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  • How to prevent asymmetric routing with multiple eBGP routers?

    - by Andy Shinn
    I have 2 routers announcing a /22 subnet to different providers (one providers connects to each of the 2 routers). I have split the /22 in two /23 to announce one /23 on each of the routers plus the /22 (the providers will take the more specific route). This allows me to fail over and keep traffic inside the /23 in and out the same provider. What are other ways in which I could announce just the /22 with both routers and have packets from servers on the network behind the routers go back out the same router in which they came in from? EDIT: The main problem I come across, which end users and clients complain about the most, is that the least hop route is sometimes not the "optimal" route. In my case, I know that Provider B may have better latency to X nation. But when packets come in from provider B, they may go out Provider A or provider B. The reverse is also true. If I send a packet to X nation out provider A, even though it may have more hops back, the packet will likely come in from Provider B (which may have higher latency, packet loss, etc. to this nation)

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  • What is the max supported number of SATA devices (using cable adapters) on a Dell SAS 6/iR adapter?

    - by Zac B
    I've got a Dell SAS 6/iR PCI-E adapter. I don't have a multiplier backplane. I'm planning on connecting SATA (non SAS) drives. If I buy cable adapters only (ones that split a SAS connector on the card to a certain number of SATA cables), how many drives can I connect to this card? The way I see it, there are two limitations: a limitation imposed by the theoretical max number of devices supported on the card (which I've dug through the specs to find, but haven't seen yet), and a limitation imposed by the number of SAS plugs on the card multiplied by the number of SATA cables that come out of the highest-multiplying splitter I can buy. The answer to my question would be the minimum of those two limitations. I've seen 4x SATA coming out of some splitters; are there any that have more? Alternatively, if this is an RTFM question, does anyone have a good link to a "this is how SAS works, this is how you figure out the max number of devices, and this is how the concepts of 'ports', 'lanes', 'endpoint devices', and 'connectors' all relate in SAS-land" document? I've looked around on the Dell docs, but haven't found anything that explains this to someone at my level of understanding of SAN/enterprise storage technologies. Cheers!

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  • Exchange 2010 certificate errors

    - by Frederik Nielsen
    I have a problem with my newly setup Exchange environment for our hosted customers. First off, when configuring the outlook client, it gives a certificate warning although the certificate has been bought and setup. I am using a setup like this: autodiscover.CUSTOMERDOMAIN.TLD CNAME autodiscover.exchange.COMPANYDOMAIN.TLD (Companydomain is our company that hosts the exchange servers, customerdomain being the customers domain) Shouldn't that work? I know that Microsoft does something like that for Office365, but I really don't think they buy a certificate for every customer.. So I guess some redirection should be setup somehow - any guidance? Next thing: When we accept that error, and move on to actually starting Outlook, it states that the certificate is not valid for the RPC proxy server exchange.COMPANYDOMAIN.TLD - this domain is not right, as that domain is not included in the certificate. I would instead like this domain to be mail.exchange.COMPANYDOMAIN.TLD I tried to run this script setting both internal and external URL's to be the same, with no luck. Any guidance on this one? I am running Exchange 2010 SP2, with CAS, HT and MBX split up on 3 different servers.

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  • What XMonad Configuration Best Replicates Default Ion3 Behavior and Feature Set?

    - by mtp
    Not being very familiar with Haskell and lamenting that Ion 3 is now abandonware, I am curious if anyone out there has found a way of replicating the default Ion 3 behavior and aesthetics in XMonad. If I can't have a near-exact replica of Ion 3-style behavior in XMonad, here is what would be critical to me: Virtual desktops that are empty by default and that spawn full-screen applications, which can be split horizontally or vertically evenly, leaving an empty adjacent pane. The panes, which house open windows, are manually resizable, preferably via keyboard. The panes exhibit tabbed behavior, meaning that they can house multiple windows. Windows can be tagged and moved between panes / virtual desktops via keyboard sequence. A given window may be temporarily exploded into full-screen mode via keyboard sequence. Each new virtual desktop starts in the same state—i.e., with one pane. Each virtual desktop may have its panes divided independently of other virtual desktops. From my investigation, it appears that there are several configurations that provide #3. For as much as I want to spend the time to familiarize myself with Haskell, I just simply don't have time. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. As far as I can tell, Ion has no conception of master pane or window, so this behavior is not desired.

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  • How do I count the times each number appears in columns of numbers?

    - by Andy C.
    I am sure this must be easy, but I am inexperienced. About the best way to think of my problem is to think of it as trying to sort and then count lottery numbers. To stay simple, let's do a Pick 3 game. Let's look at 10 drawings. I would split each drawn number into a separate column: DATE BALL#1 BALL#2 BALL#3 3/1 1 3 5 3/2 3 7 8 3/3 2 2 1 3/4 5 7 6 3/5 2 3 1 3/6 0 5 9 3/7 3 7 0 3/8 6 8 4 3/9 2 4 3 3/10 7 1 2 I would like to be able to build formulas into cells that would tell me how many times each number appeared overall, and how many times each number appeared in the position it occurred. Like this (using the above example): Number Overall Count Ball#1 Count Ball#2 Count Ball#3 Count 0 2 1 0 1 1 4 1 1 2 (That is, The number zero appears twice overall, and came up once as the first number drawn; zero times as the middle ball; and once as the third ball. Likewise, the number 1 was drawn four times in our 10-day period. It was the first ball once, the second ball once and the third ball twice.) And so on. All help appreciated. I have access to Excel and Microsoft Works, or of course if there is a Google Docs way to handle this All thanks for any help.

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  • Check for unique rows, but ignore one particular column

    - by user269148
    I have an XML document, that looks like this: Column A to S with headers, and there are 1922 rows. This is an backup of some SMS, and I want to get rid of duplicates. The problem is, that the Time in the readable_date header has been messed up. There is nothing wrong with the date, but the clock time is wrong, so I have split that column in three, with Year, day and clock. I know I can use a standard filter, but it only looks for unique rows in a single column. What I want to perform, is to make a row check similar to this: F(x)=Check if Column 2A to (infinate) is equal to Column 3A to (infinate), but ignore column(R). IF True, then delete Column 3A to (infinate) Otherwise Check IF column 2A to (infinate) is equal Column 4A to (infinate) and so on. I need to ignore a particular column in a row every time, and need to do this for a complete sheet. And the formula check should apply for every row, when the first one is done checking for duplicates... If anyone else has a better solution, please say so. Anyway, anyone who can help?

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  • Looking for a software / something to automate some simple audio processing

    - by Daniel Magliola
    I'm looking for a way to take a 1-hour podcast MP3 file and split it into several several 2-minute MP3s. Along the way, I'd like to also do a few things like Amplify the volume. The problem I'm solving is that I have a crappy MP3 player that won't let me seek forward or backward, nor will it remember where I left it when I turn it off, plus, I listen to these in a seriously high-noise situation. Thus, I need to be able to skip forward in large chunks (2-5 minutes) to the point where I left it. Is there any decent way to do this? Audacity doesn't seem to have command-line capabilities. I'm willing to write some code, for example, to call something over the command line and get how long the MP3 file is, to later know how many pieces i'll have, and then say "create an MP3 with 0:00 to 2:00", "create an MP3 with 2:00 to 4:00", etc. I'm also willing to pay for the right tools if necessary. I also don't care how slow this runs, as long as I can automate it :-) I'm doing this on Windows. Any pointers / ideas? Thanks!

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  • Puzzling TCP performance over 3G / UMTS

    - by lemonsqueeze
    I'm using 3G as my primary internet connection, and TCP over this thing is getting more puzzling every day. For example: Downloading from kernel.org is crazy fast: $wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.0/linux-3.6.8.tar.bz2 increases to ~500kB/s after a few secs ! Some servers are incredibly slow, for instance www.graphic-pc.com:Same thing, downloading a big file with wget it starts at ~30kB/s for a split second, then collapses to 5-10k or even worse. Web browsing is decent but somewhat unreliable. Randomly, a page will take really long to load or even fail to load, but a reload can succeed almost immediately. Now, by chance i started playing with OpenVPN over UDP on top of the 3G connection, and OMG suddenly everything's extremely fast !Same www.graphic-pc.com now shoots at 100-200kB/s ! What's going on here ??? How come it is so much better with the VPN than without ?? And why does graphic-pc.com crawl when kernel.org flies ?Something to do with my tcp stack (or the server), or some buggy router in between ?? Notes: Setup is laptop running Ubuntu Lucid and a Huawei 3G dongle (So direct pppd connection). I can reproduce this pretty much any time during the day and I'm not moving, so it's clearly not cell environment or internet congestion. (although kernel.org without VPN sometimes does worse in the evening, 60kB or so - but still 500kB with VPN !) For 2) wireshark shows retransmitted packets, dup ack's, even out of order sometimes. I've tried playing with different /proc/sys/net/ipv4 parameters (tcp_rmem, window_scaling, tcp_congestion...) doesn't seem to make a difference. Update: Tried under windows 7 (no VPN) with some interesting results: tcp settings : default tcp_optimizer kernel.org : 10 kB/s 20 kB/s graphic-pc.com: 8 kB/s 70 kB/s ! tcp_optimizer turned on ctcp among other things. Have to check what os graphic-pc.com is running, my bet is linux's tcp_westwood and ms ctcp don't mix well here...

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  • How does Subnetting Work?

    - by Kyle Brandt
    How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head? Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself. What is classless routing and why is class-based routing obsolete? If I have a network, how do I figure out how to split it up? If I am given a netmask, how do I know what the network Range is for it? Sometimes there is a slash followed by a number, what is that number? Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different? Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this? What is NAT (Network Address Translation). Not looking for links to other sites (unless maybe you have one post with a bunch of good ones). I already know how to subnet, I just thought it would be nice if Server Fault had a generic subnetting answer.

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 partioning an external drive without lossing data

    - by Menelaos Perdikeas
    I have an Ubuntu 12.04 with an external 1.5T disk (just for data). It is /dev/sdc1 seen below: $ df -T Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 ext4 1451144932 27722584 1350794536 3% / udev devtmpfs 6199460 4 6199456 1% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 2482692 988 2481704 1% /run none tmpfs 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock none tmpfs 6206724 284 6206440 1% /run/shm /dev/sdc1 fuseblk 1465135100 172507664 1292627436 12% /media/Elements The thing is I would like to implement this rsync-based backup strategy and I want to use my /dev/sdc1 external drive for that. Since the guide mentioned above recommends placing the backup directory in a separate partition I want to repartition the /dev/sdc1 external hard disk but retain existing data in a separate partition. E.g. split /dev/sdc1 into two partitions: (i) one to be used exclusively for the rsync-based backup and (ii) the other for the existing miscellaneous data. How should I go about partitioning with minimal risk to my existing data and what kind of filesystem do you recommend? I would prefer a console-based guide but unfortunately all the material I found on the web is oriented towards partitioning the main (bootable) disk and not an external fuseblk filesystem used only for passive data.

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  • Cisco configuration for public library internet

    - by AlternateZ
    I'm a C/C++ computer programmer turned IT support guy working for a public library. My day is usually spent helping random grandparents learn how to use email, so my networking knowledge is limited to what I can glean from google. Here's the situation. We have a public library with 20 PCs on a LAN and also public wifi access. Previously we were running all of this on 1 ADSL connection and people complained about low speeds. We hired a networking company to set up a Cisco dual-WAN router for us, and purchased an additional ADSL connection. The intention was to give the LAN PCs a guaranteed amount of bandwidth each, and then let the wifi users split the rest. The results were far worse than what we expected, and all we got from the company was excuses and they've since washed their hands of us. During busy periods, net performance on the LAN PCs are so poor that attaching files to gmail etc often times out and fails - far from the "guaranteed amount of bandwidth each" that we hope for! Sometimes it feels like performance is worse than before when we had 1 ADSL link and an unconfigured router? Anyways, surely this is a problem encountered a million times over across the world? (Sharing internet across many users effectively.) What are standard solutions for something like this? I admit to not even knowing the right jargon to google for (load balancing?) I'd appreciate any links to resources/guides that might help me get a better understanding of the problem/solutions, and perhaps some stories of your own experience in solving similar problems. This will help us evaluate and negotiate with network consultants in the future. If its relevant, our router config contains a section "policy-map" with "bandwidth percent" for each class of user (LAN, wifi), and "fair queue".

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  • At what point does the performance gap between GPU & CPU become so great that the CPU is holding back a system?

    - by Matthew Galloway
    I know that generally speaking for gaming performance the GPU is the primary factor which holds back performance, with everything else such as RAM/motherboard/PSU/CPU being secondary in importance to the graphics card. But at some point the other components ARE going to be significant in holding back the whole system! For instance nobody would be silly enough to play modern games with 512MB RAM and the very latest graphics cards (such as an HD7970) as I bet the performance increase over such a system with only 512MB but a mid range card would be non-existent! Thus it would be a "waste" for such a person to buy any high end graphics card without resolving first the system's other problems. The same point applies to other components, such as if it only had a Pentium II a current high end graphics card would be wasted on it! So my core question is how do you determine at what point for your system is spending on extra GPU power be completely "wasted"? (also, a slightly more nuanced question is trying work out at what point might the extra graphics power not be "wasted" but would be "sub optimal" value for money, when the expenditure should then be split around graphics card and other components. As obviously a gamer shouldn't always just spend on upgrading the graphics card! But needs to balance it out)

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  • RAID degraded on Ubuntu server

    - by reano
    We're having a very weird issue at work. Our Ubuntu server has 6 drives, set up with RAID1 as follows: /dev/md0, consisting of: /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/md1, consisting of: /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/md2, consisting of: /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3 /dev/md3, consisting of: /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/md4, consisting of: /dev/sde1 /dev/sdf1 As you can see, md0, md1 and md2 all use the same 2 drives (split into 3 partitions). I also have to note that this is done via ubuntu software raid, not hardware raid. Today, the /md0 RAID1 array shows as degraded - it is missing the /dev/sdb1 drive. But since /dev/sdb1 is only a partition (and /dev/sdb2 and /dev/sdb3 are working fine), it's obviously not the drive that's gone AWOL, it seems the partition itself is missing. How is that even possible? And what could we do to fix it? My output of cat /proc/mdstat: Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1] 24006528 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md2 : active raid1 sda3[0] sdb3[1] 1441268544 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] 1464710976 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] md3 : active raid1 sdd1[1] sdc1[0] 2930133824 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md4 : active raid1 sdf2[1] sde2[0] 2929939264 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> FYI: I tried the following: mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb1 But got this error: mdadm: add new device failed for /dev/sdb1 as 2: Invalid argument Output of mdadm --detail /dev/md0 is: /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Sat Dec 29 17:09:45 2012 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 1464710976 (1396.86 GiB 1499.86 GB) Used Dev Size : 1464710976 (1396.86 GiB 1499.86 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Nov 7 15:55:07 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Name : lia:0 (local to host lia) UUID : eb302d19:ff70c7bf:401d63af:ed042d59 Events : 26216 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 0 0 1 removed

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  • Is it better to always copy and delete, rather than move?

    - by nbolton
    Generally speaking, I find myself panicking when I realise that if I cancel a file move, it could cause the target or source to be incomplete. This question applies to Windows and Unix-based platforms. I can never remember exactly how the move command works in either case. For example, if you're moving a directory; does it copy the entire directory, then delete it after, or does it copy then delete each file individually? I always realise after typing something like, mv verybigdir dest that I really should have typed cp -R verybigdir dest && rm verybigdir (where the && operator only moves to the next command if the first was successful) -- or is this pointless? What happens exactly when I press Ctrl+C half way through a move? Likewise, what exactly happens on Windows when I press the cancel button? I can't count the number of times I've moved something (the last time was when using svn) and had two directories, with split contents. I guess the answer is difficult, because not all applications move groups of files in the same way.

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  • Safe use of Update-FormatData?

    - by Steve B
    In a custom PowerShell module, I have at the top of my module definition this code: Update-FormatData -AppendPath (Join-Path $psscriptroot "*.ps1xml") This is working fine as all .ps1xml files are loaded. However, the module is sometimes loaded using Import-Module MyModule -Force (actually, this is in the install script of the module). In this case, the call to Update-FormatData fails with this error : Update-FormatData : There were errors in loading the format data file: Microsoft.PowerShell, c:\pathto\myfile.Types.ext.ps1xml : File skipped because it was already present from "Microsoft.PowerShell". At line:1 char:18 + Update-FormatData <<<< -AppendPath "c:\pathto\myfile.Types.ext.ps1xml" + CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [Update-FormatData], RuntimeException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : FormatXmlUpateException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.UpdateFormatDataCommand Is there a way to safely call this command? I know I can call Update-FormatData with no parameters, and it will update any known .ps1xml file, but this would work only if the file has already been loaded. Can I list somewhere the loaded format data files? Here is a bit of background: I'm building a custom module that is installed using a script. The install script looks like : [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess=$true,ConfirmImpact="High")] param() process { $target = Join-Path $PSHOME "Modules\MyModule" if ($pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("$target","Deploying MyModule module")) { if(!(Test-Path $target)) { new-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $target | Out-Null } get-ChildItem -Path (Split-Path ((Get-Variable MyInvocation -Scope 0).Value).MyCommand.Path) | copy-Item -Destination $target -Force Write-Host -ForegroundColorWhite @" The module has been installed. You can import it using : Import-Module MyModule Or you can add it in your profile ($profile) "@ Write-Warning "To refresh any open PowerShell session, you should run ""Import-Module MyModule -Force"" to reload the module" Import-Module MyModule -Force Write-Warning "This session has been refreshed." } } MyModule defines, as first statement, this line : Update-FormatData -AppendPath (Join-Path $psscriptroot "*.ps1xml") As I updated my $profile to always load this module, the Update-Path command has been called when I run the install script. In the install script, I force import the module, which be fire again the module, and then, the Update-Path call

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  • Sending same email through two different accounts on different domains using Outlook 2010

    - by bot
    I am a programmer and don't have experience in Outlook configurations. Our company has two email domains namely xyz.com and xyz.biz. Each employee has an email id on one of these domains but not both depending on the project they are working on. The problem we are facing is that when a communication email is sent from the Accounts, HR, Admin, etc departments, they need to send the email twice. Once through the xyz.com account to all employees with an email address on xyz.com and once through xyz.biz to all employees with an email address on xyz.biz. I am not sure why they have to send two separate emails but the IT team has directed all departments to do so as there is no other solution according to them. Even though two different groups have been created, sending an email to employees in a group of xyz.biz from xyz.com does not seem to work. I want to know if Outlook provides a feature such that we can configure some kind of rules to send an email through an id on xyz.com to all users on xyz.com and the same email gets sent automatically to users on xyz.biz through an id on xyz.biz. The only technical details I know is that we are using Exchange 2003 and the IT team claims that this is a limitation causing the problem. Edit: Our company is split into two main divisions depending on the type of projects. I am pretty sure I use domain XYZ wheras the employees in the other division use the doman ABC to log in into the windows machine or outlook itself. Also, employees in domain XYZ can access the machines on the network in domain ABC but not the other way around

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  • Running computer from separate room

    - by Dan
    I want my computer to be in the basement, but to use it on the first floor. Which cables should I run through the floor? Can some be wireless or other methods? Here are some of the options I've thought of: Basic: Run DVI, usb (mouse), usb (keyboard), and audio cable (4 cables) USB Hub option: Run DVI, and 1 usb, then using a usb hub split it into mouse, keyboard, maybe even audio (2-3 cables) HDMI Option: If I get a new video card and monitor that supports HDMI, would I be able to run both audio and video through it? Would the monitor have to have an audio out? Also there is a lot of extra bandwidth in the HDMI cables, could I send two monitors on 1 cable or would I have to use 2 cables? How about sending mouse/keyboard through the HDMI cable? I see a lot of monitors with USB hubs built in, but I assume I'd still have to wire HDMI + 1 USB cable to use the USB hubs? X Terminal Machine/Thin Client: I don't really know much about this option. Not sure if it would allow me to run graphics acceleration and watch movies, does anyone know more details about what this would allow me to do? Other options: Any other ways to do this? Can any of this be wireless?

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  • Windows 7 Media Center: sometimes no sound on a TV channel

    - by torbengb
    Problem Sometimes, recorded TV shows have no sound. This is of course very annoying because the recorded show is worthless. Also, when switching channels while watching live TV, sometimes a channel has no sound. This is always solved by switching channel again and then back (most often, once will do the trick). Media Center doesn't do this trick by itself when recording of course, so that's the bigger issue - but the cause is certainly the same. Details The computer is running a newly installed Windows 7 and Windows Media Center. It has 2 different tuner-cards installed. Both are installed with signed and up-to-date Win7 drivers and appear OK in Device Manager. Both tuners get the same antenna signal, from a split cable from the wall. The cable delivers analog cable TV (40+ channels) and digital cable TV (4 channels) at the same time. Both tuners have been configured to receive both analog and digital channels. This only happens with analog channels. How can I fix the no-sound problem? Update: I've now spent some time with the computer to try and pinpoint the problem, but I've had little success so far: I flipped through the channels until one didn't have sound, then I disconnected the antenna cable from one of the tuners. It was the right one because then the video also went away. I flipped lots more channels to see if the other card also would come up mute once but I never had a channel without sound. It might still be possible, I don't know. Then I disconnected the "good" tuner and connected the "bad" tuner and again flipped lots of channels but again I never had a channel without sound. It seems to me that the problem is erratic. It happens on any channel, and I haven't ruled out yet that it only happens on one tuner.

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  • Windows Vista freezes

    - by Kakurady
    Windows Vista (32-bit) would randomly freeze on my computer, usually 15-30 minutes after login but can happen just after login. All applications would stop responding and the hard drive will not make any sound, and after a while, the mouse cursor will also stop moving. I dual-boot Ubuntu, and that still works fine. It started with the computer freezing when loading Team Fortress 2. Alt-Tab and Ctrl-Alt-Del have no effect, and the hard drive does not make any sound. I tried to verify the game data using Steam and that freezes the computer too. So I stupidly reinstalled the game. Now the game doesn't freeze when it starts, but instead the whole computer randomly freezes. This computer is a Dell XPS M1530 with a 320GB (298GiB) drive (WDC WD3200BEVT-7) split 5-ways, with Windows and Linux a partition each, one more for Linux swap space, and another two partitions for Dell diagnostic program and factory image and drivers. There was once where the hard drive would make clicking noises all day, and only stopped when I rebooted the computer. Since then, the BIOS diagnostics would fail the drive (for "self-test log contains previous errors") whenever ran. (The on-disk diagnostics cannot be run because I overwrote the MBR with GRUB.) Naturally, I thought the hard drive could be the problem. CHKDSK found one bad sector, but this seems to have no effect. System File Checker found two protected files with wrong hashes, one is some kind of IE manifest, and the other is a tcpmon.ini. Neither of them can be restored because their back up copy also have wrong hashes. Nothing about system failures in the event viewer. What should I do next?

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  • Unix sort 10x slower with keys specified

    - by KenFar
    My data: It's a 71 MB file with 1.5 million rows. It has 6 fields, four of which are strings of avg. 15 characters, two are integers. Three of the fields are sometimes empty. All six fields combine to form a unique key - and that's what I need to sort on. Sort statement: sort -t ',' -k1,1 -k2,2 -k3,3 -k4,4 -k5,5 -k6,6 -o a_out.csv a_in.csv The problem: If I sort without keys, it takes 30 seconds. If I sort with keys, it takes 660 seconds. I need to sort with keys to keep this generic and useful for other files that have non-key fields as well. The 30 second timing is fine, but the 660 is a killer. I could theoretically move the temp directory to SSD, and/or split the file into 4 parts, sort them separately (in parallel) then merge the results, etc. But I'm hoping for something simpler since these results are so bad as-is. Any suggestions?

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  • Why just splitting an Ethernet cable does not work?

    - by Sin Jeong-hun
    I thought the Ethernet is logically one-line communication bus (for argument's sake, I am excluding hubs). All machines attached in the bus hears the same signals and the machines themselves try to avoid collisions by randomly backing off. http://computer.howstuffworks.com/ethernet6.htm If so, why splitting one Ethernet line from my home router into two and connecting two computers would not work? Why do I have to add a switch to it? *What the Internet said would not work. [4 port home router] ------[one Ethernet cable]-----[simple splitter]======[two computers] *What the Internet said I should do [4 port home router] ------[one Ethernet cable]-----[switch]======[two computers] Is this because of the signal degradation (reduced electric current)? Thank you for all the answers! The reason why I did not just use the two ports of my home router is... The 4-port gigabit router is in my room and I had put a computer in another room (also my room, though). Since wired network is far more reliable and secure, I had bought a long Ethernet cable and and connected the computer to the router. Now I was thinking about adding another computer to that room. I could buy another long Ethernet cable, but then there will be two cables between the rooms. The one line already is a minor annoyance, so I thought if I could share the one line between the two computers in that room. A switch would work, but it requires power and is a little bit pricey. That is why I wondered why it would not work to simply split the physical Ethernet cable. Apparently I do not completely understand how Ethernet and a switch work. I just have some bit of knowledge I heard in my college class.

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  • The script not working as expected files dump path

    - by user3319390
    I have a script needs to be dump matching cname from my file contains and then matching scode to dump file to $cname/$year/$month/$day/ into files like access and error logs #!/bin/sh #base_dir="/home/vizion/Desktop" path="/home/vizion/Desktop/adn_DF9D_20140515_0005.log" name=$(basename "$path" ".log") for x in *.log; do year=${x:9:4}; month=${x:13:2}; day=${x:15:2}; done while read -r line do cname=$(echo ${line} | awk '{split($7,c,"/"); print c[3]}') scode=$(echo ${line} | awk -F"[ ]" '{print $9}') [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day/" [[ ( ${scode} -ge 200 ) && ( ${scode} -le 399 ) ]] && { # [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day/" echo ${line} >> /home/vizion/Desktop/$cname/$year/$month/$day/${cname}_${name}_access.log } [[ ( ${scode} -ge 400 ) && ( ${scode} -le 599 ) ]] && { [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day" echo ${line} >> ${cname}_${name}_error.log } done < $path i am able to filter logs but not not dumping the exact location It's going other locations suggest to me correction in script

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  • 3-4 old computers = general purpose cluster?

    - by TheLQ
    I have 3 old computers lying around right now running a P2 at 800 MHz(?), Intel Mobile 1.6 GHz, AMD Athlon XP 2000+ at 1.66 GHz, and (might not use this) P4 at 2.7 GHz, all with 512 MB Ram, and am considering clustering them together for fun/knowledge. They would be running an undecided version of linux, preferably ubuntu based. The issue is what I want to use it for: general computing and occasional video encoding. By general computing I mean day to day tasks. However I'm not sure if every program started by a single X session is going to exist on the same machine, defeating the purpose of such a system. Will programs be split up or exist on one machine? Second, assuming this is running 100baseT ethernet (not sure if the PCI slot itself could handle Gigabit), would the speed of having a program exist over the network be an issue? It seems that the constant asking of various things in RAM would be quite slow. And before you say "buy another computer!", that's not the point of this question. I'm asking would it be usable, not necessarily practical. And yes I know, this is going to be extreamly power consuming.

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  • Are there tools available for trimming PDF margins?

    - by Charles Duffy
    I have an ebook I'm trying to read in PDF format on a Kindle. Unfortunately, the page headers and footers have some content (page number and copyright info, respectively) preventing the device from scaling the actual text to match its usable area viewing area, thus leaving the actual content too small to read. Various tools are available which will trim off whitespace, but the Kindle already does this; my goal, by contrast, is to remove printed matter outside of a defined bounding box, and the only tool I've found for the purpose is moderately expensive commercial software. I could probably generate a mask in Inkscape; split out the individual pages using pdftk, apply the mask to each page individually (outputting to postscript), and recombine the numerous postscript files into a single PDF. However, this decode/reencode steps would be pretty unfortunate in terms of document size; something able to operate with a bit more finesse would be ideal. I have all major operating systems handy (Windows, several modern Linux distros, a Mac, etc) so solutions don't need to be constrained by platform. Suggestions? (I've reported the issue to the author, who mentioned it to his editor, who hasn't done anything about the issue over the course of more than a month, making the zero-work approach evidently nonproductive).

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  • Moving Images from Database to File System

    - by msarchet
    So currently in our system we have been storing image files in the database (SQL Express 2005). Unfortunately it wasn't perceived that this would reach the max database size allowed by the SQL Express License. So I have proposed a plan of storing the images in the file system and only indexing where the file is in the database. The plan is to save the root path in our OptionsTable as something like ImagesRoot and then only saving the actual imageID in the table, which is basically a FK from the PK of the record with the image. I have determined that it would be best to then split this down into sub-directories inside of the ImagesRoot based on every 1000 images so basically (ImagedID / 1000)\(ImageID % 1000) (e.g. ImageID is 1999 it would be in %ImageRoot%\1\999). I'm looking for any potential pitfalls of this system and any thing that could be improved as I am already receiving some resistance from the owner of the company who wants everything to be in databases. Along those lines I would also take reasons why it should all be in databases. I should mention we have in place already automated backups that run for all of our customers databases and any files that are generated by our program that are required to be saved over a period of time These are optional but if someone isn't using our system it is expected that they are using their own or data loss isn't our problem (it is if our system fails and they are using it!). Thanks

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