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  • Apache APC (Windows) Can I optimize these APC settings more?

    - by ar099968
    I would like to optimize APC some more but I am not sure where I could do something. First here is the stats after 1 week of running with the current configuration: General Cache Information APC Version 3.1.9 PHP Version 5.4.4 APC Host XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Server Software Apache Shared Memory 1 Segment(s) with 128.0 MBytes (IPC shared memory, Windows Slim RWLOCK (native) locking) Start Time 2014/06/08 05:00:00 Uptime 6 days, 11 hours and 55 minutes File Upload Support 1 Host Status Diagrams Memory Usage Free: 99.7 MBytes (77.9%) Used: 28.3 MBytes (22.1%) Hits & Misses Hits: 510818 (99.9%) Misses: 608 (0.1%) Detailed Memory Usage and Fragmentation Fragmentation: 0.60% (609.8 KBytes out of 99.7 MBytes in 83 fragments) File Cache Information Cached Files 693 ( 35.4 MBytes) Hits 5143359 Misses 1087 Request Rate (hits, misses) 13.24 cache requests/second Hit Rate 13.24 cache requests/second Miss Rate 0.00 cache requests/second Insert Rate 0.01 cache requests/second Cache full count 0 User Cache Information Cached Variables 0 ( 0.0 Bytes) Hits 0 Misses 0 Request Rate (hits, misses) 0.00 cache requests/second Hit Rate 0.00 cache requests/second Miss Rate 0.00 cache requests/second Insert Rate 0.00 cache requests/second Cache full count 0 Runtime Settings apc.cache_by_default 1 apc.canonicalize 1 apc.coredump_unmap 0 apc.enable_cli 0 apc.enabled 1 apc.file_md5 0 apc.file_update_protection 2 apc.filters -/apc.php$, -/apc_clean.php$, -.tpl.cache.php$, -.tpl.php$, -.string.cache.php$, -.string.php$ apc.gc_ttl 3600 apc.include_once_override 0 apc.lazy_classes 0 apc.lazy_functions 0 apc.max_file_size 2M apc.num_files_hint 7000 apc.preload_path apc.report_autofilter 0 apc.rfc1867 0 apc.rfc1867_freq 0 apc.rfc1867_name APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS apc.rfc1867_prefix upload_ apc.rfc1867_ttl 3600 apc.serializer default apc.shm_segments 1 apc.shm_size 128M apc.shm_strings_buffer 4M apc.slam_defense 0 apc.stat 1 apc.stat_ctime 0 apc.ttl 7200 apc.use_request_time 1 apc.user_entries_hint 4096 apc.user_ttl 7200 apc.write_lock 1

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  • Issue with javascript array object

    - by ezhil
    I have the below JSON response. I am using $.getJSON method to loads JSON data and using callback function to do some manipulation by checking whether it is array as below. { "r": [{ "IsDefault": false, "re": { "Name": "Depo" }, "Valid": "Oct8, 2013", "Clg": [{ "Name": "james", "Rate": 0.05 }, { "Name": "Jack", "Rate": 0.55 }, { "Name": "Mcd", "Rate": 0.01, }], }, { "IsDefault": false, "re": { "Name": "Depo" }, "Valid": "Oct8, 2013", "Clg": [{ "Name": "james", "Rate": 0.05 }, { "Name": "Jack", "Rate": 0.55 }, { "Name": "Mcd", "Rate": 0.01, }], }, { "IsDefault": false, "re": { "Name": "Depo" }, "Valid": "Oct8, 2013", "Clg": [{ "Name": "james", "Rate": 0.05 }, { "Name": "Jack", "Rate": 0.55 }, { "Name": "Mcd", "Rate": 0.01, }], }] } I am passing the json responses on both loadFromJson1 and loadFromJson2 function as "input" as parameter as below. var tablesResult = loadFromJson1(resultstest.r[0].Clg); loadFromJson1 = function (input) { if (_.isArray(input)) { alert("loadFromJson1: Inside array function"); var collection = new CompeCollection(); _.each(input, function (modelData) { collection.add(loadFromJson1(modelData)); }); return collection; } return new CompeModel({ compeRates: loadFromJson2(input), compName: input.Name }); }; loadFromJson2 = function (input) // here is the problem, the 'input' is not an array object so it is not going to IF condition of the isArray method. { if (_.isArray(input)) { alert("loadFromJson2: Inside array function"); //alert is not coming here though it is an array var rcollect = new rateCollection(); _.each(input, function (modelData) { rcollect.add(modelData); }); return rcollect; } }; The above code i am passing json responses for both loadFromJson1 and loadFromJson2 function as "input". isArray is getting true on only loadFromJson1 function and giving alert inside the if condition but not coming in loadFromJson2 function though i am passing the same parameter. can anyone tell me why loadFromJson2 function is not getting the alert inside if condition though i pass array object?

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  • Upload using python script takes very long on one laptop as compared to another

    - by Engr Am
    I have a python 2.7 code which uses STORBINARY function for uploading files to an ftp server and RETRBINARY for downloading from this server. However, the issue is the upload is taking a very long time on three laptops from different brands as compared to a Dell laptop. The strange part is when I manually upload any file, it takes the same time on all the systems. The manual upload rate and upload rate with the python script is the same on the Dell Laptop. However, on every other brand of laptop (I have tried with IBM, Toshiba, Fujitsu-Siemens) the python script has a very low upload rate than the manual attempt. Also, on all these other laptops, the upload rate using the python script is the same (1Mbit/s) while the manual upload rate is approx. 8 Mbit/s. I have tried to vary the filesize for the upload to no avail. TCP Optimizer improved the download rate on all the systems but had no effect on the upload rate. Download rate using this script on all the systems is fine and same as the manual download rate. I have checked the server and it has more than 90% free space. The network connection is the same for all the laptops, and I try uploading only with one laptop at a time. All the laptops have almost the same system configurations, same operating system and approximately the same free drive space. If anything the Dell laptop is a little less in terms of processing power and RAM than 2 of the others, but I suppose this has no effect as I have checked many times to see how much was the CPU usage and network usage during these uploads and downloads, and I am sure that no other virus or program has been eating up my bandwidth. Here is the code ('ftp' and 'file_path' are inputs to the function): path,filename=os.path.split(file_path) filesize=os.path.getsize(file_path) deffilesize=(filesize/1024)/1024 f = open(file_path, "rb") upstart = time.clock() print ftp.storbinary("STOR "+filename, f) upende = time.clock()-upstart outname="Upload " f.close() return upende, deffilesize, outname

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  • Javascript and Twitter API rate limitation? (Changing variable values in a loop)

    - by Pablo
    Hello, I have adapted an script from an example of http://github.com/remy/twitterlib. It´s a script that makes one query each 10 seconds to my Twitter timeline, to get only the messages that begin with a musical notation. It´s already working, but I don´t know it is the better way to do this... The Twitter API has a rate limit of 150 IP access per hour (queries from the same user). At this time, my Twitter API is blocked at 25 minutes because the 10 seconds frecuency between posts. If I set up a frecuency of 25 seconds between post, I am below the rate limit per hour, but the first 10 posts are shown so slowly. I think this way I can guarantee to be below the Twitter API rate limit and show the first 10 posts at normal speed: For the first 10 posts, I would like to set a frecuency of 5 seconds between queries. For the rest of the posts, I would like to set a frecuency of 25 seconds between queries. I think if making somewhere in the code a loop with the previous sentences, setting the "frecuency" value from 5000 to 25000 after the 10th query (or after 50 seconds, it´s the same), that´s it... Can you help me on modify this code below to make it work? Thank you in advance. var Queue = function (delay, callback) { var q = [], timer = null, processed = {}, empty = null, ignoreRT = twitterlib.filter.format('-"RT @"'); function process() { var item = null; if (q.length) { callback(q.shift()); } else { this.stop(); setTimeout(empty, 5000); } return this; } return { push: function (item) { var green = [], i; if (!(item instanceof Array)) { item = [item]; } if (timer == null && q.length == 0) { this.start(); } for (i = 0; i < item.length; i++) { if (!processed[item[i].id] && twitterlib.filter.match(item[i], ignoreRT)) { processed[item[i].id] = true; q.push(item[i]); } } q = q.sort(function (a, b) { return a.id > b.id; }); return this; }, start: function () { if (timer == null) { timer = setInterval(process, delay); } return this; }, stop: function () { clearInterval(timer); timer = null; return this; }, empty: function (fn) { empty = fn; return this; }, q: q, next: process }; }; $.extend($.expr[':'], { below: function (a, i, m) { var y = m[3]; return $(a).offset().top y; } }); function renderTweet(data) { var html = ''; html += ''; html += twitterlib.ify.clean(data.text); html += ''; since_id = data.id; return html; } function passToQueue(data) { if (data.length) { twitterQueue.push(data.reverse()); } } var frecuency = 10000; // The lapse between each new Queue var since_id = 1; var run = function () { twitterlib .timeline('twitteruser', { filter : "'?'", limit: 10 }, passToQueue) }; var twitterQueue = new Queue(frecuency, function (item) { var tweet = $(renderTweet(item)); var tweetClone = tweet.clone().hide().css({ visibility: 'hidden' }).prependTo('#tweets').slideDown(1000); tweet.css({ top: -200, position: 'absolute' }).prependTo('#tweets').animate({ top: 0 }, 1000, function () { tweetClone.css({ visibility: 'visible' }); $(this).remove(); }); $('#tweets p:below(' + window.innerHeight + ')').remove(); }).empty(run); run();

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  • Will this increase my Virtual private Server failing rate ?

    - by Spencer Lim
    Will this increase my Virtual private Server failing rate if i :- install Microsoft Window Server 2008 Enterprise install SQL server enterprise 2008 install IIS 7.5 install ASP.Net Mvc 2 install Microsoft Exchange << should live inside MWS2008 ? or standalone without OS? install Team foundation server << should live inside MWS2008 ? or standalone without OS? on one mini VPS with specification of DELL Poweredge R710 shared plan DDR3 ECC RAMs 16GB and -- 1GB for this VPS using DELL PERC 6i raid controller (this thing alone about 1.5k-2k) and the SAS HDD (15K RPM) (146GB) -- 33GB to this VPS each hdd is freaking fast over 300MB read / write possible with proper tuning the motherboard is a DELL and it has twin redundant PSU (870watt 85%eff) its running on Intel Xeon 5502 (Quad Core) x2 so about 8 physical proc (fairly share) is there any ruler to measure for this about one VPS can only install what what what service ? because of my resource is limited =.@ may i know if it is install in this way,maybe it seem like defeat the way of "VPS"... what will happen ? or any guideline on this issue (fully configuring the window server 2008 R2) ? Thx for reply

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  • Change smtp name

    - by Misterb
    Hello, My question is probably very easy to answer but I have been struggling with this the whole day. Actually, I would like to change my smtp.mail name and account that is shown as sending the emails in the header. I changed the "From" but it shows only in the "visible" part of the email and there are values that are different in the header. In this example : Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 67.221.174.127 as permitted sender) client-ip=67.221.174.127; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 67.221.174.127 as permitted sender) [email protected]; dkim=pass (test mode) [email protected] [email protected] account=bounce Thank you in advance!

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  • Converting LINQ to Twitter to Twitter API v1.1

    - by Joe Mayo
    Twitter recently updated their API to v1.1 (Current status: API v1.1). Naturally, LINQ to Twitter  needed to be updated too. This blog post outlines the changes made to LINQ to Twitter during this conversion and highlights important features that LINQ to Twitter developers will want to know. Overall Impact Generally speaking, Twitter API v1.1 is semantically very much the same as it’s predecessor. The base URL changed and so did a few resource segments, but the resources themselves are still intact. The good news is that LINQ to Twitter has always shielded the developer from this plumbing, so the entities, types, and filters didn’t change much at all.  The following sections describe what did  change. Authentication In Twitter API v1.0 authentication was not required for some resources, such as user timelines and search. However, that’s all changed because *all* queries must be authenticated in Twitter API v1.1. LINQ to Twitter has various types of authorizers you can use, supporting whatever OAuth options are available via Twitter.  You can see the LINQ to Twitter documentation, Securing Your Applications, for more info on OAuth support. The New Search One of the larger changes to the API was Search. To be more specific, the Search entity now contains a List<Status>, named Statuses, to hold results.  Additionally, any meta-data associated with the search is now in a property named SearchMetaData. The change to the Search entity and responses is the big change, but the good news is that your Search query syntax doesn’t change. Different Rate Limits The issue of rate limits itself is contentious, but this discussion is focused on the coding experience and I’ll leave the politics to those who prefer to engage in that activity. What’s important here is that both headers and resources have changed. You should review Twitter’s Rate Limit documentation to understand what the changes mean.  A quick explanation is that rate limits are applied individually to each resource in 15 minute time intervals. In LINQ to Twitter these changes surface on the Help entity, via HelpType.RateLimits. The RateLimits query has a Resources filter where you can specify a comma-separated list of categories to return rate limit info for.  The results materialize in the RateLimits dictionary, keyed on category. The Help entity also has a RateLimitsAuthorizationContext, holding the Access Token for the user performing queries – and to whom the rate limits apply. In addition to the new RateLimits query, there are new RateLimit headers that appear in the query response, whose HTTP header name is of the form X-Rate-Limit… which is different from the previous header name. LINQ to Twitter surfaces these headers via the existing properties of the TwitterContext instance. For anyone who retrieved rate limit information via the Headers property of TwitterContext, you should be aware of the new header names.  I haven’t done anything with Feature rate limit properties yet, but they appear to no longer be available – this will require more follow-up. Error Handling Twitter API v1.1 has a new format for Error Codes & Responses. LINQ to Twitter wraps these messages in the TwitterQueryException, which has been updated appropriately. The Message property of TwitterQueryException now reflects the Twitter error message, when available. There’s also a new ErrorCode that’s populated with the message error code. Parameters Most parameters stayed the same, but one of interest is Include Entities (different from LINQ to Twitter data object entities). Entities are metadata hanging off tweets, that provide start/end position in the tweet and other information for mentions, urls, hash tags, and media. Entities used to not be included unless you specified you wanted them. Now, in v1.1, entities are included by default for all APIs that return a Status.  If you were always setting IncludeEntities to true, then you won’t see a change. However, be aware that you’ll now be receiving additional data in your response from Twitter, which will explain a sudden increase in bandwidth utilization. This might or might not  matter to you  depending on the requirements of your application, but you should be aware of it. Everything Else There might be small changes here and there that I haven’t mentioned, but these were the ones you should be most aware of.  Streams didn’t change, but Twitter will be deprecating username/password authentication on public streams, in favor of OAuth, so you’ll be seeing me make that change some time in the future.  Also, Twitter will continue to evolve the API and you can expect that LINQ to Twitter will change accordingly. Summary The big changes to Twitter API were Authentication, Search, Rate Limits, and Error Handling. All API calls must be authenticated. You’ll need to change your code to read Search results differently, but the query is much the same as you use now. There’s a new RateLimits API, one of the Help queries.  Also, the new error messages are integrated into TwitterQueryException. Besides these changes, I expect  most others to be small or affect a smaller percentage of developers.  You can get the latest version of LINQ to Twitter from NuGet or visit the LINQ to Twitter download page at CodePlex.com.   @JoeMayo

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  • Breakout ball collision detection, bouncing against the walls

    - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati
    I'm currently trying to program a breakout game to distribute it as an example game for my own game engine. http://game-engine-for-java.googlecode.com/ But the problem here is that I can't get the bouncing condition working properly. Here's what I'm using. public void collision(GObject other){ if (other instanceof Bat || other instanceof Block){ bounce(); } else if (other instanceof Stone){ other.destroy(); bounce(); } //Breakout.HIT.play(); } And here's by bounce() method public void bounce(){ boolean left = false; boolean right = false; boolean up = false; boolean down = false; if (dx < 0) { left = true; } else if (dx > 0) { right = true; } if (dy < 0) { up = true; } else if (dy > 0) { down = true; } if (left && up) { dx = -dx; } if (left && down) { dy = -dy; } if (right && up) { dx = -dx; } if (right && down) { dy = -dy; } } The ball bounces the bat and blocks but when the block is on top of the ball, it won't bounce and moves upwards out of the game. What I'm missing? Is there anything to implement? Please help me.. Thanks

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  • Moving two objects proportionally

    - by SSL
    I'm trying to move two objects away from each other at a proportional distance, but on different scales. I'm not quite sure how to do this. Object A can go from position 0.1 to 1. Object B has no limits. If object B is decreasing, then Object A should be decreasing at rate R. Likewise, if Object B is increasing, then Object A increases at rate R. How can I tie these two Object positions together so that in an update loop, they automatically update their positions? I tried using: ObjA.Pos += 0.001f * ObjB.VelocityY; //0.001f is the rate This works but there's an error each time it runs. ObjA starts off at its max position 1 but then the next time it will stop at 0.97, 0.94, 0.91 etc.. This is due to the 0.001f rate I put in. Is there a way to control the rate, yet not end up with the rounding error?

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  • are projects with high developer turn over rate really a bad thing?

    - by John
    I've inherited a lot of web projects that experienced high developer turn over rates. Sometimes these web projects are a horrible patchwork of band aid solutions. Other times they can be somewhat maintainable mozaics of half-done features each built with a different architectural style. Everytime I inherit these projects, I wish the previous developers could explain to me why things got so bad. What puzzles me is the reaction of the owners (either a manager, a middle man company, or a client). They seem to think, "Well, if you leave, I'll just find another developer." Or they think, "Oh, it costs that much money to refactor the system? I know another developer who can do it at half the price. I'll hire him if I can't afford you." I'm guessing that the high developer turn over rate is related to the owner's mentality of "If you think it's a bad idea to build this, I'll just find another (possibly cheaper) developer to do what I want". For the owners, the approach seems to work because their business is thriving. Unfortunately, it's no fun for the developers that go AWOL 3-4 months after working with poor code, strict timelines, and little feedback. So my question is the following: Are the following symptoms of a project really such a bad thing for business? high developer turn over rate poorly built technology - often a patchwork of different and inappropriately used architectural styles owners without a clear roadmap for their web project, and they request features on a whim I've seen numerous businesses prosper while experiencing the symptoms above. So as a programmer, even though my instincts tell me the above points are terrible, I'm forced to take a step back and ask, "are things really that bad in the grand scheme of things?" If not, I will re-evaluate my approach to these projects.

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  • How to rate-limit concurrent sessions with nginx or haproxy?

    - by bantic
    I'm currently using nginx to reverse-proxy requests from web clients that are doing long-polling to an upstream. Since we're doing long polling (as opposed to websockets), when a client connects it will make multiple http connections to the server in serial, re-establishing a connection every time the server sends it some data (or timing out and re-establishing if the server has nothing to say for 10 seconds). What I'd like to do is limit the number of concurrent web clients. Since the clients are constantly making new HTTP requests instead of keeping a single request open, it's a little tricky to count the total number of web clients (because it's not the same as total number of concurrently connected http clients). The method I've come up with is to track http requests by the originating IP address, and store the IP address somewhere with a TTL of 20 seconds. If a request comes in whose IP isn't recognized, then we check the total number of unexpired stored IP addresses; if that's less than the maximum then we allow this request through. And if a request comes in with an IP address that we can find in the look-up table that hasn't yet expired, then it is allowed through as well. All requests that are allowed through have their IPs added to the table (if not there before) and the TTL refreshed to 20 seconds again. I had actually whipped something together that worked correctly this way using nginx along with the Redis 2.0 Nginx Module (and the nginx lua module to simplify the conditional branching), using redis to store my IP addresses with a TTL (the SETEX command), and checking the table size with the DBSIZE command. This worked but the performance was horrible. nginx and redis ended up using lots of cpu and the machine could only handle a very small number of concurrent requests. The new stick-table and tracking counters that were added to Haproxy in version 1.5 (via a commission from serverfault) seem like they might be ideal to implement exactly this sort of rate limiting, because the stick-table can track IP addresses and automatically expire entries. However, I don't see an easy way to get a total count of the unexpired entries in the stick table, which would be necessary to know the number of connected web clients. I'm curious if anyone has any suggestions, for nginx or haproxy or even for something else not mentioned here that I haven't thought of yet.

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  • Bsplayer - load audio tracks from external files

    - by torran
    I have a movie file: Video ID : 1 Format : AVC Format/Info : Advanced Video Codec Format profile : [email protected] Format settings, CABAC : Yes Format settings, ReFrames : 5 frames Muxing mode : Container [email protected] Codec ID : V_MPEG4/ISO/AVC Duration : 54mn 13s Bit rate : 3 380 Kbps Nominal bit rate : 3 459 Kbps Width : 1 280 pixels Height : 720 pixels Display aspect ratio : 16:9 Frame rate : 23.976 fps Resolution : 8 bits Colorimetry : 4:2:0 Scan type : Progressive Bits/(Pixel*Frame) : 0.153 Stream size : 1.28 GiB (88%) Writing library : x264 core 88 r1471 1144615 Audio ID : 2 Format : AC-3 Format/Info : Audio Coding 3 Codec ID : A_AC3 Duration : 54mn 16s Bit rate mode : Constant Bit rate : 384 Kbps Channel(s) : 6 channels Channel positions : Front: L C R, Side: L R, LFE Sampling rate : 48.0 KHz Stream size : 149 MiB (10%) and additional audio files in same folder: .mp3 and .ac3. How can I load them with bsplayer? Right click-audio-audio streams is empty. If i open the movie with media players classic I can switch audio files.

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  • exchange server 2010 with multiple domains

    - by air
    i have one exchange server 2010, which is working fine with one domain. my exchange is working as follows pop3 collector collect emails from one master catchall account and then deliver to exchange server, this working perfect. now what i want to add another domain to same exchange, i have added new domain as trusted domain & email policy and this new domain email account works fine with internal emails. now what i have done, i again forward new email account to same catchall account. but if i send email from any other external email address email is bounce, i can see email receive by pop3 collector but bounce by exchange server. to make you more clear let me explain logic on which i am working. i have 2 domains 1. domain1.com ([email protected]) 2. domain2.com ([email protected] -->[email protected]) now on my machine with exchange server i have pop3 collector which collect all emails from [email protected] and forward to exchange 2010 server. all emails to domain1.com is working perfect but when i send email to [email protected] this email redirect to [email protected] perfectly but when exchanger server receive this email, it bounce. i have also study the url link text and follow the whole process but no success. i also check that my DNS/MX is working fine as the bounce message is going from my exchange server. EDIT the only problem is with accepted domain, as email come to exchange server then bounce back. i just try this today i create one user called test, then i goto his properties -- email there was only one email account [email protected] i try to send email to [email protected] from internet (email bounce) then again i go to test user properties -- email and Add one email [email protected] again u try to send email to t*[email protected]* from internet (email received) i think the only problem is with accepted domain but in hub transport , it shows accepted is there any way to check does domain is properly accepted or not in exchange 2010 server. Thanks

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  • Opening Skype, Opera, OpenOffice logs me off

    - by anjanesh
    Whats common among Skype, Opera, OpenOffice in Ubuntu ? Whenever I open these applications I get logged off and shows back me the login screen. This started happening since the 10.10 upgrade. Forgot to mention : Yes, its x64.Each time I open these applications, the UI shows and then crashes. I started each app & logged the last few lines of /var/log/syslog after each crash. Looks like something to do with sound drivers ? Opera :Jan 8 09:33:20 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11532]: pid.c: Daemon already running. Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_avail_delay() returned strange values: delay 0 is less than avail 8. Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Most likely this is a bug in the ALSA driver 'snd_hda_intel'. Please report this issue to the ALSA developers. Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_dump(): Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Soft volume PCM Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Control: PCM Playback Volume Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: min_dB: -51 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: max_dB: 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: resolution: 256 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Slave: Hardware PCM card 0 'HDA Intel' device 0 subdevice 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: appl_ptr : 87320 Jan 8 09:33:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[11429]: alsa-util.c: hw_ptr : 87320 Jan 8 09:33:22 al-ubuntu kernel: [ 4962.078306] opera[11036]: segfault at 261 ip 0000000000000261 sp 00007fffed7cd9a8 error 14 in opera[400000+122b000] anjanesh@al-ubuntu:~$ SkypeJan 8 09:40:21 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12602]: pid.c: Daemon already running. Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_avail_delay() returned strange values: delay 0 is less than avail 8. Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Most likely this is a bug in the ALSA driver 'snd_hda_intel'. Please report this issue to the ALSA developers. Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_dump(): Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Soft volume PCM Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Control: PCM Playback Volume Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: min_dB: -51 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: max_dB: 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: resolution: 256 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Slave: Hardware PCM card 0 'HDA Intel' device 0 subdevice 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: appl_ptr : 87312 Jan 8 09:40:23 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[12485]: alsa-util.c: hw_ptr : 87312 anjanesh@al-ubuntu:~$ Open OfficeJan 8 09:43:46 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13157]: pid.c: Daemon already running. Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_avail_delay() returned strange values: delay 0 is less than avail 16. Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Most likely this is a bug in the ALSA driver 'snd_hda_intel'. Please report this issue to the ALSA developers. Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: snd_pcm_dump(): Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Soft volume PCM Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Control: PCM Playback Volume Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: min_dB: -51 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: max_dB: 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: resolution: 256 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Slave: Hardware PCM card 0 'HDA Intel' device 0 subdevice 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: Its setup is: Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stream : CAPTURE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: format : S16_LE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: subformat : STD Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: channels : 2 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: rate : 44100 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: exact rate : 44100 (44100/1) Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: msbits : 16 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: buffer_size : 88192 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_size : 44096 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_time : 999909 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: tstamp_mode : ENABLE Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_step : 1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: avail_min : 87310 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: period_event : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: start_threshold : -1 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: stop_threshold : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_threshold: 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: silence_size : 0 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: boundary : 6205960286516543488 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: appl_ptr : 87320 Jan 8 09:43:48 al-ubuntu pulseaudio[13064]: alsa-util.c: hw_ptr : 87320 anjanesh@al-ubuntu:~$

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  • Convert mkv to mp4 with ffmpeg

    - by JohnS
    When I try converting mkv to mp4 using ffmpeg, the following error occurs: [ipod @ 0x16fa0a0] Application provided invalid, non monotonically increasing dts to muxer in stream 0: -2 = -2 av_interleaved_write_frame(): Invalid argument I used this command to convert the file: ffmpeg -i input.mkv -vcodec copy -acodec copy -absf aac_adtstoasc output.m4v The input file has the following characteristics: mediainfo input.mkv General Unique ID : 200459305952356554213392832683163418790 (0x96CF0ED8DB5914CBB9E18163689280A6) Complete name : input.mkv Format : Matroska Format version : Version 2 File size : 1.46 GiB Duration : 1h 5mn Overall bit rate : 3 168 Kbps Encoded date : UTC 2010-09-26 21:44:02 Writing application : mkvmerge v2.9.5 ('Tu es le seul') built on Jun 17 2009 16:28:30 Writing library : libebml v0.7.8 + libmatroska v0.8.1 Video ID : 1 Format : AVC Format/Info : Advanced Video Codec Format profile : [email protected] Format settings, CABAC : Yes Format settings, ReFrames : 4 frames Codec ID : V_MPEG4/ISO/AVC Duration : 1h 5mn Bit rate : 2 910 Kbps Width : 1 280 pixels Height : 720 pixels Display aspect ratio : 16:9 Frame rate : 25.000 fps Color space : YUV Chroma subsampling : 4:2:0 Bit depth : 8 bits Scan type : Progressive Bits/(Pixel*Frame) : 0.126 Stream size : 1.31 GiB (90%) Writing library : x264 core 105 r1724 b02df7b Encoding settings : cabac=1 / ref=3 / deblock=1:0:0 / analyse=0x3:0x113 / me=hex / subme=6 / psy=1 / psy_rd=1.00:0.00 / mixed_ref=0 / me_range=16 / chroma_me=1 / trellis=1 / 8x8dct=1 / cqm=0 / deadzone=21,11 / fast_pskip=0 / chroma_qp_offset=-2 / threads=18 / sliced_threads=0 / nr=0 / decimate=1 / interlaced=0 / constrained_intra=0 / bframes=3 / b_pyramid=2 / b_adapt=1 / b_bias=0 / direct=3 / weightb=1 / open_gop=0 / weightp=0 / keyint=250 / keyint_min=25 / scenecut=40 / intra_refresh=0 / rc=2pass / mbtree=0 / bitrate=2910 / ratetol=1.0 / qcomp=0.60 / qpmin=10 / qpmax=51 / qpstep=4 / cplxblur=20.0 / qblur=0.5 / ip_ratio=1.40 / pb_ratio=1.30 / aq=1:1.00 Default : Yes Forced : No Audio ID : 2 Format : AC-3 Format/Info : Audio Coding 3 Mode extension : CM (complete main) Codec ID : A_AC3 Duration : 1h 5mn Bit rate mode : Constant Bit rate : 256 Kbps Channel(s) : 2 channels Channel positions : Front: L R Sampling rate : 48.0 KHz Bit depth : 16 bits Compression mode : Lossy Stream size : 121 MiB (8%) Language : English Default : Yes Forced : No Being new to ffmpeg, I'm not sure what the error means or how to correct it. Thanks!

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 connected to wireless network but internet not working

    - by A.J.
    I can connect to my house's wireless network just fine, but when I'm connected I can't browse the web. Firefox starts connecting to a site and then just poops out. This doesn't happen on my roommates' computers (running Windows) or on our 3DSes, so I know it's just my laptop. I already tried sudo dhclient -r sudo dhclient sudo ifconfig eth0 down sudo ifconfig eth0 up Results of a few commands I was asked to run in comments: ping -c 2 4.2.2.2 PING 4.2.2.2 (4.2.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 4.2.2.2 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1007ms ping -c 2 google.com PING google.com (173.194.33.38) 56(84) bytes of data. --- google.com ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1006ms nm-tool NetworkManager Tool State: connected (global) - Device: eth0 ----------------------------------------------------------------- Type: Wired Driver: atl1c State: unavailable Default: no HW Address: 88:AE:1D:6B:4E:E7 Capabilities: Carrier Detect: yes Speed: 100 Mb/s Wired Properties Carrier: off - Device: wlan0 [JUSTICE] ----------------------------------------------------- Type: 802.11 WiFi Driver: ath9k State: connected Default: yes HW Address: 1C:65:9D:65:C6:31 Capabilities: Speed: 1 Mb/s Wireless Properties WEP Encryption: yes WPA Encryption: yes WPA2 Encryption: yes Wireless Access Points (* = current AP) HOME-9B18: Infra, 00:26:F3:53:9B:18, Freq 2412 MHz, Rate 54 Mb/s, Strength 34 WPA WPA2 cougdad48 Network: Infra, 60:33:4B:E4:C4:5D, Freq 2437 MHz, Rate 54 Mb/s, Strength 22 WPA2 cougdad48 Guest Network: Infra, 66:33:4B:E4:C4:5D, Freq 2437 MHz, Rate 54 Mb/s, Strength 20 WPA2 belkin.ade: Infra, 94:44:52:FF:8A:DE, Freq 2457 MHz, Rate 54 Mb/s, Strength 20 WPA WPA2 *JUSTICE: Infra, 00:24:01:7B:9F:7E, Freq 2462 MHz, Rate 54 Mb/s, Strength 88 WEP CenturyLink: Infra, B2:B2:DC:8E:E2:58, Freq 2462 MHz, Rate 54 Mb/s, Strength 17 WPA WPA2 IPv4 Settings: Address: 192.168.0.11 Prefix: 24 (255.255.255.0) Gateway: 192.168.0.1 DNS: 192.168.0.1 (JUSTICE is my home's network.) ping -c 2 198.168.0.1 PING 198.168.0.1 (198.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 198.168.0.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1007ms

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  • Solving Big Problems with Oracle R Enterprise, Part I

    - by dbayard
    Abstract: This blog post will show how we used Oracle R Enterprise to tackle a customer’s big calculation problem across a big data set. Overview: Databases are great for managing large amounts of data in a central place with rigorous enterprise-level controls.  R is great for doing advanced computations.  Sometimes you need to do advanced computations on large amounts of data, subject to rigorous enterprise-level concerns.  This blog post shows how Oracle R Enterprise enables R plus the Oracle Database enabled us to do some pretty sophisticated calculations across 1 million accounts (each with many detailed records) in minutes. The problem: A financial services customer of mine has a need to calculate the historical internal rate of return (IRR) for its customers’ portfolios.  This information is needed for customer statements and the online web application.  In the past, they had solved this with a home-grown application that pulled trade and account data out of their data warehouse and ran the calculations.  But this home-grown application was not able to do this fast enough, plus it was a challenge for them to write and maintain the code that did the IRR calculation. IRR – a problem that R is good at solving: Internal Rate of Return is an interesting calculation in that in most real-world scenarios it is impractical to calculate exactly.  Rather, IRR is a calculation where approximation techniques need to be used.  In this blog post, we will discuss calculating the “money weighted rate of return” but in the actual customer proof of concept we used R to calculate both money weighted rate of returns and time weighted rate of returns.  You can learn more about the money weighted rate of returns here: http://www.wikinvest.com/wiki/Money-weighted_return First Steps- Calculating IRR in R We will start with calculating the IRR in standalone/desktop R.  In our second post, we will show how to take this desktop R function, deploy it to an Oracle Database, and make it work at real-world scale.  The first step we did was to get some sample data.  For a historical IRR calculation, you have a balances and cash flows.  In our case, the customer provided us with several accounts worth of sample data in Microsoft Excel.      The above figure shows part of the spreadsheet of sample data.  The data provides balances and cash flows for a sample account (BMV=beginning market value. FLOW=cash flow in/out of account. EMV=ending market value). Once we had the sample spreadsheet, the next step we did was to read the Excel data into R.  This is something that R does well.  R offers multiple ways to work with spreadsheet data.  For instance, one could save the spreadsheet as a .csv file.  In our case, the customer provided a spreadsheet file containing multiple sheets where each sheet provided data for a different sample account.  To handle this easily, we took advantage of the RODBC package which allowed us to read the Excel data sheet-by-sheet without having to create individual .csv files.  We wrote ourselves a little helper function called getsheet() around the RODBC package.  Then we loaded all of the sample accounts into a data.frame called SimpleMWRRData. Writing the IRR function At this point, it was time to write the money weighted rate of return (MWRR) function itself.  The definition of MWRR is easily found on the internet or if you are old school you can look in an investment performance text book.  In the customer proof, we based our calculations off the ones defined in the The Handbook of Investment Performance: A User’s Guide by David Spaulding since this is the reference book used by the customer.  (One of the nice things we found during the course of this proof-of-concept is that by using R to write our IRR functions we could easily incorporate the specific variations and business rules of the customer into the calculation.) The key thing with calculating IRR is the need to solve a complex equation with a numerical approximation technique.  For IRR, you need to find the value of the rate of return (r) that sets the Net Present Value of all the flows in and out of the account to zero.  With R, we solve this by defining our NPV function: where bmv is the beginning market value, cf is a vector of cash flows, t is a vector of time (relative to the beginning), emv is the ending market value, and tend is the ending time. Since solving for r is a one-dimensional optimization problem, we decided to take advantage of R’s optimize method (http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/optimize.html). The optimize method can be used to find a minimum or maximum; to find the value of r where our npv function is closest to zero, we wrapped our npv function inside the abs function and asked optimize to find the minimum.  Here is an example of using optimize: where low and high are scalars that indicate the range to search for an answer.   To test this out, we need to set values for bmv, cf, t, emv, tend, low, and high.  We will set low and high to some reasonable defaults. For example, this account had a negative 2.2% money weighted rate of return. Enhancing and Packaging the IRR function With numerical approximation methods like optimize, sometimes you will not be able to find an answer with your initial set of inputs.  To account for this, our approach was to first try to find an answer for r within a narrow range, then if we did not find an answer, try calling optimize() again with a broader range.  See the R help page on optimize()  for more details about the search range and its algorithm. At this point, we can now write a simplified version of our MWRR function.  (Our real-world version is  more sophisticated in that it calculates rate of returns for 5 different time periods [since inception, last quarter, year-to-date, last year, year before last year] in a single invocation.  In our actual customer proof, we also defined time-weighted rate of return calculations.  The beauty of R is that it was very easy to add these enhancements and additional calculations to our IRR package.)To simplify code deployment, we then created a new package of our IRR functions and sample data.  For this blog post, we only need to include our SimpleMWRR function and our SimpleMWRRData sample data.  We created the shell of the package by calling: To turn this package skeleton into something usable, at a minimum you need to edit the SimpleMWRR.Rd and SimpleMWRRData.Rd files in the \man subdirectory.  In those files, you need to at least provide a value for the “title” section. Once that is done, you can change directory to the IRR directory and type at the command-line: The myIRR package for this blog post (which has both SimpleMWRR source and SimpleMWRRData sample data) is downloadable from here: myIRR package Testing the myIRR package Here is an example of testing our IRR function once it was converted to an installable package: Calculating IRR for All the Accounts So far, we have shown how to calculate IRR for a single account.  The real-world issue is how do you calculate IRR for all of the accounts?This is the kind of situation where we can leverage the “Split-Apply-Combine” approach (see http://www.cscs.umich.edu/~crshalizi/weblog/815.html).  Given that our sample data can fit in memory, one easy approach is to use R’s “by” function.  (Other approaches to Split-Apply-Combine such as plyr can also be used.  See http://4dpiecharts.com/2011/12/16/a-quick-primer-on-split-apply-combine-problems/). Here is an example showing the use of “by” to calculate the money weighted rate of return for each account in our sample data set.  Recap and Next Steps At this point, you’ve seen the power of R being used to calculate IRR.  There were several good things: R could easily work with the spreadsheets of sample data we were given R’s optimize() function provided a nice way to solve for IRR- it was both fast and allowed us to avoid having to code our own iterative approximation algorithm R was a convenient language to express the customer-specific variations, business-rules, and exceptions that often occur in real-world calculations- these could be easily added to our IRR functions The Split-Apply-Combine technique can be used to perform calculations of IRR for multiple accounts at once. However, there are several challenges yet to be conquered at this point in our story: The actual data that needs to be used lives in a database, not in a spreadsheet The actual data is much, much bigger- too big to fit into the normal R memory space and too big to want to move across the network The overall process needs to run fast- much faster than a single processor The actual data needs to be kept secured- another reason to not want to move it from the database and across the network And the process of calculating the IRR needs to be integrated together with other database ETL activities, so that IRR’s can be calculated as part of the data warehouse refresh processes In our next blog post in this series, we will show you how Oracle R Enterprise solved these challenges.

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  • How does the Twitter rate limit API work with multiple accounts?

    - by dfrankow
    I know there's a Rest API to check the Twitter rate limit. To summarize policy: 150 for an IP, and 150 per non-whitelisted account except for searches (which are IP only). However, my app is using Twython, authenticated, but the limit seems to decrease for both my accounts as I use it. Example: No authentication: $ wget http://api.twitter.com/1/account/rate_limit_status.xml -O - <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <hash> <hourly-limit type="integer">150</hourly-limit> <reset-time-in-seconds type="integer">1266968961</reset-time-in-seconds> <reset-time type="datetime">2010-02-23T23:49:21+00:00</reset-time> <remaining-hits type="integer">134</remaining-hits> </hash> Authentication with account #1: $ wget --user b... --password=youwish http://api.twitter.com/1/account/rate_limit_status.xml -O - <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <hash> <reset-time-in-seconds type="integer">1266968961</reset-time-in-seconds> <reset-time type="datetime">2010-02-23T23:49:21+00:00</reset-time> <remaining-hits type="integer">134</remaining-hits> <hourly-limit type="integer">150</hourly-limit> </hash> Authentication with account #2: $ wget --user d... --password=youwish http://api.twitter.com/1/account/rate_limit_status.xml -O - <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <hash> <reset-time type="datetime">2010-02-23T23:49:21+00:00</reset-time> <remaining-hits type="integer">134</remaining-hits> <hourly-limit type="integer">150</hourly-limit> <reset-time-in-seconds type="integer">1266968961</reset-time-in-seconds> </hash> You see how both accounts seem to have exactly the same rate limit info (134/150)? I only used one account in my app, so why do both accounts show decrease?

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  • Making a python script run at a set rate.

    - by Matt1024
    How can I make a python loop run at a set rate regardless of how long it takes to execute commands in the loop (providing the commands take less time to run than the loop is allowed)? How can I make this run every 0.25 seconds, for example? while True: print("OK")

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  • select query related problem

    - by user222585
    i have interest rate and amount in a table where interest rate are ranged in different values like 4.5,4.6,5.2,5.6 etc. i want to get sum of amounts classified by interest rate where interest rate will be separated by .25. for example all amount having interest rate 1.25,1.3,1.4 will be in one group and 1.5,1.67,1.9 will be in another group how can i write the query?

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  • Why is my class worse than the hierarchy of classes in the book (beginner OOP)?

    - by aditya menon
    I am reading this book. The author is trying to model a lesson in a college. The goal is to output the Lesson Type (Lecture or Seminar), and the Charges for the lesson depending on whether it is a hourly or fixed price lesson. So the output should be: lesson charge 20. Charge type: hourly rate. lesson type seminar. lesson charge 30. Charge type: fixed rate. lesson type lecture. When the input is as follows: $lessons[] = new Lesson('hourly rate', 4, 'seminar'); $lessons[] = new Lesson('fixed rate', null, 'lecture'); I wrote this: class Lesson { private $chargeType; private $duration; private $lessonType; public function __construct($chargeType, $duration, $lessonType) { $this->chargeType = $chargeType; $this->duration = $duration; $this->lessonType = $lessonType; } public function getChargeType() { return $this->getChargeType; } public function getLessonType() { return $this->getLessonType; } public function cost() { if($this->chargeType == 'fixed rate') { return "30"; } else { return $this->duration * 5; } } } $lessons[] = new Lesson('hourly rate', 4, 'seminar'); $lessons[] = new Lesson('fixed rate', null, 'lecture'); foreach($lessons as $lesson) { print "lesson charge {$lesson->cost()}."; print " Charge type: {$lesson->getChargeType()}."; print " lesson type {$lesson->getLessonType()}."; print "<br />"; } But according to the book, I am wrong (I am pretty sure I am, too). The author gave a large hierarchy of classes as the solution instead. In a previous chapter, the author stated the following 'four signposts' as the time when I should consider changing my class structure: Code Duplication The Class Who Knew Too Much About His Context The Jack of All Trades - Classes that try to do many things Conditional Statements The only problem I can see is Conditional Statements, and that too in a vague manner - so why refactor this? What problems do you think might arise in the future that I have not foreseen?

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  • What is the cheapest non-colocation way to serve about 10 static files at a rate of 100 megabits per

    - by Mark Maunder
    I've looked at Amazon S3 and it costs roughly $4746 per month for 100 megabits/s (which translates into 31,640 Gigabytes of data transferred. That's at a rate of $0.15 per gig.) I haven't found a cheaper "cloud" option. I'm curious if there's any other cloud hosting option out there cheaper than S3. Uptime is not an issue because I can build failover for most things into the browser. e.g. I can use javascript to say "if the image didn't load then go to this other URL instead." FYI I'm currently using a colocation facility which is about 30% cheaper than S3 and I'm familiar with colo prices - so this question is really about "cloud" services and by that I mean services where I don't have to worry about the infrastructure.

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