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  • Sendmail slow to accept emails

    - by Rich
    I have a PHP web app which is using SMTP to sendmail on localhost to send email. I would like sendmail to accept the mail request immediately and queue it for later sending, as I don't want to have user-facing request threads blocked on emails. Sendmail is installed with the default settings on RHEL web servers. Sometimes sendmail is blocking for a long time after the MAIL command is sent -- sometimes taking 60 or 90 seconds to accept the mail. The time take is usually very close to 60 or 90 sec, which makes me think this is some kind of timeout. I have looked in the sendmail logs, and there are plenty of "deferred" emails, but nothing which looks responsible for this delay. How can I diagnose what is slowing down sendmail? How can I configure sendmail to always accept the mail immediately and to queue the mail for later sending? Update: I'm not sure, but it looks like this might be linked to aol.com addresses. I strongly suspect that sendmail is doing some kind of blocking receipient address verification at the accept-email-for-sending stage. How can I disable that, so that sendmail doesn't block my UI threads? Update 2: This only seems to happen at busy times. Perhaps I am running out of sendmail threads or something? How can I check that?

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  • Windows 7 slowing down during hard drive activity

    - by Iniquities of evil men
    Sometimes when normally using my PC, it will (seemingly) randomly slow down, and maybe sometimes even freeze for several seconds. During this slow down period, it looks like a (I don't know which drive it is) hard drive is constantly being written to. During the last slow down, I started Windows's Ressource Monitor and found out that the System process was writing up to 10MB/s to a drive (I suspect it's the system drive, C:\, but I don't know for sure). I'm not doing anything unusual (at least, I don't think I am), and most of the time, it will work normally, but, as I said, it just randomly slows down for some times. Any ideas on what might be causing this and how I can prevent this from happening again? (I have a triple-core processor and 4GB of RAM. My system drive is a WD Caviar Black 500GB, my secondary, 'data' drive is a Samsung drive, which I don't know the model number of, but I can look it up. I can also post my full PC specs if needed.)

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  • MySQL : table organisation for very large sets with high update frequency

    - by Remiz
    I'm facing a dilemma in the choice of my MySQL schema application. So before I start here is a picture extremely simplified of my database : Schema here : http://i43.tinypic.com/2wp5lxz.png In one sentence : for each customer, the application harvest text data and attached tags to each data collected. As approximation of the usage of each table, here is what I expect : customer : ~5000, shouldn't grow fast data : 5 millions per customer, could double or triple for big customers. tag : ~1000, quite fixed size data_tag : hundred of millions per customer easily. Each data can be tagged a lot. The harvesting process is permanent, that means that around every 15 minutes new data come and are tagged, that require a very constant index refreshing. A lot of my queries are a SELECT COUNT of DATA between specific DATES and tagged with a specific TAG on a specific CUSTOMER (very rarely it will involve several customers). Here is the situation, you can imagine with this kind of volume of data I'm facing a challenge in term of data organization and indexing. Again, it's a very minimalistic and simplified version of my structure. My question is, is it better: to stick with this model and to manage crazy index optimization ? (which involves potentially having billions of rows in the data_tag table) change the schema and use one data table and one data_tag table per customer ? (which involves having 5000 tables on my database) I'm running all of this on a MySQL 5.0 dedicated server (quad-core, 8Go of ram) replicated. I only use InnoDB, I also have another server that run Sphinx. So knowing all of this, I can't wait to hear your opinion about this. Thanks.

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  • How to find the process(es) which are hogging the machine

    - by Aaron Digulla
    Scenario: All of a sudden, my computer feels sluggish. Mouse moves but windows take ages to open, etc. uptime says the load is 7.69 and raising. What is the fastest way to find out which process(es) are the cause of the load? Now, "top" and similar tools isn't the answer because they either show CPU or memory usage but not both at the same time. What I need is the single command which I might be able to type as it happens - something that will figure out any of System is trying to swap 8GB of RAM to disk because process X ... or process X seeks all over the disk or process X uses 400% CPU" So what I'm looking for is iostat, htop/atop and similar tools run into one with an output like this: 1235 cp - Disk trashing 87 chrome - Uses 2&nbsp;GB of RAM 137 nfs_bench - Uses 95% of the network bandwidth I don't want a tool that gives me some numbers which I can analyze but a tool that tells me exactly which process causes the current load. Assume that the user in front of the keyboard barely knows how to write "process", but the user is quickly overwhelmed when it comes to "resident size", "virtual memory" or "process life cycle". My argument goes like this: A user notices a problem. There can be thousands of reasons ... well, almost :-) The user wants to know the source of the problem. The current solutions give me lots of numbers, and I need to know what these numbers mean. What I'm looking for is a meta tool. 99% of the data is irrelevant to the problem. So what the tool should do is look for processes which hog some resource and list only those along with "this process needs a lot of CPU, this produces many IRQs, this process allocates a lot of RAM (and it's still growing)". This will be a relatively short list. It will be much more simple for someone new to this to locate the culprit from this list than from the output of, say, htop which gives me about 5000 numbers but requires me to fold multi-threaded processes myself (I have 50 lines which say VIRT 2750M but only 16 GB of RAM - the machine ought to swap itself to death but of course, this is a misinterpretation of the data that can happen quickly).

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  • When using RAID10 + BBWC why is it better to separate PostgreSQL data files from OS and transaction logs than to keep them all on the same array?

    - by Vlad
    I've seen the advice everywhere (including here and here): keep your OS partition, DB data files and DB transaction logs on separate discs/arrays. The general recommendation is to use RAID1 for OS, RAID10 for data (or RAID5 if load is very read-biased) and RAID1 for transaction logs. However, considering that you will need at least 6 or 8 drives to build this setup, wouldn't a RAID10 over 6-8 drives with BBWC perform better? What if the drives are SSDs? I'm talking here about internal server drives, not SAN.

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  • High CPU Steal percentage on Amazon EC2 Instance

    - by Aditya Patawari
    I am experiencing high CPU steal percentage in a Amazon EC2 large instance. I know it means that my virtual CPU is waiting on the real CPU of the machine for time. My question is that what can I do to reduce this percentage and get maximum out of the CPU? Steal percentage is consistently at 20%. System load crosses 10 when this happens. I have checked memory and network and I am sure that they are not the bottleneck. Is that normal for such environment? Also are there any system level optimization techniques for reducing steal percentage form the virtual instance? avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 52.38 0.00 8.23 0.00 21.21 18.18

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  • Apache's htcacheclean doesn't scale: How to tame a huge Apache disk_cache?

    - by flight
    We have an Apache setup with a huge disk_cache (500.000 entries, 50 GB disk space used). The cache grows by 16 GB every day. My problem is that the cache seems to be growing nearly as fast as it's possible to remove files and directories from the cache filesystem! The cache partition is an ext3 filesystem (100GB, "-t news") on an iSCSI storage. The Apache server (which acts as a caching proxy) is a VM. The disk_cache is configured with CacheDirLevels=2 and CacheDirLength=1, and includes variants. A typical file path is "/htcache/B/x/i_iGfmmHhxJRheg8NHcQ.header.vary/A/W/oGX3MAV3q0bWl30YmA_A.header". When I try to call htcacheclean to tame the cache (non-daemon mode, "htcacheclean-t -p/htcache -l15G"), IOwait is going through the roof for several hours. Without any visible action. Only after hours, htcacheclean starts to delete files from the cache partition, which takes a couple more hours. (A similar problem was brought up in the Apache mailing list in 2009, without a solution: http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg42683.html) The high IOwait leads to problems with the stability of the web server (the bridge to the Tomcat backend server sometimes stalls). I came up with my own prune script, which removes files and directories from random subdirectories of the cache. Only to find that the deletion rate of the script is just slightly higher than the cache growth rate. The script takes ~10 seconds to read the a subdirectory (e.g. /htcache/B/x) and frees some 5 MB of disk space. In this 10 seconds, the cache has grown by another 2 MB. As with htcacheclean, IOwait goes up to 25% when running the prune script continuously. Any idea? Is this a problem specific to the (rather slow) iSCSI storage? Should I choose a different file system for a huge disk_cache? ext2? ext4? Are there any kernel parameter optimizations for this kind of scenario? (I already tried the deadline scheduler and a smaller read_ahead_kb, without effect).

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  • Removing 'bundled' software to make a slow laptop faster?

    - by spdegabrielle
    My brother-in-law has a cheap HP laptop used by his kids for schoolwork. It had got into a bit of a state and was running slowly with some dubious software. I removed a bunch of stuff that had been installed, that was obviously not required (three different driver scanners!), had been downloaded in error or looked like malware. I also disabled as many 'start on login' apps as I could and removed AVG replacing it with MSE. (AVG is uninstalled and replaced with MSE after failing to detect malware) What remains is a significant quantity of bundled HP and 'nero backup' software, including a HP restore utility (apparently something like the osx hidden partition restore), the trackpad driver. is there anything else I can do to breath a little more life into the old 'celeron' laptop? Should I bit the bullet and just put win8 on it? Will the trackpad still work?

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  • What is the maximum memory that an IIS6 web site/app pool can use?

    - by Robin M
    I have an IIS 6 server running on Windows 2003 SP2 x86. The server has 4GB of RAM and runs consistently with 2GB allocated. I realise that with x86, the server won't utilize all of the 4GB RAM and the application space is also limited but the IIS processes seem to be limited elsewhere. w3wp.exe never has more than 500MB allocated and I occasionally get OutOfMemory exceptions from a busy .NET application (there are several applications running, each with a separate application pool). What is the maximum memory that an IIS6 web site/app pool can use?

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  • Top causes of slow ssh logins

    - by Peter Lyons
    I'd love for one of you smart and helpful folks to post a list of common causes of delays during an ssh login. Specifically, there are 2 spots where I see a range from instantaneous to multi-second delays. Between issuing the ssh command and getting a login prompt and between entering the passphrase and having the shell load Now, specifically I'm looking at ssh details only here. Obviously network latency, speed of the hardware and OSes involved, complex login scripts, etc can cause delays. For context I ssh to a vast multitude of linux distributions and some Solaris hosts using mostly Ubuntu, CentOS, and MacOS X as my client systems. Almost all of the time, the ssh server configuration is unchanged from the OS's default settings. What ssh server configurations should I be interested in? Are there OS/kernel parameters that can be tuned? Login shell tricks? Etc?

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  • What does CPU Time consist of?

    - by Sid
    What does CPU time exactly consist of? For instance, is the time taken to access a page from the RAM (at which point, the CPU is most likely idling) part of the CPU time? I'm not talking about fetching the page from the disk here, just fetching it from the RAM. Thanks

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  • Windows 2008 R2 on ESXi 4.1 cpu utilization kernel high

    - by MK.
    I have a Win2k8 guest running on ESXi 4.1. The host has 12 cores and the problem happens even if the guest is the only VM on the host. We have 4 cores dedicated to the guest. We noticed that network starts chocking when the CPU load goes up. After some testing we noticed that when running a simple CPU hogging tool set up to run 3 threads at 100% the regular CPU load goes to 75% like it should and the "kernel times" graph in task manager goes up to 25%. My intuition tells me that the network problem and kernel times problem are the same. This is confirmed by another similar VM we created on the same host which doesn't have either of the problems. VMWare tools are obviously installed. The nic is e1000. What else can we do to troubleshoot this?

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  • "Raid 0 SAS" versus "2nd generation SSD"

    - by Stefano
    Hi everybody, i was planning to buy a SAS system made of two 15k RPM disks in Raid 0 configuration to give a boost to my s.o. and my apps... but after i saw that article on Coding Horror, i've started to thinking if a new 2nd generation SSD could do the same job, or even better... Does anybody have any information to help me decide?

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  • Send request body data when running siege

    - by qui
    I am trying to use the command line utility Siege to load test a service. The service recieves json in the request body via a POST. I have a file called example-data.json with the json inside. I will eventually turn this into a tiny service which creates random json for testing, but this should do for now I have another file called hit-qa.siege with http://www.qa-url.com POST < example-data.json and i try and run siege -c10 -d1 -r1 -f ops/perf/hammer-dev.siege When I check the logs of the service, it is not recieving anything in the request body. My googles have been fruitless, does anyone know how to accomplish this?

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  • Difference between all servers in one cluster and more than one cluster with servers?

    - by silla
    Not sure I understand what´s the difference or how it works when servers a running in one cluster or if there are more than one clusters with servers in it - regard High availability & Load Balancing. For me they are somehow the same, there is not really a big difference. Let´s make a simple example: 2 Servers in 1 Cluster 2 Clusters with each 1 Server - 1. If one Server failure, the other one is able to continue the work. The same for Load Balancing, these two Servers are able to balance the work together. - 2. The same thing! If one Server failure... The only thing that could be a problem with point 1. is if the Cluster fails (then both of the Server are dead). But is this even possible? I was reading stuff about clustering and high availability but I think I do not get this really. Probably I did not really understand how a cluster is working. Are these 2 points with 1 Cluster and 2 Clusters somehow the same or are there really some big differences? What should I know about it? Thank you

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  • How do I improve picture quality while streaming live football (soccer) from my Dell D600 to an HDTV?

    - by Bob
    I have fibre broadband with speeds up to 38mbs, my Dell D600 has its max 2gb ram and has an ATI Mobility RADEON 9000 4xAGP 32mb card in it...Its TV support it says is NTSC or PAL in S-video and composite modes with a 7-pin mini-DIN connector (optional S-video to composite video adapter cable) and a vga port which i am using at the moment... The laptop runs Windows XP, an 80g HD with only windows + necessary updates and anti virus software on it..... There is HDMI on the TV, but not the laptop Fairly slow moving and close up pictures arent too bad, but when the movment is fast(a shot on goal) or in the distance, I cant see the ball and the images go out of focus.

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  • mysql is not using multiple cpus

    - by mhost
    Our MySQL server has been using a lot of CPU lately (it's reached 100% several times and stays there for a while) and I noticed that it the CPU load is all on one core of one cpu. I was hoping to spread that out to all 4 on my server. I have been tweaking the MySQL settings to use more ram and less cpu, but it still occasionally reaches very high CPU usage. It seems like everything about the topic refers to thread_concurrency (which I've read is a solaris only setting). What can I do in Linux? Thanks.

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  • How expensive is a hostname in htaccess? Other solutions possible?

    - by Nanne
    For easy allow or disallowing of dynamic IP-adresses you can add them as a hostname in a .htaccess file. As I have read from: .htaccess allow from hostname? it does a reverse lookup on the connecting ip address, seeing if the response matches the allowed name. (Well, actually Apache is doing a double lookup, first a reverse lookup and then a forward lookup on the result of the reverse.) This is the reason we are currently not using dynamic-ip hostnames in the .htaccess: this "sounds" quite heavy: 2 extra lookups for every request. Is this indeed quite heavy, and would a reasonably busy server that is rather looking for less then more load get away with this :)? (e.g.: how does this 'load' compare to the rest? If a request is 1000 times more expensive then the lookups it might be negligible. otoh, it could be that final straw :) ) Are there other solutions? I can write a script that does a lookup of the hostname and put it in .htaccess files ofcourse, but this feels a bit like a hack.

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  • Tracing slow Java I/O in Solaris 10

    - by antispam
    We have a Java application which is significantly slower in Solaris 10 server than in Windows PC. We have profiled (-Xprof) the application and observed that UnixFileSystem.getBooleanAttributes0 method consumes about 40% CPU time with native calls. How can we follow our search to identify which is the cause of the slow behaviour? Thank you very much.

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  • Experience with Intel X25-M 160GB and Oracle

    - by derobert
    We're considering building an Oracle database with 12 Intel X25-M G2 160GB drives in software RAID10. It'd be running Linux. Database gets some very heavy write activity during the early morning data load, other than that it is mostly read-only (and the read load is fairly minimal). We're currently running on 11 150GB Velociraptors (also Linux software RAID10), and are hoping the X25-M will speed up the data load. We currently have redo on different disks than the rest of the data. I'm wondering a few things: Any experience with using X25-M drives for databases? The X25-E are unfortunately beyond our budget. Would it hurt to separate redo off to some magnetic (non-SSD) drives, say 2 (raid1) or 4 (raid10) Seagate Constellations?

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  • Any ramifications to disabling ClearPageFile

    - by user34710
    I am runing a Dell XPS 15z with a quad core I7, 8gb ram, 7200rpm hdd, windows 7 ultimate. My laptop was taking around 3 minutes to shut down, which seemed far too high to me. I did a bit of investigation, and it seemed that the ClearPageFile reg entry was set to 1, meaning that upon shutdown my pagefile.sys was being cleared before actually shutting the machine down. When I disable this setting, my laptop shuts down in about 20 seconds - clearly a big gain. My question is, are there any side effects of having this turned off (other than the security risk of the HDD being stolen, and still having any important info that was in the RAM up for grabs)?

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  • How to find out which process is hogging the linux server?

    - by user1149518
    We have a RHEL server. Today it suddenly became slow. Symptoms - It was responding slow to ping queries from other server. When I try to login using ssh, it was taking about 10 seconds to login. I was able to resolve the problem by doing some guess work. I killed one process which I thought was culprit. Which resolved the problem. Though I would like to know what's proper approach to detect the culprit in such kind of "slow server" situations. Le me know proper way to resolving such slowness issues and decting the process causing the slowness. These were the conditions when the server was slow - # vmstat 3 3 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 1 1 176 6730868 285052 4899676 0 0 3 4 0 0 1 1 97 1 0 0 0 176 6751576 285064 4899704 0 0 0 115 15307 37171 1 1 96 3 0 0 0 176 6751948 285068 4899700 0 0 0 23 14813 39559 1 1 98 1 0 # top top - 16:38:18 up 150 days, 19:36, 64 users, load average: 1.68, 1.46, 1.44 Tasks: 1287 total, 2 running, 1284 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 1.3%us, 1.7%sy, 0.1%ni, 95.9%id, 0.7%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16620824k total, 9867124k used, 6753700k free, 287424k buffers Swap: 8193140k total, 176k used, 8192964k free, 4898996k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 26258 khk 34 19 130m 47m 7088 S 11.2 0.3 385:32.42 edm Though I would like to know what's proper approach to detect the culprit in such kind of "slow server" situations. Le me know proper way to resolving such slowness issues and decting the process causing the slowness.

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