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• KVM Hosting: How to efficiently replicate guests

  - by javano

  I have three KVM servers each with 1 guest VM, running directly on it's local storage, (so they are essentially getting a dedicated box worth of computing power each). In the event of a host failure I would like the guests replicated to at least one of the other hosts so I can spin it up there, until the failing host is fixed. I am curious about KVM cloning. I can clone a VM live or when it's suspended/shutdown. Obivously suspended VMs will naturally be quicker to clone but these three VMs comprise three parts of a single solution, so I don't want to ever have any one of them shutdown. How can I efficiently clone these VMs between servers? I have had a couple of ideas, but are these insane or, is there a better method I have missed for my scenario? Set up a DRDB partition between box 1 and 2 where VM 1 runs from, and so is replicated between box1 and box 2, repeat between box 2 & 3, and box 3 & 1 (This could be insane, I have never used DRDB only read about it) Just use standard KVM CLI clone options to perform live clones (I'm dubious about this because I don't know how long it will take and what the performance impact will be during) Run a copy of each VM on at least one other host, and have the guest on one host export it's data to the matching guest on another host where it can import that data, scripting this on the guest) Some of other way? Ideas welcome! Side Note These servers have 4x15k SAS drives in a RAID 10 so they aren't rocketing fast, and as I mentioned, each VM runs from the host's local storage, no NAS or SAN etc. So that is why I am asking this question about guest replication. Also, this isn't about disaster recovery. Guests will be exporting their data to a NAS over a VPN, so I am looking at how I can have them quickly spun up in a host failure situation.

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• Ubuntu Server VM: copy paste?

  - by bukzor

  I've installed Ubuntu Server under Virtualbox just to get a nice little shell. I've also installed the VirtualBox "Guest Additions" and set "Shared Clipboard: Bidirectional". I still can't seem to get any copy-paste working. Am I missing something here? I've installed gpm which gives mouse support in server mode (no X), and allows copy-paste using the mouse, but still the VirtualBox integration doesn't work.

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• Why doesn't Windows XP show "Total Size" and "Free Space" for USB flash disks?

  - by Mehper C. Palavuzlar

  When I double click on My Computer, I can immediately see the Total size and Free space for internal and external HDDs, and inserted CD/DVD media, but in the same columns I cannot see these values for any USB flash drives. They are just empty. To see, I have to right click on USB drive letter, and select Properties. Is there a trick to make Windows XP display USB drive's Total size and Free space in My Computer window?

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• Identify an instance of Google Chrome by PID

  - by Laramie

  While working I generally need around 40 windows open at a time and run 100-200 processes. When memory constraints become an issue, I start picking off the processes that are the most resource intensive and disposable. Often these are chrome.exe. It would be helpful to be able to match a particularly memory-hungry instance of chrome to it's PID so I can selectively close it. That is, if I knew what the page title it is currently open to, I could choose whether it lives or dies. I've tried Process Explorer to no avail. Any ideas?

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• Find largest directories/files recursively

  - by Robert Munteanu

  I'm looking for a script/program which will display the top x largest directories/files and then descend into those folders and display the x largest directories/files for a configurable depth. 231MB bin - 220MB ls - 190MB dir - 15MB def - 3MB lpr - 10MB asd - 1MB link How can I do that?

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• Dead-simple USB-based Windows partition cloner?

  - by OverTheRainbow

  Clonezilla is a fine open-source tool, but it requires going through several screens. Since I need to save/restore the same Windows partition, I was wondering if someone knew of a tool (open-source or not) that is easier to use and boots off a USB keydrive. Ideally, it'll save the two commands to save/restore a partition, so I just need to boot the host from the USB key, choose the command, and it'll take care of business. Are there solutions that look like this? Thank you. Edit: Here's one among other articles that shows how to tell CZ to run a script to avoid the multiple screens.

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• Can't start Windows 7 after cloning HDD

  - by Paul

  Brief description: cloned HDD1 - HDD2 HDD1 partition 1 boots HDD1 partition 2 boots HDD2 partition 1 boots HDD2 partition 2 doesn't boot Windows, but is bootable in general Now verbosely: In all the cases computer is the same. I have two Windows 7 installations on HDD1 - both are booting fine. I choose between them using standard Windows 7 boot loader menu. Technically there are 4 partitions: 100 MB Boot loader partition (active), Windows 7 copy 1 (25 GB), Windows 7 copy 2 (150 GB) and Working partition. All are primary. In past few days I tried to clone the whole HDD1 to HDD2 of the same size (but 2,5 inch form factor) as is using Minitool Partition wizard. Everything has been copied, all files are accessible, no faults in file system structure, even boot loader wasn't damaged and I hadn't to repair it. But I can boot only first installation of Windows 7 (it boots without issues). When I choose the second installation, I get immediately a completely black screen without any texts, cursors and other data. HDD isn't accessed after that. This black screen is sensitive to Ctrl-Alt-Delete which causes computer reboot. I did some experimenting: Installed Windows 7 to that partition - it booted fine. Then I renamed "Windows" to "Windows.old" and copied Windows directory from HDD1 as it was, using Far Manager, and got the same troubles - black screen. (Of course I performed renaming and copying from other copy of Windows). So, it seems that problems are inside this installation of Windows, somewhere in its files.

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• DOS application to allow remote management of files over serial link

  - by tomlogic

  Harken back to the days of DOS. I have an embedded DOS handheld device, and I'm looking for a tool to manage the files stored on it. I picture an application I can launch on the device that opens COM1 up for commands to get a directory listing, send/receive files via x/y/zmodem, move/delete files, and create/move/delete directories. A Windows application can then download a recursive file listing and then manage those files (for example, synchronizing with a local directory). Keep in mind that this is DOS -- 8.3 filenames, 640K of RAM and a 19200bps serial link (yuk!). I'd prefer something with source in case we need to add additional features (for example, the ability to get a checksum of a file for change detection). Now that I've written this description, I realize I'm asking for something like LapLink or pcAnywhere. Norton no longer sells DOS versions of pcAnywhere and LapLink V for DOS seems pricy at $50. Are you aware of any similar apps from those good old days?

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• How can I detect hard drive failures?

  - by Francis

  I am in charge of a large number of Windows servers. Recently, many have been reporting hard drive errors with event codes 11 and 55. CHKDSK indicates that the drives are fine most of the time. What other diagnostic tools could I use to more accurately detect hard drive failures? Could these Windows events be false positives? I have already evaluated S.M.A.R.T., and it seems to have significant sensitivity and specificity issues.

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• How to resize a ubuntu partition to make more room for windows

  - by Jeremy

  My laptop has Windows 7 and Ubuntu 13.10 installed alongside each other. My laptop has two 225GB hard drives. I give Ubuntu 133.65GB and I give Windows 87.76GB on the same hard drive (C). My problem now is that Windows is almost out of space but Ubuntu is only using a few GB of the 133.65GB that I gave it. I want to reduce Ubuntu's partition size and give that space to increase Windows partition size. Is that any program that can to do this?

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• Can't find partition tab in disk utility osX ver. 10.6.8

  - by John W

  I just got a used Mac Book Pro. I created a new admin account and deleted the old one as well as one other user. This is an older late 2007 MBP... the osX upgrade to 10.6.8 was just performed. My Macintosh HD is showing up as Partition 2. I ran disk utility (not from install disk), but there was no partition tab. I have a 160GB drive with only 53GB of space left on it. Since I am the only user and have no files on the laptop yet, I don't understand why there is so little space left. Surely the OS can't use up over 100GB. I wanted to run disk utility to see if there were any recovery partitions or other partition left over from the previous owner that could be erased to make room for expanding the main partition. Unfortunately, there is no partition tab in disk utility. The documentation I have found on line states that this version of osX includes that utility. The osX disks I have are for an older version so I wasn't sure if they would be of any use in solving this problem. Also, I was afraid if using the disks, would I lose the little bit of data/apps that I have assembled. I would rather not do a fresh install and have to do all the updates again to achieve this. The previous owner had some apps that I don't want to lose as I would have to pay handsomely to get them back. Simply, if all the previous users data is backed up on here after deleting user is still taking up space on a recovery partition (that I can't see)... I need to locate it erase it and expand the primary partition to re-aquire disk space for my files. I am new to Mac, so please be as descriptive as possible. Thanks.

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• VM using a secondary graphic card

  - by Arthur

  Hi everyone, at the moment i have a dual monitor setup on my main PCIe gfx card. I know that on windows it is almost impossible to have a second card (eg no thrills PCI card) running without having an SLI motherboard because of a driver issue. Well this was my conclusion after many weeks of research. I was thinking...is it possible to use a VM in order to utilize the secondary card as the default video output to feed another monitor? let me know if you want me to clarify Thanks :)

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• Need to reformat SQL Cluster Disk. How do I recover my SQL installation?

  - by I.T. Support

  We need to reformat the SQL cluster disk in our SQL cluster. The drive contains the shared installation files for SQL as well as databases. My concern is how SQL/The Cluster will react to after we wipe the disk resource. Questions: Is there a defined procedure for this? How should we backup and restore the disk? After the reformat, how do we get the clustered SQL server back online? Thanks

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• Using Hamachi VPN to connect to Linux VM at home

  - by Cameron Verotti

  I have a CentOS 5.10 Linux box at home running on VMWare, with Windows 2008 as the host. I have set up a Hamachi VPN so that I can connect to the Host server from work, I attempted to add a second VNIC to the VM and bridged it to the hamachi Network Interface. I spun up the VM and checked eth1 with ifconfig and its throwing me a ipv6 address not a ipv4. I want to hook this VM up so that I can run a ssh command from work to the VM. MY network at home is all on Local 198.168.. hence the need to make a VPN network like Hamachi. I cannot seem to find anything that tells me or helps me with tunneling my Linux VM via Hamachi. Any help would be fantastic!

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• How to install Gitlab in a VM on a production server?

  - by Michaël Perrin

  I have a production server running Ubuntu 12.04 and I would like to install on it a VM with Gitlab (using Vagrant and Virtualbox). Let's say that the address to access Gitlab is gitlab.mydomain.com . The DNS zone has been configured to point to the IP address of the server. I want users to be able to access to Gitlab (either for pushing to a repository, or for accessing to the web interface) from the outside. The VM has been configured to have an IP address. It means that when browsing http://gitlab.mydomain.com for instance, the request has to be forwarded to the VM on the server, ie. to the VM IP address. What are the ways to configure this? Can Apache be used as a proxy? In this case, I guess it only works for HTTP requests, but not for pushing to a Git repository on the VM.

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• Why can't a PC with 2 network cards be accessed by hostname?

  - by lewis

  I set up PC with 2 network cards, connected to the same LAN. I can connect to this PC (e.g. by remote desktop) only via ip-addresses. Accessing by hostname does not work. Why is this the case? UPDATE: Full environment 1. PC with 2 hardware network adapters. 2. On this PC installed VMWare Workstation. Created 3 VM's, networked by "bridged" network setting in VMWare. 3. In LAN all ip-addresses given from DHCP. 4. Win2k8 on all hosts (both physical and vitrual). As result: 1. PC has 2 ip-address (e.g. 192.168.1.71 and 192.168.1.72). PC available in LAN by ip-addreses, but not avail by hostname. 2. VM's has own ip-addr on each (e.g. 192.168.1.73, *74, *75 etc). They are available from LAN by their ip's, BUT not by their hostnames. How can I access to PC and to VM's by hostname?

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• Vmware Fusion 5 Port Forwarding

  - by Snap Shot

  I have a service (a node.js express app) running on port 3000 in a CentOS 6.3 guest that I would like to access in a web browser on my Mac Mountain Lion host using VMware Fusion 5 Professional. I am having trouble finding any information about how to do this. I believe I would like to forward the port but I cannot find any information about this using either the GUI or by modifying configuration files. In earlier versions it looks like you might have modified a file called nat.conf but that does not seem to apply to Fusion 5. Has anyone successfully done this? Thank you.

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• Trying to grok Linux quotas, where is the data stored?

  - by CarpeNoctem

  So all the tutorials and documentation for the Linux quota system has left me confused. For each filesystem with quotas enabled/on where is the actual quota information stored? Is it filesystem metadata or is it in a file? Say user foo creates a new file on /home. How does the kernel determine whether user foo is below their hard limit? Does the kernel have to tally up quota information on that filesystem each time or is it in the superblock or somewhere else? As far as I understand, the kernel consults the aquota.user file for the actual rules, but where is the current quota usage data stored? Can this be viewed with any tools outside repquota and the like? TIA!! Update: Thanks for the help. I had already read that mini-HOWTO. I am pretty clear on the usage of the user space tools. What I was unclear on is whether the usage data was ALSO in the file that stored per-user limits and you answered this with a yes. From what I can tell, rc.sysinit runs quotacheck and quotaon on startup. The quotacheck program analyzes the filesystem, updates the aquota.* files. It then makes use of quota.h and the quotactl() syscall to inform the kernel of quota info. From this point forward the kernel hashes that information and increments/decrements quota stats as changes occur. Upon shutdown, the init.d/halt script runs the quotaoff command RIGHT before the filesystems are unmounted. The quotaoff command does not appear to update the aquota.* files with the information the kernel has in memory. I say this because the {a,c,m}times for the aquota.user file are only updated upon a reboot of the system or by manual running the quotacheck command. It appears - as far as I can tell - that the kernel just drops it's up-to-date usage data on the floor at shutdown. This information is never used to update the aquota.* files. They are updated during startup by quotacheck(rc.sysinit). Seems silly to me since that updated info had already been collected by the kernel. So...in conclusion I am still not entirely clear on the methods. ;)

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• How to tell Linux to explicitly swap out main memory of a suspended process?

  - by Vi

  I run a memory-hungry process (mkcromfs) which consumes more memory than I have physical memory on my latop, so it is paging and swappin and thrashing all the time and loadavg is about 2 (compcache is already in use with usual swap partition as well), but slowly moving forward (Although I afraid it will finally try to allocate 2GB and crash draining 2 days of thrashing). When I want to use the laptop for something else, I stop the process, start X server, firefox and other programs. The problem is that when I start Firefox the loadavg jumps to 10 and the system becomes almost unresponsive at all (long time to turn on/off caps lock, slow mouse cursor position updates, slow switching from X server to Linux console, slow login). The stopped mkcromfs still holds a lot of memory (464.8 MiB and slowly falling) and moves it to swap only when more memory is needed for some other program, which results in a great slowdown. How to tell the Linux to swap out this process entirely (e.g. I'm not intending to resume it in short term), possibly waking from swap other data? Also it will be useful to be able to specify the exact swap device to swap the given process out.

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• Encrypted partitions with redundancy on ubuntu server

  - by Flamewires

  Hey I have to make a file system with an encrypted partition with on ubuntu server. something like Unencrypted: / - 10 GB /home - 10GB /var - 5GB -------------- Encrypted: /opt - 50GB This I can figure out in the setup, just partition as normal, setup /tmp as a encrypted volume with dm-crypt. However im not sure how to mirror this entire drive, so that if either failed i could still boot. and how will that affect the encrypted partition. Any help would be appreciated.

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• how do I 'hard refresh' a shared directory?

  - by jcollum

  VMWare player 4.0.1 build-528992 I added a file to a shared directory in Windows 7. When I ls -l that directory in Ubuntu 11 it looks like: (2nd line) ls: cannot access item_spec.rb: No such file or directory -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 300 2012-01-11 12:05 user_spec.rb -????????? ? ? ? ? ? item_spec.rb How can I get the folder to "refresh"? I need to use this file in Ubuntu. I think it will be present if I restart the VM, but that seems excessive. This looks like a bug. I asked this question on the VMWare forums and haven't gotten a response. Output of ls -l for parent: drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8192 2012-01-13 13:26 the_project

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• How can I know if a VM is used or not?

  - by Saariko

  I am running eSXI 4.1. In my main datastore I have plenty of folders, some of them has logical names, while the others don't, they hold BASE configurations/images of clients that I duplicate and activate. I only have a fraction of the actual clients loaded and running on the server. How can I know, but looking in the datastore folder, if the VM is in the inventory or not? If I right click on the vmx file, I can add it to the inventory - EVEN if the same client/folder is already active.

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• Accessing VMware Player across the network

  - by Tiffany Walker

  My network: 192.168.2.2 (computer) 255.255.255.0 (mask) 192.168.2.254 (gateway) The VMplayer is: 192.168.233.129 (ip) 255.255.255.0 (mask) 192.168.233.255(bcast) It's obvious the player can't be access from other systems because of the wrong network settings. However, I am not sure as to how to change that. Obviously I have to edit the ifcg-eth0 but I know I also need to edit it on the host system to make it accessably. Is this done from inside VMware Player? Or do I need to edit the network devices? The host box is Windows. Inside VMware is Linux.

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• Basic connectivity issues between Win 7 and XP mixed wired/wireless network. [Solved]

  - by Pulse

  Setup: Windows 7 x64 Ultimate desktop hard wired to Asus WL500gp router (WL500gpv2-1.9.2.7-d-r1445 firmware) Several Bridged VirtualBox VM's running XP, 7, ubuntu server 10.04, Mint 9 and SuSE 11.2 Win XP Pro SP3 notebook with D-Link Airplus wireless network card. No firewall or other security software currently running on either platform (at least for the duration of the test) Situation: Router is acting DHCP server Clients are receiving correct addresses and additional parameters Internet connectivity is available from all clients Windows 7 sharing is set to Network type = work (not home group) NetBT is disabled on all clients using smb over TCP What I can do: I can ping the router and internet addresses from the wireless XP notebook I can ping the Win 7 desktop and any VM from the XP wireless notebook I can ping all devices from the router All VM's and 7 can ping each other and the router as well as Internet addresses What I can't do: I cannot ping the XP wireless notebook from either the Win 7 desktop or the VM's; it always returns a destination host unreachable error. Tracert resolves the name or the XP notebook but also returns a destination host unreachable. From the above it would seem that something is blocking connectivity in a single direction (from the Win 7 box to the Win XP notebook) only but the router can ping the XP notebook. Some fresh input would be most welcome, as this is beginning to drive me batty. Thanks

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• Is it possible to export an OpenVZ machine and use it after OpenVZ?

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm planning to use OpenVZ in an old machine I have at home. I want to know if a dumped OpenVZ instance image can be exported to other formats (like VirtualBox or Vmware). Thanks!

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