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• Considerations for a business looking to transition from PSTN to IP Telephony

  - by Bryce Thomas

  Full disclosure - This is related to a homework assignment question. I am not asking you to do my work for me, I am merely looking for some pointers and considerations to direct me in my further research. I have an assignment I'm working on where I've been given a scenario where a business wants to look into transitioning to using "Internet Telephone" as opposed to a traditional PSTN/PBX system and I need to write a report on it. I'm after some high level pointers from people, especially anyone that has been involved in a real life transition of this nature, on what some of the most important considerations are. These can be financial considerations, initial setup considerations, ongoing administrative considerations, quality of service considerations or anything else that is pertinent to performing such a transition.

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• Dell External SAS 5/E HBA and Hyper-V

  - by JohnyD

  I have a Dell R710 running Win2008 R2 + Hyper-V with dual SAS 5/E HBA's. I'm building a Linux VM to install Bacula on and I need to connect it to my Dell PowerVault 124T via the SAS HBA. I've been doing some looking online and I have yet to find a straightforward answer on how to connect a SAS HBA to a VM, let alone a Linux VM. The flavor is Ubuntu 32-bit.

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• Centos does not open port/s after the rule/s are appended

  - by Charlie Dyason

  So after some battling and struggling with the firewall, i see that I may be doing something or the firewall isnt responding correctly there is has a port filter that is blocking certain ports. by the way, I have combed the internet, posted on forums, done almost everything and now hence the website name "serverfault", is my last resort, I need help What I hoped to achieve is create a pptp server to connect to with windows/linux clients UPDATED @ bottom Okay, here is what I did: I made some changes to my iptables file, giving me endless issues and so I restored the iptables.old file contents of iptables.old: # Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall # Manual customization of this file is not recommended. *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT after iptables.old restore(back to stock), nmap scan shows: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 13:54 SAST Nmap scan report for server.address.net ([server ip]) Host is up (0.014s latency). Not shown: 997 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 113/tcp closed ident 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 4.95 seconds if I append rule: (to accept all tcp ports incoming to server on interface eth0) iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m tcp -j ACCEPT nmap output: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 13:58 SAST Nmap scan report for server.address.net ([server ip]) Host is up (0.017s latency). Not shown: 858 filtered ports, 139 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 443/tcp open https 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 3.77 seconds *notice it allows and opens port 443 but no other ports, and it removes port 113...? removing previous rule and if I append rule: (allow and open port 80 incoming to server on interface eth0) iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT nmap output: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 14:01 SAST Nmap scan report for server.address.net ([server ip]) Host is up (0.014s latency). Not shown: 996 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp closed http 113/tcp closed ident 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5.12 seconds *notice it removes port 443 and allows 80 but is closed without removing previous rule and if I append rule: (allow and open port 1723 incoming to server on interface eth0) iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m tcp -p tcp --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT nmap output: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 14:05 SAST Nmap scan report for server.address.net ([server ip]) Host is up (0.015s latency). Not shown: 996 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp closed http 113/tcp closed ident 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5.16 seconds *notice no change in ports opened or closed??? after removing rules: iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m tcp -p tcp --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT nmap output: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 14:07 SAST Nmap scan report for server.address.net ([server ip]) Host is up (0.015s latency). Not shown: 998 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 113/tcp closed ident Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5.15 seconds and returning rule: (to accept all tcp ports incoming to server on interface eth0) iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -m tcp -j ACCEPT nmap output: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 14:07 SAST Nmap scan report for server.address.net ([server ip]) Host is up (0.017s latency). Not shown: 858 filtered ports, 139 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 443/tcp open https 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 3.87 seconds notice the eth0 changes the 999 filtered ports to 858 filtered ports, 139 closed ports QUESTION: why cant I allow and/or open a specific port, eg. I want to allow and open port 443, it doesnt allow it, or even 1723 for pptp, why am I not able to??? sorry for the layout, the editor was give issues (aswell... sigh) UPDATE @Madhatter comment #1 thank you madhatter in my iptables file: # Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall # Manual customization of this file is not recommended. *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # ----------all rules mentioned in post where added here ONLY!!!---------- -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT if I want to allow and open port 1723 (or edit iptables to allow a pptp connection from remote pc), what changes would I make? (please bear with me, my first time working with servers, etc.) Update MadHatter comment #2 iptables -L -n -v --line-numbers Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 9 660 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 5 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22 6 0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 6 packets, 840 bytes) num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination just on a personal note, madhatter, thank you for the support , I really appreciate it! UPDATE MadHatter comment #3 here are the interfaces ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:D8:B7:1F:DC inet addr:[server ip] Bcast:[server ip x.x.x].255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21d:d8ff:feb7:1fdc/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:36692 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4247 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2830372 (2.6 MiB) TX bytes:427976 (417.9 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.8.0.1 P-t-P:10.8.0.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) remote nmap nmap -p 1723 [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 16:17 SAST Nmap scan report for server.address.net ([server ip]) Host is up (0.017s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE 1723/tcp filtered pptp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.51 seconds local nmap nmap -p 1723 localhost Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-11-01 16:19 SAST Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1) Host is up (0.000058s latency). Other addresses for localhost (not scanned): 127.0.0.1 PORT STATE SERVICE 1723/tcp open pptp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.11 seconds UPDATE MadHatter COMMENT POST #4 I apologize, if there might have been any confusion, i did have the rule appended: (only after 3rd post) iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT netstat -apn|grep -w 1723 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1723 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1142/pptpd There are not VPN's and firewalls between the server and "me" UPDATE MadHatter comment #5 So here is an intersting turn of events: I booted into windows 7, created a vpn connection, went through the verfication username & pword - checking the sstp then checking pptp (went through that very quickly which meeans there is no problem), but on teh verfication of username and pword (before registering pc on network), it got stuck, gave this error Connection failed with error 2147943625 The remote computer refused the network connection netstat -apn | grep -w 1723 before connecting: netstat -apn |grep -w 1723 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1723 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1137/pptpd after the error came tried again: netstat -apn |grep -w 1723 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1723 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1137/pptpd tcp 0 0 41.185.26.238:1723 41.13.212.47:49607 TIME_WAIT - I do not know what it means but seems like there is progress..., any thoughts???

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• VoIP - need setup ip network with our SIP operator

  - by evgeniy.labusnkiy

  Need to make next one: for ex i'm now in UAE, but i need to make a call to my girlfriend who is in Ukraine. I need to find the way how can i make the connection to my home router and make the call from VoIP gateway using my standard phone network in Ukraine. I have some imagination about this, to do like this: Connect to router or VoIP gateway (how? soft?) using inet - Gateway make a call using standard phone line in my country. Any ideas? Best practice? What devices i need to make this? Pay attention that i don't want to use any SIP providers. Thats a lot!

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• Connect my mac to my external local asp server

  - by Simon Davies

  I have pc server running asp that we use locally for our work that we have several PC's connected to it, and all works ok with this and we can run the sites locally ok. But I would also like to connect our mac to this server so we can also then use Dreamweaver on. I can access the server via the mac and Dreamweaver but when I set up a site(s) via DW using the same settings as we do on a PC and then run locally the site fails. Is there a way I can set up the mac to then be able to run the sites from DW using this local server? iMac IO Lion Dreamweaver Our server is windows 2003 sever.

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• Access Home Network Server via External Address (DSL vs Cable)

  - by Dominic Barnes

  For the last few months, I've been using a server on my home network for basic backups and hosting some small websites. Up until this past week, I've been using Comcast (cable) as an ISP and now that I've moved into an apartment, I'm using AT&T. (DSL) I've set up dynamic DNS and I can verify it works externally. However, I can't seem to access the public address from within the local network. Is there something DSL does differently from Cable that makes this frustration possible?

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• Redirect email based on Source IP / Hostname

  - by PostMan

  So, we have a situation where we would like to be able to redirect (ignoring original destination) emails coming through out exchange server (locally sent) to a different email address. The situation is as follows: Testing a new server, this hosts a lot of our custom applications / scheduled tasks (as does the production version of this server). Instead of changing config files / parameters for these applications we'd rather leave them as they are, as we want to be as close to production as possible, however we don't want the emails go to the staff they would normally go to, we'd rather they were sent to a test email address where we are able to confirm the results. The emails look exactly like the production emails (same from / to / cc / bcc) except their source, hence why we'd like to know if the ability to redirect based on hostname exists. Cheers.

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• NTFS-3G is only mounting external drives as read-only

  - by Phanto

  I'm currently running RHEL 5.5, and I installed the ntfs-3g utility from here: http://www.tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-download/. I have also followed their instructions for auto-mounting NTFS USB drives here: http://www.tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-faq/#plugandplay. The problem I'm experiencing is that ntfs-3g is automatically mounting as root. In order for me to obtain write support, I need to navigate to the mounted device as root, and perform write actions with elevated privileges. Is there a way to mount USB NTFS volumes automatically without needing to sudo every write command? Thanks!

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• Access internal host from a subdomain of an external dns

  - by Mihai

  This image contains the topology I want to make work. I have a linux server that is used for hosting websites and also routing for our internal network. How can I access the internal server that hosts the team foundation server from outside from a domain like teamfoundation.example.com. The parent domain is hosted on the linux machine, is there a way to NAT the dns queries to the windows server? |LINUX SERVER| example.com | | Windows Server(teamfoundation.example.com) _______|_________SWITCH Internal Network

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• postfix is unable to send emails to external domains

  - by BoCode

  Whenever i try to send an email from my server, i get the following error: Nov 13 06:37:21 xyz postfix/smtpd[6730]:connect from unknown[a.b.c.d] Nov 13 06:37:21 xyz postfix/smtp[6729]: warning: host X.com[x.y.z.d]:25 greeted me with my own hostname xyz.biz Nov 13 06:37:21 xyz postfix/smtp[6729]: warning: host X.com[x.y.z.d]:25 replied to HELO/EHLO with my own hostname xyz.biz Nov 13 06:37:21 xyz postfix/smtp[6729]: 2017F1B00C54: to=<[email protected]>, relay=X.com[x.y.z.d]:25, delay=0.98, delays=0.17/0/0.81/0, dsn=5.4.6, status=bounced (mail for X.com loops back to myself) this is the output of postconf -n: address_verify_poll_delay = 1s alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = body_checks_size_limit = 40980000 command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix connection_cache_ttl_limit = 300000s daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 1 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 default_delivery_slot_cost = 2 default_destination_concurrency_limit = 10 default_destination_recipient_limit = 1 default_minimum_delivery_slots = 3 default_process_limit = 10000 default_recipient_refill_delay = 1s default_recipient_refill_limit = 10 disable_dns_lookups = yes enable_original_recipient = no hash_queue_depth = 2 home_mailbox = Maildir/ html_directory = no in_flow_delay = 0 inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = ipv4 initial_destination_concurrency = 100 local_header_rewrite_clients = mail_owner = postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq manpage_directory = /usr/share/man master_service_disable = milter_default_action = accept milter_protocol = 6 mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.localdomain, localhost, $mydomain mydomain = xyz.biz myhostname = xyz.biz mynetworks = 168.100.189.0/28, 127.0.0.0/8 myorigin = $mydomain newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases non_smtpd_milters = $smtpd_milters qmgr_message_active_limit = 500 qmgr_message_recipient_limit = 500 qmgr_message_recipient_minimum = 1 queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix queue_run_delay = 300s readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix.20.10.2/README_FILE receive_override_options = no_header_body_checks sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix.2.10.2/examples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail service_throttle_time = 1s setgid_group = postdrop smtp_always_send_ehlo = no smtp_connect_timeout = 1s smtp_connection_cache_time_limit = 30000s smtp_connection_reuse_time_limit = 30000s smtp_delivery_slot_cost = 2 smtp_destination_concurrency_limit = 10000 smtp_destination_rate_delay = 0s smtp_destination_recipient_limit = 1 smtp_minimum_delivery_slots = 1 smtp_recipient_refill_delay = 1s smtp_recipient_refill_limit = 1000 smtpd_client_connection_count_limit = 200 smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit = 0 smtpd_client_message_rate_limit = 100000 smtpd_client_new_tls_session_rate_limit = 0 smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit = 0 smtpd_delay_open_until_valid_rcpt = no smtpd_delay_reject = no smtpd_discard_ehlo_keywords = silent-discard, dsn smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:8891 smtpd_peername_lookup = no unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 what could be the issue?

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• How to forward external port to internal port using plink

  - by user857990

  For a penetration test where I have shell access to a computer running an old Windows, I'd like to forward port 4450 to 127.0.0.1:445 because the firewall is blocking 445 externally. I'm stuck on the following: plink -L 4450:127.0.0.1:445 SSH-Server According to the documentation I've found, I'd have to specify a SSH-Server. But all documentation I've found just uses an SSH-Server in the same network. To forward it to a localhost port, that wouldn't help. Do I have to install an SSH-Server on that machine or are there other ways?

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• centos TCP/IP connection very slow

  - by yuli chika

  I have a VSP (centos6.1 64bit) with 4gb ram. It always runs well, but in recent few days, the server become slowly. open a small css file need 22 seconds(2kb). tested in home/office/phone with (IE,chrome,safari,firefox). see in firebug networking DNS Lookup ?4?ms Connecting ?21.18?s Sending 1?ms Waiting ?115?ms Receiving ?9?ms The connection cost 21.18 seconds I have checked all the log file, there have no error. top commond, still have free memory. top - 00:23:15 up 8 days, 3:57, 1 user, load average: 3.60, 3.42, 3.83 Tasks: 221 total, 4 running, 217 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 19.3%us, 3.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 76.1%id, 1.4%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4194304k total, 3247724k used, 946580k free, 0k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 0k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 32357 mysql 15 0 3710m 835m 6268 S 34.5 20.4 39:14.40 mysqld 9780 apache 15 0 442m 59m 12m S 33.2 1.4 0:05.69 httpd 9842 apache 15 0 403m 26m 10m S 16.9 0.7 0:01.23 httpd 9847 apache 15 0 412m 45m 22m R 15.3 1.1 0:01.00 httpd 9834 apache 15 0 426m 46m 11m R 13.0 1.1 0:02.22 httpd 9891 apache 15 0 407m 43m 19m S 8.0 1.1 0:00.33 httpd 9845 apache 15 0 414m 51m 24m S 6.0 1.3 0:01.53 httpd 9827 apache 15 0 402m 28m 11m S 3.3 0.7 0:02.69 httpd 9768 apache 16 0 414m 51m 24m S 3.0 1.3 0:06.51 httpd 9889 root 15 0 211m 12m 8160 S 2.7 0.3 0:00.32 php 9702 apache 15 0 415m 55m 26m S 1.7 1.4 0:10.67 httpd 9844 apache 15 0 413m 47m 21m S 1.7 1.2 0:01.21 httpd 9697 apache 15 0 414m 51m 24m S 1.3 1.3 0:11.05 httpd 9778 apache 15 0 414m 53m 25m S 1.3 1.3 0:05.38 httpd 9772 apache 15 0 414m 51m 23m R 0.7 1.3 0:05.04 httpd 9823 apache 15 0 415m 50m 23m S 0.7 1.2 0:03.97 httpd 9837 apache 15 0 402m 27m 11m S 0.3 0.7 0:01.04 httpd Then, how to check where is the problem and fixed it? I haven't change and config files in these days. Thanks.

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• Rewrite URL based off of IP on OpenWRT

  - by Scott

  We are running OpenWRT on a WRT54GL. I have been looking for an answer to this, but I can't seem to figure out what to search for, if its possible, or what combination of programs to use. I want to be able to redirect a HTTP request from a WiFi device based off of their MAC address. This should all be transparent to the device. Basically we are trying to redirect any non-registered devices to a website to register the device (at this point, we would push a new config to the router that would allow this MAC address "full access"). Once a device is registered, it will be redirected to a transparent squid proxy server on another machine for caching/blocking certain sites. I looked at tinyproxy - popilo which redirects but I won't have the MAC address to know if its registered or not. Any help (google suggestions, programs, anything!) would be very much appreciated!

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• Apache /folder redirect to different IP

  - by Physikal

  We have a site, www.domain.net running on xxx.xxx.xxx.1, we would like to have a folder/alias of www.domain.net/time redirect to the root of a site at xxx.xxx.xxx.2. How would you do this with apache directives? Examples would be awesome. Or guides. Thank you very much in advance.

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• TCP/IP & throughput between FreeNAS (BSD) server & other LAN machines

  - by Tim Dickerson

  I have got a question for someone that knows BSD a bit better than me that are in regards to my LAN setup at home/work here outside Chicago. I can't seem to fully optimize my network's (LAN) thoughput via my FreeNAS (BSD based) file server. It runs with the latest FreeBSD release which is modified to support several protocols for file transfers and more. Every machine that is behind my Smoothwall (Linux based) router is on the usual 192.168.0.x subnet and for most part works just fine. Behind the Smoothwall box, all machines are connected to a GB HP unmanaged switch. I host a large WISP here and have an OC-3 connection here at home/work and have no issues with downloading/uploading from/to the 'net'. My problem is with throughput. When I try and transfer large files...really any for that matter..between any of the machines to/and from the FreeNAS server via FTP, the max throughput I can achieve say between a Win 7 or a Linux box is ~65Mbit/sec. All machines are running Intel Pro 1000 GB NIC's and all cable is CAT6. Each is set to 'auto negotiation' and each shows 1500 MTU Full Duplex @1GB so I know the hardware is okay. I have not adjusted the MTU on any machine as I understand it to be pointless unless certain configurations are used (I assume I am not one of those). My settings for the FreeNAS machine are the following: # FreeNAS /etc/sysctl.conf - pertinent settings shown kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=262144 kern.ipc.nmbclusters=32768 kern.ipc.somaxconn=8192 kern.maxfiles=65536 kern.maxfilesperproc=32768 net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0 net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable=0 net.inet.tcp.path_mtu_discovery=0 net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_auto=1 net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_inc=524288 net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_max=16777216 net.inet.tcp.recvspace=65536 net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1 net.inet.tcp.sendbuf_inc=16384 net.inet.tcp.sendbuf_max=16777216 net.inet.tcp.sendspace=65536 net.inet.udp.recvspace=65536 net.local.stream.recvspace=65536 net.local.stream.sendspace=65536 net.inet.tcp.hostcache.expire=1 From what I can tell, that looks to be a somewhat optimized profile for a typical BSD machine acting as a server for a LAN. I might be wrong and just wanted to find out from someone that knows BSD better than I do if indeed that is ok or if something is out of tune or what. Are there other ways I would find better for P2P file transfers? I honestly do not know what I SHOULD be looking for with respect to throughput between the NAS box and another client when xferring files via FTP, but I am told that what I get on average (40-70MB/sec) is too low for what it could be. I have thought about adding another NIC in the FreeNAS box as well as the Win7 machine and use a X-over cable via a static route, but wanted to check with someone first to see if that might be worth it or not. I don't know if doing that would bypass the HP GB switch and allow for a machine to machine xfer anyways. The FTP client I use is: Filezilla and have tried both active and passive modes with no real gain over each other. The NAS box runs ProFTPD.

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• Slow boot for OS and external devices

  - by Derek Van Cuyk

  I have been having this problem intermittently but as of yesterday, it has become more consistent. It originally started when I rebooted my PC at home and the OS (Windows 8) sat in a loop appearing to do nothing while loading. I figured since this was a new installation, that something may have just become corrupted and I decided to reinstall. So I tried to boot off of the thumb drive which had the installation iso and encountered pretty much the same issue. Same with the DVD drive. So, I rebooted once again and left it to load the entire night just to see if it ever would and sure enough this morning, Windows had finally loaded. Authentication had the same roblem albeit not quite as long (took about 5 minutes to authenticate). However, once I was in, everything appeared to be working fine and as quick as normal with the exception of when I tried to scan the C drive for any errors, which ran unbearably slow (45 minutes and before I left for work and was not finished scanning a 64GB SSD drive). I mention that I have had this issue but never when loading the OS. Before it occurred when trying to install windows 7 from a different DVD drive than the one I have now. It took me about 3 hours to do it since I had to wait sometimes 30+ min for each step to finish processing. Does anyone have an idea as to what can cause this? I am assuming it is the motherboard since it is responsible for communication with all the devices I'm having issues with but I cannot find anyone else who has had a problem like this and don't want to drop more money on a MB if it isn't the problem. Hardware: Motherboard: Asus M4A78T-E Socket AM3/ AMD 790GX/ Hybrid CrossFireX Hard Drive: Kingston SSDNow V+180 64GB Micro SATA II 3GB/S 1.8 Inch Solid State Drive SVP180S2/64G Optical Drive: Samsung Blu-Ray Combo Internal 12XReadable and DVD-Writable Drive with Lightscribe SH-B123L/BSBP Thanks, Derek

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• External routing for local interfaces in a virtualized network

  - by Arkaitz Jimenez

  Current setup: br0| |-- tun10 -pipe-tun0(192.240.240.1) |-- tun11 -pipe-tun1(192.240.240.2) |-- tun12 -pipe-tun2(192.240.240.3) The pipe program is a custom program that forwards data back2back between two tun interfaces. The idea is puting 2 programs in .2 and .3 while keeping .1 as the local interface in the current machine. The main problem is that I want to route packets to .2 and to .3 through .1 and br0, but as they are local interfaces, the kernel ignores any routing instruction, it just delivers the packet to the proper interface. Tried iptables, but the nat table doesn't even see ping packets to those ifaces. A "ping 192.240.240.2" delivers a icmp packet with source and dest .2 to tun1, ideally it should deliver a source .1 dest .2 at tun1 through tun0-br0-tun1 Any hint? Here the output of some commands: Output

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• monitoring TCP/IP performance on Solaris

  - by Andy Faibishenko

  I am trying to tune a high message traffic system running on Solaris. The architecture is a large number (600) of clients which connect via TCP to a big Solaris server and then send/receive relatively small messages (.5 to 1K payload) at high rates. The goal is to minimize the latency of each message processed. I suspect that the TCP stack of the server is getting overwhelmed by all the traffic. What are some commands/metrics that I can use to confirm this, and in case this is true, what is the best way to alleviate this bottleneck?

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• Acces internal host from a subdomain of an external dns

  - by Mihai

  Hy to all this image contains the topology i want to make it work. I have a linux server that is used for hosting websites and also routing for our internal network. How can i acces the internal server that hosts the team foundation server from outside, from a domain like teamfoundation.example.com. The parent domain is hosted on the linux machine, is there anyway to NAT the dns queries to the windows server? |LINUX SERVER| example.com | | Windows Server(teamfoundation.example.com) _|___SWITCH Internal Network

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• nginx 2 symfony2 web application, one ip no domain

  - by Krzysztof Koch

  I have irritating with nginx. I set up in /usr/share/nginx/www/firstapp one application and in /usr/share/nginx/www/secondapp. in my default conf i setup that in / root localization i want first app: when write 9.9.9.9 in browser show me first app, and when i write 9.9.9.9/makeup, there not show me seccond app. Why first app displays me good, and seccondapp cannot? Please help me. Sorry for quality here pasterbin code: enter link description here server { listen 80; server_name localhost; root /usr/share/nginx/www/firstapp/web; access_log /var/log/nginx/$host.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log error; # strip app.php/ prefix if it is present rewrite ^/app\.php/?(.*)$ /$1 permanent; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/www/firstapp/web/; index app.php; try_files $uri @rewriteapp; } location /makeup/ { alias /usr/share/nginx/www/seccondapp/web/; index app.php; try_files $uri @rewriteapp; } location @rewriteapp { rewrite ^(.*)$ /app.php/$1 last; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 location ~ ^/(app|app_dev)\.php(/|$) { #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/lib/php5-fpm/www.sock; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param HTTPS off; #fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT 80; }

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• Very long (>300s) request processing time on Apache Server serving static content from particular IP

  - by Ron Bieber

  We are running an Apache 2.2 server for a very large web site. Over the past few months we have been having some users reporting slow response times, while others (including our resources, both on the internal network and our home networks) do not see any degradation in performance. After a ton of investigation, we finally found a "Deny from none" statement in our configuration that was causing reverse DNS lookups (which were timing out) that solved the bulk of our issues, but we still have some customers that we are seeing in the Apache logs (using %D in the log format) with request processing times of 300s for images, css, javascript and other static content. We've checked all Deny / Allow statements for reoccurrence of "none", as well as all other things we know of that would cause reverse DNS lookups (such as using "REMOTE_HOST" in rewrite rules, using %a instead of %h in our log format configuration) as well as verified that HostnameLookups is set to "Off". As an aside, we've also validated that reverse DNS lookups for folks having this problem do not time out - so I'm fairly certain DNS is not an issue in this case. I've run out of ideas. Are there any Apache configuration scenarios that someone can point me to that I might be missing that would cause request times for static content to take so long only for certain users? Thank you in advance.

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• Debian 6 Internet connection sharing aka IP masquerade not working

  - by Rautamiekka

  The problem: the computers [Xbox 360 and a Kubuntu 12.04.1 laptop] can't access Internet through a recently-installed desktopless Debian 6 laptop (which is wirelessly connected to a WLAN station) but addresses are successfully given by dnsmasq. The attempts: 1.1) /etc/dnsmaq.conf conffed according to http://wiki.debian.org/HowTo/dnsmasq: add lines interface=eth0 dhcp-range=192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150,255.255.255.0,12h 1.2) Follow http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-fedora-linux-internet-connection-sharing-howto/ and use their script to setup iptables. 2) Follow the Ubuntu Internet Gateway Method (iptables) at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Internet/ConnectionSharing recommended and which worked at Share internet in Linux. The Debian laptop was rebooted many times and between each attempt, with and without the script auto-executing via /etc/rc.local. While adding the iptables-restore command to that file I disabled the script.

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• Specific IP routing for VPN

  - by Roy

  Is there a way that I can prevent an entire subnet from using internal routing. The VPN server is supposed to be a way to access the company's intranet websites for some people, while for others it is supposed to do routing to the outside only and therefore not having access to any internal websites. The VPN server has a DNS on the actual server but not all should be using this DNS. Some of the users should be directly sent out of the server to the internet. Example: 10.0.0.1 is the DNS on the server, gateway for the VPN 10.0.0.2 is a user (A) on the VPN having access to the intranet websites (subnet is 10.0.0.0/25) 10.0.0.192 is a user (B) only needing routing and no access to intranet websites (subnet is 10.0.0.192/26) All traffic of user B should be directly rerouted out of the server. I have tried several iptables but without success.

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• how to configure my internal dns to resolve external resources

  - by Ralph Shillington

  I have an internal DNS as part of my AD setup. I have an hosted DNS for public resources (which are typically at some data centre somewhere) Occasionally while on our internal network I need to get to a public resource --- for example www.ourcompany.com since there isn't a www record in our internal DNS I cant get the name resolved. How do I configure my DNS to forward names it doesn't recognise to the public DNS. Update: As per the comment yes I have a "split-horizon" dns (which seemed like a good idea at the time) This AD setup is less than 24 hours old, and can be redone if need be -- (although I would rather not)

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• Centos: multiple IP addresses

  - by ace

  I just bought 10 extra IPs from my host. How do I point these at my CentOS 5 server?

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