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  • how to organize classes in ruby if they are literal subclasses

    - by RetroNoodle
    I know that title didn't make sense, Im sorry! Its hard to word what I am trying to ask. I had trouble googling it for the same reason. So this isn't even Ruby specific, but I am working in ruby and I am new to it, so bear with me. So you have a class that is a document. Inside each document, you have sentences, and each sentence has words. Words will have properties, like "noun" or a count of how many times they are used in the document, etc. I would like each of the elements, document, sentence, word be an object. Now, if you think literally - sentences are in documents, and words are in sentences. Should this be organized literally like this as well? Like inside the document class you will define and instantiate the sentence objects, and inside the sentence class you will define and instantiate the words? Or, should everything be separate and reference each other? Like the word class would sit outside the sentence class but the sentence class would be able to instantiate and work with words? This is a basic OOP question I guess, and I suppose you could argue to do it either way. What do you guys think? Each sentence in the document could be stored in a hash of sentence objects inside the document object, and each word in the sentence could be stored in a hash of word objects inside the sentence. I dont want to code myself into a corner here, thats why I am asking, plus I have wondered this before in other situations. Thank you!

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  • Which open source PHP project has the 'perfect' OOP design I can learn from?

    - by aditya menon
    I am a newbie to OOP, and I learn best by example. You could say this question is similar to Which Scala open source projects should I study to learn best coding practices - but in PHP. I have heard-tell that Symfony has the best 'architecture' (I will not pretend I know what that exactly means), as well as Doctrine ORM. Is it worth it to spend many months reading the source code of these projects, trying to deduce the patterns used and learning new tricks? I have seen equal number of web pages dissing and liking Zend's codebase (will provide links if deemed necessary). Do you know of any other project that would make any veteran OOP developer shed tears of joy? Please let me add that practicality and scope of use is not a concern at all here - I just want to do: Pick a project that has a codebase deemed awesome by devs way better and greater than me. Write code that achieves what the project does. Compare results and try to learn what I don't know. Basically, an academic interest codebase. Any recommendations please?

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  • OOP concept: is it possible to update the class of an instantiated object?

    - by Federico
    I am trying to write a simple program that should allow a user to save and display sets of heterogeneous, but somehow related data. For clarity sake, I will use a representative example of vehicles. The program flow is like this: The program creates a Garage object, which is basically a class that can contain a list of vehicles objects Then the users creates Vehicles objects, these Vehicles each have a property, lets say License Plate Nr. Once created, the Vehicle object get added to a list within the Garage object --Later on--, the user can specify that a given Vehicle object is in fact a Car object or a Truck object (thus giving access to some specific attributes such as Number of seats for the Car, or Cargo weight for the truck) At first sight, this might look like an OOP textbook question involving a base class and inheritance, but the problem is more subtle because at the object creation time (and until the user decides to give more info), the computer doesn't know the exact Vehicle type. Hence my question: how would you proceed to implement this program flow? Is OOP the way to go? Just to give an initial answer, here is what I've came up until now. There is only one Vehicle class and the various properties/values are handled by the main program (not the class) through a dictionary. However, I'm pretty sure that there must be a more elegant solution (I'm developing using VB.net): Public Class Garage Public GarageAdress As String Private _ListGarageVehicles As New List(Of Vehicles) Public Sub AddVehicle(Vehicle As Vehicles) _ListGarageVehicles.Add(Vehicle) End Sub End Class Public Class Vehicles Public LicensePlateNumber As String Public Enum VehicleTypes Generic = 0 Car = 1 Truck = 2 End Enum Public VehicleType As VehicleTypes Public DictVehicleProperties As New Dictionary(Of String, String) End Class NOTE that in the example above the public/private modifiers do not necessarily reflect the original code

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  • Is this the correct approach to an OOP design structure in php?

    - by Silver89
    I'm converting a procedural based site to an OOP design to allow more easily manageable code in the future and so far have created the following structure: /classes /templates index.php With these classes: ConnectDB Games System User User -Moderator User -Administrator In the index.php file I have code that detects if any $_GET values are posted to determine on which page content to build (it's early so there's only one example and no default): function __autoload($className) { require "classes/".strtolower($className).".class.php"; } $db = new Connect; $db->connect(); $user = new User(); if(isset($_GET['gameId'])) { System::buildGame($gameId); } This then runs the BuildGame function in the system class which looks like the following and then uses gets in the Game Class to return values, such as $game->getTitle() in the template file template/play.php: function buildGame($gameId){ $game = new Game($gameId); $game->setRatio(900, 600); require 'templates/play.php'; } I also have .htaccess so that actual game page url works instead of passing the parameters to index.php Are there any major errors of how I'm setting this up or do I have the general idea of OOP correct?

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  • Double Buffering for Game objects, what's a nice clean generic C++ way?

    - by Gary
    This is in C++. So, I'm starting from scratch writing a game engine for fun and learning from the ground up. One of the ideas I want to implement is to have game object state (a struct) be double-buffered. For instance, I can have subsystems updating the new game object data while a render thread is rendering from the old data by guaranteeing there is a consistent state stored within the game object (the data from last time). After rendering of old and updating of new is finished, I can swap buffers and do it again. Question is, what's a good forward-looking and generic OOP way to expose this to my classes while trying to hide implementation details as much as possible? Would like to know your thoughts and considerations. I was thinking operator overloading could be used, but how do I overload assign for a templated class's member within my buffer class? for instance, I think this is an example of what I want: doublebuffer<Vector3> data; data.x=5; //would write to the member x within the new buffer int a=data.x; //would read from the old buffer's x member data.x+=1; //I guess this shouldn't be allowed If this is possible, I could choose to enable or disable double-buffering structs without changing much code. This is what I was considering: template <class T> class doublebuffer{ T T1; T T2; T * current=T1; T * old=T2; public: doublebuffer(); ~doublebuffer(); void swap(); operator=()?... }; and a game object would be like this: struct MyObjectData{ int x; float afloat; } class MyObject: public Node { doublebuffer<MyObjectData> data; functions... } What I have right now is functions that return pointers to the old and new buffer, and I guess any classes that use them have to be aware of this. Is there a better way?

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  • In a PHP project, how do you organize and access your helper objects?

    - by Pekka
    How do you organize and manage your helper objects like the database engine, user notification, error handling and so on in a PHP based, object oriented project? Say I have a large PHP CMS. The CMS is organized in various classes. A few examples: the database object user management an API to create/modify/delete items a messaging object to display messages to the end user a context handler that takes you to the right page a navigation bar class that shows buttons a logging object possibly, custom error handling etc. I am dealing with the eternal question, how to best make these objects accessible to each part of the system that needs it. my first apporach, many years ago was to have a $application global that contained initialized instances of these classes. global $application; $application->messageHandler->addMessage("Item successfully inserted"); I then changed over to the Singleton pattern and a factory function: $mh =&factory("messageHandler"); $mh->addMessage("Item successfully inserted"); but I'm not happy with that either. Unit tests and encapsulation become more and more important to me, and in my understanding the logic behind globals/singletons destroys the basic idea of OOP. Then there is of course the possibility of giving each object a number of pointers to the helper objects it needs, probably the very cleanest, resource-saving and testing-friendly way but I have doubts about the maintainability of this in the long run. Most PHP frameworks I have looked into use either the singleton pattern, or functions that access the initialized objects. Both fine approaches, but as I said I'm happy with neither. I would like to broaden my horizon on what is possible here and what others have done. I am looking for examples, additional ideas and pointers towards resources that discuss this from a long-term, real-world perspective. Also, I'm interested to hear about specialized, niche or plain weird approaches to the issue. Bounty I am following the popular vote in awarding the bounty, the answer which is probably also going to give me the most. Thank you for all your answers!

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  • How do I call the methods in a model via controller? Zend Framework

    - by Joel
    Hi guys, I've been searching for tutorials to better understand this, but I'm having no luck. Please forgive the lengthy explination, but I want make sure I explain myself well. First, I'm quite new to the MVC structure, though I have been doing tutorials and learning as best I can. I have been moving over a live site into the Zend Framework model. So far, I have all the views within views/scripts/index/example.phtml. So therefore I'm using one IndexController and I have the code in each Action method for each page: IE public function exampleAction() Because I didn't know how to interact with a model, I put all the methods at the bottom of the controller (a fat controller). So basically, I had a working site by using a View and Controller and no model. ... Now I'm trying to learn how to incorporate the Model. So I created a View at: view/scripts/calendar/index.phtml I created a new Controller at: controller/CalendarControllers.php and a new model at: model/Calendar.php The problem is I think I'm not correctly communication with the model (I'm still new to OOP). Can you look over my controller and model and tell me if you see a problem. I'm needing to return an array from runCalendarScript(), but I'm not sure if I can return an array into the object like I'm trying to? I don't really understand how to "run" the runCalendarScript() from the controller? Thanks for any help! I'm stripping out most of the guts of the methods for the sake of brevity: controller: <?php class CalendarController extends Zend_Controller_Action { public function indexAction() { $finishedFeedArray = new Application_Model_Calendar(); $this->view->googleArray = $finishedFeedArray; } } model: <?php class Application_Model_Calendar { public function _runCalendarScript(){ $gcal = $this->_validateCalendarConnection(); $uncleanedFeedArray = $this->_getCalendarFeed($gcal); $finishedFeedArray = $this->_cleanFeed($uncleanedFeedArray); return $finishedFeedArray; } //Validate Google Calendar connection public function _validateCalendarConnection() { ... return $gcal; } //extracts googles calendar object into the $feed object public function _getCalendarFeed($gcal) { ... return $feed; } //cleans the feed to just text, etc protected function _cleanFeed($uncleanedFeedArray) { $contentText = $this->_cleanupText($event); $eventData = $this->_filterEventDetails($contentText); return $cleanedArray; } //Cleans up all formatting of text from Calendar feed public function _cleanupText($event) { ... return $contentText; } //filterEventDetails protected function _filterEventDetails($contentText) { ... return $data; } }

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  • Refactoring Singleton Overuse

    - by drharris
    Today I had an epiphany, and it was that I was doing everything wrong. Some history: I inherited a C# application, which was really just a collection of static methods, a completely procedural mess of C# code. I refactored this the best I knew at the time, bringing in lots of post-college OOP knowledge. To make a long story short, many of the entities in code have turned out to be Singletons. Today I realized I needed 3 new classes, which would each follow the same Singleton pattern to match the rest of the software. If I keep tumbling down this slippery slope, eventually every class in my application will be Singleton, which will really be no logically different from the original group of static methods. I need help on rethinking this. I know about Dependency Injection, and that would generally be the strategy to use in breaking the Singleton curse. However, I have a few specific questions related to this refactoring, and all about best practices for doing so. How acceptable is the use of static variables to encapsulate configuration information? I have a brain block on using static, and I think it is due to an early OO class in college where the professor said static was bad. But, should I have to reconfigure the class every time I access it? When accessing hardware, is it ok to leave a static pointer to the addresses and variables needed, or should I continually perform Open() and Close() operations? Right now I have a single method acting as the controller. Specifically, I continually poll several external instruments (via hardware drivers) for data. Should this type of controller be the way to go, or should I spawn separate threads for each instrument at the program's startup? If the latter, how do I make this object oriented? Should I create classes called InstrumentAListener and InstrumentBListener? Or is there some standard way to approach this? Is there a better way to do global configuration? Right now I simply have Configuration.Instance.Foo sprinkled liberally throughout the code. Almost every class uses it, so perhaps keeping it as a Singleton makes sense. Any thoughts? A lot of my classes are things like SerialPortWriter or DataFileWriter, which must sit around waiting for this data to stream in. Since they are active the entire time, how should I arrange these in order to listen for the events generated when data comes in? Any other resources, books, or comments about how to get away from Singletons and other pattern overuse would be helpful.

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  • Exceptions confusion

    - by Misiur
    Hi there. I'm trying to build site using OOP in PHP. Everyone is talking about Singleton, hermetization, MVC, and using exceptions. So I've tried to do it like this: Class building whole site: class Core { public $is_core; public $theme; private $db; public $language; private $info; static private $instance; public function __construct($lang = 'eng', $theme = 'default') { if(!self::$instance) { try { $this->db = new sdb(DB_TYPE.':host='.DB_HOST.';dbname='.DB_NAME, DB_USER, DB_PASS); } catch(PDOException $e) { throw new CoreException($e->getMessage()); } try { $this->language = new Language($lang); } catch(LangException $e) { throw new CoreException($e->getMessage()); } try { $this->theme = new Theme($theme); } catch(ThemeException $e) { throw new CoreException($e->getMessage()); } } return self::$instance; } public function getSite($what) { return $this->language->getLang(); } private function __clone() { } } Class managing themes class Theme { private $theme; public function __construct($name = 'default') { if(!is_dir("themes/$name")) { throw new ThemeException("Unable to load theme $name"); } else { $this->theme = $name; } } public function getTheme() { return $this->theme; } public function display($part) { if(!is_file("themes/$this->theme/$part.php")) { throw new ThemeException("Unable to load theme part: themes/$this->theme/$part.php"); } else { return 'So far so good'; } } } And usage: error_reporting(E_ALL); require_once('config.php'); require_once('functions.php'); try { $core = new Core(); } catch(CoreException $e) { echo 'Core Exception: '.$e->getMessage(); } echo $core->theme->getTheme(); echo "<br />"; echo $core->language->getLang(); try { $core->theme->display('footer'); } catch(ThemeException $e) { echo $e->getMessage(); } I don't like those exception handlers - i don't want to catch them like some pokemons... I want to use things simple: $core-theme-display('footer'); And if something is wrong, and debug mode is enabled, then aplication show error. What should i do?

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  • Exporting a non public Type through public API

    - by sachin
    I am trying to follow Trees tutorial at: http://cslibrary.stanford.edu/110/BinaryTrees.html Here is the code I have written so far: package trees.bst; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.StringTokenizer; /** * * @author sachin */ public class BinarySearchTree { Node root = null; class Node { Node left = null; Node right = null; int data = 0; public Node(int data) { this.left = null; this.right = null; this.data = data; } } public void insert(int data) { root = insert(data, root); } public boolean lookup(int data) { return lookup(data, root); } public void buildTree(int numNodes) { for (int i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) { int num = (int) (Math.random() * 10); System.out.println("Inserting number:" + num); insert(num); } } public int size() { return size(root); } public int maxDepth() { return maxDepth(root); } public int minValue() { return minValue(root); } public int maxValue() { return maxValue(root); } public void printTree() { //inorder traversal System.out.println("inorder traversal:"); printTree(root); System.out.println("\n--------------"); } public void printPostorder() { //inorder traversal System.out.println("printPostorder traversal:"); printPostorder(root); System.out.println("\n--------------"); } public int buildTreeFromOutputString(String op) { root = null; int i = 0; StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(op); while (st.hasMoreTokens()) { String stNum = st.nextToken(); int num = Integer.parseInt(stNum); System.out.println("buildTreeFromOutputString: Inserting number:" + num); insert(num); i++; } return i; } public boolean hasPathSum(int pathsum) { return hasPathSum(pathsum, root); } public void mirror() { mirror(root); } public void doubleTree() { doubleTree(root); } public boolean sameTree(BinarySearchTree bst) { //is this tree same as another given tree? return sameTree(this.root, bst.getRoot()); } public void printPaths() { if (root == null) { System.out.println("print path sum: tree is empty"); } List pathSoFar = new ArrayList(); printPaths(root, pathSoFar); } ///-------------------------------------------Public helper functions public Node getRoot() { return root; } //Exporting a non public Type through public API ///-------------------------------------------Helper Functions private boolean isLeaf(Node node) { if (node == null) { return false; } if (node.left == null && node.right == null) { return true; } return false; } ///----------------------------------------------------------- private boolean sameTree(Node n1, Node n2) { if ((n1 == null && n2 == null)) { return true; } else { if ((n1 == null || n2 == null)) { return false; } else { if ((n1.data == n2.data)) { return (sameTree(n1.left, n2.left) && sameTree(n1.right, n2.right)); } } } return false; } private void doubleTree(Node node) { //create a copy //bypass the copy to continue looping if (node == null) { return; } Node copyNode = new Node(node.data); Node temp = node.left; node.left = copyNode; copyNode.left = temp; doubleTree(copyNode.left); doubleTree(node.right); } private void mirror(Node node) { if (node == null) { return; } Node temp = node.left; node.left = node.right; node.right = temp; mirror(node.left); mirror(node.right); } private void printPaths(Node node, List pathSoFar) { if (node == null) { return; } pathSoFar.add(node.data); if (isLeaf(node)) { System.out.println("path in tree:" + pathSoFar); pathSoFar.remove(pathSoFar.lastIndexOf(node.data)); //only the current node, a node.data may be duplicated return; } else { printPaths(node.left, pathSoFar); printPaths(node.right, pathSoFar); } } private boolean hasPathSum(int pathsum, Node node) { if (node == null) { return false; } int val = pathsum - node.data; boolean ret = false; if (val == 0 && isLeaf(node)) { ret = true; } else if (val == 0 && !isLeaf(node)) { ret = false; } else if (val != 0 && isLeaf(node)) { ret = false; } else if (val != 0 && !isLeaf(node)) { //recurse further ret = hasPathSum(val, node.left) || hasPathSum(val, node.right); } return ret; } private void printPostorder(Node node) { //inorder traversal if (node == null) { return; } printPostorder(node.left); printPostorder(node.right); System.out.print(" " + node.data); } private void printTree(Node node) { //inorder traversal if (node == null) { return; } printTree(node.left); System.out.print(" " + node.data); printTree(node.right); } private int minValue(Node node) { if (node == null) { //error case: this is not supported return -1; } if (node.left == null) { return node.data; } else { return minValue(node.left); } } private int maxValue(Node node) { if (node == null) { //error case: this is not supported return -1; } if (node.right == null) { return node.data; } else { return maxValue(node.right); } } private int maxDepth(Node node) { if (node == null || (node.left == null && node.right == null)) { return 0; } int ldepth = 1 + maxDepth(node.left); int rdepth = 1 + maxDepth(node.right); if (ldepth > rdepth) { return ldepth; } else { return rdepth; } } private int size(Node node) { if (node == null) { return 0; } return 1 + size(node.left) + size(node.right); } private Node insert(int data, Node node) { if (node == null) { node = new Node(data); } else if (data <= node.data) { node.left = insert(data, node.left); } else { node.right = insert(data, node.right); } //control should never reach here; return node; } private boolean lookup(int data, Node node) { if (node == null) { return false; } if (node.data == data) { return true; } if (data < node.data) { return lookup(data, node.left); } else { return lookup(data, node.right); } } public static void main(String[] args) { BinarySearchTree bst = new BinarySearchTree(); int treesize = 5; bst.buildTree(treesize); //treesize = bst.buildTreeFromOutputString("4 4 4 6 7"); treesize = bst.buildTreeFromOutputString("3 4 6 3 6"); //treesize = bst.buildTreeFromOutputString("10"); for (int i = 0; i < treesize; i++) { System.out.println("Searching:" + i + " found:" + bst.lookup(i)); } System.out.println("tree size:" + bst.size()); System.out.println("maxDepth :" + bst.maxDepth()); System.out.println("minvalue :" + bst.minValue()); System.out.println("maxvalue :" + bst.maxValue()); bst.printTree(); bst.printPostorder(); int pathSum = 10; System.out.println("hasPathSum " + pathSum + ":" + bst.hasPathSum(pathSum)); pathSum = 6; System.out.println("hasPathSum " + pathSum + ":" + bst.hasPathSum(pathSum)); pathSum = 19; System.out.println("hasPathSum " + pathSum + ":" + bst.hasPathSum(pathSum)); bst.printPaths(); bst.printTree(); //bst.mirror(); System.out.println("Tree after mirror function:"); bst.printTree(); //bst.doubleTree(); System.out.println("Tree after double function:"); bst.printTree(); System.out.println("tree size:" + bst.size()); System.out.println("Same tree:" + bst.sameTree(bst)); BinarySearchTree bst2 = new BinarySearchTree(); bst2.buildTree(treesize); treesize = bst2.buildTreeFromOutputString("3 4 6 3 6"); bst2.printTree(); System.out.println("Same tree:" + bst.sameTree(bst2)); System.out.println("---"); } } Now the problem is that netbeans shows Warning: Exporting a non public Type through public API for function getRoot(). I write this function to get root of tree to be used in sameTree() function, to help comparison of "this" with given tree. Perhaps this is a OOP design issue... How should I restructure the above code that I do not get this warning and what is the concept I am missing here?

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  • Monad in plain English? (For the OOP programmer with no FP background)

    - by fig-gnuton
    In terms that an OOP programmer would understand (without any functional programming background), what is a monad? What problem does it solve and what are the most common places it's used? EDIT: To clarify the kind of understanding I was looking for, let's say you were converting an FP application that had monads into an OOP application. What would you do to port the responsibilities of the monads into the OOP app?

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  • How did you get good practices for your OOP designs?

    - by Darf Zon
    I realized I have a difficulty creating OOP designs. I spent many time deciding if this property is correctly set it to X class. For example, this is a post which has a few days: http://codereview.stackexchange.com/questions/8041/how-to-improve-my-factory-design I'm not convinced of my code. So I want to improve my designs, take less time creating it. How did you learn creating good designs? Some books that you can recommend me?

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  • Language Agnostic Basic Programming Question

    - by Rachel
    This is very basic question from programming point of view but as I am in learning phase, I thought I would better ask this question rather than having a misunderstanding or narrow knowledge about the topic. So do excuse me if somehow I mess it up. Question: Let's say I have class A,B,C and D now class A has some piece of code which I need to have in class B,C and D so I am extending class A in class B, class C, and class D Now how can I access the function of class A in other classes, do I need to create an object of class A and than access the function of class A or as am extending A in other classes than I can internally call the function using this parameter. If possible I would really appreciate if someone can explain this concept with code sample explaining how the logic flows. Note Example in Java, PHP and .Net would be appreciated.

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  • Object Oriented PHP Best Practices

    - by user270797
    Say I have a class which represents a person, a variable within that class would be $name. Previously, In my scripts I would create an instance of the object then set the name by just using: $object->name = "x"; However, I was told this was not best practice? That I should have a function set_name() or something similar like this: function set_name($name) { $this->name=$name; } is this correct? If in this example I want to insert a new "person" record into the db, how do I pass all the information about the person ie $name, $age, $address, $phone etc to the class in order to insert it, should I do: function set($data) { $this->name= $data['name']; $this->age = $data['age']; etc etc } Then send it an array? Would this be best practice? or could someone please recommend best practice?

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  • OO Design - polymorphism - how to design for handing streams of different file types

    - by Kache4
    I've little experience with advanced OO practices, and I want to design this properly as an exercise. I'm thinking of implementing the following, and I'm asking if I'm going about this the right way. I have a class PImage that holds the raw data and some information I need for an image file. Its header is currently something like this: #include <boost/filesytem.hpp> #include <vector> namespace fs = boost::filesystem; class PImage { public: PImage(const fs::path& path, const unsigned char* buffer, int bufferLen); const vector<char> data() const { return data_; } const char* rawData() const { return &data_[0]; } /*** other assorted accessors ***/ private: fs::path path_; int width_; int height_; int filesize_; vector<char> data_; } I want to fill the width_ and height_ by looking through the file's header. The trivial/inelegant solution would be to have a lot of messy control flow that identifies the type of image file (.gif, .jpg, .png, etc) and then parse the header accordingly. Instead of using vector<char> data_, I was thinking of having PImage use a class, RawImageStream data_ that inherits from vector<char>. Each type of file I plan to support would then inherit from RawImageStream, e.g. RawGifStream, RawPngStream. Each RawXYZStream would encapsulate the respective header-parsing functions, and PImage would only have to do something like height_ = data_.getHeight();. Am I thinking this through correctly? How would I create the proper RawImageStream subclass for data_ to be in the PImage ctor? Is this where I could use an object factory? Anything I'm forgetting?

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  • Usabe of Python 3 super()

    - by deamon
    I wonder when to use what flavour of Python 3 super(). Help on class super in module builtins: class super(object) | super() -> same as super(__class__, <first argument>) | super(type) -> unbound super object | super(type, obj) -> bound super object; requires isinstance(obj, type) | super(type, type2) -> bound super object; requires issubclass(type2, type) Until now I've used super() only without arguments and it worked as expected (by a Java developer). Questions: What does "bound" mean in this context? What is the difference between bound and unbound super object? When to use super(type, obj) and when super(type, type2)? Would it be better to name the super class like in Mother.__init__(...)?

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  • R: Pass by reference

    - by Pierre
    Can you pass by reference with "R" ? for example, in the following code: setClass("MyClass", representation( name="character" )) instance1 <-new("MyClass",name="Hello1") instance2 <-new("MyClass",name="Hello2") array = c(instance1,instance2) instance1 array instance1@name="World!" instance1 array the output is > instance1 An object of class “MyClass” Slot "name": [1] "World!" > array [[1]] An object of class “MyClass” Slot "name": [1] "Hello1" [[2]] An object of class “MyClass” Slot "name": [1] "Hello2" but I wish it was > instance1 An object of class “MyClass” Slot "name": [1] "World!" > array [[1]] An object of class “MyClass” Slot "name": [1] "World!" [[2]] An object of class “MyClass” Slot "name": [1] "Hello2" is it possible ? Thanks Pierre

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  • How to correctly refactor this?

    - by kane77
    I have trouble finding way to correctly refactor this code so that there would be as little duplicate code as possible, I have a couple of methods like this (pseudocode): public List<Something> parseSomething(Node n){ List<Something> somethings = new ArrayList<Something>(); initialize(); sameCodeInBothClasses(); List<Node> nodes = getChildrenByName(n, "somename"); for(Node n:nodes){ method(); actionA(); somethings.add(new Something(actionB()); } return somethings; } methods sameCodeInBothClasses() are same in all classes but where it differs is what hapens in for loop actionA() and it also adds an element to the List of different type. Should I use Strategy pattern for the different parts inside loop? What about the return value (The type of list differs), should the method return just List<Object> that I would then cast to appropriate type? Should I pass the class I want to return as parameter?

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  • Having trouble with instantiating objects in PHP & Ajax custom shopping cart

    - by Phil
    This is my first time playing with both ajax and objects, so please go easy on me I have 3 pages that make up the tester shopping cart. 1) page with 'add' 'remove' buttons and ajax code to call the PHP functions on page 2. this is the actual user page with the HTML output. 2) page with PHP cart function calls, receives $_GET requests from ajax on page 1 and calls functions of the cart object from page 3, returns results to page 1. 3) page with cart object definition. Here's the problem I believe I'm having. Currently I have 'session_start()' on pgs 1 & 2, and the cart definition (pag 3) on pgs 1 & 2. I only define '$_SESSION[cart]= new Cart' on page 2. However, it seems like each time i hit an ajax function (eg each time pg 2 reloads) it seems like it's rewriting $_SESSION['cart'] over again, thus it's always empty at each new click (even tho it displays results of that click) However, if i don't define '$_SESSION[cart] = new Cart' on pg 2, i get an error: Fatal error: main() [function.main]: The script tried to execute a method or access a property of an incomplete object. Please ensure that the class definition "Cart" of the object you are trying to operate on was loaded before unserialize() gets called or provide a __autoload() function to load the class definition in /home3/foundloc/public_html/booka/carti.php on line 17 Any suggestions? How can i stop re-creating my cart each time my page 2 (php cart function page) is called by ajax?

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  • Usage of Python 3 super()

    - by deamon
    I wonder when to use what flavour of Python 3 super(). Help on class super in module builtins: class super(object) | super() -> same as super(__class__, <first argument>) | super(type) -> unbound super object | super(type, obj) -> bound super object; requires isinstance(obj, type) | super(type, type2) -> bound super object; requires issubclass(type2, type) Until now I've used super() only without arguments and it worked as expected (by a Java developer). Questions: What does "bound" mean in this context? What is the difference between bound and unbound super object? When to use super(type, obj) and when super(type, type2)? Would it be better to name the super class like in Mother.__init__(...)?

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  • Updating multiple Sprites - AS3 performance best practices

    - by dani
    Within the container "BubbleContainer" I have multiple "Bubble sprites". Each bubble's graphics object (a circle) is updated on a timer event. Let's say I have 50 Bubble sprites and each circle's radius should be updated with a mathematical formula. How do I organize this logic? How do I update all Bubble sprites within the BubbleContainer? (should I call a bubble.update() function or make a temporary reference to the graphics object?) Where do I put the Math logic? (as static functions?)

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  • pass by reference or pass by value?

    - by Sven
    When learning a new programming language, one of the possible roadblocks you might encounter is the question whether the language is, by default, pass-by-value or pass-by-reference So here is my question to all of you, in your favorite language, how is it actually done? and what are the possible pitfalls? your favorite language can, of course, be anything you have ever played with: popular, obscure, esoteric, new, old ...

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