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  • How to minimize the amount of place used by GPL copyright notice?

    - by Lukasz Lew
    Gnu GPL page advocates a following header in each file of GPL project: This file is part of Foobar. Foobar is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. Foobar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with Foobar. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/. I find this an over kill. Can't it be shorter and somehow refer to COPYING or LICENCE file?

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  • lapply slower than for-loop when used for a BiomaRt query. Is that expected?

    - by ptocquin
    I would like to query a database using BiomaRt package. I have loci and want to retrieve some related information, let say description. I first try to use lapply but was surprise by the time needed for the task to be performed. I thus tried a more basic for-loop and get a faster result. Is that expected or is something wrong with my code or with my understanding of apply ? I read other posts dealing with *apply vs for-loop performance (Here, for example) and I was aware that improved performance should not be expected but I don't understand why performance here is actually lower. Here is a reproducible example. 1) Loading the library and selecting the database : library("biomaRt") athaliana <- useMart("plants_mart_14") athaliana <- useDataset("athaliana_eg_gene",mart=athaliana) 2) Querying the database : loci <- c("at1g01300", "at1g01800", "at1g01900", "at1g02335", "at1g02790", "at1g03220", "at1g03230", "at1g04040", "at1g04110", "at1g05240" ) I create a function for the use in lapply : foo <- function(loci) { getBM("description","tair_locus",loci,athaliana) } When I use this function on the first element : > system.time(foo(cwp_loci[1])) utilisateur système écoulé 0.020 0.004 1.599 When I use lapply to retrieve the data for all values : > system.time(lapply(loci, foo)) utilisateur système écoulé 0.220 0.000 16.376 I then created a new function, adding a for-loop : foo2 <- function(loci) { for (i in loci) { getBM("description","tair_locus",loci[i],athaliana) } } Here is the result : > system.time(foo2(loci)) utilisateur système écoulé 0.204 0.004 10.919 Of course, this will be applied to a big list of loci, so the best performing option is needed. I thank you for assistance. EDIT Following recommendation of @MartinMorgan Simply passing the vector loci to getBM greatly improves the query efficiency. Simpler is better. > system.time(lapply(loci, foo)) utilisateur système écoulé 0.236 0.024 110.512 > system.time(foo2(loci)) utilisateur système écoulé 0.208 0.040 116.099 > system.time(foo(loci)) utilisateur système écoulé 0.028 0.000 6.193

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  • Anyway to get a value similar to @@ROWCOUNT when TOP is used?

    - by cfeduke
    If I have a SQL statement such as: SELECT TOP 5 * FROM Person WHERE Name LIKE 'Sm%' ORDER BY ID DESC PRINT @@ROWCOUNT -- shows '5' Is there anyway to get a value like @@ROWCOUNT that is the actual count of all of the rows that match the query without re-issuing the query again sans the TOP 5? The actual problem is a much more complex and intensive query that performs beautifully since we can use TOP n or SET ROWCOUNT n but then we cannot get a total count which is required to display paging information in the UI correctly. Presently we have to re-issue the query with a @Count = COUNT(ID) instead of *.

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  • In this example where is the C++ assignment operator used rather than the copy constructor ?

    - by Bill Forster
    As part of an ongoing process of trying to upgrade my C++ skills, I am trying to break some old habits. My old school C programmer inclination is to write this; void func( Widget &ref ) { Widget w; // default constructor int i; for( i=0; i<10; i++ ) { w = ref; // assignment operator // do stuff that modifies w } } This works well. But I think the following is closer to best practice; void func( Widget &ref ) { for( int i=0; i<10; i++ ) { Widget w = ref; // ?? // do stuff that modifies w } } With my Widget class at least, this works fine. But I don't fully understand why. I have two theories; 1) The copy constructor runs 10 times. 2) The copy constructor runs once then the assignment operator runs 9 times. Both of these trouble me a little. 2) in particular seems artificial and wrong. Is there a third possibility that I am missing ?

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  • Predicate usually used for array/list how about here?

    - by amit kohan
    In following code (Josh Smith's article on MVVM), can somebody give me some insight about return _canExecute == null ? true : _canExecute(parameter); ? it is a normal if/else statement but I'm not getting the last part of it. public class RelayCommand : ICommand { #region Fields readonly Action<object> _execute; readonly Predicate<object> _canExecute; #endregion // Fields #region Constructors public RelayCommand(Action<object> execute) : this(execute, null) { } public RelayCommand(Action<object> execute, Predicate<object> canExecute) { if (execute == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("execute"); _execute = execute; _canExecute = canExecute; } #endregion // Constructors #region ICommand Members [DebuggerStepThrough] public bool CanExecute(object parameter) { return _canExecute == null ? true : _canExecute(parameter); } public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged { add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; } remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; } } public void Execute(object parameter) { _execute(parameter); } #endregion // ICommand Members } Thanks.

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  • Does Oracle 11g automatically index fields frequently used for full table scans?

    - by gustafc
    I have an app using an Oracle 11g database. I have a fairly large table (~50k rows) which I query thus: SELECT omg, ponies FROM table WHERE x = 4 Field x was not indexed, I discovered. This query happens a lot, but the thing is that the performance wasn't too bad. Adding an index on x did make the queries approximately twice as fast, which is far less than I expected. On, say, MySQL, it would've made the query ten times faster, at the very least. I'm suspecting Oracle adds some kind of automatic index when it detects that I query a non-indexed field often. Am I correct? I can find nothing even implying this in the docs.

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  • Serialize a C# class to binary be used by C++. How to handle alignment?

    - by glenn.danthi
    I am currently serializing a C# class into a binary stream using BinaryWriter. I take each element of the class and write it out using BinaryWriter. This worked fine as the C++ application reading this binary file supported packed structs and hence the binary file could be loaded directly. Now I have got a request to handle alignment as a new application has popped up which cannot support packed structs. What's the best way to convert the C# class and exporting it out as a binary keeping both 2 byte as well as 4 byte alignment in mind? The user can choose the alignment.

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  • Can Tiny C compiler be used for Open CV code compiling?

    - by Enjoy coding
    Hi Gurus, I am new to OpenCV and I have only Tiny C compiler configured on my Windows XP machine. Can I use this tiny C compiler to compile opencv programs for image manipulations. I have alredy installed python2.6 and opencv2.0 on my windows xp pc. If we can compile how can we do that? I tried on net but found nothing of use.. Please help.

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  • Can Drupal Taxonomy module be used to categorize court records and briefs?

    - by DKinzer
    I'm currently working on project that involves moving a database of documents for court records and briefs over to a Drupal environment. One of the problems that we are faced with is how to index these documents. In our court district, records and briefs all have a docket number which is assigned to a case. The interesting thing is that when multiple cases merge the docket numbers associated to the case become synonymous: Case 1, documents have Doceket No. A Case 2, documents have Docket No. B If case Cases 1 and Case 2 merge, then Docket No. A = Docket No. B My first inclination is to create Docket Vocabulary and have the terms of this Taxonomy be the docket numbers. I am hoping to take advantage of the fact that terms can be synonymous. I understand that there are several functions in the Taxonomy module that I may be able to take advantage, of including: taxonomy_get_synonyms taxonomy_get_related But I'm having problems convincing my collegues that this is the way to go, and frankly I'm not certain it's the right solution either. If anyone has had a similar issue and can offer some guidance as to how to move forward, I would greatly appreciate it. Thanks! D I've asked a related question (which I would also need to answer in order to move forward with this solution): http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2656247/can-drupal-terms-in-different-taxonomies-be-synonymous

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  • Can a lambda can be used to change a List's values in-place ( without creating a new list)?

    - by Saint Hill
    I am trying to determine the correct way of transforming all the values in a List using the new lambdas feature in the upcoming release of Java 8 without creating a **new** List. This pertains to times when a List is passed in by a caller and needs to have a function applied to change all the contents to a new value. For example, the way Collections.sort(list) changes a list in-place. What is the easiest way given this transforming function and this starting list: String function(String s){ return [some change made to value of s]; } List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Bob", "Steve", "Jim", "Arbby"); The usual way of applying a change to all the values in-place was this: for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { list.set(i, function( list.get(i) ); } Does lambdas and Java 8 offer: an easier and more expressive way? a way to do this without setting up all the scaffolding of the for(..) loop?

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  • Need Insight - What is the best practice for syncing up a production database that will be used on a

    - by james
    I have a site set up using CakePHP and MySQL and I want to work on a test database without disrupting my live site in case something goes wrong. I have another busy site, but my test site runs off the live database which can be occasionally nerve wracking. What do I do if I change a table name in the test db and I want it changed in the live database? Or if I remove a record from the test database. Is there a way to diff the changes? How do I even merge those changes? How does this interfere with live user edits and things of that nature? Hopefully some of you working devs can share some insight!

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  • Which Namespaces Must Be Used to Connect to SQL Server with ADO.NET?

    - by every_answer_gets_a_point
    i am using this example to connect c# to sql server. can you please tell me what i have to include in order to be able to use sqlconnection? it must be something like: using Sqlconnection; ??? string connectionString = @"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=""C:\SQL Server 2000 Sample Databases\NORTHWND.MDF"";Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout=30;User Instance=True"; SqlConnection sqlCon = new SqlConnection(connectionString); sqlCon.Open(); string commandString = "SELECT * FROM Customers"; SqlCommand sqlCmd = new SqlCommand(commandString, sqlCon); SqlDataReader dataReader = sqlCmd.ExecuteReader(); while (dataReader.Read()) { Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} {1}", dataReader["CompanyName"], dataReader["ContactName"])); } dataReader.Close(); sqlCon.Close();

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  • Then files in my project folder used for what?

    - by william-hu
    I finished one project. But others want me give them the non-Compiled code.what's that? My project folder include: Classes:of course, the source code. build: I don't understand clearly. imagesrc: I added, include the images of my project. The others are the nib file. Give me the explanation in detail,thank you so much.

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  • Why junit ComparisonFailure is not used by assertEquals(Object, Object) ?

    - by Philippe Blayo
    In Junit 4, do you see any drawback to throw a ComparisonFailure instead of an AssertionError when assertEquals(Object, Object) fails ? assertEquals(Object, Object) throws a ComparisonFailure if both expected and actual are String an AssertionError if either is not a String @Test(expected=ComparisonFailure.class ) public void twoString() { assertEquals("a String", "another String"); } @Test(expected=AssertionError.class ) public void oneString() { assertEquals("a String", new Object()); } The two reasons why I ask the question: ComparisonFailure provide far more readable way to spot the differences in dialog box of eclipse or Intellij IDEA (FEST-Assert throws this exception) Junit 4 already use String.valueOf(Object) to build message "expected ... but was ..." (format method invoqued by Assert.assertEquals(message, Object, Object) in junit-4.8.2): static String format(String message, Object expected, Object actual) { ... String expectedString= String.valueOf(expected); String actualString= String.valueOf(actual); if (expectedString.equals(actualString)) return formatted + "expected: " + formatClassAndValue(expected, expectedString) +" but was: " + formatClassAndValue(actual, actualString); else return formatted +"expected:<"+ expectedString +"> but was:<"+ actualString +">"; Isn't it possible in assertEquals(message, Object, Object) to replace fail(format(message, expected, actual)); by throw new ComparisonFailure(message, formatClassAndValue(expectedObject, expectedString), formatClassAndValue(actualObject, actualString)); Do you see any compatibility issue with other tool, any algorithmic problem with that... ?

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  • How to create the automatic mass form submitter (javascript-ajax script) to be used on the 3rd part

    - by Daniel
    I need a script that can handle the following tasks. Take user data from my database and fill in and submit / post data to forms located on third part websites.: So I want to know if is it hard to create or do somebody knows if does exists some script for mass form submissions in PHP -Javascript-Ajax ? I run Dancers & Hostess & Model jobs website, I would like to find some script which allows the girls automaticly submit to hundreds websites forms (other 3rd part model agencies) with their similar model application form info on my website previously specified, 1).Firstly the girls will fill out my agency portfolio very detailed form , like this i will get all the model personal info from them , 2) Secondly i would like to allow for example models to submit to 100 and more other model agencies forms (I will find those websites before, and I will get their field names = values and thanks to some script would like to connect them with every girl data already created in my website to submit . I would like to implement it to my wordpress website where the girls has their portfolios instead of my pages . I would like to offer this service especially to models , it should work like some directory submitters , The script knows names - values and fill it out itself, but I want it online - browser side, where the girls should only fill out captcha if there is and click the button "submit".After succesful submit it should offer other form to submit. I would be very happy if you know the answer or if you can redirect me to some article

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  • What is the term(s) used to describe programming language syntax?

    - by Mr Roys
    Is there an exact/correct term to describe this difference between the syntax/constructs of programming langauges e.g VB6 with its (if ... else ... endif) and C# with its curly braces for conditional statements. I'm using VB6 syntax and C# as examples since I'm more familiar with their syntax. For example, Visual Basic 6's syntax uses a more verbose, natural language like structure. If (id = 0) Then id = MyObject.Add(Me) Else Call MyObject.Update(Me) End If while C# has more concise syntax like: if (id == 0) { id = MyObject.Add(this); } else { MyObject.Update(this); } Conciseness? Natural languageness? Or is there a more "scientific" word for describing syntax?

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  • In Ruby, why is a method invocation not able to be treated as a unit when "do" and "end" is used?

    - by Jian Lin
    The following question is related to the question "Ruby Print Inject Do Syntax". My question is, can we insist on using do and end and make it work with puts or p? This works: a = [1,2,3,4] b = a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end puts b # prints out 10 so, is it correct to say, inject is an instance method of the Array object, and this instance method takes a block of code, and then returns a number. If so, then it should be no different from calling a function or method and getting back a return value: b = foo(3) puts b or b = circle.getRadius() puts b In the above two cases, we can directly say puts foo(3) puts circle.getRadius() so, there is no way to make it work directly by using the following 2 ways: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end but it gives ch01q2.rb:7:in `inject': no block given (LocalJumpError) from ch01q2.rb:4:in `each' from ch01q2.rb:4:in `inject' from ch01q2.rb:4 grouping the method call using ( ) doesn't work either: a = [1,2,3,4] puts (a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end) and this gives: ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected kDO_BLOCK, expecting ')' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected '|', expecting '=' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:6: syntax error, unexpected kEND, expecting $end end) ^ finally, the following version works: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject { |sum, x| sum + x } but why doesn't the grouping of the method invocation using ( ) work in the earlier example? What if a programmer insist that he uses do and end, can it be made to work?

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  • What list of words can be used in commit messages after fixing a bug?

    - by mkafkas
    I am currently working on a senior project on software engineering and implementing a defect prediction mechanism in software projects which use version control system. Therefore, i want to ask the community about their commit message procedures. Which words in the commit messages may infer "bug fixed" meaning? So that, i can understand that the modified files in that revision was in a buggy state?

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  • How often is authenticated SOCKS5 used as an HTTP proxy in organizations?

    - by brainsnorkel
    I'm wondering how frequently organisations use SOCKS5 as their web proxy protocol over, say, HTTP or authenticated HTTP proxies. Should an application even bother supporting SOCKS5 as an HTTP proxy? What percentage of organisations use SOCKS as a HTTP proxy? If you work in an organisation where you use SOCKS5, particularly authenticated SOCKS5, as the means of achieving HTTP Internet connectivity I'd be interested in hearing your thoughts. If you have experience with requirements for SOCKS5 proxies in your software I'd like to hear your thoughts too.

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