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• Best peer-to-peer game architecture

  - by Dejw

  Consider a setup where game clients: have quite small computing resources (mobile devices, smartphones) are all connected to a common router (LAN, hotspot etc) The users want to play a multiplayer game, without an external server. One solution is to host an authoritative server on one phone, which in this case would be also a client. Considering point 1 this solution is not acceptable, since the phone's computing resources are not sufficient. So, I want to design a peer-to-peer architecture that will distribute the game's simulation load among the clients. Because of point 2 the system needn't be complex with regards to optimization; the latency will be very low. Each client can be an authoritative source of data about himself and his immediate environment (for example bullets.) What would be the best approach to designing such an architecture? Are there any known examples of such a LAN-level peer-to-peer protocol? Notes: Some of the problems are addressed here, but the concepts listed there are too high-level for me. Security I know that not having one authoritative server is a security issue, but it is not relevant in this case as I'm willing to trust the clients. Edit: I forgot to mention: it will be a rather fast-paced game (a shooter). Also, I have already read about networking architectures at Gaffer on Games.

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• Dealing with bad/incomplete/unclear specifications?

  - by eagerMoose

  I'm working on a project where our dev team gets the specifications from the business part of the company. Both the business management and the IT management require estimates and deadline projections, as they should. The good thing is that estimates are mostly made by the actual developers who get to do the required features. The bad thing is that the specifications are usually either too simple (it turns out you're left with a lot of question marks over your head because a lot of information seems to be missing) or too complex(up to the point that you can't even visualize where everything would "fit" in the app). More often than not, the business part of the specs are either incomplete or unaware of what can and can't be done (given the previously implemented business logic). Dev team is given about a day per new spec to give an estimate and we do try to clear uncertainties, usually by meeting up with whoever did the spec. Most of the times it turns out that spec writers haven't really thought everything through, and it's usually only when we start designing and developing that we end up in trouble, as a lot of the spec seems to have holes. How do you deal with this? Are you generous on estimates in advance?

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• Making Modular, Reusable and Loosely Coupled MVC Components

  - by Dusan

  I am building MVC3 application and need some general guidelines on how to manage complex client side interaction between my components. Here is my definition of one component in general way: Component which has it's own controller, model and view. All of the component's logic is placed inside these three parts and component is sort of "standalone", it contains it's own form, data needed for interaction, updates itself with Ajax and so on. Beside this internal logic and behavior of the component, it needs to be able to "Talk" to the outside world. By this I mean it should provide data and events (sort of) so when this component gets embedded in pages can notify other components which then can update based on the current state and data. I have an idea to use client ViewModel (in java-script) which would hookup all relevant components on page and control interaction between them. This would make components reusable, modular - independent of the context in which they are used. How would you do this, I am a bit stuck as I do not know if this is a good approach and there is a technical possibility to achieve this using java-script/jquery. The confusing part is about update via Ajax, how to ensure that component is properly linked to ViewModel when component is Ajax updated (or even worse removed or dynamically added). Also, how should this ViewModel be constructed and which technicalities to use here and in components to work as synergy??? On the web, I have found the various examples of the similar approach, but they are oversimplified (even for dummies) or over specific and do not provide valuable resource or general solution for this kind of implementation. If you have some serious examples it would be, also, very helpful. Note: My aim is to make interactions between many components on the same page simpler and more robust and elegant.

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• What kind of physics to choose for our arcade 3D MMO?

  - by Nick

  We're creating an action MMO using Three.js (WebGL) with an arcadish feel, and implementing physics for it has been a pain in the butt. Our game has a terrain where the character will walk on, and in the future 3D objects (a house, a tree, etc) that will have collisions. In terms of complexity, the physics engine should be like World of Warcraft. We don't need friction, bouncing behaviour or anything more complex like joints, etc. Just gravity. I have managed to implement terrain physics so far by casting a ray downwards, but it does not take into account possible 3D objects. Note that these 3D objects need to have convex collisions, so our artists create a 3D house and the player can walk inside but can't walk through the walls. How do I implement proper collision detection with 3D objects like in World of Warcraft? Do I need an advanced physics engine? I read about Physijs which looks cool, but I fear that it may be overkill to implement that for our game. Also, how does WoW do it? Do they have a separate raycasting system for the terrain? Or do they treat the terrain like any other convex mesh? A screenshot of our game so far:

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• Leveraging Code Across Platforms in Ever Bigger Games

  - by ashes999

  Summary: The same way that I continually build complex engines and libraries within a single platform and technology to allow me to build increasingly bigger and better games, how to continue this when development crosses into different platforms? If I switch platforms, how do I leverage past code and experiences? Games are hard to build. Big games are even harder to build. I've decided that to be able to make big games, I need to start building smaller games, and building up an asset base of code, assets (graphics, sounds), tools, and most importantly, game engines, so that I can eventually get there. One game at a time. Let me give an analogy. To build an MMO 3D RPG, I would approach this by building and releasing small games with increasingly more features. This could entail, for example: A simple 2D game A tile-based game A game with RPG elements (items, equipment, monsters, battle) A full-fledged RPG A 3D RPG The problem now is if I have to change platforms or tools, I don't know how to leverage past code-bases (and experience) to start with a mature product. Right now, I'm writing Silverlight (FlatRedBall) games. Let's say I stick with this for ten years, and then suddenly decide to write a PS6 game, which is in a different programming language entirely. Granted, I have ten years of game-development experience (and correspondingly ten years of professional software development experience from my day job) to back me up. But I would still like some way to transplant that 2D RPG engine into the new programming language, or else leverage it somehow. Is this even possible? What are my options?

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• Best Method of function parameter validation

  - by Aglystas

  I've been dabbling with the idea of creating my own CMS for the experience and because it would be fun to run my website off my own code base. One of the decisions I keep coming back to is how best to validate incoming parameters for functions. This is mostly in reference to simple data types since object validation would be quite a bit more complex. At first I debated creating a naming convention that would contain information about what the parameters should be, (int, string, bool, etc) then I also figured I could create options to validate against. But then in every function I still need to run some sort of parameter validation that parses the parameter name to determine what the value can be then validate against it, granted this would be handled by passing the list of parameters to function but that still needs to happen and one of my goals is to remove the parameter validation from the function itself so that you can only have the actual function code that accomplishes the intended task without the additional code for validation. Is there any good way of handling this, or is it so low level that typically parameter validation is just done at the start of the function call anyway, so I should stick with doing that.

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• Unit testing and Test Driven Development questions

  - by Theomax

  I'm working on an ASP.NET MVC website which performs relatively complex calculations as one of its functions. This functionality was developed some time ago (before I started working on the website) and defects have occurred whereby the calculations are not being calculated properly (basically these calculations are applied to each user which has certain flags on their record etc). Note; these defects have only been observed by users thus far, and not yet investigated in code while debugging. My questions are: Because the existing unit tests all pass and therefore do not indicate that the defects that have been reported exist; does this suggest the original code that was implemented is incorrect? i.e either the requirements were incorrect and were coded accordingly or just not coded as they were supposed to be coded? If I use the TDD approach, would I disgregard the existing unit tests as they don't show there are any problems with the calculations functionality - and I start by making some failing unit tests which test/prove there are these problems occuring, and then add code to make them pass? Note; if it's simply a bug that is occurring that can be found while debugging the code, do the unit tests need to be updated since they are already passing?

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• Microeconomical simulation: coordination/planning between self-interested trading agents

  - by Milton Manfried

  In a typical perfect-information strategy game like Chess, an agent can calculate its best move by searching the state tree for the best possible move, while assuming that the opponent will also make the best possible move (i.e. Mini-max). I would like to use this approach in a "game" modeling economic activity, where the possible "moves" would be to buy or sell for a given price, and the goal, rather than a specific class of states (e.g. Checkmate), would be to maximize some function F of the agent's state (e.g. F(money, widget) = 10*money + widget). How to handle buy/sell actions that require coordination between both parties, at the very least agreement upon a price? The cheap way out would be to set the price beforehand, maybe based upon the current supply -- but the idea of this simulation is to examine how prices emerge when freely determined by "perfectly rational" agents. A great example of what I do not want is the trading algorithm in SugarScape -- paraphrasing from Growing Artificial Societies p101-102: when a pair of agents interact to trade, they each compute their internal valuations of the goods, then a bargaining process is conducted and a price is agreed to. If this price makes both agents better off, they complete the transaction The protocol itself is beautiful, but what it cannot capture (as far as I can tell) is the ability for an agent to pay more than it might otherwise for a good, because it knows that it can sell it for even more at a later date -- what appears to be called "strategic thinking" in this pape at Google Books Multi-Agent-Based Simulation III: 4th International Workshop, MABS 2003... to get realistic behavior like that, it seems one would either (1) have to build an outrageously-complex internal valuation system which could at best only cover situations that were planned for at compile-time, or otherwise (2) have some mechanism to search the state tree... which would require some way of planning future trades. Note: The chess analogy only works as far as the state-space search goes; the simulation isn't intended to be "zero sum", so a literal mini-max search wouldn't be appropriate -- and ideally, it should work with more than two agents.

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• ArchBeat Link-o-Rama for 2012-09-12

  - by Bob Rhubart

  15 Lessons from 15 Years as a Software Architect | Ingo Rammer In this presentation from the GOTO Conference in Copenhagen, Ingo Rammer shares 15 tips regarding people, complexity and technology that he learned doing software architecture for 15 years. Adding a runtime picker to a taskflow parameter in WebCenter | Yannick Ongena Oracle ACE Yannick Ongena shows how to create an Oracle WebCenter popup to allow users to "select items or do more complex things." Oracle Identity Manager 11g R2 Catalog | Daniel Gralewski Oracle Fusion Middleware A-Team blogger Daniel Gralewski shares a detailed overview of the new Catalog feature, one of the most talked about features in the latest release of Oracle Identity Manager 11g. Cloud API and service designers, stop thinking small | Cloud Computing - InfoWorld "The focus must shift away from fine-grained APIs that provide some type of primitive service, such as pushing data to a block of storage or perhaps making a request to a cloud-rooted database," says InfoWorld's David Linthicum. "To go beyond primitives, you must understand how these services should be used in a much larger architectural context. In other words, you need to understand how businesses will employ these services to form real workplace solutions -- inside and outside the enterprise." Oracle Solaris 8 P2V with Oracle database 10.2 and ASM | Orgad Kimchi Orgad Kimchi's technical post illustrates the migration of "a Solaris 8 physical system, with Oracle database version 10.2.0.5 with ASM file-system located on a SAN storage, into a Solaris 8 branded zone inside a Solaris 10 guest domain on top of a Solaris 11 control domain." Thought for the Day "The hardest single part of building a software system is deciding precisely what to build. " — Fred Brooks Source: SoftwareQuotes.com

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• How to add a new developer to the team

  - by lortabac

  I run a small company composed of only 2 developers. For one of our clients we are building a very big application, whose development has gone on for 1.5 years. Now this client has found an important sponsorship, and they are organizing some events related to this project, so we have a deadline in 2 months and we can't miss it. We are thinking of adding a new developer to the team, and I am wondering what we can do to help his integration. This is the situation: We are approaching the threshhold of Brooks's law, the point when adding new developers will be counter-productive. The application is relatively well designed, but the implementation is chaotic in some points (especially older code). There are unit tests only for more recent code. When this project started, we didn't have the habit of doing tests. Documentation and comments are incomplete. The application is both large and complex. The client has written down almost every detail about his project, in a very clear and "programmer-friendly" way. Is it a good idea to add a person now? If so, what can we do in order to help the new developer integrate into the team?

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• How can I design good continuous (seamless) tiles?

  - by Mikalichov

  I have trouble designing tiles so that when assembled, they don't look like tiles, but look like a homogeneous thing. For example, see the image below: Even though the main part of the grass is only one tile, you don't "see" the grid; you know where it is if you look a bit carefully, but it is not obvious. Whereas when I design tiles, you can only see "oh, jeez, 64 times the same tile," like in this image: (I took this from another GDSE question, sorry; not be critical of the game, but it proves my point. And actually has better tile design that what I manage, anyway.) I think the main problem is that I design them so they are independent, there is no junction between two tiles if put closed to each other. I think having the tiles more "continuous" would have a smoother effect, but can't manage to do it, it seems overly complex to me. I think it is probably simpler than I think once you know how to do it, but couldn't find a tutorial on that specific point. Is there a known method to design continuous / homogeneous tiles? (My terminology might be totally wrong, don't hesitate to correct me.)

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• Oracle E-Business Suite is Helping to Save Lives at the National Marrow Donor Program

  - by Di Seghposs

  To improve the management of its life-saving operations, the National Marrow Donor Program recently modernized its financial and procurement operations by upgrading to Oracle E-Business Suite 12.1.   As the global leader in bone marrow and umbilical cord blood transplants, the NMDP manages a complex ecosystem of donor, patient, hospital, and biological data. “Maintaining accurate data and having an efficient matching process is essential, particularly as our global database of bone marrow patients grows and donor lists expand,” says Bruce Schmaltz, director of finance/controller. “We rely on the Oracle E-Business Suite to ensure our procurement and financial management processes meet the highest standards, enabling our growing non-profit to work swiftly and efficiently to help improve and save lives.” As the non-profit organization and its registry grew larger, NMDP needed a modern platform to store and integrate its financial information and complicated procurement process. It selected Oracle E-Business Suite for its ability to fit seamlessly into NMDP’s enterprise architecture. NMDP initially implemented Oracle E-Business Suite release 12 by leveraging Oracle Business Accelerators, which are rapid implementation tools and templates that help reduce implementation time and costs. With Oracle Financial Management and Oracle Procurement, NMDP has streamlined back-office processes and integrated its procure-to-pay business processes by leveraging industry leading accounts payable, accounts receivable, and general ledger modules. NMDP is currently rolling out Oracle Hyperion Performance Management applications and plans to implement Oracle Order Management and Oracle Advanced Pricing by the end of 2012. Read more details about NMDP’s modernization efforts.  For more updates on Oracle Financial Management Solutions, view our November 2012 Oracle Information InDepth Financial Management newsletter. Subscribe Now. 

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• Regulation of the software industry

  - by Flexo

  Every few years someone proposes tighter regulation for the software industry. This IEEE article has been getting some attention lately on the subject. If software engineers who write programs for systems that expose the public to physical or financial risk knew they would be tested on their competence, the thinking goes, it would reduce the flaws and failures in code—and maybe save a few lives in the bargain. I'm skeptical about the value and merit of this. To my mind it looks like a land grab by those that proposed it. The quote that clinches that for me is: The exam will test for basic knowledge, not mastery of subject matter because the big failures (e.g. THERAC-25) seem to be complex, subtle issues that "basic knowledge" would never be sufficient to prevent. Ignoring any local issues (such as existing protections of the title Engineer in some jurisdictions): The aims are noble - avoid the quacks/charlatans1 and make that distinction more obvious to those that buy their software. Can tighter regulation of the software industry ever achieve it's original goal? 1 Exactly as regulation of the medical profession was intended to do.

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• How to REALLY start thinking in terms of objects?

  - by Mr Grieves

  I work with a team of developers who all have several years of experience with languages such as C# and Java. Most of them are young enough to have been shown OOP as a standard way to develop software in university and are very comfortable with concepts such as inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation and polymorphism. Yet, many of them, and I have to include myself, still tend to create classes which are meant to be used in a very functional fashion. The resulting software is often several smaller classes which correctly represent business objects which get passed through larger classes which only supply ways to modify and use those objects (functions). Large complex difficult-to-maintain classes named Manager are usually the result of such behaviour. I can see two theoretical reasons why people might write this type of code: It's easy to start thinking of everything in terms of the database Deep down, for me, a computer handling a web request feels more like a functional operation than an object oriented operation when you think about Request Handlers, Threads, Processes, CPU Cores and CPU operations... I want source code which is easy to read and easy to modify. I have seen excellent examples of OO code which meet these objectives. How can I start writing code like this? How I can I really start thinking in an object oriented fashion? How can I share such a mentality with my colleagues?

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• Is the development of CLI apps considered "backwards"?

  - by user61852

  I am a DBA fledgling with a lot of experience in programming. I have developed several CLI, non interactive apps that solve some daily repetitive tasks or eliminate the human error from more complex albeit not so daily tasks. These tools are now part of our tool box. I find CLI apps are great because you can include them in an automated workflow. Also the Unix philosophy of doing a single thing but doing it well, and letting the output of a process be the input of another, is a great way of building a set of tools than would consolidate into an strategic advantage. My boss recently commented that developing CLI tools is "backwards", or constitutes a "regression". I told him I disagreed, because most CLI tools that exist now are not legacy but are live projects with improved versions being released all the time. Is this kind of development considered "backwards" in the market? Does it look bad on a rèsumè? I also considered all solutions whether they are web or desktop, should have command line, non-interactive options. Some people consider this a waste of programming resources. Is this goal a worthy one in a software project?

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• Functional programming compared to OOP with classes

  - by luckysmack

  I have been interested in some of the concepts of functional programming lately. I have used OOP for some time now. I can see how I would build a fairly complex app in OOP. Each object would know how to do things that object does. Or anything it's parents class does as well. So I can simply tell Person().speak() to make the person talk. But how do I do similar things in functional programming? I see how functions are first class items. But that function only does one specific thing. Would I simply have a say() method floating around and call it with an equivalent of Person() argument so I know what kind of thing is saying something? So I can see the simple things, just how would I do the comparable of OOP and objects in functional programming, so I can modularize and organize my code base? For reference, my primary experience with OOP is Python, PHP, and some C#. The languages that I am looking at that have functional features are Scala and Haskell. Though I am leaning towards Scala. Basic Example (Python): Animal(object): def say(self, what): print(what) Dog(Animal): def say(self, what): super().say('dog barks: {0}'.format(what)) Cat(Animal): def say(self, what): super().say('cat meows: {0}'.format(what)) dog = Dog() cat = Cat() dog.say('ruff') cat.say('purr')

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• Best practice for combining a Java Applet/ Android interface?

  - by Pearsonartphoto

  I'm working on an online game, which I am seriously considering writing a Java Applet for it. The game is not overly complex on the features. I'm considering at some point having at least 3 versions of the game, which include a Java stand alone, applet, and Android game. I know from Design Patterns that the best way to use differing things like buttons and the like is to use a Bridge interface, where I have a common template for the common buttons. However, I'm having a bit of difficulty understanding what to do about the following. I know that Android programs use an Activity structure, which I am well familiar with, and that Applets extend the Applet interface, which I am not as familiar with. I also know that a stand alone java program uses basically a main() function, which doesn't have much structure. I'm convinced that there should be a way to design a common design pattern between the two, but somehow I'm missing what that is exactly. What can I do to make the different frameworks work with as much common code as possible?

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• XPath & XML EDI B2B

  - by PearlFactory

  GoodToGo :) Best XML Editor is Altova XMLSpy 2011 http://www.torrenthound.com/hash/bfdbf55baa4ca6f8e93464c9a42cbd66450bb950/torrent-info/Altova-XMLSpy-Enterprise-Edition-SP1-2011-v13-0-1-0-h33t-com-Full For whatever reason Piratebay has trojans and other nasties..Search in torrent.eu for Altova XMLSpy Enterprise Edition SP1 2011 v13.0.1.0 Also if you like the product purchase it in a Commercial Enviroment Any well structured/complex XML can be parsed @ the speed of light using XPATH querys and not the C# objects XPathNodeIterator and others etc ....Never do loops  or Genirics or whatever highlevel language technology. Use the power of XPATH i.e Will use a Simple (Do while) as an example. We could have many different techs all achieveing the same result Instead of   xmlNI2 = xmlNav.Select("/p:BookShop")         if (xmlNI2.Count != 0)            {                                 while ((xmlNI2.MoveNext()))              string aNode =xmlNI2.SelectSingleNode('Book', nsmgr); if (aNode =="The Book I am after")       Console.WriteLine("Found My Book);   This lengthy cumbersome task can be achieved with a simple XPATH query Console.WriteLine((xmlNavg.SelectSingleNode("/p:BookShop/Book[.='The Book I am aFter ']", nsmgr)).Value.ToString()); Use the power of the parser and eliminate the middleman C#/MSIL/JIT etc etc Get Started Fast and use the parser as Outlined 1) Open XML and goto Grid Mode 2) Select XPATH tab on the bottom viewer/window as shown  From here you get intellisense and can quickly learn how to navigate/find the data using XPATH A key component to Navigation with XPATH is to use the "../ " command . This basically says from where I am now go up 1 level . With Xpath all commands are cumalative. i.e you can search for a book title @ the 2nd level of the XML and from there traverse 15 layers to paragraphs or words on a page with expression validation occuring throughout this process etc  (So in essence you may have arrived @ a node within the XML and have met 15 conditions along the way ) Given 1-2 days with XmlSpy and XPATH you unlock a technology that is super fast and simple to use. XML is a core component to what lays under the hood of so many techs. So it is no wonder that you want to be able to goto  the atomic level to achieve the result you want Justin P.S For a long time I saw XML as slow and a bit boring but now converted

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• AllSparkCube Packs 4,096 LEDs into a Giant Computer Controlled Display

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  LED matrix cubes are nothing new, but this 16x16x16 monster towers over the tiny 4x4x4 desktop variety. Check out the video to see it in action. Sound warning: the music starts off very loud and bass-filled; we’d recommend turning down the speakers if you’re watching from your cube. So what compels someone to build a giant LED cube driven by over a dozen Arduino shields? If you’re the employees at Adaptive Computing, you do it to dazzles crowds and show off your organizational skills: Every time I talk about the All Spark Cube people ask “so what does it do?” The features of the All Spark are the reason it was built and sponsored by Adaptive Computing. The Cube was built to catch peoples’ attention and to demonstrate how Adaptive can take a chaotic mess and inject order, structure and efficiency. We wrote several examples of how the All Spark Cube can demonstrate the effectiveness of a complex data center. If you’re interested in building a monster of your own, hit up the link below for more information, schematics, and videos. How Hackers Can Disguise Malicious Programs With Fake File Extensions Can Dust Actually Damage My Computer? What To Do If You Get a Virus on Your Computer

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• Can Dungeons & Dragons Make You More Successful? [Video]

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Dungeons & Dragons gets a bit of a bad rap in popular culture, but in this video treatise from Idea Channel, they propose that Dungeons & Dragons wires players for success. There are some deeply ingrained stereotypes about Dungeons & Dragons, and those stereotypes usually begin and end with people shouting “NERD!!!” But the reality of the D&D universe is a whole lot more complex. Rather than being an escape from reality, D&D is actually a way to enhance some important real life skillz! It’s a chance to learn problem solving, visualization, interaction, organization, people management… the list could go on and on. Plus, there are some very famous non-nerds who have declared an affinity for D&D, so best stop criticizing and join in if you want to be a successful at the game of life. While we’re trying not to let our love of all things gaming cloud our judgement, we’re finding it difficult to disagree with the premise that open-ended play fosters creative and adaptive thinking. Can Dungeons & Dragons Make You A Confident & Successful Person? [via Boing Boing] HTG Explains: What is the Windows Page File and Should You Disable It? How To Get a Better Wireless Signal and Reduce Wireless Network Interference How To Troubleshoot Internet Connection Problems

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• Flash Player for IPTV

  - by Le Mystique

  Hi All, We have to design a flash player for three video sources of IPTV. Educational videos on the system that can be played on demand. (VOD or Video on Demand local) Streaming videos available on different websites that can be played on demand (VOD or Video on Demand remote) IPTV live streaming video feed Videos from three sources have to be played within single flash player that we need to design. There are 2 basic requirements: For the two VOD types, we have to provide the pause and play functionality. For IPTV, pause and play is not required, However, channel switching time is critically important here. The user should get the program behaviour as close to TV experience as possible. This means channel switching should be fast. To provide this, buffering of video is required for multiple channels. Now the questions is, is this possible? If yes, how? Secondly, what skill set (e.g. action script 3.0 , flash 10) should the flash programmer have to be able to design this? Thirdly is it as simple as making a normal FLV player? Or is it a more complex job?

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• Data base structure of a subscriber list

  - by foodil

  I am building a application that allow different user to store the subscriber information To store the subscriber information , the user first create a list For each list, there is a ListID. Subscriber may have different attribute : email phone fax .... For each list, their setting is different , so a require_attribute table is introduced. It is a bridge between subscriber and List That store Listid ,subid , attribute, datatype That means the system have a lot of list, each user have their own list, and the list have different attribute, some list have email , phone , some may have phone, address, name mail.. And the datatype is different, some may use 'name' as integer , some may use 'name' as varchar attribute means email phone, it is to define for which list have which subscriber attribute datatype means for each attribute, what is its datatype Table :subscriber : Field :subid , name,email Table :Require Attribute: Field : Listid ,subid , attribute, datatype The attribute here is {name, email} So a simple data is Subscriber: 1 , MYname, Myemail Require Attribute : Listid , 1 , 'email', 'intger' Listid , 1 , 'name', 'varchar' I found that this kind of storage is too complex too handle with, Since the subscriber is share to every body, so if a person want to change the datatype of name, it will also affect the data of the other user. Simple error situation: Subscriber: list1, Subscriber 1 , name1, email1 list2, Subscriber 2 , name2 , email2 Require Attribute : List1 , Subscriber 1 , 'email', 'varchar', List1 , Subscriber 1 , 'name', 'varchar', Listid , Subscriber 2 , 'email', 'varchar', Listid , Subscriber 2, 'name', 'integer', if user B change the data type of name in require attribute from varchar to integer, it cause a problem. becasue list 1 is own by user A , he want the datatype is varchar, but list 2 is won by user B , he want the datatype to be integer So how can i redesign the structure?

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• What are `Developmental Milestones` for programming skills?

  - by Holmes

  I studied in the field of Computer Science for 6 years, bachelor's degree and master's degree. I have studied all the basic programming like C, Java, VB, C#, Python, and etc. When I have free times, I will learn new programming languages and follow new programming trends by myself , such as PHP, HTML5, CSS5, LESS, Bootstrap, Symfony2, and GitHub. So, if someone wants me to write some instructions using these languages, I'm certain that I can do it, not so good but I can get a job done. However, I don't have any favorite programming language. Moreover, I also have studied about algorithms, database, and etc. Everything I just wrote so far seems that I know a lot in this field. In fact, I feel I am very stupid. I cannot answer 80% of the questions on SO. In spite of those languages??, I have studied. Perhaps it is because I have never worked before. As there is the Developmental Milestones for children, which refers to how a child becomes able to do more complex things as they get older, I would like to evaluate the same thing but for programming skills. What are the set of functional skills or age-specific tasks that most programmers can do at a certain age range? In order to evaluate myself, I would like to ask your opinions that all of the skills I mentioned above, are they enough for programmers to know when they are 25 years old? What are your suggestions in order to improve the skills in this field?

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• Do you think Scala will be the dominant JVM langauge, ie be the next Java? [on hold]

  - by user1037729

  From what I've read about Scala do far I think it has some nice features but I do not think it should be "the next Java". It might however end up being the next Java (due to fashion rather than fact) but lets not hope it does not... To me adds a lot of complexity over Java which is a simple and scalable language. Scala Pattern matching allows you to perform some type/value checking in a more concise way, this is possible in Java, Scala's pattern matching has a limit to it, you cannot continuously match deeper and deeper down the object graph, so why not just stick to Java and use decent invariants? Scala provides tuples, easy enough to make in Java, create a static factory method and it all reads nicely too. Scala provides mixins, why not just use composition? I believe Scala implicit's are bad, they can lead to code becoming complex and hard to maintain, explicitness is good. Scala provides closures, well they will be in Java 8 too. Scala has lazy keyword for lazy instantiation, this is easy enough to do in Java by calling a getter which creates the instance when needed, no hidden magic here. Scala can be used with AKKA, well so can Java, there is an Java AKKA implementation. Scala offers addition functional features but these can all be created in Java, there are many frameworks with have implemented functional features in Java. All in all Scala seems to offer is addition complexity and thats it...

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• How to debug lack of sound in Asus EEE PC

  - by Kalmar

  I have an Asus EEE PC 1225B with fresh Lubuntu 12.04. And no sound. It doesn't seem to be some common problem, so I have to make some research what's up. I tried running alsamixer, so I know I have Realtek ALC269VB with nothing muted unexpectedly. What can I do next to identify and solve the problem? Additional info: alsamixer shows two cards: HD-Audio Generic and HDA ATI-SB (Realtek ALC269VB); the first one is muted. ~$ aplay ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1018:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave aplay: main:682: blad otwierania audio: Nie ma takiego pliku ani katalogu The Polish part can be translated as "error opening audio: There is no such file or directory". ~$ sudo lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio" 00:01.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Wrestler HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 6250/6310] Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 103b Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 44 Memory at feb44000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [58] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [a0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [100] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=010 <?> -- 00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) (rev 40) Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 103b Flags: bus master, slow devsel, latency 32, IRQ 16 Memory at feb40000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel

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