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  • Python interview questions

    - by Andy
    I am going to interview within two weeks for an internship that would involve Python programming. Can anyone suggest what possible areas should I polish? I am looking for commonly asked stuff in interviews for Python openings. Apart from the fact that I have already been doing the language for over a year now, I fail to perceive what they can ask me. Like for a C or C++ interview, there are lots of questions ranging from reversing of strings to building linked lists, but for a Python interview, I am clueless. Personal experiences and/ or suggestions are welcomed.

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  • What have you learnt that has a steep learning curve?

    - by Jonathan Khoo
    Recently, I've invested time in learning the intricacies of Git and it has got me thinking about time and learning. (My previous experience with version control systems was only limited use of CVS and SVN.) It took me a whole day's worth of reading to be able to understand the concepts and differences of Git. There are an infinite number of things available for us to learn. Some, more useful than others. I don't know Fortran - I'm relatively young. But looking back at the preceding years of my life, I notice that I'm busier and busier as time goes on. The amount of things I have to get through in a day is increasingly out of my control. It doesn't take a genius to extrapolate that information and realise I'll have even less time in the future - unless I get fired, but I have no strong plans relating to that idea for now. So, given that I have much more time and energy now than I will have in the future: what have you learnt, that has a steep learning curve, that you would possibly recommend to a fellow programmer? Edit: I've stumbled upon the excellent question What programming skills have provided you the best return on investment? and hav realised that my way of approaching how to spend learning time was naive - it doesn't matter if ten useful concepts can be learnt in the time of one if they're worth it.

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  • Recommended requirements when outsourcing xhtml/css site building?

    - by András Szepesházi
    I'm considering outsourcing a part of our web application development project for freelancers, namely the site building part. What I mean by site building is the process of creating the xhtml/css template files, with dummy content, from a psd file (or any other graphical layout file). The resulting xhtml/css files will be used by our developers as templates for cms based page rendering. The cms in this case is Drupal, but that might not be of much relevance. I'm looking for a good set of requirements, that will result in good quality xhtml/css code, complying with today's standards leaves little to the freelancer developer's imagination in terms of what I need I'm thinking about requirements like: Valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional document type, validated by validator.w3.org Identical rendering in all modern browsers (FF, Chrome, Safari, Opera, IE7-8) and also in IE6 All opening and closing block-level elements should be properly commented, referencing the functional part of the user interface they belong to (menu, toolbar, content, etc) No inline CSS definitions And so on. How would you organize a list like that? What requirements would you add?

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  • How to approach people you've found through internet with similar programming interests?

    - by randomguy
    I've recently really dived into Ruby/Rails and I'm falling in love. I have a gut feeling this might be something that could last for a while. What I've been missing is interaction with people who are as passionate about Ruby, Rails and things closely related to these. I live in a relatively small city, but was able to find five local people through a RoR website. Weekly meetups with Macs, beer and bro-love rushed through my mental theater. Seriously though, I have no clue how I could approach these people. I have their e-mail addresses. Any advice?

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  • Is it a "pattern smell" to put getters like "FullName" or "FormattedPhoneNumber" in your model?

    - by DanM
    I'm working on an ASP.NET MVC app, and I've been getting into the habit of putting what seem like helpful and convenient getters into my model/entity classes. For example: public class Member { public int Id { get; set; } public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } public string PhoneNumber { get; set; } public string FullName { get { return FirstName + " " + LastName; } } public string FormattedPhoneNumber { get { return "(" + PhoneNumber.Substring(0, 3) + ") " + PhoneNumber.Substring(3, 3) + "-" + PhoneNumber.Substring(6); } } } I'm wondering people think about the FullName and FormattedPhoneNumber getters. They make it very easy to create standardized data formats throughout the app, and they seem to save a lot of repeated code, but it could definitely be argued that data format is something that should be handled in mapping from model to view-model. In fact, I was originally applying these data formats in my service layer where I do my mapping, but it was becoming a burden to constantly have to write formatters then apply them in many different places. E.g., I use "Full Name" in most views, and having to type something like model.FullName = MappingUtilities.GetFullName(entity.FirstName, entity.LastName); all over the place seemed a lot less elegant than just typing model.FullName = entity.FullName (or, if you use something like AutoMapper, potentially not typing anything at all). So, where do you draw the line when it comes to data formatting. Is it "okay" to do data formatting in your model or is that a "pattern smell"? Note: I definitely do not have any html in my model. I use html helpers for that. I'm strictly talking about formatting or combining data (and especially data that is frequently used).

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  • Dependency Injection/IoC container practices when writing frameworks

    - by Dave Hillier
    I've used various IoC containers (Castle.Windsor, Autofac, MEF, etc) for .Net in a number of projects. I have found they tend to encourage a number of bad practices. Are there any established practices for IoC container use, particularly when providing a platform/framework? My aim as a framework writer is to make code as simple and as easy to use as possible. I'd rather write one line of code to construct an object than ten or even just two. For example, a couple of code smells that I've noticed and don't have good suggestions to: Large number of parameters (5) for constructors. Creating services tends to be complex; all of the dependencies are injected via the constructor - despite the fact that the components are rarely optional (except for maybe in testing). Lack of private and internal classes; this one may be a specific limitation of using C# and Silverlight, but I'm interested in how it is solved. It's difficult to tell what a frameworks interface is if all the classes are public; it allows me access to private parts that I probably shouldnt touch. Coupling the object lifecycle to the IoC container. It is often difficult to manually construct the dependencies required to create objects. Object lifecycle is too often managed by the IoC framework. I've seen projects where most classes are registered as Singletons. You get a lack of explicit control and are also forced to manage the internals (it relates to the above point, all classes are public and you have to inject them). For example, .Net framework has many static methods. such as, DateTime.UtcNow. Many times I have seen this wrapped and injected as a construction parameter. Depending on concrete implementation makes my code hard to test. Injecting a dependency makes my code hard to use - particularly if the class has many parameters. How do I provide both a testable interface, as well as one that is easy to use? What are the best practices?

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  • How to turn on/off code modules?

    - by Safran Ali
    I am trying to run multiple sites using single code base and code base consist of the following module (i.e. classes) User module Q & A module Faq module and each class works on MVC pattern i.e. it consist of Entity class Helper class (i.e. static class) View (i.e. pages and controls) and let's say I have 2 sites site1.com and site2.com. And I am trying to achieve following functionality site1.com can have User, Q & A and Faq module up and running site2.com can have User and Q & A module live while Faq module is switched off but it can be turned-on if needed, so my query here is what is the best way to achieve such functionality Do I introduce a flag bit that I check on every page and control belonging to that module? It's more like CMS where you can turn on/off different features. I am trying to get my head around it, please provide me with an example or point out if I am taking the wrong approach.

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  • Gui Batch program on USB

    - by Chris Okyen
    When I put my USB drive into a computer, I want autorun.inf to run a batch file that will have a win32/winform GUI windows interface to allow the user to select a program to run from the beginning similiar to like this: Please let me know if windows allows this without it being done programmatically. I know their are some automation programs that work by generating code based on what it records you do. But I don't knwo of any already built windows prompt like this, so I don't knwo how to record such an action.

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  • Modified Strategy Design Pattern

    - by Samuel Walker
    I've started looking into Design Patterns recently, and one thing I'm coding would suit the Strategy pattern perfectly, except for one small difference. Essentially, some (but not all) of my algorithms, need an extra parameter or two passed to them. So I'll either need to pass them an extra parameter when I invoke their calculate method or store them as variables inside the ConcreteAlgorithm class, and be able to update them before I call the algorithm. Is there a design pattern for this need / How could I implement this while sticking to the Strategy Pattern? I've considered passing the client object to all the algorithms, and storing the variables in there, then using that only when the particular algorithm needs it. However, I think this is both unwieldy, and defeats the point of the strategy pattern. Just to be clear I'm implementing in Java, and so don't have the luxury of optional parameters (which would solve this nicely).

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  • Bad style programming, am I pretending too much?

    - by Luca
    I realized to work in an office with a quite bad code base. The base library implemented in years and years is quite limited, and most of that code is, honestly, horrible. Projects developed in the office are very large. Fine. I could define me a "perfectionist" (but often I'm not), and I thought to refactor an application (really a portion), which need a new (complex) feature. But, today, I really realized that it's not possible to refactor that application modules with a reasonable time (say, 24/26 hours, respect the avaialable time for the task, which is 160 hours). I'm talking about (I am a bit ashamed to say) name collisions, large and frequent cut & paste code, horrible and misleading naming, makefiles without dependencies (!), application login is spread randomly across many different sources, dead code, variable aliasing, no assertion, no documentation, very long source files, bad/incomplete include file definition, (this is emblematic!) very frequent extern declaration of variables and functions, ... I'm sure to continue ... buffer overflows because sprintf, indentation (!), spacing, non existent const modifier usage. I would say that every source line was written quite randomly when needed, without keeping in mind some design (at least, the obvious one). (Am I in hell?) The problem arises when the application is developed by a colleague of mine. I felt very frustrated. So, I decided to expose the "situation" to my colleague; at the end, that was a bad idea. He is justified in saying that "the application was developed in haste, so it is natural that it is written vaguely; you are wasting time to think and implement an elegant implementation" .... I'm asking too much from my colleague to write readable code, which is managed and documented? I expect too much in not having to read thousands of lines of code to understand how a particular logic?

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  • High level vs. low level programming. Do I really have to choose?

    - by EpsilonVector
    Every once in a while I'm asked in interviews which I like the best- low level or high level. It seems to me that the implicit message is that they are both a specialty and they want to know which direction I'm heading. The trouble is, I seem to like both. Low level is extremely challenging and often requires a great deal of esoteric knowledge. High level is where all the sexy things happen: applications that people use directly, results that can be easily demonstrated (showed off) in a way that is accessible to everybody, and you get to work with really advanced tools and interact with new technologies. I would really love to do both, even if it means alternating between them (I doubt there are jobs that will let me do both simultaneously), but I'm guessing that the industry rewards specialists more than generalists. Will it really be problematic career wise if I never choose one over the other? Is it practical to alternate between the two in the sense that if I were to leave a job doing one of them, I should experience no "friction" trying to get a job doing the other (assuming I'm reasonably in the loop)? Are there career opportunities where you get to do both? Do I really have to choose one over the other?

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  • How could this diagram of the current most lucrative technologies be improved?

    - by Edward Tanguay
    I'm giving a talk in April 2011 on the "Developer English" and showing my non-developer audience, mostly English teachers, various diagrams to explain how developers see their industry etc. One of these diagrams is "Hot Technologies", basically, if you want to become a developer, what technologies should you learn to have the highest chance of (1) getting a job (2) making a good salary, and (3) work with the most exciting technology. This is a draft I made just to get some ideas out, basically C#, PHP, Java are where the bulk of the jobs are. Mobile development has a big future. JavaScript is becoming more and more important, and I want to list "minor technologies" such a Python, Ruby on Rails to the side, I assume e.g. that in general, there are a much smaller percentage of jobs in these technologies as in C#, PHP, Java. How could this diagram be improved?

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  • Useful certifications for a young programmer

    - by Alain
    As @Paddyslacker elegantly stated in Are certifications worth it? The main purpose of certifications is to make money for the certifying body. I am a fairly young developer, with only an undergraduate degree, and my job is (graciously) offering to sponsor some professional development of my choice (provided it can be argued that it will contribute to the quality of work I do for them). A search online offers a slew of (mostly worthless) certifications one can attain. I'm wondering if there are any that are actually recognized in the (North American) industry as an asset. My local university promoted CIPS (I.S.P., ITCP) at the time I was graduating, but for all I can tell it's just the one that happened to get its foot in the door. It's certainly money grubbing - with a $205 a year fee. So are there any such certifications that provide useful credentials? To better define 'useful' - would it benefit full time developers, or is it only something worth while to the self-employed? Would any certifications lead me to being considered for higher wages, or can that only be achieved with more experience and an higher-level degree?

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  • Is an undergraduate degree in CS required?

    - by Girish
    I will complete my undergrad in Material Science this spring. I am not interested in the subject but I am very interested in Computer Science and programming and have decided to make the shift. Do you think I should first get an undergraduate degree in Computer Science or should I apply for a master's program? My programming skills are pretty decent, but I lack a lot of concrete knowledge in algorithms and data structures? Will a master's degree help me with the basics?

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  • What problems will I face if I remove the concept of interfaces from my code?

    - by Vishwas Gagrani
    I have been programming for many years but I am still not comfortable with the concept of "Interfaces". I try to use interfaces but many times I don't see a mandatory use for it. I think this is probably because the projects weren't so big, or because interfaces are more useful when teamwork is involved. So, making another attempt to understand the importance of interfaces, here is my question: What problems will I face if I remove the concept of interfaces from my code?

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  • Why are some seasoned ASP.NET developers defecting to Ruby on Rails?

    - by Tony_Henrich
    Once a while I hear some known ASP.NET developer declaring that they quit developing in .NET and moving to Ruby using Ruby in Rails. The problem is they don't mention exactly the reasons. They use words like RoR is 'easier', 'better' & 'faster'. That really doesn't say much to me. Anyone care to do faithful comparison using code samples, case studies ..etc or from personal experience in using both? Try to convince me to throw away all my years of learning C#, the .NET Framework using a powerful IDE (Visual Studio). Does RoR save you hours a week in development time? What are the major pain points in .NET that compels one to move away from it? This question is NOT about a pure RoR vs ASP.NET (MVC) comparison. It's about the compelling technical reasons (getting bored does not count!) to switch over after using a platform for several years and start with a new language and platform. (prefer this to be a wiki)

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  • Does the deprecation of mysql_* functions in PHP carry over to other Databases(MSSQL)?

    - by MobyD
    I'm not talking about MySQL, I'm talking about Microsoft SQL Server I've been aware of PDO for quite some time now, standard mysql functions are dangerous and should be avoided. http://php.net/manual/en/function.mysql-connect.php But what about the MSSQL function in PHP? They are, for most purposes, identical sets of functions, but the PHP page describing mssql_* carries no warning of deprecation. http://us.php.net/manual/en/function.mssql-connect.php There are PDO drivers available for MSSQL, but they aren't quite as readily available or used as the MySQL drivers. Ideally, it looks to me like I should get them working and move from mssql_* to PDO like I have with MySQL, but is it as big of a priority? Is there some hidden safety to MSSQL that means it's exempt from all of the mysql_* hatred as of late? Or is its obscurity as a backend the only reason there hasn't been more PDO encouragement?

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  • Junior software developer - How to understand web applications in depth?

    - by nat_gr
    I am currently a junior developer in web applications and specifically in ASP.NET MVC technology. My problem is that the C# senior developer in the company has no experience with this technology and I try to learn without any guidance. I went through all tutorials (e.g music store), codeplex projects and also read Pro ASP.NET MVC 4. However, most of the examples are about CRUD and e-commerce applications. What I don't understand is how dependency injection fits in web applications (I have realized that is not only used for facilitating unit testing) or when I should use a custom model binder or how to model the business logic when there is already a database schema in place. I read the forum quite often and it would very helpful if some experienced developer could give me an insight about how to proceed. Do I need to read some books to understand the overall idea behind web applications? And what kind of application should I start building myself - I don't think it would be useful to create similar examples with the tutorials.

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  • Real-world use cases for Smalltalk

    - by Andrea Spadaccini
    Hello, I've been playing a bit with Smalltalk, and I found it interesting. I know that there are some classical examples of Smalltalk: the Smalltalk images themselves and the Seaside web framework, and that there are lots of in-house custom applications built using this language. I'd like to know if: there are computer applications actively used and developed apart from the ones I mentioned. there are software houses that use Smalltalk for doing their job when would you use Smalltalk instead of another language for developing from scratch a new application

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  • What should web-developer know? [closed]

    - by Chelios
    Possible Duplicate: What should every programmer know about web development? I am looking forward to be web-developer, I am a junior ASP.NET developer at the moment, but I want to be an expert in web-development since it's the most needed freelance job aswell as a good niche for starting own business/project/startup, so I would like to know what technologies should I a good web-developer know? Thanks!

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  • Can an issue tracking system be distributed?

    - by Klaim
    I was thinking about issue tracking software like Redmine, Trac or even the one that is in Fossil and something hit me: Is there a reason why Redmine and Trac are not possible to be distributed? Or maybe it's possible and I just don't know how it's possible? If it's not possible, why? By distributed I mean like Facebook or Google or other applications that effectively runs on multiple hardware a the same time but share data.

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  • Correct For Loop Design

    - by Yttrill
    What is the correct design for a for loop? Felix currently uses if len a > 0 do for var i in 0 upto len a - 1 do println a.[i]; done done which is inclusive of the upper bound. This is necessary to support the full range of values of a typical integer type. However the for loop shown does not support zero length arrays, hence the special test, nor will the subtraction of 1 work convincingly if the length of the array is equal to the number of integers. (I say convincingly because it may be that 0 - 1 = maxval: this is true in C for unsigned int, but are you sure it is true for unsigned char without thinking carefully about integral promotions?) The actual implementation of the for loop by my compiler does correctly handle 0 but this requires two tests to implement the loop: continue: if not (i <= bound) goto break body if i == bound goto break ++i goto continue break: Throw in the hand coded zero check in the array example and three tests are needed. If the loop were exclusive it would handle zero properly, avoiding the special test, but there'd be no way to express the upper bound of an array with maximum size. Note the C way of doing this: for(i=0; predicate(i); increment(i)) has the same problem. The predicate is tested after the increment, but the terminating increment is not universally valid! There is a general argument that a simple exclusive loop is enough: promote the index to a large type to prevent overflow, and assume no one will ever loop to the maximum value of this type.. but I'm not entirely convinced: if you promoted to C's size_t and looped from the second largest value to the largest you'd get an infinite loop!

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  • Beta Testing iOS Application

    - by dbramhall
    I was wondering if it is advisable to get a small team of beta testers for an iOS application that will be released to the App Store. I am developing an iOS application and I have setup a beta application form however I was wondering if it is advisable to even do beta testing considering I am actively testing and using my application on all of my own iOS devices (iPad 2, 2 iPod Touches and an iPhone 4 (plus, of course iOS Simulator)) - all running various versions of iOS 4. My question is: would you advise someone to get beta testers for an iOS application and, if so, how would you advise them to go about getting testers. For those interested, my application is at http://affogato.visioa.com/

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  • So what *did* Alan Kay really mean by the term "object-oriented"?

    - by Charlie Flowers
    Reportedly, Alan Kay is the inventor of the term "object oriented". And he is often quoted as having said that what we call OO today is not what he meant. For example, I just found this on Google: I made up the term 'object-oriented', and I can tell you I didn't have C++ in mind -- Alan Kay, OOPSLA '97 I vaguely remember hearing something pretty insightful about what he did mean. Something along the lines of "message passing". Do you know what he meant? Can you fill in more details of what he meant and how it differs from today's common OO? Please share some references if you have any. Thanks.

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  • Do employers hiring for Software jobs care about the classes you took in CS masters program?

    - by Joey Green
    I'm torn between two classes right now for next semester( Software Design and Advanced Computer Graphics ). I would enjoy Advanced Computer Graphics more, but I feel the software design class would help me when approaching anything I ever build for the rest of my career. I feel though I could just buy the book( I already have both books actually ) of the Software Design class and go through it, if I wanted. But think it would be a bit tougher to pick up the Advanced Computer Graphics class on my own. So do employers look at the graduate classes you've taken to decide if you would be a good fit or not? I think more importantly what I'm wanting to know is if I wanted to work for a high-end software company like Apple or Google would a company like that be more impressed by someone that took software engineering classes or hardcore CS classes?

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