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  • Filesystem fragmentation on the level of set of files

    - by trismarck
    The file is stored in blocks by the file system. The block is the smallest amount of data the file system can assign to store a file. The classical definition of a fragmented file is that the file is stored in blocks that are 'scattered' (that are physically non-contiguous) around the hard drive. What I want to ask about is this second type of fragmentation I've came up with. Lets suppose we install a program. This program has very many files. When the program starts, the program always loads the contents of those files sequentially. Now, even if the hard disk is defragmented, there is still a possibility that the files (but not the blocks building up to files) will be scattered on the disk and thus the program launch time will be longer. Actually, this time could be longer due to defragmentation of the disk, as the defragmentation process not only glues fragmented files but also moves some files to optimize free space chunks. The questions: is the type of fragmentation I mentioned relevant for the file system? is it possible to remedy this kind of fragmentation and if yes, how would you do it? Also, I'm not sure if this question should belong to superuser or to serverfault (as I guess the filesystem fragmentation is more important in the server environment).

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  • Which Large File System Format to use for USB Flash drive compatible with Ubuntu/Mac/Windows?

    - by wajiw
    I've had this problem for a long time and can't find a solution. I switch between the 3 OSes all the time and use a 1TB USB Drive to do so. I can't seem to find a format that is compatible across all systems that handles large files (at least 8-9 GB). Does anyone have a solution for this? Recently I've tried exFat but that messes up the filesystem when trying to read on windows after adding files from Ubuntu (using the fuse driver). The OSes currently I'm using are Windows Vista/7, Mac OS X (10.6.5) and Ubuntu 10.10

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  • How to get a maximum file size of VZFS parition?

    - by Nulldevice
    I have a VPS hosting with a VZFS file system. How can I determine maximum file size of VZFS partition? UPD: Free space (or total space) is not what i need. Sometimes file cannot occupy a hole partition volume - fat16 with 2Gb limit is a good example. I need to use a large database file (say, 64Gb) and so I need to know if a file system of VPS hosting will cope with it. It is easy to calculate for an ext3 filesystem using tune2fs, but VPS uses VSFS by Virtuozzo, and it is documented bad. Is it any generic way to calculate maximum file size for some filesystem in linux?

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  • Splunk is fantastically expensive: What are the alternatives?

    - by samsmith
    This has been discussed, but it has been several months, so it may be time to revisit it: Earlier discussion RE Splunk alternatives For the record, Splunk rocks. But the pricing is simply beyond what we can consider (When I spoke with Splunk today, the cost for a system to index 5gb/day of data is over $30,000.) That is more than we spend on SQL Server (by a large multiple), more than we spend on a rack of servers (by a multiple), etc. etc. The splunk sales team is correct (that for $30K we get more value and functionality than if we spend the same building our own system), but it doesn't matter. The splunk cost is simply too high (by a multiple). Soooooo, we are looking around! Is anyone out there building a splunk like system? Our basic need: Able to listen for syslog messages on multiple udp ports Able to index the incoming data in an async way Some kind of search engine Some kind of UI An API to the search engine (to embed in our console) We currently need to index 3-5gb/day, but need to be able to scale to 10gb/day or more. We do not need a lot of history (30 days is fine). We use Windows 2008 and 2003 servers. Thanks for your thoughts!

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  • Robocopy hiding folders on backup drives

    - by Neil Barnwell
    I have a backup batch file that uses Robocopy to backup my files: robocopy "C:\" "G:\Default\RoboCopyBackup\C" /XF Pagefile.sys /XD "System Volume Information" "Recycler" "Temporary Internet Files" "Installer Cache" "Temp" /E /R:1 /W:0 /TEE /XJ This should create a folder structure on the external backup drive like so: G:\Default\RoboCopyBackup\C\... However, G: appears totally empty. What is weird, is that the folders and files are there! If I type the above path into the address bar, I see all the files and folders! Can anyone help me work out why? I think it might be some NTFS-based ownership/permissions thing but I'm not sure.

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  • lwp-rget changes file format automatically to .bin?

    - by Hector Tosado Jimenez
    Im trying to recursively get an html page to get everything that's there and save it to my directory. Lwp-rget from perl allows me to do this but I'm having the problem that its getting all the files and changing them from .rpm, .xml, .html, etc to .bin. I've been trying to maybe use the --keepext=application/xml or any type but it continues to save the file as .bin. Any way I can stop that auto formatting? Thanks.

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  • Looking for a file-system overlay using LD_PRELOAD

    - by ki.lya.online.fr
    Hi, I'm looking for a shared library that is to be loaded using LD_PRELOAD that would modify the view of the filesystem to the client program. Ideally, I'd like to choose the filesystem root (or use / as root) and to overlay the filesystem by renaming filenames. For example, I might want to tell my program to look for /usr/lib/* in /usr/lib32/* instead. Do you know of such a program ? Thanks.

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  • Best filesystem for an external drive? ExFAT?

    - by GiH
    What is the best filesystem for use with multiple OS's? I saw this question but its old and doesn't take into account ExFAT. Here is what I know from my findings: NTFS - Can't write from Mac FAT32 - Doesn't support files larger than 4GB HFS - Only mac ExFAT - ??? I don't know much about this but it seems like it got rid of the 4GB limit of FAT32 and can be read on Windows, Mac, and Linux. Is ExFAT the best bet? I tried formatting the drive in ExFAT just now, but on Windows XP SP3 it was showing up as not formatted... It seems to me like FAT32 is still the best, but I wanted to see what other people had to say.

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  • USB Virus, "Program too big to fit in memory"?

    - by ApprenticeHacker
    I got an installer for a piece of software via usb from a friend.Now what was weird was that although my friend and I had the same OS, same brand of laptop and I had a newer version (though I don't think this quite matters), the installer was running properly for him but not for me. It just showed a command line window and exited. I ran it via a batch file in which I included "pause" after running it. Here's the screenshot: Later my friend called me and told me that it was the USB that was the problem. It had some kind of virus on it and it corrupted every executable or folder on it , and it renamed all the sub_files inside folders to some weird jargon. He had tried using another USB and the installer worked fine. Now the friend has (unfortunately) gone back to his city and I can't get the installer again from him. My question is: Is there any way to repair the installer executable and run it? and Do you think the virus has infected my PC? (I have run a system scan with my antivirus and it showed nothing but still I'm worried)

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  • Copy past speed very slow for a large number of tiny files on Windows but not on linux

    - by Arno2501
    I've got this folder which contains 15'000 of tiny images (around 400 bytes each). If I copy past this folder on my laptop (Windows 7, i7 latest gen, superfast ssd) it takes about 30 seconds (yes for 7 megs !!!) the average transfer rate is 400 KBytes / second which is so slow. I mean my usual transfer rate is more like hundreds of MBytes per second !!! I get the same problem on my servers (Windows 2003, 2008 /r2) and on every Windows box that I could get my hands on. On the other hand if I do the same on a linux box (debian base, Ext3 FS) (which runs on the same SAN than all the windows servers I've tested) It's nearly instantaneous !!! I'm pretty sure the size / number of the files may stress such filesystem more than another but such differences !? Why is that ? Why is it so slow on the windows boxes (more that 30 sec for 7 MB) and so fast on the linux ones (one sec or so) (I mean this was not a hardlink that I've created it was a true copy). Is it a normal behaviour or something unusual ?

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  • What is the state of ext3 support in Mac OS X 10.6? [closed]

    - by gzuki
    Possible Duplicate: Mount ext2/ext3 in Mac OS X Snow Leopard I have a 1tb hard drive, I want it to have one partition that can serve as an interchange between linux (ubuntu) and mac (snow leopard). HFS+ scares me a bit, and I can't seem to get a clear picture on whether or not something like fuse can reliably write ext3 partitions in mac. Any good advice on this topic? Should I just pick HFS+ or ext3 and hope for the best (or just deal with only getting read-only on one OS)?

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  • Filesystem to quickly get recent modifications

    - by liori
    Hello, I've got relatively big filesystem (ext4) with lots of small files and I'd like to backup it. Making full backups often is not feasible to me so I want to have a way to make differential/incremental backups (differential preferred). But... this is laptop, and scanning for changed files takes lots of time. My questions: 1) Is it possible to get list of files changed since some date from ext4's journal? I know it wasn't designed with this idea in mind, and it might be too small for bigger timespans, but maybe it is somehow possible? 2) Is it possible to monitor filesystem modifications and maintain a list of changed files reliably? I think I could use inotify, but this might be too slow to monitor full filesystem and might be unreliable. (by reliable I mean either I get all modifications since last backup (and this list is not missing anything) or an error message). Laptop runs Debian unstable.

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  • How is the filesystem of Wikipedia designed?

    - by Heo
    I read about FHS, and I started to consider the file system of wikipedia. On the one hand, I feel it is a security risk to let everyone know it. On the other hand, it is necessary for developers. For example, is there some rule to know where are all sitemaps and their indices located? So: How is the file system of Wikipedia designed?

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  • Will these instructions work when turning of journaling on an ext4 SSD?

    - by snowlord
    I have an Acer Aspire One with an SSD for storage. I recently installed Ubuntu on it and chose ext4 for my filesystem. Then I read that journaling on an SSD isn't the best idea, so I will try to disable journaling and I have found these intstructions (from http://fenidik.blogspot.com/2010/03/ext4-disable-journal.html): # Create ext4 fs on /dev/sda10 disk mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda10 # Enable writeback mode. This mode will typically provide the best ext4 performance. tune2fs -o journal_data_writeback /dev/sda10 # Delete has_journal option tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/sda10 # Required fsck e2fsck -f /dev/sda10 # Check fs options dumpe2fs /dev/sda10 |more For more performance add fstab opions: data=writeback,noatime,nodiratime i.e: /dev/sda10 /opt ext4 defaults,data=writeback,noatime,nodiratime 0 0 I will use them on my boot partition. Are there any particularly bad parts here, or are there any missing steps? Will my boot partition be fit for being on an SSD after this? Or should I consider switching to ext2, or even reinstall it all and choose ext2 at partitioning time (I'd rather not though, since I've configured quite some stuff already)?

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  • How to rename a BTRFS subvolume?

    - by hochl
    I have a BTRFS filesystem with a set of subvolumes in it. So far so good. I need to change the name of a subvolume, unfortunately the btrfs program does not allow me to rename a subvolume. Searching with Google has yielded some results, one said I can just mv, the other said I can just snapshot to a new name and delete the old subvolume. Before I crash my partition and have to reload it from the backup (it's quite large), my question is: What is the currently best way to rename a subvolume? Is it ok to just mv it, or will it invalidate some internal structures? Is making a new snapshot and removing the old subvolume the way to go, or has this some drawbacks? I know everything is still experimental, but for my purposes it has been working quite well (so far, and I have incremental backups for each day).

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  • ExtX file system on my usb key

    - by yves Baumes
    Hi all, if I format my usb key with an extX file system, copy some files on it and then give it to a friend for him to add files or modify existing one on this key, then he is rejected by its own system. Because its User ID (UID) nor GID are the same as mine on my machine. How to get rid of this limitation? Is it possible to disable user rights on a ext2/ext3 partition? Of course, I would really like not to rely on any other file system.

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  • User reduced LVM logical volume without resizing filesystem

    - by Matthew
    I received an email yesterday that one of our users was trying to make room for a heartbeat/clustering package which requires its own partition to act as a voting disk. To do this, he attempted to reduce the size of the root partition's logical volume, and then create a new logical volume for this purpose. However, he forgot to resize the filesystem first (or include the -r switch in the command). He also forgot to unmount the root partition by running this process from a rescue cd. The system is now refusing to boot into the OS with the following error: Either the superblock or the partition table is likely to be corrupt! Unexpected Inconsistency; run fsck manually. The system them drops the user into single user mode. Is it possible to rescue the filesystem, or is it hosed? Its running ext3.

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  • Can't create a file even if rights allow and I've relogged in

    - by stiv
    I try to create file in folder with group write access, user tomcat7 is in group. Why isn't it workin? skr@konrad~/data/asu$ sudo -u tomcat7 sh $ whoami tomcat7 $ echo > /home/skr/data/asu/g.gz.index sh: 2: cannot create /home/skr/data/asu/g.gz.index: Permission denied $ ls -la /home/skr/data/asu/ total 18708 drwxrwxr-x 2 skr skr 4096 Sep 29 08:38 . drwxrwxr-x 85 skr skr 4096 Jul 30 00:42 .. $ grep ^skr /etc/group skr:x:1002:tomcat7:mail Tried to logout, but it doesn't help. Any ideas?

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  • How to monitor a folder for changes, and execute a command if it does, on Windows?

    - by Camilo Martin
    There are similar questions for Linux and Mac, but I'm after a Windows solution here. The problem is as follows: I want to write several (js) script files in a folder, and have a program monitor that folder for file changes and new files being added, and run a command whenever that happens (to compile them all into one single file). The solution has to: Monitor both file changes and new files being added, in a folder. Run a command only if there is any change. It would be best if it either is a built-in solution (like a JScript or VBscript snippet), or something that does not require installation.

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  • MySQL “filegroup”??

    - by Xaitec
    Coming for using Sql Server where there are file-groups, i was wondering if there is (i'm sure there is) something similar in MySQL. After all the database cant be limited to just one hard drive( if using windows that is). I've tried to search but its hard to find the something that you don't know the name of!.

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  • Infotips for Word Documents in Windows XP in Network Drives

    - by Knight Samar
    Hi, MS Word 2007 files have a property page for entering details like summary and title. This is displayed when you hover over the documents on Desktop. Now on my Windows XP SP2 computer, inside Windows Explorer, it shows the special properties for all such files from Desktop, but not from the Network Drives. This is a big problem when I have a large collection of Word documents all in one folder. How can I display these special properties (infotips) for documents in my network drives ? Thanks :)

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  • Does moving a file outside NTFS loose data in alternate data streams?

    - by jay
    I have a lot of files on machine running Windows Server 2008 which I wanted to move to a Fedora machine. How can I keep the attributes stored in, for example, media files (date taken, rating, length, etc) while transfering it to outside the realm of NTFS's Alternate Data Streams. I'm aware that similar metadata exists in other file systems, but what happens when you move these files? And what's the best way to retain them in other file systems?

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