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  • Language construct naming: Function/Goto

    - by sub
    How is a language construct with the following properties called? It has a beginning and an end, just like a function It has a header containing it's name, also like a function but without arguments There can be any number of statements between its beginning and end, like a function You can use a function to jump to its beginning from anywhere (even itself) and it will execute the statements contained in it until it reaches its end You can use a function to immediately stop the execution of its contents and jump back where it was called from The code it contains is in the same scope as everything else, so you can access all variables outside and create new ones which aren't deleted upon leaving the construct. All in all it is like a goto point with an end and the option to return where it was called from.

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  • Best language to develop medical software

    - by Grace
    I need to write medical program to manage medical practices (patient records, appointments, prescription, etc). Note that this is not for US practices so US EMRs will not work. What is the best platform to develop the software in ie. language and database? Considerations include: - Integration with the web - will need to have Doctors download updates to the software from the web. Will also post reports from the software unto webpages - The software will include a mobile application - probably for Blackberry - Cost is a big factor - need to minimize the license cost to the users - Need tight security on the program

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  • How to Identify the website's content language

    - by Ajay
    I am developing a website to crawl the other website content in ASP.NET . I am able to get the content correctly but how can I identify which language is used based on that content. I used following code. HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(TextBox1.Text ); request.UserAgent = "A .NET Web Crawler"; WebResponse response = request.GetResponse(); Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream); string htmlText = reader.ReadToEnd();

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  • what's the name of this language that description another language syntax?

    - by Boolean
    for example: <SELECT statement> ::= [WITH <common_table_expression> [,...n]] <query_expression> [ ORDER BY { order_by_expression | column_position [ ASC | DESC ] } [ ,...n ] ] [ COMPUTE { { AVG | COUNT | MAX | MIN | SUM } ( expression ) } [ ,...n ] [ BY expression [ ,...n ] ] ] [ <FOR Clause>] [ OPTION ( <query_hint> [ ,...n ] ) ] <query_expression> ::= { <query_specification> | ( <query_expression> ) } [ { UNION [ ALL ] | EXCEPT | INTERSECT } <query_specification> | ( <query_expression> ) [...n ] ] <query_specification> ::= SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT ] [TOP expression [PERCENT] [ WITH TIES ] ] < select_list > [ INTO new_table ] [ FROM { <table_source> } [ ,...n ] ] [ WHERE <search_condition> ] [ <GROUP BY> ] [ HAVING < search_condition > ] whats the language called?

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  • How to test Language DLLs?

    - by EKI
    Our application offer the user to display different languages if they have the approppriate Language DLL (say German.DLL, French.DLL, even Chinese.DLL). We have functional test to verify that those DLLs enable the right options in a Combobox and that choosing them will actually translate strings in the UI. I would like to know options to test this translation dll's more in depth, maybe ensuring that all the characters in the selected langauge (and in the file) can be correctly displayed, or that the internal structure of the DLL is consistent, there are no strings exceeding the limits that are expected of them, etc... Any suggestions on what to test and how to test it? Does anyone know specific problems that may arise and we should check? Thanks in advance.

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  • which language to use for building web application?

    - by harshit
    Hi I already have experience in developing websites using java technologies ... Now i have a task to develop another website and i have the liberty to select technology to built. I dont want to built using Java/J2ee standard technology as i want to learn new language. The specification about website i can give is that: 1) its a real estate based site. 2) so it will have a db of real estate data around million records 3) website will have more than 1000 hits /day and will have various functionality like search, add , delete,generate reports etc. So i mean UI should be good and fast. Technologies i have in mind .NEt( i have already worked on it but it licensed so may not go for it) , Groovy, Ruby on rails ,Play, GWT etc ... I am a college student and the website is again of a student(non techie guy) so i have 5-6 mnths to bring the website up I have read about them but all have adv and disadv but would like to hear from people who have used it and can tell me what they felt about the languages and problems while developing it.. Please feel free to drop any opinion you feel . Thanks

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  • Natural language grammar and user-entered names

    - by Owen Blacker
    Some languages, particularly Slavic languages, change the endings of people's names according to the grammatical context. (For those of you who know grammar or studied languages that do this to words, such as German or Russian, and to help with search keywords, I'm talking about noun declension.) This is probably easiest with a set of examples (in Polish, to save the whole different-alphabet problem): Dorothy saw the cat — Dorota zobaczyla kota The cat saw Dorothy — Kot zobaczyl Dorote It is Dorothy’s cat — To jest kot Doroty I gave the cat to Dorothy — Dalam kota Dorotie I went for a walk with Dorothy — Poszlam na spacer z Dorota “Hello, Dorothy!” — “Witam, Doroto!” Now, if, in these examples, the name here were to be user-entered, that introduces a world of grammar nightmares. Importantly, if I went for Katie (Kasia), the examples are not directly comparable — 3 and 4 are both Kasi, rather than *Kasy and *Kasie — and male names will be wholly different again. I'm guessing someone has dealt with this situation before, but my Google-fu appears to be weak today. I can find a lot of links about natural-language processing, but I don'think that's quite what I want. To be clear: I'm only ever gonna have one user-entered name per user and I'm gonna need to decline them into known configurations — I'll have a localised text that will have placeholders something like {name nominative} and {name dative}, for the sake of argument. I really don't want to have to do lexical analysis of text to work stuff out, I'll only ever need to decline that one user-entered name. Anyone have any recommendations on how to do this, or do I need to start calling round localisation agencies ;o) Further reading (all on Wikipedia) for the interested: Declension Grammatical case Declension in Polish Declension in Russian Declension in Czech nouns and pronouns Disclaimer: I know this happens in many other languages; highlighting Slavic languages is merely because I have a project that is going to be localised into some Slavic languages.

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  • HTML Lang ISO Code

    - by jsmoove88
    I have a multi-language site for English and Chinese (Hong Kong). My previous setting for Chinese Hong Kong (zh-hk) had: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr" lang="zh-hk" xml:lang="zh-hk"> Shortly, I began to notice browser with other Chinese language sub-codes like zh-tw and zh-cn were seeing my English site in search engines instead of Chinese Hong Kong (zh-hk), which makes sense. I want to change my html lang to: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr" lang="zh" xml:lang="zh"> Would this cover all Chinese language settings? Also, would Google prefer to show pages that match language subcodes of the browser/country (zh-hk for Hong Kong, zh-cn for Taiwan) than a general language code (zh)?

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  • Learning functional programming [closed]

    - by Oni
    This question is similar to Choosing a functional programming language. I want to learn functional programming but I am having troubles choosing the right programming language. At the university I studied Haskell for 2 months, so I have a basic idea of what a functional language is. I have read a lot that functional programming change your way of think. I started to take a look to Clojure, which I like for several reasons(code as data, JVM, etc). What stops me from continue learning Clojure is that it is not a pure functional language and I am afraid of ending up using imperative/OO style. Should I learn Haskell or keep on learning Clojure? Thanks in advance P.D: I am open to any other language.

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  • Personal Project - Next practical language/tech to learn

    - by Paul Nathan
    I'm working on a personal project doing some finance analysis. It's a totally new field for me, and I'm really having fun with it so far, plus working in the high-level language arena is a great break from my embedded systems daytime work. I have a MySQL backend on a non-local server with a pile of stock data. My task now is to do some analysis of the stocks and produce something approximating a useful result. There are a couple technical difficulties. (1) I have a lot of records. To be precise, I believe I'm near 100K records right now, and this number grows by 6.1K each weekday. I need to create a way to rummage through these fields and do data analysis - based on a given computation, go look at this other set. Fine and dandy, nothing too outre. But this means I could really use a straightforward API for talking to MySQL. (2) Ideally, it runs on OS X 10.4.11. No Windows/Linux machine at home. (3) I can use PHP, C++, Perl, etc. I even have an R installation. I'm pretty flexible with stuff, so long as it runs on OS X. (Lots of options here, pick water, H20, or dihydrogen monoxide ;-) ) (4)Lack of hassle. While I like clever and fun ways of doing things, I'm trying to get some analysis done, not spend ten hours doing installation work and scratching my head figuring out a theoretical syntax question needed to spout out "hello world". What's the question? I'd like to dig into something different than my usual PHP/C++/C toolset. I'm looking for recommendations for languages/technologies that will assist me and meet the above requirements. In particular, I've heard a lot of buzz about F# and Python on SO. I've used CLISP for small problems before, and kinda liked it. I'm seeking opinions about those in particular. edit:since I rent the DB server and have a limited amount of CPU time online, I'm trying to do the analysis on a local machine.

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  • What are five things you hate about your favorite language?

    - by brian d foy
    There's been a cluster of Perl-hate on Stackoverflow lately, so I thought I'd bring my "Five things you hate about your favorite language" question to StackOverflow. Take your favorite language and tell me five things you hate about it. Those might be things that just annoy you, admitted design flaws, recognized performance problems, or any other category. You just have to hate it, and it has to be your favorite language. Don't compare it to another language, and don't talk about languages that you already hate. Don't talk about the things you like in your favorite language. I just want to hear the things that you hate but tolerate so you can use all of the other stuff, and I want to hear it about the language you wished other people would use. I ask this whenever someone tries to push their favorite language on me, and sometimes as an interview question. If someone can't find five things to hate about his favorite tool, he don't know it well enough to either advocate it or pull in the big dollars using it. He hasn't used it in enough different situations to fully explore it. He's advocating it as a culture or religion, which means that if I don't choose his favorite technology, I'm wrong. I don't care that much which language you use. Don't want to use a particular language? Then don't. You go through due diligence to make an informed choice and still don't use it? Fine. Sometimes the right answer is "You have a strong programming team with good practices and a lot of experience in Bar. Changing to Foo would be stupid." This is a good question for code reviews too. People who really know a codebase will have all sorts of suggestions for it, and those who don't know it so well have non-specific complaints. I ask things like "If you could start over on this project, what would you do differently?" In this fantasy land, users and programmers get to complain about anything and everything they don't like. "I want a better interface", "I want to separate the model from the view", "I'd use this module instead of this other one", "I'd rename this set of methods", or whatever they really don't like about the current situation. That's how I get a handle on how much a particular developer knows about the codebase. It's also a clue about how much of the programmer's ego is tied up in what he's telling me. Hate isn't the only dimension of figuring out how much people know, but I've found it to be a pretty good one. The things that they hate also give me a clue how well they are thinking about the subject.

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  • List of Lua derived VMs and Languages

    - by Shane Holloway
    Is there a compendium of virtual machines and languages derived or inspired by Lua? By derived, I mean usage beyond embedding and extending with modules. I'm wanting to research the Lua technology tree, and am looking for our combined knowledge of what already exists. Current List: Bright - A C-like Lua Derivative http://bluedino.net/luapix/Bright.pdf Agena - An Algol68/SQL like Lua Derivative http://agena.sourceforge.net/ LuaJIT - A (very impressive) JIT for Lua http://luajit.org MetaLua - An ML-style language extension http://metalua.luaforge.net/

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  • Is it worth it to learn an esoteric programming language?

    - by Thomas Owens
    Wikipedia: An esoteric programming language (sometimes shortened to esolang) is a programming language designed as a test of the boundaries of computer programming language design, as a proof of concept, or as a joke. There is usually no intention of the language being adopted for real-world programming. Such languages are often popular among hackers and hobbyists. This use of esoteric is meant to distinguish these languages from more popular programming languages. Some more popular languages may appear esoteric (in the usual sense of the word) to some, and though these could arguably be called "esoteric programming languages" too, this is not what is meant. I think it might be worth it, just to learn a new language and go through the process, although only if you don't have anything else to do (like a real project or learning a new real language). But what does the community think? Is there some value in these languages?

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  • Need a fast programming language that can drive two printers

    - by Pete
    I have a rather unusual application that isn't working the way I need, and I hope someone here will have some suggestions or at least a direction to investigate. We have a museum exhibit that has a computer at the entrance driving two small receipt printers. There are two buttons on a console, wired to the left and right buttons of a disemboweled mouse. The two printers and associated buttons are for girls and boys, each button does a random selection from a database of names and prints a small ticket on the appropriate printer with a graphic image, a few words about the exhibit and the randomly chosen name. Conceptually all is well, but it hangs quite often. I got the project at the last minute, because the original designer got bogged down and couldn't deliver, so the exhibit's author asked me the day before opening, whether I could write something that would work. I did it in Word, since I am an experienced VBA programmer. Several other avenues I attempted first all lead to dead ends - one couldn't do graphics, another couldn't handle two printers, yet another couldn't change fonts and so on. The problem is that it simply isn't fast enough - Word can only drive one printer at a time and changing the active printer takes a long time. Not by office standards, where a second or two of delay before a printer starts working on your document is not an issue, but here I need more or less instant response. If kids press a button and nothing happens, they press it over and over until something does happen, resulting in maybe half a dozen commands being sent before the printer starts reacting. Sometimes it jams the program completely, since boys and girls will be pressing the two buttons simultaneously and Word locks up, and even when it doesn't jam, the printers then spit out a stream of tickets, making a mess. The kids start squabbling over which ticket is whose, pulling them out of the printers, snarling the paper tape, jamming the printer and generally making a mess of the whole affair, often necessitating the exhibit caretakers having to restart the computer and clear torn bits of paper out the printers. What I need is some sort of fast programming language that can drive two printers *-simultaneously-*, not the MSOffice claptrap of having to switch the active printer, that can react to both left and right mouse button click events, can print a small graphic image and can print in different font sizes and styles and. I don't need many, but it's not all in one typeface. Can anyone suggest what I might use for this? I don't even know if it's possible at all under Windows, whether the "single active printer" garbage is an Office artifact, or a Windows restriction. My little Commodore-64 twenty-five years ago had two printers attached to it and drove both simultaneously with no difficulties - it doesn't seem to me it should be such an impossible requirement today.

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  • Switch gettext translated language with original language

    - by Ruben
    Hi everyone, I started my PHP application with all text in German, then used gettext to extract all strings and translate them to English. So, now I have a .po file with all msgids in German and msgstrs in English. I want to switch them, so that my source code contains the English as msgids. There are numerous reasons for this: More translators will know English, so it is only appropriate to serve them up a file with msgids in English. I could always switch the file before I give it out and after I receive it It would help me to write English object & function names and comments if the content text was also English. I'd like to do that, so the project is more open to other Open Source collaborators (more likely to know English than German). I could do this manually and this is the sort of task where I anticipate it will take me more time to write an automated routine for it (because I'm very bad with shell scripts) than do it by hand. But I also anticipate despising every minute of manual computer labour (feels like a oxymoron, right?) like I always do. Has someone done this before? I figured this would be a common problem, but couldn't find anything. Many thanks ahead. Sample Problem: <title><?=_('Routinen')?></title> #: /users/ruben/sites/v/routinen.php:43 msgid "Routinen" msgstr "Routines"

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  • Writing a mini-language with haskell, trouble with "while" statements and blocks { }

    - by Nibirue
    EDIT: problem partially solved, skip to the bottom for update. I'm writing a small language using haskell, and I've made a lot of progress, but I am having trouble implementing statements that use blocks, like "{ ... }". I've implemented support for If statements like so in my parser file: stmt = skip +++ ifstmt +++ assignment +++ whilestmt ifstmt = symbol "if" >> parens expr >>= \c -> stmt >>= \t -> symbol "else" >> stmt >>= \e -> return $ If c t e whilestmt = symbol "while" >> parens expr >>= \c -> symbol "\n" >> symbol "{" >> stmt >>= \t -> symbol "}" >> return $ While c t expr = composite +++ atomic And in the Syntax file: class PP a where pp :: Int -> a -> String instance PP Stmt where pp ind (If c t e) = indent ind ++ "if (" ++ show c ++ ") \n" ++ pp (ind + 2) t ++ indent ind ++ "else\n" ++ pp (ind + 2) e pp ind (While c t) = indent ind ++ "while (" ++ show c ++") \n" ++ "{" ++ pp (ind + 2) t ++ "}" ++ indent ind Something is wrong with the while statement, and I don't understand what. The logic seems correct, but when I run the code I get the following error: EDIT: Fixed the first problem based on the first reply, now it is not recognizing my while statment which I assume comes from this: exec :: Env -> Stmt -> Env exec env (If c t e) = exec env ( if eval env c == BoolLit True then t else e ) exec env (While c t) = exec env ( if eval env c == BoolLit True then t ) The file being read from looks like this: x = 1; c = 0; if (x < 2) c = c + 1; else ; -- SEPARATE FILES FOR EACH x = 1; c = 1; while (x < 10) { c = c * x; x = x + 1; } c I've tried to understand the error report but nothing I've tried solves the problem.

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  • Are There Any Other Web Programming Languages That Can Be Used Without A Framework Aside From PHP?

    - by Ygam
    Python needs a framework, so does Java (for the web). I don't know much about Ruby or Coldfusion. But is there another language out there for the web that can stand alone as it is without a need for a framework or without strict adherence to a design pattern (MVC and the likes) aside from PHP? BTW, the statement that Python and Java needs a framework to work with the web came purely from my readings on articles and books; I might be mistaken.

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  • Yii urlManager language in URL

    - by TaMeR
    I am trying to add a language to the url with following syntax: http://www.example.com/en/site/page/view/about What I have so far works with short urls like: http://www.example.com/en/site/contact but not with long once as in my first example Here is what I have so far: /config/main.php 'urlManager'=>array( 'class'=>'application.components.MyCUrlManager', 'urlFormat'=>'path', 'showScriptName'=>false, 'rules'=>array( '<language:\w+>/<controller:\w+>/<id:\d+>'=>'<controller>/view', '<language:\w+>/<controller:\w+>/<action:\w+>/<id:\d+>'=>'<controller>/<action>', '<language:\w+>/<controller:\w+>/<action:\w+>'=>'<controller>/<action>', ), ), <?php // components/MyCUrlManager.php class MyCUrlManager extends CUrlManager { public function createUrl($route,$params=array(),$ampersand='&') { if(isset($_POST['_lang'])){ Yii::app()->language = $_POST['_lang']; }elseif (!isset($route['language']) && $controller != 'srbac'){ $route['language']=Yii::app()->language; }else{ Yii::app()->language = $route['language']; } return parent::createUrl($route, $params, $ampersand); } } ?> class Controller extends CController: { /// ..... function init() { parent::init(); if (isset($_POST['_lang'])) { Yii::app()->setLanguage($_POST['_lang']); Yii::app()->session['_lang'] = Yii::app()->language; }elseif (isset(Yii::app()->session['_lang'])) { Yii::app()->setLanguage(Yii::app()->session['_lang']); } } } class LangBox extends CWidget { public function run() { $currentLang = Yii::app()->language; require_once 'Zend/Locale.php'; $locale = new Zend_Locale(); //$siteLanguages = $this->getLang(); $siteLanguages = array('en','de','tr'); foreach($siteLanguages as $value){ $list[$value] = $locale->getTranslation($value, 'Language', $value); } asort($list); $this->render('langBox', array('currentLang' => $currentLang, 'list'=>$list)); } }

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  • ASP-style tags for Perl web development?

    - by Alex R
    I feel like I'm traveling 10 years back in time by asking this, but... Are there any modules, patches, or any "new" version of Perl (released in the last 10 years) to enable writing web-oriented Perl scripts using ASP-style tags? e.g. from ASP/JSP some html <% some code %> more HTML e.g. from PHP some html <? some code ?> more HTML Please don't worry about "why" I'm asking this... It's related to programming language research.

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  • Design a GUI browser to view a tree

    - by iamrohitbanga
    I have a large tree. I want to be able to visualize it using a GUI tool. I want the ability to pan and zoom the tree image so that i can focus on part of the tree. Is there an existing tool to achieve this? If not i would like to write a small tool for myself to be able to do this. what is the simplest way of doing this? what computer language should i use? the image should look something like http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Binary_tree.png I should be able to zoom and pan the image.

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  • Interesting or unique types encountered?

    - by user318904
    What is the most strange or unique type you have seen in a programming language? I was thinking the other day about a "random variable", ie whenever it is evaluated it yields a random value from some domain. It would require some runtime trickery. Also I bet there can be some interesting mapping of regular expressions into a type system. It does not necessarily have to be a built in or primitive type, but some random class that implements a domain specific type won't really be interesting just unique.

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  • Add Keyboard Input Language to Ubuntu

    - by Matthew Guay
    Want to type in multiple languages in Ubuntu?  Here we’ll show you how you can easily add and switch between multiple keyboard layouts in Ubuntu. Add a Keyboard Language To add a keyboard language, open the System menu, select Preferences, and then select Keyboard. In the Keyboard Preferences dialog, select the Layouts tab, and click Add.   You can select a country and then choose an language and keyboard variant.  Note that some countries, such as the United States, may show several languages.  Once you’ve made your selection, you can preview it on the sample keyboard displayed below the menu. Alternately, on the second tab, select a language and then choose a variant.  Click Add when you’ve made your selection. Now you’ll notice that there are two languages listed in the Keyboard Preferences, and they’re both ready to use immediately.  You can add more if you wish, or close the dialog. Switch Between Languages When you have multiple input languages installed, you’ll notice a new icon in your system tray on the top right.  It will show the abbreviation of the country and/or language name that is currently selected.  Click the icon to change the language. Right-click the dialog to view available languages (listed under Groups), open the Keyboard Preferences dialog again, or show the current layout. If you select Show Current Layout you’ll see a window with the keyboard preview we saw previously when setting the keyboard layout.  You can even print this layout preview out to help you remember a layout if you wish. Change Keyboard Shortcuts to Switch Languages By default, you can switch input languages in Ubuntu from the keyboard by pressing both Alt keys together.  Many users are already used to the default Alt+Switch combination to switch input languages in Windows, and we can add that in Ubuntu.  Open the keyboard preferences dialog, select the Layout tab, and click Options. Click the plus sign beside Key(s) to change layout, and select Alt+Shift.  Click Close, and you can now use this familiar shortcut to switch input languages. The layout options dialog offers many more neat keyboard shortcuts and options.  One especially neat option was the option to use a keyboard led to show when we’re using the alternate keyboard layout.  We selected the ScrollLock light since it’s hardly used today, and now it lights up when we’re using our other input language.   Conclusion Whether you regularly type in multiple languages or only need to enter an occasional character from an alternate keyboard layout, Ubuntu’s keyboard settings make it easy to make your keyboard work the way you want.  And since you can even preview and print a keyboard layout, you can even remember an alternate keyboard’s layout if it’s not printed on your keyboard. Windows users, you’re not left behind, either.  Check out our tutorial on how to Add keyboard languages to XP, Vista, and Windows 7. Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Add keyboard languages to XP, Vista, and Windows 7Assign a Hotkey to Open a Terminal Window in UbuntuWhat is ctfmon.exe And Why Is It Running?Keyboard Shortcuts for VMware WorkstationInput Director Controls Multiple Windows Machines with One Keyboard and Mouse TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips VMware Workstation 7 Acronis Online Backup DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro MELTUP – "The Beginning Of US Currency Crisis And Hyperinflation" Enable or Disable the Task Manager Using TaskMgrED Explorer++ is a Worthy Windows Explorer Alternative Error Goblin Explains Windows Error Codes Twelve must-have Google Chrome plugins Cool Looking Skins for Windows Media Player 12

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