scott lock - Page 147 - Developer IT

Mounting a Microsoft Azure CloudDrive in a VMRole

- by SeanBarlow

Mounting a Drive in a VMRole is a little more complicated then a web or worker. The Web and Worker roles offer OnStart and OnStop events, which you can use to mount or unmount your drives. The VMRole does not have these same events so you have to provide another way for the drives to be mounted or unmounted. The problem I have run into is what if you have multiple drives and you only want to mount certain drives. How do you let your user mount the drive. I am not going to go into details on what kind of GUI to present to the user. I have done this in a simple WPF application as well as a console application. We are going to need to get the storage account details. One thing to note when you are mounting cloud drives you cannot use https and have to use http. We force the use of http by using false when we create the CloudStorageAccount. StorageCredentialsAccountAndKey credentials = new StorageCredentialsAccountAndKey("AccountName", "AccountKey"); CloudStorageAccount storageAccount = new CloudStorageAccount(credentials, false); Next we need to get a reference to the container. var blobClient = storageAccount.CreateCloudBlobClient(); var container = blobClient.GetContainerReference("ContainerName"); Now we need to get a list of the drives in the container var drives = container.ListBlobs(); Now that we have a list of the drives in the container we can let the user choose which drive they want to mount. I am just selecting the 1st drive in the list for the example and getting the Uri of the drive. var driveUri = drives.First().Uri; Now that we have the Uri we need to get the reference to the drive. var drive = new CloudDrive(driveUri, storageAccount.Credentials); Now all that is left is to mount the drive. var driveLetter = drive.Mount(0, DriveMountOptions.None); To unmount the drive all you have to do is call unmount on the drive. drive.Unmount(); You do need to make sure you unount the drives when you are done with them. I have run into issues with the drives being locked until the VMRole is rebooted. I have also managed to have a drive be permanently locked and I was forced to delete it and upload it again. I have been unable to reproduce the permanent lock but I am still trying. The CloudDrive class provides a handy method to retrieve all the mounted drives in the Role. foreach (var drive in CloudDrive.GetMountedDrives()) { var mountedDrive = Account.CreateCloudDrive(drive.Value.PathAndQuery); mountedDrive.Unmount(); }

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const vs. readonly for a singleton

- by GlenH7

First off, I understand there are folk who oppose the use of singletons. I think it's an appropriate use in this case as it's constant state information, but I'm open to differing opinions / solutions. (See The singleton pattern and When should the singleton pattern not be used?) Second, for a broader audience: C++/CLI has a similar keyword to readonly with initonly, so this isn't strictly a C# type question. (Literal field versus constant variable in C++/CLI) Sidenote: A discussion of some of the nuances on using const or readonly. My Question: I have a singleton that anchors together some different data structures. Part of what I expose through that singleton are some lists and other objects, which represent the necessary keys or columns in order to connect the linked data structures. I doubt that anyone would try to change these objects through a different module, but I want to explicitly protect them from that risk. So I'm currently using a "readonly" modifier on those objects*. I'm using readonly instead of const with the lists as I read that using const will embed those items in the referencing assemblies and will therefore trigger a rebuild of those referencing assemblies if / when the list(s) is/are modified. This seems like a tighter coupling than I would want between the modules, but I wonder if I'm obsessing over a moot point. (This is question #2 below) The alternative I see to using "readonly" is to make the variables private and then wrap them with a public get. I'm struggling to see the advantage of this approach as it seems like wrapper code that doesn't provide much additional benefit. (This is question #1 below) It's highly unlikely that we'll change the contents or format of the lists - they're a compilation of things to avoid using magic strings all over the place. Unfortunately, not all the code has converted over to using this singleton's presentation of those strings. Likewise, I don't know that we'd change the containers / classes for the lists. So while I normally argue for the encapsulations advantages a get wrapper provides, I'm just not feeling it in this case. A representative sample of my singleton public sealed class mySingl { private static volatile mySingl sngl; private static object lockObject = new Object(); public readonly Dictionary<string, string> myDict = new Dictionary<string, string>() { {"I", "index"}, {"D", "display"}, }; public enum parms { ABC = 10, DEF = 20, FGH = 30 }; public readonly List<parms> specParms = new List<parms>() { parms.ABC, parms.FGH }; public static mySingl Instance { get { if(sngl == null) { lock(lockObject) { if(sngl == null) sngl = new mySingl(); } } return sngl; } } private mySingl() { doSomething(); } } Questions: Am I taking the most reasonable approach in this case? Should I be worrying about const vs. readonly? is there a better way of providing this information?

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Using the ASP.NET Cache to cache data in a Model or Business Object layer, without a dependency on System.Web in the layer - Part One.

- by Rhames

ASP.NET applications can make use of the System.Web.Caching.Cache object to cache data and prevent repeated expensive calls to a database or other store. However, ideally an application should make use of caching at the point where data is retrieved from the database, which typically is inside a Business Objects or Model layer. One of the key features of using a UI pattern such as Model-View-Presenter (MVP) or Model-View-Controller (MVC) is that the Model and Presenter (or Controller) layers are developed without any knowledge of the UI layer. Introducing a dependency on System.Web into the Model layer would break this independence of the Model from the View. This article gives a solution to this problem, using dependency injection to inject the caching implementation into the Model layer at runtime. This allows caching to be used within the Model layer, without any knowledge of the actual caching mechanism that will be used. Create a sample application to use the caching solution Create a test SQL Server database This solution uses a SQL Server database with the same Sales data used in my previous post on calculating running totals. The advantage of using this data is that it gives nice slow queries that will exaggerate the effect of using caching! To create the data, first create a new SQL database called CacheSample. Next run the following script to create the Sale table and populate it: USE CacheSample GO CREATE TABLE Sale(DayCount smallint, Sales money) CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX ndx_DayCount ON Sale(DayCount) go INSERT Sale VALUES (1,120) INSERT Sale VALUES (2,60) INSERT Sale VALUES (3,125) INSERT Sale VALUES (4,40) DECLARE @DayCount smallint, @Sales money SET @DayCount = 5 SET @Sales = 10 WHILE @DayCount < 5000 BEGIN INSERT Sale VALUES (@DayCount,@Sales) SET @DayCount = @DayCount + 1 SET @Sales = @Sales + 15 END Next create a stored procedure to calculate the running total, and return a specified number of rows from the Sale table, using the following script: USE [CacheSample] GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO -- ============================================= -- Author: Robin -- Create date: -- Description: -- ============================================= CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[spGetRunningTotals] -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here @HighestDayCount smallint = null AS BEGIN -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from -- interfering with SELECT statements. SET NOCOUNT ON; IF @HighestDayCount IS NULL SELECT @HighestDayCount = MAX(DayCount) FROM dbo.Sale DECLARE @SaleTbl TABLE (DayCount smallint, Sales money, RunningTotal money) DECLARE @DayCount smallint, @Sales money, @RunningTotal money SET @RunningTotal = 0 SET @DayCount = 0 DECLARE rt_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT DayCount, Sales FROM Sale ORDER BY DayCount OPEN rt_cursor FETCH NEXT FROM rt_cursor INTO @DayCount,@Sales WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 AND @DayCount <= @HighestDayCount BEGIN SET @RunningTotal = @RunningTotal + @Sales INSERT @SaleTbl VALUES (@DayCount,@Sales,@RunningTotal) FETCH NEXT FROM rt_cursor INTO @DayCount,@Sales END CLOSE rt_cursor DEALLOCATE rt_cursor SELECT DayCount, Sales, RunningTotal FROM @SaleTbl END GO Create the Sample ASP.NET application In Visual Studio create a new solution and add a class library project called CacheSample.BusinessObjects and an ASP.NET web application called CacheSample.UI. The CacheSample.BusinessObjects project will contain a single class to represent a Sale data item, with all the code to retrieve the sales from the database included in it for simplicity (normally I would at least have a separate Repository or other object that is responsible for retrieving data, and probably a data access layer as well, but for this sample I want to keep it simple). The C# code for the Sale class is shown below: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; namespace CacheSample.BusinessObjects { public class Sale { public Int16 DayCount { get; set; } public decimal Sales { get; set; } public decimal RunningTotal { get; set; } public static IEnumerable<Sale> GetSales(int? highestDayCount) { List<Sale> sales = new List<Sale>(); SqlParameter highestDayCountParameter = new SqlParameter("@HighestDayCount", SqlDbType.SmallInt); if (highestDayCount.HasValue) highestDayCountParameter.Value = highestDayCount; else highestDayCountParameter.Value = DBNull.Value; string connectionStr = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager .ConnectionStrings["CacheSample"].ConnectionString; using(SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection(connectionStr)) using (SqlCommand sqlCmd = sqlConn.CreateCommand()) { sqlCmd.CommandText = "spGetRunningTotals"; sqlCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; sqlCmd.Parameters.Add(highestDayCountParameter); sqlConn.Open(); using (SqlDataReader dr = sqlCmd.ExecuteReader()) { while (dr.Read()) { Sale newSale = new Sale(); newSale.DayCount = dr.GetInt16(0); newSale.Sales = dr.GetDecimal(1); newSale.RunningTotal = dr.GetDecimal(2); sales.Add(newSale); } } } return sales; } } } The static GetSale() method makes a call to the spGetRunningTotals stored procedure and then reads each row from the returned SqlDataReader into an instance of the Sale class, it then returns a List of the Sale objects, as IEnnumerable<Sale>. A reference to System.Configuration needs to be added to the CacheSample.BusinessObjects project so that the connection string can be read from the web.config file. In the CacheSample.UI ASP.NET project, create a single web page called ShowSales.aspx, and make this the default start up page. This page will contain a single button to call the GetSales() method and a label to display the results. The html mark up and the C# code behind are shown below: ShowSales.aspx <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="ShowSales.aspx.cs" Inherits="CacheSample.UI.ShowSales" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <title>Cache Sample - Show All Sales</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <asp:Button ID="btnTest1" runat="server" onclick="btnTest1_Click" Text="Get All Sales" />     <asp:Label ID="lblResults" runat="server"></asp:Label> </div> </form> </body> </html> ShowSales.aspx.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using CacheSample.BusinessObjects; namespace CacheSample.UI { public partial class ShowSales : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } protected void btnTest1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch stopWatch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch(); stopWatch.Start(); var sales = Sale.GetSales(null); var lastSales = sales.Last(); stopWatch.Stop(); lblResults.Text = string.Format( "Count of Sales: {0}, Last DayCount: {1}, Total Sales: {2}. Query took {3} ms", sales.Count(), lastSales.DayCount, lastSales.RunningTotal, stopWatch.ElapsedMilliseconds); } } } Finally we need to add a connection string to the CacheSample SQL Server database, called CacheSample, to the web.config file: <?xmlversion="1.0"?> <configuration> <connectionStrings> <addname="CacheSample" connectionString="data source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Integrated Security=SSPI;Initial Catalog=CacheSample" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" /> </connectionStrings> <system.web> <compilationdebug="true"targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> </configuration> Run the application and click the button a few times to see how long each call to the database takes. On my system, each query takes about 450ms. Next I shall look at a solution to use the ASP.NET caching to cache the data returned by the query, so that subsequent requests to the GetSales() method are much faster. Adding Data Caching Support I am going to create my caching support in a separate project called CacheSample.Caching, so the next step is to add a class library to the solution. We shall be using the application configuration to define the implementation of our caching system, so we need a reference to System.Configuration adding to the project. ICacheProvider<T> Interface The first step in adding caching to our application is to define an interface, called ICacheProvider, in the CacheSample.Caching project, with methods to retrieve any data from the cache or to retrieve the data from the data source if it is not present in the cache. Dependency Injection will then be used to inject an implementation of this interface at runtime, allowing the users of the interface (i.e. the CacheSample.BusinessObjects project) to be completely unaware of how the caching is actually implemented. As data of any type maybe retrieved from the data source, it makes sense to use generics in the interface, with a generic type parameter defining the data type associated with a particular instance of the cache interface implementation. The C# code for the ICacheProvider interface is shown below: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace CacheSample.Caching { public interface ICacheProvider { } public interface ICacheProvider<T> : ICacheProvider { T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry); IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry); } } The empty non-generic interface will be used as a type in a Dictionary generic collection later to store instances of the ICacheProvider<T> implementation for reuse, I prefer to use a base interface when doing this, as I think the alternative of using object makes for less clear code. The ICacheProvider<T> interface defines two overloaded Fetch methods, the difference between these is that one will return a single instance of the type T and the other will return an IEnumerable<T>, providing support for easy caching of collections of data items. Both methods will take a key parameter, which will uniquely identify the cached data, a delegate of type Func<T> or Func<IEnumerable<T>> which will provide the code to retrieve the data from the store if it is not present in the cache, and absolute or relative expiry policies to define when a cached item should expire. Note that at present there is no support for cache dependencies, but I shall be showing a method of adding this in part two of this article. CacheProviderFactory Class We need a mechanism of creating instances of our ICacheProvider<T> interface, using Dependency Injection to get the implementation of the interface. To do this we shall create a CacheProviderFactory static class in the CacheSample.Caching project. This factory will provide a generic static method called GetCacheProvider<T>(), which shall return instances of ICacheProvider<T>. We can then call this factory method with the relevant data type (for example the Sale class in the CacheSample.BusinessObject project) to get a instance of ICacheProvider for that type (e.g. call CacheProviderFactory.GetCacheProvider<Sale>() to get the ICacheProvider<Sale> implementation). The C# code for the CacheProviderFactory is shown below: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using CacheSample.Caching.Configuration; namespace CacheSample.Caching { public static class CacheProviderFactory { private static Dictionary<Type, ICacheProvider> cacheProviders = new Dictionary<Type, ICacheProvider>(); private static object syncRoot = new object(); ///<summary> /// Factory method to create or retrieve an implementation of the /// ICacheProvider interface for type <typeparamref name="T"/>. ///</summary> ///<typeparam name="T"> /// The type that this cache provider instance will work with ///</typeparam> ///<returns>An instance of the implementation of ICacheProvider for type ///<typeparamref name="T"/>, as specified by the application /// configuration</returns> public static ICacheProvider<T> GetCacheProvider<T>() { ICacheProvider<T> cacheProvider = null; // Get the Type reference for the type parameter T Type typeOfT = typeof(T); // Lock the access to the cacheProviders dictionary // so multiple threads can work with it lock (syncRoot) { // First check if an instance of the ICacheProvider implementation // already exists in the cacheProviders dictionary for the type T if (cacheProviders.ContainsKey(typeOfT)) cacheProvider = (ICacheProvider<T>)cacheProviders[typeOfT]; else { // There is not already an instance of the ICacheProvider in // cacheProviders for the type T // so we need to create one // Get the Type reference for the application's implementation of // ICacheProvider from the configuration Type cacheProviderType = Type.GetType(CacheProviderConfigurationSection.Current. CacheProviderType); if (cacheProviderType != null) { // Now get a Type reference for the Cache Provider with the // type T generic parameter Type typeOfCacheProviderTypeForT = cacheProviderType.MakeGenericType(new Type[] { typeOfT }); if (typeOfCacheProviderTypeForT != null) { // Create the instance of the Cache Provider and add it to // the cacheProviders dictionary for future use cacheProvider = (ICacheProvider<T>)Activator. CreateInstance(typeOfCacheProviderTypeForT); cacheProviders.Add(typeOfT, cacheProvider); } } } } return cacheProvider; } } } As this code uses Activator.CreateInstance() to create instances of the ICacheProvider<T> implementation, which is a slow process, the factory class maintains a Dictionary of the previously created instances so that a cache provider needs to be created only once for each type. The type of the implementation of ICacheProvider<T> is read from a custom configuration section in the application configuration file, via the CacheProviderConfigurationSection class, which is described below. CacheProviderConfigurationSection Class The implementation of ICacheProvider<T> will be specified in a custom configuration section in the application’s configuration. To handle this create a folder in the CacheSample.Caching project called Configuration, and add a class called CacheProviderConfigurationSection to this folder. This class will extend the System.Configuration.ConfigurationSection class, and will contain a single string property called CacheProviderType. The C# code for this class is shown below: using System; using System.Configuration; namespace CacheSample.Caching.Configuration { internal class CacheProviderConfigurationSection : ConfigurationSection { public static CacheProviderConfigurationSection Current { get { return (CacheProviderConfigurationSection) ConfigurationManager.GetSection("cacheProvider"); } } [ConfigurationProperty("type", IsRequired=true)] public string CacheProviderType { get { return (string)this["type"]; } } } } Adding Data Caching to the Sales Class We now have enough code in place to add caching to the GetSales() method in the CacheSample.BusinessObjects.Sale class, even though we do not yet have an implementation of the ICacheProvider<T> interface. We need to add a reference to the CacheSample.Caching project to CacheSample.BusinessObjects so that we can use the ICacheProvider<T> interface within the GetSales() method. Once the reference is added, we can first create a unique string key based on the method name and the parameter value, so that the same cache key is used for repeated calls to the method with the same parameter values. Then we get an instance of the cache provider for the Sales type, using the CacheProviderFactory, and pass the existing code to retrieve the data from the database as the retrievalMethod delegate in a call to the Cache Provider Fetch() method. The C# code for the modified GetSales() method is shown below: public static IEnumerable<Sale> GetSales(int? highestDayCount) { string cacheKey = string.Format("CacheSample.BusinessObjects.GetSalesWithCache({0})", highestDayCount); return CacheSample.Caching.CacheProviderFactory. GetCacheProvider<Sale>().Fetch(cacheKey, delegate() { List<Sale> sales = new List<Sale>(); SqlParameter highestDayCountParameter = new SqlParameter("@HighestDayCount", SqlDbType.SmallInt); if (highestDayCount.HasValue) highestDayCountParameter.Value = highestDayCount; else highestDayCountParameter.Value = DBNull.Value; string connectionStr = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager. ConnectionStrings["CacheSample"].ConnectionString; using (SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection(connectionStr)) using (SqlCommand sqlCmd = sqlConn.CreateCommand()) { sqlCmd.CommandText = "spGetRunningTotals"; sqlCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; sqlCmd.Parameters.Add(highestDayCountParameter); sqlConn.Open(); using (SqlDataReader dr = sqlCmd.ExecuteReader()) { while (dr.Read()) { Sale newSale = new Sale(); newSale.DayCount = dr.GetInt16(0); newSale.Sales = dr.GetDecimal(1); newSale.RunningTotal = dr.GetDecimal(2); sales.Add(newSale); } } } return sales; }, null, new TimeSpan(0, 10, 0)); } This example passes the code to retrieve the Sales data from the database to the Cache Provider as an anonymous method, however it could also be written as a lambda. The main advantage of using an anonymous function (method or lambda) is that the code inside the anonymous function can access the parameters passed to the GetSales() method. Finally the absolute expiry is set to null, and the relative expiry set to 10 minutes, to indicate that the cache entry should be removed 10 minutes after the last request for the data. As the ICacheProvider<T> has a Fetch() method that returns IEnumerable<T>, we can simply return the results of the Fetch() method to the caller of the GetSales() method. This should be all that is needed for the GetSales() method to now retrieve data from a cache after the first time the data has be retrieved from the database. Implementing a ASP.NET Cache Provider The final step is to actually implement the ICacheProvider<T> interface, and add the implementation details to the web.config file for the dependency injection. The cache provider implementation needs to have access to System.Web. Therefore it could be placed in the CacheSample.UI project, or in its own project that has a reference to System.Web. Implementing the Cache Provider in a separate project is my favoured approach. Create a new project inside the solution called CacheSample.CacheProvider, and add references to System.Web and CacheSample.Caching to this project. Add a class to the project called AspNetCacheProvider. Make the class a generic class by adding the generic parameter <T> and indicate that the class implements ICacheProvider<T>. The C# code for the AspNetCacheProvider class is shown below: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Caching; using CacheSample.Caching; namespace CacheSample.CacheProvider { public class AspNetCacheProvider<T> : ICacheProvider<T> { #region ICacheProvider<T> Members public T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) { return FetchAndCache<T>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry); } public IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) { return FetchAndCache<IEnumerable<T>>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry); } #endregion #region Helper Methods private U FetchAndCache<U>(string key, Func<U> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) { U value; if (!TryGetValue<U>(key, out value)) { value = retrieveData(); if (!absoluteExpiry.HasValue) absoluteExpiry = Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration; if (!relativeExpiry.HasValue) relativeExpiry = Cache.NoSlidingExpiration; HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert(key, value, null, absoluteExpiry.Value, relativeExpiry.Value); } return value; } private bool TryGetValue<U>(string key, out U value) { object cachedValue = HttpContext.Current.Cache.Get(key); if (cachedValue == null) { value = default(U); return false; } else { try { value = (U)cachedValue; return true; } catch { value = default(U); return false; } } } #endregion } } The two interface Fetch() methods call a private method called FetchAndCache(). This method first checks for a element in the HttpContext.Current.Cache with the specified cache key, and if so tries to cast this to the specified type (either T or IEnumerable<T>). If the cached element is found, the FetchAndCache() method simply returns it. If it is not found in the cache, the method calls the retrievalMethod delegate to get the data from the data source, and then adds this to the HttpContext.Current.Cache. The final step is to add the AspNetCacheProvider class to the relevant custom configuration section in the CacheSample.UI.Web.Config file. To do this there needs to be a <configSections> element added as the first element in <configuration>. This will match a custom section called <cacheProvider> with the CacheProviderConfigurationSection. Then we add a <cacheProvider> element, with a type property set to the fully qualified assembly name of the AspNetCacheProvider class, as shown below: <?xmlversion="1.0"?> <configuration> <configSections> <sectionname="cacheProvider" type="CacheSample.Base.Configuration.CacheProviderConfigurationSection, CacheSample.Base" /> </configSections> <connectionStrings> <addname="CacheSample" connectionString="data source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Integrated Security=SSPI;Initial Catalog=CacheSample" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" /> </connectionStrings> <cacheProvidertype="CacheSample.CacheProvider.AspNetCacheProvider`1, CacheSample.CacheProvider, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null"> </cacheProvider> <system.web> <compilationdebug="true"targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> </configuration> One point to note is that the fully qualified assembly name of the AspNetCacheProvider class includes the notation `1 after the class name, which indicates that it is a generic class with a single generic type parameter. The CacheSample.UI project needs to have references added to CacheSample.Caching and CacheSample.CacheProvider so that the actual application is aware of the relevant cache provider implementation. Conclusion After implementing this solution, you should have a working cache provider mechanism, that will allow the middle and data access layers to implement caching support when retrieving data, without any knowledge of the actually caching implementation. If the UI is not ASP.NET based, if for example it is Winforms or WPF, the implementation of ICacheProvider<T> would be written around whatever technology is available. It could even be a standalone caching system that takes full responsibility for adding and removing items from a global store. The next part of this article will show how this caching mechanism may be extended to provide support for cache dependencies, such as the System.Web.Caching.SqlCacheDependency. Another possible extension would be to cache the cache provider implementations instead of storing them in a static Dictionary in the CacheProviderFactory. This would prevent a build up of seldom used cache providers in the application memory, as they could be removed from the cache if not used often enough, although in reality there are probably unlikely to be vast numbers of cache provider implementation instances, as most applications do not have a massive number of business object or model types.

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503.1 Service Unavailable Error Resolution

- by Lee Brandt

I was having a hell of a time tonight with my IIS on my development laptop. I don’t remember doing anything to change the IIS settings. I don’t use IIS that much on my dev machine. Usually Cassini is enough for testing my development efforts but tonight I needed to replicate a problem that seems to stem from x86 v x64 mismatch, so I went to create an IIS site pointed to my dev folder. When I did, I got a “503.1 Service Unavailable Error”. First thing I did is go over all my setting to make sure I didn’t screw something up when I set up the site. It was pointing to the right place, and the app pool settings seemed to be alright. However, when I got the 503.1 error and went back to my app pool list, I saw that the app pool I was using was stopped again. I must’ve started and ran it a dozen times to verify that I wasn’t seeing things. After having a colleague look at it and not finding an answer, I started poking around Google. I cam across a post from Phil Haack about the same error. His fix was not mine, however. When I ran his command on the CLI, I didn’t see the reserved routes for HTTP.SYS there. Finally, I looked in the event viewer (where I should have looked as soon as I saw that my app pool was stopping) and saw an error in there. For the IIS-W3SVC-WP Source I saw: The worker process for application pool 'DefaultAppPool' encountered an error 'Cannot read configuration file due to insufficient permissions ' trying to read configuration data from file '\\?\C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\CONFIG\machine.config', line number '0'. The data field contains the error code. So I went to that path and saw a little lock on the file icon. I opened up the security tab for file properties and saw that I was missing the IIS_IUSRS group. On a machine that was working correctly, I verified that it indeed had the IIS_IUSRS group set to Read and Read & Execute allowed. So I set mine up the same and voila! Hopefully this helps somebody else, too.

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How valuable are you to your organization?

- by Lance Shaw

I don't know about you but I find it easy to get bogged down with the daily list of tasks and deliverables. We all have lots to do and it all seems to be due tomorrow. If you are reading this blog, than your to-do list is almost certainly filled with tasks related to the management, processing and publishing of information. As we get mired in the daily routine of making sure that the content management needs of the organizations are met, we can easily lose sight of the value that we bring. After all, if information and content is the lifeblood of our organizations, then surely maintaining the healthy flow of that information has real value. But how can you measure that value and bring it forward on your résumé or your list of achievements in time for your next performance review? The AIIM organization has spent a lot of time recently researching the value of certification for "information professionals". When it comes to enterprise content management (ECM) there are many areas of specialization including records management, content archivist, digital asset manager, content librarian and more. Specialization can clearly drive up your value but it can also lock you into a narrow niche area of focus. AIIM has found that what companies also need is someone that can apply their knowledge of how information is managed within the operational scope of the business in order to drive real, measurable strategic value. When you can showcase the value of a broader, business-wide mindset to your management, you have more opportunity to make professional progress and drive real growth where it counts, your paycheck. We here on the Oracle WebCenter team partnered with AIIM on the research they performed around the value of an information professional certification program. In a webinar this week, Doug Miles of AIIM and I will be talking about the results of that recent survey and what it is going to mean in the future to be recognized as a "Certified Information Professional" (CIP). Oracle sponsored this research to help individuals and companies understand the value of enterprise content management and what it means across the entire organization. I hope you will join us. If any of us were stopped in the street and were asked about it, I bet most of us would think of ourselves as an "Information Professional". Now we have a way to actually prove it! There's only one downside that I can see... you will have to get your business cards updated to include the "CIP" acronym after your name. I think you will agree that is a price worth paying!

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Log Debug Messages without Debug Serial on Shipped Device

- by Kate Moss' Open Space

Debug message is one of the ancient but useful way for problem resolving. Message is redirected to PB if KITL is enabled otherwise it goes to default debug port, usually a serial port on most of the platform but it really depends on how OEMWriteDebugString and OEMWriteDebugByte are implemented. For many reasons, we don't want to have a debug serial port, for example, we don't have enough spare serial ports and it can affect the performance. So some of the BSP designers decide to dump the messages into other media, could be a log file, shared memory or any solution that is suitable for the need. In CE 5.0 and previous, OAL and Kernel are linked into one binaries; in the other word, you can use whatever function in kernel, such as SC_CreateFileW to access filesystem in OAL, even this is strongly not recommended. But since the OAL is being a standalone executable in CE 6.0, we no longer can use this back door but only interface exported in NKGlobal which just provides enough for OAL but no more. Accessing filesystem or using sync object to communicate to other drivers or application is even not an option. Sounds like the kernel lock itself up; of course, OAL is in kernel space, you can still do whatever you want to hack into kernel, but once again, it is not only make it a dirty solution but also fragile. So isn't there an elegant solution? Let's see how a debug message print out. In private\winceos\COREOS\nk\kernel\printf.c, the OutputDebugStringW is the one for pumping out the messages; most of the code is for error handling and serialization but what really interesting is the following code piece if (g_cInterruptsOff) { OEMWriteDebugString ((unsigned short *)str); } else { g_pNKGlobal->pfnWriteDebugString ((unsigned short *)str); } CELOG_OutputDebugString(dwActvProcId, dwCurThId, str); It outputs the message to default debug output (is redirected to KITL when available) or OAL when needed but note that highlight part, it also invokes CELOG_OutputDebugString. Follow the thread to private\winceos\COREOS\nk\logger\CeLogInstrumentation.c, this function dump whatever input to CELOG. So whatever the debug message is we always got a clone in CELOG. General speaking, all of the debug message is logged to CELOG already, so what you need to do is using celogflush.exe with CELZONE_DEBUG zone, and then viewing the data using the by Readlog tool. Here are some information about these tools CELOG - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee479818.aspx READLOG - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee481220.aspx Also for advanced reader, I encourage you to dig into private\winceos\COREOS\nk\celog\celogdll, the source of CELOG.DLL and use it as a starting point to create a more lightweight debug message logger for your own device!

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Desktop Fun: Google Themed Icon Packs

- by Asian Angel

Are you an avid user of Google’s online services, but the icons for your desktop and app launcher shortcuts leave something to be desired? Now you can make those shortcuts shine with style using our Google Themed Icon Packs collection. Note: To customize the icon setup on your Windows 7 & Vista systems see our article here. Using Windows XP? We have you covered here. Sneak Preview For this week’s sneak preview we set up a Google Chrome themed desktop using the Simply Google Icon Collection shown below. Note: Original full-size wallpaper can be found here. We used Chromium to create a set of app shortcuts for various Google services on our desktop. Anyone who has done the same knows that the original icons do not look very good, so these icon packs can make those shortcuts look spectacular. Once the new icons were arranged for our desktop app shortcuts, we then pinned them to our Taskbar. Those are definitely looking nice! The Icon Packs Simply Google Icon Collection *.ico and .png format Download Google icons *.ico and .png format Download Tango Google Icon Set Vol. 1 *.png and .svg format Download Google Tango Icon Set Vol. 2 *.png and .svg format Download New Google Product Icons *.ico, .png, and .gif format Note: This icon pack contains 657 icons of various sizes. The best selection of individual icon types in the same size (i.e. 48, 128, etc.) from this pack is a mixture of .png and .gif formats. Download New google docs icons *.png format only Download Google Docs pack Icons *.ico, .png, and .gif format Download GCal *.png format only (original favicon .ico file included) Download Google Earth Icon Color Pack *.png format only Download Google Earth Dock Icons *.ico, .png, and .icns format Download Gtalk Color Icons *.png format only Download Google Buzz Icons *.png format only Download Google Chrome icon pack *.png format only Download Google Chrome X *.ico, .png, and .icns format Download Google Chrome icon pack *.png format only Download Wanting more great icon sets to look through? Be certain to visit our Desktop Fun section for more icon goodness! Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Boot 10 Different Live CDs From 1 USB Flash Drive The 20 Best How-To Geek Linux Articles of 2010 The 50 Best How-To Geek Windows Articles of 2010 The 20 Best How-To Geek Explainer Topics for 2010 How to Disable Caps Lock Key in Windows 7 or Vista How to Use the Avira Rescue CD to Clean Your Infected PC Enjoy Old School Style Video Game Fun with Chicken Invaders Hide the Twitter “Litter” in Twitter’s Sidebar Area (Chrome and Iron) Public Domain Day: Reflections on Copyright and the Importance of Public Domain Angry Birds Coming to PS3 and PSP This Week I Hate Mondays Wallpaper for That First Day Back at Work Tune Pop Enhances Android Music Notifications

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Viewing at Impossible Angles

- by kemer

The picture of the little screwdriver with the Allen wrench head to the right is bound to invoke a little nostalgia for those readers who were Sun customers in the late 80s. This tool was a very popular give-away: it was essential for installing and removing Multibus (you youngsters will have to look that up on Wikipedia…) cards in our systems. Back then our mid-sized systems were gargantuan: it was routine for us to schlep around a 200 lb. desk side box and 90 lb. monitor to demo a piece of software your smart phone will run better today. We were very close to the hardware, and the first thing a new field sales systems engineer had to learn was how put together a system. If you were lucky, a grizzled service engineer might run you through the process once, then threaten your health and existence should you ever screw it up so that he had to fix it. Nowadays we make it much easier to learn the ins and outs of our hardware with simulations–3D animations–that take you through the process of putting together or replacing pieces of a system. Most recently, we have posted three sophisticated PDFs that take advantage of Acrobat 9 features to provide a really intelligent approach to documenting hardware installation and repair: Sun Fire X4800/X4800 M2 Animations for Chassis Components Sun Fire X4800/X4800 M2 Animations for Sub Assembly Module (SAM) Sun Fire X4800/X4800 M2 Animations for CMOD Download one of these documents and take a close look at it. You can view the hardware from any angle, including impossible ones. Each document has a number of procedures, that break down into steps. Click on a procedure, then a step and you will see it animated in the drawing. Of course hardware design has generally eliminated the need for things like our old giveaway tools: components snap and lock in. Often you can replace redundant units while the system is hot, but for heaven’s sake, you’ll want to verify that you can do that before you try it! Meanwhile, we can all look forward to a growing portfolio of these intelligent documents. We would love to hear what you think about them. –Kemer

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The Diabolical Developer: What You Need to Do to Become Awesome

- by Tori Wieldt

Wearing sunglasses and quite possibly hungover, Martijn Verburg's evil persona provided key tips on how to be a Diabolical Developer. His presentation at TheServerSide Java Symposium was heavy on the sarcasm and provided lots of laughter. Martijn insisted that developers take their power back and get rid of all the "modern fluff" that distract developers.He provided several key tips to become a Diabolical Developer:*Learn only from yourself. Don't read blogs or books, and don't attend conferences. If you must go on forums, only do it display your superiority, answer as obscurely as possible.*Work aloneBest coding happens when you alone in your room, lock yourself in for days. Make sure you have a gaming machine in with you.*Keep information to yourselfKnowledge is power. Think job security. Never provide documentation. *Make sure only you can read your code.Don't put comments in your code. Name your variables A,B,C....A1,B1, etc.If someone insists you format your in a standard way, change a small section and revert it back as soon as they walk away from your screen. *Stick to what you knowStay on Java 1.3. Don't bother learning abstractions. Write your application in a single file. Stuff as much code into one class as possible, a 30,000-line class is fine. Makes it easier for you to read and maintain.*Use Real ToolsNo "fancy-pancy" IDEs. Real developers only use vi.*Ignore FadsThe cloud is massively overhyped. Mobile is a big fad for young kids.The big, clunky desktop computer (with a real keyboard) will return.Learn new stuff only to pad your resume. Ajax is great for that. *Skip TestingTest-driven development is a complete waste of time. They sent men to the moon without unit tests.Just write your code properly in the first place and you don't need tests.*Compiled = Ship ItUser acceptance testing is an absolute waste of time. *Use a Single ThreadDon't use multithreading. All you need to do is throw more hardware at the problem.*Don't waste time on SEO.If you've written the contract correctly, you are paid for writing code, not attracting users.You don't want a lot of users, they only report problems. *Avoid meetingsFake being sick to avoid meetings. If you are forced into a meeting, play corporate bingo.Once you stand up and shout "bingo" you will kicked out of the meeting. Job done.Follow these tips and you'll be well on your way to being a Diabolical Developer!

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Brightness Crash and Fan issues in 12.04.1

- by S.A. McIntosh

I would just like to state beforehand that I am a total novice in using Ubuntu when it comes to the more complex issues. So I thought it would be best to finally come here and ask for help before being re-directed or closed out for a solution. I have already looked high and low on this board for one but nothing came up for my particular case, so I might as well take a shot asking for the first time here. This is what I have at the moment: -Dell Insprion 1764 w/ 64-bit Intel i5 Core -Dual Boot: Windows 7/Ubuntu 12.04.1 32-bit (from 12.04 install) -Unity shell -Linux kernel: 3.2.0-32 generic-pae ...and this is my fglrxinfo: OpenGL vendor string: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. OpenGL renderer string: ATI Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series OpenGL version string: 4.2.11627 Compatibility Profile Context The one issue I have with using Ubuntu is brightness. With the driver in every time I use the slider in the brightness and lock settings or use the keyboard function, it freezes, goes black and comes up with a scrambled colors page like this in the video. So I have looked all over this board and the web for answers looking for a solution that might have an answer. This is what I have done so far to fix this: -First Solution: Looking around, I found this small fix using terminal: sudo gedit /etc/rc.local followed by adding this into "rc.local" echo # > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness This works rarely with the graphics driver still in and I often get lucky say during restart but reboot would only snap back the brightness at max. -Second Solution Simply remove the graphics driver while leaving the solution of first behind. This solves the issue but results in having the monitor flicker and flash at startup which in itself is not a problem to me but maybe not so good for monitor health. Also it causes the fan to speed up throughout the session and render any program that needs the driver useless. -Third Solution This is the most obvious. Just simply use the brightness on AMD Catalyst Control Center software that came with the driver, and I can say that it's form of brightness is HORRIBLE compared to the actual settings. Which leads up to where I am now, back to the driver to stop the fan speed-up and seems that the only solution to the brightness crash is to use the keyboard-controlled brightness at the login screen NOT the desktop if I want the issued effect but will just snap at max bright again if I restart. Fan speed problem is dealt with but now run the risk of crashing my computer if I so much touch the brightness settings. Speaking of which I found this on launchpad and it seems that the issue has been going far since June of 2012. Any help, redirect link or reference would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

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How do I reinstate my admin user privileges to global read/write

- by Matt

I am running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I only have the one user which I created when I installed Ubuntu. Everything has been fine - love it - until I updated a software package recently from the command line using sudo (not gksudo). I was having a little bother which did not make sense to me and in a fluff changed my user read/write privileges through the GUI (not even clear how I got there!). After restart I was stuck in a login loop - using the right login password but kept getting looped back to the login and could only login as Guest. I could still login with my user/password via ctrl + alt + f1 Eventually I was able to login again at start up. Not sure exactly what it was I changed that worked but it was one of/or a combination of installing latest security updates, changing login manager from LightDM to DGM and back again, removing the ICE/Xauthority and chown user. Current dilemma is my primary admin user privileges were read only. In the command line ls -ls /home/user returned this value: drwx------ 48 username username 20480 I have since changed this using sudo chmod 0755 /home/username (from my limited understanding 755 should return my user privileges to their original read/write glory). ls -ld /home/user currently shows my user privileges as: drwxr-xr-x 48 username username 20480 I still seem to have only read access permissions. I've been through lots of threads (and the help file) that talk about creating new users/groups permissions etc. but specific info on returning my existing global/admin/primary users privileges to what they were when I first created that user - baffling me. I feel this is something really simple I'm just not getting it. Please help! sudo mount /dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /proc type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusect1 (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=07pe tmpfs55) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw, ,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/meng/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=meng) none on /tmp/guest-1R2Fi5 type tmpsf (rw,mode=700)

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Hardware and Software Working Together - What Does LJE say?

- by Stephen Slade

IDG News Service - Oracle CEO Larry Ellison said Oracle will continue to bet on selling high-end custom hardware for its software products, even amidst a growing trend toward roomfuls of cheap, generic servers. "You have to be in the hardware business and the software business, to get the best possible system," he said during a keynote speech at Oracle's OpenWorld conference in Tokyo. "We believe it's the right idea, we believe it's the next generation of computing, we believe all the pieces have to fit together." Ellison, as he has often done in the past, repeatedly referred to Apple as his "favorite example" of such tight integration. He was a close friend of Apple's co-founder Steve Jobs and previously served on Apple's board of directors.He said sales of Oracle's advanced servers were booming and generating around a billion dollars a year in revenue for the company, which has until recent years focused almost exclusively on its software offerings. With the explosion of popular online services and the increasing number of mobile devices that access them, demand is high for databases that can quickly respond to high numbers of relatively simple queries. While Oracle is pitching its expensive, finely-tuned machines to meet this requirement, Internet behemoths like Google, Facebook and Microsoft increasingly rely on armies of low-cost, easily replaceable servers. Ellison emphasized the high specifications of Oracle's servers, which come packed with multiple terabytes of RAM and flash-based storage for speed. Such machines are superior to large server farms, he said, because they require far less electricity and floor space, and are also cost competitive. When asked about whether purchasing such products would lock customers in to expensive hardware from Oracle, he promised that the company's software would always run on "multiple hardware sources." Ellison, who spoke from Kyoto, Japan's ancient capital, was shown live online via webcast. The Oracle founder has a fondness for Japanese architecture and is staying in his large garden residence in the city Source: Ellison: Hardware-software integration key, Apple is best example. Oracle's founder and CEO reaffirmed his commitment to custom hardware for its software products LINK to Computerworld article Apr 5, 2012 http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9225858/Ellison_Hardware_software_integration_key_Apple_is_best_example?source=CTWNLE_nlt_entsoft_2012-04-09&utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+computerworld%2Fs%2Ffeed%2Ftopic%2F173+%28Computerworld+Databases+News%29#disqus_thread

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Network Your Computers & Devices: Step by Step

- by The Geek

If you’re looking for a great book to help you learn more about Windows home networking, there’s a new book on the market by our good friend Ciprian, and published by none other than Microsoft Press. Note: our friend Ciprian has been a guest contributor here on How-To Geek in the past, and he’s not only a geek that knows what he’s talking about, he’s also one of the more honest and decent people I’ve worked with. In his spare time, he runs the 7 Tutorials web site. The Book One of the great things about this book is that you aren’t limited to just Windows networking—it also explains how to connect Windows 7, XP, Vista, Mac OS X, and even Linux on the same network and share folders and devices between them. Everything in the book is written in a typical How-To Geek step-by-step format, with plenty of screenshots and pictures to help you through the process. Book Outline If you’re going to be spending some money on the book, you probably want to know what it’s all about, and since the Amazon page doesn’t give, well, much information at all, here’s the entire outline for you: Setting Up a Router and Devices Setting User Account on All Computers Setting Up Your Libraries on All Windows 7 Computers Creating the Network Customizing Network Sharing Settings in Windows 7 Creating the Homegroup and Joining Windows 7 Computers Sharing Libraries and Folders Sharing and Working with Devices Streaming Media Over the Network and the Internet Sharing Between Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7 Computers Sharing Between Mac OS X and Windows 7 Computers Sharing Between Ubuntu Linux and Windows 7 Computers Keeping the Network Secure Setting Up Parental Controls Troubleshooting Network and Internet Problems It’s a great book, with loads of information, and compared to most tech books isn’t very expensive—only $19.79 for the paperback and $9.99 for the Kindle version. Well worth it, and hey, it’s an official Microsoft Press book—written by a How-To Geek guest author. Network Your Computers & Devices Step by Step [Amazon] Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Boot 10 Different Live CDs From 1 USB Flash Drive The 20 Best How-To Geek Linux Articles of 2010 The 50 Best How-To Geek Windows Articles of 2010 The 20 Best How-To Geek Explainer Topics for 2010 How to Disable Caps Lock Key in Windows 7 or Vista How to Use the Avira Rescue CD to Clean Your Infected PC 2011 International Space Station Calendar Available for Download (Free) Ultimate Elimination – Lego Black Ops [Video] BotSync Enables Secure FTP File Synchronization on Android Devices Enjoy Beautiful City Views with the Cityscape Theme for Windows 7 Luigi Installs Any OS on Google’s Cr-48 Notebook DIY iPad Stylus Offers Pen-Based Interaction on the Cheap

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Ubuntu missing from the Grub menu

- by varevarao

Recently I've had some audio issues with Ubuntu (using precise), and in the process of trying to resolve that I ran a dist-upgrade. Everything went just fine, and the sound seemed good, until I rebooted my machine for the first time since the dist-upgrade. All I see now in the Grub menu at startup is memtest86+, another memtest variant, and Windows 7. It's not showing any of the linux kernels that Ubuntu is running on. I am attaching my bootinfoscript: Boot Info Script 0.61.full + Boot-Repair extra info [Boot-Info November 20th 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos6)/boot/grub on this drive. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Dell Utility: FAT16 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: sda4: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda5 starts at sector 2048. Operating System: Boot files: sda6: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99-2.00) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda6 and looks at sector 220046240 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos6)/boot/grub on this drive. Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sda7: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 63 273,104 273,042 de Dell Utility /dev/sda2 * 274,432 19,406,847 19,132,416 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda3 19,406,848 218,274,364 198,867,517 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda4 218,275,838 625,139,711 406,863,874 f W95 Extended (LBA) /dev/sda5 328,630,272 625,139,711 296,509,440 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda6 218,275,840 324,030,463 105,754,624 83 Linux /dev/sda7 324,032,512 328,626,175 4,593,664 82 Linux swap / Solaris "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 squashfs /dev/sda1 07DA-0512 vfat DellUtility /dev/sda2 8834146034145392 ntfs RECOVERY /dev/sda3 48E2189DE21890F4 ntfs OS /dev/sda5 BC2A44C02A447982 ntfs Varshneya /dev/sda6 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c ext4 /dev/sda7 dcb9ce9b-799a-4c65-b008-887b01775670 swap /dev/sr0 iso9660 Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS i386 ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sda6 /mnt ext4 (rw) /dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime) =========================== sda6/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c if loadfont /boot/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_US insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(hd0,msdos2)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 8834146034145392 chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =============================== sda6/etc/fstab: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier # for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name # devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda6 during installation UUID=34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c / ext4 errors=remount-ro,user_xattr 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=dcb9ce9b-799a-4c65-b008-887b01775670 none swap sw 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda6: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) 104.851909637 = 112.583880704 boot/grub/core.img 1 121.191410065 = 130.128285696 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1 ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown BootLoader on sda4 00000000 eb 0f 2a 5d f4 b7 75 f2 e9 56 12 b8 50 b4 79 ec |..*]..u..V..P.y.| 00000010 89 91 ca c3 16 40 31 d0 ae c4 53 3d c7 dd d7 98 |[email protected]=....| 00000020 bd a4 f2 a4 e8 ab fc ea 36 30 1b 34 cf 8a 28 30 |........60.4..(0| 00000030 43 95 6c 31 3e 76 93 58 84 37 99 c3 ae 3a 88 a3 |C.l1>v.X.7...:..| 00000040 c2 a6 36 2a f8 e0 e1 03 91 8d a1 50 cd ad b0 b5 |..6*.......P....| 00000050 ad 69 3a 49 63 1f 4a 33 97 6e 0c 71 bf 7d bd 35 |.i:Ic.J3.n.q.}.5| 00000060 86 c5 17 93 b4 9f e5 af e0 c4 6f f4 6f f9 4b dd |..........o.o.K.| 00000070 14 39 e2 9e b9 36 ca b1 56 5b d9 b1 66 2c 05 b2 |.9...6..V[..f,..| 00000080 5d 5b 99 c0 db e6 81 27 ab c2 e1 55 00 ac 0b 2c |][.....'...U...,| 00000090 24 d3 8e 54 b0 3d ab 58 e4 23 fc 3a 79 93 fb 5e |$..T.=.X.#.:y..^| 000000a0 94 5a 3a c2 16 4e 56 cb 1b 7f 7e b3 4c 38 ca 5b |.Z:..NV...~.L8.[| 000000b0 ca ab c1 2c 2a 64 e7 77 fe 2a ba ee 08 33 b5 9b |...,*d.w.*...3..| 000000c0 d0 c2 b4 a8 fc 73 4f 01 fd 03 61 75 eb 6d 1a 74 |.....sO...au.m.t| 000000d0 5f 79 31 7f ed e6 f5 99 21 36 16 ed 25 d9 6d 2b |_y1.....!6..%.m+| 000000e0 5f f4 42 b8 9d 01 89 10 fe df a4 98 e7 ab ab ea |_.B.............| 000000f0 1d 1c 44 e1 49 d9 19 c9 ab f5 41 eb 4a 32 c2 39 |..D.I.....A.J2.9| 00000100 87 57 f6 f6 f3 b5 4d 17 72 f2 b1 16 19 aa ec 24 |.W....M.r......$| 00000110 39 bd e3 b1 68 b3 b0 7f fa 2a 3a 2e 99 ed db 8a |9...h....*:.....| 00000120 f8 61 b4 ef 9d 7d 85 95 ed ad eb 9e 71 f4 27 d3 |.a...}......q.'.| 00000130 f3 04 8b 8a 69 98 02 72 df e1 f9 83 27 5b 01 4c |....i..r....'[.L| 00000140 d4 9a b9 3b db ca 1e 40 35 db 6f c1 52 c0 7f 27 |...;[email protected]..'| 00000150 8a 1d bc 34 89 24 b6 e3 fd ec a1 2a e5 9e d1 8f |...4.$.....*....| 00000160 77 e0 d5 52 c0 4c c4 38 38 3c 28 19 bf 20 f0 03 |w..R.L.88<(.. ..| 00000170 38 a4 b1 b5 ed 6a b8 f7 a9 7b 65 b1 7b 64 4a 33 |8....j...{e.{dJ3| 00000180 66 1a 60 29 38 1d 5b 52 40 31 de a5 0c 0f cc 6f |f.`)8.[[email protected]| 00000190 dd 31 6d 3d f0 2a 32 85 67 66 ca 4f 02 aa 0d 30 |.1m=.*2.gf.O...0| 000001a0 66 c9 b2 33 c2 4b 8a fa 3c 7b 52 02 00 88 8e cf |f..3.K..<{R.....| 000001b0 67 1e d4 20 49 1d 1a b8 71 ad c2 d4 37 9d 00 fe |g.. I...q...7...| 000001c0 ff ff 07 fe ff ff 02 e0 93 06 00 60 ac 11 00 fe |...........`....| 000001d0 ff ff 05 fe ff ff 01 00 00 00 01 b0 4d 06 00 00 |............M...| 000001e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION : =================== log of boot-repair 2012-11-24__09h45 =================== boot-repair version : 3.195~ppa2~precise boot-sav version : 3.195~ppa2~precise glade2script version : 3.2.2~ppa45~precise boot-sav-extra version : 3.195~ppa2~precise boot-repair is executed in live-session (Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS, precise, Ubuntu, i686) CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash -- =================== os-prober: /dev/sda2:Windows 7 (loader):Windows:chain /dev/sda6:Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS (12.04):Ubuntu:linux =================== blkid: /dev/sda1: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL="DellUtility" UUID="07DA-0512" TYPE="vfat" /dev/sda2: LABEL="RECOVERY" UUID="8834146034145392" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda3: LABEL="OS" UUID="48E2189DE21890F4" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda5: LABEL="Varshneya" UUID="BC2A44C02A447982" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs" /dev/sda6: UUID="34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda7: UUID="dcb9ce9b-799a-4c65-b008-887b01775670" TYPE="swap" /dev/sr0: LABEL="Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS i386" TYPE="iso9660" 1 disks with OS, 2 OS : 1 Linux, 0 MacOS, 1 Windows, 0 unknown type OS. Windows not detected by os-prober on sda3. Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. =================== /mnt/etc/default/grub : # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" =================== /mnt/etc/grub.d/ : drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 22 16:15 grub.d total 56 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6743 Sep 12 20:19 00_header -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5522 Sep 12 20:05 05_debian_theme -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7407 Sep 12 20:19 10_linux -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6335 Sep 12 20:19 20_linux_xen -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1588 Sep 24 2010 20_memtest86+ -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7603 Sep 12 20:19 30_os-prober -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Sep 12 20:19 40_custom -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 95 Sep 12 20:19 41_custom -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 483 Sep 12 20:19 README =================== No kernel in /mnt/boot: grub memtest86+.bin memtest86+_multiboot.bin =================== UEFI/Legacy mode: This live-session is not EFI-compatible. SecureBoot maybe enabled. =================== PARTITIONS & DISKS: sda1 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, not-far, /mnt/boot-sav/sda1. sda2 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, bootmgr, is-winboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, not-far, /mnt/boot-sav/sda2. sda3 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda3. sda5 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda5. sda6 : sda, not-sepboot, grubenv-ok grub2, grub-pc, update-grub, 64, no-kernel, is-os, not--efi--part, fstab-without-boot, fstab-without-efi, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, apt-get, grub-install, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt. sda : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, has-os, 63 sectors * 512 bytes =================== parted -l: Model: ATA ST9320423AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 320GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 140MB 140MB primary fat16 diag 2 141MB 9936MB 9796MB primary ntfs boot 3 9936MB 112GB 102GB primary ntfs 4 112GB 320GB 208GB extended lba 6 112GB 166GB 54.1GB logical ext4 7 166GB 168GB 2352MB logical linux-swap(v1) 5 168GB 320GB 152GB logical ntfs Model: HL-DT-ST DVD+-RW GA31N (scsi) Disk /dev/sr0: 4700MB Sector size (logical/physical): 2048B/2048B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 131kB 2916MB 2916MB primary boot, hidden =================== parted -lm: BYT; /dev/sda:320GB:scsi:512:512:msdos:ATA ST9320423AS; 1:32.3kB:140MB:140MB:fat16::diag; 2:141MB:9936MB:9796MB:ntfs::boot; 3:9936MB:112GB:102GB:ntfs::; 4:112GB:320GB:208GB:::lba; 6:112GB:166GB:54.1GB:ext4::; 7:166GB:168GB:2352MB:linux-swap(v1)::; 5:168GB:320GB:152GB:ntfs::; BYT; /dev/sr0:4700MB:scsi:2048:2048:msdos:HL-DT-ST DVD+-RW GA31N; 1:131kB:2916MB:2916MB:::boot, hidden; =================== mount: /cow on / type overlayfs (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) /dev/sr0 on /cdrom type iso9660 (ro,noatime) /dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/ubuntu/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu) /dev/sda6 on /mnt type ext4 (rw) /dev on /mnt/dev type none (rw,bind) /proc on /mnt/proc type none (rw,bind) /sys on /mnt/sys type none (rw,bind) /usr on /mnt/usr type none (rw,bind) /dev/sda1 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 type vfat (rw) /dev/sda2 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda2 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda3 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda3 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda5 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda5 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) =================== ls: /sys/block/sda (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 sda6 sda7 size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent /sys/block/sr0 (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent /dev (filtered): autofs block bsg btrfs-control bus cdrom cdrw char console core cpu cpu_dma_latency disk dri dvd dvdrw ecryptfs fb0 fd full fuse fw0 hidraw0 hpet input kmsg log mapper mcelog mei mem net network_latency network_throughput null oldmem port ppp psaux ptmx pts random rfkill rtc rtc0 sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 sda6 sda7 sg0 sg1 shm snapshot snd sr0 stderr stdin stdout uinput urandom usbmon0 usbmon1 usbmon2 v4l vga_arbiter video0 zero ls /dev/mapper: control =================== df -Th: Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /cow overlayfs 1.9G 113M 1.8G 6% / udev devtmpfs 1.9G 12K 1.9G 1% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 777M 872K 776M 1% /run /dev/sr0 iso9660 696M 696M 0 100% /cdrom /dev/loop0 squashfs 667M 667M 0 100% /rofs tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 20K 1.9G 1% /tmp none tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none tmpfs 1.9G 176K 1.9G 1% /run/shm /dev/sda6 ext4 51G 27G 22G 56% /mnt /dev/sda1 vfat 134M 9.1M 125M 7% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 /dev/sda2 fuseblk 9.2G 5.6G 3.6G 61% /mnt/boot-sav/sda2 /dev/sda3 fuseblk 95G 80G 16G 84% /mnt/boot-sav/sda3 /dev/sda5 fuseblk 142G 130G 12G 92% /mnt/boot-sav/sda5 =================== fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xb8000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 273104 136521 de Dell Utility /dev/sda2 * 274432 19406847 9566208 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 19406848 218274364 99433758+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 218275838 625139711 203431937 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 328630272 625139711 148254720 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 218275840 324030463 52877312 83 Linux /dev/sda7 324032512 328626175 2296832 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order =================== Repair blockers 64bits detected. Please use this software in a 64bits session. (Please use Ubuntu-Secure-Remix-64bits (www.sourceforge.net/p/ubuntu-secured) which contains a 64bits-compatible version of this software.) This will enable this feature. =================== Final advice in case of recommended repair The boot files of [Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS] are far from the start of the disk. Your BIOS may not detect them. You may want to retry after creating a /boot partition (EXT4, >200MB, start of the disk). This can be performed via tools such as gParted. Then select this partition via the [Separate /boot partition:] option of [Boot Repair]. (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition) =================== Default settings Recommended-Repair This setting would reinstall the grub2 of sda6 into the MBR of sda, using the following options: kernel-purge Additional repair would be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s fix-windows-boot =================== Settings chosen by the user Boot-Info This setting will not act on the MBR. No change has been performed on your computer. See you soon! pastebinit packages needed dpkg-preconfigure: unable to re-open stdin: No such file or directory pastebin.com ko (), using paste.ubuntu Please report this message to [email protected] Any help would be great, I'm really missing Ubuntu (hate being stuck in the Windows world).

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PPTP VPN connects via NM but goes down during SSH connection

- by Andrea Olivato

I setup a VPN PPTP connection via network manager and it connects correctly (I see the lock near the notification icon and the message "Vpn connection has been successfully...") As soon as I try to perform any SSH connection via the established tunnel the connection itself goes down with the message "Vpn connection failed". the SSH connection always fails at debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent I've looked into the system logs and this is the log Dec 12 12:25:00 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> Starting VPN service 'pptp'... Dec 12 12:25:00 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN service 'pptp' started (org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp), PID 7093 Dec 12 12:25:00 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN service 'pptp' appeared; activating connections Dec 12 12:25:00 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: init (1) Dec 12 12:25:00 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: starting (3) Dec 12 12:25:00 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN connection 'Redation' (Connect) reply received. Dec 12 12:25:05 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN connection 'Redation' (IP4 Config Get) reply received from old-style plugin. Dec 12 12:25:05 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN Gateway: 5.98.141.210 Dec 12 12:25:06 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN connection 'Redation' (IP Config Get) complete. Dec 12 12:25:06 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: started (4) Dec 12 12:25:14 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: stopping (5) Dec 12 12:25:14 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: stopped (6) Dec 12 12:25:14 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN plugin state change reason: 0 Dec 12 12:25:15 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <warn> error disconnecting VPN: Could not process the request because no VPN connection was active. Dec 12 12:25:20 ushuaia NetworkManager[1155]: <info> VPN service 'pptp' disappeared Please note that the same vpn is configured on my colleagues Windows 7 and works without problem when they use putty to connect via SSH

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Broken package after update: linux-headers, error brokencount >0

- by escozul

Ubuntu 12.04. After an update, I get a red warning icon in the system tray, warning about an error: broken count 0 Opening Update manager, I see that the broken package is linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae (new install) Specificaly I have my ubuntu on an AspireOne with 8gb internal storage. I tried apt-get clean as suggested in another question on this site, and tried reinstalling the package in Synaptic. I have tried to reboot but to no avail. I have also tried apt-get install --fix-broken and I get the following: sudo apt-get install --fix-broken [sudo] password for elina: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following extra packages will be installed: linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae The following NEW packages will be installed: linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 38 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/977 kB of archives. After this operation 11,3 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]; y (Reading database ... 437051 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae (from .../linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb (--unpack): unable to create `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae/include/config/usb/gspca/sonixb.h.dpkg-new' (while processing `./usr/src/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae/include/config/usb/gspca/sonixb.h'): No space left on device No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I've tried all suggestions I could find: sudo apt-get clean sudo apt-get autoclean sudo apt-get autoremove sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get -f install sudo apt-get install --fix-broken Then I saw that on the error there was a mention about free space. So I did a df -h and the result was: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 7,0G 5,5G 1,1G 84% / udev 235M 4,0K 235M 1% /dev tmpfs 97M 816K 96M 1% /run none 5,0M 0 5,0M 0% /run/lock none 242M 352K 242M 1% /run/shm I see that on my root folder I have 1.1Gb free. The broken package is linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb which only takes up 11.3Mb on my hard drive. I'm soooo lost. I really hope there is something I'm missing here. I don't want to go about reformatting this bucket. It's really not worth the time. Any help for fixing this would be hot.

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Booting Ubuntu on HP Pavilion g7 - 13.04 [duplicate]

- by death2040

This question already has an answer here: My computer boots to a black screen, what options do I have to fix it? 24 answers I have a HP Pavilion G7 with an AMD A4 processor and Radeon graphics. I want to install Ubuntu on my laptop but whenever I put the Ubuntu live CD in it and boot to it, the screen shows the Ubuntu logo and the four little dots then after about a minute or two the screen goes black. I can tell the screen is still on but it doesn't have anything on it. I'm beginning to wonder if its a driver problem but I can't really install the drivers when I cant even get Ubuntu to show anything except a loading screen. I've already tried using 12.04 and 12.10 and all the others down to Ubuntu 10. none of them worked. All the other versions don't even show the Ubuntu logo. I'd prefer to have Ubuntu 13.04 on it if its possible but I haven't had any luck finding a solution. I've also tried using WUBI installer in Windows 7 but all that did was make my computer slower for windows and it does the same with the screen when i boot it to Ubuntu. I'm trying to use Ubuntu alongside Windows 7. I cant find any solution on Google. It wont load anything and I know that there is a program called grub on Ubuntu that I used on my desktop computer when it had graphics trouble but the trouble with my desktop was minor things like the screen would flash and then show weird patterns on the screen. But I can't find anything on what to do with the HP laptop. Please help. I use this laptop a lot for games on Windows 7 and I just want to use Ubuntu for when I take my laptop to school and for school stuff. Edit: I just tried booting it in nomodeset and some other things and still didn't work. It did boot up but now when it goes to install alongside windows it crashes and says Ubuntu is forcing reboot or something like that Also, this question is different from the black screen at boot issue because when I do use nomodeset on my computer and select install Ubuntu it will go as far as the screen where you can choose to replace Windows or run alongside Windows. Then after I click continue it ejects the live CD and turns off my computer without installing anything. The error message it shows when it ejects the disk says signal 15, shutting down - modem manager [1675]: <info> Caught nm-dispatcher.action: Caught signal 15, shutting down... *Deconfiguring network interfaces... Please remove installation media and close the tray (if any) then press ENTER *Deactivating swap... *Stopping remaining crypto disks... *stopping early crypto disks... unmount: /run/lock: not mounted unmount: /run/shm: not mounted

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How to keep balance / Unlock items / achievement rules

- by Mark Knol

I'm working on an engine for a game, too learn javascript and just because its fun. I'm a flashdeveloper, I know how to build websites. Now making games is a different challenge, javascript is a challenge, but I'd love to learn how to structure code and what patterns are common. I dont mind if the game ever finish, I'm mostly interested in the programming part of it. I dont have a particular endresult in mind, so I'll see where it takes me. I currently have a system where you can buy items. The items cost a specified amount of gold, silver, diamonds etc. When you have selected and bought the item, it takes time before getting rewarded. When time is over, you are getting rewarded with other properties (gold, energy, diamonds). For example, you can buy an apple for 50gold, It takes a minute, you get rewarded with 75energy. Or if you take a run, it cost 50energy, it takes 5minutes, reward is 25gold and 25silver. These definitions is what i call actions. Currently I already have a system where this already works and I can define as much actions with as much properties as I want. The definitions I have kinda looks like this: {id:101, category:544, onInit:{gold:-75}, onComplete:{energy:75}, time:2000, name:"Apple", locked: false} {id:102, category:544, onInit:{gold:-135}, onComplete:{energy:145}, time:2000, name:"Banana", locked: false} {id:106, category:302, onInit:{energy:-50, power: -25}, onComplete:{gold:100, diamonds:2}, time:10000, name:"Run", locked: false} {id:107, category:302, onInit:{energy:-70, silver: -55}, onComplete:{gold:100}, time:10000, name:"Dance", locked: false} {id:108, category:302, onInit:{energy:-230, power: -355}, onComplete:{gold:70, silver:70}, time:10000, name:"Fitness", locked: false} Now, I would love to add a system where I can lock/unlock the actions using achievement rules. Lets say, if you buy 10 apples, you unlock a new action, like bananas which cost more, and reward more. In the future I maybe want to restrict achievements and actions to levels. I am kinda stuck how to structure this. I have 2 questions: Which patterns are used to define achievements? How/where are they defined? Should it be part of the action, or should it be a separate controller? Is it a good idea to register all completed actions to it? I think I want multiple types of achievement rules, Id love to hear some ideas how to develop it. How do you create/find a good balance, so the user does not get stuck or can cheat by repeat a pattern of actions to get too much rewards. I know there is not a simple answer and i'm lacking of a good game-concept, but I wonder if anyone created such a game and how you dealed and played with it.

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Five Fake Sounds Engineered to Make Your Feel Better [Science]

- by Jason Fitzpatrick

As objects in our environment (like cars, ATMs, and phones) have grown lighter and quieter scientists have been carefully engineering their sounds so that they continue to sound like we expect them to. Read on to see how. At the design blog Humans Invent they share five interesting ways that the world around us is being engineered so it sounds the way we expect it to. They start with the example of the car door. Years ago cars were almost entirely steel, the doors were weighty, and when you slammed them it sounded like one big hunk of steel locking into another big hunk of steel (which, in fact, it was). Newer cars are lighter but people still crave that substantial clunk. Humans Invent highlights the effect of consumer desire: A car door is essentially a hollow shell with parts placed inside it. Without careful design the door frame amplifies the rattling of mechanisms inside. Car companies know that if buyers don’t get a satisfying thud when they close the door, it dents their confidence in the entire vehicle. To produce the ideal clunk, car doors are designed to minimise the amount of high frequencies produced (we associate them with fragility and weakness) and emphasise low, bass-heavy frequencies that suggest solidity. The effect is achieved in a range of different ways – car companies have piled up hundreds of patents on the subject – but usually involves some form of dampener fitted in the door cavity. Locking mechanisms are also tailored to produce the right sort of click and the way seals make contact is precisely controlled. On average it takes 1.8 seconds to close a car door but in that time you’re witnessing a strange kind of symphony composed by engineers and designers whose goal is to reassure you that its rock solid. They mention lock mechanisms, something you may never have thought about. A friend of mine had a Ford Focus some years ago and that particular model had electric locks that, instead of giving a satisfying thunk or solid click, made this horrible gates-of-the-prison-buzzing sound that was completely unnerving. Hit up the link below to see how sounds are engineered for car doors, electric motors, ATM machines, and more. 5 Fake Sounds Designed to Help Humans [Humans Invent via Boing Boing] How To Easily Access Your Home Network From Anywhere With DDNSHow To Recover After Your Email Password Is CompromisedHow to Clean Your Filthy Keyboard in the Dishwasher (Without Ruining it)

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Ubuntu 12.04 Automounting ntfs partition

- by kuzyt

Ive looked everywhere to fix this problem but I cant seem to figure out why its doing this. I have the following /etc/fstab entry to mount a ntfs partition using ntfs-3g. UUID=01CD842715EC2180 /media/mediahd02 ntfs defaults,user,noexec,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=007,fmask=117 0 2 The volume label for this partition is "MEDIA02" So I have had no problems with the fstab mounting. The problem however is that it automounts again using MEDIA02 label. I'm not sure automounting is the right term for this as its just an empty directory. Deleting this directory and rebooting is causing it to appear again. So listing /media I see both MEDIA02 & mediahd02 htpc@htpc:~$ cat /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sdf1 during installation UUID=ec027544-b0e7-4145-99a4-905543a9781a / ext4 errors=remount-ro,noatime,discard 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sdf5 during installation UUID=1794409e-723f-41ac-9f31-ae059f377613 none swap sw 0 0 # Added all the lines below this tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0 UUID=0F70-3B06 /media/mediahd01 vfat defaults,user,noexec,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=007,fmask=117 0 2 UUID=01CD842715EC2180 /media/mediahd02 ntfs defaults,user,noexec,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=007,fmask=117 0 2 htpc@htpc:~$ cat /etc/mtab /dev/sdc1 / ext4 rw,noatime,errors=remount-ro,discard 0 0 proc /proc proc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 none /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw 0 0 none /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw 0 0 none /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw 0 0 udev /dev devtmpfs rw,mode=0755 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs rw,noatime,mode=1777 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755 0 0 none /run/lock tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 0 0 none /run/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0 /dev/sdc1 /media/usbhd-sdc1 ext4 rw,relatime 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /media/mediahd02 fuseblk rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096 0 0 /dev/sda5 /media/mediahd01 vfat rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=007,fmask=117 0 0 /dev/sdh1 /media/Windows_7 fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 Can someone shed some light as to why its doing this ?

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Unable to Mount an external hard drive (NTFS)

- by Mediterran81

Ubuntu 11.10. When I plug my external Drive Western Digital MyPassport (500Go NTFS) I named WD. I get the following error: Unable to mount WD Error mounting: mount exited with exit code 1: helper failed with: mount: according to mtab, /dev/sdb1 is already mounted on /media/WD mount failed I have no problem with the internal NTFS partitions that auto-mounts on startup (ntfs-config does that). If I plug the WD before I boot Ubuntu, upon login, it's recognized and I can access without no problem. But if I remove it using (Safely remove) and then replug it, I get the error above. Here is my fstab: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 #Entry for /dev/sda5 : UUID=24540d0f-5803-493c-ace9-e3b3c0cedb26 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 #Entry for /dev/sda3 : UUID=E4C43F7EC43F51D2 /media/OS ntfs-3g defaults,locale=en_US.UTF-8 0 0 #Entry for /dev/sda2 : UUID=6A0070F10070C61B /media/RECOVERY ntfs-3g defaults,locale=en_US.UTF-8 0 0 #Entry for /dev/sdb1 : UUID=EA6854D268549F5F /media/WD ntfs-3g defaults,nosuid,nodev,locale=en_US.UTF-8 0 0 #Entry for /dev/sda6 : UUID=ed077c52-c50e-406c-9120-9cb6f86ec204 none swap sw 0 0 Here is my mtab /dev/sda5 / ext4 rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0 0 0 proc /proc proc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 fusectl /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw 0 0 none /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw 0 0 none /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw 0 0 udev /dev devtmpfs rw,mode=0755 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755 0 0 none /run/lock tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 0 0 none /run/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0 /dev/sda3 /media/OS fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 /dev/sda2 /media/RECOVERY fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /media/WD fuseblk rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 gvfs-fuse-daemon /home/hanine/.gvfs fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon rw,nosuid,nodev,user=hanine 0 0 Appearently it cannot be mounted because upon login, it finds that it is already mounted. Some sort of conflict. Does anyone have a clue on how to solve this. Thanks.

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Running C++ AMP kernels on the CPU

- by Daniel Moth

One of the FAQs we receive is whether C++ AMP can be used to target the CPU. For targeting multi-core we have a technology we released with VS2010 called PPL, which has had enhancements for VS 11 – that is what you should be using! FYI, it also has a Linux implementation via Intel's TBB which conforms to the same interface. When you choose to use C++ AMP, you choose to take advantage of massively parallel hardware, through accelerators like the GPU. Having said that, you can always use the accelerator class to check if you are running on a system where the is no hardware with a DirectX 11 driver, and decide what alternative code path you wish to follow. In fact, if you do nothing in code, if the runtime does not find DX11 hardware to run your code on, it will choose the WARP accelerator which will run your code on the CPU, taking advantage of multi-core and SSE2 (depending on the CPU capabilities WARP also uses SSE3 and SSE 4.1 – it does not currently use AVX and on such systems you hopefully have a DX 11 GPU anyway). A few things to know about WARP It is our fallback CPU solution, not intended as a primary target of C++ AMP. WARP stands for Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform and you can read old info on this MSDN page on WARP. What is new in Windows 8 Developer Preview is that WARP now supports DirectCompute, which is what C++ AMP builds on. It is not currently clear if we will have a CPU fallback solution for non-Windows 8 platforms when we ship. When you create a WARP accelerator, its is_emulated property returns true. WARP does not currently support double precision. BTW, when we refer to WARP, we refer to this accelerator described above. If we use lower case "warp", that refers to a bunch of threads that run concurrently in lock step and share the same instruction. In the VS 11 Developer Preview, the size of warp in our Ref emulator is 4 – Ref is another emulator that runs on the CPU, but it is extremely slow not intended for production, just for debugging. Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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How to update off screen bitmap in a surfaceview thread

- by DKDiveDude

I have a Surfaceview thread and an off canvas texture bitmap that is being generated (changed), first row (line), every frame and then copied one position (line) down on regular surfaceview bitmap to make a scrolling effect, and I then continue to draw other things on top of that. Well that is what I really want, however I can't get it to work even though I am creating a separate canvas for off screen bitmap. It is just not scrolling at all. I other words I have a memory bitmap, same size as Surfaceview canvas, which I need to scroll (shift) down one line every frame, and then replace top line with new random texture, and then draw that on regular Surfaceview canvas. Here is what I thought would work; My surfaceChanged where I specify bitmap and canvasses and start thread: @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { intSurfaceWidth = mSurfaceView.getWidth(); intSurfaceHeight = mSurfaceView.getHeight(); memBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(intSurfaceWidth, intSurfaceHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); memCanvas = new Canvas(memCanvas); myThread = new MyThread(holder, this); myThread.setRunning(true); blnPause = false; myThread.start(); } My thread, only showing essential middle running part: @Override public void run() { while (running) { c = null; try { // Lock canvas for drawing c = myHolder.lockCanvas(null); synchronized (mSurfaceHolder) { // First draw off screen bitmap to off screen canvas one line down memCanvas.drawBitmap(memBitmap, 0, 1, null); // Create random one line(row) texture bitmap memTexture = Bitmap.createBitmap(imgTexture, 0, rnd.nextInt(intTextureImageHeight), intSurfaceWidth, 1); // Now add this texture bitmap to top of off screen canvas and hopefully bitmap memCanvas.drawBitmap(textureBitmap, intSurfaceWidth, 0, null); // Draw above updated off screen bitmap to regular canvas, at least I thought it would update (save changes) shifting down and add the texture line to off screen bitmap the off screen canvas was pointing to. c.drawBitmap(memBitmap, 0, 0, null); // Other drawing to canvas comes here } finally { // do this in a finally so that if an exception is thrown // during the above, we don't leave the Surface in an // inconsistent state if (c != null) { myHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(c); } } } } For my game Tunnel Run. Right now I have a working solution where I instead have an array of bitmaps, size of surface height, that I populate with my random texture and then shift down in a loop for each frame. I get 50 frames per second, but I think I can do better by instead scrolling bitmap.

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How to resolve concurrent ramp collisions in 2d platformer?

- by Shaun Inman

A bit about the physics engine: Bodies are all rectangles. Bodies are sorted at the beginning of every update loop based on the body-in-motion's horizontal and vertical velocity (to avoid sticky walls/floors). Solid bodies are resolved by testing the body-in-motion's new X with the old Y and adjusting if necessary before testing the new X with the new Y, again adjusting if necessary. Works great. Ramps (rectangles with a flag set indicating bottom-left, bottom-right, etc) are resolved by calculating the ratio of penetration along the x-axis and setting a new Y accordingly (with some checks to make sure the body-in-motion isn't attacking from the tall or flat side, in which case the ramp is treated as a normal rectangle). This also works great. Side-by-side ramps, eg. \/ and /\, work fine but things get jittery and unpredictable when a top-down ramp is directly above a bottom-up ramp, eg. < or > or when a bottom-up ramp runs right up to the ceiling/top-down ramp runs right down to the floor. I've been able to lock it down somewhat by detecting whether the body-in-motion hadFloor when also colliding with a top-down ramp or hadCeiling when also colliding with a bottom-up ramp then resolving by calculating the ratio of penetration along the y-axis and setting the new X accordingly (the opposite of the normal behavior). But as soon as the body-in-motion jumps the hasFloor flag becomes false, the first ramp resolution pushes the body into collision with the second ramp and collision resolution becomes jittery again for a few frames. I'm sure I'm making this more complicated than it needs to be. Can anyone recommend a good resource that outlines the best way to address this problem? (Please don't recommend I use something like Box2d or Chipmunk. Also, "redesign your levels" isn't an answer; the body-in-motion may at times be riding another body-in-motion, eg. a platform, that pushes it into a ramp so I'd like to be able to resolve this properly.) Thanks!

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Issues with LVM partition size in Server 13.04

- by Michael

I am new to ubuntu and a little confused about how hard drive partitions and LVM works. I remember setting up Ubuntu server 13.04 and telling to to use 1TB of a 3TB server. Well I have maxed that out with blu-ray rips and want the rest of the drive for space. On log-in it says: System load: 2.24 Processes: 179 Usage of /: 88.7% of 912.89GB Users logged in: 0 Memory usage: 6% IP address for p5p1: 192.168.0.100 Swap usage: 0% => / is using 88.7% of 912.89GB lvdisplay outputs: --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/DeathStar-vg/root LV Name root VG Name DeathStar-vg LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time DeathStar, 2013-05-18 22:21:11 -0400 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 2.70 TiB Current LE 707789 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/DeathStar-vg/swap_1 LV Name swap_1 VG Name DeathStar-vg LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time DeathStar, 2013-05-18 22:21:11 -0400 LV Status available # open 2 LV Size 3.75 GiB Current LE 959 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:1 vgdisplay outputs: VG Name DeathStar-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 2.73 TiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 715335 Alloc PE / Size 708748 / 2.70 TiB Free PE / Size 6587 / 25.73 GiB df outputs: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/DeathStar--vg-root 957238932 848972636 59634696 94% / none 4 0 4 0% /sys/fs/cgroup udev 1864716 4 1864712 1% /dev tmpfs 374968 1060 373908 1% /run none 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock none 1874824 148 1874676 1% /run/shm none 102400 24 102376 1% /run/user /dev/sda2 234153 56477 165184 26% /boot And fdisk /dev/sda -l outputs: Disk /dev/sda: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 4294967295 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. I just don't know what to make of all this and am not sure how I can make it use all 2.73TBs. Thanks in advance for any help. EDIT-- Yes I did make changes to the LVM Config, but it didnt do anything. As requested, output of parted -l /dev/sda Model: ATA WDC WD30EFRX-68A (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 2097kB 1049kB bios_grub 2 2097kB 258MB 256MB ext2 3 258MB 3001GB 3000GB lvm Model: ATA WDC WD30EFRX-68A (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm) Disk /dev/mapper/DeathStar--vg-swap_1: 4022MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: loop Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 4022MB 4022MB linux-swap(v1) Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm) Disk /dev/mapper/DeathStar--vg-root: 2969GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: loop Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 2969GB 2969GB ext4

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