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  • PHP MYSQL Insert Data in Arabic Language

    - by h_a86
    I am trying to insert some Arabic Language data into MySQL using PHP and an HTML form. When I insert the data in to MYSQL table, the table field represents data as مرحبا العالم. But when I access the same data with PHP and show it in my webpage, it shows the correct data. I am using: http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" meta tag in my web page to show Arabic data. My question is why my data looks like this: مرحبا العالم in MySQL table, and how should I correct it.

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  • Best ways to teach a beginner to program?

    - by Justin Standard
    Original Question I am currently engaged in teaching my brother to program. He is a total beginner, but very smart. (And he actually wants to learn). I've noticed that some of our sessions have gotten bogged down in minor details, and I don't feel I've been very organized. (But the answers to this post have helped a lot.) What can I do better to teach him effectively? Is there a logical order that I can use to run through concept by concept? Are there complexities I should avoid till later? The language we are working with is Python, but advice in any language is welcome. How to Help If you have good ones please add the following in your answer: Beginner Exercises and Project Ideas Resources for teaching beginners Screencasts / blog posts / free e-books Print books that are good for beginners Please describe the resource with a link to it so I can take a look. I want everyone to know that I have definitely been using some of these ideas. Your submissions will be aggregated in this post. Online Resources for teaching beginners: A Gentle Introduction to Programming Using Python How to Think Like a Computer Scientist Alice: a 3d program for beginners Scratch (A system to develop programming skills) How To Design Programs Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs Learn To Program Robert Read's How To Be a Programmer Microsoft XNA Spawning the Next Generation of Hackers COMP1917 Higher Computing lectures by Richard Buckland (requires iTunes) Dive into Python Python Wikibook Project Euler - sample problems (mostly mathematical) pygame - an easy python library for creating games Create Your Own Games With Python ebook Foundations of Programming for a next step beyond basics. Squeak by Example Recommended Print Books for teaching beginners Accelerated C++ Python Programming for the Absolute Beginner Code by Charles Petzold

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  • Program Structure Design Tools? (Top Down Design)

    - by Lee Olayvar
    I have been looking to expand my methodologies to better involve Unit testing, and i stumbled upon Behavioral Driven Design (Namely Cucumber, and a few others). I am quite intrigued by the concept as i have never been able to properly design top down, only because keeping track of the design gets lost without a decent way to record it. So on that note, in a mostly language agnostic way, are there any useful tools out there i am (probably) unaware of? Eg, i have often been tempted to try building flow charts for my programs, but i am not sure how much that will help, and it seems a bit confusing to me how i could make a complex enough flow chart to handle the logic of a full program, and all its features.. ie, it just seems like flow charts would be limiting in the design scheme.. or possibly grow to an unmaintainable scale. BDD methods are nice, but with a system that is so tied to structure, tying into the language and unit testing seems like a must (for it to be worth it) and it seems to be hard to find something to work well with both Python and Java (my two main languages). So anyway.. on that note, any comments are much appreciated. I have searched around on here and it seems like top down design is a well discussed topic, but i haven't seen too much reference to tools themselves, eg, flow chart programs, etc. I am on Linux, if it matters (in the case of programs).

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  • Programming Technique: How to create a simple card game

    - by Shyam
    Hi, As I am learning the Ruby language, I am getting closer to actual programming. So I was thinking of creating a simple card game. My question isn't Ruby orientated, but I do know want to learn how to solve this problem with a genuine OOP approach. In my card game I want to have four players. Using a standard deck with 52 cards, no jokers/wildcards. In the game I won't use the Ace as a dual card, it is always the highest card. So, the programming problems I wonder about are the following: How can I sort/randomize the deck of cards? There are four types, each having 13 values. Eventually there can be only unique values, so picking random values could generate duplicates. How can I implement a simple AI? As there are tons of card games, someone would have figured this part out already, so references would be great. I am a truly Ruby nuby, and my goal here is to learn to solve problems, so pseudo code would be great, just to understand how to solve the problem programmatically. I apologize for my grammar and writing style if it's unclear, for it is not my native language. Also pointers to sites where such challenges are explained, would be a great resource! Thank you for your comments, answers and feedback!

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  • IUsable: controlling resources in a better way than IDisposable

    - by Ilya Ryzhenkov
    I wish we have "Usable" pattern in C#, when code block of using construct would be passed to a function as delegate: class Usable : IUsable { public void Use(Action action) // implements IUsable { // acquire resources action(); // release resources } } and in user code: using (new Usable()) { // this code block is converted to delegate and passed to Use method above } Pros: Controlled execution, exceptions The fact of using "Usable" is visible in call stack Cons: Cost of delegate Do you think it is feasible and useful, and if it doesn't have any problems from the language point of view? Are there any pitfalls you can see? EDIT: David Schmitt proposed the following using(new Usable(delegate() { // actions here }) {} It can work in the sample scenario like that, but usually you have resource already allocated and want it to look like this: using (Repository.GlobalResource) { // actions here } Where GlobalResource (yes, I know global resources are bad) implements IUsable. You can rewrite is as short as Repository.GlobalResource.Use(() => { // actions here }); But it looks a little bit weird (and more weird if you implement interface explicitly), and this is so often case in various flavours, that I thought it deserve to be new syntactic sugar in a language.

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  • Basic syntax for an animation loop?

    - by Moshe
    I know that jQuery, for example, can do animation of sorts. I also know that at the very core of the animation, there must me some sort of loop doing the animation. What is an example of such a loop? A complete answer should ideally answer the following questions: What is a basic syntax for an effective animation recursion that can animate a single property of a particular object at a time? The function should be able to vary its target object and property of the object. What arguments/parameters should it take? What is a good range of reiterating the loop? In milliseconds? (Should this be a parameter/argument to the function?) REMEMBER: The answer is NOT necessarily language specific, but if you are writing in a specific language, please specify which one. Error handling is a plus. {Nothing is more irritating (for our purposes) than an animation that does something strange, like stopping halfway through.} Thanks!

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  • Switching languages on a website with PHP

    - by jnkrois
    Hello everybody, I'm just looking for some advice. I'm creating a website that offers (at least) 2 languages. The way I'm setting it up is by using XML files for the language, PHP to retrieve the values in the XML nodes. Say you have any XML file, being loaded as follows: <?php $lang = "en"; $xmlFile = simplexml_load_file("$lang/main.xml"); ?> Once the file contents are available, I just output each node into an HTML tag like so: <li><?php echo $xmlFile->navigation->home; ?></li> which in turn is equal to : <li><a href="#">Home</a></li> as a nav bar link. Now, the way in which I'm switching languages is by changing the value of the "$lang" variable, through a "$_POST", like so: if(isset($_POST['es'])){ $lang = "es"; }elseif(isset($_POST['en'])){ $lang = "en"; } The value of the "$lang" variable is reset and the new file is loaded, loading as well all the new nodes from the new XML file, hence changing the language. I'm just wondering if there is another way to reset the "$lang" variable using something else, other than "$_POST" or "$_GET". I don't want to use query string either. I know I could use JavaScript or jQuery to achieve this, but I'd like to make the site not too dependable on JavaScript. I'd appreciate any ideas or advice. Thanks

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  • Calculate the digital root of a number

    - by Gregory Higley
    A digital root, according to Wikipedia, is "the number obtained by adding all the digits, then adding the digits of that number, and then continuing until a single-digit number is reached." For instance, the digital root of 99 is 9, because 9 + 9 = 18 and 1 + 8 = 9. My Haskell solution -- and I'm no expert -- is as follows. digitalRoot n | n < 10 = n | otherwise = digitalRoot . sum . map (\c -> read [c]) . show $ n As a language junky, I'm interested in seeing solutions in as many languages as possible, both to learn about those languages and possibly to learn new ways of using languages I already know. (And I know at least a bit of quite a few.) I'm particularly interested in the tightest, most elegant solutions in Haskell and REBOL, my two principal "hobby" languages, but any ol' language will do. (I pay the bills with unrelated projects in Objective C and C#.) Here's my (verbose) REBOL solution: digital-root: func [n [integer!] /local added expanded] [ either n < 10 [ n ][ expanded: copy [] foreach c to-string n [ append expanded to-integer to-string c ] added: 0 foreach e expanded [ added: added + e ] digital-root added ] ] EDIT: As some have pointed out either directly or indirectly, there's a quick one-line expression that can calculate this. You can find it in several of the answers below and in the linked Wikipedia page. (I've awarded Varun the answer, as the first to point it out.) Wish I'd known about that before, but we can still bend our brains with this question by avoiding solutions that involve that expression, if you're so inclined. If not, Crackoverflow has no shortage of questions to answer. :)

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  • How To Create a Flexible Plug-In Architecture?

    - by justkt
    A repeating theme in my development work has been the use of or creation of an in-house plug-in architecture. I've seen it approached many ways - configuration files (XML, .conf, and so on), inheritance frameworks, database information, libraries, and others. In my experience: A database isn't a great place to store your configuration information, especially co-mingled with data Attempting this with an inheritance hierarchy requires knowledge about the plug-ins to be coded in, meaning the plug-in architecture isn't all that dynamic Configuration files work well for providing simple information, but can't handle more complex behaviors Libraries seem to work well, but the one-way dependencies have to be carefully created. As I seek to learn from the various architectures I've worked with, I'm also looking to the community for suggestions. How have you implemented a solid plug-in architecture? What was your worst failure (or the worst failure you've seen)? What would you do if you were going to implement a new plug-in architecture? What SDK or open source project that you've worked with has the best example of a good architecture? A few examples I've been finding on my own: Perl's Module::Plugable An SO question with a list for Java (including Sever Provider Interfaces) An SO question for C++ pointing to a Dr. Dobbs article These examples seem to play to various language strengths. Is a good plugin architecture necessarily tied to the language? Is it best to use tools to create a plugin architecture, or to do it on one's own following models?

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  • Program structure in long running data processing python script

    - by fmark
    For my current job I am writing some long-running (think hours to days) scripts that do CPU intensive data-processing. The program flow is very simple - it proceeds into the main loop, completes the main loop, saves output and terminates: The basic structure of my programs tends to be like so: <import statements> <constant declarations> <misc function declarations> def main(): for blah in blahs(): <lots of local variables> <lots of tightly coupled computation> for something in somethings(): <lots more local variables> <lots more computation> <etc., etc.> <save results> if __name__ == "__main__": main() This gets unmanageable quickly, so I want to refactor it into something more manageable. I want to make this more maintainable, without sacrificing execution speed. Each chuck of code relies on a large number of variables however, so refactoring parts of the computation out to functions would make parameters list grow out of hand very quickly. Should I put this sort of code into a python class, and change the local variables into class variables? It doesn't make a great deal of sense tp me conceptually to turn the program into a class, as the class would never be reused, and only one instance would ever be created per instance. What is the best practice structure for this kind of program? I am using python but the question is relatively language-agnostic, assuming a modern object-oriented language features.

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  • Please suggest other ways of communicating between server & client.

    - by Geo
    I'm writing a TCP chat server ( programming language does not mather ). It's a school project for my nephew, so it won't be released, and all questions I'm asking are just for my knowledge :). . Some of the things it will support: chatting between users ( doh ), it will be multithreaded sending each other files I know I could easily get away with all the stuff above if I go with serialization, and just send objects from client to server and back. But, if I do that, it will be limited to a specific programming language ( meaning clients written in other programming languages may not be able to deserialize the objects ). What would be the way to go so that other clients written in other languages could be supported? One way to go, off the top of my head, would be to go in this direction: the server & the client communicate by sending messages & chunks ( in lieu of other names ). Here's what I mean by this: every time the client/server wants to send something ( text message or file ) it will first send a simple text message ( newline terminated ) with the number of the chunks it will send. Example: command 4,20,30,40,50 Where command would be something like instant-message or file,4 would be the number of chunks to be sent, 20 would be the size in bytes of the first chunk, 30 of the 2nd, and so forth. after the message was sent, the client/server will start sending chunks ( of sizes mentioned in the sent message ). What do you think about implementing the client/server communication this way? What better options are there?

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  • What is good about php/what is php good for?

    - by Roman A. Taycher
    I have often seen php bashed around the webs as a loosely typed(loose typing as in a lot of type coercion and/or easy(and perhaps common) to cast object all over not dynamic typing) language without a great compiler/interpreter/vm, with even the standard library using a number of different naming conventions. A lot of people complain about perl but many (including a lot of the complainers) also give it a lot of credit for its regexes and general flexibility and power. Other then legacy code , giant web frameworks that can do tons(drupal,ect.), and easy cheap hosting what is good about php (,also what criticism are unfair, and how is the language evolving to overcome its problems). Why would i want to learn it? why would I want to do an independent project in it? The main thing I have heard is that its php codes simplicity is sometimes easier then the over-engineered complexity you find in certain Java frameworks and applications. I'm not just trolling, i'm genuinly curious what makes php programmers use it. try to convince me to put it on my languages to dabble in and languages to learn more in depth lists.

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  • How to change the spell checking language in Chromium?

    - by mote
    When write I need spell checking in Danish or English (one at a time, not both at the same time), but changing from one language to the other is not working well for me. Example: Writing an email in English, everything is underlined as misspelled because the spelling language is set to Danish. I then right-click the text field and choose "Spell-checker Options" and set the language to English. But is does not change the language. Only after I try maybe 4-5 times it does. Selecting the text, clicking it, clicking the background, click the text, I have tried it all but I cannot figure out how it works. Sometimes it changes on first try, sometimes I have to do it 6-7 times. Searching brings lots of a known bugs stating that Chromium does not re-check the text after changing the language. But that is not what drives me crazy, for starters being able to change the language in the first try would be nice. It is not a fault in my installation, I have the same problem on 3 computers. Does any know something that I don't?

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  • Using QT to build a WYSIWYG Editor for a Custom Markup Language

    - by Aaron
    I'm new to QT, and am trying to figure out the best means of creating a WYSIWYG editor widget for a custom markup language that displays simple text, images, and links. I need to be able to propagate changes from the WYSIWYG editor to the custom markup representation. As a concrete example of the problem domain, imagine that the custom markup might have a "player" tag which contains a player name and a team name. The markup could look like this: Last week, <player id="1234"><name>Aaron Rodgers</name><team>Packers</team></player> threw a pass. This text would display in the editor as: Last week, Aaron Rodgers of the Packers threw a pass. The player name and the team name would be editable directly within the editor in standard WYSIWYG fashion, so that my users do not have to learn any markup. Also, when the player name is moused-over, a details pop-up will appear about that player, and similarly for the team. With that long introduction, I'm trying to figure out where to start with QT. It seems that the most logical option would be the Rich Text API using a QTextDocument. This approach seems less than ideal given the limitations of a QTextDocument: I can't figure out how to capture navigation events from clicking on links. Following links on click seems to only be enabled when the QTextEdit is readonly. Custom objects that implement QTextObjectInterface are ignored in copy-and-paste operations Any HTML-based markup that is passed to it as Rich Text is retranslated into a series of span tags and lots of other junk, making it extremely difficult to propagate changes from the editor back to the original custom markup. A second option appears to be QWebKit, which allows for live editing of HTML5 markup, so I could specify a two-way translation between the custom markup and HTML5. I'm not clear on how one would propagate changes from the editor back to the original markup in real-time without re-translating the entire document on every text change. The QWebKit solutions looks like awfully bulky to me (Learning WebKit along with QT) to what should be a relatively simple problem. I have also considered implementing the WYSIWYG with a custom class using native QT containers, labels, images, and other widgets manually. This seems like the most flexible approach, and the one most likely not to run into unresolvable problems. However, I'm pretty sure that implementing all the details of a normal text editor (selecting text, font changes, cut-and-paste support, undo/redo, dragging of objects, cursor placement, etc.) will be incredibly time consuming. So, finally, my question: are there any QT gurus out there with some advice on where to start with this sort of project? BTW, I am using QT because the application is a desktop application that needs platform independence.

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  • Changing the default UITabBarController background color.

    - by Scott
    Hello, So I have an iPhone application running that is controlled at the highest level by a UITabBarController. It is the default black Tab Bar at the bottom that you see in many iPhone apps. I am kind of new to iPhone SDK programming, and I know I have seen other apps that have their own background color for the Tab Bar at the bottom. I am not sure if they are using this tab bar as I am, as the main controller for their app, but the question applies to this: How do I change the background color of the main UITabBarController in my application? I wanted to change it to a dark shade of green similar to the colors of the navigation bars and labels I have placed in my app. I find it weird how Apple makes it really easy to change the color of Navigation Bars (not controllers), and other things, but when it comes to controllers (in this case a Tab Bar Controller), I cannot find a single way to implement this cleanly and efficiently. Thanks! -Scott

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  • WPF MVVM: TextBox and default Button binding does update too late

    - by Sam
    I've got a simple WPF dialog with these two controls: <TextBox Text="{Binding MyText}"/> <Button Command="{Binding MyCommand}" IsDefault="True"/> Now, when I enter some text in the TextBox and click the button using the mouse, everything works like expected: the TextBox will set MyText and MyCommand is called. But when I enter some text and hit enter to "click" the default button, it does not work. Since on hitting enter the focus does not leave the TextBox, the binding will not be refresh MyText. So when MyCommand is called (which works), MyText will contain old data. How do I fix this in MVVM? In classic code-behind I probably just would call "MyButton.Focus()" in the MyCommand handler, but in MVVM the MyCommand handler does know nothing about the button. So what now`?

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  • Django doesn't refresh my request object when reloading the current page.

    - by Boris Rusev
    I have a Django web site which I want ot be viewable in different languages. Until this morning everything was working fine. Here is the deal. I go to my say About Us page and it is in English. Below it there is the change language button and when I press it everything "magically" translates to Bulgarian just the way I want it. On the other hand I have a JS menu from which the user is able to browse through the products. I click on 'T-Shirt' then a sub-menu opens bellow the previously pressed containing different categories - Men, Women, Children. The link guides me to a page where the exact clothes I have requested are listed. BUT... When I try to change the language THEN, nothing happens. I go to the Abouts Page, change the language from there, return to the clothes catalog and the language is changed... I will no paste some code. This is my change button code: function changeLanguage() { if (getCookie('language') == 'EN') { setCookie("language", 'BG'); } else { setCookie("language", 'EN'); } window.location.reload(); } These are my URL patterns: urlpatterns = patterns('', # Example: # (r'^enter_clothing/', include('enter_clothing.foo.urls')), # Uncomment the admin/doc line below and add 'django.contrib.admindocs' # to INSTALLED_APPS to enable admin documentation: # (r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')), # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin: (r'^site_media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': '/home/boris/Projects/enter_clothing/templates/media', 'show_indexes': True}), (r'^$', 'enter_clothing.clothes_app.views.index'), (r'^home', 'enter_clothing.clothes_app.views.home'), (r'^products', 'enter_clothing.clothes_app.views.products'), (r'^orders', 'enter_clothing.clothes_app.views.orders'), (r'^aboutUs', 'enter_clothing.clothes_app.views.aboutUs'), (r'^contactUs', 'enter_clothing.clothes_app.views.contactUs'), (r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)), (r'^(\w+)/(\w+)/page=(\d+)', 'enter_clothing.clothes_app.views.displayClothes'), ) My About Us page: @base def aboutUs(request): return """<b>%s</b>""" % getTranslation("About Us Text", request.COOKIES['language']) The @base method: def base(myfunc): def inner_func(*args, **kwargs): try: args[0].COOKIES['language'] except: args[0].COOKIES['language'] = 'BG' resetGlobalVariables() initCollections(args[0]) categoriesByCollection = dict((collection, getCategoriesFromCollection(args[0], collection)) for collection in collections) if args[0].COOKIES['language'] == 'BG': for k, v in categoriesByCollection.iteritems(): categoriesByCollection[k] = reduce(lambda a,b: a+b, map(lambda x: """<li><a href="/%s/%s/page=1">%s</a></li>""" % (translateCategory(args[0], x), translateCollection(args[0], k), str(x)), v), "") else: for k, v in categoriesByCollection.iteritems(): categoriesByCollection[k] = reduce(lambda a,b: a+b, map(lambda x: """<li><a href="/%s/%s/page=1">%s</a></li>""" % (str(x), str(k), str(x)), v), "") contents = myfunc(*args, **kwargs) return render_to_response('index.html', {'title': title, 'categoriesByCollection': categoriesByCollection.iteritems(), 'keys': enumerate(keys), 'values': enumerate(values), 'contents': contents, 'btnHome':getTranslation("Home Button", args[0].COOKIES['language']), 'btnProducts':getTranslation("Products Button", args[0].COOKIES['language']), 'btnOrders':getTranslation("Orders Button", args[0].COOKIES['language']), 'btnAboutUs':getTranslation("About Us Button", args[0].COOKIES['language']), 'btnContacts':getTranslation("Contact Us Button", args[0].COOKIES['language']), 'btnChangeLanguage':getTranslation("Button Change Language", args[0].COOKIES['language'])}) return inner_func And the catalog page: @base def displayClothes(request, category, collection, page): clothesToDisplay = getClothesFromCollectionAndCategory(request, category, collection) contents = "" pageCount = len(clothesToDisplay) / ( rowCount * columnCount) + 1 matrixSize = rowCount * columnCount currentPage = str(page).replace("page=", "") currentPage = int(currentPage) - 1 #raise Exception(request) # this is for the clothes layout for x in range(currentPage * matrixSize, matrixSize * (currentPage + 1)): if x < len(clothesToDisplay): if request.COOKIES['language'] == 'EN': contents += """<div class="clothes">%s</div>""" % clothesToDisplay[x].getEnglishHTML() else: contents += """<div class="clothes">%s</div>""" % clothesToDisplay[x].getBulgarianHTML() if (x + 1) % columnCount == 0: contents += """<div class="clear"></div>""" contents += """<div class="clear"></div>""" # this is for the page links if pageCount > 1: for x in range(0, pageCount): if x == currentPage: contents += """<a href="/%s/%s/page=%s"><span style="font-size: 20pt; color: black;">%s</span></a>""" % (category, collection, x + 1, x + 1) else: contents += """<a href="/%s/%s/page=%s"><span style="font-size: 20pt; color: blue;">%s</span></a>""" % (category, collection, x + 1, x + 1) return """%s""" % (contents) Let me explain that you needn't be alarmed by the large quantities of code I have posted. You don't have to understand it or even look at all of it. I've published it just in case because I really can't understand the origins of the bug. Now this is how I have narrowed the problem. I am debuging with "raise Exception(request)" every time I want to know what's inside my request object. When I place this in my aboutUs method, the language cookie value changes every time I press the language button. But NOT when I am in the displayClothes method. There the language stays the same. Also I tried putting the exception line in the beginning of the @base method. It turns out the situation there is exactly the same. When I am in my About Us page and click on the button, the language in my request object changes, but when I press the button while in the catalog page it remains unchanged. That is all I could find, and I have no idea as to how Django distinguishes my pages and in what way. P.S. The JavaScript I think works perfectly, I have tested it in multiple ways. Thank you, I hope some of you will read this enormous post, and don't hesitate to ask for more code excerpts.

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  • Set @Html.RadioButtonFor as Checked by default

    - by minchiya
    I am not able to set the default radio button to "Checked" ! I am using @Html.RadioButtonFor : <div id="private-user"> @Html.RadioButtonFor(m => m.UserType, "type1", new { @class="type-radio" , **@Checked="checked"** }) 1 </div> <div id="proff-user"> @Html.RadioButtonFor(m => m.UserType, "type2", new { @class="type-radio" }) 2 </div> Is it possible to set a radio button as cheched using @Html.RadioButtonFor ? Thx

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  • How to set default value of h:selectOneRadio button

    - by Nitin
    Hi All I am unable to set the default value of h:selectOneRadio as i need radio button to be pre selected <h:selectOneRadio id="myRadio" value="#{Externalbean.addressFlag}" > <f:selectItem itemValue="1" itemLabel="Yes"/> <f:selectItem itemValue="0" itemLabel="No"/> </h:selectOneRadio> and my backing bean is private String addressFlag="0"; public String getAddressFlag() { return addressFlag; } public void setAddressFlag(String addressFlag) { this.addressFlag = addressFlag; } but no luck

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  • What's the best name for a non-mutating "add" method on an immutable collection?

    - by Jon Skeet
    Sorry for the waffly title - if I could come up with a concise title, I wouldn't have to ask the question. Suppose I have an immutable list type. It has an operation Foo(x) which returns a new immutable list with the specified argument as an extra element at the end. So to build up a list of strings with values "Hello", "immutable", "world" you could write: var empty = new ImmutableList<string>(); var list1 = empty.Foo("Hello"); var list2 = list1.Foo("immutable"); var list3 = list2.Foo("word"); (This is C# code, and I'm most interested in a C# suggestion if you feel the language is important. It's not fundamentally a language question, but the idioms of the language may be important.) The important thing is that the existing lists are not altered by Foo - so empty.Count would still return 0. Another (more idiomatic) way of getting to the end result would be: var list = new ImmutableList<string>().Foo("Hello"); .Foo("immutable"); .Foo("word"); My question is: what's the best name for Foo? EDIT 3: As I reveal later on, the name of the type might not actually be ImmutableList<T>, which makes the position clear. Imagine instead that it's TestSuite and that it's immutable because the whole of the framework it's a part of is immutable... (End of edit 3) Options I've come up with so far: Add: common in .NET, but implies mutation of the original list Cons: I believe this is the normal name in functional languages, but meaningless to those without experience in such languages Plus: my favourite so far, it doesn't imply mutation to me. Apparently this is also used in Haskell but with slightly different expectations (a Haskell programmer might expect it to add two lists together rather than adding a single value to the other list). With: consistent with some other immutable conventions, but doesn't have quite the same "additionness" to it IMO. And: not very descriptive. Operator overload for + : I really don't like this much; I generally think operators should only be applied to lower level types. I'm willing to be persuaded though! The criteria I'm using for choosing are: Gives the correct impression of the result of the method call (i.e. that it's the original list with an extra element) Makes it as clear as possible that it doesn't mutate the existing list Sounds reasonable when chained together as in the second example above Please ask for more details if I'm not making myself clear enough... EDIT 1: Here's my reasoning for preferring Plus to Add. Consider these two lines of code: list.Add(foo); list.Plus(foo); In my view (and this is a personal thing) the latter is clearly buggy - it's like writing "x + 5;" as a statement on its own. The first line looks like it's okay, until you remember that it's immutable. In fact, the way that the plus operator on its own doesn't mutate its operands is another reason why Plus is my favourite. Without the slight ickiness of operator overloading, it still gives the same connotations, which include (for me) not mutating the operands (or method target in this case). EDIT 2: Reasons for not liking Add. Various answers are effectively: "Go with Add. That's what DateTime does, and String has Replace methods etc which don't make the immutability obvious." I agree - there's precedence here. However, I've seen plenty of people call DateTime.Add or String.Replace and expect mutation. There are loads of newsgroup questions (and probably SO ones if I dig around) which are answered by "You're ignoring the return value of String.Replace; strings are immutable, a new string gets returned." Now, I should reveal a subtlety to the question - the type might not actually be an immutable list, but a different immutable type. In particular, I'm working on a benchmarking framework where you add tests to a suite, and that creates a new suite. It might be obvious that: var list = new ImmutableList<string>(); list.Add("foo"); isn't going to accomplish anything, but it becomes a lot murkier when you change it to: var suite = new TestSuite<string, int>(); suite.Add(x => x.Length); That looks like it should be okay. Whereas this, to me, makes the mistake clearer: var suite = new TestSuite<string, int>(); suite.Plus(x => x.Length); That's just begging to be: var suite = new TestSuite<string, int>().Plus(x => x.Length); Ideally, I would like my users not to have to be told that the test suite is immutable. I want them to fall into the pit of success. This may not be possible, but I'd like to try. I apologise for over-simplifying the original question by talking only about an immutable list type. Not all collections are quite as self-descriptive as ImmutableList<T> :)

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  • LaTeX: Default font(s) for greek letters?

    - by Marco
    I'm a programmer but new to (La)TeX. As far as I can tell, neither the Computer Modern nor Latin Modern fonts have glyphs for the full greek alphabet. I installed (OS X) a Latin Modern font that came with TeX Live (lmroman10-regular.otf). As you can see in the attached image, the lowercase greek letters (and nabla) are displayed (TextEdit) using some default font. Also shown in the image is LaTeXiT displaying pretty lowercase greek letters that seem to be Latin-Modern-Italic-ish. So what font(s) are used by LaTeX for greek (and math symbols)? Where would I find them in the TeX fonts directory? Image: http://imgur.com/dvyyB.png

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  • Change Ssms2008 default setting on installation

    - by CziX
    Hey, I am currently developing a vbs script, which installs SQL server 2008 + SP1. After the install I want to change the default settings in the Ssms, such as "Prevent saving changes that require table recreation" and such on. I can't figure out, where Ssms hides its settings. Currently I am looking at 1) My Documents\SQL Server Management Studio\ 2) HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Shell\Profile But whenever I change a "setting" in the vssettings-file in 1), Ssms thinks it is first time it runs, and overwrite. How can I change the Ssms setting manual, without doing it from the Ssms itself?

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  • Trouble setting a default controller in MVC 2 RC Area

    - by mannish
    This should be simple, but alas... I've set up an Admin area within my MVC 2 project (single project areas). I've created a couple controllers and their respective view folders. In the AreaRegistration.RegisterArea method, I've specified that I want the default controller to be "Dashboard": public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) { context.MapRoute( "Admin_default", "Admin/{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { controller = "Dashboard", action = "Index", id = "" }, new string[] { "Admin" } ); } If I navigate to url/Admin/Dashboard, the index comes up just fine. What I want, though, is to allow the user to go to url/Admin/ and see the same thing. When I do this, however, I get "The resource cannot be found". I'm just getting my feet wet with MVC 2's Area implementation, and I don't think I'm doing anything overly complicated... Anyone had the same problem? Do I need to specify a separate route, perhaps at the root, non-area level?

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  • MFC SDI Application without a default "New Document" on Startup

    - by Jd
    My application is an SDI with multiple views. By default, it creates a new document when the application starts. I want to modify this behavior so that a new document is created only when user explicitly clicks on "New". Or at least mimic this behavior. Any ideas? I am using Visual Studio 2008 with MFC feature pack. I googled and found some solution to this problem in an old MS Journal article. But unfortunately it doesn't seem to work now. Any workarounds or solutions? In short, I need to differentiate between framework call to OnFileNew() and User Click on New.

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  • restore default css attributes

    - by pstanton
    hi all. i'm writing a component that is to be used across multiple websites. each website has it's own stylesheets and displays certain things differently. all of my html is wrapped within a div with an id: <div id="myComponent">...</div> my component however is to look consistent across all of the sites. this is fine as i apply styling to most of the attributes in my component. div#myComponent p {font-size:11px;} etc however i've come across a site that removes the border from all input fields input {border: medium none;} i need to 'un-apply' this directive for the input fields within my component, and preferrably use the browser's default styling for inputs, as the border style for input type="text" will need be different to input type="button". how would you achieve this?

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