflects increase or decrease). I've created a formula which puts text up or down in the cell, but I don't know how to replace it with the up/down image. =IF(D77>D69, "up", IF(D77<D69, "down")) How can I do it? I know it's possible. Note: I am using Google Docs Excel, so please let me know if this cannot be done in it, but I have to use the real Excel installed on my laptop.

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• Disk controller speed responsible for slow write speeds?

  - by vizvayu

  I have question. I'm using ESXi 4.0U1 in an IBM x3200M2 with an integrated LSI 1064e RAID controller, without any kind of cache. I have 3 250GB HOT-SWAP SATA HDs configured in RAID1E (IME). ESXi works fine, read speed are quite OK, but write speeds are incredible slow, never more than 8MB/s, and this is the best case scenario, benchmarking with iozone streaming writes, using a VMWare Paravirtual controller and with only this VM active, no swapping of any kind (total vm memory reserved). Already wrote to IBM but I don't have any kind of pay support so they didn't even answered, so I'm just wondering... anybody has any experience with a similar setup? I just want to be sure this is hardware related and can't be fixed with some kind of config option, because I'm thinking on buying a new RAID controller (Adaptec 2405 looks nice). Thanks again!

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• RAID 5 heavy IO hard freezes Ubuntu: Why?

  - by Luke has no name

  I have a software RAID 5 partition on LVM in Ubuntu (desktop, actually, but I'm using it as a server). I have been rsyncing a ton of data to it, and the computer was hard freezing, as in I needed to press "Reset". So I thought it was rsync. But I decided I'd try a dd if=/dev/zero of=/path/to/raid5 and sure enough, the computer locked up. Did an identical dd to a JBOD partition on the same machine, and it didn't crash. Assuming a clean RAID5 partition, tri-core processor 2GB of ram, 6GB swap, what could be causing this?

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• rsync (or robocopy) from multiple computers - what happens?

  - by TheCleaner

  If a Linux server has two different rsync jobs nightly for the same folder to two different destinations, do both destinations end up with the same end set of files? Or does the first job run, and set something on the source folder/files that would cause the 2nd rsync job to not realize the daily changes/updates to the source? Same for a Windows environment using something like robocopy, or even a "differential" backup using BUE or similar. Does each "sync" compare the destination to the source and update the destination regardless of if it is synced multiple times to different destinations?

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