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• Postfix cannot deliver mail to Cyrus mailbox on Ubuntu 11.10 server

  - by user105804

  I have installed and configured Postfix and Cyrus IMAP server with webcyradm according to this document - http://www.delouw.ch/linux/Postfix-Cyrus-Web-cyradm-HOWTO/html/index.html . I can access webcyradm interface, I can create new domains and new users, and I can login via IMAP after creating the user account. However, Postfix fails to deliver mail to cyrus mailboxes. Mail log contains errors shown below. Installing any IMAP server other than cyrus is not an option because it is needed by the web application. Please advise me how to make Postfix deliver email to cyrus mailboxes. The solution should not necessary include web-cyradm, but there should be a web interface for managing mail domains and mailboxes as user-friendly as possible. Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower cyrus/lmtpunix[4865]: accepted connection Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower cyrus/lmtpunix[4865]: lmtp connection preauth'd as postman Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower postfix/cleanup[4868]: 065D5240035: message-id=<[email protected]> Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower cyrus/lmtpunix[4865]: verify_user(user.imap0001) failed: Mailbox does not exist Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower postfix/bounce[4867]: 6C6CA24185C: sender non-delivery notification: 065D5240035 Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower postfix/qmgr[4833]: 065D5240035: from=<>, size=3372, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower postfix/qmgr[4833]: 6C6CA24185C: removed Dec 30 22:46:17 acer-tower postfix/lmtp[4866]: 53421240372: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<[email protected]>, relay=home.webshop-software.ch[/tmp/lmtp], delay=165, delays=165/0.02/0.17/0.09, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host home.webshop-software.ch[/tmp/lmtp] said: 550-Mailbox unknown. Either there is no mailbox associated with this 550-name or you do not have authorization to see it. 550 5.1.1 User unknown (in reply to RCPT TO command))

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• Postfix misconfigured? 550 Sender rejected from recieving server

  - by wnstnsmth

  We use Postfix on our CentOS 6 machine, having the following configuration. We use PHP's mail() function to send rudimentary password reset emails, but there is a problem. As you will see, mydomain and myhostname is correctly set, afaik. alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 html_directory = no inet_interfaces = localhost inet_protocols = all mail_owner = postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost mydomain = ***.ch myhostname = test.***.ch newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 Now this is the stuff that is in the /var/log/maillog of Postfix upon sending an email to ***.***@***.ch, with ***.ch being the same domain our sending server test.***.ch is on: Dec 13 16:55:06 R12X0210 postfix/pickup[6831]: E6D6311406AB: uid=48 from=<apache> Dec 13 16:55:06 R12X0210 postfix/cleanup[6839]: E6D6311406AB: message-id=<20121213155506.E6D6311406AB@test.***.ch> Dec 13 16:55:07 R12X0210 postfix/qmgr[6832]: E6D6311406AB: from=<apache@test.***.ch>, size=1276, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Dec 13 16:55:52 R12X0210 postfix/smtp[6841]: E6D6311406AB: to=<***.***@***.ch>, relay=mail.***.ch[**.**.249.3]:25, delay=46, delays=0.18/0/21/24, dsn=5.0.0, status=bounced (host mail.***.ch[**.**.249.3] said: 550 Sender Rejected (in reply to RCPT TO command)) Dec 13 16:55:52 R12X0210 postfix/cleanup[6839]: 8562C11406AC: message-id=<20121213155552.8562C11406AC@test.***.ch> Dec 13 16:55:52 R12X0210 postfix/bounce[6848]: E6D6311406AB: sender non-delivery notification: 8562C11406AC Dec 13 16:55:52 R12X0210 postfix/qmgr[6832]: 8562C11406AC: from=<>, size=3065, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Dec 13 16:55:52 R12X0210 postfix/qmgr[6832]: E6D6311406AB: removed Dec 13 16:55:52 R12X0210 postfix/local[6850]: 8562C11406AC: to=<root@test.***.ch>, orig_to=<apache@test.***.ch>, relay=local, delay=0.13, delays=0.07/0/0/0.05, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to mailbox) Dec 13 16:55:52 R12X0210 postfix/qmgr[6832]: 8562C11406AC: removed So the receiving server rejects the sender (line 4 of log output). We have tested it with one other recipient and it worked, so this problem might be completely unrelated to our settings, but related to the recipient. Still, with this question, I want to make sure we're not making an obvious misconfiguration on our side.

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• Permanently deleting files on Mac OS

  - by Jonik

  A while back, as relatively new Mac OS X user, I was surprised to learn that you cannot easily delete files. Directly, that is, without moving them to the trash first. On Windows and Linux this can obviously be done with ease, but not so on the Mac. I noticed this when trying clear up files from a USB memory stick — removing the files ("move to trash") does not free up space; that happens only after emptying the whole system-wide Trash. Not particularly convenient! (It seems stupid to have to empty the whole trashcan just to make some space on the USB stick. There might be gigabytes of stuff in there, and this sort of defeats its purpose - what if you'd actually need to restore something from the trash some day.) So, what's your way of getting around this? Have you bought a 3rd party application like RAW Trash for $16.95 just to delete files, or do you diligently empty the trashcan whenever needed? Or did I miss something? Also, can you convince me that this is actually the way it should be — that users shouldn't be able to fiddle with the filesystem easily? :)

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• What is easiest no fail way to publish asp.net app?

  - by Maestro1024

  What is easiest no fail way to publish asp.net app? Sorry a bit of an open ended question but I am having issues deploying an asp.net report project and any solution to get the site up is fine. I am running Win7/SQL 2008 and want to publish a asp.net report site that I created in VS 2008. Website launches when I run in debug in Visual studio but I want to publish the site so that it can be seen on the LAN. I published the files off to a folder and started up the IIS manager and added a new site and pointed to that folder. Set the permission on the folder to share to everyone. However when I go to the DNS name I put in for the website it does not launch. Any ideas on this? I see websites out there talking about a web sharing tab on the folder properties but I do not see that when I go to folders. Why might that be? Another avenue I have not pursued yet is publishing directly to a website. Has anyone tried that? Is that better or worse than publishing to filesystem?

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• How to re-add a RAID-10 failed drive on Ubuntu?

  - by thiesdiggity

  I have a problem that I can't seem to solve. We have a Ubuntu server setup with RAID-10 and two of the drives dropped out of the array. When I try to re-add them using the following command: mdadm --manage --re-add /dev/md2 /dev/sdc1 I get the following error message: mdadm: Cannot open /dev/sdc1: Device or resource busy When I do a "cat /proc/mdstat" I get the following: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [r$ md2 : active raid10 sdb1[0] sdd1[3] 1953519872 blocks 64K chunks 2 near-copies [4/2] [U__U] md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdc2[1] 468853696 blocks [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdc1[1] 19530688 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> When I run "/sbin/mdadm --detail /dev/md2" I get the following: /dev/md2: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Mon Sep 5 23:41:13 2011 Raid Level : raid10 Array Size : 1953519872 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759936 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Oct 25 09:25:08 2012 State : active, degraded Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : near=2, far=1 Chunk Size : 64K UUID : c6d87d27:aeefcb2e:d4453e2e:0b7266cb Events : 0.6688691 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 8 49 3 active sync /dev/sdd1 Output of df -h is: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md1 441G 2.0G 416G 1% / none 32G 236K 32G 1% /dev tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm none 32G 112K 32G 1% /var/run none 32G 0 32G 0% /var/lock none 32G 0 32G 0% /lib/init/rw tmpfs 64G 215M 63G 1% /mnt/vmware none 441G 2.0G 416G 1% /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs /dev/mapper/RAID10VG-RAID10LV 1.8T 139G 1.6T 8% /mnt/RAID10 When I do a "fdisk -l" I can see all the drives needed for the RAID-10. The RAID-10 is part of the /dev/mapper, could that be the reason why the device is coming back as busy? Anyone have any suggestions on what I can try to get the drives back into the array? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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• Does this exist: a standardized way of documenting a file-system structure

  - by eegg

  At work, I'm in charge of maintaining the organization of a whole lot of varied data on a standard file-system. Part of this is coming up with sensible classification (by similarity, need, read/write access, etc), but the bigger part is actually documenting it: what documents/files/media should go where, what should not be in this directory, "for something slightly different, see ../../other-dir", etc. At the moment, I've documented this using a plaintext file filing.txt in every directory I want to document. If someone is unsure what's meant to be in any directory, they read that file. This works alright, but it seems odd that I have this primitive custom solution to a problem that any maintainer of a non-trivial directory structure must experience. Every company I've known of, for example, has some kind of shared file-system where agreed terminology for categorization is important. In my experience, people just have to learn what's what by trial-and-error and experimentation. So allow me to propose a better solution, and hopefully you can tell me if it exists. Any directory on any filesystem can have a hidden plaintext file named .filing. Its contents are descriptive human language. It uses some markup like Markdown, with little more than bold, italic, and (relative) hyperlinks to other directories. Now a suitably-enabled file browser will check for a file named .filing whenever it displays a directory. If it exists, its contents are parsed and displayed in an unobtrusive pane near the directory-path widget. Any links therein can be clicked, and the user will be taken to the target directory of that link. I think that the effort of implementing such a standard would pay back many times over in usability gains. We would have, say, plugins for Nautilus, Konqueror, etc.. It could be used to display directory information in the standard file lists served by webservers. And so on. So, question: does such a thing exist? If not, why not? Do people think it's a worthwhile idea?

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• setup lowcost image storage server with 24x SSD array to get high IOPS?

  - by Nenad

  I want to build let's name it a lowcost Ra*san which would host for our social site the images (many millions) we have 5 sizes of every photo with 3 KB, 7 KB, 15 KB, 25 KB and 80 KB per Image. My idea is to build a Server with 24x consumer 240 GB SSD's in Raid 6 which will give me some 5 TB Disk space for the photo storage. To have HA I can add a 2nd one and use drdb. I'm looking to get above 150'000 IOPS (4K Random reads). As we mostly have read access only and rarely delete photos i think to go with consumer MLC SSD. I read many endurance reviews and don't see there a problem as long we don't rewrite the cells. What you think about my idea? - I'm not sure between Raid 6 or Raid 10 (more IOPS, cost SSD). - Is ext4 OK for the filesystem - Would you use 1 or 2 Raid controller, with Extender Backplane If anyone has realized something similar i would be happy to get Real World numbers. UPDATE I have buy 12 (plus some spare) OCZ Talos 480GB SAS SSD Drive's they will be placed in a 12-bay DAS and attached to a PERC H800 (1GB NV Cache, manufactured by LSI with fastpath) Controller, I plan to setup Raid 50 with ext4. If someone is wondering about some benchmarks let me know what you would like to see.

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• MicroSD card getting corrupted for no good reason

  - by ChaosR

  I recently bought an MicroSD card online. It's a Sandisk 16GB class 2. However, it has a nasty problem. Every time I fill it with my data, the fat tables get corrupted. I've tried reformatting it, blanking it, doesn't seem to solve the problem. I have tried windows and linux (ubuntu), both have the problem. I've used my usb microsd readers, and even tried putting it in my phone and putting data on it from there. All have this problem. Now the really odd thing is, besides the corrupted file tables, no programs can find anything wrong with the hardware. I've tried both chkdisk and "badblocks -w", neither give any type of error. Now I don't know if the actual data gets corrupted, or if its just filesystem tables. What happens is that one or more folders start showing a load of chinese-charred (random UTF8 symbols I suppose) folders and files, and it is impossible to do anything with those. All the other data (outside of the corrupted folders) seems fine. I've tried to test it, and the problem doesn't seem to show up until I fill the disk upto about 3~4GB. After that I can still access the data. But as soon as I eject/safely remove/unmount it, the bad things happen somehow. Next time I plug it in, the folders I most recently wrote to (but sometimes also the folders I wrote the time before last time to) are all gibberish. Does anybody have any clue what might be going on here? EDIT: It seems I can't even put ext3 or ext4 on it, they both complain about a corrupted journal. Gheh, guess something is really broken here.

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• Recovering a mdadm+lvm+ext4 partition with read error

  - by bitwelder

  One of disks in my NAS has failed. The NAS is running Linux, and it uses mdadm + LVM technology for its filesystems. I do have backup for most of the contents, but not for the very last changes, and if possible, I'd like to recover that from this failing disk. The disk (a 'green drive' WD10EARS 1TB in size) throws this kind of errors: Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.620000] ata5.00: read unc at 9453282 Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.620000] lba 9453282 start 9453280 end 1953511007 Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.620000] sde5 auto_remap 0 Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.630000] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.630000] ata5.00: edma_err_cause=00000084 pp_flags=00000003, dev error, EDMA self-disable Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.640000] ata5.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.650000] ata5.00: cmd 60/40:00:e0:3e:90/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 32768 in Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.650000] res 41/40:00:e2:3e:90/12:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> Oct 3 12:00:41 kernel: [ 3625.660000] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } However, while testing with 'dd', I noticed that if I skip the first 4kB, the read seems to be ok, i.e. a command like. dd if=/dev/sde5 of=dev/null bs=4k count=1000 skip=1 doesn't return any read error. Supposing that there is no other read failure in the rest of the disk, would I be able to recover this 900 GB partition (as I mentioned before, it's a 'linux raid autodetect' partition, that contains a a LVM2 volume that contains a ext4 filesystem) if I copy-clone the partition somewhere else, but the first 4kB?

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• Did chkdsk make it harder to restore files?

  - by neyl

  My friend asked me to try and fix his loaded Sansa Clip + which wasn't playing. After opening it in MSC mode I discovered that the Music directory was empty and total of all files was only a few MB. However Disk properties showed me that it was 7Gb full. I then ran Tools - Error Checking and Windows dutifully informed me that disk was corrupt and I should run again Allowing Windows to Fix Errors. I did that and it told me everything was fixed and that all files were placed in FOUND.000 Dir. FOUND.000 was about 7.5 GB with FILE0000-1546 . CHK. (I am aware of methods like ChkBack to scan and convert to mp3 etc BUT Original filenames and structure needed!) Now I started getting worried that I made things worse! I have plenty of experience with Data Recovery Programs - Recuva, Restore My Files etc. and I was anyhow planning to use them to scan the drive. But NOW after CHKDSK "fixed" the drive maybe it modified critical FAT information vital for data recovery. So I run these programs and 0!!!. No trace of files! I tried a ton of Recovery Programs with same results TILL EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard found all files and I purchased program for $55! My Question In your opinion - did running CHKDSK with automatic fixing of errors make matters worse (i.e. many data recovery progs. didn't find a trace and they would have done if not for chkdsk) or was the filesystem too corrupt anyhow for regular File Recovery Progs.? If I would be a Professional - would I be responsible for running CHKDSK - automatic Fixing. Do you know of a better Data Recovery Program than EaseUs Data Recovery wizard - According to my experience I haven't found better!? Thanks

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• How to find out what is causing a slow down of the application on this server?

  - by Jan P.

  This is not the typical serverfault question, but I'm out of ideas and don't know where else to go. If there are better places to ask this, just point me there in the comments. Thanks. Situation We have this web application that uses Zend Framework, so runs in PHP on an Apache web server. We use MySQL for data storage and memcached for object caching. The application has a very unique usage and load pattern. It is a mobile web application where every full hour a cronjob looks through the database for users that have some information waiting or action to do and sends this information to a (external) notification server, that pushes these notifications to them. After the users get these notifications, the go to the app and use it, mostly for a very short time. An hour later, same thing happens. Problem In the last few weeks usage of the application really started to grow. In the last few days we encountered very high load and doubling of application response times during and after the sending of these notifications (so basically every hour). The server doesn't crash or stop responding to requests, it just gets slower and slower and often takes 20 minutes to recover - until the same thing starts again at the full hour. We have extensive monitoring in place (New Relic, collectd) but I can't figure out what's wrong; I can't find the bottlekneck. That's where you come in: Can you help me figure out what's wrong and maybe how to fix it? Additional information The server is a 16 core Intel Xeon (8 cores with hyperthreading, I think) and 12GB RAM running Ubuntu 10.04 (Linux 3.2.4-20120307 x86_64). Apache is 2.2.x and PHP is Version 5.3.2-1ubuntu4.11. If any configuration information would help analyze the problem, just comment and I will add it. Graphs info phpinfo() apc status memcache status collectd Processes CPU Apache Load MySQL Vmem Disk New Relic Application performance Server overview Processes Network Disks (Sorry the graphs are gifs and not the same time period, but I think the most important info is in there)

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• Heartbeat/DRBD failover didn't work as expected. How do I make the failover more robust?

  - by Quinn Murphy

  I had a scenario where a DRBD-heartbeat set up had a failed node but did not failover. What happened was the primary node had locked up, but didn't go down directly (it was inaccessible via ssh or with the nfs mount, but it could be pinged). The desired behavior would have been to detect this and failover to the secondary node, but it appears that since the primary didn't go full down (there is a dedicated network connection from server to server), heartbeat's detection mechanism didn't pick up on that and therefore didn't failover. Has anyone seen this? Is there something that I need to configure to have more robust cluster failover? DRBD seems to otherwise work fine (had to resync when I rebooted the old primary), but without good failover, it's use is limited. heartbeat 3.0.4 drbd84 RHEL 6.1 We are not using Pacemaker nfs03 is the primary server in this setup, and nfs01 is the secondary. ha.cf # Hearbeat Logging logfacility daemon udpport 694 ucast eth0 192.168.10.47 ucast eth0 192.168.10.42 # Cluster members node nfs01.openair.com node nfs03.openair.com # Hearbeat communication timing. # Sets the triggers and pulse time for swapping over. keepalive 1 warntime 10 deadtime 30 initdead 120 #fail back automatically auto_failback on and here is the haresources file: nfs03.openair.com IPaddr::192.168.10.50/255.255.255.0/eth0 drbddisk::data Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/data::ext4 nfs nfslock

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• using a second computer as a mere screen/monitor in X (VNC?)

  - by lara michaels

  Hello My goal is to use three monitors with my Linux system. It is a laptop, so adding another video card is not the easiest solution. (I have investigated a number of such options: getting a docking station with a PCI slot, USB/Cardbus vga adapters, etc, and for the time being don't want to go that way.) I am wondering if using an older desktop+screen I have lying around as the third "monitor" might be the easiest solution, if only there is a way to get it to work as a seamless, integrated desktop. I was wondering if I can use VNC or perhaps X itself (?) to achieve the following: computer A is my main computer; it has all my files, etc. computer B is used just to display on an additional screen keyboard+mouse are connected to computer A use VNC or X to connect the two so that computer B shows a X screen that is just as if it was a third physical screen connected to computer A. I don't know if the last point is clear, but what I mean is that I would like to be able to: be able to have my window manager assign/move around virtual desktops on all three screens move windows back and forth between the screens attached to computer A and the screen of computer B be able to copy something in an app being shown on a screen of computer A and paste it into an app being shown on the screen attached to computer B access the filesystem on my main computer (A) when using applications that are being shown on the screen attached to computer B Basically, I would like X to treat computer B just like it was nothing but a third physical screen... Is this doable? : ) ~lara

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• Win 2003 SBS - secure enough by default?

  - by Pekka

  I have to set up a Windows 2003 Small Business Server to work as a Subversion repository and possibly as an E-Mail server later. The machine is a virtual one, hosted with a hosting company, and freshly initialized. I used the Security Configuration Wizard to deactivate all server roles. After I install Subversion, I will open the necessary ports for the service; in addition, obviously, RDP will stay open so I can remote control the machine. Automatic updates are activated, and I will set up E-Mail notification every time somebody logs on to the server. I'm a programmer and not a professional systems administrator, so I would like to know whether you would regard this a sane and secure setup for a (publicly available) box to host sensitive code and/or E-Mail on. Is there anything in addition I should do to make the machine secure? Is there anything I can do on a long-term basis to keep the machine secure, apart from monitoring the event log (as far as I can make sense out of it), and seeing that any hotfixes are installed properly?

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• Failing to load rootfs: Ubuntu 10 + grub2 + rootfs ext4 w/ RAID1

  - by James

  I am having problems booting a new Ubuntu 10 (server) install. My primary HD (/dev/sda) is laid out as follows: Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 18 144553+ 83 Linux <-- /BOOT /dev/sda2 19 182401 1464991447+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 19 2207 17583111 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda6 2208 11934 78132096 fd Linux raid autodetect <-- / (ROOTFS) /dev/sda7 11935 182401 1369276146 fd Linux raid autodetect The rootfs is part of a RAID1 (software) array (currently degraded): # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md2 : active raid1 sda6[1] 78132032 blocks [2/1] [_U] The UUIDs for the partitions are as follows: # blkid /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: UUID="b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c" TYPE="ext2" # blkid /dev/sda6 /dev/sda6: UUID="af7b9ede-fa53-c0c1-74be-31ec752c5cd5" TYPE="linux_raid_member" # blkid /dev/md2 /dev/md2: UUID="a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f" TYPE="ext4" Finally, I have my grub2 menuentry setup as follows: ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-25-server' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { insmod ext2 insmod raid insmod mdraid set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c linux /vmlinuz-2.6.32-25-server root=UUID=a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f ro nosplash noplymouth initrd /initrd.img-2.6.32-25-server } When I attempt to boot, grub loads OK, however I eventually get the following error message: Gave up waiting for root device. ALERT /dev/disk/by-uuid/a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f does not exist. Dropping to a shell! If from the grub bootloader I open a grub command line, I can ls (hd0,) and it lists the correct partitions with the UUIDs as shown above - sda6 shows 'a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f' (the RAID UUID). If I ls (md2)/ it properly lists all the files on the RAID1 filesystem (ext4) so it doesn't appear to be an issue accessing the raid device. Does anyone have any suggestions as to what the problem might be? I can't figure this one out.

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• HP Power Manager SMTP setup doesn't have space for username & password

  - by Martha

  Is there some way to configure HP Power Manager to not assume that there's an email server running locally? We recently acquired an HP T1500 G3 UPS, which we're trying to control using HP Power Manager 4.2. The main reason we wanted to get this particular UPS is because it says it's capable of sending notifications (of the "Yo, the power's out, you may want to look into it" type) via email, as opposed to SNMP. Turns out, that's not entirely true. The server is running Windows Server 2003. It is not running an email server of any sort - we do that via two different providers. Outlook email is provided by Verizon, and our SMTP email service is provided by a small local company. When we use CDO to send auto-generated notification emails, we have to provide the SMTP server name, port, username, and password. The HP Power Manager interface only allows us to enter the server name and the username. Thus, not surprisingly, the emails never go anywhere. Help?

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• Synchronize two directories on linux pc

  - by Gab

  I need a distributed filesystem (or a synchronization tool) that is capable of keeping a directory synchronized across 4 pc. My requirements are: offline access (data must be available offline on each pc) preserve execution rights: some files are marked executable on a linux partition. This flag should be replicated. efficient sync strategy: some of my files are 20GB, they are changed quite often, but in very little parts (Virtualbox images). Delta transmissions are welcome. efficient handling of space: no history for files, files shouldn't be copied to temp directories "just in case you break it". it must propagate deletions of files modification can happen in any of the 4 pcs, they should be propagated when other pc are connected. Other specs of my solution are: Sync is over a lan, the total amount of data to be synced is around 180GB, in some ten thousand files. Changes are small, but can happen in big files. At the moment i'm interested in a linux only solution. conflicts either don't happen or are solved with "last one wins" I haven't found any good solution. I've been trying: unison: it is the only one working at the moment, but during the hashing phase it hangs my pc for some minute, disk light steady on. Sparkleshare doesn't handle large files nicely. It keeps an history of all your changes that grows up indefinitely. They promise it will be fixed in next releases, but at the moment it still doesn't fit my needs. owncloud (keeps history of each file i change) coda ? (help! i couldn't set it up correctly!) git-annex assistant transforms all your files in symlinks and mark the original file as read only ("just in case you make a mistake while you modify it"!). Before you edit a file you have to issue a special command "git-annex unlock", that creates a local copy of the file, and you have to remember to lock it again if you want it synchronized. What to try next?

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• Need a place to store a few bytes of meta information on storage media

  - by Jason C

  I'm working on an embedded project. I need a place to store some filesystem-independent meta information on a storage device. The device has an MSDOS partition table. The device also may have unallocated space (depending on its size) but it will be TRIMmed (and also may be blown away by new partitions in the future). I need a location on the device that is not unallocated and that has a low risk of being touched (outside of completely erasing the device). The device is only guaranteed to have an MBR at the point the meta data needs to first be written; meaning there are no EBRs/VBRs present that I could use. There are 446 bytes at the very start of the device available for MBR bootstrap code. Currently my only idea is to store data at the end of this block. However, the device is bootable and I have no way of knowing if I'd be blowing away bootstrap code or not. The sector size is 512 bytes and the MBR is the first sector, I'm pretty sure (correct me if I'm wrong) that that means the second sector is available for use by partition data, so I can't use that either. Does anybody have any ideas? I need 4 bytes of space.

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• How to force mdadm to stop RAID5 array?

  - by lucek

  I have /dev/md127 RAID5 array that consisted of four drives. I managed to hot remove them from the array and currently /dev/md127 does not have any drives: cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdd1[0] sda1[1] 304052032 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid0 sda5[1] sdd5[0] 16770048 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks md127 : active raid5 super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/0] [____] unused devices: <none> and mdadm --detail /dev/md127 /dev/md127: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Thu Sep 6 10:39:57 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 8790402048 (8383.18 GiB 9001.37 GB) Used Dev Size : 2930134016 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Sep 7 17:19:47 2012 State : clean, FAILED Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 0 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 0 0 3 removed I've tried to do mdadm --stop /dev/md127 but: mdadm --stop /dev/md127 mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md127:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group? I made sure that it's unmounted, umount -l /dev/md127 and confirmed that it indeed is unmounted: umount /dev/md127 umount: /dev/md127: not mounted I've tried to zero superblock of each drive and I get (for each drive): mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sde1 mdadm: Unrecognised md component device - /dev/sde1 Here's output of lsof|grep md127: lsof|grep md127 md127_rai 276 root cwd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root rtd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root txt unknown /proc/276/exe What else can I do? LVM is not even installed so it can't be a factor.

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• Why is dwm.exe using so much memory?

  - by Leonard Challis

  I've scoured the web, but I'm sick of reading "scan your computer for viruses" and "upgrade your RAM" on answers to similar questions to this. I understand that dwm.exe is for (simply put) caching bitmaps for things like Aero-peek and similar, but as far as I have read it shouldn't be using vast amounts of memory. My colleague and I both have 4GB of RAM, Core 2 Duo, blah, blah -- essentially they're pretty capable. His dwm.exe is running at around 30mb, mind is currently running at about half a gig, though it does fluctuate quite a lot. This is the same while running the exact same applications (currently Zend studio, FireFox (with firemin - low memory usage), Outlook). Every so often I will get a notification asking me if I want to switch to Aero Basic because it's using too much memory, and sometimes it will just switch itself to basic and let me know why. I know it's possible to stop it switching, but I want to know why it is using too much memory otherwise it's just papering over the cracks. One thing to add is this seems to have started after a robbery on Monday, where two of my monitors were stolen, and I had to temporarily use a couple of alternative monitors. I am now using brand new monitors but the problem is the same. All drivers installed and working seemingly fine. Any ideas why the usage is so high? We are using windows 7 64-bit Professional.

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• Ubuntu hard disk getting SATA errors

  - by Henadzy

  I am getting "UNC" errors on a hard disk on Ubuntu 9.10. It slows down my system, applications have not been responding for a long time. But when I mount the filesystem on another computer, it works properly. disk: SAMSUNG HD161HJ (SATA) syslog: Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773839] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x1 SAct 0x1e SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773845] ata3.00: Ata error. fis:0x21 Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773861] ata3.00: cmd 60/08:08:3f:00:ad/00:00:10:00:00/40 tag 1 ncq 4096 in Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773864] res 51/40:24:67:c8:91/40:00:05:00:00/40 Emask 0x9 (media error) Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773871] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773877] ata3.00: error: { UNC } [...snip 3 similar repeats of last 4 lines; see revision history for full log...] Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773970] ata3: hard resetting link Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 885.773974] ata3: nv: skipping hardreset on occupied port Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 886.240073] ata3: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 886.256277] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Apr 25 00:28:25 vare6gin kernel: [ 886.256305] ata3: EH complete Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176088] ata3: EH in SWNCQ mode,QC:qc_active 0xF sactive 0xF Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176099] ata3: SWNCQ:qc_active 0xF defer_bits 0x0 last_issue_tag 0x3 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176102] dhfis 0xF dmafis 0x1 sdbfis 0x0 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176109] ata3: ATA_REG 0x51 ERR_REG 0x40 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176113] ata3: tag : dhfis dmafis sdbfis sacitve Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176120] ata3: tag 0x0: 1 1 0 1 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176126] ata3: tag 0x1: 1 0 0 1 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176131] ata3: tag 0x2: 1 0 0 1 Apr 25 00:28:27 vare6gin kernel: [ 888.176136] ata3: tag 0x3: 1 0 0 1

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• Migrating to AWS Cloud with auto-scaling - where to put Redis and ElasticSearch?

  - by RobMasters

  I've been trying to research this topic but haven't found anywhere that recommends where to install services such as Redis and ElasticSearch when migrating to a cloud framework. I'm currently running a Symfony2 application on 2 static servers - one is running MySQL and the other is the public facing web server, which also has Redis and ElasticSearch running on it. Both of these servers are virtualised, but they're static in terms of not being able to replicate at present (various aspects are still dependent on the local filesystem). The goal is to migrate to AWS and use auto-scaling to be able to spin up and kill web servers as required, but I'm not clear on what I should put on each EC2 instance. Should they be single-responsibility only? i.e. Set up individual instances for the web server(s), Redis, and ElasticSearch and most likely an RDS instance for MySQL and only set up auto-scaling on the web server(s)? I don't foresee having to scale the ElasticSearch server anytime soon as it's only driving the search functionality, but it's possible that Redis may need to be replicated at some point - but should this be done manually? I'm not sure of how this could be done automatically as each instance needs to be configured to know about it's master/slave(s) as far as I know. I'd appreciate advice on this. One more quick question while I'm here - how would I be able to deploy code changes when there are X web servers currently active? I'm using a Capifony deployment script (Symfony2 version of Capistrano), which I think can handle multiple servers easily enough by specifying an array of :domain addresses...but how can should this be handled when the number of web servers can vary?

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• No Microsoft Security Essentials for Windows 8. So, how to access similar Defender features/settings?

  - by Chris W. Rea

  I just installed Windows 8 Pro. One of the first things I went to do is install Microsoft Security Essentials, thinking I still needed add-on security software, but I've learned here that it isn't required for Windows 8. Witness: Got Windows 8 or Windows RT? Windows Defender for Windows 8 and Windows RT provides the same level of protection against malware as Microsoft Security Essentials. You can't use Microsoft Security Essentials with Windows 8, but you don't need to — Windows Defender is already included and ready to go. [...] All well and good. However, on Windows 7, once you installed Microsoft Security Essentials, you got a tray icon, and from there you could access the features of MSE, such as perform custom scans, turn off real-time protection (temporarily, of course), check for updates, etc. However, Defender on Windows 8 doesn't display a tray icon – and yes, I've already made sure I'm displaying all icons in the notification area. So, how to access the similar specific features of Windows Defender on Windows 8?

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• How to allow users to transfer files to other users on linux

  - by Jon Bringhurst

  We have an environment of a few thousand users running applications on about 40 clusters ranging in size from 20 compute nodes to 98,000 compute nodes. Users on these systems generate massive files (sometimes 1PB) controlled by traditional unix permissions (ACLs usually aren't available or practical due to the specialized nature of the filesystem). We currently have a program called "give", which is a suid-root program that allows a user to "give" a file to another user when group permissions are insufficient. So, a user would type something like the following to give a file to another user: > give username-to-give-to filename-to-give ... The receiving user can then use a command called "take" (part of the give program) to receive the file: > take filename-to-receive The permissions of the file are then effectively transferred over to the receiving user. This program has been around for years and we'd like to revisit things from a security and functional point of view. Our current plan of action is to remove the bit rot in our current implementation of "give" and package it up as an open source app before we redeploy it into production. Does anyone have another method they use to transfer extremely large files between users when only traditional unix permissions are available?

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• Borked ubuntu uninstall - need to delete boot partition (i think)

  - by Max Williams

  I just got a new pc laptop with windows 7 and wanted to install Ubuntu on it. Which i did, no problem there, by downloading the installer, burning it to dvd then booting off the dvd and installing. Then, i realised that the new Ubuntu 12.04 uses the Unity desktop, which i immediately disliked, and after some research, began to hate. So, i decided (after a little googling) to install Linux Mint instead. So, thinking i'd better start from scratch, i went to the Windows 7 disk manager and wiped the Ubuntu partition that had been created. Now, when i start up, i get an error from grub, the ubuntu boot manager: error: unknown filesystem grub rescue> _ and a blinking cursor where i can enter commands. I suspect that what i've done is deleted the main ubuntu partition but NOT deleted another partition which is a boot partition, or something like that? Can anyone tell me how i can rescue or unbork this? I'd like to either a) get back to my original windows-only setup OR b) install linux mint off dvd (which i have), into the empty partition, fixing any grub confusion in the process. Any suggestions? Thanks, max BTW please don't answer if you're just going to tell me to stick with 12.04, or install a different distro or something. I definitely want Mint and just want to fix this mess - thanks :)

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