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  • How to increase the bus factor and specialize at the same time?

    - by bizso09
    In agile pair programming it is recommended to switch pairs every now and then so as to increase the bus factor of the team. That means, most people in the team should work on different parts of the system at different times so that everyone has an understanding of it. Now it is impssible that everyone has an expert level of understanding of each part of the system. That's because people are urged to specialize in one area of expertise. If you are an expert database admin, what's the point of working on the user interface of the system when you switch pairs? You will not be able to do such a high quality job as someone who has extensive experience in UI design. How can you increase the bus factor and make sure that you have specialization in your team?

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  • Hiring New IT Employees versus Promoting Internally for IT Positions

    Recently I was asked my opinion regarding the hiring of IT professionals in regards to the option of hiring new IT employees versus promoting internally for IT positions. After thinking a little more about this question regarding staffing, specifically pertaining to promoting internally verses new employees; I think my answer to this question is that it truly depends on the situation. However, in most cases I would side with promoting internally. The key factors in this decision should be based on a company/department’s current values, culture, attitude, and existing priorities.  For example if a company values retaining all of its hard earned business knowledge then they would tend to promote existing employees internal over hiring a new employee. Moreover, the company will have to pay to train an existing employee to learn a new technology and the learning curve for some technologies can be very steep. Conversely, if a company values new technologies and technical proficiency over business knowledge then a company would tend to hire new employees because they may already have experience with a technology that the company is planning on using. In this scenario, the company would have to take on the additional overhead of allowing a new employee to learn how the business operates prior to them being fully effective. To illustrate my points above let us look at contractor that builds in ground pools for example.  He has the option to hire employees that are very strong but use small shovels to dig, or employees weak in physical strength but use large shovels to dig. Which employee should the contractor use to dig a hole for a new in ground pool? If we compare the possible candidates for this job we will find that they are very similar to hiring someone internally verses a new hire. The first example represents the existing workers that are very strong regarding the understanding how the business operates and the reasons why in a specific manner. However this employee could be potentially weaker than an outsider pertaining to specific technologies and would need some time to build their technical prowess for a new position much like the strong worker upgrading their shovels in order to remove more dirt at once when digging. The other employee is very similar to hiring a new person that may already have the large shovel but will need to increase their strength in order to use the shovel properly and efficiently so that they can move a maximum amount of dirt in a minimal amount of time. This can be compared to new employ learning how a business operates before they can be fully functional and integrated in the company/department. Another key factor in this dilemma pertains to existing employee and their passion for their work, their ability to accept new responsibility when given, and the willingness to take on responsibilities when they see a need in the business. As much as possible should be considered in this decision down to the mood of the team, the quality of existing staff, learning cure for both technology and business, and the potential side effects of the existing staff.  In addition, there are many more consideration based on the current team/department/companies culture and mood. There are several factors that need to be considered when promoting an individual or hiring new blood for a team. They both can provide great benefits as well as create controversy to a group. Personally, staffing especially in the IT world is like building a large scale system in that all of the components and modules must fit together and preform as one cohesive system in the same way a team must come together using their individually acquired skills so that they can work as one team.  If a module is out of place or is nonexistent then the rest of the team will suffer until the all of its issues are addressed and resolved. Benefits of Promoting Internally Internal promotions give employees a reason to constantly upgrade their technology, business, and communication skills if they want to further their career Employees can control their own destiny based on personal desires Employee already knows how the business operates Companies can save money by promoting internally because the initial overhead of allowing new hires to learn how a company operates is very expensive Newly promoted employees can assist in training their replacements while transitioning to their new role within a company. Existing employees already have a proven track record in regards fitting in with the business culture; this is always an unknown with all new hires Benefits of a New Hire New employees can energize and excite existing employees New employees can bring new ideas and advancements in technology New employees can offer a different perspective on existing issues based on their past experience. As you can see the decision to promote an existing employee from within a company verses hiring a new person should be based on several factors that should ultimately place the business in the best possible situation for the immediate and long term future. How would you handle this situation? Would you hire a new employee or promote from within?

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  • Have you downloaded the All-In-One Code Framework?

    - by Eric Nelson
    The Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework is a free, centralized code sample library provided by the Microsoft Community team. It aims to provide typical code samples for all Microsoft development technologies. The team listens to developers’ pains in MSDN forums, social media and various developer communities and write code samples based on developers’ frequently asked programming tasks. Additionally, our team offers a free code sample request service. Awesome?! I think so. Have also just added it to 99 technical resources for developers and architects inside ISVs – also worth checking out. Check it out on codeplex

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  • Project Management Tool for developers and sysadmins: shared or separate?

    - by David
    Should a team of system administrators who are on a software development project share a project management tool with the developers or use their own separate one? We use Trac and I see the benefit in sharing since inter-team tasks can be maintained by a single system where there may be cross-over or misfiled bugs (e.g. an apparent bug which turns out to be a server configuration issue or a development cycle which needs a server to be configured before it can start) However sharing could be difficult since many system administration tasks don't coincide with a single development milestone if at all. So should a system administration team use a separate PM Tool or share the same one with the developers? If they should share, then how?

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  • Webcor Builders Coordinates Construction Schedules and Mitigates Potential Delays More Efficiently with Integrated Project Management

    - by Sylvie MacKenzie, PMP
    Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} With more than 40 years of commercial construction experience, Webcor Builders is a leading builder of distinguished, high-profile projects, including high-rise condominiums and hotels, laboratories, healthcare centers, and public works projects. Webcor is also known for its award-winning concrete, interior construction, historic restoration, and seismic renovation work. The company has completed more than 50 million square feet of projects to date. Considering the variety and complexity of the construction projects Webcor undertakes, an integrated project management solution is critical to ensuring optimal efficiency and completing client projects on time and on budget. The company previously used a number of scheduling systems for its various building projects. These packages provided different levels of schedule detail and required schedulers, engineers, and other employees to learn multiple systems. From an IT cost and complexity perspective, the company had to manage multiple scheduling systems and pay for multiple sets of licenses. The company looked to standardize on an enterprise project management system, and selected Oracle’s Primavera P6 Enterprise Project Portfolio Management. Webcor uses the solution’s advanced capabilities to schedule complex projects, analyze delays, model and propose multiple scenarios to demonstrate and mitigate delays and cost overruns, and process that information efficiently to deliver the scheduling precision that public and private projects require. In fact, the solution was instrumental in helping the company’s expansion into public sector projects during the recent economic downturn, and with Primavera P6 in place, it can deliver the precise schedule reporting required for large public projects. With Primavera P6 in place, the company could deliver the precise scheduling and milestone reporting capabilities required for large public projects. The solution is in managing the high-profile University of California – Berkeley Memorial Stadium project. Webcor was hired as construction manager and general contractor for the stadium renovation project, which is a fast-paced project located near the seismically active Hayward Fault Zone. Due to the University of California’s football schedule, meeting the Universities deadline for the coming season placed Webcor in a situation where risk awareness and early warnings of issues would be paramount. Webcor and the extended project team needed a solution that could instantly analyze alternate scenarios to mitigate potential delays; Primavera would deliver those answers.The team would also need to enable multiple stakeholders to use an internet-based platform to access the schedule from various locations, and model complicated sequencing requirements where swift decisions would be made to keep the project on track. The schedule is an integral part of Webcor’s construction management process for the stadium project. Rather than providing the client with the industry-standard monthly update, Webcor updates the critical path method (CPM) schedule on a weekly basis. The project team also reviews the schedule and updates weekly to confirm that progress and forecasted performance are accurate. Hired by the University for their ability to deliver in high risk environments The Webcor team was hit recently with a design supplement that could have added up to 70 days to the project. Using Oracle Primavera P6 the team sprung into action analyzing multiple “what if” scenarios to review mitigation means and methods.  Determined to make sure the Bears could take the field in the coming season the project team nearly eliminated the impact with their creative analysis in working the schedule. The total time from the issuance of the final design supplement to an agreed mitigation response was less than one week; leveraging the Oracle Primavera solution Webcor was able to deliver superior customer value With the ability to efficiently manage projects and schedules, Webcor can ensure it completes its projects on time and on budget, as well as inform clients about what changes to plans will mean in terms of delays and additional costs. Read the complete customer case study at :  http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/customers/customersearch/webcor-builders-1-primavera-ss-1639886.html

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  • In centralized version control, is it always good to update often?

    - by janos
    Assuming that: You are in a team developing some software. Your team is using centralized version control in the development process. You are working on a new feature which will surely take several days to complete, and you won't be able to commit before that because it would break the build. Your team members commit something every day that affects some of the files you're working with for your fancy new feature. Since this is centralized version control, you will have to update your local checkout at some point: at least once right before committing the new feature. If you update only once right before your commit, then there might be a lot of conflicts due to the many other changes by your teammates, which could be a world of pain to resolve all at once. Or, you could update often, and even if there are a few conflicts to resolve day by day, it should be easier to do, little by little. Can we say that it is always a good idea to update often?

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  • How to customize live Ubuntu CD with my own branding?

    - by Ahash
    I would like to create a customized UbuntuOS (Live CD/DVD) for my office and house by installing some additional packages. I have followed this link but it doesn't seems to work. Can anyone provide clear instructions? Customize Packages that I want to install: KDE Desktop Enviornment Thunderbird VLC Player WIne Programme Loader Skype Playmouth Manager Super Boot Manager Synaptic Package Manager Changes that I need: Different default Ubuntu wallpaper Installing KDE Environment Changing Boot (Splash) Screen with my customize theme I want to installing ubuntu With 2 Language, Bangla & English Please Note, I do not prefer Remastersys, manual way will be appreciated.

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  • Featured partner: Avnet To Supply Oracle Enterprise Cloud Management Solutions In Middle East & North Africa Region

    - by Javier Puerta
    "Global IT solutions distribution leader, Avnet Technology Solutions have been approved to distribute Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c, a complete, integrated and business-driven enterprise cloud management solution, in the Middle East & North Africa region. This will help Avnet which serve customers and suppliers in more than 70 countries to accelerate partners’ business growth in the region while providing support and enablement services to help them quickly address local opportunities. Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c creates business value from IT by leveraging the built-in management capabilities of the Oracle stack for traditional and cloud environments. Using this solution, customers have reported 12 times faster achievement of IT-business alignment. According to Senior Director Oracle business MENA, Avnet Technology Solutions, Hani Barakat, “Enterprises in the Middle East and North Africa region can increase their efficiency and responsiveness while reducing costs and complexity for traditional data centers, virtualised, and cloud computing environments with the help of Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c.” See full press release in "Ventures Africa"

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  • ultrasn0w Unlocks iOS 4.2.1

    - by Gopinath
    iPhone dev team who always succeeds in jailbreaking  iPhones and other iOS devices has done it again. They are able to unlock all iPhones running on iOS 4.2 except iPhone 4. MuscleNerd, a member of iPhone Dev team tweeted Finally got ultrasn0w working fully on 4.2.1. Apple inadvertently(!) broke ultrasn0w via aggressive compiler optimization The jailbreak tool for iPhone 3G and iPhone 3GS will be released soon(may be tomorrow) even though they are still trying to figure out a way to unlock iPhone 4. Read more details on this at dev team blog. This article titled,ultrasn0w Unlocks iOS 4.2.1, was originally published at Tech Dreams. Grab our rss feed or fan us on Facebook to get updates from us.

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  • Tips to Increase PC Performance in Windows 7

    The Windows 7 Task Manager is a solid tool that gives you an overview of what is happening in terms of running processes on your computer. While the Task Manager may appear simple to the naked eye it can be used in several ways to help identify possible sources of problematic performance. This tutorial will offer some tips that you can employ with the Task Manager to help improve your PC s performance.... Rolling out Agile Development? Try now! Explore Agile on an integrated platform for Agile and traditional development

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  • Consultant in a firm that doesn't understand the tech!

    - by techsjs2012
    I got the job as a Consultant in a firm that has 3 other programmers. My job is to rewrite all the old system in Java, Spring etc but the staff programmers only know perl and the manager does not know any programming. I am trying to get them to understand that I have 6 projects to rewrite here but no one has design docs or spec. the staff programmers never had to write any documents. Plus I cant get the manager to understand the new java tech stuff.. he keeps asking some of the staff for views on things but the staff don't know it or understand it. Where do I go from here to make the manager understand that the staff programmers or someone has to write a design document so I know what to build. or if I have to write the documents how do I get the information?

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  • How to Convince management that a specific product training is important to QA?

    - by Rahul
    I am leading a QA team of 10 people. we have been received the request for a training of a ETL dataware housing tool for QA, Support and Development. But however the management does not feel that it is important for QA to be involved in such a training as it is support and development team who will be involved ih developing or fixing the issues in the product. How do I convince the management that this training is very important from the QA perspective as this is the team that will find bugs and which will reduce the maintainance cost?

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  • Why are downloads from Canonical Partners repository so slow?

    - by Sabacon
    If I need Sun Java, Adobe Flash Plugin or anything else that comes from Canonical Partners the package downloads are painfully slow even small sized packages like the Flash plugin, to speed things up I have to go here: http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/pool/partner/ to find what I want, download the packages with a download manager (which is usually about 20 times faster than the package manager) and then place them in my /var/cache/apt/archives folder I run the package manager afterwards, as long as the right versions of the packages I ask to install are detected in the /var/cache/apt/archives folder they will be installed immediately. I would like to stop doing this, so I am wondering if anyone else has this problem, what could be the cause and if there is a fix. I am located in the Western Caribbean region. I think it would be helpful to note that all other packages coming from the repository I have selected with synaptic download at acceptable speeds.

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  • Environment Award for AgroSense Java Farm Management System

    - by Geertjan
    Beating IBM's energy information system and Evoswitch's modular data central hall, Ordina's AgroSense, a farm management system for precision agriculture, received the prestigious IT Environment Award in the Netherlands yesterday. AgroSense is an agricultural services platform created in Java on the NetBeans Platform. It looks like this: Among other things, the team has been investigating whether and how to integrate JavaFX games into the AgroSense platform, as well as other JavaFX-oriented effects. Here's a pic of the red tulip award that the team received yesterday at a black tie award ceremony: The original announcement of the nominations for this competition in English can be read here. On Twitter, you can follow the AgroSense project here: @AgroSense Congratulations, AgroSense team, for this fantastic achievement!

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  • The SQL Server ODBC Driver for Linux is Available!

    - by The Official Microsoft IIS Site
    The first beta release of the SQL Server ODBC Driver for Linux is available for download! As announced in October , the “Multiplatform Team” (a.k.a. the “MPlat Team”) has released a preview version of a driver that will provide first-class access to SQL Server from applications running on Linux operating systems. The team is looking for feedback on this release to incorporate into their production-ready release, so try it out and let us know what you think. Here are the important...(read more)

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  • New release for the Visual Studio 2010 and .NET Framework 4 Training Kit

    - by Enrique Lima
    Among the new content in the release, is a set of ALM docs and labs. The ALM content referenced above is: o Using Code Analysis with Visual Studio 2010 to Improve Code Quality o Introduction to Exploratory Testing with Microsoft Test Manager 2010 o Introduction to Platform Testing with Microsoft Test Manager 2010 o Introduction to Quality Tracking with Visual Studio 2010 o Introduction to Test Planning with Microsoft Test Manager 2010 All ALM labs point to the latest version of the VS 2010 RTM VM. You can download the Training Kit from :  http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaylang=en&id=23507 Visit the online content: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/VS2010TrainingCourse Download the most recent version of the Visual Studio: http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaylang=en&id=240

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  • Custom Request Templates

    - by Seth P.
    What kind of information do you require from the project management team before you can proceed on a project? Is there a certain format they utilize on Programming Requests which helps you to understand exactly how the development team can succeed with this project. Example: I always like it when project managers mock up forms. It helps significantly to know how they are visualizing the UI for many tasks. Any suggestions on how we can assist the Project Management team in issuing Programming Requests that are as clear as day will be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Synchronized Property Changes (Part 4)

    - by Geertjan
    The next step is to activate the undo/redo functionality... for a Node. Something I've not seen done before. I.e., when the Node is renamed via F2 on the Node, the "Undo/Redo" buttons should start working. Here is the start of the solution, via this item in the mailing list and Timon Veenstra's BeanNode class, note especially the items in bold: public class ShipNode extends BeanNode implements PropertyChangeListener, UndoRedo.Provider { private final InstanceContent ic; private final ShipSaveCapability saveCookie; private UndoRedo.Manager manager; private String oldDisplayName; private String newDisplayName; private Ship ship; public ShipNode(Ship bean) throws IntrospectionException { this(bean, new InstanceContent()); } private ShipNode(Ship bean, InstanceContent ic) throws IntrospectionException { super(bean, Children.LEAF, new ProxyLookup(new AbstractLookup(ic), Lookups.singleton(bean))); this.ic = ic; setDisplayName(bean.getType()); setShortDescription(String.valueOf(bean.getYear())); saveCookie = new ShipSaveCapability(bean); bean.addPropertyChangeListener(WeakListeners.propertyChange(this, bean)); } @Override public Action[] getActions(boolean context) { List<? extends Action> shipActions = Utilities.actionsForPath("Actions/Ship"); return shipActions.toArray(new Action[shipActions.size()]); } protected void fire(boolean modified) { if (modified) { ic.add(saveCookie); } else { ic.remove(saveCookie); } } @Override public UndoRedo getUndoRedo() { manager = Lookup.getDefault().lookup( UndoRedo.Manager.class); return manager; } private class ShipSaveCapability implements SaveCookie { private final Ship bean; public ShipSaveCapability(Ship bean) { this.bean = bean; } @Override public void save() throws IOException { StatusDisplayer.getDefault().setStatusText("Saving..."); fire(false); } } @Override public boolean canRename() { return true; } @Override public void setName(String newDisplayName) { Ship c = getLookup().lookup(Ship.class); oldDisplayName = c.getType(); c.setType(newDisplayName); fireNameChange(oldDisplayName, newDisplayName); fire(true); fireUndoableEvent("type", ship, oldDisplayName, newDisplayName); } public void fireUndoableEvent(String property, Ship source, Object oldValue, Object newValue) { ReUndoableEdit reUndoableEdit = new ReUndoableEdit( property, source, oldValue, newValue); UndoableEditEvent undoableEditEvent = new UndoableEditEvent( this, reUndoableEdit); manager.undoableEditHappened(undoableEditEvent); } private class ReUndoableEdit extends AbstractUndoableEdit { private Object oldValue; private Object newValue; private Ship source; private String property; public ReUndoableEdit(String property, Ship source, Object oldValue, Object newValue) { super(); this.oldValue = oldValue; this.newValue = newValue; this.source = source; this.property = property; } @Override public void undo() throws CannotUndoException { setName(oldValue.toString()); } @Override public void redo() throws CannotRedoException { setName(newValue.toString()); } } @Override public String getDisplayName() { Ship c = getLookup().lookup(Ship.class); if (null != c.getType()) { return c.getType(); } return super.getDisplayName(); } @Override public String getShortDescription() { Ship c = getLookup().lookup(Ship.class); if (null != String.valueOf(c.getYear())) { return String.valueOf(c.getYear()); } return super.getShortDescription(); } @Override public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt) { if (evt.getPropertyName().equals("type")) { String oldDisplayName = evt.getOldValue().toString(); String newDisplayName = evt.getNewValue().toString(); fireDisplayNameChange(oldDisplayName, newDisplayName); } else if (evt.getPropertyName().equals("year")) { String oldToolTip = evt.getOldValue().toString(); String newToolTip = evt.getNewValue().toString(); fireShortDescriptionChange(oldToolTip, newToolTip); } fire(true); } } Undo works when rename is done, but Redo never does, because Undo is constantly activated, since it is reactivated whenever there is a name change. And why must the UndoRedoManager be retrieved from the Lookup (it doesn't work otherwise)? Don't get that part of the code either. Help welcome!

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  • Nautilus won't browse my USB hard drive unless I double click it twice.

    - by agnul
    On my laptop, running 10.10, whenever I plug in a thumb drive Nautilus will add an icon on the desktop and open a file manager window with the drive contents. This does not work for my 250Mb external hard drive: the icon is added on the desktop, but no file manager window pops up. Double clicking on the icon just causes some disk activity (on the system drive) and nothing else. Double clicking another time on the icon the file manager eventually opens. At first I thought this was related to nautilus-elementary, but after removing nothing has changed. How do I even start debugging this?

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  • The 5 stages reviewing bad TSQL

    - by Mike Femenella
    I'm working with an app team that is light on TSQL expertise this week and couldn't help but draw a parallel to the 5 stages of grieving. Denial: There’s nothing wrong with the code SQL Server has a bug in it. There is a network problem. Anger: You’re doing what in your code?! Why on earth are you doing that? That’s crazy. Bargaining: Fine you can keep your cursor but let’s speed things up a bit. Depression: Ugh, this is so horrible I’m never going to be able to fix all of it. Acceptance: Ok, we’re screwed and we know we’re screwed. This is going to hurt…

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  • Connect to a VPN from a Virtual Machine

    - by kaharas
    I am running an Ubuntu ditro inside a VMWare virtual machine with a bridged connection on a windows 7 host. What I am trying to do is to have the virtual machine connect to a VPN, but I'm not having much success. At first, the system was using wicd, but I replaced it with network-manager who's supposed to have OpenVPN support. The problem is, even tho i've purged the wicd installation, there're connections shown in the network manager, and still, I'm able to access the net. I've also added the openvpn data in the network manager tab, but it's shown as never used. PS: when I try to stop and start the NetworkManager service, an error message pops up telling me that there's not such a service, but apt-get tells me i've already installed it...

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  • @Microsoft: please provide universal and professional concepts

    - by Marko Apfel
    Why such constructs are included in the csproj-Files? <CodeAnalysisRuleSetDirectories>;c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Team Tools\Static Analysis Tools\\Rule Sets</CodeAnalysisRuleSetDirectories> <CodeAnalysisRuleDirectories>;c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Team Tools\Static Analysis Tools\FxCop\\Rules</CodeAnalysisRuleDirectories> So it every projects needs some manual steps to clean the project file so the solution could be build on a continuous integration server. That annoying! And also in a Visual Studio mixed editions team that’s too specific for the ultimate edition. As good as Visual Studio in most cases is, sometimes it is really far away from professional coding fundamentals and best practices.

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  • Why CoffeeScript is an issue

    - by Renso
    Other than some obvious concerns, my main concern is support in the open source community. "anon" from the CoffeeScript team sent this to me after I requested input from the team to concerns I raised and wanted to get others' take on it:"Thanks for confirming that only idiots willingly program in Java and C#"or the following from the same person:"Oh and finally, you should definitely create jShort. Even though I know you will fail before you even start, I would love to laugh at your attempts and it would be perfect for you since you ride the short bus. "This kind of comment reflects badly on the CoffeeScript team and hence not an option for us as a company to consider. Another example of why some open-source community projects get no traction.

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  • Some problem about Compiz and GTK on Ubuntu 14.04

    - by LVHoanh
    I installed Ubuntu 14.04 on my computer : i3/4G/750G/VGA Intel HD3000 & 1GB NVidia with CUDA GT540M. I've some problems with Ubuntu 14.04 : Does Ubuntu 14.04 support Emerald Theme Manager? Emerald Theme Manager is not available in Ubuntu Software Center? I installed Compiz and Compiz Setting Manager, it works ok, but the Windows 3D plugin is not work? The Shutdown/Restart function on Right-Top Panel is not work, is there any solution for this problem? The mouse theme I installed only work in current session, next time i restart computer it change back to default mouse theme? How can i resize the spacing between Desktop Icon? Waiting for everyone respond. Thankyou so much. P/s : My English is not good, expect you understand. :)

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  • Plagued by multithreaded bugs

    - by koncurrency
    On my new team that I manage, the majority of our code is platform, TCP socket, and http networking code. All C++. Most of it originated from other developers that have left the team. The current developers on the team are very smart, but mostly junior in terms of experience. Our biggest problem: multi-threaded concurrency bugs. Most of our class libraries are written to be asynchronous by use of some thread pool classes. Methods on the class libraries often enqueue long running taks onto the thread pool from one thread and then the callback methods of that class get invoked on a different thread. As a result, we have a lot of edge case bugs involving incorrect threading assumptions. This results in subtle bugs that go beyond just having critical sections and locks to guard against concurrency issues. What makes these problems even harder is that the attempts to fix are often incorrect. Some mistakes I've observed the team attempting (or within the legacy code itself) includes something like the following: Common mistake #1 - Fixing concurrency issue by just put a lock around the shared data, but forgetting about what happens when methods don't get called in an expected order. Here's a very simple example: void Foo::OnHttpRequestComplete(statuscode status) { m_pBar->DoSomethingImportant(status); } void Foo::Shutdown() { m_pBar->Cleanup(); delete m_pBar; m_pBar=nullptr; } So now we have a bug in which Shutdown could get called while OnHttpNetworkRequestComplete is occuring on. A tester finds the bug, captures the crash dump, and assigns the bug to a developer. He in turn fixes the bug like this. void Foo::OnHttpRequestComplete(statuscode status) { AutoLock lock(m_cs); m_pBar->DoSomethingImportant(status); } void Foo::Shutdown() { AutoLock lock(m_cs); m_pBar->Cleanup(); delete m_pBar; m_pBar=nullptr; } The above fix looks good until you realize there's an even more subtle edge case. What happens if Shutdown gets called before OnHttpRequestComplete gets called back? The real world examples my team has are even more complex, and the edge cases are even harder to spot during the code review process. Common Mistake #2 - fixing deadlock issues by blindly exiting the lock, wait for the other thread to finish, then re-enter the lock - but without handling the case that the object just got updated by the other thread! Common Mistake #3 - Even though the objects are reference counted, the shutdown sequence "releases" it's pointer. But forgets to wait for the thread that is still running to release it's instance. As such, components are shutdown cleanly, then spurious or late callbacks are invoked on an object in an state not expecting any more calls. There are other edge cases, but the bottom line is this: Multithreaded programming is just plain hard, even for smart people. As I catch these mistakes, I spend time discussing the errors with each developer on developing a more appropriate fix. But I suspect they are often confused on how to solve each issue because of the enormous amount of legacy code that the "right" fix will involve touching. We're going to be shipping soon, and I'm sure the patches we're applying will hold for the upcoming release. Afterwards, we're going to have some time to improve the code base and refactor where needed. We won't have time to just re-write everything. And the majority of the code isn't all that bad. But I'm looking to refactor code such that threading issues can be avoided altogether. One approach I am considering is this. For each significant platform feature, have a dedicated single thread where all events and network callbacks get marshalled onto. Similar to COM apartment threading in Windows with use of a message loop. Long blocking operations could still get dispatched to a work pool thread, but the completion callback is invoked on on the component's thread. Components could possibly even share the same thread. Then all the class libraries running inside the thread can be written under the assumption of a single threaded world. Before I go down that path, I am also very interested if there are other standard techniques or design patterns for dealing with multithreaded issues. And I have to emphasize - something beyond a book that describes the basics of mutexes and semaphores. What do you think? I am also interested in any other approaches to take towards a refactoring process. Including any of the following: Literature or papers on design patterns around threads. Something beyond an introduction to mutexes and semaphores. We don't need massive parallelism either, just ways to design an object model so as to handle asynchronous events from other threads correctly. Ways to diagram the threading of various components, so that it will be easy to study and evolve solutions for. (That is, a UML equivalent for discussing threads across objects and classes) Educating your development team on the issues with multithreaded code. What would you do?

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